课业设计2(商业决策)
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商务分析软件课程设计案例一、课程目标知识目标:1. 学生能理解商务分析软件的基本概念、功能及在商业决策中的作用。
2. 学生掌握至少一种商务分析软件的基本操作,如Excel、SPSS、SAS等。
3. 学生能运用商务分析软件进行数据整理、统计分析、预测模型构建等。
技能目标:1. 学生具备运用商务分析软件处理实际商务问题的能力。
2. 学生能通过软件分析数据,提炼有效信息,为商业决策提供支持。
3. 学生能够独立完成商务分析报告的撰写,具备良好的数据展示和沟通技巧。
情感态度价值观目标:1. 学生养成对数据分析的兴趣和热情,认识到数据分析在商业领域的重要性。
2. 学生具备良好的团队合作精神,能够在团队项目中发挥积极作用。
3. 学生能够遵循数据分析的伦理规范,尊重数据真实性,树立正确的数据价值观。
本课程旨在培养学生的商务分析能力,结合课程性质、学生特点和教学要求,将目标分解为具体的学习成果。
通过本课程的学习,使学生能够掌握商务分析软件的基本操作,运用数据分析方法解决实际问题,并具备良好的情感态度和价值观。
为后续的教学设计和评估提供明确的方向。
二、教学内容1. 商务分析软件概述- 数据分析在商务领域的应用- 常见商务分析软件介绍(如Excel、SPSS、SAS等)2. 数据整理与清洗- 数据导入、导出与转换- 数据清洗方法与技巧- 数据整合与预处理3. 数据统计分析- 描述性统计分析- 假设检验与推断统计- 相关分析与回归分析4. 预测模型构建- 时间序列预测法- 回归预测法- 机器学习算法简介5. 商务分析报告撰写- 数据可视化与图表制作- 报告结构与写作技巧- 案例分析与实战演练6. 商务分析软件应用实例- 行业案例解析- 实际操作演练- 团队项目实践教学内容根据课程目标进行选择和组织,保证科学性和系统性。
教学大纲明确教学内容安排和进度,与教材章节相对应,涵盖商务分析软件的基本概念、数据处理、统计分析、预测模型构建、报告撰写及实际应用等方面。
Sales planning and operationAssignment 2Finance and Management Department, BITCName:Shao YuanyuanDongYaxianNo:2112Hand in date:_________ContentsTask 11.1 To explain how sales strategies are developed in line with corporate objectives (1)1.2.To explain the importance of recruitment and selection procedures............. (2)1.3.To evaluate the role of motivation, remuneration and training in sales management (3)1.4.To explain how to develop the sales staff's personal sales target, and how to convert sales plan to sales……………………………………………………………1.5.To explain CRM and the use of databases in effective sales management …………References………………………………………………………………………………IntroductionIn April 2014, huiyuan juice drinks can complement to launch its first vitality - Freenergy can fly, juice content is 10%, the target audience is fond of sports fitness, the movement as a part of life is the movement of life. The products contain a variety of natural vitamins and electrolytes. Among them, the electrolyte can quickly replenish the body sweat loss of sodium, potassium, and fruit juice and B vitamins can provide essential vitamins, promote the body metabolism and antioxidant ability, can quickly replenish nutrition after motion, restores the physical strength. , make after exercise can quickly replenish nutrition, restore physical strength.Task 1Freenergy fly the target audience can juice is fond of sports fitness, the movement as a part of life is the movement of life. Its corporate goal is expected in 2015-2017, huiyuan juice occupies 100% pure juice 60.8% market share, in the high concentration of fruit juice to occupy the market share of 50%. In the near future, dominate in the fruit juice industry.in view of the target enterprise how to carry out a series of marketing activitiesIn view of the target enterprise, some marketing strategy.Push strategy: enterprise middleman as the main promotional objects, through the sales people work, the product sales distribution channels, finally on the target market, to the consumers.Sales promotion activity(1) set up in each big supermarket Freenergy can fly juice products end frame or stacking, and send out sales people directly contact with customers, negotiate, advertising goods, to reach the purpose of promoting sales activities.(2). In each big prosperous area set up medium cp point over the weekend, someto buy a gift or la tombola activities, stimulate the desire of consumers.(3) attached to the present strategy, buy two bottles of 500 ml, exquisite will be presented to the pad.(4) lottery promotion strategy, every bottle packing inside has a set of lottery number, buy any bottle of a chance to win prizes.Pull strategy: take the indirect way, through measures such as advertising and public promotion strategy.(1) television advertising(2) the outdoor advertising, signs, outdoor posters in public places such as bus.(3) the newspapers and magazines(4) the network marketing1.2 explain the importance of recruiting and selection of sales staff members, combined with the enterprise property analysis, pleasewhat is the recruitment and selection? Why do you say the recruitment and selection is very important?Recruitment refers to the organization in a timely manner to find, attract and encourage qualified person, to the office and working process of the organization.recruitment and selectionRecruitment refers to the organization in a timely manner to find, attract and encourage qualified person, to the office and working process of the organization. Recruitment, personnel equipped with one of the key steps in, because the job is good or bad, among other things, not only directly affect the manning and for the whole management process, and even the entire organization's activities, also has a very important and far-reaching influence.selection refers to choose the most appropriate organizational positions from applicant requirements of the process, including the preliminary screening, written test, interview, scenario analysis, psychological testing, physical examination, personal data verification, etc.the important of recruitment and selectionThe selection is very important. Selection takes time and money, once the failure, the cost down. Selection of failure can lead to the recruitment efficiency is low. The importance of the selection, but also reflect on the value creation. Selection of success, to obtain the ideal human resources, to promote the realization of the organization's strategic goals bring more surplus value.Recruitment of sales department of design work instructionThe sales representative job responsibilities:1, responsible for the company's products sales and promotion;2, according to the marketing plan, finish the sales target;3, open up new markets, develop new customers, increase product sales range;4, responsible for market information collection jurisdiction and competitor analysis;5, responsible for the sales area sales activities planning and execution, complete the sales task;6 between the management and maintenance of customer relationship and customer long-term strategic cooperation plan.Recruitment planExternal recruitment is organized according to set standards and procedures, from the organization's external selection to meet the requirements of open positions.Adopt the method of campus recruitment and website recruitment. In each big media website advertising.Huiyuan juice company enterprise campus recruitment sales representative design First, purpose and significance of campus recruitmentFresh out of college students of the campus, they are full of passion, high plasticity, good at discovering the problem. For a batch of talents with professional knowledge, can enrich the professional personnel of the enterprise, is helpful to realize the sustainable development of enterprises.Second, the recruitment requirements(a) job: sales representative(2) the hiring: 5(3) the specific requirements1, college degree or above, marketing or related major;2, responsive, expression ability is strong, have strong communication skills and communication skills, with affinity;3, have a certain market analysis and judgment ability, good customer service consciousness;4, has the sense of responsibility, can work under high pressure;5, has the team cooperation spirit, good at challengethe recruitment process(a) collect resumes1. The network recruitmentRecruitment information posted on the website in the enterprise, to provide "the campus recruitment application form" to download, and through the E-mail to collect your resume.2. Attend the campus talkEnterprises with universities, coordinate with time and place, a campus talk. During the briefing session to issue "the campus recruitment application form". Completed by the students after submitted at the time.(2) the resume screeningHr screening the resume collection, preliminary determine the candidate list, and publish the interview notification.(3) the written test1. Problem solving ability test2. Professional skills testThe object of this recruitment are technical personnel, you must set up professional skills test. Professional skills test by the technical department is responsible for the design written on topics related to business and problem solving.(4) the interview1. The first tryThe human resources department notify by written exam candidates to participate in the first try. Qualifying examination shall be conducted by the human resources department organization, the key is the comprehensive quality assessment of candidates.2. The second interviewHr notification by the first candidate to attend the second interview, second-round exam by the related technical department of department managers, technical personnel organization, and the assessment focuses on the candidate's technical application ability.3: pay structure: salary + commission way to reward our employees, salary is fixed, so we will raise the amount of commission, so can effectively improve the new employees work enthusiasm. High commission will not only effectively improve the work enthusiasm, will also retain more and better sales staff, also attract more excellent sales staff to our company.1.4.To explain how to develop the sales staff's personal sales target, and how to convert sales plan to salesPerformance evaluation assessment standards and salesWith the increasingly fierce competition in domestic market, the market marketing activities in the core position in the business activity increasingly obvious, sales staff as the direct creator of enterprise economic benefit and implementers, is becoming more and more important in the position and role of the enterprise, so enterprise want to retain and attract more sales personnel, should also strengthen the management of the sales staff performance appraisal. We emphasize the superior when communicating with lower fill in progress review must agree with employees. Superior to try to listen to the opinions of the staff, encourage them to express their concerns, positive guidance, for employees complain thinking from the perspective of employees, understand the feelings of others.A. quantitative management standards: the inspection standard must be objective, quantitative expression is the objective. Many times the enterprise performance appraisal not in place, as to go through the motions, because the standard is too vague, asked not to quantify.B. a good state of mind: the implementation of performance appraisal for enterprises must have the corresponding cultural background, require employees have certain professional quality. In fact, the outstanding staff do not fear, even welcome the inspection.C. and compensation: and pay is not linked to performance appraisal is meaningless, the inspection must be linked to interest, and pay, will be able to cause the attention of enterprises from top to bottom and seriously.The principle of performance appraisal:Assessment of the performance of sales staff standard has two kinds:So when enterprise evaluation sales staff performance appraisal should consider:So based on the above understanding, big companies like huiyuan, when making sales personnel performance appraisal standards also need according to each person pay for certain reward incentives. The importance of the sales staff will inevitably affect the company profits, so a good fair performance standard will improve sales staff's work enthusiasm.The company's salary arrangement:Sales staff of the base salary of 2000 yuan each month + plus monthly meal, transportation and so on a total of 500 + perfect attendance (200 yuan) + sales commissions (more than 10% of the standard performance - 305, with a base salary multiplied by 20% of the reward, a total of 400 yuan, more than the standard 30% - 50%, with a base salary multiplied by 50% of the reward, a total of 1000 yuan.)We have the reward of the spiritual and material rewardTask 4.3The type of sales organization has the following kinds:In each sector huiyuan company internal need of coordination, so they in order to make the whole big companieseffectively smooth operation, they use type is the division of the organization chart. And like huiyuan collection research and development, sales in one of the big companies are also more needs to be more rigorous organization to help operation.Task4.3 sales management is how to organize the sales activities and control salesSales need to study and determine how to form a sales organization structure, determine the number of people Marketing Department, sales budget funds, and sales staff recruitment method and qualification requirements.In the process of the formulation and implementation of sales plan, how to organize the sales department, how to divide up the sales area, how to form a sales team and arrange sales staff work task is a very important work. Sales department need according to the size of the target sales, sales regions, the setting of sales agents and sales branches, to evaluate sales staff's quality level and other factors, to determine the size of the sales organization and sales branch set upThe sales staff sales, general quantity of the products according to the sales staff sales or sales amount to measure. In addition, the sales staff sales of the products by the profit contribution, is another measure of sales staff sales performance. For some need to repeat purchase products customers, sales staff to maintain a relationship with this kind of customers. The ability to maintain business relationships with customers and after-sales service to the customer quality is also an important evaluation factor. Sales staff performance appraisal is an important work of the sales department must ensure that the established work plan and sales target to complete, need to have a systematic monitoring and evaluation program and the completion of the target. Sales staff performance evaluation generally includes check each sales staff sales, including product sales, achieve sales target and schedule, number of visits to customers, and other work.1.5. Customer relationship management, the effective customer relationship management in the role of the databaseThe definition of database marketingis a form of direct marketing using databases of customers or potential customers to generate personalized communications in order to promote a product or service for marketing purposes.11Baesens Bart, Stijn Viaene, Dirk Van den Poel, Jan Vanthienen, and Guido Dedene (2002), “Bayesian Neural Network Learning for Repeat Purchase Modelling in Direct Marketing”, European Journal of Operational Research, 138 (1), 191-211.The advantages of Database marketingAccurately find the target groupReduce the costEnhance customer loyaltyA new development strategyHidden marketing more secureCollect customer information database marketing and database marketing programDatabase marketing applications can be divided logically between those marketing programs that reach existing customers and those that are aimed at prospective customers.Consumer dataIn general, database marketers seek to have as much data available about customers and prospects as possible.For marketing to existing customers, more sophisticated marketers often build elaborate databases of customer information. These may include a variety of data, including name and address, history of shopping and purchases, demographics, and th e history of past communications to and from customers. For larger companies with millions of customers, such data warehouses can often be multiple terabytes in size. Marketing to prospects relies extensively on third-party sources of data. In most developed countries, there are a number of providers of such data. Such data is usually restricted to name, address, and telephone, along with demographics, some supplied by consumers, and others inferred by the data compiler. Companies may also acquire prospect data directly through the use of sweepstakes, contests, on-line registrations, and other lead generation activities.22Prinzie Anita, Dirk Van den Poel (2005), "Constrained optimization of data-mining problems to improve model performance: A direct-marketing application", Expert Systems with Applications, 29 (3), 630-640.Business dataFor many business-to-business (B2B) c ompany marketers, the number of customers and prospects will be smaller than that of comparable business-to-consumer (B2C) companies. Also, their relationships with customers will often rely on intermediaries, such as salespeople, agents, and dealers, and the number of transactions per customer may be small. As a result, business-to-business marketers may not have as much data at their disposal as business-to-consumer marketers.3One other complication is that B2B marketers in targeting teams or "accounts" and not individuals may produce many contacts from a single organization. Determining which contact to communicate with through direct marketing may be difficult. On the other hand it is the database for business-to-business marketers which often includes data on the business activity about the respective client.These data become critical to segment markets or define target audiences, e.g. purchases of software license renewals by telecom companies could help identify which technologist is in charge of software installations vs. software procurement, etc. Customers in Business-to-Business environments often tend to be loyal since they need after-sales-service for their products and appreciate information on product upgrades and service offerings. This loyalty can be tracked by a database.4Sources of customer data often come from the sales force employed by the company and from the service engineers. Increasingly, online interactions with customers are providing B2B marketers with a lower cost source of customer information.For prospect data, businesses can purchase data from compilers of business data, as well as gather information from their direct sales efforts, on-line sites, and specialty publications.Program3David Shepard Associates (1999), The New Direct Marketing: How to Implement AProfit-Driven Database Marketing Strategy, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.4Van den Poel Dirk (2003), “Predicting Mail-Order Repeat Buying: Which Variables Matter?”, Tijdschrift voor Economie & Management, 48 (3), 371-403Database marketing is generally through data collection, data storage, data processing, looking for the ideal consumer, use data, improve the data, and so on six basic process.5For Freenergy fly to product design a database marketing solutionsPlanUsing mobile phone short message, edit web site, the combination of double tenth day promotional messages, attract more consumers.Scheme 2In life magazine joint sina started a website, called "healthy life", according to their target consumers, is also the goal of life magazine readers, this is the same. The electronic magazine by self-built EDMSYS platform, for the first time send to the target readers, at low cost and get the reader's feedback in timeReferences【1】Prinzie Anita, Dirk Van den Poel (2005), "Constrained optimization of data-mining problems to improve model performance: A direct-marketing application", Expert Systems with Applications, 29 (3), 630-640.【2】David Shepard Associates (1999), The New Direct Marketing: How to Implement A Profit-Driven Database Marketing Strategy, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.【3】Van den Poel Dirk (2003), “Predicting Mail-Order Repeat Buying: Which Variables Matter?”, Tijdschrift voor Economie & Management, 48 (3), 371-403【4】Baesens Bart, Stijn Viaene, Dirk Van den Poel, Jan Vanthienen, and Guido Dedene (2002), “Bayesian Neural Network Learning for Repeat Purchase Modelling in Direct Marketing”, European Journal of Operational Research, 138 (1), 191-211.【5】Hughes, Arthur M. (2000), Strategic Database Marketing: The Masterplan for Starting and Managing a Profitable Customer-Based Marketing Program, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.5Hughes, Arthur M. (2000), Strategic Database Marketing: The Masterplan for Starting and Managing a Profitable Customer-Based Marketing Program, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.David Shepard Associates (1999), The New Direct Marketing: How to ImplementA Profit-Driven Database Marketing Strategy, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York。
销售管理分析与决策课程设计一、课程设计背景在当今高度竞争的市场环境下,研究销售管理分析与决策非常必要。
销售管理分析与决策是现代销售管理的核心,包括了销售数据统计分析、销售业绩评估、销售策略规划、销售决策和执行等方面。
因此,学生必须掌握相关的知识和技能,从而能够更好地适应未来的工作环境。
本次课程设计将集中关注销售管理分析与决策,旨在培养学生对销售管理的理解和分析能力,为将来的职业发展打下基础。
二、课程设计目标本课程的主要目标是:1.理解销售管理的基本概念及其重要性;2.掌握销售数据统计分析和销售业绩评估的方法和技巧;3.学会制定销售策略和进行销售决策;4.熟悉销售执行和监督的关键环节。
三、课程设计内容和方法1. 销售管理概论1.1 销售管理的义务和作用 1.2 销售管理的基本要素 1.3 销售管理的组织和结构2. 销售数据统计分析和业绩评估2.1 销售数据统计分析 2.2 销售业绩评估3. 销售策略规划和销售决策3.1 销售策略规划 3.2 销售决策4. 销售执行和监督4.1 销售执行的组织和管理 4.2 销售监督和控制本课程将采用讲授、讨论、案例分析、模拟实践等多种教学方法,以帮助学生更深入地了解销售管理和销售决策。
特别是,本课程将注重实践和案例分析,尽量通过真实案例帮助学生直接理解销售管理和决策的核心概念。
四、课程设计评估本课程的评估将采用多种方式,包括:1.课堂出席率 (30%)2.小组讨论与演讲 (30%)3.期末考试 (40%)其中,小组讨论与演讲的具体内容将根据老师的要求和学生的实际情况进行调整。
期末考试将涵盖各个知识点,并且注重学生的应用能力和理解能力。
五、课程设计的考虑和建议本课程设计旨在培养学生对销售管理的理解和分析能力,并为将来的职业发展打下基础。
为实现这一目标,有以下一些考虑和建议:1.注重理论基础和实践综合:本课程应注重教学内容的理论基础,让学生了解销售管理的核心概念和理论,并引导学生将其与实际问题结合起来分析和解决。
研究生:大数据分析与商业决策——数据挖掘与商务智能教案引言当今的商业世界中,大数据分析和商业决策成为了企业发展中的两个关键领域。
企业需要深入了解自己的客户、市场和业务环境,以便做出准确的商业决策。
这就需要大数据分析和商务智能的支持。
因此,在研究生阶段,学生需要全面掌握如何进行数据挖掘和商务智能分析,以应对商业领域的挑战。
在本教案中,我们将介绍大数据分析和商业决策中的关键概念和技术,并提供学生必要的指导和实践活动,以帮助他们在未来的职业生涯中成功应对商业挑战。
大数据分析的基本概念什么是大数据分析?大数据分析是指对大规模、高速度和多样化数据进行收集、存储、管理、处理和分析的过程。
它旨在从数据中提取有用的信息和洞察力,为企业决策提供支持。
大数据分析的重要性随着互联网和移动技术的快速发展,企业面对的数据规模越来越庞大。
这些数据包含着宝贵的信息,可以帮助企业更好地了解市场、客户需求和竞争环境。
通过分析大数据,企业可以发现潜在的商机、优化业务流程、提高效率和增强竞争力。
大数据分析的应用场景大数据分析在各个行业中都有广泛的应用。
例如,零售商可以通过分析销售数据来了解客户需求,并制定更精确的市场策略。
银行可以通过分析客户交易数据来发现欺诈行为。
医疗行业可以通过分析患者数据来改善疾病诊断和治疗方法。
商务智能的基本概念什么是商务智能?商务智能是指使用数据分析和数据可视化技术来提取和展示企业数据中隐藏的洞察力和价值。
它帮助企业管理人员和决策者更好地理解业务运营,并做出明智的商业决策。
商务智能的重要性在竞争激烈的商业环境中,企业需要及时了解自己的业务状况,以便做出快速反应和明智的决策。
商务智能通过数据可视化和报表分析等方式,帮助企业管理层直观地了解关键业务指标和趋势,从而支持决策和执行。
商务智能的应用场景商务智能在企业中的应用非常广泛。
企业可以使用商务智能工具来追踪销售和市场数据,了解产品销售情况和市场趋势。
还可以使用商务智能工具来管理供应链和库存,优化生产计划和物流运营。
商科课程设计教学计划一、引言商科课程在现代社会教育中具有重要地位。
商科课程设计教学计划的目标是培养学生的商业思维能力和创新能力,以应对不断变化的商业环境。
本文将从教学主题、活动安排和教材使用等方面展开讨论。
二、教学主题1. 商业环境与趋势商科课程的主题之一是了解和分析商业环境与趋势。
在此主题下,学生将学习如何评估当前的商业环境,包括市场竞争情况、消费者行为以及政策变化等因素。
他们将通过案例分析和小组讨论来深入了解商业环境的特点和趋势。
2. 商业模型和策略商业模型和策略是商科课程的另一个重要主题。
学生将学习各种商业模型,如供应链管理、营销策略和创新管理等。
通过案例研究和实践项目,学生将学会选择和应用适合不同商业场景的模型和策略,为企业的发展提供有效的指导。
3. 创业与创新创业与创新是商科课程的核心主题之一。
通过学习创业理论和实践案例,学生将了解创业过程中的机遇与挑战,并学会制定创新的商业计划。
他们还将参与模拟创业项目,锻炼创业技能和团队合作能力。
三、活动安排1. 实地考察为了让学生更好地了解商业环境和实践,教学计划将安排实地考察活动。
学生将参观不同类型的企业,与企业管理者和员工进行交流,并对企业的运营和管理进行观察和分析。
通过实地考察,学生将能够将理论知识与实际应用相结合,获得更全面的商业视角。
2. 基于案例的讨论在教学计划中,将安排基于实际案例的讨论活动。
通过分析和讨论真实的商业案例,学生将能够提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。
这种互动的学习方式能够激发学生的思维,培养他们的批判性思维和团队合作能力。
3. 小组项目小组项目是商科课程设计教学计划的另一个重要组成部分。
学生将组成小组,共同完成一项商业项目。
这可以是一个市场调研项目、一个商业计划书的撰写、或者一个创新产品的设计等。
通过小组项目,学生将学会团队合作和项目管理技能,提高创造性思维和实践能力。
四、教材使用教材的选择对于商科课程设计教学计划至关重要。
商务决策与建模课程设计一、课程目标知识目标:1. 学生能理解商务决策的基本概念,掌握常用的决策方法和工具。
2. 学生能掌握建模的基本原理,运用适当的模型进行商务决策分析。
3. 学生能了解不同决策模型在实际商务情境中的应用和优劣。
技能目标:1. 学生能运用决策方法和工具,解决实际问题,提出合理的商务决策方案。
2. 学生能运用建模软件或工具,构建简单的决策模型,进行数据分析和预测。
3. 学生能在团队协作中,发挥个人专长,共同完成商务决策项目。
情感态度价值观目标:1. 学生能认识到商务决策在企业和组织中的重要性,培养对商务决策的兴趣和热情。
2. 学生能在面对复杂问题时,保持冷静和客观,形成批判性思维和问题解决能力。
3. 学生能在团队合作中,学会尊重他人意见,形成良好的沟通与协作能力。
课程性质:本课程为高年级商务专业课程,旨在帮助学生掌握商务决策的理论知识,培养实际应用能力。
学生特点:学生具备一定的商务基础知识和逻辑思维能力,但可能对决策建模的实际应用较为陌生。
教学要求:结合实际案例,注重理论与实践相结合,提高学生的实际操作能力和解决问题的能力。
通过小组讨论、汇报等形式,培养学生的沟通与协作能力。
在教学过程中,关注学生的情感态度价值观的培养,使他们在掌握知识技能的同时,形成正确的价值观。
最终,将课程目标分解为具体的学习成果,以便进行后续的教学设计和评估。
二、教学内容本课程教学内容主要包括以下几部分:1. 商务决策基本概念:决策的类型、过程和影响因素,决策者在商务决策中的角色和责任。
教材章节:第一章“商务决策概述”2. 决策方法与工具:分析常用的决策方法,如SWOT分析、PEST分析、多属性决策等,以及决策工具,如决策树、风险分析等。
教材章节:第二章“决策方法与工具”3. 建模基本原理:介绍建模的基本概念、分类和过程,重点讲解线性规划、非线性规划、整数规划等建模方法。
教材章节:第三章“建模基本原理”4. 商务决策模型应用:分析实际商务场景中的决策问题,运用合适的模型进行案例分析,如库存管理、生产计划、投资决策等。
商业计划培训课程设计一、课程目标知识目标:1. 学生能理解商业计划的基本结构和要素,掌握商业计划书撰写的基本步骤。
2. 学生能掌握市场分析、竞争对手分析、营销策略等商业计划核心内容的相关知识。
3. 学生了解企业运营的基本原理,并能将其与商业计划相结合。
技能目标:1. 学生具备独立完成商业计划书撰写的能力,包括收集数据、分析数据、撰写文案等。
2. 学生能够运用所学知识对实际案例进行分析,提出改进意见和建议。
3. 学生通过小组合作,提高沟通协调、团队协作能力。
情感态度价值观目标:1. 学生培养对创业和商业计划的兴趣,激发创新精神和实践能力。
2. 学生认识到商业计划对企业发展的重要性,增强对企业社会责任的认识。
3. 学生在团队合作中,学会尊重他人、倾听意见,培养积极向上的价值观。
课程性质:本课程为实践性较强的学科,结合理论知识与实际操作,培养学生的商业素养和创业能力。
学生特点:学生处于高年级阶段,具备一定的自主学习能力和批判性思维,对商业领域有一定了解。
教学要求:教师需引导学生将理论知识与实际案例相结合,注重培养学生的实践操作能力,同时关注学生的情感态度价值观培养。
通过课程目标的分解,使学生在学习过程中实现知识、技能和情感态度价值观的全面提升。
二、教学内容1. 商业计划基本概念与结构- 介绍商业计划的概念、作用和基本结构。
- 分析商业计划的核心要素,如执行摘要、公司描述、市场分析、营销策略、财务预测等。
2. 市场分析与竞争对手分析- 探讨市场分析的步骤和方法,包括市场规模、目标客户、市场趋势等。
- 分析竞争对手的优势与劣势,制定应对策略。
3. 营销策略与销售计划- 介绍营销组合策略,包括产品、价格、渠道、推广等方面的内容。
- 制定具体的销售计划,明确销售目标、策略和实施步骤。
4. 财务分析与预测- 指导学生掌握财务报表的基本知识,如资产负债表、利润表等。
- 学习财务预测方法,包括收入预测、成本预测和现金流预测。
一、课程基本信息1. 课程名称:商业管理2. 课程代码:XX0033. 适用对象:本科生、研究生4. 学时:32学时5. 学分:2学分6. 考核方式:平时成绩+期末考试二、课程目标1. 让学生掌握商业管理的基本理论和方法。
2. 培养学生具备商业分析和决策能力。
3. 增强学生的商业实践能力和创新意识。
4. 提高学生的团队协作和沟通能力。
三、教学内容1. 商业管理概述- 商业活动的基本概念- 商业组织结构- 商业环境分析2. 市场营销- 市场营销组合- 市场调研与预测- 产品策略、价格策略、渠道策略、促销策略3. 人力资源管理- 人力资源规划- 招聘与配置- 培训与开发- 绩效管理- 薪酬管理4. 财务管理- 财务报表分析- 资金管理- 成本管理- 投资管理- 税收管理5. 企业战略管理- 企业战略分析- 战略选择与实施- 企业创新四、教学方法1. 讲授法:系统讲解商业管理的基本理论和方法。
2. 案例分析法:通过实际案例分析,提高学生的商业分析和决策能力。
3. 小组讨论法:培养学生团队协作和沟通能力,激发学生的创新意识。
4. 角色扮演法:让学生身临其境地体验商业管理过程,提高实践能力。
5. 课堂提问法:检验学生对知识的掌握程度,提高学生的思考能力。
五、教学步骤与时间分配1. 第一周:商业管理概述(2学时)2. 第二周:市场营销(4学时)3. 第三周:人力资源管理(4学时)4. 第四周:财务管理(4学时)5. 第五周:企业战略管理(4学时)6. 第六周:课程总结与案例分析(4学时)六、教学评价1. 平时成绩:课堂参与、小组讨论、作业完成情况等(30%)2. 期末考试:笔试,包括选择题、判断题、简答题、论述题等(70%)七、教学资源1. 教材:《商业管理》2. 教学参考书:《市场营销》、《人力资源管理》、《财务管理》等3. 案例库:收集国内外优秀商业案例4. 网络资源:相关学术网站、企业官方网站等八、教学预期效果通过本课程的学习,学生能够:1. 理解商业管理的基本理论和方法。
课程目标:1. 帮助学生理解商业课程的核心概念和理论。
2. 培养学生运用商业思维分析实际问题的能力。
3. 提升学生的创新意识和团队协作能力。
4. 使学生掌握商业策略制定和执行的基本方法。
课程内容:一、引言1. 课程背景介绍2. 课程目标阐述3. 课程结构概述二、模块一:商业基础理论1. 商业模式概述2. 企业战略管理3. 市场营销原理4. 组织行为学基础三、模块二:市场分析与定位1. 市场调研方法2. 市场细分与目标市场选择3. 市场竞争分析4. 品牌定位策略四、模块三:产品创新与商业模式设计1. 产品创新理念与方法2. 产品生命周期管理3. 商业模式设计框架4. 商业模式创新案例分析五、模块四:营销策略与执行1. 营销组合策略2. 数字营销与社交媒体营销3. 营销渠道管理4. 营销预算与绩效评估六、模块五:企业战略与财务管理1. 企业战略规划2. 财务报表分析3. 投资与融资决策4. 财务风险与控制七、模块六:创业与企业管理1. 创业精神与创业计划2. 企业管理原则与方法3. 领导力与团队建设4. 企业可持续发展教学活动设计:一、课堂讲授1. 结合案例,深入浅出地讲解理论知识。
2. 引导学生思考,培养学生的批判性思维。
二、小组讨论1. 分组讨论,让学生就课程内容进行交流与分享。
2. 鼓励学生提出自己的观点,培养团队协作能力。
三、案例分析1. 选择具有代表性的商业案例,让学生进行分析与讨论。
2. 通过案例分析,提高学生的实际操作能力。
四、角色扮演1. 设计模拟商业场景,让学生扮演不同角色,进行角色扮演活动。
2. 通过角色扮演,让学生亲身体验商业决策过程。
五、作业与实训1. 布置课后作业,巩固所学知识。
2. 安排实训项目,让学生将所学知识应用于实践。
教学评价:一、课堂表现1. 参与度2. 发言质量3. 团队协作能力二、作业与实训1. 作业完成情况2. 实训项目成果三、案例分析1. 分析深度2. 创新思维教学资源:一、教材与参考书籍1. 《商业基础》2. 《市场营销》3. 《企业战略管理》二、案例库1. 国内外知名企业案例2. 创业案例三、网络资源1. 商业网站2. 学术论文数据库课程总结:通过本课程的学习,使学生掌握商业知识体系,提高商业思维和分析能力,为将来从事商业活动打下坚实基础。
商务决策实训课程设计一、课程目标知识目标:1. 学生能理解商务决策的基本概念、原则和类型。
2. 学生能掌握商务决策的流程、方法和工具。
3. 学生能了解影响商务决策的内外部因素。
技能目标:1. 学生能运用所学的决策方法分析实际问题,提出解决方案。
2. 学生能运用决策工具进行数据分析和风险评估。
3. 学生具备团队协作能力,能在小组讨论中积极参与,共同完成决策任务。
情感态度价值观目标:1. 学生能认识到商务决策在企业运营中的重要性,增强决策意识。
2. 学生能在面对复杂问题时,保持积极的态度,勇于承担责任。
3. 学生能树立正确的价值观,遵循道德和法律规范,做出符合企业和社会利益的决策。
本课程针对高年级学生,结合商务学科特点,注重培养学生的实际操作能力和团队协作精神。
课程目标具体、可衡量,旨在帮助学生掌握商务决策的基本知识和技能,提高解决实际问题的能力,同时培养学生的情感态度和价值观,为未来的职业发展打下坚实基础。
二、教学内容1. 商务决策基本概念与原则- 决策的定义、特点与分类- 决策的原则与误区2. 商务决策流程与方法- 决策的识别、分析与评价- 决策方案的选择与实施- 决策的跟踪与调整3. 商务决策工具与技术- 数据分析工具(如Excel、SPSS等)- 风险评估方法(如SWOT分析、决策树等)- 决策支持系统(如ERP、DSS等)4. 影响商务决策的因素- 内部因素:企业资源、组织结构、企业文化等- 外部因素:市场环境、竞争对手、政策法规等5. 商务决策案例分析- 选取具有代表性的企业决策案例进行分析- 案例涉及市场定位、产品策略、人力资源等方面6. 团队协作与决策实训- 小组讨论、角色扮演等教学活动- 实训项目:针对实际问题进行决策分析,提出解决方案教学内容依据课程目标,结合课本知识体系,注重科学性和系统性。
教学大纲明确,涵盖商务决策的基本概念、流程、方法和影响因素,以及实际案例分析。
通过实训项目,培养学生实际操作能力,加强团队协作精神。
一、课程背景随着我国经济的快速发展,商业活动日益活跃,商业知识的需求也越来越大。
为满足社会对商业知识的需求,提高学生的商业素养,特设计本商业活动课程。
二、课程目标1. 使学生了解商业活动的本质和规律,掌握商业运作的基本知识和技能。
2. 培养学生的商业思维和创新能力,提高学生的市场分析、决策和营销能力。
3. 增强学生的团队协作能力,提高学生的沟通协调和人际交往能力。
4. 为学生提供实际操作机会,提高学生的实际操作能力和就业竞争力。
三、课程内容1. 商业基础知识:商业活动概述、市场营销、财务管理、企业战略管理等。
2. 商业技能培训:市场调研、商业计划书撰写、商业谈判、项目管理等。
3. 商业案例分析:国内外著名企业案例分析,引导学生分析商业活动的成功与失败原因。
4. 商业实践活动:组织学生参加商业竞赛、模拟商业活动等,提高学生的实际操作能力。
四、教学方法1. 讲授法:系统讲解商业基础知识,帮助学生建立商业思维框架。
2. 案例分析法:通过案例分析,引导学生运用所学知识解决实际问题。
3. 讨论法:组织学生进行小组讨论,培养学生的团队协作能力和沟通能力。
4. 实践教学法:组织学生参加商业实践活动,提高学生的实际操作能力。
五、课程安排1. 学期:共两个学期,每周2课时。
2. 课程进度安排:- 第一学期:商业基础知识、市场营销、财务管理、企业战略管理。
- 第二学期:商业技能培训、商业案例分析、商业实践活动。
六、考核方式1. 平时成绩:课堂表现、作业完成情况、小组讨论表现等。
2. 期末考试:商业基础知识、商业案例分析等。
3. 实践成果:商业实践活动成果展示、商业计划书撰写等。
七、课程资源1. 教材:《商业基础知识》、《市场营销》、《财务管理》等。
2. 案例资料:国内外著名企业案例、行业报告等。
3. 网络资源:商业知识网站、论坛、数据库等。
八、课程评价1. 学生评价:通过问卷调查、访谈等方式,了解学生对课程内容的满意度、教学方法的认可度等。
一、课程名称商务决策二、授课对象市场营销、企业管理等相关专业学生三、授课时间2课时四、教学目标1. 知识目标:(1)理解商务决策的概念、特点和重要性;(2)掌握商务决策的基本流程和常用方法;(3)了解商务决策中的风险与应对策略。
2. 能力目标:(1)培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力;(2)提高学生进行商务决策的实践操作能力;(3)增强学生团队协作与沟通能力。
3. 素质目标:(1)培养学生的创新思维和决策意识;(2)提高学生的职业道德和社会责任感;(3)增强学生的团队协作精神和抗压能力。
五、教学内容1. 商务决策概述- 商务决策的概念、特点与重要性- 商务决策的类型及分类2. 商务决策的基本流程- 问题识别与分析- 方案制定与评估- 决策实施与监控3. 商务决策常用方法- 定性分析法- 定量分析法- 模糊综合评价法4. 商务决策中的风险与应对策略- 风险识别与评估- 风险应对策略六、教学方法1. 讲授法:系统讲解商务决策的基本概念、流程、方法及风险应对策略。
2. 案例分析法:通过实际案例,引导学生分析问题、解决问题,提高学生的实践操作能力。
3. 小组讨论法:分组讨论商务决策中的热点问题,培养学生的团队协作与沟通能力。
4. 模拟训练法:模拟实际商务决策场景,让学生在实战中提高决策能力。
七、教学过程第一课时1. 导入新课- 提出问题:什么是商务决策?为什么商务决策如此重要?2. 讲授商务决策概述- 商务决策的概念、特点与重要性- 商务决策的类型及分类3. 案例分析- 选择一个实际商务决策案例,引导学生分析案例中的决策过程、方法及结果。
4. 小组讨论- 将学生分成若干小组,讨论商务决策中的热点问题,如:如何提高决策效率、如何应对决策风险等。
第二课时1. 讲授商务决策的基本流程- 问题识别与分析- 方案制定与评估- 决策实施与监控2. 讲授商务决策常用方法- 定性分析法- 定量分析法- 模糊综合评价法3. 讲授商务决策中的风险与应对策略- 风险识别与评估- 风险应对策略4. 模拟训练- 设置一个商务决策场景,让学生进行实战模拟,提高决策能力。
商业能力实训课程设计一、教学目标本课程旨在培养学生对商业环境的认识,理解商业活动的基本流程,掌握商业决策的基本方法,具备初步的商业计划和执行能力。
在知识目标方面,学生应掌握商业环境分析、市场调研、商业计划书撰写等基本知识。
在技能目标方面,学生应能够运用所学知识进行商业环境的分析,撰写简单的商业计划书,进行基本的商业决策。
在情感态度价值观目标方面,学生应有创新意识和团队合作精神,能够面对挑战,解决问题。
二、教学内容本课程的教学内容主要包括商业环境分析、市场调研、商业计划书撰写和商业决策等。
其中,商业环境分析主要介绍商业环境的构成要素和分析方法;市场调研主要介绍市场调研的目的、方法和工具;商业计划书撰写主要介绍商业计划书的内容和撰写技巧;商业决策主要介绍商业决策的类型和过程。
三、教学方法本课程采用讲授法、案例分析法、实验法等多种教学方法。
讲授法用于传授基本理论和知识;案例分析法用于培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力;实验法用于培养学生的动手操作能力。
通过多样化的教学方法,激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学生的学习主动性。
四、教学资源本课程的教学资源包括教材、多媒体资料、实验设备等。
教材为学生提供基本的学习内容;多媒体资料用于辅助教学,使学生更直观地理解商业活动的过程;实验设备用于开展实验,培养学生的动手能力。
这些教学资源共同支持教学内容的实施,丰富学生的学习体验。
五、教学评估本课程的评估方式包括平时表现、作业、考试等。
平时表现主要评估学生的出勤、课堂参与度、团队协作等情况;作业主要评估学生的知识掌握和应用能力;考试主要评估学生的综合运用能力和解决实际问题的能力。
评估方式应客观、公正,能够全面反映学生的学习成果。
六、教学安排本课程的教学安排将按照教学大纲进行,确保在有限的时间内完成教学任务。
教学时间将合理安排,考虑学生的作息时间和兴趣爱好,以保证学生的学习效果和兴趣。
教学地点将选择适合教学的环境,以提供良好的学习氛围。
学业创新商业策划书3篇篇一《学业创新商业策划书协议书》甲方:[甲方姓名]身份证号:[甲方身份证号码]联系地址:[甲方联系地址]联系电话:[甲方联系电话]乙方:[乙方姓名]身份证号:[乙方身份证号码]联系地址:[乙方联系地址]联系电话:[乙方联系电话]一、策划书的内容和范围1. 甲方将向乙方提供策划书的详细内容,包括但不限于商业理念、市场分析、营销策略、运营计划等。
2. 策划书的范围涵盖了[具体业务领域或产品/服务],旨在[阐述策划书的目标和愿景]。
二、合作方式1. 双方将共同合作,利用各自的资源和优势,推动策划书的实施和商业发展。
2. 具体合作方式包括但不限于共同组建团队、合作开发产品/服务、共同推广市场等。
三、权利和义务1. 甲方的权利和义务甲方有权参与策划书的实施和决策过程。
甲方应向乙方提供策划书的相关信息和支持。
甲方应保守策划书的商业秘密,不得向第三方披露。
2. 乙方的权利和义务乙方有权对策划书进行评估和提出建议。
乙方应投入必要的资源和资金,推动策划书的实施。
乙方应保守策划书的商业秘密,不得向第三方披露。
四、知识产权1. 策划书的知识产权归甲方所有。
2. 双方在合作过程中产生的新的知识产权,将根据双方的贡献进行分配。
五、保密条款1. 双方应对在合作过程中知悉的对方商业秘密和机密信息予以保密。
2. 未经对方书面同意,不得向任何第三方披露或使用保密信息。
六、协议的变更和解除1. 本协议的任何变更或解除需经双方书面协商一致。
2. 在履行协议过程中,如遇不可抗力或其他不可预见的因素,导致协议无法履行或部分无法履行,双方应协商解决。
七、违约责任1. 若一方违反本协议的任何条款,应承担相应的违约责任,向对方支付违约金[具体金额]。
2. 如因违约给对方造成损失,违约方还应承担相应的赔偿责任。
八、争议解决本协议的解释和执行均适用[法律适用地]法律。
如双方在协议履行过程中发生争议,应通过友好协商解决;协商不成的,可向有管辖权的人民法院提起诉讼。
商业策划与创新教学设计商业策划和创新教学设计是当今教育领域的两个重要课题,它们在教育教学改革中扮演着不可忽视的角色。
本文将探讨商业策划和创新教学设计的概念、重要性以及它们之间的关系,并提出一种融合二者的教学实践。
一、商业策划的概念与意义商业策划是指在商业活动中制定战略、规划目标和实施计划的过程。
它包括市场调研、竞争分析、目标设定、战略规划、执行和评估等环节。
商业策划的目的是为了提高企业的竞争力,实现可持续发展。
商业策划在教育中的意义不容忽视。
通过商业策划的学习和实践,学生可以培养分析问题、制定目标、制定计划、执行和评估的能力。
这些能力对于学生未来的职业发展至关重要。
二、创新教学设计的概念与意义创新教学设计是指在教学过程中采用具有创新性的方法和策略,以促进学生的主动学习和创造思维。
创新教学设计强调学生的参与性和实践性,注重培养学生的创造力、合作能力和解决问题的能力。
创新教学设计在教育中的意义不言而喻。
传统的教学方法注重教师的讲授,学生缺乏主动性和创造性。
创新教学设计可以激发学生的兴趣,培养他们的创造力和问题解决能力,从而提高学习效果。
三、商业策划与创新教学设计的关系商业策划和创新教学设计具有密切的关系。
商业策划注重市场研究和目标制定,而创新教学设计关注学生的主动学习和实践能力培养。
在教育中的融合应用可以使学生在模拟的商业场景中进行学习,提高他们的商业思维和解决问题的能力。
四、商业策划与创新教学设计的教学实践为了将商业策划和创新教学设计相结合,可以采用以下教学实践方法:1. 项目驱动教学:引导学生从商业策划的角度,制定和执行一个真实的商业项目。
通过这种方式,学生可以在实践中学习商业策划的理论和实践技巧。
2. 团队合作:商业策划和创新教学设计都强调学生的合作能力。
教师可以组织学生分成小组,进行商业策划和创新教学设计的项目实践。
通过团队合作,学生可以相互学习,共同解决问题。
3. 实践案例分析:教师可以选取一些真实的商业案例,引导学生进行分析和讨论。
NANJING UNIVERSITY OF ARONAUTICSAND ASTRONAUTICS CENTREBTEC HND IN BUSINESSASSIGNMENT COVER SHEETNAME OF STUDENT 刘必成LIU Bi Cheng REGISTRATION NO. 19083120UNIT TITLE Business Decision Making ASSIGNMENT TITLEASSIGNMENT NO 2 of 2NAME OF ASSESSOR Zhang WeiSUBMISSION DEADLINE November 23, 2010I, __刘必成LIU Bi Cheng_________hereby confirm that this assignment is my own work and not copied or plagiarized from any source. I have referenced the sources from which information is obtained by me for this assignment.__________________________________________________ ____________________ Signature DateFOR OFFICIAL USEAssignment Received By:Date:Unit OutcomesOutcome Evidence forthe criteria FeedbackAssessor’sdecisionInternalVerificationUse software-generated information tomake decisions at operational, tactical and strategic levelsin an organisation4reviewmanagementinformationsystems andsuggestappropriateinformationprocessing toolsfor operational,tactical andstrategic levelsof theorganization4.1review andevaluateinventorycontrol systemsin anorganization4.2prepare aspreadsheet toenable materialrequirementsplanning andcalculateeconomic orderquantities4.3prepare aproject plan foran activity anddetermine thecritical path4.4use financialtools —discounted cashflow and internalrates of return(IRR function) toevaluate thefinancial viabilityof proposedinvestments4.5Assessment CriteriaPass is achieved by meeting all the requirements defined in the assessment criteria.Outcome Evidence forthe criteria Feedbackdecision VerificationMeritIdentify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions. (M1)An effective approach to study and research used to investigate economic, social and global environment affect selected organisation as well as organisation responsibilities against its stakeholders.Select and apply appropriate techniques. (M2) Students reviewed the relevant theories that are applied to the practical case. Various sources of information used related to set tasks.Present and communicate appropriate findings (M3)An appropriate structure and approach have been used to prepare a report. Present data using a range of methods e.g. tables, diagrammatical and graphical forms.DistinctionUse critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions (D1) Creation has been used to generate and justify valid comments based on investigation selected organisation, economic, social and global environment.Take responsibility for managing and organizing activities (D2) Demonstrates substantial investigations have planned, managed and organized for selected organisation related to objectives and responsibilities of an organisation as well as its environment. Demonstrate convergent, lateral and creative thinking (D3)An innovative and creative thought has been used to identify mission, objectives and responsibilities of selected organisation as well as investigate related economic, social and global environment affects selected organisation.Merit grades awarded M1 M2 M3Distinction grades awarded D1 D2 D3Comments by AssessorOverall, you’ve got:Areas for improvement:Outcome Evidence forthe criteria Feedbackdecision VerificationASSESSOR SIGNATURENAME:____________________DATE:____________________STUDENT SIGNATURENAME:____________________DATE:____________________FOR INTERNAL USE ONLYVERIFIED: □YES □NOVERIFIED BY:DATE:Guidelines for PresentationThis is an individual assignment; all assignments must be word-processed using Times New Roman (size 12) and line space 1.5; a word account is required at the end of the essay if applicable; Secondary sources should be acknowledged using the Strictly according to the HND syllabus When do calculation, process must be presented rather than a simple results, and you need to explain each result in words. In a typical essay or assignment: formulae, chart, graph and tables are better accepted by computer designing other than hand drawing may probably denying.A Good faith of the commitments. The contents of this assignment must be your own work. Where you refer to ideas other than your own you must acknowledge this by appropriate referencing.Task 1Read the documentation as follows.A. Through technological innovation, one workshop in an automobile manufacturing company invested 13 million Yuan to establish a local area network by purchasing 40 sets of computer workstations and software used in computer-aided design, aided engineering, aided manufacturing and etc. After completion, the whole workshop can do a lot of work such as design, strength analysis, simulation and experiment.B.The management of information in a brewery utilizes UF generic ERP software, of which the system module is consisted of financial systems, sales management systems, procurement management systems and inventory management system, etc. The system has achieved significant performance in the enterprise information sharing, enhancing business control, developing customer loyalty and using information to strengthen enterprise management.C.One aluminum company implemented a set of decision support system to support senior management decision-making. The structure of the system is mainly of operation decision, which is product decision-making, marketing decisions and financial decisions.D.Inventory management subsystem is an important subsystem of information system in enterprise. The function of the subsystem is to handle a variety of materials to be put in storage in time and correctly, to maintain inventory accounts in real time, to ensure the inventory data is updated dynamically. Inventory system can offer query and analysis of types of information for other systems, minimize the inventory occupation and accelerate cash flow.E.The management information development project lists of some mechanical factories are as follow.Engineering time(weeks)Project No. successiveactivitiesA D 6B E 12C I,J,K 13D F 3E H,I 6F G 4G H,I 2H J,K 5I N 12J L 10K M 9L N 8M N 4N / 11F. A electrical appliance factory has annual production capacity of 0.15 million of its main electrical switches production. The fixed cost of production is 2.5 million, and the unit variable cost is 80 Yuan. According to the sales contracts signed at the National Order meeting, the order quantity is 80,000, and unit price is 120 Yuan. Recently, a foreign trader gives an order requirement, but he proposed unit price should down to 100 Yuan, he can order 20000 and bear the transportation costs. As the export of 20,000 does not include marketing costs and transport costs, therefore the per unit variable cost will decreased to 70 Yuan.According to the resources above, answer the following questions:1.Describe the influence which the information system makes on the operational, tacticaland strategic decision of the organizational level of enterprise based on the resources A,B,C.1.1.The Definition of Information SystemAn information system(IS) is any combination of information technology and people's activities using that technology to support operations, management, and decision-making. In a very broad sense, the term information system is frequently used to refer to the interaction between people, algorithmic processes, data and technology. In this sense, the term is used to refer not only to the information and communication technology (ICT) an organization uses, but also to the way in which people interact with this technology in support of business processes.Some make a clear distinction between information systems,and computer systems ICT, and business processes. Information systems are distinct from information technology in that an information system is typically seen as having an ICT component. Information systems are also different from business processes. Information systems help to control the performance of business processes. Alter argues for an information system as a special type of work system. A work system is a system in which humans and or machines perform work using resources (including ICT) to produce specific products and or services for customers. An information system is a work system whose activities are devoted to processing (capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying) information.Part of the difficulty in defining the term information system is due to vagueness in the definition of related terms such as system and information. Beynon-Davies argues for a clearer terminology based in systemics and semiotics. He defines an information system as an example of a system concerned with the manipulation of signs. An information system is a type of socio-technicalsystem. An information system is a mediating construct between actions and technology.As such, information systems inter-relate with data systems on the one hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form of communication system in which data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action.Information systems are the primary focus of study for the information systems discipline and for organisational informatics.1.2. The Influence of Information System in the Organizational Level of EnterpriseAn enterprise operates at different levels, each with different objectives, data needs, and methods. These levels can be classified by the decision-making horizon as follows:●Strategic decision-making affects activities in the distant future. These decisions are usuallymade in the face of external influences – technical advances, market shifts, environmental factors, or competition. They have a high impact on the organization and require significant effort over a long period of time. Strategic enterprise decisions are made by the top management.●Tactical decisions involve actions intended to occur in the future –business processre-engineering, incorporating new suppliers, installing new software or equipment. The decisions are often interlinked to strategic plans and based on operational data. Tactical decisions are far-reaching and their implementation requires substantial time and effort.They are generally made by the middle management that translates the strategic intent to the concrete reality of business.●Operational decision-making is related to concerns of the immediate future –resourceallocation, priorities, and expenditures. Operational decisions have a direct impact on the conduct of business and typically do not require laborious implementation. The decisions are made in response to tactical plans or based on operational data and are mostly made by front-line business managers.●Real-time decisions pertain to current activities. They are made within the operationsthemselves, in line with the operational plans, by automation or people conducting the work.Each level of decision-making drives the next level down. Strategic level sets performance measures for horizontal business processes on the tactical level. Tactical plans impose targets and decision rights for departmental processes on the operational level. Finally, operational decisions aim at optimizing the use of resources to meet these targets. Decision-making can also be driven inside out; operational demands may require escalation to the tactical level decision-making and tactical decisions may further propagate to the strategy process.Strategic decision-making and planning pertains to the systemic organization of the enterprise and, thus, to its very identity – its identification of systemic structures and their relationships, the specification of high-level business processes, and contract for coordination within the processes.Tactical level decisions are about adapting the structure of the enterprise to changes in its organization –definition of targets and performance measures for the operational level to optimize the performance of the total process as well as replacements and extensions concerning the systemic structures. Decision rights about these changes can be assigned to the operational level where the detailed decisions are made.Operational decisions are made within the structure. The control over resources is limited by the coordination and decision rights assigned to the structure.Depending on how you create your classification, you can find almost any number of different types of information system. However, it is important to remember that different kinds of systems found in organizations exist to deal with the particular problems and tasks that are found in organizations. Consequently, most attempts to classify Information systems into different types rely on the way in which task and responsibilities are divided within an organization. As most organizations are hierarchical, the way in which the different classes of information systems are categorized tends to follow the hierarchy. This is often described as "the pyramid model" because the way in which the systems are arranged mirrors the nature of the tasks found at various different levels in the organization.For example, this is a three level pyramid model based on the type of decisions taken at different levels in the organization.Figure 1.Three level pyramid model based on the type of decisions taken at different levels in the organization Similarly, by changing our criteria to the differnt types of date / information / knowledge that are processed at different levels in the organization, we can create a five level model.Figure 2.Five level pyramid model based on the processing requirement of different levels in the organization1.3.Control Structure Aligned with Decision-Making PerspectivesService Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a set of design principles to structure and expose information resources, such as legacy systems, as coarse-level, context-independent services. It has been proposed as a means to reduce inherent complexity of an enterprise and improve its agility by organizing business functionality into modular, reusable services.Business-driven top-down BPM(Business Process Management) meets IT-driven bottom-up SOA at endpoints of service orchestration in which services are bound to process activities. Together, SOA and BPM improve the alignment between IT and business, but this requiresappropriate governance to facilitate communication and align responsibilities between the two.The governance model is a set of services, policies, and best practices to establish chains of decision rights and related measurement, policy, and control mechanisms. An applicable approach to arrange governance is to align the control structure of the enterprise with the decision-making perspectives, as depicted in Figure 3:●●Strategic: contract. The enterprise needs to identify its focal point, an unchangeabledistillation of its corporate strategy – e.g., Best Value, Zero-Defect Quality, or Fast Service.The focal point sets the destination with which the strategies shall be aligned. This includes the classification of logical domains based on business functions, technical infrastructure, applications, or a combination of these. As the enterprise needs to adapt to fluctuating external circumstances, it needs to continuously revise its strategies and, consequently, its business processes. On the highest level, this translates to renegotiating the contract for coordination between service domains. From the systemic perspective, the enterprise realigns its organization to conform to its strategy. In HIM, the corresponding concept is known as Strategic Control.●Tactical: coordination. The coordination between service domains conforms to thenegotiated contract. Choreography is a declarative formal description of the public process between business process participants, specifying their relationships and interactions.Orchestration, in contrast, is an imperative formal description of the private process of a business process participant, specifying the sequence and conditions in which the participant invokes services and interacts with other participants. As the enterprise changes the public process, it needs to reflect these changes in the respective private processes. If the required role does not exist, it needs to be implemented, typically by orchestrating services and exposing the process as a composite service. From the systemic perspective, the enterprise realigns, changes or extends its structure to conform to the new organization. In HIM, thecorresponding concept is known as Executive Control.●●Operational: control. The control within a service domain is restricted by coordination withother domains. The interface behavior of a business process participant must coincide with the public process governing the coordination. Within these bounds, however, it has control over its private process to achieve its objectives. As the private process is reorchestrated, new services may need to be bound to its context. If the required service does not exist, it needs to be implemented, typically by orchestrating native resources and exposing the process as a service. From the systemic perspective, the enterprise changes its structure in conformance with its existing organization. In HIM, the corresponding concept is known as Management Control.●Real-time: model. The model of the enterprise reflects how it perceives the reality of itsbusiness. It consists of the vast repository of “sources of truth” dispersed in enterprise information systems and databases –the ultimate corporate knowledge. This knowledge needs to be elicited as a canonical operational and information model. Integration technologies such as Enterprise Application Integration (EAI), Enterprise Information Integration (EII) and Extract, Transformation, and Load (ETL) are used to SOA-enable legacy applications and data sources in the form of context-independent services. These services are then bound to the context of a business process participant through orchestration.As the implementation of the service changes, the change does not have repercussions on the process level as long as the service interface remains constant. From the systemic perspective, the enterprise does not change its structure or its organization on the macro level. The change is encapsulated in a service that is a system in its own right. In HIM, for instance, the real-time perspective is captured by Tasks inside Activities–Activities are transactional units of work within a Role.2.According to the resources B,D, give an example to illustrate the function of corporatestock control system, and prepare a material requirement planning table and calculate the quantity of economic order.2.1.Inventory Control SystemAn inventory control system is a process for managing and locating objects or materials. In common usage, the term may also refer to just the software components.Modern inventory control systems often rely upon barcodes and RFID tags to provide automatic identification of inventory objects. In an academic study performed at Wal-Mart, RFID reduced Out of Stocks by 30 percent for products selling between 0.1 and 15 units a day. Inventory objects could include any kind of physical asset: merchandise, consumables, fixed assets, circulating tools, library books, or capital equipment. To record an inventory transaction, the system uses a barcode scanner or RFID reader to automatically identify the inventory object, andthen collects additional information from the operators via fixed terminals (workstations), or mobile computers.2.1.1.ApplicationsAn inventory control system may be used to automate a sales order fulfillment process. Such a system contains a list of order to be filled, and then prompts workers to pick the necessary items, and provides them with packaging and shipping information.An inventory system also manages in and outwards material of hardware.Real-time inventory control systems may use wireless, mobile terminals to record inventory transactions at the moment they occur. A wireless LAN transmits the transaction information to a central database.Physical inventory counting and cycle counting are features of many inventory control systems which can enhance the organization.2.1.2.The Inportance of Inventory ControlInventory control is a process by which an organization keeps track of its product counts and ensures physical product counts match what is recorded in its books. From a financial standpoint, inventory is the most valuable asset of an organization engaged in buying, selling, manufacturing or otherwise handling of tangible goods. For many organizations, proper management of inventory is pivotal to customer satisfaction and long-term success. The following are few of the challenges faced by organizations in the realm of inventory control.●Companies usually handle a large number of products. Units of products move rapidly asnew orders are received, products are returned, products are drop-shipped, out of stockproducts are backordered or products are earmarked for a delayed shipment. The sheervolume of items makes the task of monitoring inventory complicated.●In order to minimize cash tied up in inventory and to reduce inventory handling costs, anorganization must know its current inventory count accurately at all times. This information is essential in knowing when to re-order products that are out of stock or are about to go out of stock. There are significant costs associated with carrying too much inventory such as cash tied up in slow moving inventory, inventory storage and handling costs, spoilage and obsolescence. On the other hand, carrying too few units could result in stock-outs and loss of sales or production stalls. The ultimate goal is not to order too many or too few goods. The more accurate the inventory count, the better an organization is in a position to order anEconomic Order Quantity (EOQ) that minimizes inventory costs and helps negotiate best price discounts.●Cost of goods sold is the largest expense for businesses that deal with tangible products.Inventory control must track the number of units and the monetary value of the inventory.Companies need an accurate cost of goods sold in order to calculate their profit margins per product or across products.●Companies need to safeguard their inventory against pilferage, outright theft and loss. Aprocess needs to be in place that keeps track of inventory and helps ensure the physicalcount matches product count recorded in company books. Sound inventory control is an excellent deterrent against pilferage.2.1.3.The Future of Inventory Control SystemsIn the late 1990s many businesses were investing heavily in integrated order and inventory systems designed to keep inventories at a minimum and replenish stock quickly. But as Eskow noted, business owners have a variety of system integration options from which to choose, based on their needs and financial liquidity. "Integrated inventory systems may range in platform and complexity," he noted.At the same time that these integrated systems have increased in popularity, business observers have suggested that "stand-alone" systems are falling into disfavor. Tom Andel and Daniel A. Kind, for instance, cited a study by the International Mass Retail Association in Transportation and Distribution: "The study concludes that stand alone Warehouse Management System (WMS) packages acquired today to perform individual functions will probably be abandoned in just a few years because they do not integrate well with other systems. Systems investments must be considered in context of future systems objectives."Another development of which business vendors should be aware is a recent trend wherein powerful retailers ask their suppliers to implement vendor-managed inventory systems. These arrangements place the responsibility for inventory management squarely on the shoulders of the vendors. Under such an agreement, the vendors obtain warehouse or point-of-sale information from the retailer and use that information to make inventory restocking decisions.2.2.Economic Order QuantityEconomic order quantity is the level of inventory that minimizes the total inventory holding costs and ordering costs. It is one of the oldest classical production scheduling models. The framework used to determine this order quantity is also known as Wilson EOQ Model or Wilson Formula. The model was developed by F. W. Harris in 1913, but R. H. Wilson, a consultant who applied it extensively, is given credit for his early in-depth analysis of it.EOQ only applies where the demand for a product is constant over the year and that each new order is delivered in full when the inventory reaches zero. There is a fixed cost charged for each order placed, regardless of the number of units ordered. There is also a holding or storage cost for each unit held in storage (sometimes expressed as a percentage of the purchase cost of the item).We want to determine the optimal number of units of the product to order so that we minimize the total cost associated with the purchase, delivery and storage of the product.The required parameters to the solution are the total demand for the year, the purchase cost for each item, the fixed cost to place the order and the storage cost for each item per year. Note that the number of times an order is placed will also affect the total cost, however, this number can be determined from the other parameters.2.2.1.Underlying assumptions1.The ordering cost is constant.2.The rate of demand is constant3.The lead time is fixed4.The purchase price of the item is constant i.e no discount is available5.The replenishment is made instantaneously, the whole batch is delivered at once.EOQ is the quantity to order, so that ordering cost + carrying cost finds its minimum. (A common misunderstanding is that the formula tries to find when these are equal.)2.2.2.Variables∙Q = order quantity∙Q * = optimal order quantity∙ D = annual demand quantity of the product∙P = purchase cost per unit∙S = fixed cost per order (not per unit, in addition to unit cost)∙H = annual holding cost per unit (also known as carrying cost or storage cost) (warehouse space, refrigeration, insurance, etc. usually not related to the unit cost)2.2.3.The Total Cost functionThe single-item EOQ formula finds the minimum point of the following cost function:Total Cost = purchase cost + ordering cost + holding cost●Purchase cost: This is the variable cost of goods: purchase unit price × annual demandquantity. This is P×D●Ordering cost: This is the cost of placing orders: each order has a fixed cost S, and we needto order D/Q times per year. This is S × D/QHolding cost: the average quantity in stock (between fully replenished and empty) is Q/2, so this cost is H × Q/22.2.4.ExtensionsSeveral extensions can be made to the EOQ model, including backordering costs and multiple items. Additionally, the economic order interval can be determined from the EOQ and the economic production quantity model (which determines the optimal production quantity) can be determined in a similar fashion.A version of the model, the Baumol-Tobin model, has also been used to determine the money demand function, where a person's holdings of money balances can be seen in a way parallel to a firm's holdings of inventory.2.2.5.Example∙Suppose annual requirement (AR) = 10000 units∙Cost per order (CO) = $2∙Cost per unit (CU)= $8∙Carrying cost %age (%age of CU) = 0.02∙Carrying cost Per unit = $0.16。
一、课程基本信息课程名称:商业管理基础课程代码:XX003授课对象:市场营销专业学生授课时间:32学时授课教师:张老师课程目标:1. 让学生掌握商业管理的基本概念、原则和方法;2. 培养学生运用商业管理知识解决实际问题的能力;3. 提高学生的商业思维和决策能力;4. 增强学生的团队协作和沟通能力。
二、课程内容与安排第一部分:商业管理概述(8学时)1. 商业管理的定义、特点和发展历程2. 商业管理的职能和作用3. 商业管理的基本原则和方法第二部分:市场营销管理(12学时)1. 市场营销的定义、职能和目标2. 市场调查与分析3. 市场细分与目标市场选择4. 产品策略、价格策略、渠道策略和促销策略第三部分:企业战略管理(8学时)1. 企业战略的定义、类型和层次2. 企业战略的制定与实施3. 企业战略的调整与变革第四部分:商业伦理与社会责任(4学时)1. 商业伦理的定义、原则和作用2. 企业社会责任的含义、内容和实践3. 商业伦理与企业社会责任的关系第五部分:案例分析(4学时)1. 案例分析的基本方法2. 案例分析在商业管理中的应用3. 案例分析实例解析三、教学方法与手段1. 讲授法:系统讲解商业管理的基本概念、原则和方法;2. 讨论法:组织学生进行课堂讨论,提高学生的商业思维和决策能力;3. 案例分析法:通过案例分析,让学生了解商业管理的实际应用;4. 角色扮演法:模拟商业场景,提高学生的团队协作和沟通能力;5. 多媒体教学:利用PPT、视频等多媒体手段,丰富教学内容。
四、考核方式1. 平时成绩(30%):包括课堂表现、作业完成情况等;2. 期末考试(70%):闭卷考试,主要考察学生对商业管理基本概念、原则和方法的掌握程度。
五、课程资源1. 教材:《商业管理基础》(第二版),张晓光编著,高等教育出版社;2. 参考书籍:《市场营销学》(第四版),菲利普·科特勒编著,中国人民大学出版社;3. 在线资源:中国知网、万方数据等。
课程编号:课程中文名称:大学生的商业决策课程英文名称:BusinessDecisionsforCo11egeStudents学时:32 学分:2学分先修课程:大学英语、概率论、部分专业课后续课程:部分专业课、行业前沿信息、实训实践内容简介:培养面向未来的大学生是一项与时俱进的任务,要求其不应只具备专业技能,更要有能力在纷繁复杂的商业环境中运用所学知识高效配置资源,并做出系统的、跨学科的、跨团队的科学商业决策。
本课程是面向大学生开设的商科类通识课程,旨在培养“既精通专业知识又知晓商业法则”的面向未来的人才,以满足就业市场上对“稀缺复合人才”的需求。
课程立足丰富大学生的知识架构,弥补其在商业决策能力方面的不足,以四个篇章展开学习与探索,延展思想广度、提升思维高度、培养商业嗅觉。
课程基于“小通识教育”的理念,运用通俗的语言,将商业决策通识教育与场景案例多元融合,并补充丰富和课外学习资源。
力求将商业决策通识教育与专业实践基础研究相结合,提升大学生解决复杂问题的能力。
推荐教材或参考书目(资料):推荐教材:李奕轩,张彬,大学生的商业决策[M].北京:人民邮电出本版社,2023参考书目:⑴约翰•阿代尔著,姚晓宁译.决策与解决问题[M]∙北京:中信出版集团.2017⑵符启林,梁嘉琪.国际商法[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2013.[3]郭国庆,陈凯.市场营销学[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2015.[4]胡飞雪.创新训练与方法[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.⑸李海峰,张莹.管理学:原理与实务[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2018.⑹彼得•德鲁克.卓有成效的管理者[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.[7]彭四平,伍嘉华.创新创业基础[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2018.[8]陶长琪.决策理论与方法[M].北京:人民大学出版社,2010.[9]马兆瑞.经济法[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2023[10]王关义,刘益.现代企业管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2019.[11]徐玉德.财务管理案例教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2023[12]《管理沟通一一以案例分析为视角》(第5版),詹姆斯・奥罗克著,康青译,中国人民大学出版社,2018《大学生的商业决策》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程性质:小通识课程面向专业:开课专业:开课学期:2023-2024-1总学时:32学时总学分:2学分二、教学目的通过学习本课程,学生应具备以下能力:1、基于大学生所学专业的基础,以丰富而坚实的博雅教育为背景和延展,充分遵循场景实践特有的规律及其活动方式,将专业知识与商业素养相融合,达到更有效的表达与呈现。
北京邮电大学世纪学院-国际学院
Century College, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (International Institute)
NOTES TO STUDENTS
1. This is a group work based assignment. Each member need to contribute to the
assignment independently.
2. please use the suggested format:
-words: minimum 1,000
-font type: Times New Roman
-font size: 12
- 1.5 space
3. Take great care that if you use other people’s work or ideas in your assignment, you
properly reference them in your text and any bibliography.
4. Check carefully the submission date and the instructions given with the assignment.
Late assignments will not be accepted.
5. If you are unable to hand in your assignment on time and have valid reasons such
as illness, you may apply (in writing) for an extension.
6. Failure to achieve a PASS grade will results in a REFERRAL grade being given.
7. NOTE: if you are caught plagiarising, you could have your grade reduced to
zero, or at worst, you could be excluded from the course.
Assignment 2 –Multiple Regression Analysis
Handout date: 13th Dec, 2011
Hand in date: 29th Dec, 2011
Background information
One consulting firm which has offered a wide range of specialist consultancy advice to various industries faces three different missions clients ask to complete.
First, some school managers want to determine the factors influencing the salaries. The median starting salary for new law school graduates is determined by:
where LSAT is median LSAT score for the graduating class, GPA is the median college GPA for the class, libvol is the number of volumes in the law school library, cost is the annual cost of attending law school, and rank is a law school ranking (with rank=1 being the best).
The file LAWSCH85.RAW contains data on median starting salaries for law school graduates. One of the key explanatory variables is the rank of the law school.
Secondly, a company has estimated the annual demand for an item of stock
to be 48,000 units. The purchase price is £2 a unit, with a 2% discount for orders of 12,000 units or more. The annual cost of holding one unit of stock is 15 pence. The cost of an order averages £100.
Thirdly, one firm uses a discount rate of 12% for all its investment projects.
(i) Interpret the methods of collected data and design the plan of designing
the questionnaire concerning the starting salaries for law school
graduates
<=0
(ii) Explain why we expect
5
(iii) Calculate the coefficient of starting salary and GPA.
(iv) What signs to you expect for the other slope parameters? Justify your answers.
(This provides evidence for outcome 1 and 2 – assessment criteria 1.a,1.b, 1.c, and 2.c)
Task 2
(i) Using the data in LAWSCH85.RAW, the estimated equation is
(ii) Interpret the coefficient on the variable log(libvol).
(iii) Would you say it is better to attend a higher ranked law school? Forecast the difference in the starting salary of various ranks?
(This provides evidence for outcome 3 and 4 – assessment criteria 3.b ,
3.d,
4.a and 4.d)
Task 3
(i) Determine the economic order quantity ignoring the discount. How often
(ii) should orders be placed and what will be annual cost of holding stock?
(ii) Determine whether the discount should be obtained by ordering 12,000 units
(This provides evidence for outcome 4 – assessment criteria 4.b and 4.c)
Task 4
(ii) Calculate the internal rates of return for the projects.
(This provides evidence for outcome 4 – assessment criteria 4.e)
NOTES TO STUDENTS
➢Use at least two indicative characterics to achieve M or D.
➢Complete the title page and sign the statement of authenticity.
➢Ensure that you give yourself enough time to complete the assignment by the due date.
➢Do not leave things such as printing to the last minute – excuses of this nature will not be accepted for failure to hand-in the work on time.
➢You must take responsibility for managing your own time effectively.
Assessment criteria/grade descriptor coverage。