最新英语16种时态8大语态【完整精编版】资料
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16种时态及语态总结时态和语态是英语语法中的重要内容,它们能够帮助我们更准确、清晰地表达动作发生的时间和状态。
接下来,让我们详细了解一下英语中的 16 种时态及语态。
一、一般现在时一般现在时表示经常发生的动作、习惯性的动作或客观事实、真理。
其形式为:主语+动词原形(当主语为第三人称单数时,动词要加“s”或“es”)。
例如:“I play basketball every day”(我每天打篮球。
)“He likes music”(他喜欢音乐。
)其被动语态为:am/is/are +过去分词例如:“The book is written by him”(这本书是他写的。
)二、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
其形式为:主语+动词的过去式。
比如:“I went to Beijing last year”(我去年去了北京。
)被动语态为:was/were +过去分词例如:“The house was built in 1980”(这座房子建于 1980 年。
)三、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
常见形式有:will +动词原形;be going to +动词原形。
例如:“I will visit my grandparents next week”(下周我将看望我的祖父母。
)“She is going to have a party”(她打算举办一个聚会。
)其被动语态为:will be +过去分词;be going to be +过去分词例如:“The meeting will be held tomorrow”(会议将在明天举行。
)“The sports meeting is going to be cancelled”(运动会将要被取消。
)四、过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
其形式为:would +动词原形;was/were going to +动词原形。
英语中的十六种时态(1)一般现在时基本形式(以do为例):第三人称单数:does(主语为非第三人称单数);肯定句:主语+动词原形+其他;He works for us.否定句:主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他;He doesn't work for us.一般疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他。
肯定回答:Yes,(+主语+do/does).否定回答:No,(+主语+don't/doesn't.)特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句语Does he work for us?Yes, he does.No, he doesn'tWhat does he do for us?He works for us.(2)一般过去时be动词+行为动词的过去式否定句式:在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词,或was/were+not;was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词例如: Did he work for us?He didn't work for us.He worked for us.(3)一般将来时am/are/is+going to+do 或will/shall+doam/is/are/about to + doam/is/are to + do;一般将来时的表达方法be going to +动词原形be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to +动词原形be able to +不定式be about to+动词原形will + 动词原形;例如:He is going to work for us.He will work for us;He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时表达将来时态的例子!!(4)过去将来时be(was,were)going to+动词原形be(was,were)about to+动词原形be(was,were)to+动词原形肯定句:主语+be(was,were)going to+动词原形~.否定句:主语+be(was,were)not going to+动词原形~.疑问句:Be(Was,Were)+主语+going to+动词原形~?肯定句:主语+would(should)+动词原形~.否定句:主语+would(should)not+动词原形~.疑问句:Would(Should)+主语+动词原形~?He would work for us.(5)现在进行时主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词)表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。
英语中的16种时态与被动语态※ 1.一般现在时※基本结构:S + V(原形)被动语态:受动者+ am / is / are + V(过去分词)※ 2.一般过去时※基本结构:S + V(过去式)被动语态:受动者+ was / were + V(过去分词)※ 3.一般将来时※基本结构: S + will / shall / be (am / is / are) going to +V(原形)被动语态:受动者+ will + be + V(过去分词)※ 4.一般过去将来时※基本结构:S + would + V(原形)被动语态:受动者+ would + be + V(过去分词)基本结构:S + am / is / are + V ing被动语态:受动者+ am / is /are + being + V(过去分词)※ 6.过去进行时※基本结构:S + was / were + V ing被动语态:受动者+ was / were + being +V(过去分词)※7.将来进行时※基本结构:S + will + be + V ing被动语态:受动者+ will + being + V(过去分词)※8.过去将来进行时※基本结构:S + would + be + V ing被动语态:受动者+ would + being + V(过去分词)基本结构:S + have / has + V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ have / has + been + V(过去分词)※10.过去完成时※基本结构:S + had + V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ had + been +V(过去分词)※11.将来完成时※基本结构:S+will+have+V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ will + have + been + V(过去分词)※12.过去将来完成时※基本结构:S + would + have + V(过去分词)被动语态:受动者+ would + have + been + V(过去分词)基本结构:S + have / has / + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ have + has + been + being + V(过去分词)※14.过去完成进行时※基本结构:S + had + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ had + been + being + V(过去分词)※15.将来完成进行时※基本结构:S + will + have + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ will + have + been + being + V(过去分词)※16.过去将来完成进行时※基本结构:S + would + have + been + V ing被动语态:受动者+ would+ have+ been +being + V(过去分词)。
16种时态及语态总结时态和语态是英语中非常重要的语法概念。
掌握不同的时态和语态,能够帮助我们准确地表达过去、现在和将来的动作和状态。
本文将总结英语中的16种时态及语态,并对每种时态和语态进行简要说明。
下面是对每种时态和语态的总结:1. 一般现在时态 (Simple Present Tense):- 表示目前的状态或习惯;- 常与频率副词一起使用。
2. 现在进行时态 (Present Continuous Tense):- 表示现在正在进行的动作;- 常与时间状语连用,如now、at the moment等。
3. 现在完成时态 (Present Perfect Tense):- 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响;- 常与for、since等时间状语连用。
4. 现在完成进行时态 (Present Perfect Continuous Tense):- 表示过去一段时间内一直持续的动作;- 常与时间段连用,如for、since等。
5. 一般过去时态 (Simple Past Tense):- 表示过去发生的动作或状态;- 常与表示具体时间的状语连用。
6. 过去进行时态 (Past Continuous Tense):- 表示过去某个时间段内正在进行的动作;- 常与表示具体时间的状语连用。
7. 过去完成时态 (Past Perfect Tense):- 表示过去某个时间点之前已经发生的动作;- 常与表示具体时间的状语连用。
8. 过去完成进行时态 (Past Perfect Continuous Tense): - 表示过去某个时间点之前一直持续的动作;- 常与表示具体时间的状语连用。
9. 一般将来时态 (Simple Future Tense):- 表示将来要发生的动作或状态;- 常与表示将来时间的状语连用。
10. 将来进行时态 (Future Continuous Tense):- 表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作;- 常与表示将来时间的状语连用。
一、教学目标:英语中8种常用时态的语法和运用时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。
因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
英语时态分为16种:一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时,以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。
其中最常用的是一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时,现在进行、现在完成、过去进行及过去完成,今天我们就这8种常用时态的语法极其运用做详细的讲解。
英语中时态不同,动词的形式也随之变化,掌握这些动词变化的基本规律显得尤为重要,因此这节课对于整个英语的学习非常重要,同学们一定要认真听讲,做好笔记,课下及时复习巩固。
十六种时态,其表现形式如下一般时进行时完成时完成进行时一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时一般过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时过去将来完成进行时(以study为例)一般时进行时完成时完成进行时现在study/studies be studying have studied have been studying 过去studied be studying had studied had been studying将来will study will be studying will have studied will have been studying过去将来would study would bestudyingwould have studied would have been studying 二、课程内容 1. 一般现在时 (与 every day, every week , always ,usually, seldom ,never 等连用.)用法:A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
B) 习惯用语。
目录16种时态 (1)1. 一般现在时 (2)2. 现在进行时(be doing) (3)3. 现在完成时(have done) (4)4. 现在完成进行时(have been doing) (5)5. 一般过去时 (6)6. 过去完成时(had done) (7)7. 过去将来时(would/ should do) (7)8. 过去进行时(was/ were doing) (8)9. 一般将来时 (8)10. 将来进行时(will be doing) (10)11. 将来完成时(will have done) (10)12将来完成进行时:shall have been doing ,will have been doing (11)13过去完成进行时:had been doing (11)14过去将来进行时:should be doing , would be doing (11)15 过去将来完成时:should have done , would have done (11)16 过去将来完成进行时:should have been doing , would have been doing (12)一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 (12)二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换 (12)三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换 (13)四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换 (13)We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday (13)时态区别 (13)一、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 (13)二、现在完成进行时和一般进行时 (14)三、现在完成进行时和现在完成时 (15)四、过去进行时和过去时的区别 (16)8种被动语态的构成 (17)(一)语态的基本概念和种类 (18)(二)被动语态的构成 (18)(三)被动语态的用法 (19)(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法与注意事项 (19)(五)不用被动语态的情况 (20)(六)复习时需要注意的要点 (22)附:英语语法术语的英文表达 (22)时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。
动词16个时态一、一般现在时1.概念:表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;和事实真理。
2.时间状语:Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day,year, month…),once a week(day, year,month…),on Sundays(on Mondays …),3。
基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)4。
否定形式:主语 + am/is/are + no t + 其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don’t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
6.例句:It seldom snows here。
这里很少下雪。
He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。
Action speaks louder than words。
事实胜于雄辩。
二、一般过去时1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night,month…),in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc。
3。
基本结构:主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词4.否定形式:主语 + was/were + not + 其他;在行为动词前加didn’t,同时还原行为动词.5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
16种时态及语态总结动词时态和语态是语法中的重要概念,不仅决定了句子表达的时间和动作的发出者,还对句子的结构和语气产生影响。
本文将对16种时态及语态进行总结,并对其用法进行深入解析。
1. 现在简单时态现在简单时态表示经常性、习惯性或客观真理等情况,一般形式为:主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数形式需加-s)。
例句:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起)2. 过去简单时态过去简单时态表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或状态,一般形式为:主语 + 动词过去式。
例句:She called me yesterday.(她昨天给我打电话)3. 将来简单时态将来简单时态表示将要发生的动作或状态,一般形式为:主语 +will + 动词原形。
例句:I will visit my parents next week.(下周我会去看望我的父母)4. 现在进行时态现在进行时态表示现在正在进行的动作,一般形式为:主语 +am/is/are + 动词的现在分词。
例句:They are studying in the library now.(他们现在正在图书馆学习)5. 过去进行时态过去进行时态表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,一般形式为:主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词。
例句:I was watching TV when he called me.(他给我打电话的时候,我正在看电视)6. 将来进行时态将来进行时态表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,一般形式为:主语 + will be + 动词的现在分词。
例句:She will be studying abroad this time next year.(明年这个时候她将在国外留学)7. 现在完成时态现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或状态,一般形式为:主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词。
例句:He has already finished his homework.(他已经完成了作业)8. 过去完成时态过去完成时态表示过去某个时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作,一般形式为:主语 + had + 动词的过去分词。
时态语态总结说明:1. 英语有16种时态,其中常见的有10种;2. 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时四种基本时态均有被动语态。
3. 现在进行时、过去进行时有被动语态,而将来进行时和过去将来进行时没有被动语态。
4. 现在完成时、过去完成时有被动语态,将来完成时和过去将来完成时很少用于被动结构。
5. 完成进行时均没有被动语态(包括现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时、将来完成进行时、过去将来完成进行时)。
注意:填充单元格为不常用时态。
▲用法及举例:1. 一般时态的被动语态一般时态的被动形式都由“助动词be+过去分词”构成(动作发生时间由be表现出来) (1) 一般现在时的被动语态In China, the railways are owned by the state. 在中国,铁路是国有的。
They are asked to shoulder the costs of the repair. 要求他们承担这笔修理费。
The new drug began to operate not long after it is taken. 这种新药服用后不久就会开始见效。
(2) 一般过去时的被动语态:Each couple was asked to complete a form. 要求每对夫妇填一张表。
The thief was handed over to the police. 这个小偷已经送交派出所了。
He was admitted into the club as a member. 他被接纳为俱乐部的会员。
(3) 一般将来时的被动语态:The hotel will be closed during repairs. 那家饭店在整修期间将停业。
Light refreshments will be served after the meeting. 会议之后有简单茶点招待。
If you don’t give care to your work, you will be fired. 如果你不细心工作,你会被解聘的。
【注】本人就是根据这套时态讲解学懂了语法,语法是关键,不管背单词还是课文弄懂了语法背起来非常轻松所谓磨刀不误砍柴工,语法是学习英语的重要精髓,单一的词汇累积死记硬背真正到了国外是无法交流的,各位烤鸭们现在开始认真学习语法吧一、一般现在时(The Simple Present Tense)1、结构1)(Active) do; does2)(Passive) is (am, are) done2、主要用法①表示经常发生的动作和存在的状态。
e.g. I often come to school early.②表示主语的特征,性格和能力。
e.g. He is an engineer. He looks young.③表示客观事实,或普遍真理。
e.g. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
④在时间,条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。
e.g. I’ll tell him about it when he returns home.⑤表示按时刻表计划或安排好的动作。
(只限于表示起始或移动意义的动词。
begin, come, leave, start, arrive, go, etc.)e.g. I will find out when the train leaves.The plane for San Francisco takes off at three p.m..3、与一般现在时连用的时间状语:every day, once a week, twice a week, always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never etc.e.g. I go to the cinema once a week.e.g. Sometimes we work until twelve o’clock.4、主动变被动1)Do you often clean your room?Is your room often cleaned?2)People speak English in many countries.English is spoken in many countries.二、一般过去时(The Simple Past Tense)1、结构1)(Active) did2)(Passive) was/were done2、主要用法①表示过去的动作或状态。
②表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作,也可用:used to + v. 或 would + v.e.g. He used to have two brothers.e.g. When he was free, he would go and help others.③在条件和时间状语从句中,表示过去将来的动作。
e.g. I told him I would lend him my bike if Mr. Smith returned it to me the next day.3、一般过去时常与这些时间状语连用:yesterday, before liberation, in 1960, two years ago, last month, in the past, the other day, etc.e.g. I happened to meet him in the street the other day.4、主动变被动1)The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl.The little girl was frightened by the tiger in the zoo.2)They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.He was given a medal for his wonderful work.三、一般将来时(The Simple Future Tense)1、结构1)(Active) will do /shall2)(Passive) will/shall be done2、主要用法①表示将来的动作和状态。
e.g. The farmers will begin to pick apples next Monday.e.g. He will come to see us tomorrow.②表示将来的其他用法:<1>be going to + v. 表示打算、准备做的事,或根据迹象表明即将发生或肯定要发生的事。
e.g. How are you going to spend your holidays?It’s going to snow.There’s going to be a lot of trouble about this.<2>be about to + v.表示即刻要发生的动作。
*be about to…when…e.g. I was about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me and shouted at me “stop!”<3>be to + v. 表示安排或计划好的动作。
e.g. A new hospital is to be built in our district.We are to meet at the school gate at five o’clock this afternoon.<4>现在进行时表示按计划安排要发生的事。
限于某些瞬时动词,如:leave, go, come, arrive, start, etc.e.g. My uncle is arriving at 3:30p.m. tomorrow.3、一般将来时常与这些时间状语连用:tomorrow, next week, in a moment, in the future, etc.e.g. ---How soon will he be back?---He will be back in two weeks.4、主动变被动1)People will laugh at you if you wear that dress.You will be laughed at if you wear that dress.2)They won't hold the meeting until next Friday.The meeting won’t be held until next Friday.3)The doctor will ask the patient some questions before he gives her medicine.The patient will be asked some questions before she is given the medicine.四、过去将来时(The Past Future Tense)1、结构1)(Active) would do2)(Passive) would be done2、用法说明不能独立使用,通常用在宾语从句中,表示从过去某一点看,在将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. He told me that he would go to Beijing the next month.At that time I did not know if he would be able to finish the work on time.五、现在进行时(The Present Continuous Tense)1、结构1)(Active) is/am/are doing2)(Passive) is/am/are being done2、主要用法①表示说话的时刻正在进行的动作。
e.g. ---What are they doing?---They are playing in the garden.②表示现阶段正在进行的动作,尽管此刻这个动作可能并不在进行。
e.g. The manager is typing his letters these days.He is a teacher of physics, but he is now teaching math.She is working in a bookshop. 他目前在一家书店工作。
③现在进行时用来表示将来(Future use),即表示按计划或安排在最近将要进行的动作。
这种用法仅限于少数表示动作的动词,如arrive, come, go, have, leave, start, stay等。
e.g. How long are you staying in Xi'an? 你将在西安呆多久?We're having a holiday next Monday. 我们将在下星期一放假。
④现在进行时态如果同副词always, constantly, continually 等连用,常带有或褒或贬的语气。
e.g. He is always helping me with my English.(称赞)She is constantly coming late. 她老迟到。
(不满)3、注意*下列动词不能用进行时态:感官类:see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, look, seem, appear等感觉类:hate, love, fear, like, want, wish, prefer, refuse, forgive等存在类:be, exist, remain, stay, obtain占有从属类:have, possess, own, contain, belong, consist of等认知类:understand, know, believe, think, doubt, forget, remember等e.g. I understand what you mean.I love our great motherland.I (can) smell something burning.The flower smells sweet.六、过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense)1、结构1)(Active) was/were doing2)(Passive) was/were being done2、主要用法①表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。