江苏省南京市英语高二上学期复习试题及答案指导一、听力第一节（本大题有5小题，每小题1.5分，共7.5分）1、听力材料：W: Hi, John. How was your weekend?M: It was great, thanks. I went hiking with some friends and we saw some amazing wildlife.Question: What did John do over the weekend?A) He went hiking.B) He watched wildlife on TV.C) He had a relaxing weekend at home.D) He visited his friends.Answer: A) He went hiking.Explanation: The conversation clearly states that John went hiking with some friends over the weekend.2、听力材料：M: Hey, Lisa, have you decided which university you want to attend next year? W: Yes, I’ve decided to go to the University of Cambridge. I’ve always been fascinated by their history and academic programs.Question: Which university has Lisa decided to attend?A) University of OxfordB) University of CambridgeC) University of LondonD) University of EdinburghAnswer: B) University of Cambridge.Explanation: Lisa explicitly mentions that she has decided to go to the University of Cambridge, indicating her choice of university.3.You hear a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans.Student A: “Hey, are you planning to go anywhere this weekend?”Student B: “Yeah, actually, I’m thinking of going to the mountains. Do you want to come with me?”Question: What does Student B invite Student A to do?A) Go to the mountainsB) Stay homeC) Go to the beachD) Go shoppingAnswer: A) Go to the mountainsExplanation: Student B explicitly invites Student A to go with them to the mountains, which is indicated by the phrase “Do you want to come with me?”4.You hear a conversation between a teacher and a student in the school library.Teacher: “I see you’re studying for your history exam. How are youpreparing for it?”Student: “Well, I’ve been reading through my textbook and making notes, but I’m a bit worried about the essay question. Do you have any tips?”Question: What is the student concerned about?A) Passing the history examB) Writing the essay questionC) Understanding the textbookD) Finding study materialsAnswer: B) Writing the essay questionExplanation: The student expresses concern about the essay question in their exam, specifically asking the teacher for tips on how to approach it.5、Listen to the following conversation and answer the question.W: How many people are going to the beach this weekend?M: I heard that about 60 of us are planning to go. It’s going to be a big group.Question: How many people are planning to go to the beach this weekend?A) 30B) 60C) 90D) 120Answer: B) 60Explanation: The man men tions that “about 60 of us are planning to go.”This indicates that approximately 60 people are planning to go to the beach. Therefore, the correct answer is B) 60.二、听力第二节（本大题有15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分）1、You will hear a conversation between two friends, Lily and Tom, about their weekend plans. What activity does Lily suggest they do together?A)Go hiking in the mountainsB)Visit a museum downtownC)Watch a movie at homeD)Play tennis at the parkAnswer: B) Visit a museum downtownExplanation: In the conversation, Lily mentions that there is a new exhibition at the museum downtown that she would love to see with Tom, indicating that visiting the museum is her suggestion for the weekend activity.2、After hearing the same conversation, what reason does Tom give for not being able to go with Lily right away?A)He has homework to finishB)He needs to help his sister moveC)His parents are expecting him for lunchD)He has to study for an upcoming examAnswer: A) He has homework to finishExplanation: During the dialogue, Tom explains to Lily that he has some pending assignments that he needs to complete before he can join her for themuseum visit, showing that his homework is the reason he cannot go immediately.3.You’re listening to a conversatio n between a student and a teacher in an English class.Student: “Teacher, can you explain the difference between ‘affect’ and ‘effect’ again?”Teacher: “Certainly, the word ‘affect’ is a verb that means to have an influence on something. For example, the music affects my mood. On the other hand, ‘effect’ is a noun that refers to the result or consequence of something. For instance, the music has a calming effect on me.”Question: What is the difference between ‘affect’ and ‘effect’ according to the teacher?Answer: A) Affect is a noun, and effect is a verb.B) Affect is a verb, and effect is a noun.C) Affect is a result, and effect is an influence.D) Effect is a result, and affect is a cause.Correct Answer: B) Affect is a verb, and effect is a noun.4.Listen to a short dialogue between two friends discussing a book they recently read.Friend 1: “I just finished reading ‘To Kill a Mockingbird.’ What did you think of it?”Friend 2: “I really enjoyed it. The characters were well-developed, and the story had a powerful message about racial injustice.”Question: What is the main topic of the conversation?A) The difficulty of the bookB) The plot of the bookC) The characters and their developmentD) The author’s writing styleCorrect Answer: C) The characters and their development.5、What does the student need help with?•A) Finding books on ancient history.•B) Renewing his library card.•C) Checking out a magazine.Answer: A) Finding books on ancient history.Explanation: In the conversation, the student specifically asks the librarian for assistance in locating resources about ancient civilizations, indicating he needs help finding books on ancient history.6、Why can’t the student find the books he needs?•A) The books are checked out by other students.•B) The books are misplaced in the library.•C) He is looking in the wrong section of the library.Answer: C) He is looking in the wrong section of the library.Explanation: The librarian informs the student that the books on ancient history are actually located in the non-fiction section rather than the general history area where the student had been searching.End of Section B.7.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans. Listen to the conversation and answer the question.Question: What does the student suggest doing for the weekend?A. Visiting the museum.B. Going to a movie.C. Hiking in the mountains.D. Staying at home.Answer: C. Hiking in the mountains.Explanation: In the conversation, one student mentions that they heard there are some beautiful trails in the mountains and suggests going for a hike. The other student agrees, indicating that they are interested in hiking as well.8.You will hear a short lecture about the impact of social media on young adults. Listen to the lecture and answer the question.Question: What is the main concern expressed by the lecturer about the use of social media by young adults?A. The lack of privacy.B. The decrease in face-to-face interactions.C. The potential for cyberbullying.D. The addiction to social media.Answer: D. The addiction to social media.Explanation: The lecturer discusses how young adults can become overly dependent on social media platforms, leading to negative effects such as sleepdisturbances, decreased productivity, and mental health issues. The lecturer emphasizes the addiction aspect of social media usage as the main concern.9、What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of the Industrial Revolution.B) Innovations in modern technology.C) The impact of technology on society.D) Environmental concerns related to technology.Answer: CExplanation: The passage discussed how technological advancements have affected various aspects of life, including communication, work, and daily routines, making option C the most appropriate summary of the main topic.10、According to the passage, what has technology made easier for people?A) Traveling to distant galaxies.B) Performing complex mathematical calculations without calculators.C) Communicating with others regardless of geographical location.D) Growing food without using soil.Answer: CExplanation: In the passage, it was mentioned that technology has revolutionized communication, allowing individuals to connect with one another across great distances effortlessly, which aligns with option C.11.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their study plans. Listen carefully and answer the question.What subject does the student prefer to study more?A. MathB. ScienceC. LiteratureD. HistoryAnswer: CExplanation: In the conversation, the student says, “I really like reading novels and analyzing characters, so I think literature is the subject I should focus on more.”12.You will hear a short dialogue between a teacher and a student about a school project. Listen carefully and answer the question.What is the deadline for the project?A. Next MondayB. Two weeks from todayC. The end of this monthD. The beginning of next monthAnswer: BExplanation: The teacher mentions, “The deadline for the project is two weeks from today, so make sure to submit it by then.”13、What does the woman suggest the man do to improve his presentation skills?A. Practice more in front of a mirror.B. Join a public speaking club.C. Read books on effective communication.Answer: B. Join a public speaking club.Explanation: In the dialogue, the woman advises the man that joining a public speaking club could help him gain confidence and receive feedback from others, which would be beneficial for improving his presentation skills.14、How will the man benefit from f ollowing the woman’s advice?A. He will learn how to manage his time better.B. He will get opportunities to practice in a supportive environment.C. He will be able to read more about communication theories.Answer: B. He will get opportunities to practice in a supportive environment.Explanation: The woman mentions that by participating in a public speaking club, the man will have multiple chances to give presentations and speeches in front of a group that can provide constructive criticism, helping him to enhance his abilities in a non-judgmental setting.15.How many books does the man plan to read this semester?A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 25Answer: B. 15Explanation: The man mentions that he has set a goal to read 15 books thissemester to broaden his knowledge.三、阅读第一节（第1题7.5分，其余每题10分，总37.5分）First QuestionPassage:The Importance of SleepSleep is a fundamental part of human life, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining our physical health as well as our mental wellbeing. During sleep, the body repairs itself, the brain processes new information learned during the day, and memories are consolidated. The average adult needs about 7 to 9 hours of sleep per night, but many people do not get enough rest due to various factors such as work schedules, stress, or poor sleep habits.Not getting enough sleep can lead to serious health issues. For example, chronic sleep deprivation has been linked to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, insufficient sleep can impair cognitive functions like attention, judgment, and decision-making. On the other hand, good quality sleep has numerous benefits, including improved memory, mood regulation, and overall better health.To ensure you get the best sleep possible, experts recommend following a regular sleep schedule, creating a restful environment, and avoiding stimulants such as caffeine close to bedtime. It’s also important to manage stress effectively, as anxiety and worry can interfere with your ability to fall asleepand stay asleep.Questions:1、What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The consequences of chronic diseasesB. The importance of sleep for health and wellbeingC. Tips for improving one’s dietD. Techniques for managing stressAnswer: B. The importance of sleep for health and wellbeing2、According to the text, what can be a result of chronic sleep deprivation?A. Improved memoryB. Increased metabolismC. Cardiovascular diseaseD. Better mood regulationAnswer: C. Cardiovascular disease3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a recommendation for getting better sleep?A. Following a regular sleep scheduleB. Creating a restful environmentC. Consuming caffeine before bedD. Managing stress effectivelyAnswer: C. Consuming caffeine before bed4、How does good quality sleep affect cognitive functions?A. It impairs attention and judgmentB. It enhances decision-making and attentionC. It has no significant impact on cognitive abilitiesD. It decreases memory consolidationAnswer: B. It enhances decision-making and attention第二题Reading PassageIn the small coastal town of Seahaven, the summer months are a bustling time. Visitors from all over the world come to enjoy the beautiful beaches, the vibrant local culture, and the fresh seafood. However, the townsfolk are not only aware of the economic benefits that tourism brings but also the environmental impact it can have. The local council has been working on a series of initiatives to ensure that the town’s natural beauty is preserved while still benefiting from tourism.One of the key initiatives is the “Green Seahaven” program, which aims to educate tourists and residents about sustainable practices. The program includes activities such as beach cleanups, workshops on energy conservation, and the promotion of eco-friendly accommodations. The council also implemented a “No Plastic” policy in public areas, encouraging the use of reusable bags, bottles, and straws.Despite these efforts, some local businesses are worried that the new regulations might affect their revenue. The Sea Breeze Hotel, for example, hasbeen a favorite among tourists for decades. Its owner, Mr. Thompson, is concerned that the “No Plastic” policy will make the hotel less appealing.Below is an excerpt from an article about the “Green Seahaven” program.Excerpt from the Seahaven TimesThe “Green Seahaven” initiative has been a topic of much debate in our town. While some residents and businesses are supportive of the council’s efforts to protect our environment, others are worried about the potential impact on their livelihoods.1、What is the main purpose of the “Green Seahaven” program?A. To promote tourism in Seahaven.B. To educate tourists and residents about sustainable practices.C. To increase the number of eco-friendly accommodations.D. To ban plastic use in public areas.2、Why is Mr. Thompson worried about the “No Plastic” policy?A. He believes it will increase the cost of running the Sea Breeze Hotel.B. He fears it will make the hotel less appealing to tourists.C. He thinks it will lead to a decrease in tourism revenue.D. He worries it will cause a shortage of plastic bags in the town.3、What is the main concern of some local businesses regarding the “Green Seahaven” program?A. They believe it will create too much competition for their businesses.B. They are worried about the potential economic impact on their revenue.C. They think it will make the town less attractive to tourists.D. They fear it will result in a decrease in the quality of services provided.4、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a part of th e “Green Seahaven” program?A. Beach cleanups.B. Workshops on energy conservation.C. The promotion of eco-friendly accommodations.D. The introduction of a new tax on tourists.Answers:1.B2.B3.B4.DThird QuestionRead the following passage carefully and then answer the questions below: The Digital Divide: Bridging the GapIn today’s interconnected world, access to digital technology has become a necessity rather than a luxury. The term “digital divide” refers to th e gap between those who have ready access to computers and the Internet, and those who do not, due to socioeconomic differences. While the digital divide is often discussed in terms of developing countries versus developed ones, it also exists within nations and even within communities. Various initiatives have beenlaunched globally to address this issue, recognizing that being digitally excluded can have significant negative impacts on education, employment opportunities, and social inclusion.One such initiative is the Digital Inclusion Project (DIP), which aims to provide computer literacy training and affordable internet access to underprivileged areas. DIP believes that by equipping individuals with the skills to navigate the digital world, they are empowering them to improve their quality of life. Critics argue, however, that simply providing access and training may not be enough, as systemic issues related to poverty and inequality must also be addressed for meaningful change to occur.Despite these challenges, the progress made by organizations like DIP highlights the importance of continuing efforts to bridge the digital divide. As technology continues to evolve rapidly, ensuring equitable access becomes ever more critical for fostering a more inclusive society.Questions:1、What does the term “digital divide” refer to?Answer: The gap between individuals who have easy access to digital technologies like computers and the Internet and those who do not, primarily due to socioeconomic disparities.2、What is the goal of the Digital Inclusion Project (DIP)?Answer: The goal of DIP is to provide computer literacy training and affordable internet access to underprivileged areas to empower individualsthrough digital skills.3、According to the critics, what additional factor needs to be considered besides access and training to effectively bridge the digital divide?Answer: Critics suggest that systemic issues related to poverty and inequality must also be addressed for there to be meaningful change.4、Why is bridging the digital divide important according to the passage?Answer: Bridging the digital divide is important because it fosters a more inclusive society and ensures equitable access to evolving technologies, which is critical for improving education, employment opportunities, and social inclusion.第四题Reading passageOne of the most fascinating aspects of human history is the development of languages. Languages have allowed humans to communicate, share knowledge, and preserve their culture over generations. The evolution of languages has been shaped by various factors, including cultural exchanges, technological advancements, and social changes. In this section, we will explore the fascinating history of language development.The first human languages were likely simple, consisting of basic sounds and gestures. Over time, these languages evolved into complex systems with rich vocabulary and grammatical structures. One of the earliest forms of writing was developed in Sumer, an ancient civilization in Mesopotamia. This writing system,known as cuneiform, allowed for the recording of transactions, laws, and religious texts.1、What is one of the most fascinating aspects of human history?A. The development of technologyB. The development of languagesC. The discovery of new landsD. The development of art2、What was the likely earliest form of human language?A. A complex system with rich vocabularyB. A writing system like cuneiformC. Simple sounds and gesturesD. A written language3、In which ancient civilization was cuneiform developed?A. Ancient EgyptB. SumerC. GreeceD. Rome4、What was one of the purposes of cuneiform writing?A. To preserve religious textsB. To record transactionsC. To develop a complex writing systemD. All of the aboveAnswers:1、B2、C3、B4、D四、阅读第二节（12.5分）Reading Section IIPassage:The rise of the internet has brought about significant changes in the way we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. One of the most noticeable effects has been the shift from traditional print media to digital media. This shift has had a profound impact on the publishing industry, particularly on newspapers and magazines.Newspapers have been around for centuries, serving as the primary source of news and information for most people. However, with the advent of the internet, the traditional newspaper industry has faced numerous challenges. Many newspapers have seen a decline in circulation as readers turn to online sources for news. This decline in circulation has, in turn, led to a decrease in advertising revenue, which is the main source of income for most newspapers.Magazines, on the other hand, have also been affected by the digital revolution. While some magazines have successfully transitioned to digitalplatforms, others have struggled to keep up with the changing times. Many readers now prefer to read articles on their smartphones or tablets, which has made it more difficult for print magazines to attract and retain subscribers.Despite these challenges, some newspapers and magazines have managed to thrive in the digital age. They have done so by embracing the opportunities offered by digital media. For example, they have started to offer online subscriptions, which allow readers to access their content from any device. They have also began to experiment with new forms of storytelling, such as interactive articles and videos.One of the most significant changes brought about by the digital revolution is the increased accessibility of information. With the internet, people can now access news and information from all over the world in real-time. This has democratized the media landscape, allowing individuals to become their own publishers and share their own stories.However, this increased accessibility also comes with its own set of challenges. The sheer volume of information available online can be overwhelming, and it can be difficult to determine the reliability and accuracy of the information. This has led to concerns about the spread of misinformation and fake news.Questions:1.What is the main impact of the rise of the internet on newspapers?2.How has the digital revolution affected the magazine industry?3.What are some strategies that newspapers and magazines have adopted to thrive in the digital age?4.What is one of the most significant changes brought about by the digital revolution in media?5.What challenges does the increased accessibility of information online present?Answers:1.The main impact of the rise of the internet on newspapers is a decline in circulation and advertising revenue.2.The digital revolution has affected the magazine industry by making it more difficult to attract and retain subscribers.3.Some strategies that newspapers and magazines have adopted to thrive in the digital age include offering online subscriptions and experimenting with new forms of storytelling.4.One of the most significant changes brought about by the digital revolution in media is the increased accessibility of information.5.The increased accessibility of information online presents challenges such as the spread of misinformation and fake news.五、语言运用第一节 _ 完形填空（15分）完形填空Once upon a time, in a small village, there lived a humble farmer named John.John was a kind-hearted man who was always willing to help his neighbors. One day, a stranger came to the village and asked for directions to the nearest town. John, without hesitation, offered to guide the stranger himself.As they walked together, the stranger noticed John’s simple lifestyle and began to admire his contentment. “John,” he said, “you seem very happy despite your modest living. What is the secret to your happiness?”John thought for a moment before answering. “The secret to my happiness,” he replied, “is not in owning things, but in sharing them. I have learned to appreciate the simple joys of life, like a warm sunrise, a cool breeze, and the laughter of my childre n.”The stranger was intrigued and decided to stay with John for a week to learn more about his philosophy. During that time, they shared many experiences together, from farming in the fields to storytelling by the fire. The stranger quickly realized that John’s way of life was indeed filled with happiness.One evening, as they sat on the porch, the stranger asked John, “Why do you think you are so happy, John? Do you not ever wish for more?”John smiled and said, “I believe that happiness is a choice, not a result.I have chosen to be happy, and that choice has led me to a fulfilling life. I don’t need more; I have everything I need right here.”The stranger left the village that week with a new perspective on life. He realized that happiness was not about accumulating wealth or possessions, but about finding joy in the simple things.填空题目：1.The story is set in a__________village.2.John is a__________man who is always willing to help his neighbors.3.The stranger came to the village to __________.4.John offered to__________the stranger himself.5.The stranger began to admire John’s__________lifestyle.6.The secret to John’s happiness is __________.7.John has learned to appreciate the__________of life.8.The stranger decided to stay with John for a__________to learn more about his philosophy.9.During their time together, they shared many __________.10.The stranger quickly realized that John’s way of life was __________.11.John sat on the__________that evening.12.The stranger asked John, “Why do you think you are so __________?”13.John replied that happiness is a __________.14.The stranger left the village with a__________on life.15.John believed that happiness was about __________.答案：1.small2.kind-hearted3.directions4.guide5.simple6.not in owning things, but in sharing them7.simple joys8.week9.experiences10.filled with happiness11.porch12.happy13.choice14.new perspective15.finding joy in the simple things六、语言运用第二节 _ 语法填空（15分）填空题目：63.One of my favorite things to do is to go [].A. apple pickingB. raking leavesC. cozying upD. reading a book答案：A. apple picking七、写作第一节 _ 应用文写作（15分）Section 7: WritingTask 1: Application LetterYou have recently graduated from high school and are applying for a summer internship at a local environmental organization. Write a letter to the hiring manager, expressing your interest in the position and highlighting your relevant skills and experiences.Example:[Your Name][Your Address][City, State, Zip Code][Email Address][Phone Number][Date][Recipient’s Name][Title][Company/Organization Name][Company/Organization Address][City, State, Zip Code]Dear Mr./Ms. [Recipient’s Last Name],I am writing to express my keen interest in the summer internship position at [Company/Organization Name], as advertised on your website. I am currentlya graduating high school senior with a strong passion for environmental issues and a desire to contribute to sustainable practices.During my high school years, I have actively participated in various environmental initiatives, including our school’s recycling program and community clean-up events. These experiences have not only honed my organizational and teamwork skills but also deepened my understanding of the importance of environmental stewardship.One of my most significant achievements was leading a group of volunteers to plant over 50 trees in a local park. This project required meticulous planning, coordination with park authorities, and effective communication with team members. Through this experience, I learned how to manage resources efficiently and how to inspire others to take action.In addition to my practical experience, I have also taken several courses related to environmental science and sustainability. My coursework has equipped me with knowledge about climate change, renewable energy sources, and waste reduction strategies. I am confident that this academic foundation, combined with my practical experience, will enable me to contribute effectively to your organization.I am particularly interested in the summer internship as it aligns perfectly with my career aspirations. I believe that working with your team will provide me with invaluable hands-on experience and the opportunity to learn from professionals in the field.。
