Unit2 词组和短语 2021-2022学年人教版八年级英语下册

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1 Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

短语:

1. clean up 打扫(清除)干净

2. cheer up 变得高兴;振奋起来

3. give out 分发;散发

4. used to 曾经……;过去……

5. give away 赠送;捐赠

6. set up 建起;设立

7. make a difference 影响;有作用

8. come up with 想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等)

9. put off 推迟

10. put up 张贴;搭建;举起

11. call up 打电话给(某人);征召

12. help out 帮助……摆脱困境

13. care for 照顾;非常喜欢

14. give up 放弃

2 15. try out 参加……选拔;试用

16. come true 实现

17. run out of 用尽;耗尽

18. take after (外貌或行为)像

19. fix up 修理;装饰

20. be similar to 与……相似

21. be strong in 擅长……

22. work out fine 奏效

23. be excited about 对……感到兴奋、激动

用法:

1. need to do sth 需要做某事

2. make plans to do sth 制订计划做某事

3. ask sb (not) to do sth 要求某人(不要)做某事

4. used to do sth 过去常常做某事

5. give up+时间+to do sth 腾出时间做某事

6. get a feeling of... 产生……的感觉

3 7. decide to do sth 决定做某事

8. help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

9. make a difference to doing对……产生影响

10. make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说成为可能

Section A

1. could “能,可以+原形 表示过去的能力时,是can的过去式。

2. clean up “打扫干净”

3. cheer up “振奋起来”

4. give out=hand out “分发”“发出(光、热、声音、气味等);用完,耗尽”

5. volunteer vi “自愿做,义务做”+in,for

volunteer vt “自愿做,义务做” volunteer to do sth

volunteer c.n “志愿者”

6. put off 推迟 put up 张贴 put back 放回原处,把(钟)拨慢

put out 熄灭 put down 放下 put one’s hear into 全神贯注

put on 穿上;上演;发胖 put away 收起来;放好

7. notice n. “通知;布告” notice v. “注意到,意识到”

4 notice sb do/doing sth 注意到某人做了/正在做某事

notice +that从句

8. come up with “想出,提出(主意,计划,回答等)=think up

come over 过来;顺便来访;拜访 come in 进来

come on 快点,加油 come out 出来;开花;(书等)出版

come up 走进;走上前来

9. used to do sth 过去常常做某事

be used to doing sth 习惯做某事

be used to do sth 被用来做某事

10. lonely adj. “孤独的,寂寞的”(指心灵上的孤独”);“偏僻的,人迹罕至的”

alone adv. “单独,独自”

alone adj. “独自的,单独的” (作表语)

11. care for=look after=take care of “照顾,照料” “非常喜欢”

care about “关心,在意”

12. several adj. “几个,一些”+c.n

5

13.

each adj 强调个性,着眼与整体中的个体,代词时,可与of连用。 Each school has its own

library.

pron He gave two to each.

every adj. 强调共性,着眼与整体,不与of连用 Every child was dressed in a

coat.

14. what,who,which,where,when,why,how+动词不定式

15.

such

如此 adj Such+a/an +adj+c.n单

Such+adj+c.n复/u.n

so

如此 adv So+adj+a/an+c.n单

So+many/much/few/little+n

16. satisfaction u.n “满足,满意”

be satisfied with=be pleased with “对......满意”

17. owner n. “主人” the owner of ... “.......的主人”

own adj. “自己的” (形容词性物主代词/名词所有格之后)

own v. “拥有”=have

6 of one’s own “属于某人自己的” on one’s own=alone “单独地”

18. try out “参加......选拔;试用” 常与for 连用。

19. go on a+n “进行.....” go on a trip

20. journey c.n “旅行,行程” (长途旅行)

21. 动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单三形式。

22. come true “实现”(主语常为梦想,愿望或目标等)

23. 宾语从句为疑问句时,要用陈述语序。

24. up常用短语:get up 起床 cut up 切碎 dress up 装扮

grow up 长大 give up 放弃 clean up 打扫干净

cheer up 振奋起来 call up 打电话 pick up 捡起

fix up 修理,装饰 set up 建起;设立

25. try to do sth 努力做某事,试图做某事(不一定能成功)

try doing sth 试着做某事

26.

a little 一点 u.n 肯定

little 几乎没有 u.n 否定

7

27. raise v. “举起,抬起;提高,养育”

raise money for... “为.....筹钱”

28. stop to do sth 停下来去做某事(停止原来的事去做另一件事)

stop doing sth 停止做某事(正在做的事)

29. one of+名词复数 “........之一”

one of +形容词最高级+名词复数 “最......之一”

Section B a few 一些,几个 c.n 肯定

few 几乎没有 c.n 否定

8 1. run out of =use up “用完......;从......跑出来”

run out “用尽,耗尽” (主语为物,后不接宾语)

2. take after“(外貌/行为)像”=be similar to

look like “看上去像.....” (多指外貌,即可人也可物)

be like “像.....”(外貌及性格)

3. fix up “修理,装饰” “安排(会议,活动等)”

4. be similar to “与.....相像,类似”

be similar in sth “在某方面相似”

5. letter n “信,字母”

write a letter to sb=write sb a letter=write to sb “给某人写信

6.thank you for(doing)sth=thanks for (doing)sth “因(做)某事而感谢你

7.give sth to sb=give sb sth

8.set up “建立,设立”(常接组织,机构,团体等词,eg:school,hospital,government,company等)

9. disabled adj. “丧失能力的,有残疾的”

the disabled “残疾人” the+形容词表示一类人,为复数概念。

10.make it possible for sb to do sth “使某人做某事成为可能”(it为形式

9 宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式)

11.make a difference to doing sth “对.....产生影响” (to为介词后可加Ving)

12.imagine v. “想象,设想”+doing sth

13.difficulty c.n “困难,难题” difficult adj. “困难的”

have difficulty (in) doing sth “做某事有困难”

14.

bring 带来 单程

take 拿走 单程

get/fetch 去拿;去取 双程

carry 拿着,提着,运载 无方向性

15. a friend of mine =one of my friends“我的一位朋友”

16.help sb out “帮助某人摆脱困境,帮助某人解决难题”

17. train v. “训练,培训”

train sb/sth to do sth “训练某人/某事做某事

train sb in sth 在某方面训练/培养某人

a special trained dog “一只经过特殊训练的狗” (过去分词作定语,所修饰名词与过去分词存在被动关系)

18. excited 主语一般为人 exciting 主语一般为物