大学校园的道路规划设计初探

校园道路改造调研报告校园道路改造调研报告引言：为了改善校园道路交通状况，提升校园的交通安全和行车效率，我们进行了校园道路改造的调研和研究。

本报告将对调研结果进行汇总和总结，并提出相应的改进建议。

一、调研目的和方法调研目的是了解校园道路交通的现状、存在的问题以及需要改进的方面。

采取了问卷调查和实地观察的方法，对校园内主要道路进行了调研。

二、调研结果1. 校园道路拥堵问题：调查结果显示，校园道路在早晚高峰期存在交通拥堵问题，主要原因是车辆流量过大，道路容量不足。

2. 交通事故频发：调查还发现，校园道路上的交通事故频发，主要是因为道路狭窄、缺乏交通标志和标线，以及行人与车辆混行。

3. 学生出行安全问题：调查结果显示，学生出行时，道路上缺乏路灯和人行道，行人与机动车辆的安全隐患较大。

三、改进建议1. 增加道路宽度和车道数量：通过扩建道路、增加车道数量和改善交通信号控制，以提升道路容量和减少拥堵。

同时，增加专用车道和公交车道，鼓励学生使用公共交通工具，减少私家车使用量。

2. 完善交通标志和标线：设置交通标志和标线，明确车辆和行人的行进方向，遵守交通规则，减少交通事故的发生。

3. 安装路灯和建设人行道：加强校园道路照明设施建设，提高夜间行车和行人的安全性。

建设完善的人行道系统，保证行人的交通安全。

4. 教育宣传和培训：借助宣传栏、校园广播等媒介，加强交通安全教育宣传，提高学生和教职工的交通安全意识和法律常识。

结论：通过对校园道路改造的调研，我们发现校园道路存在拥堵、交通事故频发和学生出行安全问题。

针对这些问题，我们提出了增加道路宽度和车道数量、完善交通标志和标线、安装路灯和建设人行道以及加强教育宣传和培训等建议。

希望学校能够重视这些问题，积极采取措施，改善校园道路交通状况，提升校园的交通安全和行车效率。

大学校园道路研究分析摘要随着经济的发展，高校的扩张与合并，带来的是学校师生人口和校园内机动车数量的增加，从而导致大学老校园的道路出现问题。

道路是一个校园的脉络和骨架，它引导人们进入校园并了解校园。

该篇文章以东华大学延安路校区为例，通过分析校园空间布局特征和现存问题，研究校园道路的现状及优化策略。

关键词道路规划；空间布局；校园道路前言随着高等教育观念的落实、教学方式的发展和高校体制的改革，高等校园的重新建设被赋予了新的要求，因此，校园道路设计也被赋予了更高的要求。

在校园道路设计研究中，不仅要对校园交通进行合理的整合，对出入口及其道路进行合理的定位，还要对突出的交通问题进行全面分析。

东华大学有两个校区，本文主要是以东华大学延安路校区的道路为背景进行的研究。

1 大学校园道路交通规划分类1.1 空间布局与道路规划（1）大学校园空间布局。

我国古代书院的规划讲究学习的氛围宜与世隔绝，处于山清水秀之地为最佳，书院的形式多以轴线布局和多院落的方式组合而成，用围墙包围，阻隔成安静封闭的环境，追求在自然天性中悟道求真，修身养性[1]。

改革开放之后，我国的大学校园规划在结合中国国情的同时融合了国外现代大学的设计思想，在设计规划上逐步摆脱封建古典形式的枷锁。

现代大学校园功能分区更加明确。

中心教学区集中布局，多以连廊建筑相连，低层高密度[2]。

（2）空间布局与道路规划。

大学校园中的所有活动都是建立在道路的基础上的。

校园道路可分为：环形校园道路、带形校园道路、网格形校园道路和自由形校园道路[1]。

网格形大学校园道路的规划带给人们一种中规中矩的规整感，使得建筑布置，交通流量分布均匀，道路指向清晰。

但网格形道路通直的特点使机动车不易控制车速从而造成安全隐患。

带形校园道路设置道路的灵活性较强，基于一条主干道路，其他枝干路可自由的依据校园布局伸展。

环形校园道路的特点是大学校园的核心功能区域与周边各个其他功能区域的距离相差无几且不易走错，可达性强。

浅析大学校园道路规划设计――以合肥工业大学翡翠湖校区为例摘要：本文以合肥工业大学翡翠湖校区为例，分析了大学校园建设中道路设计地方法，提倡因地制宜地运用国林规划构图基本规律，创造风景优美、环境清新、具有现代高校学习氛围地校园道路系统• b5E2RGbCAP关键词：校园道路系统景观步道铺地饰面校园绿化广场校园道路是人们在校园中通行地载体和校园规划中地重要组成部分•道路在校园中不但是疏导交通地通道，构成校园规划地骨架，而且为在校园中行进地师生提供观赏风景地通道.plEanqFDPw1、简况1.1地理位置及现状分析合肥工业大学翡翠湖校区占地面积1500亩,位于合肥经济技术开发区西南部，座落在风景旖旎地翡翠湖畔，由丹霞路、环湖路、翡翠路环抱，呈“心”形；东临锦绣大道商业区，北倚大学城公共建设区，西傍翡翠湖公园，居合肥大学城地中心位置•新校区内规划一座面积为10公顷地中心湖，依据东、西两侧高、中间低地自然地形，并强化这一特点，将中间狭谷地带作为生态谷，由中心向边缘延伸，渗透于整个大学校园地各个功能块中•垂直于生态谷，连接谷地东、西高地，是一条理性轴贯穿于校园地主教案区和实验区，是新校区发展标志•校园绿化用地大部分较为平坦，并有若干低矮山坡和池塘溪流，呈现出江南地区较为典型地山丘地型特征•新校区现已修建完成地总建筑面积达35万平方M，翡翠湖校区将被建设成容纳14000名一、二年级本科生地教育基地，同时在规划中还预留充分地可持续发展空间.DXDiTa9E3d1.2公共空间序列轴公共空间序列轴串联校园各特色活动区域, 以人工化景观为特色. 可以体现为“三轴多环”结构：“一轴”由“校园主人口、主入口广场”等构成地西北向轴线：“二轴”为由“位于丹霞路上地次入口, 学生食堂、服务中心、风雨球场、入口广场、实验楼、教案楼、行政楼等组合出开放性地教案生活空间”构成地南北向轴线；“三轴”为由“次入口、小型地入口广场, 喷泉水池组成地体憩广场、教案楼群、教案楼间小型广场”构成地东南轴线“多环”为整个校园组团式布局中地道路形成大小不同地环路, 这也是翡翠湖校区道路规划地重点. RTCrpUDGiT2、校园道路系统规划2.1道路系统规划特点<1）规划原则便捷性原则：机动车道沿外环行驶,就近停靠各出入口, 而人流为主地道路则与广场、林荫步道相结合.舒适性原则：道路与环境相结合, 尤其是校区主轴一由北向南中央大道,尺度放大, 形成宽广地景观大道.安全性原则：中心教案区按照人车分离方式, 充分注意使用安全. 5PCzVD7HxA<2）道路结构基于上述原则,校内道路采取车行与人行分离形式, 车行环路在外围,人行则在环路之内地各广场序列之中,并采用步行广场、林荫道地方式与景观结合. 休息小道设于林荫中央林带边,并留出公共开放空间,集散步道、观景、交往、休息为一体, 充分感受自然环境对身心地熏陶. jLBHrnAILg<3）道路性质与等级主环机动车道，车行道路9M,次环机动车道宽6M,二侧人行道路2M.次要道路、休闲小路3-4M.2.2道路系统规划<1）车行车行系统在本规划设计中被作为一个整体系统来设计, 校园设置了若干完整地车行主要环道和次要环道, 高效快捷地联系各区. 同时, 车辆在各区地外围亦可进入该区地各个建筑群避免机动车对各区地步行系统地干扰, 保证各区内舒适地步行环境, 创造安静地学习和生活环境. xHAQX74J0X<2）人行沿两条轴线构成地景观步道远离外部地环路, 是一个幽静安全地步行区域, 亦与教案区、学院区与生活区地步行系统组成完整地步行网络. LDAYtRyKfE3、主要道路及景观步道地规划布局依据自然地势与新校区校园功能地要求, 把新校区按功能规划分成生态谷、教案区、实验区、图书馆、校大门、学生宿舍区、体育活动区几个组成部分. 校园道路规划设计以校园功能分区为基础, 实现交通网格化. 校园交通以外环路和内环道为主要通道, 外环路以通行机动车为主,自行车及人流为辅；内环道以通行人流、自行车为主, 使整个校区反映以人为本地人性化没计原则. Zzz6ZB2Ltk3.1 生态谷生态谷位于整个校园地核心位置, 运用绿化、水系、广场, 作为生态谷地基本元素, 对外开放,建筑群体环绕生态谷布置,达到良好地景观效应.生态谷向南开敞, 向北略为封闭,形成了一个冬暖夏凉地谷地. 由生态谷延伸出绿轴, 到达校园各功能区；由各功能区绿地到达各楼群内部绿地, 使整个新区校园镶嵌在如花似锦地绿色原野之中. 绿地、水系、楼群建筑创造了新校区地良好视觉景观, 形成视线走廊, 使景观具有递进地层次性和向心地格局. 产生了一种由内向外放射、由外向内收敛地自然景观. dvzfvkwMI1道路是在路线和景观之间相互作用下形成, 后者影响前者. 它们看上去是自然地, 并是整个环境中地组成部分.良好地道路选线充分利用自然地形,路线与原有地地形融合, 沿着等高线地路线最容易与景观协调. 因为生态谷以翡翠湖为重点, 所以沿着翡翠湖到达外围, 设计了游憩园路.游憩园路是景区内供游人散步、游览地小路,多曲折自由布置,安静幽静, 路面宽度1-2M. 在景观步道饰面地选择上, 选用鹅卵石等材料铺装简易路面, 这种路面适用于人流量较少地散步小路,以保持自然野趣. 由于翡翠湖所处地地势较低, 周边地势较高,形成“谷”状,所以对谷状地形进行了处理, 在游憩园路边上较高地势处修建护坡. 为突出景观效果, 一般都结合造园进行艺术处理, 或以山石筑成自然形状, 或以水泥预制空心砖块砌筑成图案再配置植物, 达到美观和实用地两者统一, 并植以中华结缕草、假俭草、狗牙根等耐践踏地当地草种, 对护坡进行整体绿化, 在其间穿插培植以灌木为主地色块.色块可用紫叶小檗、洒金干头柏、金叶女贞、小叶黄杨、铺地柏等. 学生们可以在这里体验翡翠湖之乐趣, 享受生态谷之魅力•为组织竖向交通，在扩坡中每隔200M左右设台阶.根据此处2M左右地高差，设立了每级宽度为0.35M, 高度为0.15M 地整体台阶. 在台阶地材料上, 选用天然石料作边, 中为混凝土地矩形台阶. 为避免台阶地枯燥乏味，并与环境相协调，对其进行堆石和配置植物地处理，使之融合一体，给人以自然之趣. rqyn14ZNXI此外，为了将生态区和其它各个功能分区有机地联系在—起，顺应自然地势，在生态谷外规划了一条宽6M地外环车行道路，将两个教案区及中间生态谷围绕在中心，有效地解决了人地活动和车行道路地矛盾. EmxvxOtOco3.2教案区教案区在生态谷东、西两侧；通过跨越生态谷地平桥相连接；主广场位于教案区地核心位置，成为控制整个教案区建筑群地中心. SixE2yXPq5教案区内个组团有各自地中心与步行系统，形成相对独立高效运作地系统，在东教案区内设置一条以步行道路为主地中轴线道路，这条道路以北大门为中轴线起点，结合椭圆形车道，贯穿于教案区内. 由于道路以步行为主，可以允许小型机动车和非机动车通过，因为道路要满足集散性、流通性、景观性等功能，所以在道路地设计上，要求道路有一定地宽度，基础要牢,地势要平坦• 一般路面可保持6—8M,路两侧充分绿化美化，处处有景可看.在教案区北侧地入口处，主路以暖色调地连锁砖铺成，在路两旁种植绿色地植被，使之与道路饰面在视觉上形成对比. 随着道路地延伸，在中段道路中部增加一块绿地，以增加其景观性以及游憩性.这块绿地是师生休息、游乐地场所，绿地宜采用自然式地布局，设置水面、花架、亭廊、坐凳等,各园林小区之间用游息园路联系在一起.沿中轴线布置地主路在宽度变化地同时,路线也随之调整, 由沿中轴方向转移到中心绿地地两侧, 最后再交汇于中轴线上. 这样地处理, 道路能够更加融合于周边环境之中, 在道路地整体节奏上, 张弛有度, 动静结合. 6ewMyirQFL 在道路地最南端以大面积硬地广场来代替道路, 将其作为整个教案区地核心. 根据广场内不同部位地使用性质, 可设置不同地路面铺装. 此处地广场强调流通性和集散性, 地势平坦, 因此铺装大部分采用现浇水泥混凝土地刚性路面铺装. 饰面是广场铺地景观中地一个重点, 从色彩上来看, 它应该以一个色系为准, 给人一种温暖而有序地感觉. 在色调上, 以表现幽雅, 宁静、开朗、明快,给人以清新愉快感地冷色调为主, 在铺地设计中,有意识地利用色彩地变化, 可以丰富和加强空间地气氛.在图案上, 利用不同颜色地人造花岗石铺造广场,使其纹路有一种向外扩张地力度, 可以增加广场地空间感. kavU42VRUs东、西两个教案区是通过跨越生态谷地平台相连接地, 因此平台是连接两个教案区地重要地交通通道. 平台与生态谷中地临水表演广场隔湖相望, 因此在注重平台交通性地同时, 还应该注意它地景观性.西教案区以圆环形道路为骨架, 在区内圆心位置设计一个四面对应地小型广场,便于车辆和人员通行. 道路自这个广场向四面放射性扩散, 分别与校西大门、图书馆、东教案区以及学生宿舍区连接, 形成以广场为中心地道路网络. 西教案区道路地铺地、形式、宽度等应与东区道路相同, 以保持风格一致. y6v3ALoS893.3校大门合肥工业大学新校区主入门设在锦绣大道与翡翠路交汇处, 位于校园南端, 雄伟壮观.体现了合肥工业大学地文化与历史, 给人一种谦虚谨慎地感觉,为新区地礼仪性大门, 标志性建筑之一.新校区分别设立五个交通大门, 其中北大门是新区功能性大门,设在丹霞路上,面向大学城商业中心. M2ub6vSTnP校园入口一般都是轴线地起点, 都为校园内主要干道. 道路要求能够通行各种机动车辆, 还应留有足够空地作为机动车辆停车场，道路宽度根据车流量而定，一般都要求在9M以上，并要平整干净, 耐压稳定. 入口处道路绿化应以遮阴为主, 兼顾美化. 此处行道树可选用水杉、银杏、白蜡、合欢、栾树、楝树等落叶乔木，短距离地重要路段也可选用雪松、白皮松、华山松等常绿乔木.道路外侧应留有带状绿地, 配置草坪、酢浆草等地被植物或花灌木以打破干道地规则平直. 0YujCfmUCw工大新区主大门位于校园南端,为新区地礼仪性大门,标志性建筑之一. 这一主大门是生态谷以及教案区地主入口, 为突出其重要性,在大门入口处设计一个入口广场. 入口广场以拼花地广场砖作铺地, 其鲜艳变化地图案及色彩与校门外市政路形成强烈对比, 有效地突出了校园入口.广场作为门前区地主景,应独具特色,考虑到与生态谷相连, 加强了植物景观,弱化一些人造景观. 在植物配植中注意竖向与横向地对比, 选用一些低矮、整齐植物在广场中部布置成大面积地草坪, 也可用月季、红花酢草浆及宿根花卉布置成大型花境.两侧行道树可选用树形较好地落叶乔木或常绿乔木, 总地原则是开阔、大方, 烘托生态这一主题. eUts8ZQVRd 另一种表现主题地布置方法是从校门口沿入口广场两侧用行道树构成宽阔地绿色通道, 使环境显得安静、严肃.随着广场地延伸, 其功能应由集散性向流通性过渡,逐步演变为道路与教案区外围车道、生态谷交汇, 使人以最简洁地路线到达目地地. sQsAEJkW5T3.4学生宿舍区学生宿舍区位于校园西北端, 靠近校园北路口.学生宿舍区两个主入口道路应与教案区道路紧密连接, 使学生宿舍与教室步行交通最为便捷,方便师生们地学习和生活•两个主人口道路,应采用宽度为6M地规则式道路.道路地饰面依旧采用现浇混凝土路面. 学生宿舍区内道路路线设计为一条斜线, 打破了其它功能区道路横平竖直地平淡布置, 给校园带来了生机. 将湖水引入宿舍区内, 自然流淌地水面, 柔化了斜向线条带来地尖锐感•道路以休闲小路为主，宽度控制在3M左右,路面采用橙色地透水砖路面, 以时刻保持路面地干爽, 便于清扫. GMsIasNXkA宿舍楼群之间有大面积地空地，结合自然地形，加以绿化，修建园林小品，有收有放，自由活泼，建立小型游园，使之成为师生休闲、读书地良好场所•景观步道作为穿插其间园林式绿色生态走廊，不但为游览地人们提供观赏风景地通道，同时也是构成游园景区地骨架• 景观步道不以捷径为准则,而是"莫妙于迁”,路线多以曲线为主•道路宽度不宜过宽,一般为1.5M. 景观步道铺装地美, 在很大程左右.园路地饰面以用砂石、杂石等材料铺装地简易路面为主度上要依靠材料质感地美. 质感与环境地协调程度、铺地拼缝地大小、质感地调和方法以及质感变化要与色彩变化均衡相称, 都是值得注意地问题. 在这里, 我采用花岗岩为主要地铺装材料,借助其粗犷地特点, 来表现大自然地博大. 铺地地拼缝,在质感上要粗糙、刚健,以产生一种强地力感. 砌缝明显, 则易产生漂亮整洁地质感,使人感到雅致而愉快. 由于花岗岩在质感地变化上要小, 所以着重颜色地变化. 景观步道与建筑小区相联结, 通常采用外弧线连接, 并且在接近建筑小区前设置广场, 这样既能取得较好地艺术效果,有利于行人地集散和休憩等活动.为丰富园路景观, 路缘地绿地上采用植草、堆石、设篱、置景、地形等装饰,以取得不同地景观效果. 而在路口, 则在对景处作精心点缀, 形成对景景观. 景观步道地绿化注重活泼, 富有变化,一般选用常绿树与花灌木,也可用常绿树与花灌木间植, 如桧柏与红叶李,龙柏与蔷薇等.绿地中地植物种植对为自然式, 也可以孤植、对植、群植,既有观赏性也有引导、分隔地作用. TIrRGchYzg4、结束语校园是育人地环境,是培养学生具有健康体魄、丰富个性地空间, 它应使受教育者从中感受到一种个性成长地需要和心灵成长地力量. 充分利用校园地自然环境, 突出以“人”为中心,通过深入地发掘, 以“人车分流.步行优先,使校园更具人性化”为原则.塑造出高效舒适地校园交通网络, 保证各区内舒适地步行环境, 创造安静地学习和生活环境. 7EqZcWLZNX参考文献[1]杨永胜、金涛主编, 现代小时景观设计与营建技术,2000, 中国城市出版社[2]梁永基主编, 校园园林绿地设计,2000, 中国林业出版社[3]贾育晶主编, 中外园林景观赏析,2003, 中国于娜林出版社[4]胡长龙主编, 园林规划设计,1995, 中国农业出版社[5]王浩主编, 城市道路绿地规划设计,1996, 东南大学出版社lzq7IGf02E 作者单位：王梅,合肥工业大学建筑设计研究院；葛红, 安徽农业大学森林与利用学院；汤铭, 安徽农业大学森林与利用学院zvpgeqJ1hk。

大学校园道路问题及对策初探摘要：伴随改革开放的稳步推进，中国社会各方面实力得到巨大提升。

其中，大学校园随着社会、经济、教育等方面的发展也在努力地提升自我以求更符合当代社会需求。

本文对大学校园道路问题及对策进行探讨。

关键词：大学校园；道路问题；解决思路一、大学校园道路的特点1、缺乏交通部门管理大学校园是社会组成的一部分，校园道路也应是社会整体交通组成的一部分，理应受城市交通部门的管理。

由于大学的独特性，其以一种半封闭半开放的状态与社会融合，造成大学校园道路系统既是公共交通的一部分，又是以学生为主要服务人群的区域内部交通，导致大学校园交通成了公共交通管理的盲区，引发了许多交通管理问题。

2、短时间内爆发性使用校园道路承载着连接各区域的功能，由于使用人群的独特性和日常行为的规律性，校园道路的使用呈现时段性、爆发性规律，在上课和下课两个时间段，学生、教师职工自发性的汇集到道路空间中，校园道路的交通压力骤升出现极值。

这种爆发性使用的现象对于校园道路系统的承载力是严峻的考验。

3、多功能的共同融合大学校园道路相对于城市道路的交通、绿化功能，其包含的功能更加丰富。

在校园中，道路承担货物运输的功能相对较弱，学生对于道路的功能需求不仅仅是区域空间连接，还包含安全、便捷、舒适、美观等更高层次的需求。

校园道路既要满足一般道路的功能要求，同时又要包含休憩、景观、学习等更复杂的功能。

多功能的相互融合对校园道路的设计、建设、维护提出了更高的要求。

二、大学校园道路现状问题及原因1、人车混杂在实地调研中发现，上学和放学两时段内校园交通压力出现峰值，人、车同时涌入校园道路，此时的交通运行极为不畅，人车混行的现象随处可见，对于学生的安全造成严重威胁。

2、老校区陈旧的道路规划系统不适应当代的交通方式。

一些大学的老校区规划建设时间较为悠久，在当时的社会背景下校园道路的规划建设所考虑的交通方式主要是以步行、自行车为主，在道路的宽度、可达性、停车位设置等方面都受当时社会环境的影响。

大学校园道路交通系统规划思考与研究摘要：伴随着我国教育体制的改革和发展，大学校园规模不断扩大，在校人数迅速增加。

校园大规模发展在带给在校师生便捷的同时，道路交通拥堵、交通秩序混乱等交通问题也日渐突出。

本文通过对当今大学校园交通特征及问题的挖掘，尝试从校园道路交通系统规划角度探索有效解决途径，以期为大学校园道路交通系统建设提供相应参考。

关键词：大学校园；道路交通系统；规划思考1引言随着我国教育体制的不断改革，大学生人数急剧增加，机动化水平和高校校园产学研开放教育理念的提高，促使大量机动车进入校园，校园交通空间人车流量与校园交通系统建设不匹配的矛盾，导致高校校园交通混乱、车辆与行人的路权冲突、停车拥挤等问题。

同时，校园道路系统又是连接校园各功能分区、承担教学科研重要联系的重要媒介，因此，合理规划高校校园交通系统对高校校园的建设和发展具有重要意义。

2大学校园道路交通特征与问题2.1阵发性交通考验校园道路承载力阵发性交通流是学校交通特征中最典型的特征，校内人群以学生为主，所产生的交通活动主要来源于学生上下课，连接交通的主要对象为宿舍、食堂、教学楼，师生经常在有限时间内完成以“三点一线”方式为主的交通活动。

而这项规律性交通活动通常在短时间内产生爆发性的交通车流、人流，给学校车行及人行交通体系带来严峻考验。

2.2交错性交通导致人行道交通压力转移至车行道交错性交通通常出现在大课间的换课期间，此期间是学校各项交通最为混乱的时间段，也是学校交通事故多发、频发的时间段。

师生往返不同校园功能区促使集中人流、车流交错纷繁。

校园交通主要以步行交通和自行车为主的慢行交通为主，虽然大多数校园已进行了人车分行的优化设计，但由于人行道多依附在车行道两侧，且人行道路幅宽度较窄、植被茂密、遮阳性弱、通行能力差等客观原因，导致人行步道功能缺失，进而促使交通压力转移至车行道，加大机动车道的通行负担，使人车混行的现象愈演愈烈。

2.3突发性交通对静态交通系统提出更高要求高校校园道路交通系统不仅应满足师生日常科研教学需求，还应针对突发性的交通需求做好提前应对，如校园大型庆典活动、大型学术会议以及新生报到期间所产生的突发性动态交通与静态交通需求。

浅析大学校园道路规划设计——以合肥工业大学翡翠湖校区为例（Analysis of campus road planning and Design -- a case study of Jade Lake Campus of HeFei University of Technology）Analysis of campus road planning and Design -- a case study of Jade Lake Campus of HeFei University of TechnologyAnalysis of university campus road planning and designTake the Jade Lake Campus of HeFei University of Technology as an exampleWangGegongSoupWang Mei, architectural design and Research Institute of HeFei University of Technology, Ge Hong, College of forest and utilization, Anhui Agriculture University, Tang Ming, College of forest and utilization, Anhui Agriculture UniversityAbstract: This paper takes HeFei University of Technology Emerald Lake campus as an example, analyzes the method of road construction of campus design, using the basic rules of the promotion of local conditions in forest planning layout, create beautiful and fresh environment, learning atmosphere of modern university campus road system.Key words: campus road system, landscape trail, pavementdecoration, campus green squareCampus road is the carrier of people on campus and the important part of campus planning. The road is not only a gateway to the campus, but also a skeleton of campus planning. It provides a channel for students and students to visit the campus.1, general situation1.1 geographical position and present situation analysisHeFei University of Technology Emerald Lake campus covers an area of 1500 acres, is located in Hefei economic and Technological Development Zone in the southwest, is located in the beautiful scenery of the Emerald Lake, surrounded by Danxia Road, Lake Road, Jade Road, a "heart shaped"; the East Fairview Avenue Business District, North University City public construction area, near the West Emerald Lake Park. In the center of Hefei University city. The new campus planning within an area of 10 hectares in the center of the lake, on the East and west sides of high and low in the middle of the natural terrain, and strengthen the characteristics of the intermediate zone as valley eco Valley, extending from the center to the edge of each function block permeates the entire campus in. Vertical to the ecological Valley, the East and West heights of the valley, a rational axis, runs through the campus, the Bishop's school district and the experimentation area, is the sign of the new campus. Most of the campus green land is flat, and there are a number of low slopes and ponds, streams, showing a typical hilly land features in the south of the Yangtze river. The new campus has been built a totalconstruction area of 350 thousand square meters, the Emerald Lake campus will be built into a capacity of 14000 one or two year undergraduate education base, at the same time in the planning for the sustainable development of the full space.1.2 public space sequence axisThe serial axis of public space is linked in series, and the characteristic activities area of campus is characterized by artificial landscape. Can embody "three axis polycyclic" structure: "one axis" composed of the main campus population, the main entrance plaza "the northwest axis:" two axis "for" the entrance road is located in Danxia, a student canteen, service center, gymnasium, entrance plaza, laboratory building, teaching building, administration building a combination of open teaching life space "of the north-south axis;" three axis "on" time, the small entrance entrance plaza, Southeast axis fountain form recreational square, teaching building, teaching building small square ". "Multi ring" for the entire campus cluster layout of the road, the formation of different sizes of the loop, which is the Emerald Lake campus road planning focus.2 、 campus road system planning2.1 road system planning features(1) planning principlesThe principle of convenience: the motor Lane runs along the outer ring and stops near the entrances and exits, while thepeople oriented road is combined with the square and the tree lined walkway.Comfort principle: the combination of road and environment, especially the campus main axis, from north to south, Central Avenue, scale amplification, forming a broad landscape avenue.Safety principle: the central teaching area should be paid full attention to the safety in accordance with the mode of separation of people and vehicles.(2) road structure;Based on the above principles, the road to take car and pedestrian separation form, line loop in the periphery, one line in each square loop sequence within, and the pedestrian Plaza Mall, the way combined with landscape. Rest trails are located on the side of the central forest belt,And set aside public open space, distribution trails, viewing, communication, rest as one, fully feel the natural environment of the physical and mental edification.(3) nature and grade of roadMain ring motor vehicle lane, car Road 9 meters, sub ring motor vehicle road width 6 meters, two side road 2 meters. Secondary roads, leisure trails 3-4 meters.2.2 road system planning(1) garageThe garage system is designed as a whole system in the planning and design. The campus is equipped with a complete number of cars, main ring roads and minor ring roads. At the same time, vehicles entering the area in the District of the periphery of various buildings can also avoid the interference of the motor vehicle, pedestrian system, ensure the pedestrian environment comfortable within the District, create a quiet life and learning environment.(2) pedestrianThe landscape trails along the two axis, away from the outer loop, are a quiet and safe walking area, and also a complete pedestrian network with the teaching area, the College District and the walking system of the living area.3, the layout of main roads and landscape trailsAccording to the natural terrain and the new campus of the functional requirements, according to the function of the new campus planning into the eco Valley, teaching area, experimentation area, library, school gate, dormitory area, sports area several components. Campus road planning and design is based on campus functional zoning to realize grid transportation. Campus traffic outside the loop and the inner ring road as the main channel, the outer loop with the passage of motor vehicles, bicycles and people as a supplement; the inner ring road on the traffic flow, bicycle, the entire campus reflects the people-oriented humanized design principle.3.1 eco ValleyEcological Valley is located in the core of the whole campus, and uses green, water system and square as the basic elements of ecological valley. It is open to the outside world, and the construction group is arranged around the ecological Valley, so as to achieve good landscape effect. The ecological Valley opens to the South and is closed to the north, forming a cool and cool summer valley. The eco Valley extends green axis, reach each functional area by the green campus; each functional area to the buildings inside the green space, the new campus is inlaid in the beautiful green fields. Green, water, buildings and create a good visual landscape of the new campus, the formation of the landscape view corridor, with progressive hierarchy and centripetal. Produces a natural landscape that radiates from the inside out and from the inside to the outside.The road is formed between the routes and the landscape, which affects the former. They look natural and are part of the whole environment. Good line selection, make full use of natural terrain, the route and the original terrain fusion, along the contour line, the most easily coordinated with the landscape. Because the ecological Valley to the Emerald Lake as the focus, so along the Emerald Lake to the periphery, the design of recreation road. Recreational Road Park is a scenic area for visitors to take a walk and tour of the path, more twists and turns, free layout, quiet and quiet, the width of the road 1-2 meters. In the choice of decorative landscape trails, pebbles and other materials used convenient pavement pavement, the pavement is suitable for the flow of people less walking path,in order to maintain the natural wilderness. Because of its low topography, the surrounding terrain is relatively high, forming a "Valley" shape, so the valley topography has been dealt with, in the recreational road side of the higher slope built slope protection. To highlight the landscape effect, are generally a combination of gardening art processing, or rocks into natural shape, or in a cement prefabricated hollow brick pattern re configuration of plants, achieve beautiful and practical unification, and planted with Zoysia sinica, Centipedegrass, Bermuda etc. the trample local grass, whole on the slope greening, interspersed in shrubs cultivated in color. Color available barberry, with gold head cypress, Ligustrum, Buxus, cypress floor etc.. Students can experience the fun of jade lake and enjoy the charm of ecological valley. In order to organize vertical traffic, steps are set up every 200 meters during the slope expansion. According to the height difference of about 2 meters here, a width of 0.35 meters per grade, height of 0.15 meters was established. On the material of the steps,The rectangular step is made of natural stone and made of concrete. In order to avoid the tedium of the steps, and to coordinate with the environment, the rock handling and plant arrangement are carried out to make it a fusion and a natural interest.In addition, in order to ecological zones and other various functions organically together, conform to the natural topography, ecological valley planning a 6 metre wide outer ring road car dealers, two teaching area and middle ecological valley around the center, effectively solve the conflict between human activities and the car for the road the.3.2 school districtsThe teaching area is on the East and west sides of the ecological valley. It connects with Pingqiao through the ecological valley. The main square is located in the core of the teaching area and becomes the center of the whole teaching area.The teaching area groups have their own center and pedestrian system, formed a relatively independent system efficient operation, set up a road to walk in the road on the East axis of the teaching area, the road to the north gate of the central axis for starting point, combined with the oval lane, throughout the teaching area. The road to walk, can allow small motor vehicles and non motor vehicles through, because the road to meet the distribution, circulation, landscape and other functions, so in the design of the road, the road requirements have a certain width, to prison, lying flat. The general road surface can maintain 6 - 8 meters, both sides of the road are fully landscaped and landscaped, and there is a view everywhere. At the entrance to the north side of the teaching area, the main road is paved with a warm chain of bricks, planting green vegetation on either side of the road to make it visually contrasted with the road surface. As the road extends, a green space is added to the middle of the middle of the road to increase its landscape and recreation. This green is the teachers and students to rest, amusement places, green space should adopt natural style layout, set the water, flower, Tinglang, stool, the garden area by road travel together. Along the width of the main axis, the route of the main road along the central axis is also adjusted, from the central axis to thetwo sides of the central green space, and finally to the central axis. Such treatment, the road can be more integrated in the surrounding environment, in the overall rhythm of the road, relaxation degree, static and dynamic combination.At the southern tip of the road, a large hard square is used instead of the road as the core of the whole teaching area. According to the use of different parts in the square, different pavement can be set up. The square here emphasizes circulation and distribution, the terrain is flat, so the pavement mostly adopts the rigid pavement of cast-in-place concrete. Veneer is a focal point in the square paving landscape. From the color point of view, it should be based on a color system, giving a warm and orderly feeling. In the tone, to show the elegant, quiet, cheerful and lively, give a person with cold tone fresh enjoyment, in the design of pavement, the conscious use of color change, can enrich and strengthen the atmosphere of space. In the design, the use of different colors of man-made granite paved square, so that the lines have a kind of outward expansion of strength, can increase the sense of space square.The two teaching districts in the East and the West are connected by platforms spanning the ecological valley. Therefore, the platform is an important traffic corridor connecting the two teaching areas. In the valley water platform and ecological performance square across the lake, so focus on platform of traffic at the same time, we should also pay attention to the landscape. The West teaches the school district to take the circular circular road as the skeleton, in the center circle center position design a four side correspondence small square, is advantageous for the vehiclesand the personnel to pass through. The road was diffused from the square to the west gate, the library, the eastern school district and the student dormitory area, forming a road network centered on the square. The paving, form and width of the west school district should be the same as that of the Eastern Road, so as to keep the style consistent.3.3 school gateThe new campus of HeFei University of Technology is located in the main entry Jinxiu road and emerald Road Interchange, located in the southern end of the campus, majestic. Embodies the culture and history of the HeFei University of Technology, giving a modest and prudent feeling, ceremonial gate area,One of the landmark buildings. The new campus set up five traffic gates, of which the north gate is a functional gate of the New District, located on the road of Danxia, facing the University City Commercial center.The campus entrance is generally the starting point of the axis, all of which are the main roads in the campus. The requirement of road access to all kinds of motor vehicles, should also leave enough space for a motor vehicle parking lot, road width is determined according to the traffic flow, generally require more than 9 meters, and to smooth and clean, stable pressure. At the entrance to the main road greening should be shaded, both beautify. The trees can choose Metasequoia, ginkgo, Fraxinus, acacia, neem, Koelreuteria paniculata, deciduous trees, important sections of short distance can also use cedar, pine and other evergreen trees of Pinus bungeana, Huashan. The roadshould be left outside of the green belt, configuration of lawn, Oxalis and other places were plants or shrubs, to break the rules of the road straight.The main gate of the new campus is located at the south end of the campus. It is one of the ceremonial gates and landmark buildings in the new district. The main gate is the main entrance of the ecological Valley and the teaching area. In order to highlight its importance, an entrance plaza is designed at the entrance of the gate. Entrance plaza paving in the square brick mosaic pattern and color, contrast and outside the school of municipal road and its bright change, effectively highlights the campus entrance. As the plaza area in front of the king, should be unique, considering that connected with the ecological Valley, strengthen plant landscape, weaken some man-made landscape. Note the contrast between vertical and horizontal in the plant, with some low, neat plants in the middle of the square layout into a large area of lawn, can also rose, safflower straw and perennial flowers arranged in a large flower. Both sides of the street tree can choose a tree shaped deciduous tree or evergreen tree, the general principle is open, generous, foil ecological theme.Another layout of the theme is from the school entrance, along the entrance square on both sides of the street with trees to form a wide green channel, so that the environment is quiet and serious. With the extension of the square, its function should be transferred from distribution to circulation, and gradually evolved into the road, which connects with the teaching area, the outer lane and the ecological Valley, so that people can reach the destination with the most concise route.3.4 student dormitory areaThe dormitory area is located on the northwest side of the campus, near the North Road of the campus.The two main entrance roads of the dormitory area should be closely connected with the teaching area and road, so that the students' dormitory and the classroom can walk and transport conveniently, so as to facilitate the study and life of the teachers and students. For two main population roads, a regular road with a width of 6 meters should be used. The road surface still adopts cast-in-place concrete pavement. The road design in the student dormitory area is a slash, which breaks the flat and vertical arrangement of other functional areas and brings vitality to the campus. Will the dormitory area, natural flowing water, soften the sharp sense of oblique lines brought. The main path of the road to leisure, width control at about 3 meters, the road uses orange permeable brick pavement, in order to keep the road dry and easy to clean.There is a large area of vacant residential buildings, combined with the natural terrain, to build green garden, there is a close up, free spirited, set up a small garden, making it a good place for teachers and students, leisure reading. As a garden type green ecological corridor, the landscape trail not only provides visitors with the view of the scenery, but also forms the skeleton of the scenic spot. Landscape trails do not take shortcuts as guidelines, but "Mo Yu moves", and the routes are mainly curvilinear. Road width should not be too wide, generally 1.5 meters or so. The pavement of the garden road ismainly paved with sand, stone and other materials. The beauty of landscape trails depends on the beauty of material texture to a great extent. Harmonic method for coordination, texture and environment floor seam size, texture and texture changes should be balanced commensurate with the color change, are worth attention. Here, I use granite as the main paving material, with its rugged characteristics, to show the broad nature of the broad. The floor in the seam, texture to rough, vigorous, to produce a strong sense of strength.Qifeng obvious, easy to produce beautiful texture, makes people feel elegant and pleasant. Because granite changes little in texture, the emphasis is on color changes. Associative trails and residential area landscape nodes, usually adopts the arc connection, and arranged in close quarters before the square building, so as to achieve good artistic effect, conducive to rest and distribution of pedestrians and other activities. For the rich road landscape, the green grass on the edge of the road, stone, fence, scenery and terrain decoration, in order to obtain the different landscape effect. And in the intersection, in the scenic spots for careful embellishment, the formation of the king landscape. The landscape greening trail on lively, full of change, general selection of evergreen trees and shrubs, evergreen trees and shrubs are also available with, such as junipers and atropurpurea, cypress and rose etc.. Green plants in the cultivation of natural style, but also can be isolated planting, planting and planting, both ornamental, but also a guide, separation role.4, concluding remarksThe campus is the environment for educating people. It is the space to train the students to be healthy and rich in personality. It should make the educated feel the need of a personal growth and the power of spiritual growth. Full use of the campus's natural environment, highlighting the "people" as the center, through in-depth excavation, to "people car diversion.". "Walking first, making campus more user-friendly" is the principle. To create an efficient and comfortable campus transportation network, to ensure comfortable walking environment in all districts, and to create a quiet study and living environment.Reference[1] Yang Yongsheng, Jin Tao editor, modern hour landscape design and construction technology, 2000, Chinese city press[2] Liang Yongji, editor in chief, campus landscape design, 2000, China Forestry Publishing House[3] Jia Yujing editor, appreciation of Chinese and foreign landscape architecture, 2003, China Yu Na forest Publishing House[4] Hu Changlong, editor in chief, landscape planning and design, 1995, Chinese Agricultural Press[5] Wang Hao, editor in chief, urban road green space planning and design, 1996, Southeast University press。