2.2.1 Temperature
Measurement
Absolute Temperature T
Unit: Kelvin (K)
t [℃] = T [K]-273.15
The practical temperature scale (1887, 1927, 1948, 1968, and 1990)
Review
The shape and size of the earth Pear-shaped; average radius(6371km);rotation rate (7.3×105s-1); L(1°) ↔111.13km; L(1′) ↔1.852km; 1 nautical mile(海里)=1.852km; 1kts(节)=1nautical mile/hour=0.51m/s
Distribution of Ocean and Land
Land and water are not uniformly distributed on the surface of the earth
Ocean and Sea
Four Principle Ocean
Hydrological features of ocean, sea, fjord(bay), strait(channel)
Principle of constant proportion states that the absolute amount of salt in sea water varies, but the relative proportions of the ions is constant.
Lehodey,P. et al., 2000. El Nino Southern Oscillation and tuna in the western Pacific. Science