2009法律硕士英语模拟试题阅读理解专项练习二

2009考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析Unit1Part ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （40 points）Text 1It's plain common sense - the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience. It's plain common sense, but it's not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really two sides of the same emotion. They are two distinct feelings that, coexisting, rise and fall independently.People might think that the higher a person's level of unhappiness, the lower their level of happiness and vice versa. But when researchers measure people's average levels of happiness and unhappiness, they often find little relationship between the two.The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can co-exist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life. It suggests, for example, that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable, but probably won't make you any happier. That advice is backed up by an extraordinary series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families. On the other hand, researchers have found happiness doesn't appear to be anyone's heritage. The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself.Psychologists have settled on a working definition of the feeling - happiness is a sense of subjective well-being. They have also begun to find out who's happy, who isn't and why. To date, the research hasn't found a simple formula for a happy life, but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring peoplecloser to that most desired of feelings.Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment? When we are happy, we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than when we are feeling sad. This doesn't mean, however, that some people are born to be sad and that's that. Genes may predispose one to unhappiness, but disposition can be influenced by personal choice. You can increase your happiness through your own actions.1. According to the text, it is true thatA．unhappiness is more inherited than affected by environment.B．happiness and unhappiness are mutually conditional.C．unhappiness is subject to external more than internal factors.D．happiness is an uncontrollable subjective feeling.2. The author argues that one can achieve happiness byA． maintaining it at an average level.B．escaping miserable occurrences in life.C．pursuing it with one's painstaking effort.D．realizing its coexistence with unhappiness.3. The phrase "To date" (Par.4) can be best replaced byA．As a result.B．In addition.C．At present.D．Until now.4. What do you think the author believes about happiness and unhappiness?A．One feels unhappy owing to his miserable origin.B．They are independent but existing concurrentlyC．One feels happy by participating in more activities.D．They are actions and attitudes taken by human beings.5. The sentence "That's that" (Par. 5) probably means: Some people are born to be sadA．and the situation cannot be altered.B．and happiness remains inaccessible.C．but they don't think much about it. D．but they remain unconscious of it.。

教育硕士英语二试卷二[供报考学科教学(英语)专业考生使用]Section ⅢTranslation (20 minutes,20%)Section Ⅳwriting (40 minutes,20%)考生须知1. 试卷二满分40分，考试时间为60分钟，16：00开始，17：00结束。

2. 请考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。

3. 试卷二的答案必须用蓝色或黑色墨水笔写在试卷二答题卡指定区域内，未写在指定区域内的答案一律无效。

4. 监考员宣布考试结束时，请立即停止答题，将试卷二和答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，坐在原位，等待监考员收试卷二和答题卡。

等监考员全部收齐点清无误，宣布可以离场后，方可离开考场。

5. 监考员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为考生交卷的凭据），否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。

Section ⅢTranslation (20 minutes,20%)Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2(答题纸).Are Teachers Responsible for Student Learning?The argument can be made that student learning is both the responsibility and choice of the individual student. Consider the following quote, which espouses this position:Because every person is accountable for his or her own behavior but not for what other people do, teachers must be held accountable for what they do as teachers but not for what their students do as learners. Students are responsible for their own learning.Ultimately, this position is quite accurate. As Elliot Eisner acknowledges, it is the students who must integrate and make sense of new knowledge or practice new skills. [46]Without their participation, it is possible that no actual learning will take place; and in fact, in many states in the U.S., high-stakes testing programs are holding students responsible for their learning by denying promotion, requiring summer school, and delaying graduation. But is learning solely the responsibility of students?Most of us would agree that learning is a partnership between teachers and students in which both hold responsibility. Indeed, many educators believe that teaching has not taken place if students have not learned. Research clearly suggests that teachers and the quality of their instruction directly affect student learning. [47] If teachers can influence learning, then is it not a professional obligation to promote the greatest amount of learning possible? The process-product research summarized by Brophy and Good and a host of others has supported the positive effects of certain teaching practices that enhance student achievement gains. [48] Clearly, teachers are the school’s primary point of contact with students and in large part determine the outcomes of educational goals and learning results for students. A substantial body of research has supported the broader contention that teacher quality –as defined in numerous ways –directly affects student learning. In a sweeping meta-analysis of available studies on what variables impact school learning, Wang. Haertel, and Walberg found a “general agreement among experts” regarding these influences. [49] One of their major conclusions was that variables such as state, district, and even school-level policy have little direct influence on school learning; it is variables like psychological factors, instructional characteristics, and home environment that have more impact. Schools obviously have the greatest control over instructional characteristics as determined by classroom teachers.[50]Given this research base, we believe that teachers are responsible not only for teaching but also, to some extent, for learning outcomes. If this position is accepted, then there is the question of how to measure learning outcomes.Section IV Writing (40 minutes, 20%)In some schools students are streamed(分流) into different groups based on their existing levels. But some people criticize this as discrimination. Students put into the lower level groups may feel inferior and thus lose courage to learn. What’s your opinion on this issue? Please discuss this issue from theoretical as well practical points of view in about 300 words.。

2009全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Text 2It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad. All he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his loca l drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family’s geographic roots .Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.But some observers are skeptical, “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says Trey Duster, a New Y ork University sociologist. He note s that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Y et most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father’s line or mitochondrial DNA, which a passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don’t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26.In paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows PTK’s ___________.[A]easy availability[B]flexibility in pricing[C] successful promotion[D] popularity with households27. PTK is used to __________.[A]locate one’s birth place[B]promote genetic research[C] identify parent-child kinship[D] choose children for adoption28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to__________.[A]trace distant ancestors[B] rebuild reliable bloodlines[C] fully use genetic information[D] achieve the claimed accuracy29. In the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces is __________.[A]disorganized data collection[B] overlapping database building30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be__________.[A]Fors and Againsts of DNA testing[B] DNA testing and It’s problems[C]DNA testing outside the lab[D] lies behind DNA testing。

2009英语二考研真题In recent years, the number of students taking the English postgraduate entrance exam, also known as the English two exam, has been steadily increasing. This exam is a crucial step for students seeking to pursue further studies or enhance their English proficiency. Today, we will analyze and discuss the 2009 English two exam, exploring its content, structure, and the skills required to excel in the examination.1. Overview of the ExamThe 2009 English two exam consisted of two parts, Reading Comprehension and Translation/Composition. It aimed to assess the candidates' reading comprehension abilities, as well as their translation and writing skills.2. Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section contained four passages of varying lengths and difficulty levels. Each passage was followed by several questions to test the candidates' understanding of the main ideas, critical thinking skills, and ability to infer information from the text. The passages covered a wide range of topics, including literature, history, science, and sociology.To perform well in this section, candidates needed to develop efficient reading strategies, such as skimming and scanning, to quickly locate relevant information. Additionally, they needed to build a strong vocabulary and understanding of idiomatic expressions to handle the complex language usedin the passages. Practice and exposure to a variety of English texts could greatly contribute to success in this section.3. Translation/CompositionThe translation/composition section required candidates to demonstrate their mastery of both written and translation skills. It consisted of two parts: Chinese-to-English translation and English composition.The Chinese-to-English translation part tested candidates' ability to accurately translate Chinese sentences or paragraphs into grammatically correct English. It required not only a deep understanding of the content but also a proficiency in English sentence structures and vocabulary. To excel in this part, candidates needed to practice regularly, expand their vocabulary, and familiarize themselves with various sentence patterns commonly used in English writing.The English composition part assessed candidates' ability to write a coherent and cohesive essay. They were given a topic or prompt and were required to organize their thoughts logically, provide sufficient supporting details, and use appropriate linking words to enhance the overall flow of the essay. Developing strong writing skills involved consistent practice, reading extensively, and seeking feedback to improve grammar, vocabulary, and overall writing style.4. Preparation Tips for SuccessTo prepare for the 2009 English two exam or any similar examination, candidates can follow these strategies:a) Develop a study plan: Allocate specific time each day to focus on different sections of the exam.b) Read extensively: Engage in a wide range of reading materials, including articles, books, and newspapers, to improve reading comprehension and vocabulary.c) Practice past papers: Solve previous exam papers to become familiar with the exam format and gain confidence in tackling similar questions effectively.d) Seek guidance and feedback: Enroll in preparatory courses or work with a tutor to receive guidance, tips, and feedback on your performance.e) Time management: During the exam, manage your time wisely by allocating a specific amount for each section to avoid rushing or leaving questions unanswered.In conclusion, the 2009 English two exam was a comprehensive assessment of candidates' reading comprehension, translation, and composition skills. By focusing on developing efficient reading strategies, expanding vocabulary, practicing translation exercises, and honing writing skills, candidates could enhance their chances of success in this examination. The key lies in consistent practice, exposure to various English texts, and seeking guidance where necessary.。

2009年考研英语真题（word版）【2】All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book “This Year I Will...” and Ms. Markova’s business partner. “That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of i t creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.21. The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed by beingA. casualB. familiarC. mechanicalD. changeable.22. The researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can beA. predictedB. regulatedC. tracedD. guided23.” ruts”(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning toA. tracksB. seriesC. characteristicsD. connections24. Ms. Markova’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing ?A, prevents new habits form being formedB, no longer emphasizes commonnessC, maintains the inherent American thinking modelD, complies with the American belief system25. Ryan most probably agree thatA. ideas are born of a relaxing mindB. innovativeness could be taughtC. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideasD. curiosity activates creative mindsText 2It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad. All he needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore –and another $120 to get the results.More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family’s geographic roots .Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.But some observers are skeptical, “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says Trey Duster, a New York Universitysociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a f ather’s line or mitochondrial DNA, which a passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don’t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26.In paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows PTK’s ___________.[A]easy availability[B]flexibility in pricing[C] successful promotion[D] popularity with households27. PTK is used to __________.[A]l ocate one’s birth place[B]promote genetic research[C] identify parent-child kinship[D] choose children for adoption28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to__________.[A]trace distant ancestors[B] rebuild reliable bloodlines[C] fully use genetic information[D] achieve the claimed accuracy29. In the last paragraph ,a problem commercial genetic testing faces is __________.[A]disorganized data collection[B] overlapping database building30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be__________.[A]Fors and Againsts of DNA testing[B] DNA testing and It’s problems[C]DNA testing outside the lab[D] lies behind DNA testing。

2009 年全国硕士‎研究生入学‎统一考试英‎语（二）试题答案与‎解析Secti‎o n I Use of Engli‎s h一、文章题材结‎构分析本文是一篇‎说明文，摘自2008 年 6 月26 日The New Y ork Times‎。

文章主要介‎绍了世界石‎油价格的变‎化的原因以及给世界‎带来的改变‎。

第一段主要‎介绍了近年‎来石油价格‎的上涨以及‎其背后的原‎因。

第二、三段主要介‎绍了石油价格的改变‎对国家相互‎之间的关系‎带来的影响‎。

第四、五段分别具‎体的介绍了‎世界石油价‎格的变化给‎德国与美国‎来带的影响。

二、试题分析1.【答案】C【解析】本题主要考‎查词义辨析‎和熟词生义‎，A项come，B 项gone，D 项arriv‎e d 都表示“到，到达”的含义。

C项cross‎意为“穿过”，这里是引申‎含义“突破”。

这句话指“价格已经突‎破100 美元每桶”，与上文的“16 美元一桶”做比较。

2.【答案】D【解析】本题考查动‎词与介词词‎组的搭配。

解题重点在‎于空后面的‎一个介词词‎组from …to…表示一个范‎围。

A项cover‎e d意为“覆盖”一般指地理‎范围；B项disco‎v ered‎发现；C 项arran‎g ed 安排；C 项D 项的动词都‎与介词词组搭配不合‎理。

D 项range‎d意为涉及的‎“范围延伸”。

与后面的from…to…搭配合理。

本句句意是‎：价格上涨的‎原因涉及从……到……，固定搭配range‎from A to B。

因此，选项 D 正确。

3.【答案】D【解析】本题的解答‎要根据上下‎文来推理，四个选项中‎A项inten‎si ty 强度；B 项infin‎i ty；无穷大；C 项insec‎u rity‎不安全；D 项insta‎bilit‎y不安定，不稳定性。

后面说到了‎“伊拉克与尼‎日利亚的三‎角洲地区”，我们知道这‎两个地区的局势长期‎不稳定。

2009年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Part ⅠDialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Part ⅣCloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Part I Dialogue Communication （15 minutes, 15 points）Section A Dialogue CompletionDirection: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1．Man: Have you seen my glasses anywhere?Woman: No. ______.Man: Yes. And I can’t see a thing without them.A．Anything wrong?B．Can’t you find them?C．Did you lose them?D．Can I help you?2．Speaker A: Hey, it’s beautiful out today, isn’t it?Speaker B: ______.A．Tomorrow will be the same as today.B．Yeah. I wish it would be like this every day.C．At least not as good as I expected.D．Really? It’s different from the weather forecast.3．Speaker A: I’m going home now. Do you need a fide?Speaker B: ______. I’m not done yet.A．No, thanksB．It’s impossibleC．I’m glad toD．Thank you4．Woman: Concert or movie. What do would you prefer?Man: ______. I just want to get out of the house.A．That’s OK with meB．That’s a good ideaC．I really don’t careD．There is no problem5．Speaker A: Could I speak to John, please?Speaker B: John? There’s no one by that name here. I’m afraid you’ve got the wrong number.Speaker A: ______.A．Well, I’ll try againB．Ok, let me check againC．All fight, thank youD．Oh, sorry to have bothered youSection B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6．Man: Are you finished with school already?Woman: No. I have one more semester, but it would be great to have a job lined up.Question: What does the woman mean?A．She will line up to apply for a job.B．She hopes to get a job offer before graduation.C．She has already had a job offer.D．She’ll look for a job soon after graduation.7．Man: Gosh! There seems to be no end to the work I have to do.Woman: I’m glad I’m not in yours shoes.Question: What does the woman mean?A．She is unable to help the man.B．She is busier than the man.C．She is lucky not to work with the man.D．She is not as busy as the man.8．Woman: Are you going to Hawaii on your vacation?Man: Not this year. I am broke.Woman: Oh! Come on.Question: How does the woman take the man’s words?A．She thinks he’s not serious.B．She feels sorry for the man.C．She is surprised.D．She is amused.9．Woman: Do you like the course we’re taking?Man: It’s beyond me.Question: What does the man mean?A．He doesn’t want to answer the question.B．He doesn’t like the course.C．He can’t understand the course.D．He feels comfortable with the course.10．Man: Ben borrowed his father’s car without permission, and then crashed it into the garage door.Woman: No wonder his father went up the wall.Question: What can we learn about Ben’s father?A．He wouldn’t forgive Ben.B．He was extremely angry.C．He was quite disappointed.D．He couldn’t understand Ben.Part II Vocabulary and Structure （20 minutes, 10 points）Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11．Sunny Monday Skies will ______ a shield of clouds by sunset.A．give space to B．give place to C．give path to D．give way to 12．Eating regular meals is ______ important for health.A．vividly B．vitally C．visually D．visibly13．A new electronic announcement system has been introduced in the taxis to ______ passengers not to forget their luggage.A．inform B．warn C．alert D．remind14．Consumer ______ in food products has been shaken by several recent scandals.A．Belief B．trust C．confidence D．assurance 15．Such a proposal must have been put forward by people with limited ______.A．overview B．overlook C．outline D．outlook 16．Fighting corruption involves tackling those who offer ______ as well as those who take them.A．contributions B．donations C．bribes D．bonuses17．In a______ of inspiration. I decided to paint the whole house white.A．flame B．flight C．flavor D．flash18．Unlike other leaders who put all blames on others, he took responsibility and resigned ______.A．gracefully B．faithfully C．mysteriously D．reluctantly 19．This report is ______ with an article written by the same author.A．similar B．same C．identical D．alike 20．Traditional publishing will be ______ dramatically in the next 5 to 10 years.A．cut away B．cut down C．cut back D．cut off21．I’ll contact my office in London straight away and ______ to you.A．have been faxing the contract B．have the contract faxC．have faxed the contract D．have the contract faxed22．Caroline has never ever broken her promise. ______.A．neither had I B．never will I C．not would I D．nor have I 23．Weather ______, we’ll go for a walk in the woods tomorrow.A．to permit B．permitted C．permitting D．permits 24．If she ______ here next week, we would know her decision.A．will be B．were to be C．would have been D．is to be 25．The problem is that they are unable to communicate effectively in the language ______ public services are offered.A．in which B．for which C．by which D．of which26．Many dreams ______ seem impossible, then improbable, and eventually inevitable.A．at first B．first C．firstly D．first of all27．If you are going to interview someone you ______ know something about them.A．should as well B．might as well C．had rather D．would rather 28．Joe ______ away for the last two days but he is due back tomorrow.A．is B．has been C．went D．has gone29．______ 40 years ago, the books continues to be marketed, mass-produced, and challenged.A．Being written B．As writtenC．It was written D．Though written30．Born Sept. 11, 1907, in Boston, Alice Lillian Ellis was ______ of nine children.A．the third oldest B．the third old C．the third older D．the oldest thirdPart III Reading Comprehension (40minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneJack’s friend Tony had recently gotten a tattoo （文身）., and Jack was so impressed by Tony’s bravery and his tattoo that he decided to get one too. Why do a lot of young people in North America get tattoos today? Peer pressure, media influence, and personal expression are some of the common reasons.The desire to be part of a group to be accepted by one’s friends or peers can have a great influence on what a person does. Sometimes, wearing a tattoo can be a sign that you belong to a certain group, Gangs often use special clothes and tattoos to identify their particular group. For example, in one gang all the members may wear green army jackets and have large “Xs” tattooed on their arms. It is not only gangs that have this type of special “uniform”. Young people often belong to a certain group of friends. Some of these groups wear only brand-name clothes. Others wear tattoos. When a person’s friends are all doing something, such as getting a tattoo, that person is more likely to do the same thing, and get a tattoo too.The media is another big influence behind the popularity of tattoos in North America. A wide variety of media images show tattoos. Tattoos can be seen on people appearing in commercials selling expensive cars. Famous sports heroes with tattoos are shown in magazines. Fashion models are often seen in magazines and on TV wearing designer clothes that show their bodies tattoos with detailed and colorful patterns. These media images link tattoos to ideas of wealth, success, and status. As a result, many people decide to get a tattoo for its fashion and status value.It is not always the influence of other people or the media that results in a person getting a tattoo. Many people decide to wear tattoos in order to express their artistic nature, their beliefs, or their feelings-in other words, to show their individuality. A musician in a rock band may get a tattoo of a guitar on the arm. Some environmentalists may tattoo pictures of endangered animals on their shoulders. Lovers may tattoo each others’ names over their hearts. A tattoo can be a publicsign to show what is important in a person’s life.31. Jack got a tattoo because of _____.A the influence of friendsB the influence of the mediaC a desire to express himselfD a desire to be fashionable32. Gang members wear the tattoo of “Xs” to show their____.A individualityB powerC sense of honorD sense of belonging33. Which of the following groups of people are seen wearing tattoos in the media?A Car sellersB Sports starsC Fashion designersD Movie stars34. Which of the following tattoos shows one’s belief?A A musical instrumentB A lover’s nameC A picture of endangered speciesD A brand name35. The best title for this passage is _____.A Why People Get TattoosB Tattoos’ New TrendC The Popularity of TattoosD Tattoos Tell Who You ArePassage TwoIs the customer always right? The answer, it seems, depends on which country you are in. Shopping is very much a part of a country’s culture, and attitudes to shopping and consumers vary from country to country just as much as climate or taste in food. From the air-conditioned American shopping centers to the street market of African towns, the way we shop shows the way we see ourselves and our relationships with other people.Business competition in Europe has given consumers increased power. This has meant falling prices, plenty of special offers and a re-examination of what customer service really means. People often point to America as an example of excellent customer service. In restaurants in the south of the USA, for example, waiters compliment you on your clothes, ask about your day, compliment you on the wisdom of your order and then return every ten minutes to refill your glass and make sure that everything is to your satisfaction.Anyone who has waited 30 minutes to be served in a restaurant might well dream of such attention, but do Europeans really want US style service？As a friend of mine once told me,” By the end of the evening I had spent as much time talking to the waiter as to my wife.”It is a question of expectations. Different nationalities expect different types of service.A Chinese-American friend loves telling people about how her Chinese mother shops for clothes. “First of all she waits until they are on sale, then she bargains until she gets an even better price and then she finds some small fault with the product and demands a further reduction. She never buys anything at the regular price.” Could you imagine trying such tricks in a department store in your country?Attitudes to service are, of course, affected by employers’attitudes to their workers. As American sales and service personnel are heavily reliant on commission and tips, they have more motives to provide more service. But is this fair? Do we think it is fair to ask shop assistants to work late evenings, Sundays and 12 hour shifts? It might not be a case of “Is the customer always right?” but a case of “How much service is it fair to expect?”36. The way people shop _____.A carries social and cultural valuesB reflects the developmental stage of a countryC determines the way they socializeD reveals their social status37. The word “compliment” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “_____”.A evaluateB criticizeC laugh atD praise38. The remarks of the author’s friend in 3 indicate that Europeans _____.A think highly of the American serviceB find it impossible to accept the American serviceC do not appreciate the America serviceD will gradually accept the American service39. Why does the author use the Chinese mother’s shopping experience as an example?A To warn shop assistants of tough customers.B To teach people how to get better service as customersC To criticize some improper shopping behavior.D To show how different people’s expectations of service are.40. According to the last paragraph, the service quality of American service personnel may depend on ______.A the customers’ attitude towards themB the amount of commission and tipsC the length of their working hoursD their working experiencePassage ThreeJob sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full-time job. The two people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 per cent of the job’s wages, its holidays and its other benefits. Of course, some job sharers take a smaller or larger share of the responsibilities of the position, receiving a lesser orgreater share of the benefits.Job sharing differs from conventional part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more position to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities.As would be expected, women constitute the bulk of job shares. A survey carried out in 1988 by Britain’s Equal Opportunities Commission revealed that 78 per cent of shares were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence.The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.41. “Employee commitment” in Paragraph 2 refers to the employee’s ____.A qualificationB loyaltyC experienceD achievement42. Work sharing is different from job sharing in that ____.A it requires more working hoursB it provides more work positionsC it depends on the employer’s decisionD it offers a more satisfactory salary43. Job sharing is popular with young mothers mainly because _____.A they can take care of both work and familyB they are over ideal working agesC they seek equal opportunities with menD they have difficulty finding full-time jobs44. In job sharing the partners should ____.A be social equalsB be intimate friendsC know each other very wellD have similar working experience45. The main purpose of the passage is to ____.A recommend job sharing to womenB discuss a way to tackle unemploymentC criticize job sharing as inefficientD describe job sharing in generalPassage FourAmericans have a great love for informality and nowhere is this better expressed than in their love for nicknames （昵称、绰号）.Upon greeting strangers for the first time they will quickly introduce themselves by their nickname. These are shortened forms of their given name at birth and reflect the casual relationships which exist among friends and coworkers. Family names are hardly ever used in daily situations and the use of one’s father’s last name is saved only for rare and formal occasions.In many traditional cultures the use of the family name is seen as a sign of respect. For Americans, however, it’s the nickname which creates an immediate intimacy between two people upon which to build a relationship. By speaking to another on a first name basis and using his nickname, walls are immediately torn down and equality between two people is established.At work bosses will refer to their employees by their nicknames. Should an employer use a worker’s family name, you can be sure that some kind of correction or serious business will follow.This love for nicknames can create a sense of closeness between people who are otherwise not related. Even the presidents of the United States have borne nicknames. Abraham Lincoln was known as Honest Abe John F.Kennedy was known as Jack or JFK and William Clinton has no reservations in letting people know he prefers to be called Bill, but those who look upon him with disfavor may call him Slick Willy.Not only people but cities often carry their own nicknames, Chicago is called the “Windy City” because of the strong winds which come down from Canada throughout the year. New York City is considered the “Big Apple” for reasons which are still obscure to most people including many New Yorkers.Not every nickname, however, is positive and some can be rather rude and insulting. If someone should demonstrate a certain negative characteristic, a label will soon be attached to describe that person in an unpleasant way.Likewise a person’s physical traits which are very dominant may lead to nicknames but not necessarily to one’s liking or choice. A nickname, therefore, is a way of identifying or describing someone or something for better or worse.46. Why do Americans prefer to use nicknames when addressing one another?A Nicknames are easy to rememberB Americans are a friendly peopleC Nicknames are convenient to use in daily lifeD Nicknames help build a closer relationship47. Americans tend to use others’ family names ____.A in the work placeB when writing lettersC on formal occasionsD when making phone calls48. Many traditional societies see the use of one’s family name as a sign of ____.A distanceB respectC importanceD gratitude49. An American employer is likely to use a worker’s family name when ____.A the worker is to get a promotionB he speaks to the worker at a gatheringC the worker has done something wrongD he is being friendly with the worker50 In Paragraph 5, the word “obscure” is closest in meaning to” _____”A unclearB soundC funnyD popularPart IV Cloze Test （15 minutes, 10 points）Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.For years we have believed we were either healthy or sick. 51 , during the mid-90s scientists developed a new concept called “sub-health”, a status 52 health and illness. The concept of sub-health has become 53 because it has helped to explain many health problems.54 one study, only 5.6% of people in the overall population are actually sick, 55 the sub-healthy group consists of about 60%, and the 56 population is considered healthy. 57 of one’s sub-health will help one to be alert to the underlying disease and remain healthy. Sub-Health is a state in which the body is 58 turning from health to illness or from illness to health. Our bodies are actively 59 the conditions of health, sub-health and disease, Factors 60 aging, internal or external toxicity （毒性）, and body or mind exhaustion may cause sub-health, but taking good care of the body can change a sub-healthy status to a healthy one.51．A．However B．Besides C．Therefore D．Meantime 52．A．within B．between C．toward D．beyond 53．A．controversial B．global C．popular D．common 54．A．Thanks to B．Due to C．According to D．Prior to 55．A．since B．though C．for D．whereas 56．A．remaining B．retaining C．relating D．reserving 57．A．Causes B．Awareness C．Doubts D．Treatment 58．A．already B．still C．neither D．either 59．A．choosing B．comparing C．improving D．balancing 60．A．like B．as C．along with D．up toPart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The office desk, as we know it, may have had its day. A large study on the future of work in the UK predicts the rise of the “mobile worker” moving with notebook computer and mobile phone between office, home, hotel, airport or highway service station as the needs of a job demand. Today, more than five million people already spend some time working at home or on the move, according to a recent report. That number will rise dramatically over the coming decades, with mobile work becoming one of the fastest-growing types of employment.According to the study “Working in the Twenty-First Century”, individuals will not necessarily see themselves as working from home. They could equally be working from the office, but they will be on the move from place to place, working at various times of the day, for much of the week. For a large proportion of workers, work in twenty years’ time will be more about movement than staying in one place.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions:You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “A Threat (Threats) to Endangered Animals”. You may base your composition on the clues given below:Many animals are now in danger of becoming extinct....Among the threats to endangered animals is (are) ....The way to cope with the threat (threats)....Conclusion.（Note: endangered—濒危）。

2009年高考英语模拟试题及详细解析（二）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

21. Sir Clive Sinclair was ______ chairman of British Mensa for many years, which was ______ society for bright people.A. the; /B. a; theC. /; theD. /; a22. Only under special circumstances ______ to take make-up tests.A. are freshmen permittedB. permitted are freshmenC. freshmen are permittedD. are permitted freshmen23. Y ou must get there within an hour. There should be no ______ in sending this information.A. questionB. delayC. quarrelD. problem24. — Are you satisfied with what she has done?—Not in the least. It couldn‟t be __________.A. any worseB. any betterC. so badD. so good25. — Bruce was injured in a traffic accident.— ________ I talked with him just yesterday.A. Is that right?B. I beg your pardon?C. I see.D. Oh, no!26. The manager has a decision ______ whether they should borrow money from the bank.A. makingB. to be madeC. madeD. to make27. — Where is Lucy?—I can‟t say for sure where she is, but she ______ be out shopping.A. canB. shouldC. mayD. must28. How close parents are to their children ______ great effect on the characters of the children.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. has29. Our government took urgent measures ______ the terrible weather disaster at the beginning of 2008.A. in terms ofB. in case ofC. in response toD. in honor of30. — May I go now?—you‟ve finished your work, you may go.A. AfterB. AlthoughC. Now thatD. As soon as31. Any applicant form ______ properly will not be accepted by the company.A. not to be filledB. not filledC. not being filledD. not having been filled32. — Where is Tom?— Well, he ______ you ______ here. Otherwise he would come down right now.A. didn‟t know; wereB. hasn‟t known; areC. doesn‟t know; areD. hadn‟t known; were33. — Will this fish ______ until tomorrow?— Only if you put it in the fridge.A. keepB. lastC. stayD. remain34. It made all the Chinese happy _______ China succeeded in sending up Chang‟e 1.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. if35. ______ the sales _______ 10%, the computer company has had another harvest year.A. With; raising byB. With; rising toC. As; have risen byD. As; raising to第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

TEXT 2He emerged, all of a sudden, in 1957: the most explosive new poetic talent of the English post-war era. Poetry specialised, at that moment, in the wry chronicling of the everyday. The poetry of Yorkshire-born Ted Hughes, first published in a book called “The Hawk in the Rain” when he was 27, was unlike anything written by his immediate predecessors. Driven by an almost Jacobean rhetoric, it had a visionary fervour. Its most eye-catching characteristic was Hughes’s ability to get beneath the skins of animals: foxes, otters, pigs. These animals were the real thing all right, but they were also armorial devices—symbols of the countryside and lifeblood of the earth in which they were rooted. It gave his work a raw, primal stink.It was not only England that thought so either. Hughes’s book was also published in America, where it won the Galbraith prize, a major literary award. But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide. Hughes was vilified for long after that, especially by feminists in America. In 1998, the year he died, Hughes broke his own self-imposed public silence about their relationship in a book of loose-weave poems called “Birthday Letters”.In this new and exhilarating collection of real letters, Hughes returns to the issue of his first wife’s death, which he calls his “big and unmanageable event”. He felt his talent muffled by the perpetual eavesdropping upon his every move. Not until he decided to publish his own account of their relationship did the burden begin to lighten.The analysis is raw, pained and ruthlessly self-aware. For all the moral torment, the writing itself has the same rush and vigour that possessed Hughes’s early poetry. Some books of letters serve as a personalised historical chronicle. Poets’letters are seldom like that, and Hughes’s are no exception. His are about a life of literary engagement: almost all of them include some musing on the state or the nature of writing, both Hughes’s own or other people’s. The trajectory of Hughes’s literary career had him moving from obscurity to fame, and then, in the eyes of many, to life-long notoriety. These letters are filled with his wrestling with the consequences of being the part-private, part-public creature that he became, desperate to devote himself to his writing, and yet subject to endless invasions of his privacy.Hughes is an absorbing and intricate commentator upon his own poetry, even when he is standing back from it and good-humouredly condemning himself for “its fantasticalia, its pretticisms and its infinite verballifications”. He also believed, from first to last, that poetry had a special place in the education of children. “What kids need”, he wrote in a 1988 letter to the secretary of state for education in the Conservative government, “is a headfull [sic] of songs that are not songs but blocks of refined and achieved and exemplary language.” When that happens, children have “the guardian angel installed behind the tongue”. Lucky readers, big or small.1．The poetry of Hughes’s forerunners is characteristic of ______[A] its natural, crude flavor.[B] its distorted depiction of people’s daily life.[C] its penetrating sight.[D] its fantastical enthusiasm.2.The word “vilified” (Line 3, Paragraph 2)most probably means _____[A] tortured[B] harassed[C] scolded[D] tormented3．According to the third paragraph, Hughes’s collection of letters are _____[A] personal recollection of his life.[B] personalised historical chronicle of his literary engagement.[C] reflections of his struggle with his devotion and the reality.[D] his meditation on the literary world.4. From the letters, we may find the cause of Hughes’s internal struggle is _____[A] his devotion to the literary world.[B] that he is a part-private, part-public creature.[C] that he is constrained by the fear of his privacy being invaded.[D] his fame and notoriety.5. By “lucky readers” in the last sentence, the author means_____[A] children who read poetry.[B] children who have a headfull of songs.[C] children who own blocks of refined and achieved and exemplary language.[D] children who have the guardian angel installed behind the tongue。

Unit1 Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （40 points） Text 1 It’s plain common sense — the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience. It’s plain common sense, but it’s not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really two sides of the same emotion. They are two distinct feelings that, coexisting, rise and fall independently. People might think that the higher a person’s level of unhappiness, the lower their level of happiness and vice versa. But when researchers measure people’s average levels of happiness and unhappiness, they often find little relationship between the two. The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can co-exist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life. It suggests, for example, that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable, but probably won’t make you any happier. That advice is backed up by an extraordinary series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families. On the other hand, researchers have found happiness doesn’t appear to be anyone’s heritage. The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself. Psychologists have settled on a working definition of the feeling — happiness is a sense of subjective well-being. They have also begun to find out who’s happy, who isn’t and why. To date, the research hasn’t found a simple formula for a happy life, but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to that most desired of feelings. Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment? When we are happy, we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than when we are feeling sad. This doesn’t mean, however, that some people are born to be sad and that’s that. Genes may predispose one to unhappiness, but disposition can be influenced by personal choice. You can increase your happiness through your own actions.1. According to the text, it is true thatA．unhappiness is more inherited than affected by environment.B．happiness and unhappiness are mutually conditional.C．unhappiness is subject to external more than internal factors.D．happiness is an uncontrollable subjective feeling.2. The author argues that one can achieve happiness byA． maintaining it at an average level.B．escaping miserable occurrences in life.C．pursuing it with one’s painstaking effort.D．realizing its coexistence with unhappiness.3. The phrase “To date” (Par.4) can be best replaced byA．As a result.B．In addition.C．At present.D．Until now.4. What do you think the author believes about happiness and unhappiness?A．One feels unhappy owing to his miserable origin.B．They are independent but existing concurrentlyC．One feels happy by participating in more activities.D．They are actions and attitudes taken by human beings.5. The sentence “That’s that” (Par. 5) probably means: Some people are born to be sadA．and the situation cannot be altered.B．and happiness remains inaccessible.C．but they don’t think much about it.D．but they remain unconscious of it.。