商务英语翻译第七单元课后翻译

❖ The EEC’s Common Agricultural Policy is a dinosaur which is adding ￡13.50 a week to the food bill of the average British family.
❖ 译文1：欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不 合时宜了，它要使英国家庭平均每周在食品开销 上多支出13.50英镑。
❖ 译文2：国际商务是管理培训的一个领域，讨论/ 涉及跨国商务活动的特性。
❖ OALD7：take or have sth as a subject; discuss sth 以某事物作为内容; 讨论 某事物: The next chapter deals with verbs. 下一章讨论动词. * I'll deal with decimals in the next lesson. 下一堂课我要讲小数.
❖ 译文：难怪各跨国公司一直都在以人的速度发展 着，这些跨国公司现在主宰着整个国际市场的许 多领域。
❖ Equally important are concerns about the growing protectionism. The United States and European Union are becoming more assertive in holding China to account over its World Trade Organization obligations.
近来美国经济未培养出足够的科学家来满足今后几十年发展的需要查尔斯c?莱顿抱怨说这才是真正需要关注的问题
第七单元 词义引申翻译法
❖一.逻辑引申 ❖二.语用引申 ❖三.修辞性引申 ❖四.词义概念范围调整

Example(P65)
1.The EEC's Common Agriltural policy is a dinosaur which s adding ￡13.50 a week to thefood bill of he average British family. 欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不合时宜了，它要使 英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.0英镑 2.These days,the U.S.economy isn't‘‘graduating enough scientiststo fill the need ofthe coming decades,"fret Charles C. Leighton,"that's a really concern." 近来，美国经''未培养出足够的科学家来满足几十年发展 的需要，''查尔斯C 莱顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注 的问题。”
Please don’t wake a sleeping dog. 请不要惹是生非
抽象→具体
将词义具体化引申是指，勇代表抽象概念或属性 的词来表达一种具体事物时，用具体化的事物来 表达，还其具体的本来面目。使读者一目了然
• He is the admiration of the whole school。 • 他是全校所敬佩的人。 • The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green. • 我前头的那辆车停住了，我错过了绿灯
2.In fact, one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out. 事实上，一个模子生产成千上万件产品之后 才会破坏。

商务英语/接待外国商旅热情接待Meeting a Buyer at the AirportHoward是Active Sports的业务部主任，通常国外的买主来台北谈生意即由他负责。

Tom Chambers是一位美国的大客户，今日来台洽谈业务，Howard亲自去接机。

英文正文T: Howard! Great to see you again!H: Good to see you too, Tom. How was the flight?T: Good. No holdups at the airport, and the flight was comfortable. I was able to take a nap on the way over.H: Good. Do you have any jet lag?T: No, not now. I adjusted to the time difference while I was in Korea and Hong Kong, so I'll be all right.H: That's good. I always get bad jet lag when I travel.T: Hmm. So, how is your wife doing, Howard?H: She's doing fine, thank you. And how is the family?T: Fine, thanks. My wife wanted me to say thank you for your gift last time. She liked the jewelry box very much.H: Oh, it was nothing. I'm glad she liked it.T: Hmm. I heard you had a typhoon recently.H: Yes, but it wasn't too serious. The weather forecast for the next few days looks good, so we don't need to worry about it.T: Wonderful. I was hoping to get some exercise and go sightseeing. Will we have enough time?H: Sure. Your schedule is very flexible. The only firm appointments are to spend a day at the factory tomorrow, and a half day at the office on Wednesday.T: Hmm. What are some good places to see in Taiwan? Last time I only visited Window on China, but I thought it was really very interesting.H: This time we can go see the National Palace Museum, and Snake Alley.T: Hmm. Sounds very exciting.H: And we can take you shopping before you leave.T: Great. It's good to be here, Howard. And it's really good to see you again.H: It's good to have you too, Tom.中文翻译T: Howard！真高兴再见到你！H: 我也很高兴见到你。

If this suggestion is accepted, it should not be considered as a precedent. 如果此建议被接受，以后不得引以为 不得引以为例。 不得引以为 Problems should be resolved in good time. 有问题要及时加以解决 加以解决。 加以解决 The translation technique should be paid enough attention to. 翻译技巧应予以 应予以足够的重视 应予以
使用被动式与类被动式时表达的意义不同： My house won’t let.(类被动式）我的房子租不出去。 My house will not be let. (被动式）我的房子不出租。 The book does not sell. (类被动式）这本书销售不出去。 The book is not sold. (被动式）这本书尚未出售。 The shirt washed well. ( (类被动式）这衬衣很经洗。 The shirt was washed well. Passive Voice The passive voice is more commonly used in English than in Chinese, especially in the writings of science and technology. In the sentences in which the doers are not necessarily told or not known, the passive is used. And sometimes for the sake of connection of the context, there occurs the passive voice. Since the passive structure seldom appears in Chinese, many passive sentences in English have to be turned into active sentences in Chinese active sentences as many as possible. But the version must be made idiomatic and smooth, not ambiguous or abstruse (hard to understand). This is a problem which is worth our attention.

中国进出口公司 China Import & Export Corporation 中国国际信托投资公司 China International Trust & Investment Corporation 中国人寿保险公司 China Life Insurance Company 壳牌石油公司 Shell Oil Company 美国电话电报公司 American Telephone and Telegraph Company
englishcollegesaturdayjuly222017广州市秀雅秀贸易有限公司癿营运宗旨是将国内外优秀产品通过商场和其它特殊渠道直接推荐给广大消费者本公司成立前后曾经成功癿将国内外多种知名产品引入广州市场例如
Chinese-English Translation For International Business
English College
Friday, March 07, 2014
分公司
中国银行杭州分行 Bank of China, Hangzhou Branch 浙江金达期货公司上海办事处 Zhejiang Jinda Corporation, Shanghai Office
Friday, March 07, 2014
可以使人产生美好联想 的商标。
Friday, March 07, 2014
English College
商标词的翻译方法
长虹（电视机） 李宁（运动系列） 南孚（电池） 张小泉（剪刀） 养生堂（医药） 大宝（化妆品） 红豆（服装） 盼盼（安全门） 汇源（饮品）
Changhong Lining
Friday, March 07, 2014

❖ 译文：亚洲国家已经将1992年指定 “亚洲旅游 年”，它们携手合作，发起宣传攻势，以便让世 界各地的猎奇探胜者认可他们的旅游胜景。
❖ The decline in exports, which have been a driving force of the nation’s economic growth, is a major concern.
❖ 译文：计算机使人类的能力有可能产生巨大的飞 跃；它拓展了人类从事实践工作甚至理论工作的 智慧。
❖ As the goods you required are in short supply, we intend to furnish you with our commodity as a substitute, which is of good quality and very close to your specifications but will be offered a at a more favorable （price）.
❖ 译文1：当一个国家对于某一特定商品没有足够 的量来满足其需要时，就需要有国家贸易。
❖ 译文2：当一国的某一特定商品没有足够的量来 满足其需要时，就产生国际贸易。
❖ Exports and imports of goods between nations with different units of money introduce a new economic factor, the foreign exchange rate, which gives the price of the foreigners’ unit of money in terms of one’s own.
❖ 译文：由于你方所需的产口供应不足，我们打算 提供替代品，其质量与你方指定产品非常接近， 而且价格更优。

Unit 7 InsuranceRelated InformationThe Basics of Cargo Coverage1. “ALL RISK”coverageThe broadest form of coverage is “ALL RISK”, which, as a misleading name for an insurance policy, provides wide cover but does contain a number of exclusions. The term “All Risks”should not be taken too literally and in some jurisdictions the term is no longer used.An “ALL RISK”policy insures approved general merchandise in the event of physical loss or damage from any external cause. This includes new packaged goods without unusual susceptibility to loss from breakage, pilferage, or the nature of the goods themselves. “ALL RISK”policies do not cover all losses possible in the course of an international shipment.2. General AverageIn order to save a ship in peril of sinking during a storm, some of the cargo may have to be thrown overboard. The ship owner and the owners of the saved cargo obviously benefit at the expense of the owners of the jettisoned cargo. This was deemed unfair and the principle of “General Average” evolved so that all parties would contribute in such a situation.3. (With) Particular Average (WPA)In ocean marine insurance, Particular Average refers to a loss either partial or total, which falls on one or more property or interest being shipped, as opposed to a general average.4. Free of Particular Average (FPA)This is an ocean marine policy provision where coverage is provided only if a total loss of the insured property occurs from an insured peril.FPA (American clause) is limited coverage that usually applies to used merchandise, waste materials and goods shipped subject to an on deck bill of lading. It covers partial and total losses due to FPA perils, which include the sinking, stranding, burning or collision of the vessels or catastrophic perils on shore such as earthquake, derailment, collapse of dock, fire, etc.5. WAR RISKSpecial coverage on cargo in overseas ships against the risk of being confiscated by a government in wartime. It is excluded from standard ocean marine insurance and can be purchased separately.6. Inherent ViceCertain goods are, by their very nature, susceptible to damage and it would beunreasonable to expect insurers to pay for such damage. Examples of Inherent Vice are deterioration of Perishable Goods, spontaneous fermentation or combustion of improperly dried grain.7. WAREHOUSE TO WAREHOUSE protectionMost cargo insurance protects goods in transit from the time they leave the shipper’s warehouse until they reach the consignee’s warehouse, as long as they are not taken out of the normal course of transit by the insured.Lead-in1. Listening1. D2. BTape Script:Tim is talking to Judd about the insurance of a product order.Tim: Good morning, this is Tim. Is that Judd?Judd: Yes, this is Judd speaking.Tim: I’m calling to discuss the insurance coverage you requested for your order.Judd: Good, we requested an amount thirty percent above the invoice value.Tim: We have no problem complying with your request, but we think that the amount is a bit excessive. You know according to our usual practice，we insure the goods only for 10% above the invoice value.Judd: Yeah, but in the past, we’ve really been put in a bind because of damaged goods. Tim: I understand your concern. However, usual coverage for goods of this type is the total invoice amount plus only ten percent.Judd: We could feel more comfortable, though, with thirty percent.Tim: Unfortunately, if you want the increase in coverage, the extra premium will be for your account.Judd: But shouldn’t your quotation include adequate coverage against risks?Tim: That quotation involved normal coverage, but not all. So I suggest you contact your insurance agent there and compare rates.Judd: OK. Thanks. I’ll check it out.2. Spot DictationPart 1 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5.FPart 2 1.practice 2. insurance 3. insure4. the People’s Insurance Company of China5. premium6. covered Tape Script:Sophia: According to our usual practice, we do business with our customers on a CIF basis, Mr. Smith.Smith: That’ s good . It will save us a lot of time because we don’t need to deal with so many insurance formalities. But I’d like to know how much the premium is .Sophia: Well, Mr. Smith, it will vary according to the types of risks to be covered.Smith: I see. Which company do you usually insure with?Sophia: We always insure our goods with the People’s Insurance Company of China. Smith: That’s great. May I ask what insurance you will cover according to your usual CIF terms for these glassware?Sophia: We usually insure against All Risks for glassware.Smith: Including War Risk?Sophia: No, War Risk is a special additional risk and it has to be arranged separately.Generally speaking, it is not necessary to insure against that risk ,as All Risks has provided enough protection to your order.Smith: I see. Thank you for your information.Text ALanguage Study1. insurance①n.the contract made by a company or society, or by the state to provide a guaranteeof compensation for loss, damage, sickness, death, etc in return for regular payment 保险◆People without insurance had to pay for their own repairs.arrange/cover/ effect / provide/ take out + insurance 办理保险◆Under FOB terms, insurance is to be covered by the buyer.insurance company 保险公司insurance policy 保险单insurance certificate 保险凭证insurance premium 保险费insurance value/ amount 保险金额insurance agent 保险代理人②insure vt.make a contract that promises to pay sb an amount of money in case ofaccident, injury death, etc, or damage to or loss of sth 保险，投保◆Every company would insure itself against loss or damage to its property.insurer n.承保人the insured n. 被保险人2. As a large percentage of our foreign trade in and out of this country goes by ship, what mainly concerns us is still the marine Insurance.此句中what mainly concerns us 是主语从句，所以后面的谓语动词用单数。

3. The Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 3. 买卖双方同意，按下列条款由买方购进，由卖方 出售下述商品，并签订本合同。
【Exercises】
Section 1：Party A shall deliver to Party B as soon as possible after this Agreement becomes effective, but in any event within 60 days thereafter, at Party B’s address set forth above, all the Technical and Sales Information relating to Licensed Products. 第一条：甲方应尽快在协议生效后，或最迟在本协议生效 后六十天内，按上开乙方地址交给乙方有关特许产品的全 部技术与销售情报。
握手历来被认为是一种职业、礼貌的问候方式，而在 工作场合，选择安全的礼节总没错。
被动语态的翻译
被动语态在英语里是一种常见的语法现象，这主要 是由于施事原因、句法要求、修辞考虑和文体的需要 （科技文体、新闻文体、公文文体及论述文体）。英语 有过分使用被动语态的倾向，正式文体尤其如此。一般 为结构被动式： I was astounded that he was prepared to give me a job. - 他准备给我一份工作，这使我大吃一惊。

汉语有时采用无主句来保持句子的主动式。 应该尽量告诉年轻人吸烟的危害，特别是吸烟上瘾后的可怕后果。 【参考译文】 Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. 汉语还可以使用通称或泛称保持句子的主动形式。 It is said that… (有人说，据说) It is well known that… - 大家知道，众所周知 It is generally considered that… - 人们普遍认为 Voices were heard calling for help. 有人听见呼救的声音。
汉语常用主动形式表达英语的被动意义。
Language is shaped by, and shapes, human thought. - 人的思想形成了语言，而语言又影响了思想。 Better my life should be ended by their hate, than that hated life should be prolonged to live without your love. (Romeo and Juliet) - 我宁可死在他们的仇恨之下，也不愿意延长这可恨的生命而 得不到你的爱。
Unit 7
Handshaking or Kissing This Is a Question
A handshake is always considered professional and courteous, and being on the safe side of formal is never a bad thing in a work place situation.

Unit 11 Business Letters
• Listening
Language Points
• Lay one’s hands on= find I wonder who would be able to lay his hands on such a small piece of note. Consultancy;must consult with our consultant on/about the consultancy.
Unit 8 Information Handling
• Checking and confirming
Listening
• Listening for information
Practice
1.用could you/would you/can you +V …please？询 问： --不知道对方想与谁通话；(tell) --想让对方留下号码；(give) --不知道对方的名字如何拼写；(spell) --没听清对方的地址；(repeat) --不知道对方明天什么时间在办公室；(tell) --拿不准订单上的装运期（confirm;delivery date）
5.Have problems with 在…方面有问题/麻烦 They have ~with payment because of tight budget. 6. Send (get) …around ---Can you send a technician around ? --- Of course. I’ll get one around this afternoon. 7. Sort out= solve I hope you can sort out the problem soon. We sorted out the problem in a week.

商务合同的翻译
1
一、商务合同的种类
正式合同 Contract 协议书 Agreement 确议书 Confirmation 备忘录 Memorandum 意向书 Letter of intent
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二、商务合同的构成部分
合同一般包括首部、正文和尾部。
1.
首部 (Preamble of Contract )
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3. 说明签约时间： This Contract is made and signed in Guangzhou on July 21,2011, by and between (A) (hereinafter referred to as the Seller) and (B)(hereinafter refered to as the Buyer). The Buyer hereby orders from the Seller the following goods subject to the following conditions: 本合同由（甲）（以下称卖方）和（乙） （以下称买方）于2011年7月21日在广州签 订，买方向卖方订购下列商品，条件如下：
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Translate the Contract of Employing an
Foreign Expert on Page 198-200.
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常用合同条款的翻译: 1. 签约的目的和背景： Whereas the first Party is willing to employ the second Party and the second Party agrees to do as first Party’s Engineer in Encomo Dam Project, it is hereby mutually agreed as follows: 鉴于甲方愿聘乙方，乙方同意应聘为甲方 在Encomo 大坝工程的工程师。双方特此 协议如下:

第七单元服务行业TEXT A 服务行业与服务管理我们现在正处于一个服务的时代，并且服务已经逐渐处于社会的中心地位。

在美国，各种各样的服务占据了美国就业市场的80%，服务行业已经创造了GNP的74%，占经济活动的55%，这些都远远把制造业抛在了后面。

其它发达国家也在过去的20年内同样也经历了这样一个趋势。

因此我们必须首先弄懂，“什么叫服务？〞我们通常把服务叫做由个人或团体为获益他人而做的工作。

我们的经济结构和贸易理念一起在改变，而这种改变最终导致由产品为中心转移到以服务为中心，被称为“第二次革命〞和“信息社会的开端〞。

那什么叫服务行业呢？当政府官员或经济学家提到服务行业，他们总会定义其为“创造不可见产品的行业。

〞服务行业分为以下几个部分。

运输服务、邮递服务和仓储服务信息服务股票证券服务和其它金融投资服务租赁服务职业、科技服务行政服务、废物回收服务和维修服务健康保健服务与社会援助服务艺术、娱乐、休闲服务其它服务从上面的分类我们可以看出，现今服务已经渗透到我们生活的各个角落。

不言而喻服务在我们的日常生活与商务活动中扮演越来越重要的角色。

然而并不是所有人与公司或组织会意识到服务的重要性。

许多经理像鸵鸟一样只是把它们的头深埋在沙子里，许多人袖着手违心地说，“服务大潮只不过像一阵风罢了，不是吗？〞当然，从另一方面，也有许多工作人善于服务，请看下面的案例。

Stew Leonard 经营着一家利润丰厚的三层楼的商店。

他说每当他看到一个愠怒的顾客就如同看到5万美元飞出了他的商店。

为什么呢？因为，像这种一般的顾客每个星期花100美元，一年有50周要购物，然后呆在这个地方可能大约10年。

如果这样的一个顾客在商店有一次不愉快的经历而反而转身另外一家商店的话，那Stew Leonard商店就会少5万美元的收入。

如果这个不满意的顾客把他的不愉快的经历告诉其他顾客，让他们也离开的话，那损失将会更大。

为了挽回顾客，Stew Leonard商店创造了被《纽约时报》称为“商店中的迪斯尼乐园〞，设有化妆的卡通人物、定期的娱乐项目、宠物乐园与电子动物。

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Classification:
Classification by Medium:
Newspaper Advertisement, Magazine Advertisement, Television Advertisement, Radio Advertisement, Direct Mail Advertisement, Outdoor Advertisement and others.
（6） Poetry in motion, dancing close to me． 动态的诗，向我舞近。（丰田汽车） （7） Ask for more.
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渴望无限。（百事流行鞋） （8） The choice of a new generation.
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新一代的选择。（百事可乐） （9） 要买房，到建行。
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Features of Ads
Attractive—catch the reader’s attention
Creative—project an image Persuasive—urge the reader to act
Impressive—produce an impact
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Sec 3
随着经济全球化的发展，广告宣传国际化的趋势将会越来越明显、越来 越激烈。无论是中国企业还是外国企业，都存在着一个广告国际化、全球化 的问题，也就是商品广告的翻译问题。国际性商品广告翻译应当充分考虑产 品销售对象的语言习惯、文化积淀与心理定式以便能够更好地为企业服务、 更好地推销产品。实践证明，成功的广告翻译会带来 巨大的经济效益，而不成功的翻译不仅会给会给企业 或国家带来重大的经济损失，还会直接影响企业或国 家的形象。因此，如何恰如其分地理解和翻译跨文化 广告，已是摆在商务翻译人员面前的一个现实问题。

2. Syntactic features 1) simple sentences KISS principle :Keep it short and sweet. e.g. Coca-cola is it. (还是可口可乐好) A diamond lasts forever. (diamond ring) 2）elliptical sentences （space and cost ） e.g. It is a moment you planned for. Reached for. Struggled for. A long-awaited moment of success. Omega, for this and all your significant moments. (Omega watch) 3) parallel structures E.g. Designed with a computer. Silenced by a laser built by a robot. (Volvo automobile ) 3. Rhetorical features 1) Figure of speech a) Simile E.g. Some people are as reliable as sunrise…Theses are Amway people. Cool as a mountain stream… Cool as fresh Consulate. (Consulate is a kind of American cigarettes.) b) Metaphor E.g. High efficiency. Our big bird can be fed even at night. (French Air Cargo Carriers ) We’re rolling out the red carpet for Asia’s elite travelers. (Dragonaire Airlines ) 2）pun （the artistic use of homonyms and homophones） a）Homophonic pun E.g. OIC (OIC glasses ) More sun and air for your son and your heir. (seaside bathing spot) b) Homographic pun E.g. Try our sweet corn. You’ll smile from ear to ear. Money doesn’t grow on trees. But it blossoms at our branches. (British Lloyd Bank) III. Linguistic features of business ads 3) parody （this word came from Greek word ‘paroidia’ which means satirical poem） a） words E.g. My goodness! My Guinness! (爱尔兰最畅销啤酒—健力士 Guinness) b）idioms or proverbs Like son, like father. Like daughter, like mother. (talcum powder 爽身粉) c）maxims or aphorisms Not all cars are created equal. (mitsubishi) d) passage Pepsi cola hits the spot; twelve full ounces, that’s a lot. Twice as much for a nickel, too; Pepsi Cola is the drink for you. (adapted from a British folk music) 4) Rhyming (including alliteration and rhyme Hi-Fi, Hi-fun, Hi-fashion, only from Sony. (Sony products) Be specific---Go Union Pacific.) 5） Personification Oscar de La Renta knows what makes a woman beautiful. (Oscar Cosmetics) 6) Exaggeration

【参考译文】工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多 年来在很大程度上被科学史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。
10. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.
例如
1. The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. 【参考译文】大火把这家著名的旅馆几乎全部烧毁。
2. Most letters from his wife, are read to him by the nurse in the hospital给他 听的。
3. Rivers are controlled by dams. 【参考译文】拦河坝把河流控制住了。
4. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit.
【参考译文】应该尽量告诉年轻人吸烟的危害，特别是吸烟上 瘾后的可怕后果。
5. Methods are found to take these materials out of the rubbish and use them again.
【参考译文】现在已经找到了从垃圾中提取和利用这些材料的 方法。
Unit 7
Handshaking or Kissing This Is a Question

Unit7课文翻译课文ASurviving an economic crisis经济危机中求生存1.许许多多的人正经历的这场经济萧条发端于美国。

对抵押贷款监管不力，致使当时的风险评估远低于现在的最终结果。

由于大量的房产所有人无法偿还贷款，负责监管的公司、放贷的公司（以及其子公司及股份持有者）都损失了大笔的金钱。

这些巨额亏损的后果很快就影响到美国就业市场，造成下岗或解雇。

经济复兴迟迟不来。

许多人几个月来都是苦苦挣扎，正如下面故事中的主人公那样。

2.苏•约翰逊有好几个月都未付房租了，面临着被逐出的境地，她把能塞进她的那辆双门轿车的东西都打包收拾好，离城而去。

3.她最后在一家汽车旅馆落脚，交付了260美元的定金，这还是她设法从朋友那儿以及卖掉家具后凑齐的，是苏在失业救济金被终止后所有的余钱。

她面临流浪生活，这在以前是难以想象的，而她不久以前都还在大都市里一家公司供职，并就读于商学院研究生班。

4.苏明白自己最终很可能以车为家。

她如今已成为倒霉的失业群体中的一份子，他们自称“99周人”，因为他们已经领完至多9周的失业保险救济金。

5.根据劳动统计局的数据，长期失业率已达到创纪录的水平。

些许的失业救济金对那些失去工作的人来说可是救命钱，这使他们不至于形貌落魄，无立锥之地；不至于无钱加油，缴不起电费话费。

6.一旦收不到失业救济支票，哪怕是像苏这样曾经贵为技术公司客服经理的人，也会日益跌入经济窘迫的深渊；原有工薪阶层或中产阶级的最后一抹荣光也已消逝不在，所有人都前途未卜。

7.当苏收到最后一笔失业救济支票时，阵阵悲凉涌上心头。

由于没有收入进账，苏的活期账户余额转为负值。

汽车行将被收回！而且信贷公司不断骚扰，催还车贷，让她成天压力倍增。

每天，苏就像乒乓球一样在信心和绝望之间起落不定。

8.生活境遇真是令人痛心地一落千丈！想想仅在短短的一年半之前，苏在原有工作岗位上可挣到56，00美元的年薪，可在像墨西哥、加勒比那样的地方度假，还就读于名校商学院。

Unit 7 Work EnvironmentReading A改善工作环境可提高雇员的积极性如今，当雇员们谈及如何评价对工作的满意度时，他们会把工资报酬当作考虑的第一因素，对此人们并不感到奇怪。

但令人意外的是，他们将工作环境的舒适度及美观度看作和排在第二位的津贴几乎同等重要。

随着越来越多的人花更多的时间在办公场所，工作环境也变得日益重要。

去年，美国室内设计协会在全国范围内委托进行了一项名为“通过设计招募与保留合格员工”的调查。

该调查显示：*对工作环境满意的员工对工作表示满意的几率比其他人群高出31%；*办公场所的环境可以影响41%的雇员和求职者决定是否接受一份工作；*办公场所的环境质量会影响51%的雇员决定是否离开一间公司；*更令人吃惊的是，73％的雇员对其目前办公场所的环境表示不满意。

为了留住那些有价值的员工或吸引那些有潜力的求职者，雇主们有必要对办公环境做一些细小但又有意义的改动。

“在这个激烈的市场竞争中，办公场所的外观需要得到更多的关注，”专营家用及办公壁画的环境制图公司主席托德·伊姆和特解释道，“研究表明那些关心雇员及工作环境的雇主拥有更多富于积极性和成效性的员工。

”米尼苏达州大学工业与组织心理学系的丹尼斯·瓦恩斯博士说道，“我们都知道在工作场所里，积极性及生产率之间存在着密切的关联。

那些被激励的雇员更加细心、可靠，从而，工作效率更高。

”位于肯塔基州乔治镇的丰田制造厂最近在他们整个生产车间、实验室和会议室安装了44幅环境制图公司制作的壁画。

按照安全主管卡伦·韦尔斯的说法，“这些壁画可以将室外的风景带进来，使工作环境变成一个对员工们来说更积极、更令人振奋的地方。

当他们抬头往墙上看时，他们可以欣赏到令人心旷神怡的风景，而不是枯燥的墙壁。

我们甚至让员工们来挑选这些壁画。

”环境制图公司的壁画给人们带来了自然灵感，表现了纯正的风水元素，售价在100美元左右。

主要的设计包括祥和的风景、东方园林、夏威夷落日、云层、晨曦中的森林、树林间的湖泊及野花盛开的沙漠，还有该公司最新的版本——拱顶灯塔。