Ultra-low permeability polymeric encapsulated acoustic device and method

胍胶压裂返排液残渣净化处理技术林啸;姚媛元;陈果【摘要】常规胍胶压裂返排液残渣净化处理过程中，只考虑残渣的含量是否达到排放标准，并没有对净化处理后残渣粒径是否达到排放标准进行研究。

以残渣粒径不大于1μm 作为评价标准，采用“絮凝处理+活性炭处理”的方法进行压裂返排液净化处理实验。

实验结果表明，明矾、聚合氯化铝（PAC）、聚合硫酸氯化铁铝（PAFCS）等3种常用絮凝剂处理后的残渣粒径处于1~2μm，其中 PAFCS 絮凝处理效果最好，其最优实验条件为：加量2.5 g/L，粒径0.25~0.3 mm，搅拌时间20 min，静置时间30 min；明矾、PAC、PAFCS 絮凝处理后的液体中分别加入4.5 g/L、4 g/L、3.5 g/L 活性炭，净化处理后残渣粒径小于1μm，残渣粒径及残渣含量均达到国家排放标准。

%In the process of conventional purification of discharged residual guar fracturing fluid, only residue content is required to meet applicable discharging standard, but no consideration has been given to granular diameters of such residues after purification. Taking the residual grain diameter of no more than 1 μm as the benchmark for assessment, “flocculation+active carbon” treatment was used for purification of discharged fracturing fluid. Test results show three conventional flocculants: alum, polymeric aluminum chlo-ride (PAC) and polymeric aluminum-ferric chloride sulfate (PAFCS) can be used to produce residues with grain diameters of 1~2 μm. A mong them, PAFCS displays the best flocculation performance at optimal test conditions as follows, Volume of agent is 2.5 g/L, grain diameter is 0.25~0.3 mm, stirring time is 20 min, settling time is 30 min, active carbon with concentration of4.5 g/L, 4 g/L and 3.5 g/L, respectively, were added to the fluid produced upon completion of flocculation involving alum, PAC and PAFCS. After completion of purification, all residues have grain diameters less than 1 μm, and both grain diameter and content of residues conform to applicable discharging standard.【期刊名称】《石油钻采工艺》【年(卷),期】2016(038)005【总页数】4页(P689-692)【关键词】压裂返排液;净化处理;悬浮物含量;残渣粒径;絮凝剂;活性炭【作者】林啸;姚媛元;陈果【作者单位】中国石油川庆钻探工程公司井下作业公司;中国石油川庆钻探工程公司井下作业公司;中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TE357.12水力压裂是改造储层、提高产量的行之有效的措施之一。

For high- and ultra high-density fiber environments with ultra low-loss capabilitiesSYSTIMAX ®HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide·Modular design makes moves, adds and changes (MACs) simple·Migrate from 10G through 25Gto 40/100G parallel without expanding the footprint·Modular design offers more flexibility and allows for incremental spending as needed·Available in LazrSPEED OM4 and OM5 Wideband and TeraSPEED to support current and future high-performance applications·Utilizes same footprint for duplex LCand MPO connections·Intuitive, flexible labeling solutions foreasy port identification·Large, translucent window providesclear view of the patching field·Supports imVision automatedinfrastructure management (AIM)solution·Split-tray design provides easyinstallation while minimizing networkdowntime·Tool-less install of rear trunkcables significantly reduces trunkdeployment time·Utilizes common modules across theUD/HD platformUD/HD solution comparisonPanel Adapter types Ports/RULC/MPOMax. fiber countHD 1U Duplex LC/MPO48/3296/768HD 2U Duplex LC/MPO96/64192/1536HD 4U Duplex LC/MPO192/128384/3072UD 2U Duplex LC/MPO144/96288/2304UD 4U Duplex LC/MPO288/192576/4608iPatch HD 1U Duplex LC/MPO48/3296/768iPatch HD 2U Duplex LC/MPO96/64192/1536iPatch UD 2U Duplex LC/MPO144/96288/2304 SCALABLE MANAGEABLE AGILESYSTIMAX® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide 34 SYSTIMAX ®HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guideMATERIAL IDPRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760209940HD-1U SYSTIMAX HD 1U sliding fiber panel, accepts (4) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 48 duplex LC ports or up to 32 MPO ports760209957HD-2U SYSTIMAX HD 2U sliding fiber panel, accepts (8) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 96 duplex LC ports or up to 64 MPO ports760209965HD-4U SYSTIMAX HD 4U sliding fiber panel, accepts (16) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 192 duplex LC ports or up to 128 MPO ports760210732HD-1U-FX SYSTIMAX HD 1U fixed fiber panel, accepts (4) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 48 duplex LC ports or up to 32 MPO ports760210740HD-2U-FX SYSTIMAX HD 2U fixed fiber panel, accepts (8) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 96 duplex LC ports or up to 64 MPO ports760210757HD-4U-FX SYSTIMAX HD 4U fixed fiber panel, accepts (16) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 192 duplex LC ports or up to 128 MPO ports760231506HD-1U-SP SYSTIMAX HD 1U Sliding fiber panel, accepts (4) 360G2 pigtail cassettes or 360DP panels, providing field term/splice capability up to 48 duplex LC ports 760231514HD-2U-SP SYSTIMAX HD 2U Sliding fiber panel, accepts (8) 360G2 pigtail cassettes or 360DP panels, providing field term/splice capability up to 96 duplex LC ports 760231522HD-4U-SPSYSTIMAX HD 4U Sliding fiber panel, accepts (12) 360G2 pigtail cassettes or 360DP panels, providing field term/splice capability up to 192 duplex LC portsSYSTIMAX HD panelsSTEP 1: SELECT PANELS AND ACCESSORIESSYSTIMAX ® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide 5MATERIAL IDPRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760227306UD-2U SYSTIMAX UD 2U sliding fiber panel, accepts (12) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 144 duplex LC ports or up to 96 MPO ports760227314UD-4U SYSTIMAX UD 4U sliding fiber panel, accepts (24) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 288 duplex LC ports or up to 192 MPO ports760218461UD-2U-FX SYSTIMAX UD 2U fixed fiber panel, accepts (12) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 144 duplex LC ports or up to 96 MPO ports760218479UD-4U-FXSYSTIMAX UD 4U fixed fiber panel, accepts (24) G2 ULL modules or MPO panels, providing up to 288 duplex LC ports or up to 192 MPO portsMATERIAL IDPRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760207944HD-1U-REAR-EXT 1U Rear cable extension 760207951HD-1U-REAR-COVER 1U Rear blanking panel 760209627HD-2U-REAR-EXT -06-KIT 2U Rear cable extension760209981HD-4U-REAR-EXT -06-KIT 4U Rear cable extension—6 cable entries 760209999HD-4U-REAR-EXT -12-KIT 4U Rear cable extension—12 cable entries 760209619CABLE-MOUNT -KIT -12Cable attachment molding x 12760211078HD-1U-REAR-DOOR-COVER 1U Rear door760210286HD-2U-REAR-DOOR 2U Rear door 760210294HD-4U-REAR-DOOR 4U Rear door760032110MODG2-MGS G2 Modular MGS bezel (package of 4)760109462360G2-MOD-BLANK-4PKSYSTIMAX 360G2 Mod Panel Blank, 4 Panels760058677RMB-6-1/2 InstaPATCH Plus attachment bracket, rack mounted, six 1/2" fittings 760058685RMB-6-3/8 InstaPATCH Plus attachment bracket, rack mounted, six 3/8" fittings 760225920UD-2U-REAR-EXT -06-KIT 2UD Rear cable extension—6 cable entries 760236812UD-2U-REAR-EXT -12-KIT 2UD Rear cable extension—12 cable entries 760225938UD-4U-REAR-EXT -06-KIT 4UD Rear cable extension—6 cable entries 760225946UD-4U-REAR-EXT -12-KIT4UD Rear cable extension—12 cable entriesSYSTIMAX UD panelsSYSTIMAX HD/UD panel accessoriesMATERIAL ID PRODUCT CODE DESCRIPTION760217463HD-iP-1U-32-MPO-DP-SD HD iPatch enabled 1U 32-MPO distribution panel, sliding shelf 760217471HD-iP-2U-64-MPO-DP-SD HD iPatch enabled 2U 64-MPO distribution panel, sliding shelf760236401HD-iP-1U-96F-LC-DM08-ULL-LS-SD HD iPatch enabled 1U 96F-LC distribution MPO08 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236400HD-iP-1U-96F-LC-DM08-ULL-WB-SD HD iPatch enabled 1U 96F-LC distribution MPO08 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelf760236405HD-iP-1U-96F-LC-DM12-ULL-LS-SD HD iPatch enabled 1U 96F-LC distribution MPO12 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236404HD-iP-1U-96F-LC-DM12-ULL-WB-SD HD iPatch enabled 1U 96F-LC distribution MPO12 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelf760236409HD-iP-1U-96F-LC-DM24-ULL-LS-SD HD iPatch enabled 1U 96F-LC distribution MPO24 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236408HD-iP-1U-96F-LC-DM24-ULL-WB-SD HD iPatch enabled 1U 96F-LC distribution MPO24 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelf760236403HD-iP-2U-192F-LC-DM08-ULL-LS-SD HD iPatch enabled 2U 192F-LC distribution MPO08 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236402HD-iP-2U-192F-LC-DM08-ULL-WB-SD HD iPatch enabled 2U 192F-LC distribution MPO08 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelf760236407HD-iP-2U-192F-LC-DM12-ULL-LS-SD HD iPatch enabled 2U 192F-LC distribution MPO12 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236406HD-iP-2U-192F-LC-DM12-ULL-WB-SD HD iPatch enabled 2U 192F-LC distribution MPO12 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelf760236411HD-iP-2U-192F-LC-DM24-ULL-LS-SD HD iPatch enabled 2U 192F-LC distribution MPO24 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236410HD-iP-2U-192F-LC-DM24-ULL-WB-SD HD iPatch enabled 2U 192F-LC distribution MPO24 ULL module, LazrSPEED Wideband, sliding shelfSYSTIMAX iPatch panelsSTEP 1: CONTINUEDThe SYSTIMAX® iPatch® HD & UD fiber panels are a component of the imVision® automated infrastructure management (AIM) solution and provide intelligent connectivity to the data center.·Pa nels come pre-configured with Me thod B Enhanced ULL modulesSYSTIMAX iPatch HD Panels6 SYSTIMAX® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guideSYSTIMAX ® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide 7·G2 ULL DM modules feature unpinned, rear MPO adapters to accept ULL MPO24, MPO12 or MPO8 preterminated trunk assemblies ·Shutters automatically actuated by connector insertion, allowing for one-handed operation ·Latch assist simplifies module removal for faster moves, adds and changes (MACs) ·Shutters designed to avoid ferrule contact during connector installation·Shutter door will illuminate when exposed to a visual fault locator (VFL) for easier circuit tracing ·Utilizing Method B Enhanced polarity maintenance, the ULL modules that all transmit and receive paths are correctly routed in parallel applications Note: AIM-compatible modules and preconfigured shelves available. iPatch modules do notuse internal shutters.STEP 2: SELECT MODULES AND ADAPTER PANELSMATERIAL IDPRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760236362UD-iP-2U-96-MPO-DP-SDUD iPatch enabled 2U 96-MPO distribution panel, sliding shelf760236367UD-iP-2U-288F-LC-DM08-ULL-LS-SD UD iPatch enabled 2U 288F-LC distribution MPO08 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236366UD-iP-2U-288F-LC-DM08-ULL-WB-SD UD iPatch enabled 2U 288F-LC distribution MPO08 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelf 760236369UD-iP-2U-288F-LC-DM12-ULL-LS-SD UD iPatch enabled 2U 288F-LC distribution MPO12 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236368UD-iP-2U-288F-LC-DM12-ULL-WB-SD UD iPatch enabled 2U 288F-LC distribution MPO12 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelf 760236371UD-iP-2U-288F-LC-DM24-ULL-LS-SD UD iPatch enabled 2U 288F-LC distribution MPO24 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM4, sliding shelf760236370UD-iP-2U-288F-LC-DM24-ULL-WB-SDUD iPatch enabled 2U 288F-LC distribution MPO24 ULL module, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband, sliding shelfSYSTIMAX iPatch enabled UD panels8 SYSTIMAX ®HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guideMATERIAL ID PRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760236109DM08-24LC-WB-ULL G2 ULL MPO-8 distribution module, 24LC to 3x8f MPOs unpinned, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband internal shutter760236108DM08-24LC-LS-ULL G2 ULL MPO-8 distribution module, 24LC to 3x8f MPOs unpinned, LazrSPEED OM4 internal shutter760236111DM12-24LC-WB-ULL G2 ULL MPO-12 distribution module, 24LC to 2x12f MPOs unpinned, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband internal shutter760236110DM12-24LC-LS-ULL G2 ULL MPO-12 distribution module, 24LC to 2x12f MPOs unpinned, LazrSPEED OM4 internal shutter760236113DM24-24LC-WB-ULL G2 ULL MPO-24 distribution module, 24LC to 1x24f MPO unpinned, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband internal shutter760236112DM24-24LC-LS-ULL G2 ULL MPO-24 distribution module, 24LC to 1x24f MPO unpinned, LazrSPEED OM4 internal shutter760238082DM08-24LC-SM-ULL G2 ULL MPO-8 distribution module, 24LC to 3x8f MPOs unpinned, TeraSPEED SM internal shutter760238083DM12-24LC-SM-ULLG2 ULL MPO-12 distribution module, 24LC to 2x12f MPOs unpinned, TeraSPEED SM internal shutterG2 ULL internal shuttered modulesG2 ULL MPO-8 distribution module, 24LC to 3x8f MPOs unpinned, LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband dust caps iPatch readySYSTIMAX ® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide 9MATERIAL ID PRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760216754360DPis-24LC-LS 360 LazrSPEED OM4 distribution panel, 24 LC, internal shutter, aqua760236041360DPis-24LC-WB 360 LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband distribution panel, 24 LC, internal shutter, lime green 760216762360DPis-24LC-SMSYSTIMAX 360 Distribution Panel 12 LC TeraSPEED BlueSYSTIMAX 360 internal shuttered adapter panelsMATERIAL ID PRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760107490 360DP-2MPO 360 2-MPO adapter panel 760107508 360DP-4MPO 360 4-MPO adapter panel 760107516 360DP-6MPO 360 6-MPO adapter panel 760107524360DP-8MPO360 8-MPO adapter panelSYSTIMAX 360 MPO distribution panelsNote: Internal shutters are not compatible with iPatch. For iPatch compatible modules, see below.MATERIAL ID PRODUCT CODEDESCRIPTION760115907360DP-24LC-LS 360 LazrSPEED OM4 distribution panel, 24 LC, iPatch ready, external shutter, aqua 760236042 360DP-24LC-WB 360 LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband distribution panel, 24 LC, iPatch ready, external shutter, lime green760216762360DPis-24LC-SMSYSTIMAX 360 Distribution Panel 12 LC TeraSPEED BlueSYSTIMAX 360 iPatch ready adapter panelsMATERIAL ID PRODUCT CODE DESCRIPTION760237217CM12-2x3-LS-ULL G2 ULL 2x3 LazrSPEED OM4 Conversion Module, (2) MPO-12 unpinned ports rear, (3) MPO-8 pinned front760237220CM12-4x6-LS-ULL G2 ULL 4x6 LazrSPEED OM4 Conversion Module, (4) MPO-12 unpinned ports rear, (6) MPO-8 pinned front760237218CM12-2x3-WB-ULL G2 ULL 2x3 LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband Conversion Module, (2) MPO-12 unpinned ports rear, (3) MPO-8 pinned front760237221CM12-4x6-WB-ULL G2 ULL 4x6 LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband Conversion Module, (4) MPO-12 unpinned ports rear, (6) MPO-8 pinned front760237216CM12-2X3-SM-ULL G2 ULL 2x3 TeraSPEED SM Conversion Module,(2) MPO-12 unpinned ports rear, (3) MPO-8 pinned front760237219CM12-4X6-SM-ULL G2 ULL 4x6 TeraSPEED SM Conversion Module,(4) MPO-12 unpinned ports rear, (6) MPO-8 pinned front760237222CM24-1x3-LS-ULL G2 ULL 1x3 LazrSPEED OM4 Conversion Module, (1) MPO-24 unpinned ports rear, (3) MPO-8 pinned front760237224CM24-2x6-LS-ULL G2 ULL 2x6 LazrSPEED OM4 Conversion Module, (2) MPO-24 unpinned ports rear, (6) MPO-8 pinned front760237223CM24-1x3-WB-ULL G2 ULL 1x3 LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband Conversion Module, (1) MPO-24 unpinned ports rear, (3) MPO-8 pinned front760237225CM24-2x6-WB-ULL G2 ULL 4x6 LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband Conversion Module, (2) MPO-24 unpinned ports rear, (6) MPO-8 pinned frontG2 ULL conversion modules·G2 ULL CM modules have unpinned rear MPO adapters for to accept ULL MPO24 or MPO12 preterminated trunk assemblies and pinned front MPO adapters to accept ULL MPO8 patch cords·New latch assist provides easier module removal for faster moves, adds and changes (MAC’s)·Utilizing Method B Enhanced polarity maintenance, the ULL modules guarantee that all transmit and receive paths are correctly routed in parallel applications10 SYSTIMAX® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guideSYSTIMAX ® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide11·8-, 12- and 24-fiber MPO connector-based modules available in LazrSPEED 550 OM4 and LazrSPEED OM5 Wideband multimode fiber solutions·8- and 12-fiber MPO connector-based modules available in TeraSPEED singlemode fiber solutions ·Factory-terminated and tested trunk cables provide superior quality and performance for field connections ·Reliable transmit-to-receive connectivity using Method B Enhanced polarity maintenance maximizes administrative convenience ·Simplified reconfiguration for moves, adds and changes (MACs)·Easy upgrade path to parallel transmission and associated applications, and increased value of existing infrastructure ·SYSTIMAX ULL trunks are provisioned with pins to interface with G2 ULL modules (without pins)SYSTIMAX ULL MPO-12 trunk cablesSYSTIMAX ULL MPO-8 trunk cablesSYSTIMAX ULL preterminated trunk cablesSTEP 3: SELECT TRUNKS, ARRAYS, RUGGEDIZED FANOUTS, JUMPERSsinglemode standard is yellowsinglemode standard is yellow12 SYSTIMAX ® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guideSYSTIMAX ULL ruggedized fanout cablesSYSTIMAX ULL MPO-24 trunk cablesstandard is lime green·No female to female configurations·Male to female will be configured as trunk extensionsSYSTIMAX ® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide 13·Duplex zipcord construction provides better mechanical performance with less risk of damage from crimping ·Rugged 1.6 mm cordage for durable and easily handled connections ·Outer jacket colored for easy identificationSYSTIMAX ULL fiber-optic LC patch cordsSYSTIMAX ULL fiber-optic MPO-8 patch cordssinglemode standard is yellowSYSTIMAX ULL fiber-optic MPO-12 patch cordsSYSTIMAX ULL fiber-optic MPO-24 patch cords14 SYSTIMAX ® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide·TeraSPEED singlemode 8- and 12-fiber or multimode 8- 12- and 24-fiber MPO connectors ensure fast and simple connections ·All 8-fiber MPO arrays have QSFP wiring·Available in LazrSPEED 550 OM4 and LazrSPEED 550 OM5 Wideband multimode and TeraSPEED singlemode fibers·Factory-terminated and tested trunk cables provide superior quality and performance for field connections·MPO-LC array fanouts are constructed with 1.6-millimeter reinforced zipcord furcation tubing for outstanding durability and dependability·Array fanouts are available with multiple breakout lengths to simplify installationSYSTIMAX ULL LC array cordsavailable please contact CommScope*2P , 2X and 2C only available for multimode fiberSYSTIMAX ULL MPO array cords·8-, 12- and 24-fiber MPO connector-based modular design enables simple connections ·Array cords are constructed with LazrSPEED 550 OM4 and OM5 Wideband and TeraSPEEDsinglemode fibers ·Factory-terminated and tested for instant field connections giving guaranteed quality and performance ·MPO-MPO arrays are constructed with 3.0 mm PmP array cords·Arrays are available with multiple breakout lengths; minimum overall assembly length may vary based on breakout length selected (please see configuration table for specifics)*For use when there is more than one MPOconnector on one or both ends (ie: 1x2, 1x3, 2x3)PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONSHDHD sliding fiber panel dimensions1U = 1.75 in H x 19 in W x 16.3 in D (44mm x 483mm x 414.5mm)2U = 3.50 in H x 19 in W x 16.3 in D (89mm x 483mm x 414.5mm)4U = 7.00 in H x 19 in W x 16.3 in D (178mm x 483mm x 414.5mm)Panel depth (behind mounting angles) 16.3 in (414.5mm)Panel projection (in front of mounting angles) 5.2 in (132mm)Tray travel = 5.00 in (127mm)HD sliding fiber panel weight (installation weight)1U = 12.4 lbs (5.62 kg)2U = 17.0 lbs (7.71 kg)4U = 24.8 lbs (11.25 kg)HD fixed fiber panel dimensions1U = 1.75 in H x 19 in W x 17.9 in D (44mm x 483mm x 455mm)2U = 3.50 in H x 19 in W x 18.2 in D (89mm x 483mm x 462mm)4U = 7.00 in H x 19 in W x 18.2 in D (178mm x 483mm x 462mm)HD fixed fiber panel weight (installation weight)1U = 9.0 lbs (4.08 kg)2U = 11.6 lbs (5.26 kg)4U = 16.0 lbs (7.26 kg)HD capacity1U = 4 G2 ULL DM modules, DM data modules or 360DP distribution panels 2U = 8 G2 ULL DM modules, DM data modules or 360DP distribution panels 4U = 16 G2 ULL DM modules, DM data modules or 360DP distribution panels UDUD sliding fiber panel dimensions2U = 3.50 in H x 19 in W x 16.3 in D (89mm x 483mm x 414.5mm)4U = 7.00 in H x 19 in W x 16.3 in D (178mm x 483mm x 414.5mm)UD sliding fiber panel weight (installation weight)2U = 21.2 lbs (9.62 kg)4U = 35.2 lbs (16.0 kg)UD fixed fiber panel dimensions2U = 3.50 in H x 19 in W x 18.2 in D (89mm x 483mm x 462mm)4U = 7.00 in H x 19 in W x 18.2 in D (178mm x 483mm x 462mm)UD fixed fiber panel weight (installation weight)2U = 11.6 lbs (5.26 kg)4U = 16.0 lbs (7.26 kg)UD capacity2U = 12 G2 ULL DM modules, DM data modules or 360DP distribution panels 4U = 24 G2 ULL DM modules, DM data modules or 360DP distribution panelsCable entryTrunk cable entry in the back; patch cords/fanouts entry in the front Termination types LC, MPOSide cable entries1U = 6 trunk cable entries (3 per side)2U = 12 trunk cable entries (6 per side)4U = 24 trunk cable entries (12 per side)Additional rear cable entries with optional cable extension kit1U = 6 trunk cable rear entries (HD-1U-REAR-EXT)2U = 6 trunk cable rear entries (HD-2U-REAR-EXT-06-KIT)4U = 6 trunk cable rear entries (HD-4U-REAR-EXT-06-KIT)4U = 12 trunk cable rear entries (HD-4U-REAR-EXT-12-KIT)SYSTIMAX® HD and UD ULL fiber panels solution guide 15Visit our website or contact your local CommScope representative for more information.© 2018 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved.Unless otherwise noted, all trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope, Inc. This document is for planning purposes only and is not intended to modify or supplement any specifications or warranties relating to CommScope products or services. CommScope is committed to the highest standards of business integrity and environmental sustainability with a number of CommScope’s facilities across the globe certified in accordance with international standards, including ISO 9001, TL 9000, and ISO 14001. Further information regarding CommScope’s commitment can be found at /About-Us/Corporate-Responsibility-and-Sustainability .BR-111679.4-EN (05/18)CommScope pushes the boundaries of communications technology with game-changing ideas and ground-breaking discoveries that spark profound human achievement. We collaborate with our customers and partners to design, create and build the world’s most advanced networks. 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鄂尔多斯盆地华庆长63油层组流动单元划分研究黄希燕1，张晨2，陈冲31.西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院，西安，7100652.长庆油田第一采气厂，银川，7500063.西部钻探吐哈录井公司，新疆吐鲁番，838202摘要：华庆地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡，三叠系延长组长63是其重要的含油层系和勘探目的层，属于低孔、低渗—特低渗油层组。

为了更高效的勘探和开发，笔者根据流动单元的基本理论和方法，依据8口关键井的岩心分析资料和测井资料，计算和提取了F ZI和R QI，结合孔隙度、渗透率等物性参数将华庆地区长63划分为4类流动单元。

研究表明,Ⅰ类流动单元的储集能力和渗流能力最好，但分布最少，Ⅱ、Ⅲ类流动单元较多，储集能力和渗流能力依次变差，Ⅱ类流动单元可作为下一步挖潜的主要区域，Ⅲ类流动单元可作接替区域。

摘要：华庆地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南部，长8油层组是一套以三角洲前缘相为主的陆源碎屑沉积，组分复杂，发育泥质砂岩和中—细砂岩，形成一套低孔、低渗—特低渗油层组。

本文在沉积岩石学、测井地质学、储层地质学等理论方法指导下，分析研究区地质背景，将长8分为长81、长82两个层，并以长81油层组作为主要研究对象，将其分为811、长812、长813三个小层。

通过对岩心资料、测井资料的分析，运用铸体薄片、电镜分析等测试技术对储层特征进行描述，根据孔隙度、渗透率、含油饱和度等数据，结合动态资料，定量划分储层的非均质性，并在此基础上划分储层的流动单元。

研究表明，研究区的层内非均质性较强，层间非均质性、平面非均质性严重，孔隙差异大，微观非均质性也很强，这主要是沉积和成岩两方面原因造成的。

在此基础上，利用F ZI法，根据取心井的物性数据，确定了该区长81储层流动单元的划分标准，即将长81储层流动单元划分为4类，I类的储集性能最好，Ⅳ类的储集性能最差。

研究区81储层以Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类流动单元为主。

根据流动单元分布，I类流动单元储集性能最好，但在研究区分布范围很小，Ⅱ类流动单元分布范围较大，孔隙度、渗透率高，砂体较厚，是下一步挖潜的重点区域，为下一步开发提供可参考的地质理论依据。

常用钻井液体系翻译1.聚合醇钻井液体系聚乙二醇和聚合醇是聚合醇钻井液体系的主要成分，在水基钻井液体系中有着优秀的润滑和稳定井壁的作用。

聚合醇的浊点是指：产品在浊点以下在水基体系任意互溶，当温度高于浊点时变成水不溶物以小微珠形式从水中析出。

聚合醇是一种非离子表面活性剂，白色类似牛奶的粘稠液体，低温与水互溶，升到一定温度后，一部分以小微珠形式从水中析出，使溶液变得混浊不透明。

浊点现象可逆，小微珠可以堵塞地层孔隙和缝隙，或沉积在井壁泥饼上，稳定井壁，提高钻井液本身和井壁的润滑性能，减轻油气层损害。

Polyglycol and polyalcohol are used as principal ingredients in polyglycol & ployacohol drilling fluid system and as excellent lubricants and borehole stabilizers in other water base drilling fluid systems.Cloud point of a polyacohol refers to the temperature below which the product is in dissolved state in a water base system in any proportion and above which it becomes water insoluble and comes out from the water phase of the fluid as small droplets.Polyalcohol is a kind of nonionic surfactant.It’s a white color viscous liquid similar to the milk.The cloud point phenomenon is reversible.The small droplets can plug fissures and give birth of tough and strengthened mud cake in the purpose of obtaining a stable borehole wall.It can improve the lubricity of the fluid system and the mud cake. Meanwhile the addition of polyalcohol can prevent formation damage.2.甲酸盐钻井液体系甲酸盐钻井液体系是不含膨润土的钻井液，溶解大量的甲酸盐，具有一定的密度，有很强的防止油气层损害的功能，常用做完井液。

超弹性薄膜与可压缩基底双层结构表面失稳分析黄春阳;唐山;彭向和【摘要】When a bilayer structure consisting of a thin stiff film and a thick compliant substrate subjected to compressive deformation, its free surface would be wrinkled to minimize the energy of the system, and different wrinkle patterns may appear for different ratios of the modulus of the film to that of the substrate. In this article, we developed a novel approach to suppress the surface instability of such bilayer materials under severe compression by adjusting the Poisson's ratio of the substrates. This approach is also applicable to the bilayer consisting of a soft substrate and a film with elastic modulus similar to that of the substrate. We developedan analytical approach for surface instability of the bilayer based on Neo-Hookean model in the case of small deformation, and obtained the critical strain of the bilayer with a semi-analytical method. Then, we used finite element approach (FEA) to illustrate that the instability of the thin film can be delayed if the substrate has a negative Poisson's ratio. We showed that: (1) when the Poisson's ratio of the substrate is positive and close to 0.5 (nearly incompressible), the surface instability may occur to the bilayer system at a very small compressive strain; (2) if the Poisson's ratio of the substrate is negative and close to ?1, the film can be compressed up to 46% without occurence surface instability. The approach developed and the results obtained in this article imply a great potential of auxetic materials used to enhance the compressibility of thin films, which can provideguidance for the design of laminate ductile electronic devices.%当上层超弹性硬质薄膜和下层可膨胀基底构成的双层结构受压时,薄膜的自由表面可通过形成褶皱降低系统能量.研究表明,上下两层的模量比不同时,上层弹性硬质薄膜将表现出不同的表面失稳模式.本文提出了一种新颖的方法可有效抑制双层软材料的表面失稳,即改变基底材料的泊松比,这种方法同时适用于不具有应变硬化的软材料.首先基于Neo-Hookean模型发展了小变形条件下双层结构表面失稳的理论模型,通过半解析的方法得到了表面失稳的临界应变;然后通过有限元计算与模拟,进一步验证了负泊松比基底可延缓表面失稳.结果表明:(1)当双层结构基底泊松比为正且趋于0.5(不可压缩)时,双层结构在较小的压缩应变下出现表面失稳;(2)当基底的泊松比为负且趋于 ?1时,可被压缩至46%而不出现表面失稳,即可膨胀基底能有效抑制薄膜的表面失稳.本文发展的方法及主要结果可为延展性电子器件的设计提供指导.【期刊名称】《力学学报》【年(卷),期】2017(049)004【总页数】5页(P758-762)【关键词】薄膜-;基底结构;表面失稳;负泊松比;可延展性电子【作者】黄春阳;唐山;彭向和【作者单位】重庆大学航空航天学院,重庆 400017;重庆大学航空航天学院,重庆400017;重庆大学航空航天学院,重庆 400017【正文语种】中文【中图分类】O34Biot的线性扰动分析认为，平面应变条件下，半无限超弹性材料受压时，如果施加压缩应变达到临界值εBiot=0.46，自由表面将丧失稳定性，形成波浪形褶皱[1].然而实验[24]、理论[47]以及计算[8-9]表明当施加压缩应变达到εcrease=0.35时，自由表面将形成折痕.超弹性块体在弯曲载荷下通常也可观察到折痕.折痕不同于褶皱，因为折痕临界应变小于褶皱临界应变εcrease＜εBiot.但是具有硬质薄膜和厚软基底构成的双层结构受到压缩时，则会出现波浪形褶皱以降低系统能量[1011].褶皱是自由表面整体无限小扰动，而折痕则是局部大应变下的自我接触.折痕的接触区域有尖点，不同于褶皱.这些特殊表面形貌可应用到生物仿生[12]、生物淤积[13]、表面粘附[14]和细胞工程[15]等.但是表面失稳[16,17]也会导致材料失效，比如微电子系统[1819]和复合材料的屈曲[2021].因此人们容易联想到的一个的问题是：如何抑制或者推迟表面失稳？为回答上述问题，Cao和Hutchinson[22]通过力学理论和计算研究了超弹性硬质薄膜在超弹性软基底上的双层结构在受压下的失稳[22]，结果表明褶皱出现的临界应变εwrinkle取决于薄膜的杨氏模量Ef与基底的杨氏模量Es之比Ef/Es.例如Ef/Es=20时，εwrinkle=0.07[18]；Ef/Es=2时，εwrinkle=0.30，临界应变小于εcrease和εBiot[22].Feng和Tian[23]，Wang和Zhao[24]详细分析了受压薄膜--基底双层结构的表面失稳.考虑了薄膜与基底的杨氏模量，界面的粘结强度、薄膜厚度和基底的预拉伸等因素对表面失稳的影响.Jin和Suo[25]最近的研究表明：材料硬化可抑制表面折痕出现.随压缩应变增大，平直表面会失稳形成折痕.随着压缩应变增大和材料应变硬化，折痕将随之消失.这种抑制表面折痕的方法很大程度上依赖材料的本构行为，不具有普遍性.本文提出了一种新颖的方法抑制双层软材料表面失稳，可适用于不具有应变硬化的软材料.理论分析表明，当基底为负泊松比材料时，表面失稳临界应变可被推迟到εBiot.为验证理论分析的结果，建立了有限元模型，研究了受压下薄膜与基体表面失稳的形变过程.有限元分析结果表明，所提出的方法能够抑制或延缓折痕、褶皱、倍褶皱或者折叠等表面失稳模式[2627].当基底材料为正泊松比时，没有同样的效应.因此，负泊松比基底是抑制双层软材料结构表面失稳的重要因素.在研究材料的表面失稳时，先前的理论[1,4,7,10]和计算[89,22,24]通常假设材料为不可压缩的高分子弹性体(泊松比为0.5).但软材料或多或少具有一定的压缩性.可压缩性与温度T及材料的微观结构有关，例如高分子聚合物在温度T高于自身玻璃化温度Tg时，往往不可压缩；但是当T＜Tg时，往往具有可压缩性.Greaves等[28]对此做了详细的综述，分子动力学模拟也证明高分子材料的泊松比与温度有关[29].对于各项同性材料，泊松比ν满足-1＜ν＜0.5.一些研究者通过设计具有凹角或者弧形的网状结构，得到具有负泊松比性质的材料[2832].如图1表示，考虑薄膜--基体双层结构.上层为硬质薄膜，下层为基底.为考虑泊松比效应，采用可压缩Neo-Hookean模型[29,33]，其自由能函数为式中，F为变形梯度，I1是左柯西--格林张量的第一不变量C=FTF.µ和Km分别表示剪切模量和体积模量.以上模型中，泊松比可通过调整剪切模量和体积模量的比值决定.杨氏模量和泊松比与剪切模量和体积模量的关系见文献[34].针对可压缩超弹性体，第一Piola-Kirchho ff(PK-I)应力可由下式得出假设上层薄膜初始厚度为h，下层基底初始厚度为H.可压缩基底可通过微观结构设计得到[32]，比如孔洞.即使存在微观结构，依然假设其为均质超弹性材料，以方便分析.薄膜和基底材料均假设为可压缩的Neo-Hookean材料.一般情况下，考虑无穷厚基底，假设h/H=100.在下面的符号中，下角标“s”和“f”分别表示基底和薄膜.在大变形和平面应变条件下，一种半解析方法可用于研究多层结构的表面失稳问题.它主要包括两个分析步骤：第一步，统一施加沿x1方向的预拉伸λ;第二步，在当前构型下，施加任意波长的扰动.在Lagrangian构型中，增量问题通过下式描述式中Div表示在初始构型下的散度算子.通常在即时构型中构造失稳问题，引入变换[35]平衡方程又可以写为式中div表示即时构型下的散度算子.取以下形式的扰动式中K为波数.假设薄膜与基底不存在界面分离和相对滑移，即在薄膜和基底界面处[36]其中[·]表示跳跃算子，定义为上标“+”和“-”表示薄膜与基体界面的上方和下方.在平面应变条件下，连续性条件可表示为表面失稳问题的边界条件为：上表面下表面求解平衡方程可得由待定未知系数表示的v1和v2的解.按照图1中讨论的双层结构，连续条件和边界条件共有8个方程和8个待定未知系数.存在非平凡解的条件为8个方程的系数矩阵行列式等于零.由此可得表面失稳的临界应变.在小变形条件下，可得下式表示的表面失稳的临界应变[37]其中,A0为上层薄膜褶皱的振幅，n为褶皱的数量，H为基底厚度.本文考虑了两种不同的薄膜和基底模量比：Ef/Es=1和Ef/Es=20.假设上层薄膜不可压，即νf=0.5，基底泊松比νs在-1到0.5之间变化.图2显示了预测的临界失稳应变和基底泊松比的关系.其中定义临界应变εcrit=1-λcrit，结果与Biot[1]，Cao和Hutchnison[22]的结果一致.从图2中可见，当Ef/Es=1，对于不同的νs，褶皱出现的临界应变均为0.46，与Biot基于均匀不可压超弹性材料预测结果相同[1].当Ef/Es=20时，褶皱出现的临界应变随基底泊松比νs减小而单调增加.当基底泊松比为正时，泊松比对于褶皱出现的影响可忽略；当基底的泊松比从0到-1变化时，褶皱出现临界应变剧烈增加(从0.08增加到0.46).当νs接近于-1时，临界应变趋近εBiot=0.46.尽管只展示了Ef/Es=1和Ef/Es=20两种情形，但详尽的计算表明，使用其他模量比的结果也与此规律相符.综上所述，受压情况下，基底为负泊松比材料可有效抑制和推迟表面失稳发生，临界应变的上限εBiot=0.46.本节将应用有限元模型进一步验证负泊松比基底可延缓表面失稳的结论.本文所有有限元计算均采用商用软件ABAQUS完成[33].基于之前的工作建立有限元模型[29,38]，与Cao和Hutchinson[22]的工作类似.有限元模型采用CPE4H单元，单元总数为20000.分析主要分两步完成：(1)线性扰动分析；(2)后屈曲分析.第一步采用线性扰动分析，得出基础失稳模态；第二步引入微小缺陷(约为0.05h)乘以基础失稳模态，对初始有限元网格进行扰动，进行后屈曲分析.采用与前节的理论分析相同的边界条件，其他参数Ef/Es=20，νf=0.5.图3显示了不同压缩应变下双层结构表面形貌.首先讨论基底泊松比νs=0.4的结果.周期褶皱出现临界应变为εcrit=0.085，如图3(a)所示，与理论分析相一致.表面正弦褶皱的幅值逐步增大.当压缩应变接近0.18时，出现二次分岔.随着压缩应变进一步增加到0.24，倍褶皱会出现.与Cao和Hutchinson所观察到的现象相符.若基底的泊松比νs=-0.9，在压缩应变为0.28时，薄膜表面并没有产生褶皱或者折痕，如图3(b)所示.当压缩应变到0.37时，表面出现很小幅值的褶皱.压缩应变0.37已经大于均匀材料中出现折痕的临界应变值εcrease=0.35[4,7].随着压缩应变增加到0.40，表面折痕会在薄膜表面形成，但其深度很小，很难用肉眼观察到.对比图2所示的理论分析结果，可见有限元模拟结果与理论分析结果几乎一致.目前，高分子聚合物基底被广泛用于提高金属和半导体薄膜的延展性[3943].比如铜薄膜可在Kapton基底上达到超过50%的应变[39]；银薄膜可延展至46%的应变[40].这些研究可帮助设计可延展性电子产品[42].本文提出了一种新的方法在压缩条件下抑制或者推迟双层基底与薄膜的表面失稳.负泊松比基底与超弹性薄膜构成的双层结构，上层薄膜可压缩至46%而未出现表面失稳.考虑到压缩和拉伸同等重要性，该方法为延展性电子产品设计提供了一种新思路.【相关文献】1 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CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS 2018年第37卷第9期·3534·化 工 进展超高分子量聚丙烯的制备王帆1，刘小燕2，赵文康3，朱博超2，张平生2（1兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070；2中国石油天然气股份有限公司兰州化工研究中心，甘肃 兰州 730060；3兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院，甘肃 兰州730050）摘要：超高分子量聚丙烯（UHMWPP ）是一种黏均分子量百万以上，具有超高的强度、超高的耐磨性、较强的抗氧化能力的热塑性工程塑料，可用于制备高强度、高模量、耐腐蚀、抗冲击、耐应力开裂的聚丙烯产品。

本工作的目的在于制备出分子量超过200万的聚丙烯，将其用作3D 打印材料来解决由于分子链较长引起高熔体黏度和低流动性而导致加工难成型问题。

本工作基于传统的Ziegler-Natta 催化剂，对主催化剂进行金属离子和有机物的负载，通过控制丙烯的链转移来控制聚丙烯的分子量，并且在聚合反应过程中不加入氢气（带有活性氢的物质），以防止其成为聚合反应的终止剂。

研究了聚合反应温度、聚合反应时间、助催化剂和外给电子体对聚丙烯分子量的影响。

采用黏度法、升温淋洗分级法等表征了制备的聚丙烯分子量。

通过聚合工艺优化，在聚合反应温度70℃、聚合反应时间60min 、助催化剂三异丁基铝、外给电子体P Donor 下，最终制备出了黏均分子量超过204万的超高分子量聚丙烯。

关键词：超高分子量聚丙烯；Ziegler-Natta 催化剂；助催化剂；外给电子体；升温淋洗分级 中图分类号：TQ325.1+4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000–6613（2018）09–3534–06 DOI ：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613. 2017-2040Preparation of ultra-high molecular weight polyproleneWANG Fan 1, LIU Xiaoyan 2, ZHAO Wenkang 3, ZHU Bochao 2, ZHANG Pingsheng 2(1Institute of Chemical and Biological Engineering ，Lanzhou Jiaotong University ，Lanzhou 730070，Gansu ，China ；2Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center ，PetroChina ，Lanzhou 730060，Gansu ，China ；3School of Material Science andEngineering ，Lanzhou University of Technology ，Lanzhou 730050，Gansu ，China)Abstract ：Ultra-high molecular weight polypropylene (UHWMPP) is a kind of thermoplastic engineering plastics which has viscosity-averaged molecular weight of more than 1 million, along with incredible strength, high wear resistance, strong antioxidant abilities, and thus it can be used to prepare the polypropylene products with high strength and modulus, as well as high resistance to corrosion , impact and stress crack. The main purpose of the study is to produce the polypropylene with molecular weight over 2 million, which can be used as a 3D printing material to avoid the problems of high melt viscosity and low fluidity caused by long molecular chain. Based on the traditional Ziegler-Natta catalyst, the main catalyst was loaded with metal ions and organics. The molecular weight of the polypropylene was controlled by controlling the chain transfer of propylene and hydrogen (active hydrogen-containing substance) was not added during the polymerization to prevent the termination of the reaction. The effects of the polymerization action temperature, polymerization action time, promoters and external electron donors on the molecular weight of polypropylene were investigated. 。

SPE 154890低渗透油藏非达西流动数值模拟Jianchun Xu,SPE, Ruizhong Jiang,SPE, Lisha Xie, Ruiheng Wang, Lijun Shan, 中国石油大学（华东）, Linkai Li,威德福（中国）能源服务有限公司摘要随着全世界油田的进一步开发，越来越多的低渗透油藏投入生产。

然而，流体在低渗透孔隙介质中的流动不再遵循达西流动规律，相代替的是一种低速非达西渗流。

大部分商业数值模拟软件在进行低渗透油藏开发模拟时会带来不准确性。

所以针对非达西流动的数值模拟软件已经开发出来。

在本文中，非达西流动数学公式已经给出。

接着，在实际油田和实验室测试数据的基础上，一个理想化的五点法井网公式被建立出来。

在相同油藏条件下，进行了非达西模拟，达西模拟和拟线性模拟。

最后，得出了达西流动条件下的压力梯度分布，累计产油量和剩余油分布的模拟结果，以及拟线性流动和非达西流动的模拟结果。

调查研究显示了大部分低渗透油藏区块的流动满足非达西软件表明合理的曲线段；与达西流动结果相比较，当考虑非达西流动时，累计产油量减少，拟线性流动时最少，所以达西流动模型夸大了油藏的渗流能力，而拟线性流动模型夸大了油藏的渗流阻力；剩余油饱和度的分析表明，真对非达西流动模型模拟和拟线性流动模型模拟，不同的流动区域存在着包括使得在低渗透油藏流动模型更加复杂的死油区和流动区。

引言许多年内，达西规律已经被认为是一个运用于流体在孔隙介质中流动的基础公式，尤其是在石油工业。

然而经验结果显示，在低渗透油藏的流动已经不再遵循达西规律（Prada and Civan1999; Zeng et al., 2011）。

对于低渗透油藏，流动曲线是一条直线和一条曲线结合出来的。

存在拟启动压力梯度（拟TPG）和最小启动压力梯度（最小TPG）(Zeng et al., 2011)。

图例1用三种流动模型来描述流动特性。

达西流动模型忽略了凹曲线段，渗流曲线只是一条通过原点的直线；拟线性模型同样也一条经过X轴上拟压力梯度点的直线。