汽车系统构造(英文版)-Lesson 26 Selling a Car Online

CHAPTER 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS1.1 Principal ComponentsToday's average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment.1.2 EngineThe engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine :gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel(also called a compression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission.1.3 BodyAn automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deckbuilt into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle.1.4 ChassisThe chassis is an assembly of those systems that are the major operating part of a vehicle. The chassis includes the transmission, suspension, steering, and brake systems.Transmission systems ― conveys the drive to the wheels. The main components are clutch, gearbox, driveshaft, final drive, and differential.Suspension― absorbs the road shocks.Steering― controls the direction of the movement.Brake― slows down the vehi cle.1.5 Electrical EquipmentThe electrical system supplies electricity for the ignition, horn, lights, heater, and starter. The electricity level is maintained by a charging circuit. This circuit consists of the battery, alternator (or generator). The battery stores electricity. The alternator changes the engine's mechanical energy into electrical energy and recharges the battery. New WordsPrincipal component 主要部件 category 种类，类型body 车身 chassis 底盘layout 布置 power unit 动力装置internal combustion engine 燃机 cylinder 汽缸gasoline 汽油 spark 火ignition 点燃，点火 diesel 柴油机compression 压缩 shaft 轴transmission 传动系 sheet metal 金属板shell 外壳 hood （发动机）罩trunk deck 行舱盖 cargo 货物styling 样式 assembly 总成，装配suspension 悬挂，悬置 shock 冲击steering 转向，操纵 brake 刹车，制动器clutch 离合器 gearbox 变速器driveshaft 传动轴 final drive 主减速器，后桥 differential 差速器 slow down （使）慢下来，减速horn 喇叭 starter 起动机charge 充电 alternator 交流发电机Review Questions1.List the main parts of an automobile?2.What are the common types of a vehicle according to body styling?3.Which systems does a chassis include and what are the main functions of the chassis?4.Why are suspension systems used on vehicles?CHAPTER2 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE2.1 principle of operation2.1.1 Engine and powerEngine is used to produce power. The chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate. This process is called combustion. If engine combustion occurs with the power chamber. ,the engine is called internal combustion engine. If combustion takes place outside the cylinder, the engine is called an external combustion engine.Engine used in automobiles are internal combustion heat engines. Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases with the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to producea usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power.2.1.2 Engine TermsLinking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke “uses up” the gas , so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture :this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves ;an inlet valve allows the new mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job. Engine terms are :TDC(Top Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft.BDC(Bottom Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft.Stroke : the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. Bore : the internal diameter of the cylinder.Swept volume : the volume between TDC and BDC.Engine capacity : this is the swept volume of all the cylinder e.g. a four-stroke having a capacity of two liters(2000cm) has a cylinder swept volume of 50cm.Clearance volume: the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC.Compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)\(clearance vol)Two-stroke : a power stroke every revolution of the crank.Four-stroke : a power stroke every other revolution of the crank..2.1.3 The Four-stroke Spark-ignition Engine CycleThe spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in ignition, which converts the energy contained in the fuel to kinetic energy.The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes. To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft.The operating strokes are :This stroke introduces a mixture of atomized gasoline and air into the cylinder. The stroke starts when the piston moves downward from a position near the top of the cylinder. As the piston moves downward, a vacuum, or low-pressure area, is created.During the intake stroke, one of the ports is opened by moving the inlet valve. The exhaust valve remains tightly closed.Compression strokeAs the piston moves upward to compress the fuel mixture trapped in the cylinder, the valves are closed tightly. This compression action heats the air/fuel mixture slightly and confines it within a small area called the combustion chamber.Power strokeJust before the piston reaches the top of its compression stroke, an electrical spark is introduced from a spark plug screwed into the cylinder head.The spark ignites the compressed, heated mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber to cause rapid burning. The burning fuel produces intense heat that causes rapid expansion of the gases compressed within the cylinder. This pressure forces the piston downward. The downward stroke turns the crankshaft with great force.Exhaust strokeJust before the bottom of the power stroke, the exhaust valve opens. This allows the piston, as it moves upward, to push the hot, burned gases out through the open exhaust valve. Then, just before the piston reaches its highest point, the exhaust valve closes and the inlet valve opens. As the piston reaches the highest point in the cylinder, known as TDC, it starts back down again. Thus, one cycle ends and another begins immediately.2.1.4 Engine Overall MechanicsThe engine has hundreds of other parts . The major parts of engine are engine block , engine heads, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft and valves. The other parts are joined to make systems. These systems are the fuel system, intake system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system and exhaust system. Each of these systems has a definite function. These systems will discussed in detail later.NEW WORDPiston 活塞 Connecting rod 连杆Crankshaft 曲轴 Power stoke 活塞行程Expel 排出 Valve 气阀inlet(intake) valve 进气阀 exhaust valve 排气阀term 术语 TDC 上止点BDC 下止点 Bore 缸径swept volume 有效容积 engine capacity 发动机排量clearance volume 余隙容积,燃烧室容积 compression ratio 压缩比revolution 旋转,转数 every other 每隔一个cycle 循环 spread over 分布,遍及intake stroke 进气行程 compression stroke 压缩行程knock 敲缸,敲打 exhaust stroke 排气行程engine block 发动机缸体 lubrication 润滑2.2 Engine Block and Cylinder Head2.2.1 Engine BlockThe engine block is the basic frame of the engine. All other engine parts either fit insideit or fasten to it. It holds the cylinders, water jackets, and oil galleries. The engine block also holds the crankshaft, which fastens to the bottom of the block. The camshaft also fits inside the block, except on overhead-cam engines (OHC). In most cars, this block is made of gray iron, or an alloy (mixture) of gray iron and other metals, such as nickel or chromium. Engine blocks are castings.Some engine blocks, especially those in smaller cars, are made of cast aluminum. This metal is much lighter than iron. However, iron wears better than aluminum. Therefore, the cylinders in most aluminum engines are lined with iron or steel sleeves. These sleeves are called cylinder sleeves. Some engine blocks are made entirely of aluminum.2.2.2 Cylinder HeadThe cylinder head fastens to the top of the block, just as a roof fits over a house. The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston. The most common cylinder head types are the hemi, wedge, and semi-hemi. All three of these terms refer to the shape of the engine's combustion chamber. The cylinder head carries the valves, valve springs and the rockers on the rocker shaft, this part of the valve gear being worked by the push-rods. Sometimes the camshaft is fitted directly into the cylinder head and operates on the valves without rockers. This is called an overhead camshaft arrangement. Like the cylinder block, the head is made from either cast iron or aluminum alloy.2.2.3 GasketThe cylinder head is attached to the block with high-tensile steel studs. The joint between the block and the head must be gas-tight so that none of the burning mixture can escape. This is achieved by using cylinder head gasket. This is a sandwich gasket, i.e. a sheet of asbestos between two sheets of copper, both these materials being able to withstand the high temperature and pressures within the engine.2.2.4 Oil Pan or SumpThe oil pan is usually formed of pressed steel. The oil pan and the lower part of the cylinder block together are called the crankcase; they enclose, or encase, the crankshaft. The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus, there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.New Wordsengine block 缸体 cylinder head 气缸盖 fasten 使固定water jacket 水套 oil gallery 油道 camshaft 凸轮轴overhead-cam(OHC) 顶置凸轮 gray iron 灰铸铁 alloy 合金nickel 镍 chromium 铬 casting 铸件head cover 汽缸盖罩 intake manifold 进气总管 distributor 分电器oil pan 油底壳 aluminum 铝 be lined with 镶有cylinder sleeve 气缸套 hemi 半球形 wedge 楔型，楔入semi-hemi 准半球形 rocker 摇臂 push-rod 推杆gasket 衬垫 high-tensile 高强度的 stud 螺栓gas-tight 密封的 asbestos 石棉 crankcase 曲轴箱，曲柄箱encase 封闭，把…包起来 drain off 排出，流出Review Question1.What do TDC, BDC, stroke, compression ratio and engine capacity stand for?2.How do you calculate swept volume and compression ratio?3.What controls the length of the stroke?4.List the main parts of the engine overall mechanics?5.What are the main function of the engine block?2.3 Piston Connecting Rod and Crankshaft2.3.1 Piston AssemblyThe piston is an important part of a four-stroke cycle engine. Most pistons are made from cast aluminum. The piston , through the connecting rod, transfers to the crankshaft the force create by the burning fuel mixture. This force turns the crankshaft .Thin, circular , steel bands fit into grooves around the piston to seal the bottom of the combustion chamber. These bands are called piston rings. The grooves into which they fit are called ring grooves. A piston pin fits into a round hole in the piston . The piston pin joins the piston to the connecting rod . The thick part of the piston that holds the piston is the pin boss.The piston itself , its rings and the piston pin are together called the piston assembly.2.3.2.PistonTo withstand the heat of the combustion chamber, the piston must be strong. It also must be light, since it travels at high speeds as it moves up and down inside the cylinder. The piston is hollow. It is thick at the top where it take the brunt of the heat and the expansion force. It is thin at the bottom, where there is less heat. The top part of the piston is the head , or crown . The thin part is the skirt The sections between the ring grooves are called ring lands.The piston crown may be flat , concave ,dome or recessed . In diesel engine , the combustion chamber may be formed totally or in part in the piston crown , depending on the method of injection . So they use pistons with different shapes.2.3.3Piston RingsAs Fig.2-9 shows , piston rings fit into ring grooves near the of the piston. In simplest terms, piston rings are thin, circular pieces of metal that fit into grooves in the tops of the pistons.In modern engines ,each piston has three rings. (Piston in older engines sometimes had four rings, or even five.) The ring’s outside surface presses against the cylinder walls. Rings provide the needed seal between the piston and the cylinder walls. That is, only the rings contact the cylinder walls. The top two rings are to keep the gases inthe cylinder and are called compression rings. The lower one prevents the oil splashed onto the cylinder bore from entering the combustion chamber , and is called an oil ring. Chrome-face cast-iron compression rings are commonly used in automobile engines. The chrome face provide a very smooth , wear-resistant surface.During the power stoke , combustion pressure on the combustion rings is very high. It causes them to untwist . Some of the high-pressure gas gets in back of the rings. This force the ring face into full contact with the cylinder wall. The combustion pressure also holds the bottom of the ring tightly against the bottom of the ring groove. Therefore , high combustion pressure causes a tighter seal between the ring face and the cylinder wall.2.3.4 Piston PinThe piston pin holds together the piston and the connecting rod . This pin fits into the piston pin holes and into a hole in the top end of the connecting rod. The top end of is much smaller than the end that fits on the crankshaft . This small end fits inside the bottom of the piston . The piston pin fits through one side of the piston , through the small end of the rod , and then through the other side of the piston . It holds the rod firmly in place in the center of the piston. Pins are made of high-strengh steel and have a hollow center . Many pins are chrome-plated to help them wear better.2.3.3 Connecting rodThe connecting rod is made of forgedhigh-strength steel . It transmits and motion from the piston to the crankpin on the crankshaft . The connecting rod little end is connected to the piston pin . A bush made from a soft metal , such as bronze , is used for this joint . The lower end of the connecting rod fits the crankshaft journal . This is called the big end . For this big-end bearing , steel-backed lead or tin shell bearing are used . These are the same as those used for the main bearings . The split of the big end is sometimes at an angle , so that it is small enough to be withdrawn through the cylinder bore . The connecting rod is made from forged alloy steel .2.3.5 CrankshaftThe crankshaft , in conjunction with the connecting rod , coverts the reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotary motion needed to drive the vehicle . It is usually made from carbon steel which is alloyed with a small proportion of nickel .The main bearing journals fit into the cylinder block and the big end journals align with the connecting rods .At the rear end of the crankshaft is attached the flywheel , and at the front end are the driving whells for the timing gears , fan , cooling water and alternator .The throw of the crankshaft , the distance between the main journal and the big end centers , controls the length of the stroke . The stroke is double the throw , and the stroke-length is the distance that the piston travels from TDC to BDC and vice versa .2.3.6 FlywheelThe flywheel is the made from carbon steel . It fit s onto the rear of the crankshaft . As well as keeping the engine rotating between power strokes it also carries the clutch , which transmits the drive to the transmission , and has the starter ring gear around itscircumference . There is only one working stroke in four so a flywheel is needed to drive the crankshaft during the time that the engine is performing the non-power strokes .New WordsComprise 由。

CHAPTER 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS1.1 Principal ComponentsToday's average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment.1.2 EngineThe engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine :gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel(also called a compression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission.1.3 BodyAn automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck builtinto it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle.1.4 ChassisThe chassis is an assembly of those systems that are the major operating part of a vehicle. The chassis includes the transmission, suspension, steering, and brake systems.Transmission systems ― conveys the drive to the wheels. The main components are clutch, gearbox, driveshaft, final drive, and differential.Suspension― absorbs the road shocks.Steering― controls the direction of the movement.Brake― slows down the vehi cle.1.5 Electrical EquipmentThe electrical system supplies electricity for the ignition, horn, lights, heater, and starter. The electricity level is maintained by a charging circuit. This circuit consists of the battery, alternator (or generator). The battery stores electricity. The alternator changes the engine's mechanical energy into electrical energy and recharges the battery.New WordsPrincipal component 主要部件category 种类，类型body 车身chassis 底盘layout 布置power unit 动力装置internal combustion engine 内燃机cylinder 汽缸gasoline 汽油spark 火ignition 点燃，点火diesel 柴油机compression 压缩shaft 轴transmission 传动系sheet metal 金属板shell 外壳hood （发动机）罩trunk deck 行李舱盖cargo 货物styling 样式assembly 总成，装配suspension 悬挂，悬置shock 冲击steering 转向，操纵brake 刹车，制动器clutch 离合器gearbox 变速器driveshaft 传动轴final drive 主减速器，后桥differential 差速器slow down （使）慢下来，减速horn 喇叭starter 起动机charge 充电alternator 交流发电机Review Questions1. List the main parts of an automobile?2. What are the common types of a vehicle according to body styling?3. Which systems does a chassis include and what are the main functions of the chassis?4. Why are suspension systems used on vehicles?CHAPTER2 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE2.1 principle of operation2.1.1 Engine and powerEngine is used to produce power. The chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate. This process is called combustion. If engine combustion occurs with the power chamber. ,the engine is called internal combustion engine. If combustion takes place outside the cylinder, the engine is called an external combustion engine.Engine used in automobiles are internal combustion heat engines. Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases with the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power.2.1.2 Engine TermsLinking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke “uses up” the gas , so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture :this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves ;an inlet valve allows the new mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job. Engine terms are :TDC(Top Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft.BDC(Bottom Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft.Stroke : the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft.Bore : the internal diameter of the cylinder.Swept volume : the volume between TDC and BDC.Engine capacity : this is the swept volume of all the cylinder e.g. a four-stroke having a capacity of two liters(2000cm) has a cylinder swept volume of 50cm.Clearance volume: the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC. Compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)\(clearance vol)Two-stroke : a power stroke every revolution of the crank.Four-stroke : a power stroke every other revolution of the crank..2.1.3 The Four-stroke Spark-ignition Engine CycleThe spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in ignition, which converts the energy contained in the fuel to kinetic energy.The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes. To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft.The operating strokes are :This stroke introduces a mixture of atomized gasoline and air into the cylinder. The stroke starts when the piston moves downward from a position near the top of the cylinder. As the piston moves downward, a vacuum, or low-pressure area, is created.During the intake stroke, one of the ports is opened by moving the inlet valve. The exhaustvalve remains tightly closed.Compression strokeAs the piston moves upward to compress the fuel mixture trapped in the cylinder, the valves are closed tightly. This compression action heats the air/fuel mixture slightly and confines it within a small area called the combustion chamber.Power strokeJust before the piston reaches the top of its compression stroke, an electrical spark is introduced from a spark plug screwed into the cylinder head.The spark ignites the compressed, heated mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber to cause rapid burning. The burning fuel produces intense heat that causes rapid expansion of the gases compressed within the cylinder. This pressure forces the piston downward. The downward stroke turns the crankshaft with great force.Exhaust strokeJust before the bottom of the power stroke, the exhaust valve opens. This allows the piston, as it moves upward, to push the hot, burned gases out through the open exhaust valve.Then, just before the piston reaches its highest point, the exhaust valve closes and the inlet valve opens. As the piston reaches the highest point in the cylinder, known as TDC, it starts back down again. Thus, one cycle ends and another begins immediately.2.1.4 Engine Overall MechanicsThe engine has hundreds of other parts . The major parts of engine are engine block , engine heads, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft and valves. The other parts are joined to make systems. These systems are the fuel system, intake system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system and exhaust system. Each of these systems has a definite function. These systems will discussed in detail later.NEW WORDPiston 活塞Connecting rod 连杆Crankshaft 曲轴Power stoke 活塞行程Expel 排出Valve 气阀inlet(intake) valve 进气阀exhaust valve 排气阀term 术语TDC 上止点BDC 下止点Bore 缸径swept volume 有效容积engine capacity 发动机排量clearance volume 余隙容积,燃烧室容积compression ratio 压缩比revolution 旋转,转数every other 每隔一个cycle 循环spread over 分布,遍及intake stroke 进气行程compression stroke 压缩行程knock 敲缸,敲打exhaust stroke 排气行程engine block 发动机缸体lubrication 润滑2.2 Engine Block and Cylinder Head2.2.1 Engine BlockThe engine block is the basic frame of the engine. All other engine parts either fit inside it or fasten to it. It holds the cylinders, water jackets, and oil galleries. The engine block also holdsthe crankshaft, which fastens to the bottom of the block. The camshaft also fits inside the block, except on overhead-cam engines (OHC). In most cars, this block is made of gray iron, or an alloy (mixture) of gray iron and other metals, such as nickel or chromium. Engine blocks are castings.Some engine blocks, especially those in smaller cars, are made of cast aluminum. This metal is much lighter than iron. However, iron wears better than aluminum. Therefore, the cylinders in most aluminum engines are lined with iron or steel sleeves. These sleeves are called cylinder sleeves. Some engine blocks are made entirely of aluminum.2.2.2 Cylinder HeadThe cylinder head fastens to the top of the block, just as a roof fits over a house. The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston. The most common cylinder head types are the hemi, wedge, and semi-hemi. All three of these terms refer to the shape of the engine's combustion chamber. The cylinder head carries the valves, valve springs and the rockers on the rocker shaft, this part of the valve gear being worked by the push-rods. Sometimes the camshaft is fitted directly into the cylinder head and operates on the valves without rockers. This is called an overhead camshaft arrangement. Like the cylinder block, the head is made from either cast iron or aluminum alloy.2.2.3 GasketThe cylinder head is attached to the block with high-tensile steel studs. The joint between the block and the head must be gas-tight so that none of the burning mixture can escape. This is achieved by using cylinder head gasket. This is a sandwich gasket, i.e. a sheet of asbestos between two sheets of copper, both these materials being able to withstand the high temperature and pressures within the engine.2.2.4 Oil Pan or SumpThe oil pan is usually formed of pressed steel. The oil pan and the lower part of the cylinder block together are called the crankcase; they enclose, or encase, the crankshaft. The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus, there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.New Wordsengine block 缸体cylinder head 气缸盖fasten 使固定water jacket 水套oil gallery 油道camshaft 凸轮轴overhead-cam(OHC) 顶置凸轮gray iron 灰铸铁alloy 合金nickel 镍chromium 铬casting 铸件head cover 汽缸盖罩intake manifold 进气总管distributor 分电器oil pan 油底壳aluminum 铝be lined with 镶有cylinder sleeve 气缸套hemi 半球形wedge 楔型，楔入semi-hemi 准半球形rocker 摇臂push-rod 推杆gasket 衬垫high-tensile 高强度的stud 螺栓gas-tight 密封的asbestos 石棉crankcase 曲轴箱，曲柄箱encase 封闭，把…包起来drain off 排出，流出Review Question1. What do TDC, BDC, stroke, compression ratio and engine capacity stand for?2. How do you calculate swept volume and compression ratio?3. What controls the length of the stroke?4. List the main parts of the engine overall mechanics?5. What are the main function of the engine block?2.3 Piston Connecting Rod and Crankshaft2.3.1 Piston AssemblyThe piston is an important part of a four-stroke cycle engine. Most pistons are made from cast aluminum. The piston , through the connecting rod, transfers to the crankshaft the force create by the burning fuel mixture. This force turns the crankshaft .Thin, circular , steel bands fit into grooves around the piston to seal the bottom of the combustion chamber. These bands are called piston rings. The grooves into which they fit are called ring grooves. A piston pin fits into a round hole in the piston . The piston pin joins the piston to the connecting rod . The thick part of the piston that holds the piston is the pin boss.The piston itself , its rings and the piston pin are together called the piston assembly.2.3.2.PistonTo withstand the heat of the combustion chamber, the piston must be strong. It also must be light, since it travels at high speeds as it moves up and down inside the cylinder. The piston is hollow. It is thick at the top where it take the brunt of the heat and the expansion force. It is thin at the bottom, where there is less heat. The top part of the piston is the head , or crown . The thin part is the skirt The sections between the ring grooves are called ring lands.The piston crown may be flat , concave ,dome or recessed . In diesel engine , the combustion chamber may be formed totally or in part in the piston crown , depending on the method of injection . So they use pistons with different shapes.2.3.3Piston RingsAs Fig.2-9 shows , piston rings fit into ring grooves near the of the piston. In simplest terms, piston rings are thin, circular pieces of metal that fit into grooves in the tops of the pistons.In modern engines ,each piston has three rings. (Piston in older engines sometimes had four rings, or even five.) The ring‟s outside surface presses against the cylinder walls. Rings provide the needed seal between the piston and the cylinder walls. That is, only the rings contact the cylinder walls. The top two rings are to keep the gases in the cylinder and are called compression rings. The lower one prevents the oil splashed onto the cylinder bore from entering the combustion chamber , and is called an oil ring. Chrome-face cast-iron compression rings are commonly used in automobile engines. The chrome face provide a very smooth , wear-resistant surface.During the power stoke , combustion pressure on the combustion rings is very high. It causes them to untwist . Some of the high-pressure gas gets in back of the rings. This force the ring face into full contact with the cylinder wall. The combustion pressure also holds the bottom of the ring tightly against the bottom of the ring groove. Therefore , high combustion pressure causes a tighter seal between the ring face and the cylinder wall.2.3.4 Piston PinThe piston pin holds together the piston and the connecting rod . This pin fits into the piston pin holes and into a hole in the top end of the connecting rod. The top end of is much smaller than the end that fits on the crankshaft . This small end fits inside the bottom of the piston . The piston pin fits through one side of the piston , through the small end of the rod , and then through the other side of the piston . It holds the rod firmly in place in the center of the piston. Pins are made of high-strengh steel and have a hollow center . Many pins are chrome-plated to help them wear better.2.3.3 Connecting rodThe connecting rod is made of forgedhigh-strength steel . It transmits and motion from the piston to the crankpin on the crankshaft . The connecting rod little end is connected to the piston pin . A bush made from a soft metal , such as bronze , is used for this joint . The lower end of the connecting rod fits the crankshaft journal . This is called the big end . For this big-end bearing , steel-backed lead or tin shell bearing are used . These are the same as those used for the main bearings . The split of the big end is sometimes at an angle , so that it is small enough to be withdrawn through the cylinder bore . The connecting rod is made from forged alloy steel .2.3.5 CrankshaftThe crankshaft , in conjunction with the connecting rod , coverts the reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotary motion needed to drive the vehicle . It is usually made from carbon steel which is alloyed with a small proportion of nickel .The main bearing journals fit into the cylinder block and the big end journals align with the connecting rods .At the rear end of the crankshaft is attached the flywheel , and at the front end are the driving whells for the timing gears , fan , cooling water and alternator .The throw of the crankshaft , the distance between the main journal and the big end centers , controls the length of the stroke . The stroke is double the throw , and the stroke-length is the distance that the piston travels from TDC to BDC and vice versa .2.3.6 FlywheelThe flywheel is the made from carbon steel . It fit s onto the rear of the crankshaft . As well as keeping the engine rotating between power strokes it also carries the clutch , which transmits the drive to the transmission , and has the starter ring gear around its circumference . There is only one working stroke in four so a flywheel is needed to drive the crankshaft during the time that the engine is performing the non-power strokes .New WordsComprise 由。

汽车构造英汉对照词汇总论汽车automobile拖拉机tractor铁路机车locomotive有轨电车tram无轨电车trolley军用车辆military vehicle 蒸汽机steam engine煤气机gas engine汽油机gasoline engine国民经济national economy 国内生产总值(GDP) Gross Domestic Production全拆散(CKD) Completely Knock Down半拆散(SKD) Semi-Knock Down改革开放reform and opening技术引进technical import 国产化localization支柱产业pillar estate轿车car客车bus, coach货车truck, lorry公路用车road vehicle非公路用车off-road vehicle发动机engine机体engine body曲柄连杆机构crank-connecting rod mechanism配气机构valve timing mechanism供给系fuel supply system 冷却系cooling system润滑系lubricating system 点火系ignition system起动系starting system底盘chassis传动系power train 离合器clutch变速器gear box传动轴propeller shaft驱动桥drive axle行驶系running gear车架frame悬架suspension前轴front axle桥壳axle housing车轮wheel转向系steering system转向盘steering wheel转向器steering gear转向传动装置steeringlinkage助力装置power assistingdevice制动系braking system控制装置control device供能装置power supplydevice传动装置transfer device制动器brake车身body车前板制件front endpanels车身壳体body shell车门door车窗window附属装置auxiliary device货箱carrying platform发动机前置后轮驱动(FR)front engine rear drive发动机前置前轮驱动(FF)front engine front drive发动机后置后轮驱动(RR)rear engine rear drive发动机中置后轮驱动(MR)midship engine rear drive全轮驱动(nWD) all wheeldrive驱动力tractive force阻力resistance滚动阻力rolling resistance空气阻力air resistance,drag上坡阻力gradientresistance附着作用adhesion附着力adhesive force附着系数coefficient ofadhesion第一章发动机工作原理二冲程发动机two strokeengine四冲程发动机four strokeengine水冷发动机water cooledengine风冷发动机air cooledengine上止点(UDP) upper deadpoint下止点(LDP) lower deadpoint活塞行程stroke汽缸直径bore工作容积working volume排量swept volume,displacement进气行程intake stroke压缩行程compressionstroke压缩比compression ratio做功行程working stroke爆燃，敲缸detonation,knock排气行程exhaust stroke示功图indicating diagram汽缸体cylinder block汽缸盖cylinder head油底壳oil sump活塞piston连杆connecting rod曲轴crankshaft飞轮flywheel进气门intake valve排气门exhaust valve挺柱tappet推杆push rod摇臂rocker凸轮轴camshaft正时齿轮timing gear燃油箱fuel tank燃油泵fuel pump汽油滤清器gasoline filter 化油器carburetor空气滤清器air cleaner进气管intake manifold排气管exhaust manifold火花塞spark plug点火线圈ignition coil断电器breaker蓄电池storage battery发电机generator水泵water pump散热器radiator风扇fan放水阀drain valve水套water jacket分水管distributive pipe机油泵oil pump集滤器suction filter限压阀relief valve润滑油道oil passage机油滤清器oil filter机油冷却器oil cooler起动机starting motor有效功率effective power有效转矩effective torque 燃油消耗率specific fuel consumption发动机转速特性enginespeed characteristic节气门开度throttlepercentage部分特性partial characteristic外特性outer characteristic 第二章曲柄连杆机构汽缸套cylinder sleeve, cylinder liner 发动机支承enginemounting活塞顶piston top活塞头部piston head活塞裙piston skirt开槽slot活塞环piston ring气环compression ring油环oil ring环槽groove活塞销piston pin主轴承main bearing主轴承盖main bearing cap主轴瓦main shell连杆轴承big end bearing连杆盖big end cap起动爪cranking claw带轮pulley平衡重counter weight发火顺序firing order扭振减振器torsionalvibration damper第三章配气机构顶置气门(OHV) OverHead V alve顶置凸轮轴(OHC) OverHead Camshaft单顶置凸轮轴(SOHC)Single Over Head Camshaft双顶置凸轮轴(DOHC)Dual Over Head Camshaft多气门发动机multi-valveengine气门间隙valve clearance配气相位timing phase气门杆valve stem气门座valve seat气门导管valve guide气门弹簧valve spring第四章汽油机供给系可燃混合气combustionmixture消声器silencer, muffler汽油gasoline, petrol分馏distil蒸发性evaporatingproperty热值heat value抗爆性anti-knock property辛烷值(RON) ResearchOctane Number过量空气系数coefficientof excessive air理论混合气theoreticalmixture稀混合气thin mixture浓混合气thick mixture主供油系统main supplysystem怠速系统idle system加浓系统thickening system加速系统acceleratingsystem浮子float浮子室float chamber针阀needle valve量孔metering jet阻风门choke滤芯filter cartridge沉淀杯sediment cup泵膜pump diaphragm油浴式oil bath type石棉垫a**estos pad预热pre-heating汽油直接喷射gasolinedirect injection电控electronic control多点喷射muti-pointinjection单点喷射single pointinjection电路控制circuit control分电器信号distributorsignal空气流量信号airflowsignal冷却水温信号watertemperature signal第五章柴油机供给系输油泵transfer pump喷油泵fuel injection pump 高压油管high pressure fuelpipe发火性ignition property黏度viscosity凝点condensing point备燃期pri-combustion period速燃期rapid combustion period缓燃期slow combustion period燃烧室combustion chamber统一燃烧室united chamber 球形燃烧室ball shape chamber涡流室turbulence chamber 预燃室pri-combustion chamber喷油器injector精密偶件precise couple柱塞plunger出油阀delivery valve调速器governor两速调速器two speed governor全速调速器full speed governor定速调速器fixed speedgovernor综合调速器combined governor气动调速器pneumatic governor机械离心式调速器mechanical centrifugal governor复合式调速器complex governor喷油提前角调节装置advancer 飞块flyweight联轴节coupling粗滤清器primary filter细滤清器secondary filter涡轮增压器turbocharger中间冷却器intermediatecooler第七章冷却系节温器thermostat防冻液anti-freezing liquid补偿水桶compensationreservoirV-带V belt百叶窗shutter大循环big circulation小循环small circulation散热翅片fins第八章润滑系润滑剂lubricant压力润滑pressurelubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication润滑脂grease机油压力传感器oilpressure sensor油封oil seal旁通阀bypass valve机油散热器oil cooler机油尺dip stick加机油口oil filler曲轴箱通风crankcaseventilation第九章点火系一次绕组primary winding二次绕组secondarywinding热敏电阻heat sensitiveresistance点火提前ignition advance分电器distributor活动触点moving contact固定触点fixed contact分火头distributor rotor arm电容器condenser点火提前装置ignitionadvancer离心式点火提前装置centrifugal ignition advancer真空式点火提前装置vacuum ignition advancer辛烷值校正器octanenumber rectifier中心电极central electrode侧电极side electrode瓷绝缘体ceramic insulator跳火间隙spark gap半导体点火系semi-conductor ignitionsystem晶体管transistor二极管diode三极管triode无触点点火系non-contactignition system霍尔效应Hall effect正极板anode负极板cathode隔板separator电解液electrolyte蓄电池格battery cell接线柱terminal电缆cable硅整流交流发电机siliconrectified A.C. motor转子rotor定子stator电刷brush风扇叶轮fan blade电压调节器voltageregulator第十章起动系手摇起动cranking电热塞electric heater plug串激直流发电机serialwound D.C. motor起动齿圈starter ring电磁操纵机构electro-magnetic control第十一章新型发动机三角活塞triangular piston 转子发动机rotary engine 自转rotary motion, rotation 公转orbit motion轨迹trajectory齿轮gear齿圈ring gear往复零件reciprocal parts动平衡dynamic balance燃气涡轮发动机gas turbine第十二章汽车传动系机械式传动系mechanical transmission液力机械式传动系hydro-mechanical transmission静液式传动系static-hydraulic transmission 电力式传动系electrical transmission自动式传动系automatic transmission减速reduction可变速比variable ratios有级变速definite ratios无级变速indefinite ratios 无级变速器(CVT) Continuously V ariable Transmission一般布置general layout发动机横置lateral engine positioning分动器transfer case, transfer box第十三章离合器接合柔和smooth engagement分离彻底thorough separation过载overload摩擦表面friction surface摩擦衬片friction liner 毂hub主动部分driving part从动部分driven part花键spline压盘pressure plate离合器盖cover plate分离杠杆release lever分离套筒release sleeve分离轴承release bearing主缸master cylinder工作缸working cylinder分离叉release fork间隙调整clearanceadjustment打滑slip踏板pedal踏板自由行程pedal freestroke踏板工作行程pedalworking stroke铆钉，铆接rivet双片离合器dual disc clutch中央弹簧离合器centralspring clutch膜片弹簧离合器diaphragmspring clutch非线性non-linear第十四章变速器与分动器输入轴（第一轴）input shaft,drive shaft输出轴（第二轴）output shaft,main shaft中间轴counter shaft倒挡轴reverse gear shaft常啮合constant mesh低速挡low gear高速挡high gear最高速挡top gear空挡neutral gear一挡the first gear二挡the second gear三挡the third gear倒挡reverse gear直接挡direct gear超速挡overdrive动力输出power take-off换挡shift啮合套sliding sleeve同步器synchronizer同步锥面synchro cone变速杆shifting lever手柄handle球铰链ball joint换挡拨叉shifting fork自锁self-lock互锁inter-lock变速驱动桥transaxle加力挡low gear第十五章液力机械传动液力偶合器hydrauliccoupling泵轮impeller涡轮turbine叶片blade液力变矩器torqueconverter导轮stator行星齿轮系planetary gearsystem太阳轮sun gear行星轮planet pinion行星架planet carrier齿圈ring gear第十六章传动轴万向节universal joint,U-joint十字轴式万向节Cardantype U-joint叉子yoke, fork十字轴spider, center cross滚针轴承needle bearing滑脂嘴（油嘴）lubricatingfitting, nipple等角速constant angularvelocity双联式万向节dual Cardantype U-joint球叉式万向节Weiss typeU-joint球笼式万向节Rzeppa typeU-joint星形套inner race housing 球形壳outer race shell保持架，球笼retainer, ball cage挠性万向节flexible U-joint无缝钢管seamless steel tube第十七章驱动桥主减速器final drive主动（小）齿轮drive pinion从动（大）齿轮ring gear 伞齿轮bevel gear双曲面齿轮hypoid gear单级减速single reduction 双级减速double reduction 贯通式主减速器penetrable final drive双速主减速器double gear (speed) final drive轮边减速器wheel reduction差速器differential半轴齿轮differential side gear差速锁differential lock轴间差速器inter-axle differential lock托森差速器torque sensitive differential半轴axle shaft全浮式半轴float type axle shaft半浮式半轴semi-float type axle shaft桥壳axle housing桥壳后盖final drive rear cover第十八章行驶系行驶系running gear车架frame车桥，车轴axle 悬架suspension半履带式汽车semi-caterpillar vehicle第十九章车架边梁式车架ladder typeframe纵梁side rail横梁cross member保险杠bumper托架bracket支承support拖钩tow hook中梁式车架backbone typeframe桁架式车架lattice typeframe第二十章车桥和车轮转向桥steering axle桥梁axle beam工字形断面I-section转向节knuckle主销king pin轮毂wheel hub转向轮定位steering wheelalignment主销后倾caster主销内倾king pininclination前轮外倾camber前轮前束toe-in转向驱动桥steering anddriving axle支持桥support axle轮辋rim轮辐spoke车轮装饰罩hub cap轮胎tyre, tire胎冠crown, tread花纹pattern胎侧side wall帘布层cord, ply尼龙，锦纶nylon带束层belted layer内胎tube垫带protector胎圈bead气门嘴bleed valve气门芯valve core子午线轮胎radial tire无内胎轮胎tubeless tire刺穿puncture备胎spare tire第二十一章悬架弹性元件spring, elasticelement减振器sock absorber导向机构control device横向稳定器（杆）stabilizer,anti-roll bar悬架刚度suspensionstiffness簧载质量sprung mass非簧载质量unsprung mass静挠度static deformation独立悬架independentsuspension车轮上跳（减振器压缩行程）jounce车轮回跳（减振器伸张行程）rebound双向作用减振器doubleaction shock absorber单向作用减振器singleaction shock absorber筒式减振器telescopicshock absorber吊环link ring工作缸working cylinder贮油缸reservoir流通阀（进液阀）intakevalve伸张阀rebound valve压缩阀compression valve补偿阀compensation valve充气减振器gas filled shockabsorber压力可调减振器pressureadjustable shock absorber钢板弹簧leaf spring中心螺栓central bolt弹簧夹clip螺旋弹簧coil spring扭杆弹簧torsional bar囊式空气弹簧bellow typeair spring膜式空气弹簧diaphragm type air spring橡胶弹簧rubber spring卷耳spring eye吊耳shackleU形螺栓U-bolt弹簧盖板spring plate副簧auxiliary spring主簧main spring横臂式悬架transversal typesuspension双横臂式悬架double wishbone suspension转向轴线steering axis纵摆臂式trailing arm type 滑柱式strut type麦弗逊式McPhaeson type 平衡悬架tandem axle suspension第二十二章转向系机械（手动）转向系manual steering system转向盘steering wheel转向轴steering shaft转向柱steering column转向传动轴steering drive shaft转向器steering gear直拉杆drag link转向节knuckle转向节臂knuckle arm梯形臂steering arm横拉杆tie rod转向轮偏转角关系steering geometry转弯半径turning radius循环球式转向器recirculating ball steeringgear转向螺杆steering screw转向螺母steering nut齿扇sector齿轮齿条式转向器rackand pinion steering gear蜗杆曲柄指销式转向器worm and crankpin steeringgear动力转向power steering转向油罐steering reservoir转向油泵steering oil pump第二十三章制动系鼓式制动器drum brake制动蹄brake shoe轮缸wheel cylinder制动底板brake base plate调整凸轮adjustable cam制动蹄回位弹簧retainerspring领蹄leading shoe从蹄trailing shoe盘式制动器disc brake制动钳brake calipers制动盘brake disc液压制动系fluid brakingsystem制动液brake fluid制动主缸master cylinder气压制动系pneumaticbraking system空气压缩机air compressor制动气室brake chamber贮气筒reservoir制动阀brake valve气压调节阀air pressuregovernor伺服制动系servo brakingsystem真空助力器vacuumbooster防抱死制动系(ABS)Anti-lock Braking System辅助制动器auxiliary brake缓速器retarder排气制动exhaust braking第二十四章车身车身壳体body shell非承载式车身separateframe construction承载式车身unitaryconstruction, integral body发动机舱enginecompartment客厢，乘客室passengercompartment行李箱trunk发动机罩hood, bonnet前翼板front fender, frontwing前挡泥板front fender apron前围板dash board, fire wall前风窗windscreen,windshield前围cowl, shroud顶盖roof地板floor panel行李箱盖trunk lid, deck lid后围板rear end panel前柱front pillar, “A”pillar中柱center pillar, “B”pillar后柱rear pillar, “C”pillar上边梁roof rail门槛rocker panel仪表板instrument panel遮阳板sun visor刮水器wiper后视镜rear view mirror门锁door lock玻璃升降器windowregulator密封条weather strip暖气装置heater空调装置air conditioner座椅seat头枕head restraint安全带safety seat belt钢化玻璃toughened glass 夹层玻璃laminated glass货箱carrying platform边板side board后板tail board前板head board地板，底板floor board栓杆tightening latch第二十五章附属设备车速表speedometer里程表mileage recorder机油压力表oil pressuregauge燃油表fuel gauge水温表water temperaturegauge电流表ammeter前大灯head lamp转向指示灯turning indicator制动信号灯braking signal light报警信号装置warning signal附表一般工程词汇长度length宽度width高度height深度depth距离distance间隙clearance位移displacement面积area体积volume重量weight质量mass比重specific gravity密度density时间time周期period加速度velocity, speed重力加速度acceleration of gravity力force合力resultant分力component力矩moment转矩torque, twistingmoment弯矩bending moment压强pressure大气压atmosphericpressure声压级(SPL) SoundPressure Level应力stress应变strain变形deformation拉伸stretching压缩compressing弯曲bending扭转twisting强度strength刚度stiffness硬度hardness黏度viscosity运动黏度kinematicviscosity能量energy动能kinetic energy位能potential energy功work功率power温度temperature热heat热容量thermal capacity比热specific heat热功当量Joule’sequivalent传热系数coefficient of heattransfer加热heating冷却cooling膨胀expansion固体solid液体liquid气体gas蒸发evaporation溶解dissolve融化melt凝结condensation凝固solidification电路electric circuit串联serial connection并联parallel connection电荷electric charge电压voltage电位potential电流current直流(D.C.) Direct Current交流(A.C.) AlternativeCurrent电阻resistance电容量capacity电容器condenser电感inductance电极electrode正极anode负极cathode电离ionization电解electrolysis电镀electroplating电泳electrophoresis磁场强度magnetic fieldintensity磁通量magnetic flux光通量luminous flux光照度photometricquantity发光强度luminousintensity工程图technical drawing图板drawing board图纸drawing paper描图纸tracing paper投影projection前视图front end view侧视图side view左视图left end view右视图right end view俯视图plan view剖面section剖视section view实线full line虚线broken line, dotted line 点划线chain line尺寸线dimension line方形square长方形rectangle三角形triangle圆形circle内接圆inscribed circle外切圆circumscribed circle 直尺ruler三棱尺triangular scale三角板set square丁字尺tee square, T square 圆规compasses分规divider曲线板curve鸭嘴笔drawing pen锤子hammer斧子ax, axe螺丝刀screw driver扳手wrench, spanner活动扳手adjustable wrench 扳手套筒socket钳子pliers火钳子tongs虎钳vice刀子knife刮刀scraper剪子scissors镊子tweezers夹子clip夹紧器clamp锉刀file凿子，錾子chisel冲子punch锥子awl锯子saw刨子plane钻drill砧铁anvil 直角尺square内卡规inside calipers外卡规outside calipers游标卡尺vernier calipers千分卡尺micrometer guage高度尺height gauge千分表dial indicator水平（泡）尺water level画针盘marking gauge螺纹threads螺栓bolt双头螺柱stud螺钉screw十字槽螺钉cross recessedscrew螺母nut开槽螺母castle nut蝶形螺母fly nut, wing nut垫圈washer弹簧垫圈lock washer开口销split pin, cotter pin键key花键spline直齿齿轮spur gear斜齿齿轮helical gear伞齿轮bevel gear球轴承ball bearing滚子轴承roller bearing滚针轴承needle rollerbearing轴承外圈outer race轴承内圈inner race隔离罩，保持架cage,retainer铸造，铸件casting锻造，锻件forging轧制，轧制件rolling冲压，冲压件stamping焊接，焊缝welding电弧焊arc welding气焊oxyacetylene welding点焊spot welding铆接，铆钉rivet机械加工machine work切削cutting车削turning刨削planing铣削milling钻削drilling绞孔fraising磨削grinding镗削boring拉削broaching抛光polishing热处理heat treatment淬火hardening, quenching退火annealing回火tempering正火normalizing车床lathe龙门刨床planer牛头刨床shaper插床vertical shaper铣床milling machine钻床drilling machine磨床grinder, grindingmachine外圆磨床external grinder内圆磨床internal grinder平面磨床surface grinder镗床boring machine拉床broacher床头箱head stock (gearbox)卡盘，夹盘chuck尾座tail stock走刀箱tool carrier模具die, mold气锤pneumatic hammer压床press刀具cutter车刀，刨刀bite铣刀，绞刀fraise钻头bite磨轮，砂轮grinding wheel夹具fixture, jig本文来自机械工程师家园：http://www.chinamachinis。

汽车行业英语与部件结构图1 ACC activated carbon canister 活性碳罐2 ACI automatic car identification system 汽车自动识别系统3 air cushion car 气垫车4 air-cooled car 空气冷却式汽车,空冷式车辆,空冷式轿车(装用空冷式发动机的轿车)5 APC aperture card 穿孔卡片6 ASU automatic interference suppression for car radios suppresses ignition noise in the FM band 调频干扰自动抑制,在汽车收音机中附加入此电路即可抑制高压点火(噪音)的干扰7 baby car 微型轿车,超微型轿车(美俚语,=mini car,cycle car,midget car);婴儿小车8 backfiring in carburetor 化油器回火(=explosion in the carburetor)9 baggage car 行李车10 brake shoe carrier 制动蹄座11 brush carrier 刷架12 C&M care and maintenance 维修及保养13 C.CARB conventional carburetor 常规化油器14 C.P. car park (停)车场15 C/O carry over 携带16 cable-testing car 电缆检查车17 car aerial 汽车天线(=automobile aerial)18 Car Alarm theft-deterrent system 汽车防窃警报系统19 car antenna 车上天线,车载天线,汽车天线20 car body 轿车车身21 car mechanic 汽车维修工,机动车维修工22 car navigation computer 车用导航计算机,车用导行计算机23 car park 停车场,停车处24 car waiting to repair 待修汽车25 car wander 汽车蛇行26 car wash 洗车台,汽车清洗站27 car wash trade 洗车业28 car washer 洗车设备,洗车机;街道清洗机29 car washing department 洗车工间,车辆清洗工间30 car washing installation 洗衣装置,洗车设备31 car washing installation 洗衣装置,洗车设备32 car washing machine 洗车机33 car with elevator 带升降机车辆,升降机汽车34 car with four independent wheels 四轮独立悬架式轿车35 carb 化油器,汽化器(carburator的简称)36 CARB 1.化油器(carburettor) 2.碳化,渗碳(carbonization)37 carb adjustment 化油器调准,化油器调节38 CARB California Air Resources Board 加里福尼亚大气资源局39 CARB carburetor 化油器,汽化器40 carboard 纸板,硬纸板41 carbon 碳(代号C);碳棒,电刷,石墨,积炭,积碳层42 carbon electrode 碳棒,碳电极43 carbon monoxide 一氧化碳(CO)44 carbonization test (润滑油)积炭试验45 CARE corporate average regulated emission 公司规定的平均有害物排放量46 CARP cooperate automotive research program 汽车合作研究程序47 CARR carriage 车溜板48 CARR carrier 运载工具,载体49 carriage 车辆,车架,支架,托架;(机床的)拖板;机器的滑动部分;底座,底盘;承重装置,承载器;运输,运费50 carriage body 车身51 CARS computer aided routing system 计算机辅助(运输网络中)选线系统52 CART carton 卡片纸53 cartridge 管壳,盒;卡盘,夹头;座;套筒;衬套(过滤器的)芯子;(照像)胶卷;支架54 cartridge fuse 熔断丝管,熔断丝55 cartridge paper 画图纸,图画纸56 CAT carburetor air temperature 化油器空气温度57 CFC chlorofluorocarbons 含氯氟烃(氟属致冷剂)58 CFRC carbon fiber friction material 碳纤维摩擦材料59 CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic 碳纤维强化塑料60 CL car load 车辆载负61 CLCC closed loop carburetor control 闭环化油器控制62 CO carbon monoxide 一氧化碳63 CO2 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳64 COEI carbon-monoxide emission index 一氧化碳排放指数65 COF container-on-flt car 平板车装运集装法,集装箱在平板货车上的运输方法66 convertible car 活顶篷轿车67 COTY car of year 当年(流行)的汽车,年款汽车68 CP car post 停车场69 CPT carpet 地毯70 CR carriage return 回车71 CUCV commercial utility cargo vehicle 商用,轻型,多用途载货汽车72 DCCSC divided-chamber carbureted stratified-charge engine 分隔式燃烧室混合气层状充气发动机73 diaphragm carburettor 膜片式化油器74 diesel-engined passenger car 柴油(发动)机客车,柴油机轿车75 differential carrier 差速器壳(=differential case,differential housing) 76 dismantling from car to units 汽车拆成部件,汽车拆成总成77 drill carriage 钻轴滑座78 ECC electronically controlled carburetor 电子控制的化油器79 ECC-CU (control unit) electronically controlled carburetor control unit 电子控制的化油器控制装置80 EFC electronic fecdback carburetor 电子反馈式控制化油器(电脑根据排气管中O2传感器信号,自动调节空燃比)81 EFC electronic fuel controlled carburetor 电子燃油控制化油器82 EIC carbon emission index 碳排放量指数83 electronically controlled carburetor 电脑控制化油器,电子控制式化油器(简称ECC) 84 electronically controlled carburetor-control unit 电子控制式化油器的电子控制器(简称ECC-Control unit)85 emissions carburetor 防污染化油器86 enclosed cardan shaft 封闭式传动轴(=encased propeller shaft)87 EOHC engine-out hydrocarbon 发动机排出的碳氢化合物88 explosion in carburetor 化油器回火(放炮)89 explosion in the carburettor 化油器回火(=backfiring in carburetor,blowback,popping back)90 exposed cardan shaft 开式万向传动轴;开式甲唐轴91 fast back car 斜背式轿车92 FBC feedback carburetor 反馈控制式化油器93 float carburettor 浮子式化油器94 float of carburettor 化油器,浮子95 forecarriage (挂车)前转向架96 four door convertible car 四门车篷可折叠式轿车97 four-tire car 四轮胎轿车(指使用被尖物刺穿或放炮漏气后仍能继续行驶的轮胎,因而不再需要备用胎的的汽车)98 front-wheel-drive car 前轮驱动轿车(简称f-w-d car)99 fuel-cell car 燃料电池(驱动的)轿车(1996年5月14日,由Mercedes-Benz公司在柏林展出世界上第一辆氢燃料电池轿车,系将甲醇在车上通过一个专门的反应器,产生H2和CO2,接着将H2导入一个聚合物电池,在触媒的作用下,与空气反应,产生H2O和电流,用电流驱动车辆) 100 f-w-d car 前轮驱动轿车(front-wheel drive car)101 general purpose car 万能车,万用车,多用途车,多功能轿车(如全轮驱动的北京切诺基轿车)102 GPC glass carbonate composite 玻璃聚碳酸酯复合材料103 GT grade touring car 跑车104 GT grand touring car 豪华高速旅游车105 H/C fuel hydrogen/carbon ratio 燃油中(烃的)氢碳比106 H/C hydrogen/carbon (烃的)氢碳比107 HC hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物108 H-Carb Hitachi 2Bbl carburetor (日本Hitachi)两腔化油器109 HCEI hydrocarbon emission index 碳氢化合物排放指数110 HCS high carbon steel 高碳钢111 HCSHT high carbon steel heat treated 热处理过的高碳钢112 HPSiC hot-pressed silicon carbide 热压碳化硅113 IFC carb integrated fuel control carburetor 综合控制供油化油器114 implement carrier 机具运载装置,通用机架115 instrument carrier panel 仪表板(=instrument board)116 instrument carrier plate 仪表板(=instrument board)117 insulating carton 绝缘纸板118 intelligent car 智能化汽车,无人驾驶汽车,智能轿车(指运用计算机技术、电子技术、信息技术,使汽车能以最佳路线,最佳工况行驶,且能在自动公路上无人驾驶,自动行驶)119 intercar radio 汽车之间的无线电通讯装置,车间无线电通讯装置120 ISCO indicated specific carbon monoxide 指示马力一氧化碳排放率(量)121 ITC international touring car championship 国际旅游(游览)轿车冠军122 jet carburetor 喷雾式化油器123 KDC knock down car 就地装配的汽车,当地组装的汽车124 KDCL knock down in carloads (货物)以散装状态装车125 laggage carrier (车内)行李架,行李搬运车(=bag-gage carrier)126 lamp carrier 灯座127 LCL less-than-carload 零担的(货运) 128 lining of car 车身衬里129 load-carrying 承载负荷的,承载的,承重的130 long base car 长轴距轿车131 luggage carrier 行李箱,行李架132 luggage carrier extension (汽车)行李架的延长部分133 luggage carrying capacity 行包承载能力,行李容量(=luggage capacity)134 M.CARB modified carburetor 改进的化油器135 main carburettor 主化油器136 microprocessor controlled car 微机控制轿车(一般指微机控制点火、喷油、变速的轿车) 137 motor car mechanic(ian) 轿车技工,轿车技师,轿车机械技术员(=automobile mechanic) 138 motorcar headlamp 汽车前照灯(=automobile headlamp)139 motorcar horn 汽车喇叭,轿车用喇叭140 motorcar owner 轿车车主141 motorcar radio set 汽车收音机(亦称motorcar set)142 motorcar repair shop 汽车修理场,轿车修理车间,轿车检修站143 motorcar rim 小汽车轮辋,轿车轮辋144 motorcar set 轿车收音机(=autoradio,automobile radio set,car radio receiver,car radio set,automobilereceiver)145 mounted load carrier 悬挂式装载车146 multicylinder car 多缸发动机汽车147 multi-nozzle carburetor 多喷油嘴式化油器(指化油器除主喷油嘴外,还有辅助喷油嘴,以适应高速、加速等工况用)148 multi-throat carburetor 多腔化油器(=multibarrel,carburetor)149 NFB non feedback carburetor 无反馈式化油器150 Nissan Bluebird car 日产鸟蓝轿车(日本)日产公司1992年推出两种不同车身的蓝鸟轿车ARX-G,SSS-G,装用4缸发动机,排量2000ml,最大功率107kw,前轮驱动,可在挡风玻璃左上角显示行车速度及有关安全行车的指示)151 Nissan Figaro car 日产费加罗轿车(日本日产公司1991年推出的微型轿车.装用SOHC涡轮增压发动机,排量387ml,最大功率56kW,自动变速,可折叠式软车顶)152 NMHC non-methane hydrocarbon(emission) 不含甲烷的碳氢化合物(排放)153 oil pump carrier 油泵泵壳,油泵托架,油泵小车154 one way car 一次性轿车,便宜轿车,低级轿车155 orthodox car 传统汽车,正统汽车,普通汽车,一般汽车156 PAH poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (发动机的)多环芳香族碳氢化合物(排放物)157 PAH poly-aromatic hydrocarbon (发动机的)芳烃碳氢化合物(排放物)158 passenger(-car)rim 轿车轮辋159 passenger-car chassis 轿车底盘160 passenger-carrying chassis 客车底盘(一般指大客车底盘)161 PC polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯162 PCAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 多环芳香族碳氢化合物163 petrol-electric car 汽油-电动车辆164 PGM-CARB programmed carburetor 可编程的化油器,电脑控制化油器165 piston ring carrier 活塞环槽镶座(=ring carrier)166 planet carrier 行星齿轮架,行星架167 planet wheel carrier 行星齿轮轴架168 planetary gear carrier 行星齿轮架169 planetary pinion carrier (行星齿轮机构的)行星架(=planet carrier)170 popping in carburettor 化油器放炮,化油器回火(back firing in carburettor,popping-back)171 posh car 最漂亮的轿车(英俚),豪华轿车172 premier car company 第一流的轿车公司,名列前矛的汽车公司173 primary carburetor 初级化油器,一级化油器(除高速、大负荷下使用二级化油器外,其他常用工况都使用一级化油器,亦称primary side) 174 RC power car rotary combustion power car 转子发动机汽车175 rear-engine car 后置发动机轿车,发动机后置式汽车176 rear-steering car 后轮转向车177 remoulded car 改造的汽车;改装的汽车;改型汽车178 right hand control car 右转向盘车辆,右座驾驶车辆(用于靠左行驶的国家,=righthand drive car)179 ring groove carbon remover 活塞环槽积炭清除工具180 roof stick carline (木制厢式货车车身的)横顶梁,拱梁181 safety car 安全汽车(指碰撞时,乘员不致遭受重大伤害的轿车,目前处于试验阶段)182 saloon car 普通轿车(双排座轿车,驾驶员座与乘客间无隔板,=closed car,简称saloon,美国称sedan)183 scraped car 报废汽车,废车184 seal cartridge 密封衬套185 secondary carburetor 次级化油器,二级化油器(在高速、大负荷下使用的双级化油器的第二级,亦称secondary side)186 sedan car 轿式小客车,轿车187 semitrailer pole carriage 杆式半挂车188 SHF synthesized hydrocarbon fluid 合成烃润滑189 sightseeing car 游览客车,观光汽车190 SISIC silicon carbide reaction-sintered 反应烧结碳化硅191 solar car 太阳能汽车,太阳能轿车(=solar powered car)192 sonic-nozzle carburetor 声速喷嘴化油器193 spare wheel carrier 备胎架194 special passenger car 特种轿车(特种用途的轿车,如检阅车,指挥车)195 spring carrier 钢板弹簧支架196 spring carrier arm 弹簧托架197 SSIC silicon carbide pressureless-sintered 不加压烧结碳化硅198 steam-powered car 蒸汽动力汽车,蒸汽机汽车199 steam-powered motor-car 蒸汽动力汽车,蒸汽机汽车200 straight-eight car 直列八缸发动机汽车201 streamlined car 流线型汽车202 streetcar detector 有轨电车探测器203 SU carburetor,skinner union SU化油器204 subcarrier 副载波205 subcompact car 普通级轿车,小型轿车,(发动机排量大于IL且小于或等于1,6L)206 super car 超级车,超级汽车(特指使用高级汽油的高压缩比发动机的轿车)207 supercarburize 使混合气过渡208 supercharged car (废气涡轮)增压式汽车209 SV-CBV solenoid valve carburetor bowl vent 化油器浮子室通风电磁阀210 televsion car 电视车211 THC total hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物总量(排放物中)212 tilt car 前翻式驾驶室(tilting cab) 213 tow car 牵引车,拖车;拖走故障车的救援车(=tow truck)214 TPHC tail pipe hydrocarbon 排气尾管碳氢化合物215 track carrying wheel (履带行走装置)托链轮(=carrying wheel,upper track wheel) 216 track scarifier 轮迹消除器,轮辙扒松器217 tracked cars 履带车,履带式车辆218 trunk carrier 行李舱支架,行李搬运车219 twin-choke carburetor 双风门化油器,双阻风门化油器220 two jet carburetor 双喷嘴化油器221 two-door car 双门轿车,两门轿车(左右两侧各一个车门)222 UBHC unburned hydrocarbons (发动机中)未燃尽的碳氢化合物223 under carriage 底架,脚架;起落架,下支架,(车辆的)行走部分(机构)224 unitized car 承载式车身轿车,整体式车身轿车(=frameless car,stressed-skin car,unitary car,single unit car,monocoque car)225 unitized carrier-type axle housing 整体式桥壳(将减速器壳与轴壳的中间部分铸成一体,两端压入无缝钢管后,用塞焊将其与中间部分焊接在一起)226 USE universal small car engine 通用小型车用发动机227 vaporizing carburet(t)or 蒸发式化油器,汽化式化油器228 variable-area carburetor 活动喉管化油器,可变喉管断面化油器(=variable-venturi carburetor)229 variable-choke carburetor 可变喉管化油器(variable-venturi carburetor)230 variable-stability car (专供试验用的)稳定性可变的轿车231 variable-venturi carburetor 可变喉管化油器,活动喉管化油器232 VCC variable characteristic car 可变特性轿车233 VRC variable research car 多变型车234 VTV variable-venturi(carburetor) 可变喉管(化油器)235 VV variable-venturi(carburetor) 可变喉管(化油器)236 WC with care 小心(货运包装标志)237 weight of car 车重(缩写WOC)238 wireless car 带无线电装置的汽车239 WOC weight of car 车重240 WORKCAP working capacity of activated carbon (吸收汽油蒸汽的)活性碳工作容量241 WTCARB weight of activated carbon required 活性碳需求量。

全英文课程汽车构造Studying automotive engineering in an all-English program offers several advantages. Firstly, it provides access to a wealth of resources, research, and literaturein the field of automotive engineering, which is primarily available in English. This enables students to stay updated with the latest advancements and research findings in the automotive industry.Secondly, an all-English automotive engineering program can attract students from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds, fostering a rich and dynamic learning environment. This multicultural exposure can enhance the overall educational experience, encouraging collaboration and the exchange of diverse perspectives.Furthermore, English is the primary language used in the global automotive industry. Proficiency in English is essential for effective communication and collaboration with professionals, researchers, and organizationsworldwide. An all-English automotive engineering program equips students with the language skills necessary tothrive in an international professional setting.Additionally, studying automotive engineering in English can enhance career prospects. Many multinational automotive companies require employees to be proficient in English, and an all-English education can provide a competitive edge in the job market.In conclusion, an all-English automotive engineering program offers access to a wealth of resources, fosters a multicultural learning environment, equips students with essential language skills, and enhances career prospects in the global automotive industry.。

(外部)车身 bodywork引擎盖 bonnet 开关类：Switch外后视镜 wing mirror 蜂鸣器：Buzzer挡风玻璃 windscreen 预热塞：Glow Plug内后视镜 rearview mirror 仪表：Combination Meter雨刮 windscreen wiper 灯泡：Bulb车门 door 灯类：Lamp行李箱 boot 点火线圈：Ignition Coil行李箱车门tailgate 继电器：Relay轮胎 tyre 倒车雷达：Reverse Sensor车轮 wheel 电池充电器：Battery Charger 前灯 headlight 闪光器：Flasher保险杠 bumper 省电器：Energy Saving Unit车牌 licence plate 端子：Terminal转向灯 indicator 电动座椅装置：Power Seat Unit 车顶 roof 马达零件：Motor Components车顶行李架roofrack 电装品：Electrical Parts天窗 sunroof 汽车用光盘：Car CD备用胎 spare tyre 汽车用液晶显示器：Car LCD曲柄 wrench 调整器：Regulator千斤顶 jack 整流器：Rectifier固定螺母 wheel nuts 电子点火器：Ignition Module (内部) 倒车显示器：Rear View Display 安全带 seat belt 定速器：Cruise Controller儿童座椅 child seat HID车灯安定器组合：HID Ballast Complete Set for Headlights后座 back seat LED 灯：LED Lamp扶手 armrest 车灯控制器：Lighting Controller座椅头枕 headrest 点火线圈模块：Ignition Coil Module 门锁 door lock 外装品：Exterior Parts车门把手 handle 水箱饰罩：Radiator Grille方向盘 steering wheel 天线：Antenna喇叭 horn 车身护条：Side Protector仪表盘 dashboard 防撞护垫：Bumper Pad应急灯 hazard lights 后视镜：Door Mirror卫星导航仪satelite navigation 装饰贴纸、标志：Ornament Mark温度计 temperature gauge 轮弧：Fender Trim转速表 rev counter 挡泥板：Mud Guard车速表 speedometer 扰流板：Spoiler油量表 fuel gauge 前防撞杆：Guard Assy (Front)车灯开关 lights switch 后防撞杆：Grard Assy (Rear)里程表 odometer 外装品：Exterior Parts安全气囊 air bag 内装品：Interior Parts变速杆 gearstick 仪表板：Instrument Panel暖风开关 heater controls 中央置物箱：Console汽车音响 car stereo 孔塞：Grommet Plug（机械构造）地毯：Floor Mat挡风玻璃清洗剂容器screen wash reservoir 安全带：Seat Belt量油计 dipstick 车门扶手：Door Armrest空气过滤器 air filter 车门把手：Door Handle制动液容器 brake fluid reservoir 车门锁：Door Lock水管 pipe 车顶内衬：Roof Lining汽缸盖 cylinder head 车窗升降摇柄：Window Lifter Handle冷却剂容器 coolant reservoir 车窗升降机：Window Lifter电池 battery 防水衬条：Weatherstrip散热器 radiator 油量表：Fuel Gauge风扇 fan 门饰板：Door Trim发动机 engine 室内镜：Room Mirror轮毂盖 hubcap 音响喇叭盖：Speaker Cover变速箱 gearbox (电动)座椅：(Electric) Seat传动装置 transmission 顶蓬：Headlining驱动轴 driveshaft 烟灰缸：Ashtray排气管 exhaust pipe 各类隔音垫：All Kinds of Silencer排气消音器 silencer 饰板/饰条：Garnish / Trim汽车悬架 suspension 仪表饰板：Instrument Panel Garnish火花塞 spark plug 遮阳板：Sunvisor风扇皮带 fan belt 压条：Moulding油箱 petrol tank 点烟器：Cigar Lighter点火定时 timing 备胎板：Trim for Spare Tire涡轮增压器 turbocharger 天窗：Sun Roof配电器 distributor 后置物板：Rear Parcel Shelf底盘 chassis 后舱室饰板：Rear Trunk Trim手刹 handbrake 内装品：Interior Parts交流发电机 alternator 仪表板支架：Instrumental Panel Mounting 轮轴皮带 cam belt 其它：Others汽车相关英语词汇（汽车零部件中英文对照表）随车工具：Tools车轮系统：Wheeling System 千斤顶：Jack轮毂：Wheel Hub 尼龙绳、特多龙绳：Nylon Rope轮胎：Tire 生产、检测及涂装设备：Production,Test & Painting Equipment轮胎汽门嘴：Tire Valve 各类孔盖：Cap、Cover轮圈：Wheel Disk 扣具：Cargo Lash轮圈盖：Wheel Cover 夹片、管束：Clamp, Clip内胎(含内衬)：Inner Tire (Flap) 油土与基准模型：Clay Model and Master Model 车轮系统：Wheeling System 油封：Oil Seal电装品：Electrical Parts 门铰链：Door Hinge电瓶：Battery 故障标志：Reflector中央门控：Central Door Lock 玻璃类：Glass分电盘：Distributor 修理业：Repairing & Maintenance火星塞：Spark Plug 粉末冶金：Powder Metallurgy汽车用电子钟：Digital Clock 轴承：Bearing汽车音响：Car Audio 塑料件：Plastic Parts防盗器：Car Burglar Alarm 隔热材：Heat Insulator雨刷及雨刷连杆：Wiper / Linkage 电子件：Electrical Parts保险丝座：Fuse Seat 垫片类：Seal、Gasket、Washer、Packing 保险丝：Fuse 碳刷：Carbon Brush洗涤壶：Windshield Washer 管类：Pipe, Hose, Tube配线：Wire Harness 铜套类：Bushing马达类：Motor 弹簧：Spring高压线组：Ignition Cable 模、夹、治、检具：Die, Fixture, Jig, Checking Gauge喇叭：Horn 橡胶件：Rubber Parts发电机(零件)：Alternator (Components) 帮浦类：Pump锻造件(加工)：Forging Parts (Processing) 螺帽/螺栓/螺丝：Nut/Bolt/Screw 滤清器类：Filter 曳引车：Tractor Truck锁：Lock 消防车：Fire Fighting Truck镜类：Mirror 堆高机：Forklift铸造件(加工)：Casting Parts (Processing) 拖板车：Pallet Truck引擎盖铰链：Hinge of Engine Hood 运钞车：Armor Cash Carrier行李箱铰链：Hinge of Trunk Lid 冷气客车：Air-Conditioned Car 保险杆支撑：Mount of Bumper 冷冻车：Freezer CarCAD/CAM车身设计：CAD/CAM Car Body Design 拖车：Trailer汽车清洁保养用品：Cosmetics for Automobile 车体打造(改装)：Car Body Building (Refitting)涂料：Paints 瓦斯车：LPG Car合成木材：Synthetic Wood 底盘车：Chasis Truck电磁阀：Solenoid Valve 引擎零件 Engine Parts热水阀：Heater Valve 引擎 Engine冷煤电磁阀：Refrigerate Solenoid valve 引擎波司 Engine Bush玻璃滑槽：Glass Run 引擎修理包 Engine Gasket Kits 双面胶带：Acrylic Foam Tape 引擎零件 Engine Parts触媒转换器缓冲绵：Catalytic Converter Mate 凸轮轴 Camshaft黑烟过滤器：Diesel Particle Filter 凸轮轴链轮 Sprocket Camshaft 车用灭火器：Extinguisher 皮带张力器 Tensioner零组件用材料：Components Materials 曲轴 Crankshaft汽车用行动电话：Car Hand-free Mobile Phone 曲轴皮带盘 Crankshaft Pulley 汽车保全系统：Car Security System 曲轴轴承片 Crankshaft Bearing 汽车导航系统：Car Navigation System 汽门 Valve人造革：Artificial Leather 汽门座 Valve Seat铭板：Nameplate 汽门摇臂 Valve Arm汽车用计算机：Car Computer 汽门摇臂盖 Rocker Cover无线电胎压侦测仪：Wireless Tire Monitor汽车内装用牛皮：Leather for Car Interior 汽门弹簧 Valve Spring打蜡机：Buffer (Car Polisher) 汽门导管 Valve Guide金属表面处理(材料)：Metal Surface Treatment汽缸头(盖) Cylinder Head(Material)插接件：Connector Clip 汽缸衬套 Cylinder Liner胎压不足警示器：Tire Low Pressure Indicator 汽缸体 Cylinder Block温度感应器：Water Temperature Sensor 波司垫片 Washer油压感应器：Oil Pressure Sensor 活塞 Piston机油：Engine Oil 活塞肖 Piston Pin自动变速箱油：Automatic Transmission Oil 活塞环 Piston Ring油品添加剂：Oil Additive 活塞衬套 Piston Liner热处理：Heat Treatment 飞轮 Flywheel自行车类：Bicycle 飞轮环齿轮 Ring Gear of Flywheel整车：Finished Bicycle 时规炼条/皮带 Timing Chain/Belt一般自行车：Regular Bicycle 连杆 Connecting Rod三轮车：Tricycle 连杆轴承片 Connecting Rod Bearing协力车：Tandem Bicycle 摇臂轴 Rocker Arm Shaft城市车：ATB 汽门锁 Valve Cotter孩童车：Junveniles Bicycle 止推垫片 Thrust Washer室内运动车(健身车)：Exerciser 共鸣箱 Resonator单轮车：Unicycle 喷油嘴 Injection Nozzle无链式自行车：Chainless Bicycle 燃料系统 Fueling System登山车：Mountain Bicycle 油箱 Fuel Tank越野车：Trekking Bicycle 油箱浮筒 Gauge Fuel Tank跑车（自由车）：Racing Bicycle 空气滤清器 Air Cleaner电动自行车：Electrical Bicycle 空气滤清器盖 Air Cleaner Cover折叠式自行车：Folding Bicycle 空气滤清器导管 Air Intake Tube海滩车：Beach Bicycle 空气滤蕊 Air Cleaner Element(电动)滑板车：(Electric) Kick Board Scooter 消音器 Exhaust Muffler其它特种自行车：Other Special-purpose Bicycles 排气歧管 Exhaust Manifold避震脚踏车：Suspension Bicycle 排气管 Exhaust Pipe传动件：Transmission 进气歧管 Intake Manifold曲柄组：Chainwheel & Crank 节流阀 Throttle Valve飞轮：Flywheel 燃油管 Fuel Pipe链条：Chain 燃油帮浦 Fuel Pump变速杆：Shift Lever 燃油滤清器 Fuel Filter变速器：Derailleur 触媒转化器 Catalytic Converter电动自行车马达：Electric Bicycle Motor 柴油车黑烟净化器 Diesel Particulate Filter 电动自行车控制器：Electric Bicycle Driver 时规炼条/皮带外盖 Timing Chain/Belt Cover 齿轮箱：Gear Box 燃料系统 Fueling System车轮及剎车：Wheel and Brake 废气回收管 EGR Tube轮胎：Tire 冷却系统 Cooling System夹式剎车器：Caliper Brake 水箱 Radiator快拆：Quick Release花鼓：Hub & Free Hub 水管 Water Hose液压式剎车器：Hydraulic Brake脚剎车器：Coaster Brake 水箱水管 Radiator Hose碟式剎车器：Disk Brake轮圈：Rim 水帮浦 Water Pump辐条/辐帽：Spoke/Nipple悬臂式剎车器：Cantilever Brake 水箱风扇 Radiator Fan控制拉线：Control Cable剎车来令片：Brake Lining Shoe 风扇 Fan配件：Accessories铃：Bell 副水箱 Auxiliary Radiator反光片：Reflector水壶架：Bottle Cage 节温器 Thermostat打气筒：Floor Pump商标贴纸：Sticker 调节器 Regulator货架：Luggage Carrier速度表：Speed Meter 水箱支架 Radiator Mounting中文产品名称：英文產品名稱汽车类：Automobile 冷却系统 Cooling System整车：Finished Automobile轿车：Passenger Car A/C风扇 A/C Fan休旅车：Recreational Vehicle (RV)小型商用车(3.5吨以下)：Light Duty Commercial Car润滑系统 Lubrication System(Less Than 3.5 Tons)大型商用车(3.5吨以上)：Heavy Duty Commercial Car (More Than 3.5 Tons)散装车：Bulk Truck 油底壳 Oil Pan搅拌车：Mixer Truck环境卫生车：Garbage Truck 自排车用滤油器 Oil Filter for Automatic 液罐车：Refueling Truck倾卸车：Dumper Truck Transmission机油尺 Oil Level Gauge 控制拉线 Control Cable机油帮浦 Oil Pump 排档杆 Shift Lever机油滤清器 Oil Filter 排档头 Knob机油滤网 Oil Strainer 球形接头 Ball Joint润滑系统 Lubrication System 等速接头 C.V. Joint机油尺导管 Oil Level Gauge Tube 传动轴 Propeller Shaft空调系统 Air-conditioning System 叶片弹簧 Leaf Spring冷气总成 A/C Assembly 鼓、碟式剎车器 Drum / Disc Brake Assembly冷气配管 A/C Hose 鼓式剎车盘 Brake Drum冷气导风管 A/C Duct 碟式剎车盘 Brake Disc冷气压缩机 A/C Compressor 辅助气囊 Air Bag冷凝器 A/C Condenser 踏板 Pedal暖气总成 Heater Assembly 齿轮 Gear鼓风机 Blower Assembly 横拉杆接头 Tie-Rod End蒸发器 Evaporator 螺旋弹簧 Coil Spring冷媒管 A/C Pipe 避震器 Shock Absorber储液瓶 A/C Receiver 转向连杆 Steering Linkage空调相关零件 A/C Related Components 转向节臂 Knuckle空气清净机 Air Purifier 转向齿轮箱 Steering Gear Box空调滤网 A/C Filter 转向机柱 Steering Column空调系统 Air-conditioning System 转向总成 Steering Assembly提速器 Actuator 离合器分泵 Clutch Cylinder车身钣金件 Body & Stamping Parts 离合器片 Clutch Disc引擎支撑 Engine Mounting 离合器外壳 Clutch Case引擎盖 Engine Hood 离合器总成 Clutch Assembly车身 Car Body 离合器总泵 Clutch Master Cylinder车门 Door Panel 离合器释放轴承 Clutch Release Bearing 车顶板 Roof 变速箱 Transmission Box底盘及其另件 Chassis and Related Parts 变速箱外壳 Transmission Case底盘车架 Frame 曳力杆 Trailing Arm门框 Sash 避震器前后活塞杆 Piston Rod of Front and Rear保险杆 Bumper Shock Absorber钣金件 Stamping Parts 底盘系统 Chassis System叶子板 Fender 自排变速箱修理包 Automatic Transmission 横梁 Cross Member Gasket Kits行李箱盖 Trunk Lid 齿条 Gear Rack车柱 Pillar 剎车真空管 Brake Boost Vacuum Tube车身钣金件 Body & Stamping Parts 握把 Grip支架 Bracket 置物袋 Carriage Bag补强板 Reinforcement Plate 机车座垫用牛皮 Leather for Motorcycle Seat 底盘系统 Chassis System 铁路车辆类 Railroad Vehicle下臂 Lower Arm 铁路车辆制造及修理 Railroad Vehicle Manufacture上臂 Upper Arm & Repair手剎车拉柄 Parking Brake Lever 铁路车辆零件 Railroad Vehicle Parts支柱总成 Strut Assembly 铁路扣夹 Clip for Railroad剎车来令片 Brake Lining Shoe方向盘 Steering Wheel剎车油管(软) Brake Hose比例阀 Proportional Valve剎车油管(硬) Brake Tube主轴、副轴 Mainshaft / Countershaft剎车真空倍力器 Brake Vacuum Booster 平衡杆 Stabilizer Bar剎车总泵 Brake Master Cylinder扭力杆 Torsion Bar动力转向帮浦 Power Steering Pump 后轴总成 Rear Axle Assembly剎车分泵 Brake Cylinder动力转向油管 Power Steering Hose 动力方向系统 Power Steering System。

英文中文韩文英文中文韩文 1. Cowl Side Trim 前围侧饰板33. ICS 2. Hood Open Lever 机盖开启拉杆 (Integrated Child Seat)儿童座椅集成 3. LWR C/Pad PNL-LH仪表台左下盖板34. Seat Back Pocket 座椅靠背袋 4. Side S/W Plate 侧开关板35. Cup(Drink) Holder 5. Side Air Vent Nozzle 侧出风口36. Sunglass Case 太阳镜盒 6. Frt Pillar Trim前立柱饰板37. A/T S/Lever Indicator 7. Headliner 顶篷38. Cluster FACIA PNL 仪表面板 8. Sun-Visor遮阳板39. Hood Insulator 机盖隔热垫 9. Reading lamp 阅读灯40. Hood Seal Strip 机盖密封条10. Room Mirror 后视镜41. Hood Stay 机盖撑杆11. Crash Pad 仪表台　42. Trunk Lid Lifter 后车厢制撑杆12. Roof Assist Handle 车顶辅助手把43. Trunk Lid Trim 行李箱盖饰板13. Door Trim 车门装饰板44. Trunk 비상핸들行李箱　14. Door Inner Handle 车门内拉手45. Door Side(Open'g)车门胶条15. Steering Wheel 方向盘 W/Strip 16. Cluster 仪表板46. Quadrant Inner Cover 前内三角盖板17. 다기능 스위치（多功能开关)多功能开关47. Door Body Side 门框胶条 Multifunction SW 组合开关 W/Strip 18. Steering Column转向管柱罩48. D/Trim Grip Handle 门内手柄 Shroud 49. Door Lock P/Window 门锁及电动门窗19. Hazard SW 应急开关Main S/W 主开关20. Center FACIA 中部面板50. Door Scuff Trim-Rr 后门槛饰板21. A/V System A/V 系统51. Child Lock Knob 儿童锁手柄22. Air-Con Control PNL 空调控制板52. Rr Door Delta In Cover 后门内三角盖板23. Power Outlet 电源输出口53. Door Scuff Trim-Frt 前门槛饰板24. CTR Console Cover 中部通道罩54. Door Courtesy Lamp 车门灯25. P/Brake Lever 手制动拉杆55. Safety Knob 安全按钮26. Seat Cushion 坐垫56. Trunk Trim 后车厢内饰57.T/Net 27. Seat Back 座椅靠背58. Navigation Unit Cover 导航器盖28. Glove Box 杂物箱 29. A/T S/Lever(TGS레버)变速拉杆60. CD Changer CD 转换器30. CTR Console Box 中部通道盒61. Reclining Lever 31. Rr Seat Arm Rest 后座椅扶手62. Air Bag Module 安全气囊模块 Rr Seat Cup Holder后座椅杯架63. Ignition SW 点火开关32. ski through Plate 雪橇穿透板36665551155544451119 8 32222112222117 6 5 4 32344443333343241431325655。

Lesson TwoStructure of AutomobileUseful sentences:1.Automobiles are basically the same in structure.汽车的构造基本上是一样的。

2.Any automobiles is composed of four sections such as engine, chassis, body and electricalsystem.任何汽车都由四部分组成如发动机、底盘、车身以及电气系统。

3.The engine is used to supply for an automobile.发动机用以向汽车提供动力。

4.The engine converts the expanding force of combustion into rotary force used to propel thevehicle.发动机把内燃所产生的膨胀力转变成旋转力用以推动车辆的前进。

5.The chassis is a framework used to assemble auto components on it.底盘是一个用以总装汽车部件的框架。

6. A chassis itself is divided into three systems like driving system, steering system and brakesystem.底盘本身可以分成三个系统如传动系、转向系和制动系。

7.The auto body contains a driving room, and a passenger or loading room.车身包括驾驶室、乘客厢或货厢。

8.An electric system supplies lighting and driving power for the automobile.电气系统向汽车提供照明和驱动电力。

汽车结构图解_汽车零部件(英文)No,that’fine.Nowlet'learnaboutit!零部件名称-车体右侧外饰右中立柱玻璃Rightdiviiongla右三角窗玻璃Rearidewindow,RHOrQuarterwindowgla黑膜(右侧)blackoutfilm,RH 中立柱(右侧)Diviionchannel右后门外夹条BeltlinemoldingRrdoor,RH 右后轮挡泥板Rrplahhield,RH右后轮毂-轮辋Rrwheel,RH右后轮胎Rrtire,RH右前轮胎Frtire,RH右后门窗玻璃Gla-Rrdoor,RH右后视镜Rightoutermirror右后视镜基座Bae-outermirror,RH右侧转向灯Sideturnlamp,RH右前轮挡泥板Frplahhield,RH右前门窗玻璃Gla-Frdoor,RH右后门防擦条Sideprotector-Rrdoor,RH右前门防擦条Sideprotector-Frdoor,RH右前轮轮毂Frwheel,RH右前门外开把手Outerhandle-Frdoor,RH右前门外夹条Beltlinemolding-Frdoor,RH右后门外开把手Outerhandle-Rrdoor,RH车门锁芯Doorkeycylinder零部件名称-车体右侧外饰右后门门框ReardoorahB柱B-pillar右前门门框FrontdoorahA柱A-pillar右前翼子板Frfender,RH右后翼子板Rrfender,RH油箱口盖Fillerlid右后门Rrdoor,RH右低梁Rightideill右前门Frdoor,RH零部件名称-车体前面外饰前挡风密封胶条Frontwindhieldmolding 前挡风玻璃Frontwindowhield前挡(前围上)盖板Cowl(cuttle)grille右前雨刮喷嘴WindhieldwaherNozzle-F,RH天线基座Antennabae顶盖Roofpanel右前雨刮片Windhieldwiperblade-F,RH左前雨刮喷嘴WindhieldwaherNozzle-F,LH左前雨刮片Windhieldwiperblade-F,LH引擎盖Bonnet右前头灯(大灯)Frheadlamp,RH左前头灯(大灯)Frheadlamp,LH前保险杠Frontbumper前面品牌标志Frbrandornament散热器隔栅Radiatorgrille前拖钩Fronttowinghook左顶沟胶条Leftroofmolding后雨刮喷嘴Rrwahernozzle零部件名称-行李箱内饰1后备箱锁锁体Liftgatelatch后备箱盖扶手Liftgatetrimrece后备箱盖右下减震垫Lowertoprubber,LH后备箱盖右下减震垫Lowertoprubber,RH行李箱盖隔热垫Liftgatetrim后备箱盖左上减震垫Uppertoprubber,LH后备箱盖右上减震垫Uppertoprubber,RH 行李箱盖左支撑杆Lefttaydamper行李箱盖右支撑杆Righttaydamper左侧行李箱盖铰链Leftliftgatehinge右侧行李箱盖铰链Rightliftgatehinge行李箱密封胶条Liftgateweathertrip高位刹车灯装饰板Highmounttoplampcover零部件名称-右前门内饰右前门窗玻璃Frdoorgla,RH右前门门框胶条FrSeemingwelt,RH有后视镜内装饰Rightailgarnih右前门铰链Frdoorhinge,RH右前门装饰板中央框架FrdoorCenterflame,RH右前门限位器FrdoorChecker,RH右前门槛装饰板Frcuffplate,RH右前门门控灯开关Frdoorwitch,RH右前门扬声器Frdoorpeaker,RH右后视镜可翻转开关outermirrorcollapiblewitch右后视镜Rightoutermirror右前门内饰Frdoortrim,RH零部件名称-右后门内饰右后门内开把手Rrdoorinnerhandle,RH右后门内开锁柄Rrdoorinnerlock,RH右后门密封胶条Rrdoorweathertrip,RH 右后门锁体RrdoorLatch,RH右后门门框胶条RrSeemingwelt,RH右后门锁销RrdoorStriker,RH右后门装饰板中央框架RrdoorCenterflame,RH右后门儿童锁开关Childafetylockwitch,RH右后门减震垫RrdoorCuhionrubber,RH右后门槛装饰板Rrcuffplate,RH右前门扬声器RrdoorSpeaker,RH右后门窗玻璃升降开关RrdoorPowerwindowwitch,RH零部件名称-驾驶室内饰1左A柱内饰LeftA-pillartrim中央空调出风口Centreventilatorgrille室内镜Roommirror(innermirror)中控台Centrepanel右A柱内饰RightA-pillartrim右侧空调出风口Rightventilatorgrille转向柱上盖板Columncoverupper转向柱下盖板Columncoverlower油门踏板Acceleratorpedal刹车踏板Brakepedal换档器面板ATpanel杯架Cupholder点烟器Cigarlighter乘客安全气囊盖板Paengerairbaglid左侧空调出风口Leftventilatorgrille杂物箱Glovebo某左前侧内饰Fridetrim,LH票据箱Cleanbo某换档杆ATchangelever 控制台Rearconole副驾安全气囊Paengerairbaglid音控开关audio内外循环开关Frehandrecirculationwitch里程表Meter方向盘Steeringwheelf空调开关A/Cwitch温控操纵杆机械式Temperaturecontrollever中控台Centrepanel烟灰缸Frontahtray驾驶员安全气囊DriverairbaglidIP下饰板Intrumentlowerpanel风速操纵杆Windpeedlever模式操作杆AirflowModeelectorlever后除雾开关Rearwindowdefroterwitch零部件名称-驾驶室内饰3右B柱下饰板RightB-pillarlowertrim右B柱上饰板RightB-pillaruppertrim右侧安全带调节器Righteatbeltadjuter轮毂包处内饰Tirehouetrim后座安全带Reareatbelt主驾座椅DrivereatC柱内饰C-pillartrim行李箱边内饰Trunkidetrim头枕Headret副驾座椅Paengereat手刹Parkinglever前排安全带扣Freatbuckle室内地毯Floormat后排座椅Reareat靠背调节器Reclininglever零部件名称-行李箱内饰2顶棚Topceiling右C柱内饰RightC-pillartrim右侧行李箱边内饰Righttrunkidetrim千斤顶jack备胎盖板Truckroomub-trunk行李箱密封胶条Liftgateweathertrip备胎Sparetire行李箱后部装饰板Trunkendtrim行李箱锁销Liftgatetriker。

轿车Passenger Car休旅车Recreational Vehicle (RV) 大型商用车(3.5吨以上) Heavy Duty Commercial Car散装车Bulk Truck搅拌车Mixer Truck环境卫生车Garbage Truck液罐车Refueling Truck倾卸车Dumper Truck曳引车Tractor Truck消防车Fire Fighting Truck堆高机Forklift拖板车Pallet Truck运钞车Armor Cash Carrier冷气客车Air-Conditioned Car冷冻车Freezer Car拖车Trailer车体打造(改装) Car Body Building (Refitting)瓦斯车LPG Car底盘车Chasis Truck引擎零件Engine Parts引擎Engine引擎波司Engine Bush引擎修理包Engine Gasket Kits凸轮轴Camshaft凸轮轴链轮Sprocket Camshaft皮带张力器Tensioner曲轴Crankshaft曲轴皮带盘Crankshaft Pulley曲轴轴承片Crankshaft Bearing汽门Valve汽门座Valve Seat汽门摇臂Valve Arm汽门摇臂盖Rocker Cover汽门弹簧Valve Spring汽门导管Valve Guide汽缸头(盖) Cylinder Head汽缸衬套Cylinder Liner汽缸体Cylinder Block波司垫片Washer活塞Piston活塞肖Piston Pin活塞环Piston Ring活塞衬套Piston Liner飞轮Flywheel飞轮环齿轮Ring Gear of Flywheel 时规炼条/皮带Timing Chain/Belt 连杆Connecting Rod连杆轴承片Connecting Rod Bearing摇臂轴Rocker Arm Shaft汽门锁Valve Cotter止推垫片Thrust Washer共鸣箱Resonator喷油嘴Injection Nozzle燃料系统Fueling System油箱Fuel Tank油箱浮筒Gauge Fuel Tank空气滤清器Air Cleaner空气滤清器盖Air Cleaner Cover空气滤清器导管Air Intake Tube空气滤蕊Air Cleaner Element消音器Exhaust Muffler排气歧管Exhaust Manifold排气管Exhaust Pipe进气歧管Intake Manifold节流阀Throttle Valve燃油管Fuel Pipe燃油帮浦Fuel Pump燃油滤清器Fuel Filter触媒转化器Catalytic Converter柴油车黑烟净化器Diesel ParticulateFilter时规炼条/皮带外盖TimingChain/Belt Cover燃料系统Fueling System废气回收管EGR Tube冷却系统Cooling System水箱Radiator水管Water Hose水箱水管Radiator Hose水帮浦Water Pump水箱风扇Radiator Fan风扇Fan副水箱Auxiliary Radiator节温器Thermostat调节器Regulator水箱支架Radiator Mounting冷却系统Cooling SystemA/C风扇A/C Fan润滑系统Lubrication System油底壳Oil Pan自排车用滤油器Oil Filter forAutomaticTransmission机油尺Oil Level Gauge机油帮浦Oil Pump机油滤清器Oil Filter机油滤网Oil Strainer润滑系统Lubrication System机油尺导管Oil Level Gauge Tube空调系统Air-conditioning System冷气总成A/C Assembly冷气配管A/C Hose冷气导风管A/C Duct冷气压缩机A/C Compressor冷凝器A/C Condenser暖气总成Heater Assembly鼓风机Blower Assembly蒸发器Evaporator冷媒管A/C Pipe储液瓶A/C Receiver空调相关零件A/C RelatedComponents空气清净机Air Purifier空调滤网A/C Filter空调系统Air-conditioning System提速器Actuator车身钣金件Body & Stamping Parts引擎支撑Engine Mounting引擎盖Engine Hood车身Car Body车门Door Panel车顶板Roof底盘及其另件Chassis and RelatedParts底盘车架Frame门框Sash保险杆Bumper钣金件Stamping Parts叶子板Fender横梁Cross Member行李箱盖Trunk Lid车柱Pillar车身钣金件Body & Stamping Parts支架Bracket补强板Reinforcement Plate底盘系统Chassis System下臂Lower Arm上臂Upper Arm手剎车拉柄Parking Brake Lever支柱总成Strut Assembly方向盘Steering Wheel比例阀Proportional Valve主轴、副轴Mainshaft / Countershaft 平衡杆Stabilizer Bar扭力杆Torsion Bar剎车分泵Brake Cylinder剎车来令片Brake Lining Shoe剎车油管(软) Brake Hose剎车油管(硬) Brake Tube剎车真空倍力器Brake Vacuum Booster剎车总泵Brake Master Cylinder后轴总成Rear Axle Assembly动力方向系统Power Steering System动力转向油管Power Steering Hose 动力转向帮浦Power Steering Pump 控制拉线Control Cable排档杆Shift Lever排档头Knob球形接头Ball Joint等速接头 C.V. Joint传动轴Propeller Shaft叶片弹簧Leaf Spring鼓、碟式剎车器Drum / Disc Brake Assembly鼓式剎车盘Brake Drum碟式剎车盘Brake Disc辅助气囊Air Bag踏板Pedal齿轮Gear横拉杆接头Tie-Rod End螺旋弹簧Coil Spring避震器Shock Absorber转向连杆Steering Linkage转向节臂Knuckle转向齿轮箱Steering Gear Box转向机柱Steering Column转向总成Steering Assembly离合器分泵Clutch Cylinder离合器片Clutch Disc离合器外壳Clutch Case离合器总成Clutch Assembly离合器总泵Clutch Master Cylinder离合器释放轴承Clutch Release Bearing变速箱Transmission Box变速箱外壳Transmission Case曳力杆Trailing Arm避震器前后活塞杆Piston Rod of Front and RearShock Absorber底盘系统Chassis System自排变速箱修理包Automatic TransmissionGasket Kits齿条Gear Rack剎车真空管Brake Boost Vacuum Tube车轮系统Wheeling System轮毂Wheel Hub轮胎Tire轮胎汽门嘴Tire Valve中文产品名称Chinese英文产品名称English轮圈Wheel Disk轮圈盖Wheel Cover内胎(含内衬) Inner Tire (Flap)。