[精品]2019版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions词汇训练 新人教版选修8

选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions李仕才Ⅰ.阅读理解Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only ” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a computer, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.I don’t only avoid those“if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you”. When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be there. But then I thought about the fact that he’s 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality(可能发生的事). And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.1.Which of the following is an example of the “extra minute” rule ?A. Start the car the moment everyone is seated.B. Leave the room for a minute with the iron working.C. Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better.D. Move an object out of the way before it trips someone.2.The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to __________.A. keep her appointment with the eye doctorB. meet her father who was already an old manC. join in the holiday celebration of the companyD. finish her work before the deadline approaching3.The underlined word “foregone” in Paragraph 3 is closed in meaning to “_________”.A. abandonedB. lackedC. avoidedD. wasted4.What is the best title for the passage ?A. The Emotional Well-beingB. The Two Saddest WordsC. The Most Useful RuleD. The Peace of Mind【文章大意】这篇文章主要讲解的是作者对于最悲哀的两个单词if only 的理解及看法。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.阅读理解AEarly one morning, more than a hundred years ago, an American inventor called Elias Howe finally fell asleep. He had been working all night on the design of a sewing machine but he had run into a very difficult problem: It seemed impossible to get the thread to run around the needle without any problems.Though he was tired, Howe slept badly. He turned and turned. Then he had a dream. He dreamt that he had been caught by terrible savages whose king wanted to kill him and eat him unless he could build a perfect sewing machine. When he tried to do so, Howe ran into the same problem as before. The thread kept getting caught around the needle. The king flew into the cage and ordered his soldiers to kill Howe. They came up towards him with their spears raised. But suddenly the inventor noticed something. There was a hole in the tip of each spear. The inventor awoke from the dream, realizing that he had just found the answer to the problem. Instead of trying to get the thread to run around the needle, he should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle. This was the simple idea that finally made Howe design and build the first really practical sewing machine.Elias Howe was not the only one in finding the answer to his problem in this way. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the electric light, said his best ideas came into him in dreams. So did the great physicist Albert Einstein. Charlotte Bronte also drew in her dreams in writing Jane Eyre.To know the value of dreams, you have to understand what happens when you are asleep. Even then, a part of your mind is still working. This unconscious (无意识的), but still active part understands your experiences and goes to work on the problems you have had during the day. It stores all sorts of information that you may have forgotten or never have really noticed. It is only when you fall asleep that this part of the brain can send messages to the part you use when you are awake. However, the unconscious part acts in a special way. It uses strange images which the conscious part may not understand at first. This is why dreams are sometimes called “secret messages to us”．篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions李仕才【短文语法填空】I want to do something special for my 15­year­old son, who has always been a perfect boy.He worked all summer to earn enough money to buy __1__ (he) a new racing­bicycle instead of asking for money from me.Then he spent hours and hours on it.I loved my son so much __2__ I bought him a pair of sunglasses and gloves.When my son rode the racing­bicycle with him, he looked very cool.He dreamed __3__ taking part in a race and winning.On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found __4__ beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, __5__ (say), “Happy birthday to my wonderful mother.” I was surprised and then began to sob.I remembered once I __6__ (joke) to my family that I wanted to learn the guitar to make my life wonderful.I __7__ (forget) it, but my son remembered.He took it __8__ (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift.When I wondered __9__ my son could buy this expensive gift, soon I realized that my son had sold his racing­bicycle __10__ (get) me the guitar.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions李仕才***阅读理解。

Nowadays a third of primary schoolchildren in China are suffering from psychological ill-health as a result of classroom stress and parental pressure, according to a study published on Tuesday.The problem is so bad that urgent measures are needed, warns the study, led by British and Chinese researchers.The investigation surveyed 2, 191 pupils aged 9 to 12 in nine schools in urban and rural Zhejiang, a relatively prosperous coastal province in eastern China.Eighty-one percent of the youngsters said they worried “a lot” about exams, 63 percent feared being punished by their teachers, 44 percent had been physically bullied at least sometimes—with boys likelier to be victims than girls—and 73 percent had been physically punished by their parents.Most of the children complained they struggled to cope with the amount of homework they were assigned.Over one-third reported headaches or abdominal pains—psychosomatic symptoms of stress—at least once a week. The most stressed children reported incidence of aches or pains of four times a week.The investigation, led by Therese Hesketh, a professor at University College London (UCL) Centre for International Health and Development, pointed the finger at extreme competitiveness in China’s education system, from the onset of primary school.“The competitive and punitive educational environment leads to high levels of stress and psychosomatic symptoms, ” the authors say.“Measures to reduce unnecessary st ress on children in schools should be introduced urgently. ”The paper appears in Archives of Disease in Childhood, a peer-reviewed journal of the British Medical Association (BMA).The “urban” setting for the study was Hangzhou, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, while the “rural” setting was a poor county in Quzhou prefecture, in the west of the province.The study highlights some of the complexities that, it says, explain the demands for academic excellence and intolerance of failure.One factor is t he country’s dramatic rise in prosperity, which has created “previously unheard-of possibilities for upward mobility” and in turn stoked pressures on children to do well at school.Other reasons are China’s one-child policy and the Confucian traditions of respect for parents and elders, filial piety, obedience and discipline.“The aspirations of many parents, who had limited educational opportunities themselves are now invested in their only children, ” it says.Previous studies on school-related stress and its impact on health are few and generally come from Scandinavia.A 2008 assessment among 10-to 13-year-old in Sweden found that 21 percent of boys and 30 percent of girls experienced headache, and 17 percent of boys and 28 percent of girls experienced abdominal pain at least once per week.【文章大意】本文是一篇报告。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions李仕才***阅读理解。

Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later? Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain，in rats at least.“This is an animal study，but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important—not just for physical development，but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive(认知的)development during ageing，”says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto，Canada. “In humans，it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's disease(阿尔茨海默病)，possibly to the point of preventing it.”Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups，and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later—when the rats had reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box，they froze with fear.Two weeks later，the team tested the rats in three situations：exactly the same box in the same room，the same box with the room arranged differently，and a completely different box in a different room.The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations，suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young，at least for rats，has influence on the brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're older，” says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston，who has found that，in humans，exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.1．The study shows that ________.A．physical activity is important for physical healthB．using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growthC．physical activity can prevent humans' Alzheimer's diseaseD．the more exercise a rat has when young，the better memory it will possess when older2．How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?A．By analyzing causes.B．By giving an example.C．By describing the process.D．By showing differences.3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．Exercise. B．Development.C．Benefit. D．Study.4．What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?A．Negative. B．Objective.C．Critical. D．Doubtful.【解题导语】本文为说明文，介绍了一项科学研究，从而得出早期锻炼对大脑终身有好处的结论。

Unit 3李仕才考点规范练(选修8Unit 3)【短文语法填空】Best CompaniesShine United(Madison，Wisconsin)In the past five years，this Wisconsin­based advertising agency has shared more than$500,000 in profits with its employees through the company's ShineShares program.The agency partnered with the University of Wisconsin's oncology department to develop the Ride，a biking event that benefits cancer research.Employees also get snacks every day，“Beer Thirty”on Thursdays，and Summer Fridays，a program that lets employees leave at noon.GroundFloor Media(Denver，Colorado)The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime，anywhere.Headquarters are in a former warehouse downtown，near Coors Field.The offices are spread around the central space that doubles as a wet bar every Thursday when the company's “beer club” brings in a new brew.Ergodyne(St.Paul，Minnesota)The St.Paul­based company has grown to operate out of a retired storehouse with plenty of natural light.Rules about dressing？“Wear something.” Its purpose? To create cool，comfortable, and tough safety workwear for those who need it to get the job done.Ergodyne has around 50 employees, who enjoy hot­dish cook­offs, tickets to sporting events, and at least one happy hour every quarter.Southwest Michigan First(Kalamazoo，Michigan)It's family first at this Michigan economic development advising agency.CEO Ron Kitchens says that in the past year，the company has made a push to go green，initially started by the millennial employees who make up half the agency's workforce.A new staff position was created for the purpose of making sure every employee is able to balance working and cheering at their kids' sporting events or going fishing.1．What's the purpose of the ShineShares program?A．To raise money for a research.B．To let employees leave earlier.C．To share the company's benefits.D．To partner with a local university.2．What does Southwest Michigan First encourage their employees to do?A．To accompany their families.B．To create new staff positions.C．To join in cooking competitions.D．To enjoy themselves in sporting events.3．Which company allows its staff a flexible working time?A．Shine United.B．GroundFloor Media.C．Southwest Michigan First.D．Ergodyne.4．What can we know about the companies mentioned in the text?A．They offer employees financial support.B．They care about employees' happiness.C．They have strict rules about dressing.D．They have training programs.【解题导语】本文是一篇广告类应用文，主要介绍了四个最好的公司。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions话题素材——发明创造[话题词汇]1.achieve vt. 达到；取得2.ambitious adj. 有雄心壮志的3.birthplace n. 出生地；故乡4.confident adj. 自信的5.creative adj. 富有创造力的6.be enthusiastic about 对……热心7.make efforts to_do sth. 努力做某事8.regard ... as ... 认为……是……9.make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献10.set a good example to 为……做出好榜样11.be honored as 被誉为……12.be fond of/keen on ... 喜欢……13.be skilled in sth. 在……方面熟练14.develop an interest in 在……方面发展兴趣15.cause wide public concern 引起公众的广泛关注[经典佳句]1.The first computer was brought into the world by Vannevar Bush in 1931. From_then_on,_it has enriched people's whole life.第一台电脑是在1931年被范内瓦·布什发明的，从那时起，它丰富了人们的整体生活。

2.Their inventions have_contributed_to the development of the whole society.他们的发明促进了整个社会的发展。

3.He is_considered_as a creative scientist and people show great respect_to him.他被公认为一位极具创造力的科学家，人们非常尊重他。

Inventors and inventions李仕才一、阅读理解。

If a city wants to hold the Olympics，it must submit a proposal to the IOC.After all proposals have been submitted，the IOC votes.If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated(淘汰)，the voting continues，until a majority winner is determined.Typically，the Games are awarded several years in advance，allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.In selecting the site of the Olympic Games，the IOC considers a number of factors，and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively.The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games.For instance，Tokyo，the host of the 1964 Summer Games，and Beijing，that of the 2008 Games，were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia.Because of the growing importance of television worldwide，the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city's time zone.Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada，for example，American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.Once the Games have been awarded，it is the duty of the local organizing committee—not the IOC or the NOC of the host city's country to provide them with money.This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues(收入)，and corporate sponsorships，tickets sales，and other smaller revenue sources.In many cases there is also direct government support.Although many cities have gained amounts of money by hosting the Games，the Olympics can be financially risky.If the financial gains from the Games are less than expected，the city will be left with large debts.1．________ will be determined to host the Olympic Games by the IOC.A．A city that submits a proposalB．A majority winner in votingC．A city that has perfect time zoneD．One that hasn't hosted the Games2．If the Games take place in Canada，American television networks ________.A．will not pay for the Canadian television networksB．will be forbidden to broadcast live sporting eventsC．can't broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hoursD．are willing to pay much higher amounts for television rights3．According to the last paragraph，which following statement is true?A．The host city must be left with large debts.B．There is no financial risk in hosting the Olympic Games.C．The city may gain a lot of money.D．It is impossible that the host city couldn't make money.4．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A．Winner or loserB．Applying for host for the OlympicsC．How to host the Olympic GamesD．The Olympic Games【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.完形填空I want to share with you a story from my life.There was a time when I used to be __1__ constantly for whom I was and what I did，said，and thought.I was __2__ deeply.I had no one to share what I was feeling with，no one who could __3__ what I was going through and no help at all to get away from those __4__ remarks.And I was also very __5__．Many times I was too scared to speak up and on the few occasions I found the __6__ to do so，things didn’t end very well at al l. The point is this：all that __7__ and anger inside of me became __8__，which I used to take out on the court (I used to play badminton)．And those days people often wondered how I played so __9__．I didn’t know it at the time __10__ deep down inside of me I had already decided to do my best to create a life where I __11__ the rules.And because of that __12__，today I have created for myself a wonderful life.Thanks to the suffering，I was able to __13__ more than I could ever imagine.Thanks to people __14__ and not believing in me，I got the drive to prove them __15__．What I’m trying to say is that I don’t see suffering as all that bad.If we learn how to __16__ our suffering in a way that can break us free I believe we can find our way to __17__．I don’t think there is any __18__ in suffering.Instead，we should be proud of all that we have gone through.We still stand strong.And the __19__ we carry from our sufferings，we wear as a badge of __20__．My suffering is my greatest source of power.Suffering is a part of life and the sooner we can accept that，the closer we will be to experiencing what happiness truly means.【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions基础知识默写篇一、分层单词写作词汇1. vt.抓住;捉住;夺2. vt.忍受;忍耐;负担3. n.堵塞;阻塞;果酱4. n.产品5. adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的6. adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的7. adj.便利的;方便的;就近的8. adj.实际的;实践的;实用的9. n.预料;期待;期望10. vt.联想;联系阅读词汇1.dial vt.2.distinguish vi.&vt.3.tap vt.& vi.& n.4.file n.&vt.5.identification n.petence n.7.personnel n.8.extension n.9.current n.&adj.10.cubic adj.11.abrupt adj.12.valid adj.13.ripe adj.petent adj.15.innocent adj.16.dynamic adj.17.stainless adj.18.patent n.19.caution n.20.criterion n.拓展词汇1. adj.便利的;方便的;就近的→ n.方便;便利2. adj.实际的;实践的;实用的→adv. 从实际出发;实事求是地→v. & n.实践;练习3. n.预料;期待;期望→ v.预料;期待;期望4. adj.愉快的;高兴的→adv. 高兴地;愉快地5. adj.宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→ n.仁慈;宽恕6. vt.联想;联系 n.同伴;伙伴→ n.联盟;社团;联想7. n.小心;谨慎→adj.小心的;谨慎的8. adj.冰冻的;严寒的→vt.& vi.(使)冻结;(使)结冰二、高频短语1. 给……打电话2. 开始;着手3. 迅速把手伸入;一心投入4. 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住5. 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过6. now and then7. out of order8. ring off三、经典句型1.But (一旦被捡起来), they tried to bite me.2.Only after you have had that recognition (你才能说) that you are truly an inventor.基础知识运用篇一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)1.The housing price in this area was too high for him to (承担得起).2.Doctors said his condition was serious but (稳定的).3.At what age are children able to (辨别) between right and wrong?4.The husband left home, for he couldn’t(忍受) his wife’s bad temper.5.Although this result may not surprise you,it leads to (实用的) advice.6.The elephant (抓住) a nearby branch and put it into her mouth.7.For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be (有效的) if they can defeat academic cheating.8.Armed with the information you have gathered,you can (开始做) preparing your business pla n.9. (有时) we slowly pulled one kite back, watching it dancing up and down in the wind.10.He didn’t feel well and(给……打电话) the manager to ask for a day off.11.Most of the telephone lines were destroyed by the hurricane last night, so today it’s almo st impossible to (设法联系上) to anybody.12.The beggar (将手伸入)his pocket and took out several coins.13.The manager (挂断电话) before the worker could explain why he was late.14.The washing machine bought yesterday is (发生故障), which makes him a little annoyed.15.You’ll have to (稍等) for a while if you want to see Steve. He’s just gone out.(二)单句填空1.I will spare no efforts to live up to all the (expect) of my parents.2.He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of (recognize).3.We have provided seats for the of our customers. If it is for you, welcome here. (convenient)4.The king showed no (mercy) and killed all the prisoners.5.David is a man who is always doing things with . Thus, you had better deal with him . (caution)6.In western countries,the number “thirteen” is usually with bad luck, but actually there isn’t any between them.(associate)二、经典句型仿写1.只有当他离开家时他才意识到他是多么爱父母。