穿透性角膜移植术治疗真菌性角膜炎的临床观察
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重症真菌性角膜炎患者的临床特征分析仇胜;赵桂秋;李坚恩;王雪;徐强;王谦;胡丽婷;朱铖铖【期刊名称】《国际眼科杂志》【年(卷),期】2015(15)4【摘要】AIM: To explore the predisposing factors, population characteristics and clinical features of severe fungal keratitis. <br> METHODS:The data of 233 cases 233 eyes of severe fungal keratitis in my hospital from January, 2008 to November, 2013 was retrospectively reviewed. The predisposing factors, population characteristics and clinical features were analyzed. <br> RESULTS: In 233 cases of severe fungal keratitis, the number of male patients was 153 ( 65. 7%) and the number ratio of male to female was 1. 9:1. The average age of them was (52. 7±11.3), and most of them were middle-aged and elderly people living in the rural area (78. 1%) and were farmers ( 66. 1%) with low literacy (59. 7%). In 233 cases, 188 cases (80. 7%) possessed a clear history of ocular trauma, mainly caused by plant-based trauma (60. 9%). 90 cases (57. 3%) were infected with Fusarium, and 47 cases ( 29. 9%) by Aspergillus. The main treatment of severe fungal keratitis was surgery (87. 9%). 83 cases ( 52. 9%) were treated with penetrating keratoplasty, and in Fusarium and Aspergillus infected patients with severe fungal keratitis, 58. 4% ( 80/137 ) were performed with penetrating keratoplasty. In addition, patients treated with eye enucleation or evisceration, 68. 4% (13/19) were infected withFusarium species. <br> CONCLUSION: Patients with severe fungalkeratitis in our hospital are mainly elderly male farmers living in rural, because of low economic condition and poor diagnosis consciousness. The main pathogens are Fusarium and Aspergillus species, and the major treatment is penetrating keratoplasty. Most of patients with poor clinical outcomes are infected with Fusarium species.%目的:探讨重症真菌性角膜炎病因、人群特征及临床特点。
结膜瓣遮盖治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的临床疗效观察(一)作者:宋本平王友良高华伟【摘要】目的探讨结膜瓣覆盖治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的疗效。
方法对18例(18只眼)真菌性角膜溃疡患者采用病灶切除结膜瓣覆盖植床并于术后使用抗真菌药物治疗,术后随访5~11月。
结果18例中17例治愈,保住了眼球,1例失败。
结论对药物治疗效果欠佳的真菌性角膜溃疡患者,结膜瓣覆盖法治疗是一种安全、有效的手术方式。
【关键词】真菌性角膜溃疡结膜瓣覆盖真菌性角膜炎是一种严重的化脓性角膜感染,通常表现为角膜溃疡,近年来有增加的趋势,这与抗生素以及激素的滥用有关。
其药物治疗尚不尽人意。
由于抗真菌药物多存在穿透性差、抗菌谱窄、毒性大等缺点,部分病例仅靠药物难以治愈,目前手术是治疗真菌性角膜炎的重要手段。
穿透性角膜移植能彻底清除感染病灶,在控制感染方面疗效比较确切,但由于术后反应剧烈,并发症多,其增视效果并不理想。
在山区基层医院病人往往因为经济条件和角膜材料的限制,角膜移植治疗受到限制,对于这类病人,采用结膜瓣覆盖治疗,作为挽救眼球的抢救手术,可以保住眼球,治愈感染病灶,恢复一定的视功能,并为有条件的患者二期角膜移植创造条件。
1资料与方法1.1一般资料自2000年至2008年5月住院患者角膜溃疡区刮片实验室检查均查到真菌菌丝,结合病史和角膜溃疡特征,确诊为真菌感染,药物治疗无效,采用结膜瓣覆盖治疗共18例,其中男性12例,女性6例,年龄20~68岁,平均年龄45岁。
1.2手术方法采用部分结膜瓣遮盖和全结膜瓣遮盖,部分结膜瓣遮盖有两种术式:(1)袋状结膜瓣:适用于周边或角膜缘的溃疡,在角膜缘作切口,分离结膜瓣,拉下结膜瓣覆盖病变区。
(2)双蒂结膜瓣:适用于角膜中央或旁中心小的病损,先清除所有的角膜坏死组织,去除结膜瓣覆盖区的角膜上皮和板层角膜,注射1%利多卡因将球结膜与结膜囊气球样分离。
钝性分离结膜和筋膜囊至角膜缘,松解鼻颞侧瓣,制作桥状双蒂结膜瓣,缝合于切除板层的角膜创面。