牛津英语八年级A+Unit+语法讲解

8A Unit7 知识点梳理一、短语：1.喜欢打雪仗like snowball fights2. 降到零下十度drop to -10°C3. 一年里最好的季节the best season of year4. 几场阵雨a few showers5. 在每年的这段时间里during this time of year6. 在下午晚些时候in the late afternoon7. 用围巾盖住她的脸cover her face with a scarf8. 保持在零度以上stay above zero 9．到处都是雪be full of snow10．躲避……be full of snow11．收割庄稼harvest crops 12．降到零度以下drop below zero 13．覆盖整个大地cover the whole earth 14．为我做早饭make breakfast for me 15．从早到晚from morning till night 16．患重感冒catch fl bad cold17．发高烧have a high fever 18．把我带到医院去take me to the hospital 19．忙着做某事be busy doing sth 20．一年中的这个时候during this time of year 21．导致许多问题cause a lot of problems 22．有幸做某事be lucky to do sth．23．利于人们的健康be healthy for people 24．打雪仗have snowball fights25．覆盖着厚厚的白雪be covered in deep white snow26．彼此扔雪球throw snowballs at each other27．堆雪人make snowmen 28．在下雪天on snowy days29.来自北方的暴风雪a snowstorm from the North30. 在他三十多岁in his thirties31.落成堆fall into piles 32. 从早到晚from morning till night 33, 用枝条搭帐篷put up a tent with sticks 34. 变黄turn yellow35.快速上升raise quickly 36. 进行短途旅行have a short trip 37.和我们呆在一起stay with us 38. 花间嬉戏play among flowers39.放风筝的极好时间a perfect time to fly kites 40.在这个季节期间during the season二、句子：1．哪个季节是一年中最好的季节?Which is the best season of the year?2．突然到来的暴雨引发了许多问题。

8A Unit 7单词知识点讲解the tree. 今天很热，咱们坐在树荫下面吧。

The temperature in the classroom is too _____.不要在街上踢球。

1.bet v. 打赌；敢说过去式 bet betting10. pilen. 堆Open the windows, please.20. fever n.发烧 I bet 后接宾语从句， 表示 “我确定 ⋯ ⋯ 我敢肯a pile of books 一堆书;The temperature is below/above zero. 温度零上 /have a (high) fever 发(高)烧定⋯ .零下two piles of books 两堆书21. cough vi.& n . 咳嗽 coughs / coughedI bet that she will come. 我断定她会来。

fall into piles upon the ground have a (high) temperature 发(高)烧T he child had a bad cough, so his mother tookI bet (you) that this is true. 我可以 (跟你)打赌 这是真的。

I bet you ￥100. 我跟你赌一百元。

掉在地面上堆成堆 11. upon = on 在⋯ ⋯ 之上 fall into piles upon/on the ground 落地成堆t ake one ’s temperature 给某人量体温The nurse just now.护士刚才给他量了体温。

h im to the doctor. 这孩子咳得厉害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。

have a bad/terrible cough 咳嗽得厉害 You bet! “你说对了 ”“当然了 ”表示同意对方 Once upon a time there lived three bears in the 16. drop vi. & vt 下降， dropped/ dropping cough badly, cough a lot 所说的内容forest. 从 前 在 森 林 里 住 着 三 个 狗 熊 。

教学目标：本单元重要知识点讲解1. Why not? Wild animals are free and happy.(1) Why no t?表示赞同别人的建议，相当于Good idea! I think so．等。

(2) free意为“免费的；自由的”。

作“自由的”讲时，-- freer--freest，其反义词是busy; be busy doing sth.作“免费的”讲时，没有比较级和最高级形式，常用短语为for free（免费地）。

be free to do sth.意为“自由地做某事”。

如：You are free to go or stay.(3) wild作名词，“野生状态in the wild “在自然环境下；在野外”。

wild作形容词，“野生的”，一般作定语修饰名词；也可跟在连系动词后面作表语。

We shouldn't hunt wild animals for food.These roses are wild。

2．So could you please not eat them?Can/Could/would you please + 动词原形.？“请你……，好吗？”。

其否定式是在please后直接加not。

Could you please not park your car here?3．Please have pity on them，Eddie.have pity on sb. “同情某人”。

pity是不可数名词，意为“同情”。

pity作“遗憾，可惜”讲时，是可数名词。

I have pity on you but I can't help you this time.What a pity! 这真是遗憾呀!4. die vi.死→dead adj.死的→*dying adj.快死的→death n死。

die of与die from的区别：die of指死于疾病、衰老等自身的原因；die from指死于地震、交通事故、雷击等外部原因；死于饮酒、受伤、劳累过度、饥饿、饥寒等两者皆可。

8A Unit 4 Numbers, Everyone’s language 语法点讲解1. _________ 最少(反义词) at most 最多2. _________________在古代3._____________________________用很多不同的方法4. count [v.] 数*countable [adj.] 可数的uncountable [adj.] 不可数的Mile is _________（可数名词）while water is ________.（不可数名词）5. _______________ 十进制6.________________ a./n. 印度的，印度人India 印度7. invent [v.] 发明invention [n.] <C> 发明产物<U> 发明inventor [n.] 发明家Edison, a greater inventor_________, ________a lot of ___________.( invent)8. develop [v.] 发展，开发(developed, developed, developing)China is still ____________________. （发展中的国家）America is already ___________________. （发达的国家）9. ________________ 计算器_______________计算机calculate 计算calculation [n.] <C> 计算结果<U> 计算Mike is using a electronic ___________to _________a large __________( calculate)10. accurate [adj.] 精准的= correct ___________[adv.] 精确地计算机能做一个精确地计算____________________________________________________ 11. electricity [n.] 电_____________ [adj.] 电子的electric [adj.] 发电的，有电的，带电的1) Our life will be very inconvenient without __________.2) An ____________ _____________(电子词典) can help us look up the new words very fast.3) ___________ ___________(电动车) make people to ride faster.12.percentage [n.] <C> 百分比___________[a./n.] 百分比，百分之一1）The price of the House in Qing pu has risen by _______.( 百分之10)2) More than ________( 百分之90) of the students pass the test.13.powerful [adj.]强大的power [n.] <U>力量，电力，权力*Computer are_______________(更强大) than abacuses in calculating.She is a person with_____________(大的权力), so let’s ask him for help.14. flash [n.] 闪现，手电筒。

1.) A postcode makes it easier for the post office to deliver letters.(邮政编码能使邮局在分发信件时更简便）Make+it+adj.+for sb. to do sth. It 在此处作形式宾语。

Eg: Yoga made it faster for Mrs White to lose weight.2.)My ambition is to be an architect....我的愿望是成为一名建筑师Sth.+ be +to do 动词不定式作表语Eg：A nurse’s job is to look after sick people.护士的工作是照顾病人。

3.）I hope you will write to me soon...我希望你尽快给我回信...Hope vi.&vt. 希望；期待其后接不定式和that引导的从句。

Eg：I hope to hear from my brother soon.我希望很快能收到我哥哥的来信。

辨析hope，wishHope一般侧重于表达有可能实现的愿望，意为“希望；期待”。

Wish一般侧重于表达不大可能实现或根本不考虑是否能实现的愿望。

（1）hope和wish均接不定式作宾语。

Wish只表示一种愿望，hope也表示愿望，表示对此有把握。

Eg：I hope to see you soon.我希望不久会见到你。

（2）hope和wish均可接that 引导的宾语从句，hope用陈述语气，表示很有把握实现或得到，而wish后面的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，表示一种无法实现的或不真实的愿望。

Eg;I wish I could fly like a bird.但愿我能像一只鸟一样飞翔。

（3）wish后通常接“宾语+不定式（宾补）”，而hope则不可以。

Eg：I wish you to come and join us in the singing.我希望你能来和我们一起唱歌。

Unit 1Friends language points period 11.be hungry饥饿的、be thirsty口渴的（thirstier, thirstiest）2.some用于表征求意见的疑问句，希望得到某人肯定的答复。

Do you want some? 你想要一些吗？Can I have some more food?我能再要一些食物吗？Would you like some bread?你想吃点面包吗？What about some milk?喝点牛奶怎么样？3.1to do有很多作业要做，something to eat吃的东西2）不定代词+形容词：something important 重要的东西，anything interesting任何有趣的事，nothing wrong没什么问题，nothing else 没别的事3）no= not… any, nothing=not … anything4. have some more food再吃一些食物，some more people再来一些人two more apples= another two apples再来两个苹果(具体数字)5. What about sth? What about doing sth?=How about doing sth?=Why not +do sth?=Why don’t you do sth?=Let’s,…shall we?=Shall we do sth? …怎么样？(表建议)What about chatting with your friends? 和你朋友们聊天怎么样？6. maybe 和may be 的区别：Maybe=perhaps（可能，大概），副词，多用于口语，通常放在句首或句末。

Maybe you are right.你也许是对的。

May be (也许是，可能是)，由情态动词may +be动词构成，在句中作谓语。

8A Unit 1 单词知识点讲解1. thirsty adj. 口渴的；thirty num. 三十They were hungry and thirsty. 他们又饥又渴..Give me a glass of water because I’m thirsty. 给我一杯水;我渴了..2. honest adj. 诚实的;正直的；an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩反dishonest adj. 不诚实的; 不正直的An honest man does not tell lies. 诚实的人不说谎..We must be honest. 我们必须诚实..3. secret※cn. 秘密keep a secret / keep secrets 保守秘密；an open secret公开的秘密He can keep secrets for others and never says a bad word about anyone.他能替人保守秘密而且从不说人坏话..※adj. 秘密的 a secret room 隐秘的房间I hid the letter in a secret place. 我把信藏在一个秘密的地方了..4. joy u n. 欢乐;高兴;乐趣; share one’s joy 分享某人的快乐to one's joy使某人高兴的是；feel the joy of life感到人生的快乐Susan is full of joy because she has a new baby sister.苏珊十分高兴;因为她有一个刚出生的小妹妹..5. care v. 关心;关注;在意；U n.注意;照管take care of 照顾adj. careful ; careless 仔细的;粗心的adv. carefully; carelessly仔细地;粗心地She didn’t care what happened.她才不管会发生什么事呢People don’t care about you if you only care about yourself.你如果只关心自己;那你就很难得到人们的关注..6. oneself 某人自己反身代词myself; ourselves; yourself; yourselves; himself; herself; itself; themselves7. magazine n. 杂志read a magazine 读杂志；in Teenagers magazine 在青少年杂志上Write to Teenagers magazine about your best friendHe made some money from writing short stories for magazines.他为杂志写了一些短篇故事攒些钱..8. good-looking adj. 好看的;漂亮的= beautiful a good-looking girl 一个好看的女孩9. humour / humor u n. 幽默have a sense of humour 有幽默感;adj. humorousThat boy has a sense of humour. = That boy is humorous. 那个男孩幽默.. 10. polite adj. 有礼貌的; be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌反impolite 没有礼貌的;粗鲁的=rudeHe is always polite to everyone. 他对每个人都彬彬有礼..11. tidy adj. 爱整洁的;整洁的; a tidy boy爱整齐的男孩; a tidy room整洁的房间The reading room is clean and tidy. 阅览室干净整洁..12. make※linking v. 成为；适合My father wants to make me a doctor. 我爸爸要使我成为一名医生..※vt. 做;建造I made a chair from the wood. 我用木料做了一把椅子..※vt. 引起;产生Don't make a noise in the library. 图书馆内不准大声喧哗..※vt. 迫使；强迫I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我..13. trust vt. 信任= believe inI shall lend him money because I trust him. 我将借给他钱;因为我相信他..14. lie※n. 谎言；One should never tell a lie. 一个人永远不应当说谎..※v. 说谎过去式：liedYou are lying and lies can not cover up facts. 你在说谎;但谎言掩盖不了事实..Don't believe her because she always lies. 别信她;因为她总是说谎..※v. 平躺；卧过去式：layGo and lie on the bed and have a rest. 去躺在床上歇一会儿..※v. 位于过去式：layShanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部15. joke n. 玩笑; play a joke on sb. = play a trick on sb. 同某人开玩笑；捉弄某人tell funny jokes 讲有趣的笑话16. true adj. 确实的；的确；真的;忠实的；come true实现；a true story 一个真实的故事adv. truly真正地n. truth n.U 真实；真相tell the truth 说出真相A true friend will always help you. 忠诚的朋友会永远帮助你的..Are you truly happy with your work 你真的对你的工作满意吗Are you telling me the truth 你讲的是真话吗17. generous adj. 慷慨的;大方的; be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨Aunt Mary is generous to us and gives us a lot of presents.玛丽阿姨很大方;给我们许多礼物..18. willing adj. 乐意的;愿意的=ready; gladbe willing to do sth. = be ready to do sth. = be glad to do sth. 乐意做某事I am willing to help you. 我愿意帮助你..19. any time = anytime adv. 在任何时候I can come here anytime. 我可以随时到这里来..20. ※voice n. 嗓音..一般指人的声音;说话、唱歌、谈笑都可用voice..The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美..They are talking in low voices. 他们正小声交谈..※sound作“声音”;“响声”讲时;可以指人或动物发出的声音;或物体碰撞的声言..这个词的使用范围很大;可以说;大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound..例如：At midnight he heard a strange sound. 半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音..Light travels much faster than sound. 光的传播速度比声音快得多..21. singer n. 歌手；sing v. 唱歌；song n. 歌曲；music n. 音乐want to be a singer 想当一名歌手；one of the best singers 最好的歌手之一22. almost adv. 几乎;差不多It takes me almost an hour to get there. 到达那里花费我几乎一个小时..可以与none; nobody; nothing; never等词连用如：Almost no one believed her. 几乎没有人相信她..I did almost nothing. 我几乎什么也没做..23. round※adj. 圆形的；have a round face 有张圆圆的脸Sometimes the moon is as round as a plate. 有时候月亮象盘子一样圆..※adv. 转过来；相反方向The car turned round and went back again. 小汽车掉转头又回去了..※prep. 环绕一周；围着The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转动..24. sense n. 感觉；观念;意识Dogs have a very good sense of hearing. 狗有很好的听觉..have a sense of…/have no sense of…25. bore v. 使人厌烦；乏味; bored adj. 修饰人无聊的；boring adj. 修饰物令人厌烦的When I feel bored or unhappy; she talks to me and tells me funny jokes.当我感到无聊或不高兴时;她常和我讲一些滑稽的笑话..be bored with….对……厌烦What a boring book 多没意思的书啊26. fit※vi. 可容纳;装进The room is so small that it can only fit 10 people. 这个房间太小了;只能容纳10个人..The young man is so tall that his legs don’t fit well under the student desk.年轻人个太高;学生桌底下容纳不下他的腿..※adj. 合适的Is he fit for the job 他适合干这个工作吗※adj. 健康的= healthy He keeps fit by doing exercises every morning.他每天早上做操保持健康..※vt. 适合于;合适This coat doesn’t fit me—it’s so big.这件上衣不适合我穿——太大了..27. knock vt. 碰;撞；把……撞击成knock at /on the door 敲门Peter knocked the glass off the table and broke it.彼得把玻璃杯打翻;从桌上掉下去摔碎了..28. onto prep. 到……的上面The pen fell onto the floor. 钢笔落到地板上了..29. straight※adj. 笔直的have straight hair 有笔直的的头发；a straight road 一条笔直的马路※adv. 直接地；径直地Go straight along the road until you come to the post office.顺着这条路一直走到邮局为止..30. sweet※adj. 可爱的;惹人喜爱的What a sweet girl 多么可爱的小姑娘※adj. 甜的this fruit is really sweet 这种水果真甜哪※n. 糖果= candy Do you like eating sweets 你喜欢吃糖果吗31. smile※vi. 微笑smile at sb. 朝某人微笑The old man often smiles at others. 那个老人经常朝别人微笑..※n. 微笑There is a smile on the teacher’s face. 老师脸上有一丝笑容..The teacher came in; with a smile on her face. 老师进来了;脸上带着笑容.. ※smiling adj. 微笑的;带着笑意的; a smiling face微笑的脸; 笑脸smiling eyes 微笑的眼睛32.person n. 人；personal adj. 私人的；personality cn. 个性He has a happy personality. 他为人性格快活..33. choose v. 选择；挑选过去式：chose※choose sb. as…= choose sb. to be…选择某人当……We will choose him as our monitor. 我们将选他当我们的班长..※choose to do sth. 选择做某事He chose to say nothing about this to anyone. 他不愿意把这事对任何人讲..34. bad/ badly /ill—worse —worstThis one is much worse than that one. 这一个比那一个差多了..Yesterday she was ill; today she is worse than she was yesterday.昨天她生病了;今天她的病比昨天厉害了..He sings much worse than he did last year. 他比去年唱得差多了..John played badly; Tom played worse; and Harry played the worst.约翰打得不好;汤姆打得更差;而哈利打得最差..35. high adj. 高的；height n. 高度How high is that tree = What’s the height of the tree 那棵树有多高36. weigh v. 重；weight n. 重量；heavy adj. 重的The baby weighs three kilos. 这婴儿三公斤重..= The weight of the baby is three kilos.= The baby is three kilos heavy.37. second※= sec. n. 秒；in a second = soon马上;片刻There are 3;600 seconds in an hour.一小时有三千六百秒..I’ll be ready in a second. 我马上就准备好了..※adj. 第二February is the second month of the year. 二月是一年里的第二个月..38. competition n. 竞赛;比赛;竞争；compete v. 比赛；竞争take part in the writing competition 参加写作比赛in the drawing competition 在绘画竞赛中39. test n. 测试;考查；in the English test 在英语测试中exam n. 考试take/have an exam 举行考试He failed his driving test. 他没通过汽车驾驶考试..We have our maths test every week. 我们每周举行一次数学测验..40. swim n. & v. 游泳；swimming n. 游泳; swimmer n. 游泳者one of the most famous swimmers 最着名的游泳者之一41. plan※n. 打算;计划future plans 未来计划；make a plan for sth. 制订某物的计划Do you have any plans for the new term新的学期里你有什么打算吗※v. 打算;计划plan to do sth. 计划做某事They planning to build a bridge. 他们在计划建造一座桥..42. social adj. 社会的Social Science 社会科学；social change 社会的变化social worker 社会工作者society n. 社会do something useful for the society 为社会做点有益的事43. ponytail n. 马尾辫；pony小型马; tail 尾巴Do you know the girl with a ponytail 你认识那个梳着马尾辫的女孩吗44. shy adj. 害羞的；a shy girl 一个害羞的女孩Don’t be shy. We are all friends. 别害羞;我们都是朋友..45. square※adj. 方形的have a square face 有张四方形的脸※Cn. 正方形 A square has four sides. 正方形有四条边..※ C n.广场Tiananmen Square is in Beijing. 天安门广场在北京..※C n.数学平方36 is the square of 6. 36是6的平方..46. handsome adj. 英俊的He was a handsome boy with large; bright eyes and golden hair.他是个英俊的少年;长着大而明亮的眼睛和金黄色的头发..47. fat※adj. 胖的fat---fatter---fattestHe’s much fatter than he was last year. 他比去年胖多了..※n. 脂肪Sugar can be changed into fat. 糖可变成脂肪..48. hard-working adj. 勤奋的反lazy 懒惰的Usually girls are more hard-working than boys. 通常女孩们比男孩勤奋些..hard work 辛苦的工作work hard 努力工作;认真学习This is hard work; but I will work hard at it.这是份辛苦的工作;但我将努力干好..48. patient ※adj. 耐心的反impatient 急躁的;不耐烦的Please be patient. 请耐心点儿..You must be very patient with her; as she is only a child.你对她一定要非常耐心; 因为她只是个孩子..b e p a t i e n t w i t h….对……有耐心※patient n. 病人The patient is getting better. 病人正在逐渐好转..49. happy --- unhappy = sadhappy---happier---happiest---happily---happinessThe unhappy child is crying. 那个伤心的孩子在哭..50. excellent adj. 杰出的;极好的= very goodan excellent student 一个杰出的学生make an excellent teacher 成为一个杰出的老师be excellent in…. 在……杰出。

写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
①important_______ _______ ②hot_______ _______
③busy_______ _______ ④popular_______ _______
⑤sad_______ _______ ⑥fine_______ _______
⑦exciting_______ _______ ⑧thin_______ _______
探究点二：形容词的比较级和最高级有何用法？
[指点迷津] 在没有作任何比较时，用形容词原级；将两个人或事物进行比较时用形容词的比较级＋than;将两个以上的人或事物进行比较时用the＋形容词的最高级＋比较范围。

He is very tall.
他很高。

(没有作任何比较用形容词原级tall)
He is taller than I．
他比我高。

(两者进行比较时用形容词的比较级taller＋than)
He is the tallest of us three.
他是我们三个人中最高的。

（两者以上进行比较时用形容词的最高级the tallest＋比较范围）
用所给单词的适当形式填空
⑨My room is_______(big).
⑩My brother is_______ (strong) than me.
(11)This pair of trousers is_______(expensive) in the shop.
即时练习
( )1. Liuzhou is_______ than Shanghai.。

8A Unit 5 Look it up 语法点详解Dinosaurs1 . look up查阅，抬头看，look up the word in the dictionary（字典）注意：由动词和副词构成的词组，代词只能放在词组中间如：pick it out , put it up. take it out, turn it down, work it ourlook考纲词组汇集：_____________ 希望___________查找_____________看___________照顾_____________ 小心___________ 看起来像2. buy/ make/ do/cook sb sth= buy/ make/ do/cook sth____ sb.give/ send/ deliver/ show sb.sth = give/ send/ deliver/ show ste____ sb.3. sixty million years ago 6000万年前1000 万年前_______________ 2000个同学____________________500个苹果_______________ 上百个同学____________上千个房子_________________4. as small as chickensas…as （so…as只能用于否定）和…一样的中间只能用adj./adv. 的原级Tim 和我一样高。

_____________________________Tin 跑得和我一样快。

____________________________否定句时，要根据时态确定，加相应的助动词。

Tim isn‟t as tall I/ Tim doesn‟t run as quickly as I.难点：as…as = the same+ n. + as1）Some dinosaurs are as small as chickens.=Some dinosaurs are the same size as chickens.2）This bay is as heavy as that one.=This bay is the same ( )as that one.3.) Tim is as tall as I = Tim is _______ ________ __________as I.5. harm [U] n.危害v.损害。

牛津英语8A Unit8 Grammar 专项讲解一、定义过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。

二、结构was/were +doing (现在分词）2.1 过去进行时的构成肯定句：主语+ was/were + 现在分词...否定句：主语+ was/were + not + 现在分词...疑问句：Was/Were + 主语+ 现在分词...?疑问代词/疑问副词+ was/were + 主语+ 现在分词...?2.2 过去进行时的肯定句句型：主语+ was/were + 现在分词...过去进行时的构成方式：All the pupils were writing their homework in the classroom then.那时，所有的小学生都在教室里写作业。

By the time we got there，it was already getting dark.等我们赶到那里时，天已经黑下来了。

2.3 过去进行时的否定句句型：主语+ was/were + not + 现在分词...过去进行时的否定句是在助动词was/were后加not，后接现在分词：They were not playing basketball，but playing volleyball.他们不是在打篮球，而是打排球。

2.4 过去进行时的一般疑问句句型：Was/Were + 主语+ 现在分词...?回答方式：Yes，主语+ was/were...No，主语+ was/were + not...过去进行时的一般疑问句是将助动词was/were置于主语之前（大写was/were的第一个字母），在句尾加问号；这种语序是主语和谓语倒装语序：Were you having dinner when they came? —Yes，we were./No，we weren't.他们来的时候，你们是否在吃饭? ——是的，在吃饭。

⽜津译林版⼋年级英语全册语法知识点总结8A语法Unit 1 Friends形容词⽐较级和最⾼级的变化规则1.规则变化:(1)⼀般形容词+er +est (shorter, smaller, smallest )(2)以e 结尾的形容词+r +st (nicer, larger, largest)(3)以辅⾳字母加y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 再+er, est (busier, busiest; heavier, heaviest)(4)以重读闭⾳节结尾的形容词双写辅⾳字母+er, est 熟记：⼤（big)热（hot）天,⼀个穿红（red）⾐浑⾝湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）⼦想要变得⼜瘦（thin）⼜苗条（slim）2.不规则变化(1)good(well)-better-best(2) many(much)-more-most(3)ill(bad, badly)-worse-worst(4) far-farther (further)-farthest (furthest)(5) little-less-least(6) few-fewer-fewest3.多⾳节的形容词⽐较级和最⾼级在词前加more , mostdelicious-more delicious-the most delicious popular-more popular-the most popular注意: 1 形容词的最⾼级前必须有the, ⽽副词的最⾼级前the 可省略2.⽐较级前常⽤a bit, a little, much, a lot, even, far 等词表⽰程度.3.形容词⽐较级⽤来⽐较两者(⼈或事)句中常有than; 形容词最⾼级⽤来⽐较三者或三者以上(⼈或事), 句中常有in 或of 短语表⽰⽐较范围.4. as+adj.+as (和------⼀样------) / not as/so +adj.+ as (不如------，不及------)Unit 2 School life⼀、⽐较事物的数量1.many (修饰可数名词）／much (修饰不可数名词）----more ----mostmore + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+ than ……⽐……数量多e.g. I have more friends than you.2.few (修饰可数名词) ----fewer----fewestlittle (修饰不可数名词）----less----leastfewer +可数名词复数+ than ……⽐……数量少e.g. There are fewer boys than girls in our class.less + 不可数名词+than ……⽐……数量少e.g. I spend less money on food than my sister.3.the fewest +可数名词复数在……中最少He has the fewest books.4.the least +不可数名词在……中最少She has the least money of us.5.the most + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词最多Daniel has the most money.⼆、副词的⽐较级和最⾼级（构成⽅法及⽤法与形容词基本相同）1.⼀般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，hard-harder-hardest fast-faster-fastest loud-louder-loudest2、部分双⾳节词和多⾳节词分别在原级前加more构成⽐较级和most构成最⾼级，例如:slowly-more slowly-most slowly clearly-more clearly-most clearlycarefully-more carefully-most carefully3、副词⽐较级和最⾼级的不规则变化well-better-best badly-worse-worstfar-farther/further-farthest/furthestUnit 3 A day out⼀、as…as的⽤法表⽰A与B在某⼀⽅⾯程度相同或不同时⽤形容词/副词原级。

牛津初中英语8Aunit3 词组1 climb the hill 爬山2 keep fit 保持健康3 need to exercise and keep health 需要锻炼和保持健康4 come on 过来5 enjoy oneself 过得愉快6 take her to different places 带她去不同的地方7 organize a day out for her 为她安排一天外出游玩8 make a plan 制订计划9 take a boat trip 乘船旅游take a boat trip to sp. 乘船到某地旅游10 go past the Opera House 路过歌剧院11 go to the top of the Eiffel Tower 到埃菲尔塔顶上去12 on the top of the hill 在山顶上14 the President of the USA 美国总统15 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事16 invite sb to dinner 邀请某人吃饭17 join in their school trip to the World Park 加入他们学校去世界公园的旅游18 at the beginning 在开始时19 at the beginning of （the meeting/the movie）在（会议/电影）开始时20 get on a coach 上大巴get off 下车21 get into a car 上小汽车get out of a car 下小汽车22 by coach 乘大巴21 a lot of traffic 交通繁忙23 on the city roads 在城市的道路上on the highway 在乡镇间的道路上24 feel sick 感到不适，呕吐25 become excited 变得兴奋、激动26 be made of 由……制成27 go into the park 进入公园28 arrive at （the World Park）到达（世界公园）29 places of interest 名胜30 all over the world 全世界31 believe one’s （eyes / ears）相信某人的（眼睛看到的/耳朵听到的）32 an amazing day 惊奇的一天33 a song and dance parade 一次歌舞游行34 join in the dancing 加入跳舞活动中35 make a home page 制作一个个人主页36 some photos of the trip 一些旅游的照片37 teach oneself / learn sth by oneself 自学38 go and see for oneself 亲自去看看39 take a look at the photos 看一看相片40 the Fragrant Hills 香山41 The Palace Museum 故宫42 the Summer Palace 颐和园43 Tian’anmen Square 天安门广场44the Monument to the People’s Heroes 人民英雄纪念碑45 red maple leaves 红叶46 feel the beauty of the old park 感受古老园林的美景47 walk slowly around the big lake 绕着大湖慢慢地走48 be far away (from……) 远离49 go horse riding 骑马50 ride a horse 骑马51 travel by underground to the Summer Palace 乘地铁到颐和园旅行52 show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. 把某物给某人看53 take photos 照相54 watch the sunset 看日落55 climb the rocks 攀岩56 play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏57 keep their secret to themselves 保守他们的秘密58 keep……to oneself 保守秘密，不告诉别人keep sth from sb 瞒着某人59 the basketball final 篮球决赛60 take place=happen 发生，举行61 cheer for our team 为我们的对喝彩62 with your support 在你的支持下without one’s help 在无某人的帮助下63 cost of the trip 旅途费用64 receive the medals 获得奖牌65 take the underground to the center of Beijing 乘地铁到北京市中心去66 per person 每个人67 plan a day out for her 为她安排一天的外出68 change to the bus 换乘公共汽车69 take the bus all the way to the Palace Museum 一直乘公共汽车到故宫70 as soon as possible =as soon as sb can/could 尽快例as early as possible 尽早as much/many as possible 尽量多71 pack my bags 把我的包装箱72 go to the airport 去机场73 play badly 打得差74 go climbing on rocks 攀岩75 win the basketball final 赢得了篮球决赛76 at first 起先77 be afraid 恐怕78 in the final of 在……最后，在……决赛中◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆or的用法归纳◆■表示选择，意为“或”“还是”：Is the radio off or on? 无线电关上了还是开着的?Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜欢茶还是咖啡？Is he asleep or awake? 他睡着了还是醒着?Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机？You may go or stay, according as you decide. 是去是留由你自己决定。

8A U7Nobody wins(2)同步与提高课文ReviewEscaping from GorkPart IIIAfter his supper, Gork lay down on his bed and fell asleep almost immediately. He started to snore. The noise s_____1_____ the cave.‘Listen, everyone,’ I said. ‘Here’s my plan.’From my pocket, I took my small, p_____2_____ laser torch. Because it was in a plastic case, the magnet could not a_____3_____ it. ‘We’ll use this to escape from the cage.’ I said. ‘First, I’ll melt the bars and then…’Peter i_____4_____ me. ‘I know, Captain. Then you’ll use the torch to kill Gork.’‘Use your brain,’ I said. ‘If we kill Gork, how will we escape? We’re too weak to open the door. Here’s what we’ll do! We’ll…’Moments later, we were all out of the cage. I went o_____5_____ to the bed, and stood beside Gork’s head. I said l_____6_____, ‘Gork, this is Nobody.’ Gork woke up. I aimed the torch at his eye and pressed the b_____7_____. The laser beam hit Gork in the eye.Gork r_____8_____, ‘I can’t see! My eye! The noise brought the kangaroos running into the room. ‘What’s wrong, Gork?’ they shouted.Gork shouted back, ‘It’s Nobody. Nobody attacked me. Nobody damaged my eye.’The kangaroos laughed and said, ‘Nobody attacked him. Gork’s having a bad dream. Let’s go back to bed. Good night, Gork.’【答案】1.shook 2.powerful 3.attract 4.interrupted 5.over 6.loudly 7.button 8.roared根据音标写单词8A U7Vocabulary（牛津）【答案】per escape kill lie snore laser torch case attract interrupt moment aim beam hit attack damage finished whisper panic freedom figure silently search crash base petrol decide词汇语法复习（1）8A U7词性转换整理【答案】1.attract attraction attractive attractively 2.finished finish 3.base basic4.freedom free freely5.silently silent silence 6.decide decision根据中文写出相应的英文1. kill v. 杀死，消磨E.g. 1) His wife __________ _________（被杀死）in a car accident.2)What do you usually do to __________ _________（消磨时间）?【答案】1.was killed 2.kill time2. lie v. 躺，平卧，说谎E.g. 1) He ____________________（躺在床上）and fell asleep.2)The baby ____________________仰卧）.3)He ________（说谎）about his age. He said he was 16 but in fact he was 14.4)She told me a _________（谎言）.【答案】y on the bed 2.was lying on its back 3.lied 4.lie3. case n. 容器，盒，案件，病例，情形E.g. 1) Put the camera back in its _________（盒子）.2)There are four _________（病例）of this disease in the school last month.3)-There’s no coffee. - Well, ________________（既然如此）we’ll have tea.4)______________________________ 一桩谋杀案【答案】1.case 2.cases 3.in that case 4.a murder case4.attract v. 吸引E.g. 1) Magnets __________（吸）iron and steel.2)Last night’s concert __________（吸引了）a big crowd.3)She wears very ___________（吸引人的）clothes.4)Mount Zijin is one of the ___________（吸引力）in Nanjing.【答案】1.attract 2.attracted 3.attractive 4.attractions5. interrupt v. 打扰，插嘴E.g. 1) _________________________________.（不要打扰我）2)It’s not polite to __________（插嘴）when someone is talking.3)The __________（中断）of electricity made us unable to do anything.【答案】1.attract 2.attracted 3.attractive 4.attractions6. aim v. 瞄准，对准E.g. 1) He __________（瞄准）his gun at the enemy.2)It is now our __________（目标）to set up a factory.【答案】1.aimed 2.aim7. attack v. 袭击，攻击E.g. 1) The enemy __________（袭击）our airport last night.2)The planes began their ___________（攻击）on the city.【答案】1.attacked 2.attack8. damage v. 损害，毁坏，破坏E.g. 1) Eating too much sweet food can _____________________（伤害牙齿）.2)The car was not ___________（损坏）badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt.3)The earthquake did a lot of ____________（破坏）to the city.【答案】1.damage your teeth 2.damaged 3.damages9. finished adj. 垮台，失败，完蛋E.g. 1) If the bank refuses to lead us the money, we’re _________（完蛋了）.2)All is __________（结束了）now.【答案】1.finished 2.finished10. freedom n. 自由E.g. 1) The children enjoyed the _________（自由）of the school holidays.2)The prisoner wished to be _________（自由的）again.3)You can speak __________（自由地）in front of me.4)He __________（释放）the bird.【答案】1.freedom 2.free 3.freely 4.freed11. silently adv. 悄悄地，静静地E.g. 1) The cat was creeping ___________（悄悄地）towards the mouse.2)We finished breakfast ___________（默默地）.3)He was ____________（沉默的）for a moment.4)No one broke the long ___________（沉寂）.【答案】1.silently 2.silently 3.silent 4.silence12.search v. 搜查，查找E.g. 1) Police __________（搜身）everyone present at the scene of the crime.2)He __________（搜查）every room in the house.3)We _______________________（正在搜寻）an enemy officer in our city. 【答案】1.searched 2.searched 3.were searching for（2）8A U7重难点1.介词1）地点介词2）时间介词3）介词固定搭配。

牛津译林版8AU1知识点讲解1.知识目标：学生能够掌握八上U1的单词与句型。

2.技能目标：学生能够掌握形容词比较级和最高级用法。

3.情感目标：学生能够有意识将知识和考点相结合。

形容词比较级和最高级用法知识点01：something用法【用法详解】1.不定代词（something,anything,everything,somebody等）充当句子主语时，谓语动词用三单。

2.形容词修饰像something这样的不定代词时，要置于不定代词之后。

如something beautiful.【典例讲解】Something_______ wrong with my bicycle, so I have to walk home.There’s _______________(没什么有趣的事情) in today’s newspaper.【答案】is;nothing interesting.【拓展】some可用在肯定句中，此外，some 有时也可以用在疑问句或条件句中，表示请求、建议，并期望得到对方的肯定回答。

例：1.Do you want some?2.Can I have something to drink, please?3.Can I have some more food too?知识点02：kind用法【用法详解】1.kind adj.善良的，友好的；短语：be kind to...对...友好2.n.种类短语：a kind of 一种... all kinds of 各种各样的different kinds of 不同种类的...【典例讲解】1.I think rabbit is much _______(kind) than the sheep mayor(市长）in the film Zootopia.2.You should be kind _____the old because everyone will become old in the future.3.You can see all ____of animals in the zoo.【答案】kinder；A；kinds知识点03：some more用法【用法详解】1.some more 再来一些如：some more food 再来一些食物2.数字+more+名词复数=another+数字+名词复数3.one more+名词单数=another+名词单数【典例讲解】1.翻译：再给我两个星期。

8A Unit 3 Dealing with trouble语法点讲解1. deal [v.] (过去式_______过去分词_________, )Deal with sth. / sb. 处理E.g.1你怎么处理麻烦?________________________E.g.2 *What do you_________the old books?2. happen [v.] 发生，碰巧E.g.1 Sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事昨天什么事情发生到peter身上？__________________________________________E.g.2 happen to do sth.. 碰巧，不巧做了某事我昨天碰巧在超市遇到peter。

_____________________________________________3. keep quiet （系+adj=系表）保持安静Read quietly（副修动）默读4. wait for 男服务员___________ 女服务员______________E.g.1你正在等谁?____________________________________E.g.2我们正在等老师。

___________________________________5. suddenly [adv.] 突然地[adj.___________________6. argue [v.] 争吵n,_______________7. 翻译：两个男游客___________ 三个男老师，___________四个男医生______________两个女游客___________ 三个女老师，___________四个女医生______________ 8. hold [v.] (过去式_________, 过去分词__________)有关hold的词组：hold out 伸出，端出/ hold a meeting _________/ hold up ___________ hold on _____________/ hold one’ s breath__________9. crowd [n,] <C> 人群______________ [adj.]拥挤的E.g. The hall was _____________with students.大厅里挤满了学生10. stare [v.]/[n.] 盯，凝视(stared, stared, staring)stare at sb. 盯着某人看E.g. 1 It’ s rude to stare at other people.11. go on 发生，继续1) What’ s going on? = What’ s_________?12. through指从某个物体的内部空间通过，贯穿。

牛津译林版八年级英语上册8A Unit 1一、【精选词汇】重点短语1. have something to drink喝点东西→to drink动词不定式作定语(p6)〈知识链接〉见9A Unit3 Grammar，详细总结动词不定式作定语的用法。

〈用法拓展〉have something to eat吃点东西，have a lot of homework to do有许多作业要做2. have some more food再有/要些食物〈知识链接〉some more＋不可数名词或名词复数形式，more是many/much的比较级，意为“再，又”。

some可以更换为基数词,如：two more boys=another two boys〈用法拓展〉⑴基数词＋more＋名词复数＝another＋基数词＋名词复数注意more和another的位置相反。

特殊形式要熟记：one more minute＝another minute练一练：还有10个人①ten people ②ten people3. nothing else 没有别的东西〈知识链接〉⑴不定代词分类：①表示人：somebody/someone, anybody, nobody/no one, everybody/everyone②表示物：something, anything, nothing, everything⑵不定代词用法：①不定代词作句子主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，none除外。

②不定代词的修饰语要放在不定代词之后。

如：不定代词＋形容词，不定代词＋不定式。

⑶else通常放在不定代词、疑问词之后，如：①somebody/anybody/nobody/something/anything/nothing else②somewhere/anywhere else③ what/who/where/ else⑷someone else’s, anyone else’s别人的，不能写成someone’s else, anyone’s else。

译林版初中英语八年级上册全册各单元知识点归纳整理译林版初中英语八年级上册Unit 1 Friends重点短语：1.一个诚实的男孩 an honest boy2.一个八年级的学生 a Grade 8 student3.一次写作比赛 a writing competition4.一则……的广告 an advertisement for5.保密keep secrets6.使我开心make me happy7.分享我的快乐share my joy8.遇到麻烦be in trouble9.和我一样苗条as slim as me10.一个我最好的朋友one of my best friends11.对……慷慨be generous to12.乐意做某事be willing/ ready to do13.给需要的人让座give seats to people in need14.环游世界travel around the world15.使他看起来聪明make him look smart16.感到无聊feel bored17.讲滑稽的笑话tell funny jokes18.走过课桌walk past the desk19.撞翻我的书knock over my books20.想起我的好朋友think of my good friends21.看一则广告read an advertisement22.一位忠实的朋友an honest friend23.及肩的头发shoulder-length hair24.做大量的电脑工作do much computer work25.投票赞成某人vote for sb.26.帮助有需要的人help people in need27.课外活动after-school activities28.尽力帮助他们try to help them29.一名社会工作者 a social worker30.未来计划future plans31.看起来爱好运动look sporty32.搬迁到北京move to Beijng33.过来come over34.想念我的老同学miss my old classmates35.与……交朋友make friends with36.给我一些忠告give my some advice37.住在隔壁live next door38.邀请某人做某事invite sb to do39.她微笑的眼睛her smiling eyes40.面带微笑wear a smile on one’s face41.再来一些饮料some more drinks42.一些喝的something to drink43.任何时间at any time44.在将来in the future45.对……很了解know sth. very well46.一个人坐着sit alone47.认识某人get to know sb.48.不如not as… as49.在做某事上有困难have problems doing sth.50.在某事上有困难have problems with sth.51.适合某事be suitable for52.和某人分享某物share sth with sb53.对某人友好be friendly to sb54.十年前ten years ago55.解出数学题solve the maths problem56.写信给某人write to sb57.说某人的坏话say a bad word about sb58.相信他说的话believe what he said/ his words59.倾听人们的难题listen to people’s problems60.帮助人们解决难题help people solve their problems61.因为……而出名be famous for62.作为……而出名be famous as63.个像艾伦那样的朋友have a friend like Alan64.在午餐期间during lunch time65.同意做某事agree to do66.同意某人的意见agree with sb67.在左边的那个男孩the boy on the left68.跑步最快的人the fastest runner69.A和B都both A and B重点句型：1.冰箱里没有别的东西。

牛津译林版八年级上册8A Unit 4 Do it yourself词汇趣味讲解instruction n. 指示，用法说明，操作指南Here are clear instructions. Read them first. Follow the instructions on the packet carefully. 仔细按照包装上的说明操作。

I'm under instructions to keep my speech short. 我接到指示讲话要简短。

had better (=‘d better) 最好had better do sthIt's half past two. I think we had better go home. 现在两点半了。

我想我们最好还是回家吧。

tool n. 工具，用具，器具，手段You’d better get some tools.Always select the right tool for the job. 一定要选对干活的工具。

brush n. 刷子，画笔We each had a brush and some paint.我们每人都有一把刷子和一些油漆。

v. （用刷子）刷，涂，抹How often do you brush your teeth? 你多久刷一次牙？Using a small brush, he brushed away the fine sawdust.他用一把小刷子刷掉细锯末。

glue n. 胶水，胶I made a model out of paper and glue.我用纸和胶水制作了一个模型。

v. （用胶水）粘合，粘贴She glued the label onto the box. 她把标签贴在箱子上。

rope n. 绳索The rope broke and she fell 50 metres onto the rocks.绳索断了，她从50米的高空摔到了岩石上。