动物保护主题高考真题分类汇总 高考英语阅读专项训练

高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解环境保护类提分训练（真题集锦，含解析）新人教版Passage1 （2010·重庆卷·D）Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands. Ecuador, watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin (1809-1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired (启发) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago, each day is as impressive as it could be.The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise（巨型陆龟），which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago （群岛）. Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.Despite strict control over activities and timing, your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and, most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air. Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world. At night you will sleep on board the ship, leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.68. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the isl ands?A．He studied different creatures on the islands.B．He completed his famous book on the islands.C．He was touched by the geography of the islands.D．He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands.69. Which of the following plays a role in maki ng the islands “a paradise for wildlife”?A．Animals on the islands feed on grass.B．Local government forbids killing wildlife.C．People cannot visit the islands as they wish.D．Tourists are not allowed to touch the animals.70．Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly because of . A．the beautiful sea views B．Darwin’s inspiring tripC．a closer view of animals D．various daring activities71．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？A．A Unique Attraction for Wildlife LoversB．Galapagos as a Paradise for AdventurersC．Charles Darwin as a symbol of GalapagosD．A Successful Example of wildlife Protection【文章大意】本文介绍了一个野生动物的乐园Galapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，尽管在这里时间、数量受政府控制，但可以和动物密切接触，由于这里保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。

【英语】高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.While faking and fierce looks are among animals great defenses, many species know that everyone runs from a big stink (臭气) too.Vulture (秃鸳)Vultures, are street sweepers that feast on the rotting flesh of dead animals, which benefits us by ridding our highways and landscapes of animal bodies and the bacteria they might carry. When vultures feel threatened they vomit, and the smell of vomited-on dead bodies puts of most predators. Throwing up allows the vulture to fly away more quickly-and the vomit can hurt the aggressor's eyes and face.Opossum (负鼠)In some ways opossums have it easy. In order to become "dead", they don't have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere. Even if they keep getting attacked, they won't move any more than a human statue until the threat has passed.Hoatzin (磨雉)Hold your nose and meet the hoatzin, a bird of distinctions, not the least of which is that it smells like fresh cow shit. The animal mostly eats leaves and it's the only bird known to digest by fermentation, like a cow. This process is what causes its smell and has earned it the nickname the "stink birdMillipedes (千足虫)Millipedes are tricky. For starters they look wormy. Their name is deceptive, too: Their legs number about 750. Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.Sea Hare (海兔)The graceful sea hare is plain in taste in the first place, so it's not the most popular dish in the seafood chain. Nonetheless this type of sea creature has a pretty creative smell-related defense that is almost the opposite of its smelly companions on this list. The sea hare gives out a slimy, purple ink, the substance which makes food less palatable to predators.Researchers using lobsters (2-f) as model predators found that the sea blocks the lobsters receptive mechanism. In other words, the sea hare gives its attacker the equivalent of a stuffy nose so they don't know how appealing it is.（1）The sea hare defends itself from predators by ________.A. becoming plain in taste at the discovery of a predatorB. giving out purple ink to make itself invisible to predatorsC. releasing substance to make predators unable to smell itD. giving off smelly gas to try to drive predators away（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The vulture carries bacteria so that predators dare not get close to it.B. The opossum fakes its death to avoid being targeted by predators.C. The hoatzin eats cow shit so that it is nick-named as "stink bird".D. The gas released by millipede was basically harmless.（3）The species that enjoys more than one defense mechanism is ________.A. vultureB. opossumC. millipedeD. sea hare【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些野生动物是如何进行自身防御的。

健康环保类阅读专项训练一、Human activity has shrunk the size of wild animals the world over, and yet recent research has found many mammals(哺乳动物) living near cities have become steadily larger, both in length and in weight. “That wasn’t what we expected to find at all,” says Robert Guralnick, who studies biodiversity informatics at the Florida Museum. Expanding urban environments grow much hotter than natural habitats, and warmer temperatures usually benefit mammals that have a smaller, more energy-saving figure--- a principle of biology known as Bergmann’s rule.As the world grows warmer, some scientists have worried that mammals living near cities are supposed to grow smaller, possibly reducing their fitness as a species and, no doubt, the fitness of being hunters, too. But even with climate change, that might not happen. As it turns out, there's another factor in determining a mammal's size that might compete with or even go beyond temperature, and that is food.In and around cities with large populations, where high-energy human foods are more widely available and hunters are fewer and farther. New research discovered that most of the mammal species appear to be growing in size, not shrinking. According to careful measurements of more than 100 species from North America, gathered from museum collections over the past 80 years, the main reason is not a city's temperature. Instead, the greatest increases in weight and body length appear to lie among those mammals that live near the most humans, regardless of how hot their surroundings are.As climate change grows worse, there is, of course, the possibility that that might change, but at least for now, it seems that wolves, deer, bats, and other mammals in North America could be affected more by city populations than city climates.If we want to preserve the mammals that exist today for the future, it’s important that we know how human civilization is shaping their size, behavior, and well-being. In a rapidly changing world, that knowledge could mean the difference between ongoing life and dying out.1.What finding does Robert Guralnick consider surprising?A.Urban environments are hotter than nature.B.The animals in natural habitats become smaller.C.Many mammals grow against Bergmann's rule.D.City temperatures cause animals to shrink in size2.Why do many mammals living near cities grow in size?A.They are well taken care of by zoo keepers.B.They have more foods and fewer threats.C.They are comfortable in warmer climates.D.They can easily hunt wild animals for food.3.What are we advised to do to protect the existing mammals?A.Provide healthy food to surrounding mammalsB.Limit the population in cities to a small number.C.Know how human civilization affects mammals.D.Help the mammals adjust to the changing climate.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Human Activity Has Shrunk the Size of AnimalsB.Global Warming Is Shaping the Future of MammalsC.Mammals in Nature Have a Better Chance to SurviveD.Many Mammals Living Near Cities Are Growing Bigger二、A unique curved(弯曲的)barrier has been designed by researchers at Imperial College London, who publish new findings in the journal Cities & Health on how the structure can protect people from the damaging effects of air pollution.The health concerns arising from lower air quality are more significant amongst lower-income communities which are more likely to be near roads with heavy traffic. Similarly, children are more readily exposed(接触)to air pollution simply because they live closer to the ground, where heavier pollutants settle over time.Dr Tilly Collins from Imperial's Centre for Environmental Policy found this issue particularly worrying, especially after noticing the severe pollution in the air while watching her child playing netball in a school playground alongside a busy London A-road. “l started researching the effect of walls along roads,”Dr Collins said. “It became evident that along the pedestrian(行人的)side of these roadside walls, there are vortexes(涡旋)where the air quality can actually be even worse as the pollutants get trapped in them.”Initially building off simple models, Dr Collins and Dr Huw Woodward, also from the Centre for Environmental Policy, explored ideas of urban design that would mitigate these vortex effects and improve air quality for pedestrians and especially children.Inspired by sound-walls alongside motorways in Germany and the Netherlands, there searchers found that curved structures would more effectively reflect pollutants back towards the roads and would very rapidly improve air quality for pedestrians in an inexpensive manner.When asked about the challenges faced during this project, Dr Collins said: “Initially, it was difficult to convince others to get on board. The focus is very much on successfully reducing smoke from cars, but there are things we can do now to protect our children.”“With increased attention being placed on the challenges associated with air pollution, there is a need for unique and effective urban design, and these curved barriers are able to handle these challenges head on, providing huge benefits to the general public," said Marcus Grant, editor in chief of Cities & Health .1.Why are children more likely to be victims of air pollution?A.They are shorter in height.B.They have bigger airways.C.They tend to breathe more slowly.D.They like playing near busy roads.2.What does the underlined word "mitigate" in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Monitor.B.Reduce.C.Predict.D.Explain.3.What do we know about the resea rchers’ design?A.It can reduce smoke from cars greatly.B.It can benefit urban traffic in some way.C.lt can limit pedestrians’ exposure to poor air.D.It can be used as sound-walls alongside motorways.4.What does Marcus Grant suggest about the project?A.It needs more attention from the public.B.It might come across many challenges.C.lt is very likely to have a bright future.D.It should be expanded in more industries.三、The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires, believing that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. Many of us can recall Smoky the Bear's famous warning: “Remember, only YOU can prevent forest fires”. However, that's not always the case. Under the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger, uncontrollable wildfires.After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into recently burned areas to feed on these newly available foods. Some reptiles and amphibians such as the pine (松树) snake prefer forests frequently burned by fire. As Herbert Stoddard put it, “One of the most harmful things modern man has done to birds has been his attempt to exclude fire from fire-type pine forests. Within a few years most forests choke up with bushes, lose their prairie-like vegetation (草原般植被) and can no longer support birds dependent on periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover.”If you are asked to picture the forest floor, what do you see? Pine needles, cones, leaves, branches might come to mind-all sources of fuel. If these fuel sources build up without any type of removal, the 'fuel load' can lead to fires catastrophic to forests and people alike. In contrast, prescribed fire can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at an appropriate and manageable level. They can also minimize the spread of pest insects and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote the growth of trees, wildflowers and other various plants.Many organizations and agencies work to promote fire on the landscape when and where appropriate. Smokey Bear even has an updated warning: “Only You can Prevent Wildfires,” as the Forest Service ha s over the last few decades developed policies and procedures to include prescribed fire as a management tool, as well as continuing their work to prevent and fight wildfires.1.Why did the author mention Smoky the Bear's warning?A.To introduce the topic of the passage.B.To clarify a misunderstood concept.C.To show the significance of fire prevention.D.To raise people's awareness of forest protection.2.What can benefit birds according to Herbert Stoddard?A.Forest bushes.B.Fuel sources.C.Pine forests.D.Periodic burning.3.What is the purpose of prescribed fire?A.To put out wildfires.B.To keep the forest balance.C.To remove tree and plant species.D.To keep the fuel rich in the forest.4.What might be the best title for the passage?A.One Match Can Start A Forest FireB.Where There Is Smoke There Is A FireC.Not All Forest Fires Are Created EqualD.Why Not Keep The Forest Fire Burning四、Electric vehicles are close to the “turning point" of rapid mass adoption thanks to the decreasing cost of batteries, experts say.Global sales of electric vehicles rose 43% in 2020, but even faster growth is expected when continuing falls in battery prices result in the price of electric cars under the same petrol and diesel (柴油)models, which may happen between 2023 and 2025. According to a study by Prof Tim Lonton, at the University of Exeter, the turning point has already been passed in Norway, where tax breaks(税收减免) mean electric cars arc cheaper and the market share of battery-powered cars increased to 54% in 2020 in Norway, compared with less than 5% in most European nations.The falls in battery prices in the last decade have been dramatic and faster than predicted thanks to a massive production and cuts in costs, such as reducing the amount of expensive cobalt (钻)required. BloombergNEF's analysis predicts lithium-ion(锂离子) battery costs will fall so sharply that electric cars can match the price of petrol and diesel cars by 2023. McKin-sey's Global Energy Perspective 2021, published on 15 January, forecasts that "electric vehicles are likely to become the most economic choice in the next five years worldwide".Electric cars, vital in efforts to fight climate crisis, are quieter and start to go faster, so people do not want to return to a petrol or diesel vehicle once they have one. A survey of 2,000 electric car owners found 91 % said they did not want to go back.“The survey shows the strong and lasting impact of switching to a clean car. The evidence in favour of electric vehicles grows more convincing even in a year as destructive as 2020," said Melanie Shufflebotham, at Zap-Map, which maps charging points.1.What leads to the growing sales of electric vehicles?A.The rise in petrol prices.B.The desire for a lower tax.C.The drop in battery costs.D.The need for a cleaner life.2.What can we infer from paragraph 2?A.Policies in Norway support electric vehicles.B.Economy in Norway outgrows other nations.C.The market share of electric vehicles will decline.D.The tax breaks in Europe will continue to increase.3.How will electric vehicles equal fuel vehicles in price?A.By increasing the demand for cobalt.B.By boosting the sales of electric cars.C.By reducing the production of batteries.D.By cutting the costs of lithium-ion batteries.4.What is the attitude of people surveyed towards electric cars?A.Tolerant.B.Positive.C.Unwilling.D.Opposed.五、Paper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two significant ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of millions of trees each year. Between 2001 and 2019, the world lost 386 million hectares of forest. Of the trees that were cut down, 42% went to paper production. And worldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot sustain such a high rate of forest loss.The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A huge quantity of wastepaper ends up in dumps and landfills(垃圾填埋场) where it can produce harmful gases. Paper in landfills leads to the release(释放) of methane, a gas that is a significant contributor in global warming.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Paper is mainly made from cellulose(纤维素), which makes up the cell walls of trees and many other plants. Because of its structure, cellulose can be used repeatedly in papermaking. So far, trees are the only source of cellulose that can fill the massive demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simply one of the best ways to save trees.Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper isn't the dull-colored stuff many of us are familiar with any more. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a consistent effort. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be carried out. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industries to do the same.1.What does the author want to express in Paragraph 1?A.Consequences resulting from forest loss.B.The significance of paper in daily life.C.The disadvantages of current paper production.D.The severe situation caused by papermaking.2.Why is paper in landfills harmful?A.It releases smelly gases.B.It results in global climate change.C.It pollutes the nearby land.D.It may lead to fire accidents.3.What can we know about paper-recycling?A.It produces cellulose to make more paper.B.The structure of cellulose makes it possible.C.The color of recycled paper is different.D.It produces cellulose without using trees.4.What's the purpose of this text?A.To introduce paper recycling technology.B.To stress the threat of global warming.C.To appeal to people to recycle paper.D.To describe the considerable need for paper.六、When answering a question, your silence might say more than your words. A new psychology study has found pausing before replying, even for just a few seconds, can make you seem more insincere or dishonest. That perception(感知) of dishonesty might not be too inaccurate, either. Numerous studies in the lab and in real life suggest people are slower to respond when they are not being truthful, possibly because it takes more mental work to block a truthful response or fabricate(编造）an alternative.What's been less clear is how well our lies have been fooling people. Some studies suggest delayed answers come across as insincere to the listener. Others find no relationship between the two, and still more have found the opposite: That a bit of hesitation increases our perception of sincerity. These findings are inconsistent and confusing. They are also mostly based on correlations. Even the few studies that have actually looked at causal relationships often didn't consider confusing factors that could also give away a liar or an insincere speaker.The new research seeks to improve some of those limitations by examining thousands of people under a variety of conditions. Together, it involves more than 7,500 individuals from the United States, the United Kingdom, and France in a total of 14 experiments. On the whole, the authors found an immediate response was perceived as more sincere, while a delayed response, even a delay as brief as two seconds, was seen as more insincere."Evaluating other people's sincerity is an important part of social interactions," says consumer behaviour researcher Ignazio Ziano. "It would be unfair for the responder, such as a crime suspect, if the response delay was misattributed to thought suppression(抑制)or answer fabrication when it was in fact caused by a different factor, such as simply being distracted or thoughtful," explains Ziano.Unfortunately, even when participants were instructed to ignore the response delays in one of the experiments, it only reduced their perception of insincerity; it did not completely remove it.1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?A. The perception of dishonesty depends on your silence.B. Preparing a truthful response needs more mental work.C. The impression of dishonesty isn't always accurate.D. Quicker replies to questions make you seem reliable.2. According to paragraph 3, how do researchers carry out their research?A. By studying the findings of several previous research projects.B. By examining thousands of people in various situations.C. By collecting data from the database from a new research.D. By analyzing the circumstances of the responses involved.3. Why does Ziano say it is unfair for the responder in paragraph 4?A. Listeners should ignore the pauses.B. A real criminal could escape quietly.C. The responder may be judged wrongly.D. The response delay affects people's preference.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. A Slower Response Makes You Seem InsincereB. New Evidence of Being Dishonest Is FoundC. Think Carefully Before You AnswerD. Action Speaks Louder Than Words七、There are patches of green taking root in European cities. It is part of a popular movement that started in Asia to clean the air, cool down temperatures, and improve the quality of life of city residents.This movement began in India with Indian eco-entrepreneur Shubhendu Sharma who was inspired by the tiny forests in Japan created by Akira Miyawak, a botanist who saw this as a solution to regenerate the land. In 2014, Sharma gave a Ted Talk about how valuable the mini ecosystems he was planting across India are. Sharma planted them anywhere he could, near schools, factories, and houses. These mini ecosystems grow ten times faster than conventional forests and are considerably more biodiverse.Now, Europeans are following his example and tiny forests are springing up across the continent. But first, Europeans had to adapt his methods to the different soil conditions, species and climate, while taking into account the effects of climate change. “Species growing here are more likely to do well and be able to adapt to climate change,” said Belgian biologist Nicolas, “So, I contacted scholars and tree nurseries to identify suitable native tree species and locally sourced materials to improve the soil.”The first tiny forest was planted in the UK in 2020 in a program run by ecologist Victor Beumer for Earth-watch. He said that the organization plans to collect data about biodiversity and carbon sequestration (碳封存) so that the environmental influence of the forests can be tracked in the long term. There are 17 of these forests now and 21 will be planted by 2022. These mini forests are seen as an asset that can help residents weather heat waves, improve water retention, remove carbon from the air, and the best benefit. While these European forests are still relatively young and the full impact of them on the environment is still unknown, one thing is a given. Bringing more nature into cities will have a positive impact on the life of urban residents. Being in nature is good for your health, and wellbeing.1.What can we learn about Sharma from the text?A.He likes giving a talk about tiny forests.B.He started the tiny forest movement in Europe.C.He has planted tiny forests everywhere he liked.D.He is a leading figure of the movement of tiny forests.2.What is implied in Nicolas’s word s in Paragraph 3?A.He used native species to grow small forests.B.It’s difficult to carry on the movement in Belgium.C.He chose some natural fertilizers to improve the soil.D.He has improved Sharma’s methods of growing forests.3.What can we infer about these European forests from the text?A.They have been taken seriously by the governments.B.They have benefited local residents physically and mentally.C.Their influence on the environment arouses the public’s curiosity.D.The further studies on their connection with nature are to be carried out.4.Which of the following is a suitable title for this text?A.Europeans Have Struggled to Improve Air QualityB.Tiny Forests Become More Diverse in EuropeC.Tiny Forests Are Dotting European CountriesD.Europeans Decide to Change Their Environment八、More than a million tons a year of America's plastic rubbish are not ending up where they should. As many as 1,300 plastic grocery bags per person is landing in places such as oceans and roadways, according to a new study of U.S.In 2016, the United States generated 46.3 million tons of plastic waste, by far the most in the world. Between 2.7% and 5.3% of that was mismanaged, according to a study in Friday's journal Science Advances. "If you took nearly 2.5 million tons of mismanaged plastic waste and dumped it on the White House lawn, it would pile as high as the Empire State Building," said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineering professor.Previous studies hadn't put the United States among the 10 worst offending nations for plastic waste in oceans. That's because the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency only tracks what goes into official parts of the waste stream such as landfills(废物填埋场)and recycling centers."The new study provides a more realistic view of our mismanaged waste," said University of Toronto ecology professor Chelsea Rochman, who wasn't part of the study. "We consume a lot of plastic which then becomes plastic waste. We recycle very little of this material, which is a waste of resources.""A large but hard to quantify part of the problem involves the 51% of U.S. plastic waste shipped abroad for recycling to countries that routinely mismanage waste," Law said. The situation has been converting since many countries have become more limiting about taking U.S. rubbish imports. American exports of plastic waste have declined dramatically since their peak in 2016.The government is spending billions of dollars trying to fix the problem, with modernized recycling technology and new business models to reduce waste while urging compulsory recycled content standards for new products and packaging."The best thing you can do environmentally is to produce no waste at all." Jambeck said.1.What can we know about the plastic waste in America?A.It is improperly dealt with.B.It is increasing every year.C.It is as high as a tall building.D.It is finding its way into landfills.2.What did former studies fail to focus on?A.How plastic waste is managed officially.B.Where all plastic waste finally ends up.C.When plastic waste reaches its peak.D.Why all plastic waste isn't recycled.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word "converting" in paragraph5?A.continuingB.affectingC.changingD.existing4.What problem might America face concerning plastic waste?A.The lack of capital for waste management.B.The lack of modern technology.C.The seriousness of waste.D.The limit of waste exports.九、"Human activity has wiped out two-thirds of the world's wildlife since 1970," CNN reported on September 10, 2020. Later that month, The Guardian reported that "40 percent of the world's plant species are at risk of extinction". Stanford biologist Paul Ehrlich and his colleague announced that "the ongoing sixth mass extinction may be the most serious environmental threat to the persistence of civilization." Around the same time, The Daily Mail warned that human civilization stands a 90 percent chance of collapse within decades due to deforestation.These frightening calculations and projections come from authoritative reports issued by international agencies, conservation groups, and peer-reviewed scientific journals. But is the future of wild nature and human civilization really so bleak(暗淡的)?Data from uncontroversial mainstreams sources strongly indicate that both humanity and the natural world are likely to be flourishing rather than collapsing at the end of this century.Humanity is becoming an urban species, and that's good for the environment, since city residents generally use less electricity, emit less globe-warming carbon dioxide, and have smaller land footprints than people living in the countryside. By 2100, demographers project that 85 percent of people will be citizens, which would leave only 1.2 billion still living in the countryside. That means more space for the wildlife and less pollution from the agriculture.The global tree coverage increased by 865, 00 square miles between 1982 and 2016. The researchers found that gains in forest area in the temperate, subtropical, and boreal climatic zones are offsetting(抵消)declines in the tropics. The Maryland researchers attribute much of that increase to "natural afforestation on abandoned agricultural land." Furthermore, forests in mountainous regions are expanding as climate warming enables trees to grow at higher altitudes. Humanity does face big environmental challenges in the coming century. But a number of scientific and economic evidences show that most of the trends are positive or can be turned in a positive direction by human ingenuity. Rather than an age of extinction, the 21st century promises to be an era of environmental renewal.1.Why does the author mention the reports in Paragraph 1?A.To support his opinion.B.To give examples.C.To introduce the topic.D.To make a contrast.2.What will happen by 2100 according to Paragraph 4?A.No one will choose to live in the countryside.B.There will be more pollution from the agriculture.C.City residents will use more electricity.D.More space will be available for the wildlife.3.What can we know about the forest according to the author?A.The forest area is decreasing year by year.B.The global tree coverage increased so much in 2016.C.There are more forests in mountainous regions due to the climate warming.D.The forest area in the temperate zones and tropics is increasing.4.What might be the best title of the passage?A.The Hopeless Future of Humanity.B.21st Century: An Era of Environmental Renewal.C.The Challenges in the Corning Century.D.Better Environment, Better Future of Human.十、Money is the root of all evil and a new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, US. announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do unethical(不道德的) things, such as lie or cheat, than poor people.The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS,《美国国家科学院院刊》).They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving more modest(不豪华的) cars.In another experiment, a group of college students were asked if they would do unethical things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings.Finally, it simply makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.。

高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forestsin these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken inby the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone (臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling."We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere." Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.（1）According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there（2）The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT ________.A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun（3）Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming（4）The underlined phrase "soak up" in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. distributed（5）From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖，科学家们已经发现，在燃烧的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区可能会发生冷却。

高中英语经典阅读专项练习练班级考号姓名总分（保护动物主题）（一）When clouds of radiation began streaming into the air around the Fukushima nuclear plant, 160, 000 residents were told to simply cut and run. However, it seems only 159, 998 residents listeneD. The other two —Naoto Matsumura and Sakae Kato —remaineD. The two men would give up everything rather than let other beings starve.Living within the 12.5-mile exclusion zone around the damaged reactor, the two men, unrelated to one another, both live alone while taking care of dozens of animals that were left behind when the evacuation order was given.Reports from Reuters and DW state that 57-year-old Kato has 41 cats who live with him in his home in the mountains—along with a dog he adopted named Pochi. Kato says he will stay with his cats and ensure they are comfortable all through their lives.Matsumura left the city at first, but returned shortly after for his own animals. Once returned, the now 55-year-old realized that everyone else's pets and livestock were still there, so he began taking care of a broad community of animals including pigs, cats, dogs, ponies, ostriches, and cows.GNN reported that he went back inside the exclusion zone and realized local pet dogs had not eaten in several days. After it became clear that no-one was coming back to the neighborhood, he went around unchaining dogs from trees, letting cows out of their barns, and feeding anything in need, earning him the nickname the “Guardian of Fukushima's Animals”.Everything both Kato and Matsumura are doing is risky. Though proud of what Kato and Matsumura have done, their friends and families hope that they can leave the dangerous area. Yet they seem to be determined in what they are doing and both plan to stay there with their animals, come what may.1.What does the phrase “other beings” in paragraph 1 probably refer to?A.Animals.B.People.C.Plants.D.Residents.2.What kind of person is Sakae Kato?A.Curious.B.Caring.C.Ambitious.D.Lonely.3.What do we know about Naoto Matsumura?A.He is 57 years olD.B.He knows Kato very well.C.He has dozens of animals to look after.D.He lives 12. 5 miles from the exclusion zone.4.What can we infer about the two men from the text?A.They will follow the advice of their families.B.They will call on more people to protect animals.C.They stay in the mountains to enjoy loneliness.D.They have no regard for their own safety.（二）Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that b y 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks.Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can finD. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owneD. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts.Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.”5.Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?A.To introduce a similar threat to elephants.B.To provide an example of species extinction.C.To offer an explanation for government policies.D.To present the statistics of the buffalo in America.6.Why do elephants face threats while cows are safe?A.They are under different law protectionB.They attract different groups of huntersC.They contain different commercial valueD.They represent different ownership types7.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A.Bans on killing elephants for ivoryB.Effective laws for elephant protection.C.Methods of making elephants private goodsernment policies on the elephant’s problem8.What can we learn from Aristotle’s words?A.People hold little regard for others’ propertyB.People want to profit from common resourcesC.People care more about their own possessionD.People tend to take what they own for granted（三）Hristo Hristov has been working with wildlife in Bulgaria's remote Rhodope Mountains for over 30 years. He first came here as a bright-eyed student in the early 1990s, eager to increase the number of griffon vulture (欧亚尤雪). At the time, there were fewer than 20 birds left. Fast forward to November 2020, there were more griffon vultures. At the last count, a record 245 now live in the Rhodope Mountains.As a rewilding officer, Hristo is responsible for the welfare of the animals in his area, which means constant observation, and lengthy periods out in the wild conducting research. "This process is sometimes long —you have to live together with the animals," he explains." Forget everything; you live in nature. It doesn't matter if they're horses, wild cattle or European bison (野牛)."This small corner of south-eastern Europe is one of the continent's most ecologically diverse areas. Large animals, such as wolves, brown bears, deer, and wild horses, coexist here. It's also a peaceful place for birdlife, with 300 species recordeD. The ultimate goal is to create a habitat where multiple different species depend on one another.Hristo's current challenge is to continue the reintroduction of European bison to the wilD. Since 2013, Hristo has worked with Rewilding Europe, a not-for-profit organisation which operates across Europe, to bring bison back to the Rhodope Mountains. In 2019, several bison were released into the wild, and three baby bison have already been born, two of those coming in 2020. At the end of last year, another two females were donated to the project from zoos in Hungary and Slovakia. When the new animals are eventually released into the wild, they will number 13.9.What can be learned about griffon vultures?A.They are now in danger of dying out.B.They may live as long as over 30 years.C.They can be seen in the Rhodope Mountains.D.They were first discovered in the early 1990s.10.Which of the following can best describe Hristo?A.Proud but caring.B.Silent but generous.C.Honest and creative.D.Devoted and patient.11.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A.Develop the theme with examples.B.Add some background information.C.Summarize the previous paragraphs.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.12.What can we expect of European bison's population in the future?A.It will be hard to assess.B.It will start to explode.C.It will show promise.D.It will be something to worry about.附：参考答案（一）【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

（甲卷）高考英语提前冲——阅读理解话题4 动物保护一、2023年真题(共4题；共8分)阅读理解Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and the iranswer is often the same: a grizzly bear."Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range," says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.Obviously, if precautions(预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. "Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits," says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.1．（2分）How do Americans look at grizzlies?A．They cause mixed feelings in people.B．They should be kept in national parks.C．They are of high scientific value.D．They are a symbol of American culture.2．（2分）What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?A．The European settlers' behavior.B．The expansion of bears' range.C．The protection by law since 1975.D．The support of Native Americans.3．（2分）What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies?A．The opposition of conservation groups.B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.C．The voice of the biologists.D．The local farmers' advocates.4．（2分）What can be ierere from the last paragraph?A．Food should be provided for grizzlies.B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.C．A special path should be built for grizzlies.D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.二、冲刺练(共20题；共40分)阅读理解Scientists are excited by the rediscovery of the giant lacewing. It is an insect which looks like across between a fly and a moth. It has spotted wings with a span of roughly 50 millimeters, holding the wings over its body like a tent.Giant lacewings have been around since the Jurassic era, a period of time about 150 to 200 million years ago. In the 1950s, scientists thought giant lacewings had disappeared from eastern North America. However, scientists recently confirmed that one had been spotted.Michael Skvarla works for Penn State University, who is the director of its insect identification lab. Skvarla found the giant lacewing in 2012. He remembers it clearly. "I was walking into Walmart to get milk and I saw this huge insect on the side of the building," Skvarla said. "I thought it looked interesting, so I put it in my hand and did the rest of my shopping with it between my fingers. I got home, mounted it and promptly forgot about it for almost a decade."Then, in late 2020, Skvarla was teaching biodiversity in a Zoom class during the pandemic lockdown. During the class, Skvarla showed his students microscopic images of the insect he had seen at Walmart. Together, they stared at the images. They studied the insect closely. Then, they realized that the insect had been wrongly labeled. Many scientists are stirred by this discovery. Now they have started wondering if theremay be entire populations hiding out, which requires for further investigation.And the causes of the supposed disappearance of the insect have long been a mystery. With a deeper research, there are some possible explanations. One is light pollution, which is the brightening of the night sky from man-made light sources such as street lights. Light pollution can disrupt the natural cycles of living things. Another cause could be the introduction of non-native insects such as ground beetles. They can cause harm to the environment. Ground beetles prey on giant lacewings. People's stopping forest fires may also play a part in the disappearance of the lacewing. This is because giant lacewings need ecosystems that rely on natural fires.5．（2分）What can we know about the appearance of the giant lacewing?A．It looks like a mix of a fly and a moth.B．Its body length is about 50 millimeters.C．Its wings are tiny and rough.D．Its body shape is like a tent.6．（2分）Which of the following correctly describes the process of the rediscovery?A．The researcher accurately recognized it at first sight.B．It was spotted at Walmart during the pandemic.C．It had been incorrectly labeled initially.D．Researchers closely studied the insect for nearly a decade.7．（2分）Why did the giant lacewing disappear according to Paragraph 5?A．The lengthening of natural sunlight time.B．The increase in the number of native attackers.C．The frequent occurrence of forest fires.D．The biological rhythms were messed up by man-made light.8．（2分）Where is the passage most probably taken from?A．A biology magazine.B．A science fiction.C．A research plan.D．A medical report.阅读理解Aussie Ark is an animal preservation project based near the Barrington Tops of New South Wales, Australia. Originally known as Devil Ark, its original goal was to only breed（培育）and preserve Tasmanian devils（袋獾）.About the size of a big domestic cat, the Tasmanian devil is the world's largest living marsupial carnivore（有袋食肉动物）. Its bigger cousin，the Tasmanian tiger，died out in 1936. Devil numbers were stable until 1996, when a strange disease suddenly began destroying devil populations across Tasmania. Devil facial tumour disease (DFTD), within a few months, is an infectious cancer spread by bites during fights over food and mates. There's still no cure despite a quarter-century of dedicated research, and devils have suffered an 80-90 per cent decline. A second type of DFTD, just as deadly, was identified in 2014.After the devil was declared endangered in 2008, increased effort went into establishing isolated DFTD-free insurance populations. Tasmania's offshore Maria Island supports a small introduced group of healthy devils, and the Forestier-Tasman Peninsula has the only disease-free population in its native range, but Aussie Ark has more devils than both the above two and is the biggest and wildest mainland breeding facility. As an innovative and wildly successful conservation project, Aussie Ark has spent the last decade creating a healthy mainland population of the endangered Tasmanian devils, mainly by letting them act naturally in a large-scale bush shelter. A big part of its success is the suitability of its landscape. The Ark's cool-climate, high-altitude (1, 300m)snow-gum forest has proved very devil-friendly. Launched in 201l with 44 DFTD-free devils, Aussie Ark has bred more than 350 devil babies now, a record outside Tasmania, and holds over half the devils in mainland Australia.9．（2分）What is the purpose of paragraph 2?A．To introduce the disease DFTB．C．To predict the extinction of devils.D．To stress the importance of wildlife protection.10．（2分）How will a devil get DFTD?A．If it lives in groups.B．If it fights with its mates.C．If it is bitten by an infected one.D．If it shares food with other devils.11．（2分）What's the main reason for Aussie Ark's success?A．It covers the largest area.B．It lasts a long period of time.C．It has disease-free devil babies.D．It provides massive natural habitats.12．（2分）Which may be a suitable title for the text?A．Devils Reappear in Mainland B．A Successful Project for DevilsC．Devils Are in Danger D．The Secret of Aussie Ark阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plant's "ears" to help them detect the sound of approaching insects.When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased. The fluid, produced to attract pollinating (授粉) insects, was on average 20 percent higher in flowers exposed to the buzz compared to those left in silence or exposed to higher pitched sounds. Professor Lilach Hadany, who led the study, said: "Our results document for the first time that plants can rapidly respond to pollinator sounds in an ecologically relevant way."However, Prof Hadany said a plant's ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. While plants require water, sunlight and the right temperature to grow, it is widely believed they do not have senses in the way animals do.But the study, published on the open-science website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain. "Plants' ability to hear has implications well beyond pollination—plants could potentially hear and respond to herbivores, other animals, the elements, and possibly other plants," Prof Hadany added.A month-long experiment conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society in 2009 found female voices appear to speed up the growth of tomatoes. The research offers a possible explanation —women's voices were at the right frequency for the plants to hear.（1）What's evening primrose flowers' response to bees' buzz?A. Longer bloom.B. Sweeter nectar.C. Brighter color.D. Less fluid.（2）Where can plants grow better according to Hadany?A. On a square.B. Beside a highway.C. In the woods.D. Along the street.（3）What can we infer from the research?A. Prince Charles proves kind of stupid.B. Plants can only potentially hear animals.C. Plants respond to sounds slowly and ecologically.D. Plants gardeners talk to frequently develop well.（4）What does the text mainly talk about?A. Flowers can hear.B. Bees are best pollinators.C. Plants can't grow without sound.D. Women's voices improve plants' growth.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人与植物的交流可以促其生长。

高考英语阅读理解（科普环保）专项练习含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1.薜薜阅读理解"Acting is the least mysterious of all crafts," Marion Brando once said. But for scientists, working out what is going on in an actor's head has always been something of a puzzle.Now, researchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending on whether they are in character or not.Dr Steven Brown, from McMaster University in Canada, said, "It looks like when you are acting, you are suppressing （压制）yourself; almost like the character is possessing you."Brown and colleagues report how 15 actors, mainly theatre students, were trained to take on a Shakespeare role ——either Romeo or Juliet ——in a theatre workshop. They were then invited into the laboratory, where their brains were scanned in a series of experiments.Once inside the MRI scanner, the actors were asked to answer a number of questions, such as: would they go to the party? And would they tell their parents that they had fallen in love?Each actor was asked to respond to different questions, based on two different premises （前提）. In one, they were asked for their own perspective, while in the other, they were asked to respond as though they were either Romeo or Juliet.The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they use some third-person knowledge or inferences about their character.The team said they also found additional reduction in activity in two regions of the prefrontal cortex （前额皮质）linked to the sense of self, compared with when the actors were responding as themselves.However, Philip Davis, a professor at the University of Liverpool, was unimpressed by the research, saying acting is about far more than "pretending" to be someone — it involves embodying （体现）the text and language.（1）How did Dr Brown's team conduct their research?A.By scanning the brain activity of some actors.B.By doing a survey with some theatre goers.C. By interviewing some theatre teachers.D. By consulting some experienced researchers.（2）What is the finding of Dr Brown's research?A.Acting is not as mysterious as people think.B.Actors' brain activity differs when they are acting.C.Acting is far more than pretending to be the character.D.Actors' brain activity is more active when they are in character.（3）How did Philip Davis react to the research?A. He supported it.B. He doubted it.C. He explained it.D. He advocated it.（4）What is the text mainly about?A. A debate of how the brain functions.B. A play written by Shakespeare.C. A research on the brain activity of actors.D. A report of the cooperation of scientists and actors.【答案】（ 1 ） A（ 2） B（ 3） B（ 4） C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项对于演员大脑活动的研究。

【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are "striking" and should encourage research efforts.Tests in humans could begin in months. But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk -such as pregnant women -would still be years away, experts advise. Zika has been spreading across Central and South America and, most recently, Africa. More than 60 countries and territories now have continuing transmission(传播) of the disease, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus causes serious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emergency.Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international research priority(优先事项). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice – one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In comparison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it.Researchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. There are many existing vaccines for other disease that use this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNA-based vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.（1）If the tests in humans go smoothly, .A. a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B. pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.C. a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D. The Zika virus will cause less serious birth defects during pregnancy in months.（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B. US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.C. None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D. It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effective.（3）Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Zika vaccine 'works very well' in miceB. Zika vaccine still has a long way to goC. International researches into Zika have paid offD. More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭。

【英语】高中英语阅读理解(科普环保)常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解Wolves strike fear into the hearts of many species, humans included. Our fear of them has brought them to the edge of dying out, as we have cruelly killed them as competitors and trouble-makers. But researchers are discovering that the very fear they put into prey（被捕食者）species is exactly what helps make ecosystems（生态）healthy.Yellowstone National Park is a typical example of just how wolves can help repair an ecosystem. An October 2018 study analyzed 40 years of research on large animals inside the park."Yellowstone has benefited from the reintroduction of wolves in ways that we did not anticipate, especially the complexity of biological interactions（互动）in the park," explained Mark Boyce, a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences." We were really surprised at that and we'd never have seen these responses if the park hadn't adopted ecological-process management—allowing natural ecological processes to take place with least human intervention."After the wolves were re-introduced at Yellowstone, willow and cottonwood trees increased in number. The population of bears and bison also rose and what was once a ruling deer-wolf interaction is now more diverse.To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial, a short documentary from Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer, which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy. In this documentary, biologist Aaron Wirsing explored why wolves and other top predators （捕食者）were needed for diverse ecosystems to develop. Using a simple video camera, Wirsing is gaining a unique view point on predator-prey relationships and changing the way we think about wolves.The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species, but for hundreds of species at every level of an ecosystem. The fear they bring along may be the very angle that helps save them from dying out.（1）What does the underlined word "anticipate" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Expect.B. Understand.C. Notice.D. Accept.（2）For what purpose was a documentary made?A. To introduce how wolves behave in the wild.B. To show how wolves benefit from ecosystems.C. To record how Aaron Wirsing observed wolves.D. To study what good wolves can do to ecosystems.（3）What is the significance of the research?A. It proves wolves feed on hundreds of species.B. It helps prove the importance of protecting wolves.C. It shows the complex relationships between species.D. It provides evidence that wolves are endangered animals.（4）What is the main idea of the passage?A. The fear of wolves is beneficial to ecosystems.B. The fear of wolves put them in danger of disappearing.C. Yellowstone National Park owes its healthy ecosystems to wolves.D. The introduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park is a success.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明人类以及其他动物对狼的恐惧对维持健康、平衡的生态系统是有益的，其中黄石公园灰狼的引进就是一个典型的例子。

保护野生动物英语考试题选择题What is the main reason for the decline in the number of wild animals?A. Natural disastersB. Loss of habitatC. OverhuntingD. Climate changeWhich of the following is NOT a way to protect wild animals?A. Reducing deforestationB. Hunting wild animals for funC. Supporting conservation organizationsD. Creating awareness among peopleWhat does the IUCN stand for?A. International Union for Conservation of NatureB. International Union for the Protection of AnimalsC. Union for the Conservation of WildlifeD. None of the aboveWhich animal is currently listed as 'Critically Endangered' on the IUCN Red List?A. LionB. TigerC. PandaD. ElephantWhich of the following is a direct threat to the survival of wild animals?A. Planting more treesB. Reducing plastic wasteC. Increasing urbanizationD. Promoting eco-tourismWhat does the term 'ecosystem' refer to?A. A group of plants and animals living togetherB. A group of humans and animals living togetherC. The interaction between living things and their environmentD. The study of wild animalsWhat is the main aim of wildlife sanctuaries?A. To provide entertainment for humansB. To protect wild animals from extinctionC. To allow hunting of specific animalsD. To promote tourismWhich of the following actions can help in wildlife conservation?A. Littering in protected areasB. Buying products made from endangered animalsC. Volunteering for conservation projectsD. Ignoring wildlife protection campaignsWhat does the term 'endangered species' mean?A. Species that are common and widely distributedB. Species that are at risk of becoming extinct in the near futureC. Species that are fully protected and cannot be huntedD. Species that are only found in captivityWhat is the role of non-governmental organizations in wildlife protection?A. They provide funds for government projectsB. They have no role to play in wildlife protectionC. They raise awareness and campaign for the protection of wildlifeD. They only care about popular animals like pandas and lions填空题The main reason for the decline in the population of wild animals is the __________ of their natural habitat.The IUCN Red List is a global database that lists species according to their risk of __________.__________ is one of the most effective ways to protect wildlife and their habitats.The term 'ecosystem' refers to the interaction between __________, plants, and their environment.The熊猫(panda) is a well-known example of an animal that is listed as __________ on the IUCN Red List.Wildlife sanctuaries provide a safe haven for __________ animals, allowing them to breed and thrive.One of the main threats to wild animals is the loss of food and shelter due to __________ and deforestation.Conservation organizations often run awareness campaigns to educate people about the importance of __________ wildlife.Volunteers can play a crucial role in wildlife protection by __________ in conservation projects and raising funds.The role of non-governmental organizations in wildlife protection is to raise awareness, campaign, and provide __________ for conservation efforts.。

高考必刷题英语阅读理解(科普环保)题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解A good disguise keeps you hidden, right? Well, sometimes the best disguise is actually the most dazzling because research reveals that flashy metallic iridescence(金属彩虹色) can visually puzzle predators, which allows colorful prey to survive another day. Those surprising results appear in the journal Scientific Reports.Shining iridescent color, which changes depending on the angle from which it's viewed, is favored by everything from birds to beetles and blossoms to butterflies."And in our research group we are of course interested in why this vivid metallic color is so widespread in nature." Karin Kjernsmo of the University of Bristol adds that in some cases the showy splashes of light are a sexual strategy. " Here I would like to point out that in some species, particularly those that display strong sexual dimorphism(雌雄两性), such as birds of paradise or some butterflies or fishes, the occurrence of iridescence is most likely driven by sexual selection. For example, in many of these cases it is the males that have these vivid iridescent colors and they use them in mate choice or they use them as a signal to attract mates." But iridescence also shows up in situations where reproduction is not an issue. " So what we are studying now is whether natural selection imposed by predation(捕食行为) could explain the occurrence of iridescence in prey animals."The idea that eye-catching colors could be used as a cover-up isn't a new one." The father of camouflage theory, Abbott Thayer, really believed that iridescence should be categorized as a camouflage strategy. And he wrote in his famous lifework Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom, already in 1909, that 'brilliantly changeable or metallic colors are among the strongest factors in an animal's concealment'. And this sounds like a completely unreasonable thing to say, because how can colors that are both brilliant and changeable contribute to animal's concealment？""In a similar way, we were asking whether iridescence, due to its changeability, could work as a form of camouflage by preventing shape recognition." Kjernsmo and her colleagues trained bumblebees to associate a particular shape—a circle or an oval—with a sugar reward. And they found that the bees, when given a choice, would preferentially visit the shape they knew to be sweet. But when the shapes were iridescent, the bees had trouble telling them apart. "It seemed that the strikingly iridescent surfaces on our targets visually broke up the otherwise recognizable shape of the targets, which made them hard to distinguish." As for making use of this method for hiding in plain sight, "Any practical applications is of course directly linked to any industry that has an interest in camouflage, that is how to conceal objects or make them more difficult to recognize." The researchers are currently conducting experiments with birds, which often prey on iridescent insects to see if it helps to have a bird's-eye view.（1）According to the passage, iridescence is not made use of by animals to ________. A. live a little longer by escaping their predator(捕食者) B. catch the attention of their mates C. conceal themselves when in danger D. catch sight of more colorful preys（2）From the study in the last paragraph, we can learn that ________.A. Bees can always tell the difference between a circle and an ovalB. Bees are creatures that are fascinated by sweet things that are iridescentC. If a circle, with a sugar reward, is iridescent, the bees may have difficulty finding itD. Bees are likely to prefer circles to ovals, whether they are iridescent or not（3）What will be talked about in the following paragraph?A. Whether there are any differences between bees and birds.B. Some industries that have great interest in camouflage.C. Why birds are not effected by iridescent insects.D. Which camouflage theory applies more to birds.（4）Which of the following might serve as the best title of the passage?A. A famous camouflage strategyB. Metallic iridescent as the best disguiseC. Colors unique to animalsD. Shining colors as a sexual strategy【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了彩虹色有助于生物隐藏。

高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练100(附答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partner.Dieticians at Newcastle University said both partners try to please one another, and so change their dietary habits to suit their other half.It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner. Women still have the strongest long-term influence over the couple's diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households.The report, by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a variety of research projects from the UK, North America and Australia, which looked at the eating and lifestyle habits of couples.The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partnerWomen also use food as a comfort when dealing with emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men.Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.Report author and registered dietician Dr. Amelia Lake said, "The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration."（1）According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men ________.A. have few changes of their dietary habitsB. have to eat more unhealthy foodsC. don't like foods high in fat and sugar at allD. try to eat foods that their girlfriends like（2）The underlined word "light" (in Paragraph 4) probably means ________.A. not very heavyB. less in fat and sugarC. gentleD. not serious or important （3）According to the report by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre, ________.A. women put on weight only because they want to suit their other halfB. when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habitsC. eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couplesD. it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner（4）From the passage, we can infer that ________.A. women should pay more attention to their partner's influence on themB. more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most householdsC. couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their partnerD. long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner（5）What would be the best title for the passage?A. Don't be silly any more, women!B. Which are better dietary habits?C. Boyfriends make you fatD. Dr. Amelia Lake and his study【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，纽卡斯尔大学的营养学专家的研究表明，同居让女人发胖让男人更健康。

高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)真题汇编(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

When athletes at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics collect their medals, they'll not only be wearing something that celebrates their sporting performance, but something that symbolizes lastingness. For both the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics, organizers aim to make all of the gold, silver, and bronze medals out of used electronics. This strong message about how to make use of e-waste has gotten a lot of Japan involved.Starting in April 2017, the Japanese Olympic Committee began collecting old laptops, digital cameras, smartphones, and other abandoned electronics. The initiative (倡议) has achieved great success. Already, the quantity needed for bronze medals has been met, and they're in the homestretch for silver and gold medals, meaning the collection process can pack up at the end of March.When looking just at the number of cell phones collected, the amount of waste is shocking. In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. Japan's largest mobile phone operator allowed the public to turn in phones at their shops, which counted a lot in the project's success.After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics underwent a smelting process to extract (提炼) all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. Thanks to this initiative, the worldwide struggle with e-waste will have a global platform. According to a study published by the United Nations University—44.7 million metric tons of e-waste were made in 2016. Only 20% of that was actually recycled. Unfortunately, this figure is set to rise significantly in the coming years, moving to 52.2 million metric tons by 2021. So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, it's a good start in showing what the public can do if they're made more aware of the issue.（1）What can be learnt about Tokyo Olympics initiative from the passage?A. E-waste in the world is increasing significantly.B. It is easy to get elements needed from the used electronics.C. Only producers of electronics participated in the project.D. NTT DOCOMO contributed to the success of the project.（2）Which can best replace the underlined word "homestretch" in Paragraph 2?A. starting periodB. collection effortC. final stageD. hard search（3）What influence does the Tokyo Olympics initiative have?A. It offers an effective method to solve the problem of e-waste.B. It shows the power of advanced technology in daily life.C. It saves the expense spent in making all the medals.D. It encourages the public's involvement in dealing with e-waste.（4）What is the writer's attitude to the Tokyo Olympics initiative?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. AmbiguousD. Indifferent【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本将回收利用废弃的电子产品中的金属，用于制作2020年奥运会奖牌。

高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解Researchers have found bees can do basic mathematics, in a discovery that deepens our understanding of the relationship between brain size and brain power. Recently, A study conducted by researchers from RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia showed that bees could perform arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction (减法).Solving math problems requires a complex level of involving the mental management of numbers, long-term rules and short-term working memory. The finding that even the tiny brain of a honeybee can grasp basic mathematical operations has a possible effect on the future development of Artificial Intelligence, particularly in improving rapid learning.RMIT's Professor Adrian Dyer said numerical (数字的) operations like addition and subtraction are complex because they require two levels of processing. “You need to be able to hold the rules around adding and subtracting in your long-term memory, while mentally using skillfully a set of given numbers in your short-term memory,” Dyer said. “On top of this, our bees also used their short-term memories to solve arithmetic problems, as they learned to recognize plus or minus as abstract concepts.”The findings suggest that advanced numerical cognition (认知) may be found much more widely in nature among non-human animals than previously suspected.“If math doesn't require a massive brain, there might also be new ways for us to include interactions of both long-term rules and working memory in designs to improve rapid AI learning of new problems,” said Dyer.Many species can understand the difference between quantities and use this to search for food, make decisions and solve problems. But numerical cognition, such as exact number and arithmetic operations, requires a more complex level of processing.Previous studies have shown some primates (灵长目动物), birds, babies and even spiders can add and/or subtract. The new research, published in Science Advances, adds bees to that list.（1）What have the researchers from RMIT University discovered?A. The relationship between brain size and brain power.B. Long-term rules and short term working memory.C. Bees can perform complex arithmetic operations.D. Bees can do basic mathematics.（2）According to Adrian Dyer, bees' numerical cognition ________.A. requires addition and subtraction two complex processingB. has a possible effect on the future development of AIC. only involves their short-term working memoryD. calls for a lot of maths knowledge（3）What does the finding of the new research suggest?A. Bees can recogize the exact number.B. Arithmetic operations exist in human and bees.C. Numerical cognition has been found in many more species.D. Some primates, birds and even spiders can add and substract.（4）What can be the best title for the text?A. A Discovery About the Tiny Brain of BeesB. New Findings About Bees Having Numerical CogintionC. Numerical Cognition Requires a Complex Level of ProcessingD. The Relationship Between Brain Size and Brain Power【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，RMIT大学的研究人员发现了蜜蜂能做基本的数学。

专项训练05 动物保护一、语法填空女明星“花花”According to the news from the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, the giant panda named Huahua recently caught a cold and will ____________(temporary) suspend its exhibition. Currently, Huahua's condition is relatively stable, and she will meet everyone again once she fully recovers.Seasonal changes and weather fluctuations can lead to a decrease in the immune system of giant pandas, ____________(result) in common cold symptoms such as a runny nose, intermittent sneezing, and a ___________(decrease) appetite.The medical team at the panda base promptly diagnoses the condition and adjusts the medication dosage ________(base) on factors such as the panda's age, weight, and the severity of the illness. __________(improve) the medication's palatability, an appropriate amount of sugar is added, and the medication is mixed ________ milk, water, or incorporated into bamboo shoots or fruits for _________(feed) the giant pandas.全球唯一白色大熊猫The latest findings about a _______(rare) seen white giant panda have been revealed, including its gender, habitat and activities, said the management bureau of the Wolong National Nature Reserve in Sichuan province.A DNA test confirmed that the white giant panda is male and video clips from infrared cameras showed that it __________(interact) well with other bears.A dedicated research team was formed in Wolong and _____________(conduct) tracking and monitoring for four years since the unique panda's sighting was released in May 2019.Tan Yingchun, a senior engineer at the reserve's management bureau, said that upon _________(discover) of the white giant panda by a real-time infrared camera, a team immediately headed ________the mountains. They collected fresh feces and sent them for ___________(analyze) using genetic sequencing technology.The research team collected nearly 1,000 monitoring data points over the four years, _____________(document) the interactions between the white panda and various wild pandas, including behaviors such as feeding, marking territory, and potential mating and fighting, the bureau said.Li Sheng, a researcher at Peking University's School of Life Sciences, said that despite its distinctive ____________(appear), the white giant panda's interactions and social behavior do not appear to be compromised."The white panda has built positive relationships with other individuals in the area. This remarkable adaptation illustrates the high-quality habitat, adequate food resources and effective conservation measures ___________(provide) by the reserve," he said.Tan said that the team has gained a basic understanding of the white panda's behavioral patterns."The frequency of its appearance is highest during the spring, ___________ coincides with the mating season for giant pandas. Researchers are collecting feces and hair samples for DNA analysis, in hopes of _________(gain) insight into its biology."The goal is _________(find) out if there are other giant pandas keeping company with the white one in the area," he said.二、话题阅读AThe long-awaited return journey of female giant panda Ya Ya, who has lived in the Memphis Zoo in the US state of Tennessee for 20 years, finally started on Wednesday local time, according to media reports. The news resulted in heated cheers of Chinese netizens as they had been closely watching and looking forward to Ya Ya’s return for months over concerns about the giant panda’s health.Ya Ya had left the Memphis Zoo in Tennessee, the US, starting her journey back to China on Wednesday morning, the Xinhua News Agency reported. When asked about the latest progress on Ya Ya’s return journey, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said at the Wednesday press conference that Ya Ya would soon return to China as arranged. “Related parties in China and the US are actively promoting related preparations and arrangements,” Mao said.According to information released by Chinese flight tracking platform Feichangzhun, FedEx special flight FX9759 would take off at 12:05 p. m. on Wednesday US time from the Memphis airport for the Shanghai Pudong International Airport. The flight duration is estimated to be nearly 16 hours. Many netizens volunteered to go to the Shanghai Pudong Airport to welcome Ya Ya and Le Le. “I am sure there will be a crowd of people there for them! We all want to see them land in the motherland safely!” said a Weibo user.Ya Ya was born in the Beijing Zoo in August 2000. In April 2003, as part of a cooperation program on the protection and research of giant pandas between China and the US, Ya Ya and Le Le, a male panda from the Shanghai Zoo, were flown to Memphis.Since the beginning of 2021, there have been continuous reports about the poor health conditions of Ya Ya and Le Le, with heart-wrenching photos surfacing online. After passing away of Le Le in February, pictures of the weak Ya Ya caused a stronger impact on the Chinese social media, leading many netizens to call for the early return of Ya Ya.1．What can we infer from the text?A．Ya Ya is twenty years old now.B．Related parties care little about Ya Ya.C．Many netizens are very concerned about Ya Ya’s health.D．Ya Ya will reach Shanghai at about 4:00 a. m. on Thursday Beijing time.2．What does the underlined word “released” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Changed.B．Announced.C．Developed.D．Achieved.3．What made Ya Ya so weak in the USA?A．Le Le’s death.B．Missing her motherland.C．Too many people’s concern.D．No clear reason mentioned.4．Where can this text come from?A．A news report.B．A travel journal.C．A science fiction.D．A popular magazine.BThe world’s animal populations have decreased by more than two-thirds since 1970, according to a recent research from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF).The London group provided information on 32,000 wildlife populations which included more than 5,000 species. The researchers found that population sizes had declined by 69 percent on average. They said the loss of forests, human exploitation (开发) of the environment, pollution, and climate change were great causes of the loss. Land-use change is still the biggest threat to wildlife. However, the researchers added, ”if we cannot limit warming to 1.5“C, climate change is likely to become the dominant cause of biodiversity loss in the coming years.”Wildlife populations in Latin American and the Caribbean Sea area were greatly affected. The research showed a 94 percent drop in those areas in over 50 years. Wildlife populations in river and lake habitats decreased the most. Freshwater populations have declined by an average of 83 percent since 1970. For example, one population of pink river dolphins in the Amazon River area of Brazil fell by 65 percent between 1994 and 2016.These findings are a red flag that warns of a larger system failure on the horizon. Even one species’ population decline can affect other species, eventually impacting the ecosystem’s ability to function. Humans depend on a stable climate, predictable weather patterns, and productive farmland and fisheries to thrive (蓬勃发展), but the current trends are severe enough to threaten many life-sustaining systems.Our future depends on reversing(扭转) the loss of nature just as much as it depends on dealing with climate change. And you can’t solve one without solving the other. Everyone has a role in reversing these trends, from individuals to companies to governments. If nothing changes, animal populations will undoubtedly continue to fall, driving wildlife to extinction and threatening the integrity (完整) of the ecosystems on which we all depend. 5．What is the greatest threat to wildlife populations currently?A．Illegal hunting.B．Global warming.C．Land-use change.D．Environmental pollution.6．How does the author explain the decline of freshwater wildlife in paragraph 3?A．By listing figures.B．By analyzing the causes.C．By making a comparison.D．By referring to a concept.7．What can we learn from paragraph 4?A．Climate change threatens many wild animals.B．Farmland is the basis of life-sustaining systemsC．Species diversity is important to maintain a stable ecosystem.D．Extreme weather events have become more and more frequent.8．What is the main purpose of the text?A．To explain the difficulty of restoring ecosystemsB．To call on people to take action to protect nature.C．To present the increasing trend of climate change.D．To show people’s efforts in reversing the loss of nature.CThe International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) added the Chinese paddlefish (白鲟) to its list of extinct species in July, 2022. People will never see a living Chinese paddlefish again as it has been declared extinct. For many people in China, this may have been the first time they heard the name of the fish that was once a denizen (常客) of the Yangtze River Basin.The fish had lived in the Yangtze River Basin since about 200 million years ago. It was among the world’s biggest freshwater species and could grow up to 7.5 meters in length. The last time the fish was spotted was in 2003 in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Yibin, Sichuan Province. It was an injured female sturgeon (鲟鱼). After local people treated its wounds, it was released into the river.According to the IUCN, the global sturgeon reassessment found that all remaining 26 sturgeon species in the world are now at risk of extinction, up from 85 in 2009. Their decline over the past three generations is steeper than previously thought.“The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish should be a warning for everyone,” said Zhou Fei, China’s chief program officer at the World Wide Fund for Nature. “It has provided an opportunity for conservation experts to raise public awareness about the urgency of protecting freshwater species in the Yangtze River Basin and educate the public on the need for more efforts to save other species living in the region from extinction,” he added.To prevent further loss of freshwater species in China, people must act urgently. There is no time to waste. Also, long-term threats to their life and habitats must be eliminated by taking systematic protection measures. The protection of biodiversity will delay the extinction of some species. It’s not something that can be achieved by certain departments. Instead, it requires joint efforts from all sectors of society.9．What did the IUCN announce recently?A．The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish.B．A new list of endangered wildlife in the world.C．A prohibition on overfishing in freshwater lakes.D．The discovery of a rare species in the Yangtze River.10．What is the purpose of paragraph 2?A．To present the diversity of freshwater species.B．To stress the key role of sturgeon in the ecosystem.C．To offer some information about the Chinese paddlefish.D．To show the difficulty of protecting the Chinese paddlefish.11．What can we learn from Zhou Fei’s words?A．The extinction of species is a wake-up call to mankind.B．It is challenging for the public to save endangered species.C．The global sturgeon has been declining sharply in recent years.D．The loss of freshwater species results in serious consequences.12．What does the underlined word “eliminated” in the last paragraph mean?A．Ignored.B．Removed.C．Estimated.D．Preserved.专项训练05 动物保护三、语法填空女明星“花花”According to the news from the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, the giant panda named Huahua recently caught a cold and will temporarily suspend its exhibition. Currently, Huahua's condition is relatively stable, and she will meet everyone again once she fully recovers.Seasonal changes and weather fluctuations can lead to a decrease in the immune system of giant pandas, resulting in common cold symptoms such as a runny nose, intermittent sneezing, and a decreased appetite.The medical team at the panda base promptly diagnoses the condition and adjusts the medication dosage based on factors such as the panda's age, weight, and the severity of the illness.To improve the medication's palatability, an appropriate amount of sugar is added, and the medication is mixed with milk, water, or incorporated into bamboo shoots or fruits for feeding the giant pandas.全球唯一白色大熊猫The latest findings about a rarely seen white giant panda have been revealed, including its gender, habitat and activities, said the management bureau of the Wolong National Nature Reserve in Sichuan province.A DNA test confirmed that the white giant panda is male and video clips from infrared cameras showed that it interacts well with other bears.A dedicated research team was formed in Wolong and has conducted tracking and monitoring for four years since the unique panda's sighting was released in May 2019.Tan Yingchun, a senior engineer at the reserve's management bureau, said that upon discovery of the white giant panda by a real-time infrared camera, a team immediately headed to the mountains. They collected fresh feces and sent them for analysis using genetic sequencing technology.The research team collected nearly 1,000 monitoring data points over the four years, documenting the interactions between the white panda and various wild pandas, including behaviors such as feeding, marking territory, and potential mating and fighting, the bureau said.Li Sheng, a researcher at Peking University's School of Life Sciences, said that despite its distinctive appearance, the white giant panda's interactions and social behavior do not appear to be compromised."The white panda has built positive relationships with other individuals in the area. This remarkable adaptation illustrates the high-quality habitat, adequate food resources and effective conservation measures provided by the reserve," he said.Tan said that the team has gained a basic understanding of the white panda's behavioral patterns."The frequency of its appearance is highest during the spring, which coincides with the mating season for giant pandas. Researchers are collecting feces and hair samples for DNA analysis, in hopes of gaining insight into its biology."The goal is to find out if there are other giant pandas keeping company with the white one in the area," he said.四、话题阅读1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A【来源】浙江省丽水市2022-2023学年高一下学期普通高中期末教学质量监控英语试题【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。

高考英语试题真题分类汇编阅读理解(科普环保)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?This question was raised after a group of penguins were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film let out a sighof relief. "I'm so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn't bothering, right?" viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. "You can't have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse," said the show's creator David Attenborough, according to The Times.In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. "There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren't touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... they had the chance not to have to keep slipping downthe slope," he told the BBC.Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, "If it's ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out ofthe way. Even when you're watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.""There's no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right therein front of you," Will Lawson, the show's director, told Daily Mail.（1）What has led to a heated media discussion?A.People's various remarks on penguins.B.The rescue of penguins from a gully.C.Some penguins' sufferings in a gully.D.Ways of filming the series Dynasties.（2）Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference?A.Kathryn Shaw.B.Will Lawson.C.Paul Nieklen.D.David Attenborough.（3）Which of the following best explains the word "gut-wrenching" underlined in paragraph 6?A.Putting one in place.B.Making one confused.C.Putting one in danger.D.Making one heartbroken.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Reasons for the Necessity of Lending a Hand to AnimalsB.Suggestions on How to Protect Animals From DangerC.Effects of Human Interference on Dangerous AnimalsD.Opinions on Whether to Help Animals in Trouble or Not【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当动物们面临危险时，我们是否要伸出援救之手，以及如何去保护它们脱险。

主题阅读：保护动物练习The "strangest parrots on earth“ are being saved 号嘤曼匐E在^它们白天睡觉，晚上出来活动，能攀爬却不能飞行。

它们被称为“世界上最蠢萌的鹦鹉”。

难词探意1. plump /adj.微胖的;饱满的2. triple / adj.三倍的3. breed / v,繁殖;饲养4. snugly / adv.紧贴地5. pellet / n.小球;小弹丸6. poach / v.（侵入他人地界）偷猎Ifs as plump as a goose, has the face of an owl and waddles like a duck. It sleeps in the day and is active at night. And it can climb just about anything but can't fly anywhere. No wonder people call the kakapos the strangest parrots on earth.Once found in large numbers all over New Zealand, kakapos have been on the edge of disappearing for more than a century. In 1977, trackers counted just 18 kakapos left in the entire country and all of them were males. Then something amazing happened. A previously unknown kakapo population was found. It included the first females seen in more than 60 years. This exciting discovery made the local government help the parrots by moving them to three small, predator? Free islands.New Zealand is an isolated island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Many of its plants and animals, like the kakapo, are found nowhere else. Protecting them is a matter of national pride as well as urgency. "As the largest type of parrot on earth, they are quite the sight in person,n said Wes Sechrest of Global Wildlife Conservation, which is helping the kakapo recovery program. 'They have a teddy?bear quality with their soft feathers, wide eyes and owl like expressions.Today the recovery program counts 147 adult birds, nearly triple thenumber since its start in 1995. And that number will soon grow, as the current breeding season is expected to set a record and add 30 to 50 healthy chicks.To improve kakapo breeding, recovery team members watch and track the parrots using nest cameras, infrared beams (红夕卜光束)，microchips and radio transmitters in small "backpacks" fitted snugly under the birds wings. Individual feeding stations supply extra pellet food and clean water. The stations have electronic scales to check weight and are programmed to open only for the target bird, automatically locking if a parrot wearing the "wrong" transmitter tries to poach from another parrots station.Eggs are often removed from the nest and put in incubators (孵化器)， machines that help them develop. In their place, team members leave 3D?printed "smart eggs" that make noise and get the moms ready to raise their chicks once they hatch and are brought back.Recovery team caretakers are very dedicated. They hike the forest all day with equipment and supplies weighing nearly 50 pounds, then curl up at night in tents near the birds. Like new parents, they awake several times each night to tend to their assigned nest. Every new chick is celebrated. A few years ago, when a female accidentally crushed her egg, team members patched it with tape and glue. Days later, they watched excitedly as the first kakapo chick in three years hatched. Success!Reading CheckTrue (T) or False (F)7. 1. Kakapos are called as the strangest parrots mainly because of their sleeping habits.8. 2. There were only 18 kakapos left in New Zealand in 1977.9. 3. The recovery program helps the kakapos a lot in their recovering.10. . Modern technologies are used to improve kakapo breeding.11. . Taking care of kakapos is a tough but wonderful job for the recovery team workers.1.F 2, T 3. T 4. T 5. T Threats that tigers face号称“森林之王”的老虎如今也生存不易，面陶种种威胁。

有关保护野生动物高中英语阅读理解介绍保护野生动物是一个重要的环境议题，而高中英语阅读理解题目往往涉及到这一话题。

本篇文档将针对高中英语阅读理解，探讨保护野生动物的重要性、挑战以及解决方案。

保护野生动物的重要性保护野生动物对于维持生态平衡和保护地球生物多样性至关重要。

野生动物在生态系统中担任着重要的角色，维持食物链、辅助传粉和种子传播，控制害虫数量等。

如果野生动物种群受到威胁或灭绝，将给整个生态系统造成不可逆转的损害。

而且，野生动物也是人类文化和旅游业的重要资源，对于地方经济具有重要影响。

保护野生动物所面临的挑战，保护野生动物面临着许多挑战。

，栖息地破坏是最大的威胁之一。

人类活动导致了森林砍伐、土地开发、城市扩张等，这使得野生动物的栖息地面临日益紧张的局势。

，非法猎捕和贩卖野生动物是另一个严峻的问题。

由于野生动物制品的高价值，许多猎杀和非法贸易行为导致了许多动物种群的灭绝和减少。

第三，气候变化也对野生动物造成了重大影响。

气候变化导致了栖息地的改变，影响了动物的迁徙和繁殖。

保护野生动物的解决方案针对保护野生动物所面临的挑战，需要采取一系列的解决方案。

，加强保护区的管理和扩大保护区的范围。

保护区提供了稳定的栖息地，确保野生动物的生存。

，加强野生动物的法律保护。

通过制定严格的法律和加强执法力度，可以减少非法猎捕和贩卖野生动物的行为。

第三，提高公众的环保意识。

公众的参与和支持是保护野生动物的关键。

开展相关教育和宣传活动，提高公众对保护野生动物重要性的认识。

第四，国际合作是解决全球性野生动物保护问题的关键。

各国之间的合作和信息共享可以更有效地应对野生动物保护挑战。

保护野生动物是一个复杂而严峻的问题，但是我们不能坐视不理。

保护野生动物关乎我们的生态环境、经济利益和文化传承。

通过加强保护区管理、加强法律保护、提高公众意识和国际合作，我们可以共同努力，保护这些宝贵的资源。

注：以上文档为虚拟创作，仅供参考。

实际文章内容请根据实际情况进行撰写。