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一、汉译英部分1.道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。
•Tao Te Ching - The Way of Life - The Wisdom of Ancient China•The tao that can be described is not the eternal Tao.•The name that can be spoken is not the eternal Name.The Way that can be told of is not an Unvarying Way; The names that can be named are not unvarying names.2.子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？”•The Master "Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application?•"Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters?•"Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?"•The Master said, "Fine words and an insinuating appearance are seldom associated with true virtue."曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”The philosopher Tsang said, "I daily examine myself on three points:-whether,in transacting business for others, I may have been not faithful;-whether, in intercourse with friends, I may have been not sincere;-whether I may have not mastered and practiced the instructions of my teacher."3. 子曰：“不患人之不己知，患不知人也。
Unit 2England before the industrial Revolution工业革命前的英国状况The country was a place（乡村）where men worked f rom dawn to dark, and the labourer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness.在乡村，人们从早到晚都在不停的干活，这些在田野间劳作的人们，并非沐浴在阳光之下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。
The country a place : 是表语，表达主语的性质，功能，特点Work : avoid ambiguity from dawn to dark :aliiteration 从早到晚the labourer : 在田间劳作的人们lived in the sun : 沐浴在阳光下but in poverty and darkness. 穷困潦倒，暗无天日What aids there were to lighten labour were immemorial, like the mill, whichThere were what aids to lighten labour 整个句子主语（系表结构）was already ancient in Chaucer’s time.能够减轻人体力劳动力的机器早就有了。
例如：磨坊，早在乔叟的年代就不是什么新鲜的事了(乔叟13世纪中后期)。
Definition 下定义法What aids: n. 什么帮助lighten labour ---lessen 减轻劳动immemorial ：不知道从哪个年代都有了The mill：磨坊was already ancient in + 时间time ：在某个时代早就不是什么新鲜事了The industrial revolution began with such machines; the millrights were the engineers of t he coming age.这些机器都标志着工业革命的开始；这些最早搭建磨坊的工匠们，就成为工业革命时代的缔造者。
第二部分练习参考译文Chapter 1 General PrinciplesDrills 1.3.1(1) 1. 这对克服困难很有帮助。
（go a long way towards something/doing something = helpgreatly in [achieving] something, OALD 2002: 525;《新英汉词典》2000: 1577）2. 趁你还年轻的时候，加油吧！/青春不再，趁早努力。
（go it = act in a manner that is quicker,more lively, impatient, etc., than is usual. Longman Dictionary of English Idioms1979: 130;《英汉大词典》1993: 740）3. 我需要更多空闲的时间。
（could do with something = need or want something, LDCE1998: 435）4. 这次失败促使他成功。
（[the making of] = a means of gaining great improvement orsuccess, LDCE 1998: 918）5. 我盼望在最后一刻可以挽救和平。
（the eleventh hour = the very last moment, LDCE 1998:478）6.她对此事很了解。
（know a thing or two [about somebody/something] = know a lot [aboutsomebody/something], OALD 2002: 825）7. 她真是爱说话。
/她太喜欢说话了。
（ready = willing to do, LDCE 1998: 1249, 参见“学生用书”243页）8.无线电传来了该地区发现大油田的消息。
Chapter2白菜Chinese cabbage 绿豆mung beans密码password 卧室bedroom手机mobile phone 试穿to try sth. on救火to fight a fire 食言break a promise早恋puppy love 番茄酱ketchup买一赠一Buy one,get one free 酸奶yoghurt青春痘acne 戴绿帽子to cuckold sb.长镜头zoom lens 黄色书籍pornography book方便面instant noodles 高等徐晓higher school隐形眼镜contact lens农民farmer 宣传popularize物美价廉economical and good你红光满面Y ou look healthy and energetic.他是个气管炎。
He is a hen-pecked man.假花artificial flower 假唱lip-synch假钞counterfeit money 假酒adulterated wine假新闻pseudo-news 恶性循环vicious circle恶性肿瘤malignant tumor 恶性通货膨胀inflationary spiral你们看见一颗花生瑟缩的长在地上，不能立刻辨出他有没有果实，非得等到你接触它才能知道。
When you come upon a peanut plant lying curled up on the ground, you can never immediately tell whether or not it bears any nuts until you touch them. When you come upon a peanut plant lying curled up on the ground, you can never tell whether or not it bears any nuts until you dig it up.博而不精extensive in knowledge but not expert in any particular field.捕风捉影to clutch at shadows看风使舵to watch how the wind blows and steer the rudder accordingly脚踏实地with one's foot on the ground狡兔三窟 a cunning hare has three warrens既往不咎let bygones be bygones寄人篱下to live under somebody's roof灰心丧气to lose heart沧海一粟 a drop in the ocean冷眼旁观to watch on the side-line with a cold stare趁热打铁strike while the iron is hot滴水穿石constant dropping wears the stone留得青山在，不怕没柴烧as long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood.路遥知马力，日久见人心as distance tests a horse's strength, so time reveals a person's heart.他是不到黄河不死心he would not stop until he reached the Y ellow River --to give up until all his hope was gone.世上无难事，只怕有心人where there is a will, there is a way.1，好教徒 a faithful Christian2，好父母 a loving parent3，好儿女an obedient child4，好妻子 a virtuous wife5，好丈夫 a dutiful husband6，好学生 a hardworking student7，大风strong wind8，大雾thick fog9，大雨heavy rain二，翻译1，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。
第二章汉英翻译基础知识1.探春笑道：“只恐又是你的杜撰。
”宝玉笑道：“除《四书》外，杜撰的太多，偏只我是杜撰不成?”“You're making that up, I'm afraid,”teased Tan Chun. “Most works, apart from the FOUR BOOKS, are made up; am I the only one who made things up?” he retorted with a grin.2.贾母笑道：“你不认得他，他是我们这里有名的一个泼皮破落户儿，南省俗谓作‘辣子’，你只叫他‘凤辣子’就是了。
”“You don't know her, ”said Grandmother Jia merrily. “She's a holy terror this one. What we used to call in Nanking a ‘peppercorn’. You just call her ‘Peppercorn Feng’. She'll know who you mean!” (David Hawkes 译)3.贾母笑道：“外客未见，就脱了衣裳，还不去见你妹妹!”With a smile at Pao-yu, the Lady Dowager scolded, “Fancy changing your clothes before greeting our visitor. Hurry up now and pay your respects to your cousin.”4.贾母笑道：“可又是胡说，你又何曾见过他?”“You're talking nonsense again,”said his grandmother, laughing. “How could you possibly have met her?”5.他是只狡猾的老狐狸。
