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专题07非谓语动词（原卷版）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）When________ what they needed most, the kids said they wanted to be felt important and loved.A．asking B．to be asked C．asked D．to ask 2．（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）________Chinese culture with overseas cultures is a challenging job, but you will learn a lot from it.A．Comparing B．Compared C．Having compared D．Compare 3．（2021·天津高三一模）________ ecosystems, we must take urgent measures to protect the diversity of species.A．Rescuing B．To rescue C．Rescued D．Having rescued 4．（2021·天津高三三模）________ by the beauty of the piano music, the audience almost forgot to applaud when the pianist finally finished it.A．Attract B．To attract C．Attracting D．Attracted 5．（2021·山东高考真题）I will go to the hospital to have my eyes ________tomorrow. A．check B．to check C．checked D．checking 6．（2021·天津高三一模）When ________, the two methods can help us save much time and money.A．being combined B．combined C．to be combined D．combining 7．（2021·天津河东区·）The Chinese tech giant has launched its new operating system,______an alternative app ecosystem to Google’s Android.A．creating B．to create C．having created D．creates 8．（2021·天津河东区·）—Can you recognize Tom?—________him before, I do not know what he looked like.A．Not having seen B．Having not seenC．Not to have seen D．To have not seen9．（2021·天津高三二模）---I heard Mr. Smith is the newly elected president of your university.---Yes. But with a lot of difficult problems ________, he is having a hard time.A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．being settled10．（2021·天津高三二模）With her attention ________ on the book, the girl sat there quietly. A．to be fixed B．fix C．fixed D．fixing 11．（2021·天津高三二模）Lily spoke very carefully and slowly, ________the benefits of the plan against the risks involved.A．being weighed B．to weigh C．weighing D．weighed 12．（2021·天津高三二模）The park is always full of people, ______ themselves in the sunshine.A．having enjoyed B．enjoyed C．enjoying D．to enjoy 13．（2021·天津高三三模）Some elderly people find it hard________ the things that happened while they were children.A．remember B．to remember C．remembering D．remembered 14．（2021·天津和平区·高三三模）—Have you checked all the relief________ to the people in the disaster area?—Yes, several times. But I'll check it once more.A．sent B．sending C．to send D．to be sent 15．（2021·天津河西区·高三三模）In the Chinese market, many foreign brands, ________ their reputations over decades, are facing new challenges due to COVID-19.A．being developed B．developingC．having developed D．developed16．（2021·银川市第六中学高三三模）Isn’t it time you got down to ________ the papers? A．mark B．be marked C．being marked D．marking 17．（2021·银川市第六中学高三三模）He is a student at Oxford University________ for a degree in computer science.A．studied B．studying C．to study D．to be studying 18．（2021·天津高三二模）________ only 96 grams, the great all-round electronic dictionary is portable and easy to use.A．Weighing B．Weighed C．Being weighed D．Having weighed 19．（2021·天津河东区·高三二模）Lots of empty bottles were found under the poor old man's bed. He must have done nothing but________.A．drink B．to drink C．drinking D．drunk 20．（2021·天津高三二模）When everyone came into the house, he was found ________ on the floor.A．lain B．lying C．being lain D．lie 21．（2021·天津耀华滨海学校高三三模）Many children of Chinese immigrants in Canada study English at school and speak Chinese at home, ________to fluency in both languages. A．led B．to lead C．leading D．having led. 22．（2021·黑龙江佳木斯市·佳木斯一中高二月考）Taking years________, theQinghai-Tibet Railway is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering challenges.A．completing B．having been completed C．to completeD．completed23．（2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模）All I can do is________ a tricycle and make money for the students.A．ride. B．to ride C．riding D．rode 24．（2021·山东高考真题）________the Great Wall is Mr. Smith's dream of this year. A．To visit B．Visit C．Visited D．Visits 25．（2021·天津高三二模）The conference ________ to discuss how to bring infections down to zero next week is of great significance.A．to hold B．having been held C．to be held D．being held二、汉译英（整句）26．（2021·上海浦东新区·高三二模）新颁布的这项政策旨在抑制一路攀升的房价，实现教育公平。
高考英语语法专题训练及详解（七）（真题）（非谓语动词）考点一非谓语动词作状语1. (2014·天津，5) Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ________ it didn't fit.A．to find B．foundC．finding D．having found解析：选A考查非谓语动词。
从本句中的took the dress out of和tried it on可知，她急于试这件衣服，句中的it didn't fit表明这件衣服不合适，因此这里用不定式表示“出乎意料的结果”。
2.(2014·天津，7) Clearly and thoughtfully ________，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.A．writing B．to writeC．written D．being written解析：选C考查非谓语动词。
本句中的主语the book与动词write之间是动宾关系，即“书是被写的”，由句意可知，这本书已经出版，因此用过去分词，表示被动。
3.(2014·重庆，11) Group activities will be organized after class ________ children develop team spirit.A．helping B．having helpedC．helped D．to help解析：选D考查动词不定式作目的状语。
句意：课后组织小组活动是为了培养孩子们的团队精神。
空后面是前面动作的目的，所以应该选择D项，用不定式作目的状语。
4. (2014·四川，7) —I hope to take the computer course.—Good idea. ________ more about it, visit this website.A．To find out B．Finding outC．To be finding out D．Having found out解析：选A考查非谓语动词。
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，63)They are required________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.答案：to processrequire sb./sth. to do sth. “需要某人/某物做某事”。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，68)Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by ________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.答案：eating介词by后需用名词或动名词作宾语。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ，65)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.答案：to provewant to do sth.“想要做某事”，动词want后常用不定式作宾语。
4. (2017·天津高考，14，改编)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated.答案：allowing医院新购医疗设备与更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是因果关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。
5．(2017·北京高考，32，改编)Jim has retired, but he stillremembers the happy time ________ (spend) with his students.答案：spentspend和time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
高考英语一轮复习精品语法学案专题7 非谓语动词从近几年的高考试题来看，非谓语动词考查特征呈现情景和设问角度的多样化趋势。
具体考点如下：现在分词与过去分词的区别；done, being done, to be done的区别；不定式与分词作状语的区别；不定式的时态及疑问词＋不定式形式；谓语动词与非谓语动词的区分；非谓语动词的时态、语态、复合结构以及独立结构的使用。
大家在判断使用何种非谓语动词形式时，可遵循以下规律：对比时间：对照谓语动词的时间，确定非谓语动词的时态形式；辨明逻辑：从非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系判断非谓语动词的语态。
一、动词不定式1．动词不定式的各种形式及其表达的时态和语态意义如：He seems to know this.It is important to read English every day.The bridge to be built next year is very long.I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.His new novel is said to have been published.She happened to be writing a letter when I passed by.了解不定式各种形式的时态和语态意义对正确理解和使用不定式起着很重要的作用。
要结合不定式的句法功能一起掌握，灵活运用。
2．不定式的句法功能除了谓语外，不定式可以担当句子的任何成分。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
(作主语和表语)You should continue to learn as long as you live.要活到老学到老。
(作宾语)She usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evenings. 她晚上经常有很多会要开。
专题07 非谓语动词2018年高考题1.【2018·北京】3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。
句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。
“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。
在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
2.【2018·北京】6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared【答案】B点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。
动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。
3.【2018·北京】10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。
Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
专题07 非谓语动词2019年高考题1.【2019·北京】3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。
句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。
“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。
在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
2.【2019·北京】6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared【答案】B点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。
动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。
3.【2019·北京】10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。
Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
2019高考全国英语试题语法分类汇编之非谓语动词（精校附解析）〔精校附解析〕【2018江西卷】33、Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschooltothenewstudents.A、speakingB、havingspokenC、tospeakD、tohavespoken 33答案：C考点：非谓语动词。
解析：不定式表目的，又因D选项时态错误，应选C。
【2018江西卷】35、Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletterhimit.A、offeredB、offeringC、toofferD、tobeoffered 35答案：B考点：非谓语动词解析：offer的逻辑主语为空格前名词letter，根据句意，两者语态为主动关系，且表伴随，应选B。
[2018湖南高考真题23]||B||因为本句已有谓语动词is，且没有连词或引导词，故排除谓语形式D；而time与use为被动关系，所以选B。
谓语与非谓语动词过去分词作条件状语或时间状语表被动[2018湖南高考真题]21.We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds____toachievethefinalsuccess.A.beingdoneB.doC.tobedoneD.todo[2018湖南高考真题]21]||C||因为work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用-ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，应选C。
谓语与非谓语动词不定式的被动语态作宾语短语needtobedone。
【2018重庆卷】31.Beforeyouquityourjob,______howyourfamilywouldfeelaboutyourdecision.A.considerB.consideringC.toconsiderD.considered31.【考点】祈使句用法【答案】A【解析】结合选项来分析句子结构，逗号前为时间状语从句，后面实际上是一个祈使句。
高三一轮复习非谓语动词（教师版）真题速递1.（2019全国I卷）Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area.2. （2019全国II卷）When we got a call saying (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke.3. （2019全国III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there.4. （2019全国III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，listening(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.5. (2019·北京卷)Nervously facing(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.【复习建议】1. 掌握非谓语动词的基本用法和含义；2. 掌握非谓语动词的时态和语态；3. 掌握非谓语动词的句法功能；4. 掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语意下的运用。
一、谓语动词与非谓语动词在解非谓语习题时同学们遇到最大的困难之一是如何判别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。
非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。
汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。
如：他明天来拜访你。
翻译成英语不是He will come visit you，而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了动词不定式to visit。
因此同学们要特别注意分析句子的结构。
二、非谓语动词的语法功能三、非谓语动词的变化形式（一）非谓语动词做主语、宾语时的比较用不定式还是用动名词作宾语有特殊规定举例①I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A. to soundB. to be soundedC. soundingD. to have sounded【解析】want后要跟动词不定式作宾语，sound是连系动词不用被动式，与谓语动词没有时间的先后，故不可用它的完成式。
答案A。
②It is difficult to imagine his _______the decision without any consideration.A. acceptB. acceptingC. to acceptD. accepted【解析】imagine要求用动名词作宾语。
答案B。
重只接不定式hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask,点做宾语的谓语动词或短语decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen，refuse, claim, would love等等只接动名词做宾语的谓语动词或短语suggest, risk, devote oneself to（建议冒险去献身）finish, imagine, bear/stand, look forward to（完成想象忍盼望）give up, delay/put off, regret, miss（放弃延期悔失去）insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice（坚持欣赏要实践）pay attention to, excuse, escape/avoid, object to（注意原谅逃/避反对）keep, be/get used to/be accustomed to, mind（保持习惯勿介意）be worth, set about/burst out/get down to, be busy （值得开始将忙乎）用不定式还是用动名词作宾语都可以，但有区别举In some parts of London, missing a bus means __________for例another hour.A. waitingB. to waitC. waitD. to be waiting【解析】此题意为“在英国的一些地方，如果错过了公交车就意味着再等一个小时。
专题七非谓语动词1.【2015·湖南】30.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave.A. wonderingB. wonderC．to wonder D．wondered【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.ing形式作伴随状语，故选A。
句意：当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时，她像生了根一样站在那儿，不知道是走还是留。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词【名师点睛】非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done;不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了;2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.从本题来看主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.ing形式作伴随状语。
2.【2015·北京】21._____the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A.Catching.B.Caught.C.To catch.D.Catch【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。
超实用高考英语专题复习：专题07 非谓语动词专题距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
这一章我们讲解英文中很重要的动词变化形式--三种非谓语动词形式，即动词不定式(to do),动名词(doing)和两种分词(现在分词doing和过去分词done)。
他们的作用和特点简介如下:不定式，即“不一定是什么词性的成分”，可当作名词，形容词，和副词来使用.因此，不定式在句中能够充当除了谓语以外的任何其他成分。
动名词，相当于名词。
因此，在句中主要充当:主语、宾语和表语分词，相当于形容词和副词。
因此，在句中主要充当:定语、状语和补足语，非谓语动词作句中成分是他们非动词特征的体现，这是我们的学习的重点非谓语动词作为动词的一种变化形式，仍保留有动词的特征，比如有自己的主语，有时态和语态的变化.因此，掌握非谓语动词的三个重点是:句子成分，时态和语态的变化，逻辑主语【课前检测】1.[2020全国I,66] Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change4_______( find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.2.[2020全国Ⅱ,63]They represent the earth ______(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.3.[2020全国Ⅱ,68]They are easy ________( care) for and make great presents.4.[2020 浙江,60]Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology( change) lives.5.[2020天津,14] The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet_______( clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.6.[2020北京,8]A piece of stone_______(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought.7.[2020浙江1月,60]The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large______( compare) to younger generations , and so, on average, the population becomes older than before.8.[2019全国Ⅲ,70] On the last day of our week-long stay , we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars ,________( listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.9.[2019天津,4]_________( learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.10.[2018 全国I,63]You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of______( die) early by running.11.[2018全国，64] Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice_________( improve)water quality.12.[2020全国【改错]My mom told me how to preparing it.13.[2019全国I改错]All the football players on the playground cheered loudly , say that I had a talent for football.14.[2018 全国【改错]My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.课中讲解一、定义不充当句中谓语的动词叫作非谓语动词。
专题七非谓语动词1.【2015·湖南】30.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether to stay or leave.A. wonderingB. wonderC．to wonder D．wondered【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.ing形式作伴随状语，故选A。
句意：当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时，她像生了根一样站在那儿，不知道是走还是留。
【考点定位】考查非谓语动词【名师点睛】非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done;不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了;2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.从本题来看主句的主语she与动词wonder构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.ing形式作伴随状语。
2.【2015·北京】21._____the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A.Catching.B.Caught.C.To catch.D.Catch【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。
专题07 非谓语动词2019年高考题1.【2019·北京】3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。
句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。
“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。
在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
2.【2019·北京】6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared【答案】B点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。
动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。
3.【2019·北京】10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。
Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。
13.语法填空突破策略(非谓语动词)【题型总览】养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
在语法填空试题中，若句中已有谓语动词, 空处又不在句中作并列谓语时, 所要填的通常是非谓语动词, 此时需进一步确定是非谓语动词的哪种形式。
一般来说, 作主语、宾语、表语、定语通常用动词-ing形式;此外, doing表示主动、正在进行;done表示被动、完成;to do 表示尚未发生的动作。
【突破策略】突破策略1成分分解法：作主语和表语【真题示例】(2021·全国甲卷)It is possible________(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.【解答思路】分析句子结构可知, 句子的主语It是形式主语, 故此处应用to do不定式作真正的主语。
故填to walk。
突破策略2固定搭配法：作宾语【真题示例1】(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years________ (record) everything I discovered.【解答思路】分析句子结构, 发现此处考查“spend time (in) doing sth. ”结构, 意为“花费时间做某事”。
动词-ing形式作介词的宾语, 介词可以省略。
故填recording。
【真题示例2】(2021·全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of________(visit) the place.【解答思路】分析句子结构, 发现提示词作非谓语, 且在介词之后或在只接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)后, 应考虑用动词-ing形式。
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，63)They are required________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.答案：to process require sb./sth. to do sth. “需要某人/某物做某事”。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ，68)Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by ________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.答案：eating介词by后需用名词或动名词作宾语。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ，65)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.答案：to prove want to do sth.“想要做某事”，动词want后常用不定式作宾语。
天津高考，14，改编)The hospital has recently obtained new4. (2017·medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated.答案：allowing医院新购医疗设备与更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是因果关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。
5．(2017·北京高考，32，改编)Jim has retired, but he stillremembers the happy time ________ (spend) with his students.答案：spent spend和time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
6．(2017·北京高考，27，改编)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ________ (save) their valuable time.答案：to save由句意可知需用动词不定式作目的状语。
7．(2017·江苏高考，21，改编)Many Chinese brands, ________ (develop)their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.答案：having developed句子的主语brands与develop之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，再根据时间状语over centuries可知，需用现在分词的完成式作状语。
8．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，62，改编)It was a great honour ________ (invite) backstage at the not-f or-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research.答案：to be invited It's a great honour to do sth. “很荣幸地去做某事”，根据句意可知应用动词不定式的被动式。
9．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ，短文改错)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the vegetables!___________________________________________________答案：pick前加to invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。
10．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ，短文改错)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.____________________________________________________答案：wear→wearing介词后的动词应用动名词形式。
一、动词不定式的用法1．作主语动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：(1)把不定式置于句首To make up for lost time is not possible.(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中①It＋is＋名词＋to doIt is an offence to drop litter in the street.②It takes sb.＋some time＋to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?③It＋be＋形容词＋for/of sb.＋to do，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等。
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter ofan hour.It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.④It seems/appears＋形容词＋to do，常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。
It seemed impossible to save money.2．作宾语(1)常跟不定式作宾语的动词afford, agree, aim, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, claim, condescend, consent, decide, demand, determine, endeavor, expect, fail, help, hesitate, hope, learn, manage, neglect, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, proceed, promise, prove, refuse, resolve, seem, swear, tend, threaten, undertake, volunteer, vow, want, wishThe driver failed to see the other car in time.(2)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。
We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.3．作补语(1)动词＋宾语＋不定式常见动词：advise, allow, believe, cause, challenge, compel, declare, encourage, forbid, force,find, hire, induce, instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, select, send, suppose, tell, train, urge 等。
Father will not allow us to play in the street.(2)不带to的不定式作补语五看：see/watch/notice/observe/look at三使役：have/make/let两听：hear/listen to一感：feelI often see him go to school on foot.He is often seen to go to school on foot.(不定式作主语补足语，要带“to”)4．作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter.What I hate most is being laughed at.5．作状语(1)目的状语(only) to,in order to,so as to,so/such ... as to ... (如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.I come here only to say goodbye to you.(2)作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
He searched the room only to find nothing.(3)表原因I'm glad to see you.6．作定语(1)不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
Do you have anything to be taken to your sister?My wish to visit France has come true at last.(2)不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：①表示将来的动作；②与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词；③与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其他词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍用主动语态；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态；④不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句。
7．疑问词＋不定式疑问词who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
(1)When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (主语)(2)Mr Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (宾语)(3)I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (直接宾语)(4)The question was where to get the medicine needed. (表语)经常用于这种结构的动词有：decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell等。
