2013暨南大学828管理学与微观经济学真题

2011年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题********************************************************************************************学科与专业名称：企业管理、会计学、旅游管理考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

Ⅱ微观经济学部分一、选择题（每题只有一个正确答案，每题 3 分，共30 分）1.垄断厂商的边际成本曲线是MC=8，该厂商所面临的需求曲线是P=40-Q，其中P 代表价格，Q代表数量。

下面哪个产量使得该垄断厂商的利润最大：A 32B 16C 64D 722.最近纽约公交地铁系统工会组织大罢工为了争取更好的待遇（现已结束），很多经济学家在罢工还没结束时就相信劳动方（即工会）的要求将会得到一定程度的满足，经济学家的理由最有可能是以下哪一个？A 罢工会对社会带来巨大损失，劳资双方出于社会财产的关心达成妥协B 政府施加压力使得资方不得不满足劳方部分要求C 工会是劳动力供给的垄断者，它们对劳动力的价格有较强的控制能力D 工会的谈判技巧高超3．关于长期成本和短期成本的关系，以下说法那个不对：A 在任何一个产量水平上，长期总成本都小于或等于短期总成本B 在任何一个产量水平上，长期平均成本都小于或等于短期平均成本C 在任何一个产量水平上，短期平均成本都和长期平均成本相切在短期的最低点上D 存在一个短期规模，其短期平均成本和长期平均成本相切在两者的最低点上4.完全竞争行业的供给曲线向上倾斜，有人列出了三种的原因：（1）由于生产的投入资源是有限的，随着生产者数目的增加，这些投入资源的价格上涨，导致所有生产者的成本上升。

（2）行业中每个企业的边际成本是向上倾斜的（3）企业（包括考试科目：管理学与微观经济学共 6 页。

2010年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（B卷）******************************************************************************************** 学科：工商管理专业：企业管理、会计学、旅游管理考试科目名称：828管理学及微观经济学2011年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题******************************************************************************************** 学科与专业名称：企业管理、会计学、旅游管理考试科目：管理学与微观经济学共 6 页2012年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题********************************************************************************************学科与专业名称：工商管理学科：企业管理、会计学、旅游管理、技术经济及管理考试科目代码与名称：828管理学及微观经济学（B卷）考试科目：管理学及微观经济学共5 页2013年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题******************************************************************************************** 考试科目名称：管理学与微观经济学2017年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题******************************************************************************* 学科与专业名称：考试科目代码与名称：管理学原理及微观经济学（B卷）二．微观经济学部分。

微观经济学部分消费者理论部分1.简述基数效用论与序数效用论的区别（2008年简）答：基数效用论和序数效用论是解释消费者行为的两种不同理论。

二者在分析消费者行为时有着明显的区别。

具体表现在：①假设不同。

基数效用论假设消费者商品所获得的效用是可以度量的，即效用的大小可以用基数大小来表示，并且每增加一个单位商品所带来的效用增加具有递减规律；序数效用论则认为，消费者商品所获得的效用水平只可以进行排序，只可以用序数来表示效用的高低，而效用的大小及特征表示在无差异曲线中。

②使用的分析方法不同。

基数效用论使用MU 以及预算约束条件来分析效用最大化条件。

而序数效用论则以无差异曲线和预算约束线为工具来分析消费者均衡。

③所表述的消费者均衡的实现条件是不一样的。

其中前者表述为MUx/Px=λ，后者表述为MRSxy=Px/Py。

以上分析方法上的区别，只是以不同的方式表达了消费者行为的一般规律。

除此以外，二者有又许多相同之处：①两者都是从市场的需求着手，通过推导需求曲线来说明需求曲线的任一点都表示消费者获得了效用最大化。

②两者都是一种消费者行为理论，都把消费者的行为看做是在既定的收入限制条件下追求最大化效用的过程。

③两者都以边际效用理论为基础，认为商品的价值或价格是由商品带给消费者的边际效用的大小来决定的。

④两者推到的曲线具有相同的趋势，都符合需求规律。

2.供给曲线的移动、沿着供给曲线的移动。

（2011简）答：供给量的变动和供给的变动是两个相互联系而又相互区别的概念。

供给量的变动和供给的变动都是供给数量的变动，它们的区别在于引起这两种变动的因素是不相同的，而且，这两种变动在几何图形中的表现也是不相同的。

供给量的变动表现为沿着供给曲线移动，而供给的变动表现为供给曲线的移动。

供给量的变动是指在其他条件不变的前提下，由某种商品的价格变动所引起的该商品的供给数量的变动。

在几何图形中，供给量的变动表现为商品的价格—供给数量组合点沿着同一条既定的供给曲线的运动。

历年暨南大学828管理学与微观经济学考研真题试卷和答案一、考试解读：part 1 学院专业考试概况：①学院专业分析：含学院基本概况、考研专业课科目:828管理学与微观经济学的考试情况；②科目对应专业历年录取统计表：含暨大相关专业的历年录取人数与分数线情况；③历年考研真题特点：含暨南大学考研专业课828管理学与微观经济学各部分的命题规律及出题风格。

part 2 历年题型分析及对应解题技巧：根据暨大828管理学与微观经济学考试科目的考试题型（名词解释、简答题、论述题等），分析对应各类型题目的具体解题技巧，帮助考生提高针对性，提升答题效率，充分把握关键得分点。

part 3 近年真题分析：最新真题是暨大考研中最为珍贵的参考资料，针对最新一年的暨南大学考研真题试卷展开深入剖析，帮助考生有的放矢，把握真题所考察的最新动向与考试侧重点，以便做好更具针对性的复习准备工作。

part 4 2019考试展望：根据上述相关知识点及真题试卷的针对性分析，提高2019考生的备考与应试前瞻性，令考生心中有数，直抵暨大考研的核心要旨。

part 5 暨南大学考试大纲：①复习教材罗列（官方指定或重点推荐+拓展书目）：不放过任何一个课内、课外知识点。

②官方指定或重点教材的大纲解读：官方没有考试大纲，高分学长学姐为你详细梳理。

③拓展书目说明及复习策略：专业课高分，需要的不仅是参透指定教材的基本功，还应加强课外延展与提升。

part 6 专业课高分备考策略：①考研前期的准备；②复习备考期间的准备与注意事项；③考场注意事项。

part 7 章节考点分布表：罗列暨大828管理学与微观经济学考研专业课试卷中，近年试卷考点分布的具体情况，方便考生知晓暨大考研专业课试卷的侧重点与知识点分布，有助于考生更具针对性地复习、强化，快准狠地把握高分阵地。

二、暨南大学历年考研真题试卷与答案详解：汇编暨大考研专业课考试科目的1996-2018年考研真题试卷，并配有2010-2018年答案详细讲解。

三ʅ多项选择一ʅ简答题1996年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题1ʅ管理的四个基本职能是（）A 计划B 组织C 环境分析D 技术分析E 领导F 控制1ʅ现代企业制度的基本特征是什么？2ʅ工作扩大化与工作丰富化的主要区别是什么？3ʅ简述韩非法ʅ术ʅ势ǃ思想的主要内容ʆ4ʅ泰罗科学管理ǃ的主要内容有哪些？5ʅ行政方法的特点是什么？二ʅ单项选择题1ʅ行为学派开始于（）A 霍桑实验B 工业革命C 动作研究D 伯利恒钢厂研究2ʅ管理方格图的发明者是（）A 费特勒B 希顿C 希莱克和穆顿D 科曼3ʅ最早从事作业研究于报酬制度研究的人是（）A 泰罗B 法约尔C 巴贝吉D 查尔斯4ʅ下面的哪一种理论把人看作是经济人ǃ？（）A 行为科学理论B 决策学派理论C 古典学派理论D 经验学派理论5ʅ从两个以上的备选方案中选择一个方案的过程被称之为（）A 控制B 组织C 决策D 管理6ʅ在下列因素中，哪一个不是企业战略分析中的外部环境因素（）A 经济因素B 组织策略C 供应商状况D 技术变化趋势E 竞争对手状况7ʅ从零开始考虑各费用项目的必要性及其预算规模的预算方法被称之为（）A 费用预算B 零基预算C 零点预算D 财务预算8ʅ按照控制的程度不同，可分为（）A 程序控制和目标控制B 事先与事后控制Cʅ集中与分散控制 D 静态与动态控制9ʅ以下哪一个方案不属于管理者群体结构的内容（）A 年龄结构B 性格结构C 职能结构D 专业结构E 性别结构2ʅ70 年代企业管理的最新变化表现为（）Aʅ战略热 B 系统热 C 公司文化热 D 权变热 E 管理哲学热3ʅ企业控制系统是由以下哪几个要素构成的？（）A 控制主体B 控制幅度C 控制客体D 控制的目标体系E 控制的手段与工具4ʅ企业管理的基础工作包括哪几个方面？（）A 标准化工作B 定额工作C 计量工作D 信息工作E 规章制度5ʅ茨伯格的双因素理论ǃ所指的两个因素是（）A 激励因素B 心里因素C 保健因素D 环境因素E 生理因素四ʅ判断题1ʅY 理论是把金钱当作一种主要的激励工具（）2ʅ罗伯特·\u27431X文被誉为人事管理之父ǃʆ（）3ʅ所有权与管理权的分离始于马萨诸塞车祸ʆ（）4ʅ管理幅度就是某一特定的管理人员管辖下属的数量ʆ（）5ʅ权力性影响因素是与特定的个人联系在一起的，它同职务没有必然的联系ʆ6ʅ目标控制是通过预先确定控制目标，编制被控对象的行为程序莱实现控制的ʆ7ʅ高层管理者应更多地具备概念形成的技能ʆ（）8ʅ管理理论的出现和发展与科学技术和生产力的发展有密切的联系ʆ（）9ʅ一般而言，经营决策史一种确定的ʅ程序化的决策ʆ（）10ʅ市场营销人员的工作就是把企业制造的产品推销出去ʆ（）五ʅ案例分析阅读以下案例，然后回答问题ʆ美国硅谷ǃ中的坦丁姆计算机公司的激励制度我们曾提到在美国加州北部硅谷ǃ区有一个飞速发展的计算机公司，这个公司就是坦丁姆计算机公司，坦丁姆计算机公司是詹姆士特雷比格于1970 年创造的，人们一直认为，该公司的管理是极为成功的ʆ目前，它每年的销售额达到3 亿美元ʆ计划到1985 年的销售量要达到10 亿美元ʆ詹姆士在斯坦福大学获得工程硕士学位后曾在得克萨斯仪器公司工作过几年，随后使在硅谷区创建了坦丁姆计算机公司，该公司一开始就以生产其第二计算机继续工作系统而著称ʆ德尔计算机继续工作系统就是在一个系统中同时使用二架计算机，在正常得情况下，两架计算机都工作，如果其中一架出了故障的话，而另一架计算机会自动地承担全部地2ʅ请读一下你对美国管理思想最新变化感想ʆ工作，使工作间断地继续下去，同时，对系统中的计算机数据和程序还有各式各样的保护措施，有了这种第二计算机继续工作系统，工作就可以畅通无阻，避免不必要的损失ʆ例如，如果旅馆用的计算机系统出问题，就会因无法给顾客预先订房而受巨大损失，银行也可能因其计算机系统出故障而倒闭ʆ但是，如用了这种第二计算机继续工作系统，就可以排除各种故障，使工作在任何情况下都可以顺利地进行，坦丁姆公司地处加州硅谷地区，受到各方面的有力竞争ʆ由于剧烈的竞争环境，也由于詹姆士本人的管理才能，他创造了一套有效而独特的管理自己职工的方法ʆ它位职工创造了极为良好的工作环境，在公司总部设有专门的橄榄球场地ʅ游泳池，还有供职工休息的花园和宁静的散步小道等，他规定每周五下午免费给职工提供啤酒，公司还经常定期举办各种酒会，ʅ宴会，同时还举办由女职工为裁判的男职工健美比赛会等等活动；除此之外，他还允许职工有选择灵活机动的工作时间的自由ʆ他也很注意利用经济因素来激励职工ʆ他定期地在职工中拍卖本公司地股票ʆ目前，该公司员工已拥有该公司的10 万美元股票了，这样就大大地激发了大家为公司努力工作的热情，詹姆士要求每个职工都要订出一个具体的了解公司ʅ学会和能*作公司内各种工作的五年的战略计划ʆ这样，每个人都了解公司，对公司有强烈的感情和责任心，平时用不着别人来监督就能自觉地关心公司利益ʆ因为许多职工手中都有公司地股票，所以，他们对公司地利益及其成功是极为关心的，詹姆士本人又是一个极为随和ʅ喜欢以非正式的身份进行工作的有才能的管理者，又由于他在公司内对广大管理干部ʅ技术人员和职工都平等的采用了上述一系列措施ʆ公司的绝大多数人员都极为赞成他的做法ʆ公司人员都把自己的成长与公司的发展联系起来，并为此而感到满意和自豪ʆ问题：（1）坦丁姆计算机公司采用了哪些有效的激励方法？（2）请剖析这个公司的报酬制度，说明其为什么能起作用的原因ʆ六ʅ论述题1ʅ结合实际，读一下你对管理者应具备的能力的知识ʆ1997年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题一ʅ简述述题1ʅ韦伯的理想行政组织体系理论2ʅ管理理论的丛林3ʅ目标管理4ʅ费特勒模式5ʅ巴雷特管理法二ʅ论述题1ʅ试述组织变革的原因及主要内容ʆ2ʅ试比较美日企业管理模式的差别ʆ3ʅ结合实际，谈一下你对国有企业管理改革的看法及建议ʆ1998年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题一ʅ简述述题1ʅ市场细分2ʅ柔性生产系统3ʅ管理学的研究对象4ʅ经验学派5ʅ7S 理论6ʅ零基预算二ʅ论述题1ʅ述组织变革的原因及主要内容ʆ2ʅ试述古典理论的特点及主要内容ʆ2000年考研专业课试卷管理学考研试题1ʅ简述美国管理思想的变化，你对它是怎么认识的？2ʅ组织变革的原因ʅ内容和程序ʆ3ʅ当代直接对外投资的主要成因ʆ2ʅ 以 V 代表价值，F 代表功能，C 代表成本，则有公式（ ）一ʅ填空题 1999 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 A ʅV=F*C B ʅV=F/C C ʅF=V/C D ʅC=V/F 3ʅ 目标管理最早是由（ ）提出的ʆ 1ʅ管理就是管理者为了在一定的环境中实现_______而对组织内部的各种_______ 进行计划ʅ组织ʅ领导和控制，促成其相互配合，以取得最大效益的过程ʆ 2ʅ理层次划分，管理人员可分为__________ʅ___________ʅ__________ʆ 3ʅ管理的对象是人ʅ财ʅ物ʅ_______和_______ʆ 4ʅ 马斯洛认为，认得需要有 5 个层次，它们依次是_________ʅ_________ʅ社 交需要ʅ__________和自我实现需要ʆ5ʅ 任何一个系统都具有的 2 个基本特征是_________和__________ʆ 6ʅ 7S ǃ理论认为，组织内有 7 个要素，即战略ʅ________ʅ人员ʅ作风ʅ_______和共同价值观ʆ 二ʅ判断题1ʅ管理的目标有 2 个方面，一是物质性的目标，二是社会性的目标ʆ（ ） 2ʅ公平理论认为，一个人获得的报酬所产生的激励力量大小与他人无关ʆ（ ） 3ʅ 期望理论认为，激励力量的大小取决于目标价值的大小ʆ（ ）4ʅ 组织的目标是管理者希望组织实现的目标，因此它与组织的环境无关ʆ（ ）5ʅ 组织的控制与反馈无关，因此，不需要反馈渠道ʆ（ ） 6ʅ 一个组织的行为好坏与其结构模式无关ʆ（ ）7ʅ 提高管理者的影响力的关键在于努力提高其权利影响力ʆ（ ） 8ʅ 非正式组织的存在对于正式组织的生存和发展总是有害的ʆ（ ）9ʅ 组织环境的变化必然导致组织行为发生变化，这是客观规律，管理者无法抗 拒的ʆ（ ）10ʅ 不同类型的决策在一定条件下是可以转化的ʆ（ ） 三ʅ选择题（一）单项选择题1ʅ 对高层管理者而言，技术能力ʅ人事能力ʅ概念形成能力重要性的排序（） A ʅ技术能力ʅ人事能力ʅ概念形成能力 B ʅ人事能力ʅ技术能力ʅ概念形成能 力 C ʅ概念形成能力ʅ技术能力ʅ人事能力 D ʅ概念形成能力ʅ人事能力ʅ技术 能力Aʅ霍桑Bʅ泰罗Cʅ德鲁克Dʅ松下4ʅ设固定成本为F，单位产品可变成本为V，产品单价为P，赢亏平衡点所对应的产量为Q0，那么，正确的表达式是（）AʅQ0=F*(P-V) BʅQ0=(P-V)/F CʅQ0=F/(P-V) DʅQ0=(F+V)/P5ʅ一个建筑承包公司最可能采用的组织结构模式是（）Aʅ直线组织结构模式Bʅ职能组织结构模式Cʅ直线-职能组织结构模式Dʅ矩阵式组织结构模式（二）多项选择题1ʅ下列哪些方法属于管理的技术性方法（）1. 行政方法Bʅ全面质量管理方法Cʅ运筹学方法Dʅ价值工程方法2ʅ管理的宏观经济方法包括（）Aʅ价格Bʅ税收Cʅ信贷Dʅ工资9ʅ决定领导者非权力影响力的主要因素是个人（）Aʅ知识Bʅ品德Cʅ才能Dʅ业余爱好10ʅ按决策的性质划分，决策可分为（）A 确定型决策Bʅ不确定型决策Cʅ风险型决策Dʅ模糊型决策11ʅ霍尔三维空间是由（）构成的ʆA. 知识维Bʅ时间维Cʅ逻辑维Dʅ经验维12ʅ管理者群体结构中的基本步骤包括（）A. 年龄结构 B 品德结构Cʅ专业结构Dʅ性格结构13ʅ控制过程所包含的基本步骤为（）A. 调节Bʅ领导Cʅ指定控制目标Dʅ统计与分析14ʅ费特勒认为，影响领导行为的因素有3 个，他们式（）A. 上下级关系Bʅ领导者性格特征Cʅ任务结构Dʅ岗位权力15ʅ和集中控制相比，分撒控制具有优点（）A 整体协调容易Bʅ适应性强Cʅ控制过程简单Dʅ高层管理人员负担轻10ʅ关于管理科学，下列哪些说法式正确的（）Aʅ管理科学是一门与实践紧密相关的科学Bʅ运筹学ʅ系统科学和系统工程是2ʅ有效控制应具有哪些特点？现代管理科学的重要组成部分3ʅ什么是工作评定？有哪些工作评定的方法？Bʅ管理科学与行为科学无关Dʅ管理科学研究应当强调定性与定量相结合的研4ʅ决策的程序和每个步骤的做法ʆ究方法二ʅ分析四ʅ计算题1ʅ我国企业人力资源管理面临的挑战ʆ某企业生产一种汽车配件，企业根据上一年的生产和销售情况制定今年的生产计2ʅ选择你熟悉的企业或部门，分析ʅ选择战略及依据和原因ʆ划，上年产量为10000 件，单价为2000 元，利润为4000000 元，固定成本占总成本的20％，今年计划盈利6160000 元，试问今年的计划产量是多少？五ʅ论述题1ʅ一个企业在做计划时往往要使用多种计划方法，请您结合实例说明如何应用比例法，定额法和综合平衡法为企业制定计划ʆ2ʅ试用系统原理并结合实例阐释如下现象：有的组织，其局部最优，但全局并不优，有的组织，其局部不优，但全局却最优ʆ2001年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题一ʅ名词解释2004年暨南大学管理学考研试题一ʅ单项选择题1．下列（）项不是管理的四大职能之一ʆA．领导职能B．计划职能C．审计职能D．组织职能2．在管理者的三项技能中，中高层管理者应着重（）ʆA．概念技能和人际关系技能B．人际关系技能和技术技能C．概念技能和技术技能D．概念技能ʅ人际关系技能和技术技能3．下列（）项描述不符合Y 理论的假设ʆA．勇于承担责任B．有自律能力C．发展自我潜能D．喜爱安稳4．组织环境可分为（）ʆ1ʅ目标管理2ʅ价值工程3ʅ管理跨度4ʅ程序性决策A．大环境和小环境B．一般环境和具体环境C．全面环境和不全面环境D．好5ʅ零基预算发6ʅ公平理论本方式ʆ二ʅ简述题7ʅ正式组织8ʅ际企业技术贸易的基环境和坏环境5．若某企业共有四个管理层次，各管理层次的管理幅度均为４，则该公司总共有（）人ʆ1ʅ简述企业战略联盟及其4 个特征ʆ2ʅ简述管理者在组织中的角色ʆ3ʅ简述影响授权的主要因素ʆ4ʅ简述控制的基本步骤ʆ三ʅ论述题1ʅ试述美国管理思想发生变化的原因及其意义ʆ2ʅ结合实际，从管理学角度论述我国企业改革的途径ʆ2003年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题一ʅ简答1ʅ什么是管理跨度？选择管理跨度应考虑哪些因素？A．17 B．23 C．85 D．1176．你正面临是否购买某种奖券的决策ʆ你知道每张奖券的售价以及该期共发行奖券的总数ʅ奖项和相应的奖金额ʆ在这样的情况下，该决策的类型是什么？加入何种信息以后该决策将变成一个风险型决策？（）A．确定型决策；各类奖项的数量B．风险型决策；不需要加其它信息C．不确定型决策；各类奖项的数量D．不确定型决策；可能购买该奖券的人数7．下列（）项不是管理方格理论中五种典型的领导方式之一A．任务型管理B．中庸之道型管理C．长期控制管理D．团队型管理8．下列（）不属于保健因素ʆA．成就感B．工资C．公司政策D．同事关系9．防患于未然ǃ属于（）A．预先控制B．现场控制C．反馈控制D．间接控制10．医院的医生ʅ学校的教师都属于组织中的（）ʆA．高层管理者B．中层管理者C．基层管理者D．操作者二ʅ判断题（请判断下列说法是否正确，每小题1分，共20分）1．管理幅度是指主管人员直接和间接指挥下属人员的数量ʆ（）2．无论是赢利性组织还是非赢利性组织，管理的职能是基本相同的ʆ（）3．不同组织层次的管理角色具有很强的一致性ʆ（）4．矩阵型组织融合了职能部门化和产品部门化的特点ʆ（）5．激励的主要内容就是奖励ʆ（）6．为使工作内容丰富化，可以让职工定期或不定期调换岗位或工种ʆ（）7．管理实践自人类社会形成就存在，而管理思想和管理理论是逐步形成的ʆ（）8．相对于基层管理者而言，高层管理者的领导职能更为重要ʆ（）9．一般来说，有机式组织结构适合于确定性程度较高的环境ʆ（）10．行政性组织中，领导者的权威完全以其职位为基础ʆ（）11．提高下属人员的素质可以使有效的管理幅度增大ʆ（）12．领导者的责任随着权力的下放而相应地全部转移给了下级ʆ（）13．劳动分工有助于提高工作效率，但分工过细则会降低组织整体运作效率ʆ（）14．凡已满足的需要，均不再具有很强的激励作用ʆ（）15．根据公平理论，平均分配是最合理的ʆ（）16．领导者是管理者，同样管理者也是领导者ʆ（）17．领导者不应采取独裁或自由放任的领导方式ʆ（）18．控制是联结管理过程循环的支点，没有控制，管理过程就不能实现循环ʆ（）19．控制工作只是组织中高层管理人员的一项管理职能ʆ（）20．良好的沟通是指沟通双方准确理解信息的含义，而非彼此接受对方观点ʆ（）三ʅ论述题（1~3题必答，4ʅ5题中任选一题，每小题15分，共60分）1．试比较目标管理（MBO）与传统的目标设定方法ʆ2．试述迈克尔?波特的竞争战略分析框架ʆ3．假如你是一名教师，谈谈如何运用激励理论来提高你的学生的学习兴趣和成绩ʆ4．工商企业应该承担社会责任吗？今天的工商企业承担了社会责任吗？谈谈你的 看法ʆ5．请你谈谈管理人员应如何运用已有的各种管理工具和方法来提高管理的 有效性ʆ 四ʅ案例分析（共 40 分） 案例一 Bloomingdale sBloomingdale s 目前正处在百货零售业的革命前沿ʆ数以千计的 计时工资售货员要转变为收取佣金的职员了ʆ该公司想以这种方式来激励它的员 工，让他们能更加努力地工作，吸纳更加出色的员工，并让他们赚更多的钱ʆ比 如说，在原来的计划中，女装部的售货员每年可以赚 16000 美元，其中每小时 7 美元ʅ每卖 500000 美元的货物收取 0.5%的佣金ʆ但在新的计划中，该员工将会 赚取 25000 美元，每卖 500000 美元将会收取 5%的佣金ʆ在男鞋部工作的 John Palmerio 对新的计划满怀热情ʆ他的薪水每周可以增加 175 美元ʆ对于一个售货 员来说，每周赚 1600 美元可不是一件轻松的事，但对于他们来说，赚取他们最初 的薪水甚至保住自己的饭碗是很必要的ʆ在前一年，这种佣金式工资还局限在大 件商品部，例如家具ʅ家电以及男装部，在那里谁有高超的销售技巧谁就可以得 到高的回报ʆ这个办法可能对小件商品部来说不会那么有效，但 Bloomingdale s公司和其他商店一样，很想实施这个办法ʆ在 Bloomingdale s 开始实施佣金制 的之前，首先面临这样一个问题，它能创造出那么多的顾客导向型的销售员吗？ 他们可能没那么多的耐心听顾客的抱怨，对已售出商品退货，为柜台打扫卫生， 等客上门而不是主动寻找潜在的顾客ʆ另外，各种相关培训项目ʅ计算机的更新 以及在许多部门增加的工资开支还使得 Bloomingdale s 为每个店花 100 万美元安装佣金系统ʆ如果这些努力对服务的影响是负面的话，那么所增加的效率看上 去就没有那么大的价值了ʆ 根据以上案例材料，回答以下问题：1．从工资制转变成佣金制运用了哪种激励理论？（5 分）2．Bloomingdale s 公司应该实施佣金制吗？为什么？（10 分）案例二林肯电力公司想象一下拥有一个获得了巨大成功的管理系统，这个系统如此之成 功，以至于人们把它当作一个专有名词--林肯管理系统，并争相把它作为自己公司的标杆，这就是美国俄亥俄州的林肯电力公司目前所处的状态ʆ多年来，其他公司都力求发现林肯公司的秘密--为什么管理者能够发掘出员工的最大生产力和生产质量，就算是在财务困难时期也是如此ʆ林肯电力公司是一家领先的焊接产品ʅ焊接设备和电子马达制造商，销售额达10 亿美元，在全世界范围内拥有6000名员工ʆ公司产品广泛用于切割ʅ制造和修理金属制品ʆ虽然它是一家公开上市的公司，但是林肯家族拥有60%以上的股权ʆ林肯公司采用多种多样的控制模式，任务被严格地界定，员工必须达到绩效标准，但是林肯系统的成功在很大程度上要归功于其组织文化，其组织文化建立在公开ʅ信任ʅ共享控制和平等精神基础之上ʆ虽然公司中管理者和工人之间界限分明，但是管理者尊重生产工人的技能，重视他们对业务的贡献ʆ公司倡导所有员工的公平的ʅ面对面的交流ʆ工人们被鼓励挑战管理者的权威，只要他们认为事实和报酬率不公平ʆ大多数工人都是从高中直接雇佣的，经过岗位培训和交叉培训以完成不同的工作ʆ其中一些最终会失了大笔金钱，但是高层领导希望拓展海外业务，因为海外市场发展速度远远超过国内市场ʆ但是林肯公司的管理者还没有为全球运营开发出一个战略控制计划，仅仅是将国内的林肯系统加以复制ʆ根据以上案例材料，回答以下问题：1．本案例描述的是什么类型的控制？前馈ʅ同步还是反馈？请加以解释ʆ（5 分）2．基于材料，你认为林肯系统成功的原因是什么？（10 分）3．为适应海外经营，你认为林肯公司管理者需要对管理系统做哪些调整？（10 分）2005年暨南大学管理学考研试题一ʅ选择题（共20题，每题2分，共计40分）晋升到管理岗位，因为公司更相信内部晋升ʆ大多数员工会在公司工作一辈子ʆ1ʅ运筹帷幄是管理的（）职能ʆ林肯公司的创始人之一认为公司应建立在一定的价值基础之上，包括诚信ʅ信任ʅ2ʅ当今管理的机构变革的一大趋势是：（）公开ʅ自我管理ʅ忠诚ʅ可依赖和协作精神，这些价值一直是林肯公司文化的核心，管理者总是对那些表现出这些精神的员工给予奖励ʆ由于林肯公司有效的实现员工社会化，所以员工在工作中的自我控制程度很高，生产工人实行计件工资制度外加业绩奖金ʆ员工还有依照公司财富发放的年终奖金ʆ他们也有员工持股Aʅ管理层次复杂多变Bʅ组织结构扁平化Cʅ组织结构高耸化Dʅ管理跨度日益减小3ʅ对基层管理人员而言，其管理技能应侧重于（4ʅ管理的具体环境：）计划ʆ奖金与一系列因素相关，诸如生产率ʅ质量ʅ可靠性以及同其他员工的合作等ʆ林肯公司的员工年收入超过10 万美元，1996 年平均收入是6 万2 千美元，但是还有其他一些非实物的奖励，赏识和参与ʅ贡献感，团队精神都是在林肯公司盛行的内在奖励ʆ被充分授权的跨职能团队负责制定计划ʅ开发和市场营销ʆ关于公司经营和财务状况的信息对公司所有员工公开ʆ公司重视预测和解决客户问题，对销售代表进行技术培训以便使他们可以理解客户需求，帮助客户了解和使用公司产品和解决问题ʆ对客户的重视还体现在对所有员工的生产率ʅ质量和革新采用严格的标准和正式的衡量办法ʆ此外还采用一个被称为Rhythmǃ的软件来规划生产过程中的物流ʆ林肯系统在美国运行的非常好，文化价值ʅ公开的沟通和正式的控制和奖励系统相互作用，将管理者ʅ员工和组织的目标结合在一起，鼓励学习和发展ʆ现在公司正在研究它的系统在海外是否同样奏效ʆ虽然公司大部分利润来自国内经营，而且20 世纪90 年代的一个海外合资企业使公司损5ʅ管理目标中的目标（下列哪项可以作为管理目标的目标）6ʅ从事相同或类似活动的工作安排再同一个部门的部门化方式是（7ʅ领班ʅ教练属于（）8ʅ决策过程始于（）9ʅ管理的控制职能主要由（）执行ʆ10ʅ领导行为连续统一体理论指出有效的领导方式是：（）Aʅ独特式领导Bʅ民主式领导Cʅ放任式领导Dʅ根据领导者ʅ下属ʅ处境不同的灵活运用各种方式11ʅ在管理者扮演的决策方面的角色不包括：（）Aʅ发言人Bʅ资源分配者Cʅ企业家Dʅ谈判者12ʅ梅奥通过霍桑试验得出职工是（）的结论ʆAʅ经济人Bʅ社会人Ｃʅ自我实现人Dʅ复杂人）13ʅ直线人员与参谋人员之间的冲突一般起源于（）11ʅ在管理决策中，通常不需要考虑决策过程本身的经济性ʆ（）Aʅ年龄差异Bʅ能力不同Cʅ权利争夺Dʅ以上三项12ʅ在现代组织中，决策往往是由个人作出的ʆ（）14ʅ广告中的明星效应ǃ属于：（）13ʅ一般组织规模之大，其专业化程度越高ʆ（）Aʅ强制权利Bʅ合法权利Cʅ专家权利Dʅ感召权利14ʅ自我实现西药是一种比生理实现更重要的需要ʆ（）15ʅ激励过程的出发点是：（）15ʅ职能型结构个适合于大型化或多元化经营的组织ʆ（）Aʅ紧张感Bʅ目标Cʅ未满足的需求Dʅ不满意16ʅ管理者的管理跨度大小没有统一的标准，它取决于多个因素ʆ（）16ʅ当人们发现和他人相比，自己的报酬低时，一般会采取（）以消除不公17ʅ领导者与管理者实际上是同一类人ʆ（）平感ʆA 较少自己的报酬B 减少自己的投入C 增加他人的报酬D 增加他人的收入18ʅ根据公平理论，当获得相同结果时，员工会感到他们是公平对待的ʆ（）19ʅ从经济性角度来考虑，控制系统越是复杂越好，控制力越大越好ʆ（）17ʅ在组织运作中，组织间的曾机设置越多，信息沟通的障碍就越大，这种障碍属于（）Aʅ信息选择中的过滤现象Bʅ信息传递的速度过慢Cʅ信息接受者的理解出现偏差Dʅ以上各种情抗都存在18ʅ提供工作保障可以满足（）20ʅ在管理中，决策是每一个管理人员都可能要从事的活动ʆ三ʅ论述题（1ʅ2ʅ3必做，4ʅ5任选其一）1ʅ试述西方管理思想和理论的演变过程ʆ2ʅ管理者应当如何在BCG 矩阵的4 种业务组合间分配资源？3ʅ论述：在不同的情况因素下，如何提高领导的有效性？（）Aʅ生理需要Bʅ安全需要Cʅ社会需要Dʅ自我实现需要4ʅ组织文化是如何形成的？他对管理者履行其管理职能产生哪些影响？19ʅ在组织规模一定的情况下，组织层次越少管理跨度就会（Aʅ越大Bʅ越小Cʅ不便Dʅ不确定20ʅ在车间内张贴安全标语属于（））5ʅ什么是企业家？企业家是如何产生的？谈谈你的看法ʆ四ʅ案例题（案例略）案例一Aʅ预先控制Bʅ现场控制Ｃʅ反馈控制Dʅ间接控制1ʅ灰狗管理者所面临的是程序性的决策还是非程序性决策？为什么？二ʅ判断题（共20题，每题1分，共计20分）2ʅ丛决策制定过程的角度分析，灰狗公司在决策中存在哪些问题？如何解决？1ʅ根据Y 理论，多数人都不愿意主动承担责任ʆ2ʅ高层管理者花在计划决策上的时间比基层管理者要多一些ʆ。

暨南大学微观经济学习题集Exercises for MicroeconomicsChapter 1问题1 ScarcityA. is the inability to satisfy all our wants.B. leads to higher prices.C. applies only to people living in poverty.D. is not something that affects very rich people.E. used to exist everywhere but has been eliminated in advanced economies.问题2 The study of economics is best described as a study ofA. the factors that influence the stock and bond markets.B. capitalism.C. the choices made in producing goods and services.D. coping with scarcity, and choices made as a result of scarcity in a society.E. how people earn a living.问题3 Microeconomics is the branch of economics that deals with which of the following topics?A. The behavior of individual consumersB. Unemployment and interest ratesC. The behavior of individual firms and investorsD. B and CE. A and C问题4 A Rolling Stones song goes: ?You can?t always get what you want.?This echoes an importanttheme from microeconomics. Which of the following statements is the best example of thistheme?A. Consumers must make the best purchasing decisions theycan, given their limitedincomes.B. Workers do not have as much leisure as they would like, given their wages and workingconditions.C. Workers in planned economies, such as North Korea, do not have much choice over jobs.D. Firms in market economies have limited financial resources.问题5 Economics is about the allocation of scarce resources. Which of the following is NOT anexample of economic scarcity?A. If Steve goes to see the movie Master and Commander on Saturday, he will not be able to afford buying ice cream.B. If Jenny studies for her economics quiz this evening, she will not have time to walk herdog.C. If General Motors increases its production of SUVs this year, it will have to spend moreon advertising.D. If Borders Books increases the number of titles it carries, it will have to reallocate shelf space to accommodate the new titles.问题6 A valid and useful theory of gold prices:A. helps to predict the movements of gold prices over time.B. may be founded on simplifying assumptions.C. need not exactly predict every change in gold prices.D. all of the aboveE. none of the above问题7 Which of the following is a positive statement?A. The President of the United States ought to be elected by a direct vote of the American people rather than the Electoral College.B. A fundamental assumption of the economic theory of consumer behavior is that consumers always prefer having more of any good to having less of it.C. Because many adults cannot afford to go to college, tax credits for tuition should be introduced.D. all of the aboveE. none of the above问题8 Which of the following is a normative statement?A. The taxes paid by the poor should be reduced in order to improve the incomedistribution in the U.S.B. State governments should not subsidize corporations by training welfare recipients.C. Presidential candidates should not be given funds from the federal government to runcampaigns.D. The sea otter should not be allowed to spread into Southern California coastal waters, because it will reduce the value of fisheries.E. all of the above问题9 Which of the following is a positive statement?A. Intermediate microeconomics should be required of all economics majors in order to build a solid foundation in economic theory.B. The minimum wage should not be increased because this action would increase unemployment.C. Smoking should be restricted on all airline flights.D. All automobile passengers should be required to wear seatbelts in order to protect them against injury.E. none of the above问题10 Which of the following is a positive statement?A. When the price of a good goes up, consumers buy less of it.B. When the price of a good goes up, firms produce more of it.C. When the Federal government sells bonds, interest rates rise and private investment is reduced.D. all of the aboveE. none of the above问题11 The key assumption underlying the theory of the firm is that:A. firms are assumed to maximize sales revenue.B. managers are assumed to maximize the number of employees in their department.C. firms are assumed to maximize profits.D. none of the above问题12 Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The trade-offs facing consumers and producers are based on prices.B. All prices are determined by market interactions between buyers and sellers.C. Prices serve an important role in microeconomics.D. Only A and B above false.E. Only B and C above are false.问题13 The trade-offs facing consumers include:A. how to allocate income across goods and serves.B. how to allocate income between consumption and savings.C. both A and BD. none of the above问题14 The trade-offs facing workers include all of the following EXCEPT:A. decision to work or remain outside the workforce.B. decision to work or seek additional education.C. decision to work for a large corporation or a small firm.D. decision to allocate their time between work and leisure.E. All of the above are trade-offs facing workers.问题15 Firms face trade-offs in production, including decisions related to:A. which products to produce.B. how much of a particular product to produce.C. the best way to produce a given amount of output.D. all of the above问题16 The price of a taco was $0.29 in 1970 and $0.99 in 1993. The CPI was 38.8 in 1970 and 144.0 in 1993. The 1993 price of a taco in 1970 dollars is:A. $0.08.B. $0.27.C. $0.34.D. $3.67.问题17 Which of the following markets has the most restrictive geographic boundary?A. The market for retail gasolineB. The market for housingC. The market for goldD. The market for beef问题18 Why is market definition important for economic decision making?A. A firm is interested in knowing its actual and potential competitors.B. A firm will define its market in order to maximize revenue.C. Government regulators are interested in knowing the effect of mergers and acquisitions on competition and prices in a particular market.D. both A and CE. both A and B问题19 What does it mean when the CPI is higher this year than last?A. The rate of inflation has increased.B. There has been inflation since last year.C. Real prices have increased.D. Real prices have decreased.问题20 Which of the following could not possibly be included in the same market as Coke?A. A) PepsiB. GatoradeC. MilkD. BreadChapter 2问题1 Which of the following is NOT an application of supply and demand analysis?A. Understanding changing world economic conditions and their effects on pricesB. Evaluating the effects of government price controls on the agricultural industryC. Determining how taxes affect aggregate consumption spending patternsD. all of the aboveE. none of the above问题2 A supply curve reveals:A. the quantity of output consumers are willing to purchase at each possible market price.B. the difference between quantity demanded and quantity supplied at each price.C. the maximum level of output an industry can produce, regardless of price.D. the quantity of output that producers are willing to produce and sell at each possible market price.问题3 Plastic and steel are substitutes in the production of body panels for certain automobiles. If the price of plastic increases, with other things remaining the same, we would expect:A. the price of steel to fall.B. the demand curve for steel to shift to the right.C. the demand curve for plastic to shift to the left.D. nothing to happen to steel because it is only a substitute for plastic.E. the demand curve for steel to shift to the left.问题4 Coffee and cream:A. are both luxury goods.B. are complements.C. are both more inelastic in demand in the long run than in the short run.D. have a positive cross price elasticity of demand.问题5 Which of the following would shift the demand curve for new textbooks to the right?A. A fall in the price of paper used in publishing textsB. A fall in the price of equivalent used textbooksC. An increase in the number of students attending collegeD. A fall in the price of new textbooks.问题6 When an industry?s raw material costs increase, other things remaining the same,A. the supply curve shifts to the left.B. the supply curve shifts to the right.C. output increases regardless of the market price and the supply curve shifts upward.D. output decreases and the market price also decreases.问题7 Sugar can be refined from sugar beets. When the price of those beets falls,A. the demand curve for sugar would shift right.B. the demand curve for sugar would shift left.C. the supply curve for sugar would shift right.D. the supply curve for sugar would shift left.问题8 Assume that steak and potatoes are complements. When the price of steak goes up, the demand curve for potatoes:A. shifts to the left.B. shifts to the right.C. remains constant.D. shifts to the right initially and then returns to its original position.问题9 Which of the following events will cause a leftward shift in the supply curve of gasoline?A. A decrease in the price of gasolineB. An increase in the wage rate of refinery workersC. Decrease in the price of crude oilD. An improvement in oil refining technologyE. all of the above问题10 Which of the following will NOT cause a shift in the supply of gasoline?A. An increase in the wage rate of refinery workersB. A decrease in the price of gasolineC. An improvement in oil refiningD. technologyA decrease in the price of crude oil问题11 You are analyzing the demand for good X. Which of the following will result in a shift to the right of the demand curve for X?A. A decrease in the price of XB. An increase in the price of a good that is a complement to good XC. An increase in the price of a good that is a substitute for XD. all of the above问题12 The price of good A goes up. As a result, the demand for good B shifts to the left. From this we can infer that:A. good A is used to produce goodB.B. good B is used to produce good A.C. goods A and B are substitutes.D. goods A and B are complements.E. none of the above问题13 Which of the following will cause the demand curve for Beatles?compact discs to shift to the right?A. An increase in the price of the discsB. A decrease in consumers?incomesC. An increase in the price of Phil Collins' latest compact disc (a substitute)D. all of the aboveE. none of the above问题14 Which of the following will NOT cause a rightward shift in the demand curve for beer?A. A change in the price of beerB. A health study indicating positive health benefits of moderate beer consumptionC. An increase in the price of French wine (a substitute)D. A decrease in the price of potato chips (a complement)E. none of the above问题15 Suppose biochemists discover an enzyme that candouble the amount of ethanol that may be derived from a given amount of biomass. Based on this technological development, we expect the:A. supply curve for ethanol to shift leftward.B. supply curve for ethanol to shift rightward.C. demand curve for ethanol to shift leftward.D. demand curve for ethanol to shift rightward.问题16 Due to the recent increase in the price of natural gas, the quantity of coal demanded by electric power generation plants has increased. Based on this information, coal and natural gas are:A. complements.B. substitutes.C. independent goods.D. none of the above问题17 To protect the cod fishery off the northeast coast of the U.S., the federal government may limit the amount of fish that each boat can catch in the fishery. The result of this public policy is to:A. shift the cod demand curve to the left.B. shift the cod demand curve to the right.C. shift the cod supply curve to the right.D. shift the cod supply curve to the left.问题18 When the current price is above the market-clearing level we would expect:A. quantity demanded to exceed quantity supplied.B. quantity supplied to exceed quantity demanded.C. a shortage.D. greater production to occur during the next period.问题19 Assume that the current market price is below themarket clearing level. We would expect:A. a surplus to accumulate.B. B) downward pressure on the current market price.C. upward pressure on the current market price.D. lower production during the next time period.问题20 As long as the actual market price exceeds the equilibrium market price, there will be:A. downward pressure on the market price.B. upward pressure on the market price.C. no purchases made.D. Both A and C are correct.E. Both B and C are correct.Chapter 3问题1 Gary Franklin is a movie critic. He invented the Franklin Scale with which he rates movies from 1 to 10 (10 being best). When asked about his scale, Mr. Franklin explained "that it is a subjective measure of movie quality. A movie with a ranking of 10 is not necessarily 10 times better than a movie with a ranking of 1, but it is better. A movie with a ranking of 5 is better than a movie with a ranking of 1, but is not as good a movie with a ranking of 10. That's all it really tells you." Based on Mr. Franklin's description, his scale is:A) ordinal but not cardinal.B) cardinal but not ordinal.C) an objective standard to judge movies.D) neither cardinal nor ordinal.问题 2 Which of the following is NOT an assumption regarding people's preferences in the theory of consumer behavior?A) Preferences are complete..B) Preferences are transitive.C) Consumers prefer more of a good to less.D) All of the above are basic assumptions about consumer preferences问题3 The theory of consumer behavior is based on certain assumptions. The set of four basic assumptions includes:A) completeness.B) transitivity.C) intransitivity.D) Both A and B are correct.E) Both A and C are correct.问题4 The assumption of transitive preferences implies that indifference curves must:A) not cross one another.B) have a positive slope.C) be L-shaped.D) be convex to the origin.E) all of the above问题5 A consumer prefers market basket A to market basket B, and prefers market basket B to market basket C. Therefore, A is preferred to C. The assumption that leads to this conclusion is:A) transitivity.B) completeness.C) all goods are good.D) diminishing MRS.E) assumption of rationality.问题6 The assumption that preferences are complete:A) means that a consumer will spend her entire income.B) is unnecessary, as long as transitivity is assumed.C) recognizes that there may be pairs of market baskets thatcannot be compared.D) means that the consumer can compare any two market baskets of goods and determine that either one is preferred to the other or that she is indifferent between them.问题7 If a market basket is changed by adding more of at least one good, then rational consumers will:A) rank the market basket more highly after the change.B) more likely prefer a different market basket.C) rank the market basket as being just as desirable as before.D) be unable to decide whether the first market basket is preferred to the second or vice versa.E) have indifference curves that cross.问题8 A curve that represents all combinations of market baskets that provide the same level of utility to a consumer is called:A) a budget line.B) an isoquant.C) an indifference curve.D) a demand curve.E) none of the above问题9 An upward sloping indifference curve defined over two goods violates which of the following assumptions from the theory of consumer behavior?A) transitivity.B) preferences are complete.C) more is preferred to less.D) all of the aboveE) none of the above问题10 The slope of an indifference curve reveals:A) that preferences are complete.B) the marginal rate of substitution of one good for another good.C) the ratio of market prices.D) that preferences are transitive.E) none of the above问题11 Zoe is an executive at Dell Computer Company who is in charge of designing the next version of laptop computers. She will consider such features as screen size, weight, processor speed, and CD and DVD drives. Given the fact that it is costly to include more features in new products, why might Zoe be interested in data on how much consumers paid for a range of laptops with different attributes?A) in order to estimate willingness to pay for each feature.B) in order to set an optimal price for the laptops.C) in order to determine the best features to include.D) in order to estimate willingness to trade off one feature for another.E) all of the above问题12 In what ways can economists help auto manufacturers estimate the marginal rate of substitution between features such as vehicle interior size and acceleration?A) Examining production cost dataB) Conducting consumer surveys about willingness to pay for auto featuresC) Solving the standard consumer model D) Statistically analyzing historical data on purchases of different types of autosE) B and D only问题13 Indifference curves are convex to the origin because of:A) transitivity of consumer preferences.B) the assumption of a diminishing marginal rate of substitution.C) the assumption that more is preferred to less.D) the assumption of completeness.E) none of the above问题14 Suppose that a market basket of two goods is changed by adding more of one of the goods and subtracting one unit of the other. The consumer will:A) rank the market basket more highly after the change.B) rank the market basket more highly before the change.C) rank the market basket just as desirable as before.D) any one of the above statements may be true.问题15 If indifference curves cross, then:A) the assumption of a diminishing marginal rate of substitution is violated.B) the assumption of transitivity is violated.C) the assumption of completeness is violated.D) consumers minimize their satisfaction.E) all of the above问题16 Which of the following is true about the indifference curve where one commodity (such as pollution) is "bad"?A) It has a negative slope. .B) It has a positive slope.C) It is horizontal.D) It is vertical问题17 If indifference curves are concave to the origin, which assumption on preferences is violated?A) Diminishing marginal rates of substitutionB) Transitivity of preferencesC) More is preferred to lessD) Completeness问题18 Envision a graph with meat on the horizontal axis and vegetables on the vertical axis. A strict vegetarian would have indifference curves that are:A) vertical lines.B) horizontal lines.C) diagonal straight lines.D) right angles. E) upward sloping.问题19 Mikey is very picky and insists that his mom make his breakfast with equal parts of cereal and apple juice--any other combination and it ends up on the floor. Cereal costs 4 cents per tablespoon and apple juice costs 6 cents per tablespoon. If Mikey's mom budgets $8 per month for Mikey's breakfast, how much cereal and juice does she buy?A) 40 tablespoons each of cereal and juiceB) 80 tablespoons each of cereal and juiceC) 40 tablespoons of cereal and 75 tablespoons of juiceD) 100 tablespoons of cereal and 67 tablespoons of juice问题20 Jane is trying to decide which courses to take next semester. She has narrowed down her choice to two courses, Econ 1 and Econ 2. Now she is having trouble and cannot decide which of the two courses to take. It's not that she is indifferent between the two courses, she just cannot decide. An economist would say that this is an example of preferences that:A) are not transitive.B) are incomplete.C) violate the assumption that more is preferred to less.D) all of the aboveChapter 4问题1 As we move downward along a demand curve forapples,A) consumer well-being decreases.B) the marginal utility of apples decreases.C) the marginal utility of apples increases.D) Both A and B are true.E) Both A and C are true.问题2 The change in the price of one good has no effect on the quantity demanded of another good. These goods are:A) complements.B) substitutes.C) both inferior.D) both Giffen goods.E) none of the above问题3 The price of good A goes up. As a result the demand for good B shifts to the left. From this we can infer that:A) good A is a normal good.B) good B is an inferior good.C) goods A and B are substitutes.D) goods A and B are complements.E) none of the above问题4 An individual demand curve can be derived from the ______ curve.A) price-consumptionB) price-incomeC) income-substitutionD) income-consumptionE) Engel问题5 Which of the following claims is true at each point along a price-consumption curve?A) Utility is maximized but income is not all spent.B) All income is spent, but utility is not maximized.C) Utility is maximized, and all income is spent.D) The level of utility is constant.问题6 Which of the following is true regarding income along a price-consumption curve?A) Income is increasing.B) Income is decreasing.C) Income is constant.D) The level of income depends on the level of utility.问题7 Which of the following is true regarding utility along a price-consumption curve?A) It is constant.B) It changes from point to point.C) It changes only if income changes.D) It changes only for normal goods.问题8 The income-consumption curveA) illustrates the combinations of incomes needed with various levels of consumption of a good.B) is another name for income-demand curve.C) illustrates the utility-maximizing combinations of goods associated with every income level.D) shows the utility-maximizing quantity of some good (on the horizontal axis) as a function of income (on the vertical axis).问题9 Which of the following pairs of goods are NOT complements?A) Hockey sticks and hockey pucksB) Computer CPUs and computer monitorsC) On-campus student housing and off-campus rental apartments D) all of theaboveE) none of the above问题10 Which of the following goods has a low, but positive, income elasticity of demand?A) furniture.B) new cars.C) health insurance.D) all of the aboveE) none of the above问题11 If an Engel curve has a positive slopeA) both goods are normal.B) the good on the horizontal axis is normalC) as the price of the good on the horizontal axis increases, more of both goods in consumed.D) as the price of the good on the vertical axis increases, more of the good on the horizontal axis is consumed.问题12 Which of the following pairs of goods are substitutes?A) Baseball bats and baseballsB) Hot dogs and mustardC) Computer hardware and softwareD) Gasoline and motor oilE) Owner-occupied housing and rental housing问题13 When the income-consumption curve has a positive slope throughout its entire length, we can conclude thatA) both goods are inferior.B) both goods are normal.C) the good on the vertical (y) axis is inferior.D) the good on the horizontal (x) axis is inferior问题14 Consider two goods X and Y available for consumption. Assume that the price of X changes while the price of Y remains fixed. For these two goods, the price-consumptioncurve illustrates theA) relationship between the price of X and consumption of Y.B) utility-maximizing combinations of X and Y for each price of X.C) relationship between the price of Y and the consumption of X.D) utility-maximizing combinations of X and Y for each quantity of X.问题15 Consider a graph on which one good Y is on the vertical axis and the only other good X is on the horizontal axis. On this graph the income-consumption curve has a positive slope for low incomes, then it takes a zero slope for a higher income, and then it takes a negative slope for even higher incomes (the curve looks like an arc, first rising and then falling as income increases). This curve illustrates that, for all income levels,A) both X and Y are normal.B) only Y is normal.C) both X and Y are inferior.D) only X is normal.问题16 According to a survey by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, which of the following statements about annual U.S. household consumer expenditures is false?A) The income elasticity of demand for entertainment is positive.B) The income elasticity of demand for owner-occupied housing is positive.C) The income elasticity of demand for rental housing is positive.D) The income elasticity of demand for health care is positive.E) Average family expenditures increase with income.问题17 The income-consumption curve for Dana between Qa and Qb is given as: Qa = Qb. His budget constraint is given as:120 = Qa + 4QbHow much Qa will Dana consume to maximize utility?A) 0B) 24C) 30D) 60问题18 Jon's income-consumption curve is a straight line from the origin with a positiveslope. Now suppose that Jon's preferences change such that his income-consumption curve remains a straight line but rotates 15 degrees clockwise. Jon's demand curve for the good on thehorizontal axisA) will shift left.B) will shift right.C) will not change.D) might do any of the above.问题19 Suppose that a consumer regards two types of soap as perfect substitutes for one another. The price consumption path generated by changing the price of one type of soapA) is always upward sloping.B) is always horizontal.C) is always vertical.D) corresponds with the axis for the cheaper soap.E) corresponds with the axis for the more expensive soap.问题20 Your income response for bicycle riding changes with the amount of income you earn. At low levels of income, you view bicycle riding as an inferior good and substitute other types oftransportation (e.g., auto travel) as your income rises. However, you view bicycle riding as a normal good after your income rises above a particular level. What shape does your Engel curve for bicycle riding have?A) Vertical lineB) Horizontal lineC) C-shapedD) Upward slopingE) none of the aboveChapter 6问题1 A production function defines the output that can be producedA) at the lowest cost, given the inputs available.B) for the average firm.C) if the firm is technically efficient.D) in a given time period if no additional inputs are hired.E) as technology changes over time.问题2 A production function assumes a givenA) technology.B) set of input prices.C) ratio of input prices.D) amount of capital and labor.E) amount of output.问题3 A function that indicates the maximum output per unit of time that a firm can produce, for every combination of inputs with a given technology, is calledA) an isoquant.B) a production possibility curve.C) a production function.D) an isocost function.问题4 Which of the following inputs are variable in the long run?A) labor.B) capital and equipment.C) plant size.D) all of these.问题5 The short run isA) less than a year.B) three years.C) however long it takes to produce the planned output. D) a time period in which at least one input is fixed.E) a time period in which at least one set of outputs has been decided upon.问题6 Joe owns a small coffee shop, and his production function is q = 3KL where q is total output in cups per hour, K is the number of coffee machines (capital), and L is the number of employeeshired per hour (labor). If Joe's capital is currently fixed at K=3 machines, what is his short-run production function?A) q = 3LB) q = 3L2C) q = 9LD) q = 3K2问题7 For many firms, capital is the production input that is typically fixed in the short run. Which of the following firms would face the longest time required to adjust its capital inputs?A) Firm that makes DVD players.B) Computer chip fabricatorC) Flat-screen TV manufacturerD) Nuclear power plant问题8 We manufacturer automobiles given the production。