2009-2011年上海各区县一模二模考十选九题型汇总
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初三数学 第1页 共6页2010年松江区初中毕业学业模拟考试数学参考答案及评分标准2010.4一、选择题1、D ;2、C ;3、B ;4、D ;5、A ;6、A 二、填空题7、1-; 8、3≥x ; 9、)1)(1(-+x x x ; 10、5=x ; 11、x y 2-=; 12、a 64.0;13、51; 14、5; 15、8; 16、4; 17、b a 3132+; 18、52 三、解答题19.解:原式=13133)32(322-++---………………………………5分 =734-……………………………………………………………………5分 20.解:方程两边同乘以)3)(3(-+x x 得:………………………………………1分)3(2)3(2942--++-=x x x x …………………………………………2分整理得:0342=+-x x …………………………………………………2分解得:11=x ,32=x ………………………………………………………3分 经检验:32=x 是原方程的增根;……………………………………………1分 所以,原方程的解为1=x . …………………………………………………1分 21.解:连接AF ,∵AD=AB ,F 是BD 的中点∴AF ⊥BC ,∴︒=∠90AFC …………………………………………………2分 在AFC Rt ∆中,︒=∠90AFC ∵E 是AC 的中点,∴421==AC EF ………………………………………3分 又∵FE ⊥AC ,∴24==CF AF …………………………………………2分 在AFB Rt ∆中,︒=∠90AFB∵2tan ==∠BFAFB ,∴22=BF ,∴102=AB ……………………3分 22.(1)160;0.4;40……3分(2)图略;……2分(3)90~80.……………2分(4)5000………………3分初三数学 第2页 共6页23.(1)证明:∵CE 平分∠BCD 、CF 平分∠GCD∴GCF DCF DCE BCE ∠=∠∠=∠,……………………………………1分∵EF ∥BC ,∴GCF EFC FEC BCE ∠=∠∠=∠,………………………1分 ∴DCF EFC FEC DCE ∠=∠∠=∠,………………………………………1分 ∴OE=OC ,OF=OC ,∴OE=OF ……………………………………………2分 (2)∵点O 为CD 的中点,∴OD=OC ,又OE=OF∴四边形DECF 是平行四边形………………………………………………2分∵CE 平分∠BCD 、CF 平分∠GCD∴DCG DCF BCD DCE ∠=∠∠=∠21,21 ………………………………2分 ∴︒=∠+∠=∠+∠90)21(21DCG BCD DCF DCE ………………………2分即︒=∠90ECF ,∴四边形DECF 是矩形 ………………………………1分 24.解:(1)因为直线343+-=x y 分别与x 轴、y 轴交于点A 和点B . 由,0=x 得3=y ,0=y ,得4=x , 所以)0,4(A )3,0(B ……………1分 把)0,1(-C )3,0(B 代入c ax ax y +-=42中,得⎩⎨⎧=++=043c a a c , 解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-==533a c …………………………………2分 ∴这个二次函数的解析式为3512532++-=x x y ……………………………1分 527)2(532+--=x y ,P 点坐标为P )527,2( ………………………………1分(2)设二次函数图象的对称轴与直线343+-=x y 交于E 点,与x 轴交于F 点把2-=x 代入343+-=x y 得,初三数学 第3页 共6页23=y , ∴)23,2(E ,∴103923527=-=PE …………………………1分∵PE//OB ,OF=AF , ∴AE BE =∵AD ∥BP ,∴DE PE =,5392==PE PD ……………………………2分(3)∵)23,2(E , ∴25494=+=OE ,∴OE ED > 设圆O 的半径为r ,以PD 为直径的圆与圆O 相切时,只有外切,………1分 ∴251039=-r , 解得:5321=r ,572=r ……………………………3分 即圆O 的半径为532或5725.解:1(1)∵ 90=∠=∠FEB DEC ,∴BEC DEF ∠=∠……………1分∵90=∠+∠=∠+∠DCP BCE DCP EDF ,…………………………1分 ∴BCE EDF ∠=∠,∴△DEF ∽△CEB …………………………………1分(2)∵PDC Rt ∆中,CP DE ⊥,∴90=∠=∠CED CDP∴△DEC ∽△PDC ,∴DCPDEC DE = ………………………………………1分 ∵△DEF ∽△CEB ,∴DCDFCB DF EC DE ==…………………………………1分 ∴DCDFDC PD =,∴DF PD =………………………………………………1分 ∵AP =x ,DF =y ,∴,1x PD -= ∴x y -=1 ……………………………1分)10(<<x …………………………………………………………………1分(3)∵△DEF ∽△CEB ,∴22CBDF S S CE B DE F =∆∆ (1) …………………………1分 ∵CF DF S S CE F DE F =∆∆(2),∴(1)÷(2)得2CB CFDF S S CE B cE F ⋅=∆∆ ……………1分 又∵E F C B E C S S ∆∆=4,∴412=⋅=∆∆CB CF DF S S CE B cE F ……………………………1分初三数学 第4页 共6页当P 点在边DA 上时, 有411)1(=⋅-x x ,解得21=x ………………………………………………2分 当P 点在边DA 的延长线上时,411)1(=⋅+x x ,解得212-=x ……………………………………………1分长宁一、选择题(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分.)1.D2.C3.A4.B5.C6.D二、填空题(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分.填对得4分,填错或不填、多填均得0分) 7. 2 8.1 9.x 5 10. 1 11. b a - 12. 3±≠x 13. 2321+=x y 14. △OAF ,△OED 15.0120-22=+x x (或()12112=+x ,()12111=+++x x x )16.31 17.()b a +43(或b a 4343+) 18. 30三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.(本题10分)解:︒︒-︒+︒60sin 30sin 260sin 30sin 22=()260sin 30sin ︒-︒ ………4分=22321⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-=2321- ……………… 4分 =213-(或2123-) …… 2分 20.(本题10分)解:整理(1)\(2)得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+>+->335211x x x (2)初三数学 第5页 共6页()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧->-+-+>22212121x x⎩⎨⎧<+->22)21(x x …………… 2分⎩⎨⎧<-->121x x …… …….2分∴ 121<<--x …… ……..1分∴不等式组的整数解为-2,-1,0 …….. 3分21.(本题10分)(1)80;…… ………..2分(2)0.05 ;…… …...2分 (3)84;…… ……..3分(4)不合理,初三年级学生的随机样本不能代表该校全体学生。
静安区“学业效能实证研究”学习质量调研九年级数学学科 2011.4(满分150分,100分钟完成)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本调研卷上答题一律无效.2.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤. 一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)[每小题只有一个正确选项,在答题纸相应题号的选项上用2B 铅笔正确填涂] 1.下列各数中与213-相等的是(A )3 (B )3- (C )33 (D )33- 2.不等式组⎩⎨⎧>-->1,2x x 的解集是(A )2->x (B )1->x (C )1-<x (D )12-<<-x 3.下列问题中,两个变量成反比例的是(A )长方形的周长确定,它的长与宽; (B )长方形的长确定,它的周长与宽; (C )长方形的面积确定,它的长与宽; (D )长方形的长确定,它的面积与宽. 4.一支篮球队准备购买10双运动鞋,各种尺码统计如下表:尺码(厘米) 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 购买量(双)11242则这10双运动鞋尺码的众数和中位数分别为(A )26厘米,26厘米 (B )26.5厘米,26.5厘米 (C )26.5厘米,26厘米 (D )26厘米,26.5厘米 5.三角形的重心是三角形的(A )三条中线的交点 (B )三条角平分线的交点 (C )三边垂直平分线的交点 (D )三条高所在直线的交点 6.下列图形中,可能是中心对称图形的是二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)[在答题纸相应题号后的空格内直接填写答案] 7.计算:|21|20-+= ▲ . 8.化简:=+-a a a1▲ . 9.如果关于x 的方程0)12(22=+--m x m x 有两个实数根,那么m 的取值范围是 ▲ .10. 将二元二次方程0562=+-x xy x 化为二个一次方程为 ▲ . 11.如果函数kxy =(k 为常数)的图像经过点(–1,–2),那么y 随着x 的增大而 ▲ .12. 如果02)1()1(2=-+-+x x , 那么=+1x ▲ .13.在一个袋中,装有四个除数字外其它完全相同的小球,球面上分别标有1、2、3、4这四个数字,从中随机摸出两个球,球面数字的和为奇数的概率是 ▲ . 14.为了了解某校九年级学生的身体素质情况,在该校九年级随机抽取50位学生进行一分钟跳绳次数测试,以测试数据为样本,绘制出频数分布直方图(如图,每组数据可含最小值,不含最大值),如果在一分钟内跳绳次数少于120次的为不合格,那么可以估计该校九年级300名学生中跳绳不合格的人数为 ▲ . 15.正五边形每个外角的度数是 ▲ .16.在△ABC 中,点D 在边BC 上,BD =2CD ,b AC a AB ==,,那么=AD ▲ . 17.已知⊙1O 与⊙2O 两圆内含,321=O O ,⊙1O 的半径为5,那么⊙2O 的半径r 的取值范围是 ▲ .18.在△ABC 中,∠C=90°,AC=4,BC=2,△ABC 绕着点C 旋转后, 点B 落在AC 边上的点B ’,点A 落在点A ’,那么tan ∠AA ’B ’的值为 ▲ .三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)(第14题图)80 100 120 140 160 180 跳绳次数4 8 12 16频数 O[将下列各题的解答过程,做在答题纸的相应位置上] 19.(本题满分10分)化简:yx y y x x-++,并求当y x 3=时的值.20.(本题满分10分) 解方程:122432=++-x x .21.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分3分,第(2)小题满分7分)已知:如图,在梯形ABCD 中,DC ∥AB ,AD =BC ,BD 平分∠ABC ,∠A =60°. 求:(1)求∠CDB 的度数;(2)当AD =2时,求对角线BD 的长和梯形ABCD 的面积.22.(本题满分10分第(1)小题满分8分,第(2)小题满分2分)A 、B 两城间的公路长为450千米,甲、乙两车同时从A 城出发沿这一公路驶向B 城,甲车到达B 城1小时后沿原路返回.如图是它们离A 城的路程y (千米)与行驶时间 x (小时)之间的函数图像.(1)求甲车返回过程中y 与x 之间的函数解析式,并写出函数的定义域;(2)乙车行驶6小时与返回的甲车相遇,求乙车的行驶速度.23.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题满分6分,第(2)小题满分6分)已知:如图,在□ABCD 中,点E 、F 分别是AB 、CD 的中点,CE 、AF 与对角线BD 分别相交于点G 、H . (1) 求证:DH=HG=BG ;CDFHx (小时)y (千米)45010 4 5OFC ED(第22题图)(第21题图)ABCD(2) 如果AD ⊥BD ,求证:四边形EGFH 是菱形.24.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题满分3分,第(2)小题满分9分)如图, 二次函数22++=bx ax y 的图像与x 轴、y 轴的交点分别为A 、B ,点C 在这个二次函数的图像上,且∠ABC =90º,∠CAB =∠BAO ,21tan =∠BAO .(1)求点A 的坐标;(2)求这个二次函数的解析式.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分6分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分3分)如图,在半径为5的⊙O 中,点A 、B 在⊙O 上,∠AOB =90º,点C 是AB 上的一个动点,AC 与OB 的延长线相交于点D ,设AC =x ,BD =y .(1) 求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出它的定义域;(2) 如果⊙1O 与⊙O 相交于点A 、C ,且⊙1O 与⊙O 的圆心距为2,当BD =31OB 时,求⊙1O 的半径; (3) 是否存在点C ,使得△DCB ∽△DOC ?如果存在,请证明;如果不存在,请简要说明理由.BDCAO(第25题图)ACB Oxy(第23题图) (第24题图)静安区质量调研九年级数学试卷参考答案及评分标准2011.4.14一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分) 1.C ; 2.D ; 3.C ; 4.B ; 5.A ; 6.D . 二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分)7.2; 8.12-a a ; 9.41≤m ; 10.056,0=+-=y x x ; 11.增大; 12.2;13.32; 14.72; 15.72; 16.b a 3231+; 17.820><<r r 或;18.31.三、(本大题共7题,第19、20、21、22题每题10分,第23、24题每题12分,第25题14分,满分78分)19.解:原式=yx y xy yx xy x -++--……………………………………………………………(5分) =yx yx -+……………………………………………………………………………(2分)当y x 3=时,原式=32131333+=-+=-+yy y y .………………………………(3分)20.解:4)2(232-=-+x x ,……………………………………………………………(3分)0322=--x x ,………………………………………………………………………(2分)0)3)(1(=-+x x ,……………………………………………………………………(2分)3,121=-=x x .………………………………………………………………………(2分)经检验:1-=x ,3=x 都是原方程的根.………………………………………(1分) 所以原方程的根是3,121=-=x x .21. 解:(1) ∵在梯形ABCD 中,DC ∥AB ,AD =BC ,∠A =60°,∴∠CBA =∠A =60º. ………………………………………………………………(1分)∵BD 平分∠ABC ,∴∠CDB =∠ABD =21∠CBA=30º,………………………(2分)(2)在△ACD 中,∵∠ADB =180º–∠A –∠ABD=90º.……………………………(1分)∴BD=AD tan ⋅A =2tan60º=23.…………………………………………………(1分)过点D 作DH ⊥AB ,垂足为H ,……………………………………………………(1分)∴AH =AD sin ⋅A =2sin60º=3.……………………………………………………(1分)∵∠CDB =∠CBD =21∠CBD =30º,∴DC =BC =AD =2. …………………………(1分)∵AB =2AD =4, ………………………………………………………………………(1分)∴333)24(21)(21=+=⋅+=DH CD AB S ABCD 梯形.…………………………(1分)22.解:(1)设甲车返回过程中y 与x 之间的函数解析式b kx y +=,……………………(1分)∵图像过(5,450),(10,0)两点,………………………………………………(1分)∴⎩⎨⎧=+=+.010,4505b k b k ……………………………………………………………………(2分)解得⎩⎨⎧=-=.900,90b k ………………………………………………………………………(2分)∴90090+-=x y .……………………………………………………………………(1分)函数的定义域为5≤x ≤10.……………………………………………………………(1分)2)当6=x 时,360900690=+⨯-=y ,………………………………………………(1分)606360==乙v (千米/小时). ………………………………………………………(1分) 23.证明:(1)∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,∴AB //CD ,AB =CD .…………………(1分)∵点E 、F 分别是AB 、CD 的中点,∴21===CD DF AB DF HB DH .…………………………………………………………(2分)∴DH =BD 31.………………………………………………………………………(1分)同理:BG =BD 31.…………………………………………………………………(1分)∴DH =HG =GB =BD 31.……………………………………………………………(1分)(2)联结EF ,交BD 于点O .…………………………………………………………(1分)∵AB //CD ,AB =CD ,点E 、F 分别是AB 、CD 的中点,∴12121====AB CDBE DF BO OD EO FO .…………………………………………………(1分)∴FO =EO ,DO =BO .………………………………………………………………(1分)∵DH =GB ,∴OH =OG .∴四边形EGFH 是平行四边形.……………………(1分)∵点E 、O 分别是AB 、BD 的中点,∴OE //AD .∵AD ⊥BD ,∴EF ⊥GH .…………………………………………………………(1分)∴□HEGF 是菱形.………………………………………………………………(1分)24.解:(1)二次函数22++=bx ax y 的图像y 轴的交点为B (0,2),………………(1分)在Rt △AOB 中,∵OB =2,21tan ==∠OA OB BAO ,………………………………(1分)∴OA =4,∴点A 的坐标(4,0).…………………………………………………(1分)(2)过点C 作CD ⊥y 轴,垂足为D ,…………………………………………………(1分)∵∠CDB =∠ABC =∠AOB =90º,∴∠CBD =180º–∠ABC –∠ABO =90º–∠ABO =∠BAO .………………………(1分)∴△CDB ∽△BOA ,…………………………………………………………………(1分)∵∠CAB =∠BAO ,∴21tan tan =∠=∠=BAO CAB AB CB ,………………………(1分)∴21===AB CB OA BD OB CD .……………………………………………………………(1分)∴OC =1,BD =2,∴OD =4.∴C (1,4).…………………………………………(1分)∵点A 、C 在二次函数22++=bx ax y 的图像上,∴⎩⎨⎧++=++=,24,24160b a b a …………………………………………………………………(1分)∴⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=-=.617,65b a …………………………………………………………………………(1分)∴二次函数解析式为2617652++-=x x y .………………………………………(1分)25.解:(1)过⊙O 的圆心作OE ⊥AC ,垂足为E ,………………………………………(1分)∴AE =x AC 2121=,OE =2224125x AE AO -=-.…………………………(1分)∵∠DEO =∠AOB =90º,∴∠D =90º–∠EOD =∠AOE ,∴△ODE ∽△AOE .………(1分)∴AEAOOE OD =,∵OD =5+y ,∴25412552x x y =-+.………………………………(1分)∴y 关于x 的函数解析式为:xxx y 510052--=.……………………………(1分)定义域为:250<<x .………………………………………………………(1分)(2)当BD =31OB 时,35=y ,x x x 51005352--=.…………………………………(1分)∴6=x .……………………………………………………………………………(2分)∴AE =321=x ,OE =43522=-. 当点1O 在线段OE 上时,211=-=OO OE E O ,1332222211=+=+=AE E O A O .…………………………………………(1分)当点1O 在线段EO 的延长线上时,611=+=OO OE E O ,5336222211=+=+=AE E O A O .…………………………………………(1分)1O 的半径为13或53.(3)存在,当点C 为AB 的中点时,△DCB ∽△DOC .…………………………………(1分)证明如下:∵当点C 为AB 的中点时,∠BOC=∠AOC=21∠AOB=45º, 又∵OA=OC=OB ,∴∠OCA=∠OCB =︒=︒-5.67245180, ∴∠DCB =180º–∠OCA –∠OCB=45º.…………………………………………(1分)∴∠DCB =∠BOC .又∵∠D =∠D ,∴△DCB ∽△DOC .………………………(1分)∴存在点C ,使得△DCB ∽△DOC .。
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一、选择题:(以下部分为:宝山区....届高三第一学期期末考试...........)...20091.我国自主研制的“神七”载人飞船于2008年9月25日21时10分04秒,在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射。
第583秒火箭将飞船送到近地点200km,远地点350km的椭圆轨道的入口,箭船分离。
21时33分变轨成功,飞船进入距地球表面约343km的圆形预定轨道,绕行一周约90分钟,关于“神七”载人飞船在预定轨道上运行时下列说法中正确的是()A.“神七”载人飞船可以看作是地球的一颗同步卫星B.飞船由于完全失重,飞船中的宇航员不再受到重力的作用C.当飞船要离开圆形轨道返回地球时,要启动助推器让飞船速度增大D.飞船绕地球运行的角速度比月球绕地球运行的角速度大2.如图所示,小车内有一固定光滑斜面,一个小球通过细绳与车顶相连,小车在水平面上做直线运动,细绳始终保持竖直,关于小车的运动及小球的受力情况下列说法中正确的是()A.若小车向右运动,小球一定只受两个力的作用B.若小车向右运动,小球可能受三个力的作用C.若小车向左运动,绳对小球的拉力可能为零D.若小车向左运动,斜面对小球的支持力可能为零(以下部分为:崇明县...........)....届高三第一学期期末考试...20093.光滑的水平面上固定着一个螺旋形光滑水平轨道,俯视如图所示。
一个小球以一定速度沿轨道切线方向进入轨道,以下关于小球运动的说法中正确的是()v第3题第5题A .轨道对小球做正功,小球的线速度不断增大B .轨道对小球做正功,小球的角速度不断增大C .轨道对小球不做功,小球的角速度不断增大D .轨道对小球不做功,小球的线速度不断增大 4.为了安全,汽车在行驶途中,车与车之间必须保持一定的距离,这是因为从驾驶员看见某一情况到采取制动动作的反应时间里,汽车仍然要通过一段距离,这个距离称为反应距离,而从采取制动动作到汽车停止运动通过的距离称为制动距离。
2009-2011年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试分类汇总班级__________________ 姓名__________________一、中考考点:_____________ 1. (2009)计算()23a的结果是( )(A )5a ; (B )6a ; (C )8a ; (D )9a . 7. (2010)计算:a 3 ÷ a 2 = __________. 7.(2011)计算:23a a ⋅=__________.二、中考考点:_____________9. (2010)分解因式:a 2 ─ a b = ______________. 8.(2011)因式分解:229x y -=_______________.三、中考考点:_____________1. (2010)下列实数中,是无理数的为( )A . 3.14B . 13C . 3D . 91.(2011)下列分数中,能化为有限小数的是( ).(A) 13; (B) 15; (C) 17; (D) 19 .四、中考考点:_____________ 2. (2009)不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩的解集是( )(A )1x >-; (B )3x <; (C )13x -<<; (D )31x -<<. 10. (2010)不等式 3 x ─ 2 > 0 的解集是____________. 2.(2011)如果a >b ,c <0,那么下列不等式成立的是( ).(A) a +c >b +c ; (B) c -a >c -b ; (C) ac >bc ; (D) a b c c> .五、中考考点:_____________4. (2009)抛物线()22y x m n =++(m 、n 是常数)的顶点坐标是( )(A )(m 、n ); (B )(m 、n -); (C )(m -、n ); (D )(m -、n -). 4.(2011)抛物线y =-(x +2)2-3的顶点坐标是( ).5. (2009)下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )(A )正六边形; (B )正五边形; (C )正四边形; (D )正三边形.6. (2010)已知圆O 1、圆O 2的半径不相等,圆O 1的半径长为3,若圆O 2上的点A 满足AO 1 = 3,则圆O 1与圆O 2的位置关系是( )(A )相交或相切 (B )相切或相离 (C )相交或内含 (D )相切或内含6.(2011)矩形ABCD 中,AB =8,BC =P 在边AB 上,且BP =3AP ,如果圆P 是以点P 为圆心,PD 为半径的圆,那么下列判断正确的是( ).(A) 点B 、C 均在圆P 外; (B) 点B 在圆P 外、点C 在圆P 内; (C) 点B 在圆P 内、点C 在圆P 外; (D) 点B 、C 均在圆P 内.七、中考考点:_____________6. (2009)如图1,已知AB ∥CD ∥EF,那么下列结论正确的是( )(A )AD BC DF CE =; (B )BC DFCE AD =; (C )CD BC EF BE = ; (D )CD ADEF AF=. 5. (2010)下列命题中,是真命题的为( ) A .锐角三角形都相似 B .直角三角形都相似C .等腰三角形都相似D .等边三角形都相似5.(2011)下列命题中,真命题是( ).(A)周长相等的锐角三角形都全等; (B) 周长相等的直角三角形都全等; (C)周长相等的钝角三角形都全等; (D) 周长相等的等腰直角三角形都全等.八、中考考点:_____________8. (2009)1的根是 . 11. (2010)方程 x + 6 = x 的根是____________. 10.(2011)函数y =_____________.九、中考考点:_____________9. (2009)关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = . 3. (2010)已知一元二次方程 x + x ─ 1 = 0,下列判断正确的是( )A .该方程有两个相等的实数根B .该方程有两个不相等的实数根C .该方程无实数根D .该方程根的情况不确定9.(2011)如果关于x 的方程220x x m -+=(m 为常数)有两个相等实数根,那么m =______. A B C DEF图110. (2009)已知函数()11f x x=-,那么()3f = . 12. (2010)已知函数 f ( x ) =1x 2+ 1,那么f ( ─ 1 ) = ___________.十一、中考考点:_____________ 11. (2009)反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限. 2. (2010)在平面直角坐标系中,反比例函数 y = kx ( k <0 ) 图像的量支分别在( )A .第一、三象限B .第二、四象限C .第一、二象限D .第三、四象限 11.(2011)如果反比例函数ky x=(k 是常数,k ≠0)的图像经过点(-1,2),那么这个函数的解析式是_____.十二、中考考点:_____________12. (2009)将抛物线22y x =-向上平移1个单位后,得到新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式为 .13. (2010)将直线 y = 2 x ─ 4 向上平移5个单位后,所得直线的表达式是______________. 12.(2011)一次函数y =3x -2的函数值y 随自变量x 值的增大而_____________(填“增大”或“减小”).十三、中考考点:_____________13. (2009)如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”的志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 .14. (2010)若将分别写有“生活”、“城市”的2张卡片,随机放入“ 让 更美好”中的两个 内(每个 只放1张卡片),则其中的文字恰好组成“城市让生活更美好”的概率是__________ 13.(2011)有8只型号相同的杯子,其中一等品5只,二等品2只和三等品1只,从中随机抽取1只杯子,恰好是一等品的概率是__________.十四、中考考点:_____________14. (2009)某商品的原价是100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用m 的代数式表示).14.(2011)某小区2010年屋顶绿化面积为2000平方米,计划2012年屋顶绿化面积要达到2880平15. (2009)如图2,在ABC ∆中,AD 是BC 边上的中线,设向量AB a =, BC b = ,如果用a 、b 表示向量AD ,那么AD= .15. (2010)如图1,平行四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 、BD 交于点O 设向量=, =b ,则向量 =__________.(结果用、b15.(2011)如图1,AM 是△ABC 的中线,设向量AB a = ,BC b =,那么向量AM =____________(结果用a 、b 表示).十六、中考考点:_____________16. (2009)在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = .16.(2010)如图2,△ABC 中,点D 在边AB 上,满足∠ACD =∠ABC ,若AC = 2,AD = 1,则DB = __________.17.(2011)如图3,AB 、AC 都是圆O 的弦,OM ⊥AB ,ON ⊥AC ,垂足分别为M 、N ,如果MN =3,那么BC =_________.AO AB AD 图1B图2A B C M B C A ED A C D图318. (2009)在ABC Rt ∆中,︒=∠90BAC ,3=AB ,M 为BC 边上的点,联结AM (如图3所示). 如果将ABM ∆沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 .18. (2010)已知正方形ABCD 中,点E 在边DC 上,DE = 2,EC = 1(如图4所示) 把线段AE 绕点A 旋转,使点E 落在直线BC 上的点F 处,则F 、C 两点的距离为___________.18.(2011)Rt △ABC 中,已知∠C =90°,∠B =50°,点D 在边BC 上,BD =2CD (图5).把△ABC 绕着点D 逆时针旋转m (0<m <180)度后,如果点B 恰好落在初始Rt △ABC 的边上,那么m =_________.填空题其他中考考点:_____________ 3. (2009)用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( )(A )230y y +-=; (B )2310y y -+=; (C )2310y y -+=;(D )2310y y --=. 7. (2009)= . 17. (2009)在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 和BD 互相平分,交点为O ,在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需要添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 . 8. (2010)计算:( x + 1 ) ( x ─ 1 ) = ____________.17. (2010)一辆汽车在行驶过程中,路程 y (千米)与时间 x (小时)之间的函数关系如图3所示 当时 0≤x ≤1,y 关于x 的函数解析式为 y = 60 x ,那么当 1≤x ≤2时,y 关于x 的函数解析式为_____________.16. (2011)如图2, 点B 、C 、D 在同一条直线上,CE //AB ,∠ACB =90那么∠A =_________.C AOBM图4图2C M O C NA19. (2009)计算:()222211121a a a a a a +-÷+---+19. (2010)计算:12131271)()2-+-19. (2011)计算:0(3)1-+十九、中考考点:_____________20. (2009)解方程组21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩20. (2010)解方程:x x ─ 1 ─ 2 x ─ 2x ─ 1 = 020.(2011)解方程组:222,230.x y x xy y -=⎧⎨--=⎩① ②21. (2009)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC ,8==CD AB ,︒=∠60B ,12=BC ,联结AC .(1)求ACB ∠tan 的值;(2)若M 、N 分别是AB 、CD 的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长.21. (2010)机器人“海宝”在某圆形区域表演“按指令行走”,如图5所示,“海宝”从圆心O 出发,先沿北偏西67.4°方向行走13米至点A 处,再沿正南方向行走14米至点B 处,最后沿正东方向行走至点C 处,点B 、C 都在圆O 上.(1)求弦BC 的长;(2)求圆O 的半径长.(本题参考数据:sin 67.4° = 1213 ,cos 67.4° = 513 ,tan 67.4° = 125 )21.(2011)如图5,点C 、D 分别在扇形AOB 的半径OA 、OB 的延长线上,且OA =3,AC =2,CD 平行于AB ,并与弧AB 相交于点M 、N .(1)求线段OD 的长;(2)若1tan 2C ∠=,求弦MN 的长.图5AB C D 图4图522. (2009)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试. 所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表所示;5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出). (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是;(2)在所有被测试者中,就年级的人数是 ;(3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .22. (2010)某环保小组为了解世博园的游客在园区内购买瓶装饮料数量的情况,一天,他们分别在A、B 、C 三个出口处, 对离开园区的游客进行调查,其中在A 出口调查所得的数据整理后绘成图6.(1)在A 出口的被调查游客中,购买2瓶及2瓶以上饮料的游客人数占A 出口的被调查游客人数的__________%(2)试问A (3)已知B 、C 的数量如表一所示 若C 出口的被调查人数比B 出口的被 调查人数多2万,且B 、C 两个出口的被调查游客在园区 内共购买了49万瓶饮料,试问B 出口的被调查游客人数为多少万?22.(2011)据报载,在“百万家庭低碳行,垃圾分类要先行”活动中,某地区对随机抽取的1000名公民的年龄段分布情况和对垃圾分类所持态度进行调查,并将调查结果分别绘成条形图(图6)、扇形图(图7).(1)图7中所缺少的百分数是____________;(2)这次随机调查中,如果公民年龄的中位数是正整数,那么这个中位数所在年龄段是________________(填写年龄段);(3)这次随机调查中,年龄段是“25岁以下”的公民中“不赞成”的有5名,它占“25岁以下”人数的百分数是_____________;(4)如果把所持态度中的“很赞同”和“赞同”统称为“支持”,那么这次被调查公民中“支持”的人有_______________名.图5 很赞同39%不赞同18%一般图6 表 一10%20%35%25%10%百分数图6 图723. (2009)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB 、CD , E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示). (1)添加条件D A ∠=∠,OFE OEF ∠=∠. 求证:DC AB =.(2)分别将“D A ∠=∠”记为①,“OFE OEF ∠=∠”记为②,“DC AB =”记为③.添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题.(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 23.(2010)已知梯形ABCD 中,AD//BC ,AB=AD (如图7所示),∠BAD 的平分线AE 交BC 于点E ,连结DE .(1)在图7中,用尺规作∠BAD 的平分线AE (保留作图痕迹,不写作法),并证明四边形ABED 是菱形;(2)∠ABC =60°,EC=2BE ,求证:ED ⊥DC .23.(2011)如图,在梯形ABCD 中,AD //BC ,AB =DC ,过点D 作DE ⊥BC ,垂足为E ,并延长DE 至F ,使EF =DE .联结BF 、CD 、AC . (1)求证:四边形ABFC 是平行四边形;(2)如果DE 2=BE ·CE ,求证四边形ABFC 是矩形.图7A DBC O EF 图6。
(长宁)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.conceptB. demandC. drawnD. complainE. ownF. firmG. practiceH. relationshipI. recognizeJ. printedWhy is there no risk to the customer when a bank prints the customer's name on his cheques? When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may 41 at any time. Primarily, the banker-customer 42 is that of debtor and creditor (债权人). Who is which depends on whether the customer's account is in credit or is overdrawn. But, in addition to that basically simple 43 the bank and its customers 44 a large number of duties to one another.Many of these duties can give rise to problems but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot 45 that the law is loaded against him.The bank must obey its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else's. When, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit (借记) his account only in respect of cheques 46 by himself. He gives the bank sample of his signature, and there is a very 47 rule that the bank has no right to pay out a customer's money on a cheque on which its customer's signature has been forged (伪造) . It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skilful one; the bank must 48 its customer's signature. For this reason there is no risk to the customer in the 49 , adopted by banks, of printing the customer's name on his cheques. If this results in forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer.41-45BHAED 46-50CFIGA. distastefulB. telephoningC. individualD. fightE. surroundingF. chemicals G evolution H. botanist I. escape J. survivalWhen you watch TV programmes about wild animals. It is amazing to see how an African animal can 41 a fion's attack. In the wilderness, every one has a stunt (绝技). Even plants have their own ways of fighting off enemies.Over millions of years of 42 . plants have developed a unique defence system. Chemicals are wildly used for 43 . By making their leaves, flowers, stems, roots and fruits44 or poisonous to animals, plants can fight back.One such plant is the Golden Wattle tree. British 45 David Cameron has found when an animal eats the tree's leaves, the amount of poisonous tannin(单宁) increases in the other leaves. "It's like the damaged leaves 46 the others telling them to fight together against the enemy," he said.The tree also sends defence messages to neighboring plants by giving out a special smell. Golden Wattle tree in the 47 45 meters will get the message and produce more tannin within 10 minutes. Now, if an animal eats too many of the trees' leaves, it will die.Every species of plant or tree specializes in the production of a particular set of 48 . A plant-eating animal that can safely eat the leaves of one tree may be poisoned by its neighbor.In this way, plants have developed not only 49 defence systems, but also shared them with others. This makes it impossible for a single animal to destroy even a small area of forest.41. I 42. G 43. J 44. A 45. H 46. B 47. E 48. F 49. CPeople from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in ___41____facial expressions –and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow reseacher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterner__42___ their attention on the eyes.“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and ___43___ the mouth.”According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human __44____ of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to _45_____ convey emotion in a cross-cultural situation.The reseachers studied cultural differences in the ___46___ of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western people and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of __47____ faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral(中立的). They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made __48____ more errors than did Weaterners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions.” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, __49____ how cultural factors have differed in these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.GAFDH ICEBA. increasingB. threatenedC. directionD. financialE. alternativeF. poisoningG. publishedH. regularlyI. originallyJ. knowledgeScientists and environmentalists have reached a growing agreement that time is running out for Planet Earth. The polar ice caps are melting. One in eight bird species are extinct. Air, water, and ground pollutants are 41 major population centers…But according to a recently 42 book, there is “a secret plan to save the Earth.” This plan is being carried out by a group of “eco barons.”Who are “eco barons”then? They are a band of visionaries (有远见的人) —some of the world’s wealthiest businessmen —who are using their wealth, their energy, their fame, and their 43 of law and science to persuade the world to take a new 44 to save the Earth. These people, both men and women, are the modern-day heroic counterparts (同等分量的人) to the evil 19th century robber masters who 45 set the world on the path to environmental destruction.Bill Gates and Warren Buffet are among the eco businessmen. These two wise investors, who regularly exchange places at the top of Forbes magazine’s annual list of world billionaires, have spent some of their 46 power on different areas. Gates has long sponsored 47 fuels such as oil from algae (藻类), while in Buffet’s case, it’s wind power and electric cars. Douglas Tompkins, the founder of the North Face and Esprit clothing lines, has also embraced environmentalism. He was always an outdoor adventurer —he would 48 disappear for months-long trips to the forests of South America —so when he burned out in the business world, Tompkins took his fortune, worth hundreds of millions of dollars, and began steadily buying acre after acre of 49 virgin forest in Chile. Tompkins and his wife have obtained more than two million acres for conservation in Chile.41. F 42. G43. J 44. C45. I46. D 47.E48. H49. B黄浦嘉定A. personalB. furtherC. aspectsD. tuitionE. degreesF. launchG. simplyH. created I. traditional J. revolutionizedBack in the last century self-study used to mean trying to learn from books. Then as technology moved on, electric products 41 the way people learn a language. Audio cassettes enabled people to practice listening, video provided a vivid cultural environment of the language, computers made interactivity possible, and the 42 of the Windows 95 operating system opened the door to full multimedia programs that could offer more than what the traditional materials could do.Today technology has moved on 43 . The Internet has served as a communication centre. The general use of email has 44 new opportunities for teachers to assist learning at a distance, which has an impact on 45 learning structures. As you can make more and more progress on your own, the role of the teacher is changing. Basic information and drill can be provided by computer; the teacher is then free to concentrate on the more important 46 : motivation and production of language in speech or writing.The latest development is a direct email link from self-study CD-ROMs to an online teacher. Now you can get 47 one-to-one tuition from any multimedia PC with an internet connection. When you need more help you 48 email the tutor. The tutor will know which course you are following and your results to date so he is able to provide good, relevant advice. All you do is buy the CD-ROM at normal price and then get additional 49 as you feel the need. So the self-study becomes distance learning with all its advantages of flexibility and low cost.41-45 JFBHI 46-49 CAGD杨浦青浦宝山A. breedB. commonC. limitD. spendsE. processF. purchasedG. tendsH. bayI. unnecessaryJ. neglectedWatching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma(哮喘) attack is frightening for any parent. So it is only natural that most moms and dads will try just about anything—including spending a lot of money—to keep an attack at __41__. Trouble is, more than half of parents are trying strategies that simply don’t work and wasting hundreds of dollars in the__42__.According to Dr. Michael Cabana, a pediatrician at the University of Michigan’s C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, who led the study, one of the most__43__ mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites(尘螨)for a child whose asthma instead was made even worse by plant pollen. Many of those parents then __44__ to do what would have helped a lot more: shut the windows to keep pollen out. Another was using a humidifier for a child who was allergic (过敏)to dust mites; a humidifier__45__ to be a place where dust mites like to __46__. With those allergies, a dehumidifier works better.Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn’t even t ry to quit or at least__47__ themselves to smoking outdoors rather than just moving to another room or the garage. Many smoking parents__48__ expensive air filters that have what Cabana called “questionable utility.”Part of the problem, Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe, is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners, ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically __49__. And doctors may not always take the time, or have the time, to explain to parents what will and won’t work in their child’s particular case.41—49 HEBJ G ACFIA. avoidB. accessC. socialD. civilizedE. servicesF. concentrateG. reflectH. safelyI. reachJ. bitterlyShanghai’s Civil Affairs Bureau is to set up temporary refuges for winter and next spring, so the homeless can survive the cold 41 . These shelters will provide food, shower 42 and accommodation. They will be open to receive new arrivals around the clock.To help the homeless through winter safe and sound is the bottom line for a 43 city. The life of a homeless person is not something that can be done away within several days. Almost every year, vagrants somewhere freeze to death, so to make special arrangements for them during winter as Shanghai does is a good way to 44 tragedy.Apart from government resources, 45 resources have been assembled to join in the aid in the city. In bus and railway station, subway lanes, ports and bridge caves where the homeless tend to 46 , inspecting will be more frequent and widespread. For those who refuse to be helped, cold-proof necessities and information on aid 47 will be offered. Communities will offer aid consultation while police stations and urban management teams are also prepared to help Community volunteers, especially the elderly, will go out to the streets on inspection and help.In Shanghai, the most populous city in China, can 48 this level, so can other cities, especially cities in north China, where the winter is much colder than in Shanghai. The government should pay greater attention to the poor and sick. Skyscrapers show a city’s economic level but care for the weak can 49 a city’s civilization level.41. H 42. E 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. F 47. B 48. I 49. GA. involvedB. summaryC. panicD. humbleE. requirementsF. exposureG. splitH. relevantI. offerJ. demonstrateThere are times that you will be asked a hard question during a job interview. Don’t _41_.Then just want to see how you handle a difficult situation.“Why should we choose you?” To this question ,you can ask yourself why you applied, what makes you suitable for this position, what the company can gain from hiring you, what you have to_42_,how you would handle this job, etc.Often they ask you to tell them about yourself. You can _43_ your answer into two, the professional and the personal level. Both are important, and how you move form one to the other depends on what you have to say. You can give a brief _44_ of your life, professional and personal, with less emphasis on the early past, and more emphasis on the present and the future.When asked “What are your weaknesses?” , don’t say “I don’t have any.” Everyone has weaknesses, and it takes strength to recognize them. Say something _45_ but not hugely important to the specific position, and always add something positive like , “I haven’t had a lot of _46_ to the on-site work ,but I’m look ing forward to being more _47_ in dealing with customers directly and learning their needs.”Another common question is: “What are your strengths?”You should customize(定制) your answer to meet the position _48_.Keep in mind the things they asked for in the advertisement Tell them your strengths, but also show them how they would be applied to this job . To show how your strengths were valuable, use the “why, where, when, how” to _49 our strengths. Always follow-up with a thank you note restating your interest in the position . If you interview with multiple people, send each one a thank you note.41. C 42. I 43. G 44. B 45. H 46. F 47. A 48. E 49. JA. dislikeB. satisfyC. centerD. familiarE. understandingF. roleG. honoringH. frightededI. improvedJ. strictArt museums are places where people can learn about various cultures. The increasingly popular "design museums" that are opening today, however, perform quite a different 41 . Unlike most art museums, the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public. These museums sometimes even place things like fridges and washing machines in the 42 of the hall.People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology. But their role is not simply a matter of sales--It is the 43 of excellently invented products. The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something, while the second tells you the success of a sale.One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel 44 , with the exhibits. Unlike the average art museum visitors, design museum visitors seldom feel 45 or puzzled. This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work, and how design has 46 the quality of our lives. Art museum exhibits, on the other hand, would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their 47 .In recent years, several new design museums have opened their doors. Each of these museums has tried to 48 the public's growing interest in the field with new ideas. London's Design Museum, for example, shows a collection of mass-produced objects from Zippo lighters to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins. The choices open to design museums seem far less 49 than those to art museums.41. F 42. C 43. G 44. D 45. H 46. I 47. E 48. B 49. Jfast B.stuntmen C. training D. catching E. fallF. seriouslyG. reallyH. professionI. fightJ. livingYou are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only ___41____ with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes through a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead!Of course he isn't___42___ dead. With any luck he isn't even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from ___43___moving trains, who crash cars of even ___44___ fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called ___45___. That is to say, they perform tricks.There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not ___46___ on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress (床垫). Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they crash through windows, the glass is made of sugar!But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and ____47__. Often a stuntman' s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is "blown up" in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get ___48___ injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff a thousand feet high. His parachute (降落伞) failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a ___49___ for men only. Men no longer dress up as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous action. For nowadays there are stuntgirls, too.41. I 42.G 43.A 44.D 45. B 46.E 47.C 48.F 49.H松江A. convincedB. overestimatedC. interfereD. absolutelyE. consciouslyF. witnesses G crazy H. tense I. evidence J. tricksAll of us rely on what we see. We say to ourselves, "I know, I was there; I saw it happen." And that seems to settle the matter. Or does it? Can we really trust the 41 of our eyes?Take competitive sports. Fans who see the same game will not agree with each other and will disagree with the referee (裁判). "He was out of bounds when he caught the pass," says one fan. Another says, "You're 42 . I saw it with my own eyes. He was five feet in bounds. You must be blind." The referee rules that the receiver did step out of bounds. But thousands of fans are still not 43 because they were there!It's the same story in the courtroom. Trial procedure 44 depends on witnesses giving testimony (证词). But just how reliable is the testimony of a person who reports what he has seen? In a recent study, ten thousand 45 were asked to describe the man they saw commit a crime. The study reveals that, on the average, the witnesses 46 the man's height by five inches, his age by eight years, and gave the wrong hair color in 83 percent of the cases. These witnesses didn't play 47 on them!What can we do to keep error to minimum? First of all, don't let your emotions 48 with your vision. Don't see something because you want to see it. Secondly, try to stay relaxed. If you are 49 , you are likely to see red when the color is blue. And finally, it helps to make notes of what you see. Don't rely on your memory alone. Take pictures, make recordings, and use any other aid to reduce distortion (歪曲).41. I 42. G 43. A 44. D 45. F 46. B 47. J 48. C 49. H徐汇金山Adult children are giving up the equivalent of a full-time working week each month---at an annual cost of almost £4000---to care for an elderly parent of parents, a report published today__(41)__.The “Cost of a Parent” study, from insurance and investment group Liverpool Victoria(LV),highlights the in creasing problems faced by a “sandwich generation” caught between paying their own bills, meeting the costs of their parents’ care and, in one of 20 cases,_(42)_ financially to their over-18 children.Mike Rogers, group chief executive of LV, which surveyed 2000 adults last month, said many adults were walking a “fine tightrope” between these three costs. “The care that elderly relatives receive from their families is _(43)_, but there is clearly a growing concern that financial support for rising residential care costs may simply be _(44)_,”he said. Caught up in the recession(衰退), almost half of those people with elderly parents said they felt less _(45)_ able than they did a year ago to meet any care costs.“The financial crisis only serves to highlight the difficulties older people, their families and caregivers are_(46)_ facing when trying to pay for care,” said Stephen Burke, chief executive of Counsel and Care.” The situation has been made worse by the _(47)_ in the housing market, which has made it ha rder for older people to sell their houses to pay for their care costs.”People with parents who need care do not just face financial _(48)_, according to the LV report. Of those surveyed, 13% had put off career changes of sacrificed _(49)_ at work, while the same proportion had put off moving house. A third of respondents(调查对象) had put their holiday plans on hold, while a further 13% had sacrificed financial support for their children.41-49 FCHEJ ABGD闸北A. possibleB. presentC. imagesD. focusE. demonstrateF. habitualG. multipleH. includedI. aimJ. agents.Researchers have issued a health warning for the wealthy - the upper-class lifestyle may 41 the chances to get cancer. A report in the Journal of the American Medical Association shows a higher incidence of cancer of pancreas(胰腺) among people of the upper socio-economic group. It also points to wine, certain coffee and some chemicals as possible cancer-causing 42 . Researchers conducted separate studies of men and women suffering from cancer of the pancreas. Their three-year, five-city study involved six 43 factors to cause pancreatic cancer.For women, the 44 of the study was on the effects of consumption of decaflfeinated(无咖啡因的) coffee and heavy smoking —half a pack a day or more. The third factor in the women's study contributing to the rise of cancer cases 45 a variety of medical and social problems-miscarriages, failed marriages and plastic surgeries. The increased risk among women ranged from 210 percent with exposure to one factor to a rocketing 3400 percent when all three factors were 46 . In men, the study was targeted at the effects of gasoline and dry-cleaning chemicals, consumption of decaffeinated coffee and 47 wine drinking - two or more glasses of wine a day. Traditionally, men's 48 are supposed to be powerful and dominant. Therefore, upper-class men tend to 49 their male advantages through purely male items like alcohol or cigarettes. However, when it comes to healthcare, these things undoubtedly fall into the club of cancer-friendly health killer.。
2009年上海各区一模试卷2009年嘉定区中考一模试卷 22009年普陀区中考一模试卷72009年浦东区中考一模试卷122009年静安区中考一模试卷172009年徐汇区中考一模试卷222009年闸北区中考一模试卷262009年黄浦区中考一模试卷312009年长宁区中考一模试卷362009年杨浦区中考一模试卷402009年南汇区中考一模试卷462009年卢湾区中考一模试卷512009年青浦区中考一模考试562009年金山区中考一模考试612009年闵行区中考一模试卷652009年虹口区中考一模考试702009年嘉定区中考一模试卷第一部分阅读(90分)一、积累与运用(25分)(一)积累(18分)1.出师一表真名世,_________________ 。
(《书愤》)2. _________________ ,梦回吹角连营。
(《破阵子·为陈同甫赋状词以寄》)3.夕阳西下,_________________ 。
(《天净沙·秋思》)4. _________,再而衰,三而竭。
(《曹刿论战》)5.人知从太守游而乐,_________________。
(《醉翁亭记》)(二)运用(10分)6.下列句子标点符号使用没有错误的一项是()A、春日黄花满山、径幽香远,秋来草木萧淑、天高水清。
B、提起此人,人人皆晓;处处闻名。
C、大街上,公园里,车厢内外,是我们的目光驻留之地。
D、所谓“以史为鉴”,“学史使人明智”,说的就是这个道理。
7.下列句子中关联词语正确的一组是()在他善于像人一样去爱的时候,他__________是一个真正的人。
_________他不懂得爱,不能提到人性美的高度,那就是说他只是一个能够成为人的人,_________还没有成为真正的人。
A、只有……才……。
如果……而且……B、如果……就……。
因为……所以……C、也许……那么……。
不是……就是D、只有……才……。
如果……但是……8.根据下列语境,用词最得体的一项是()自修课上,小明做数学作业时,发现尺断了,就向旁边的张强同学借……A、小明大声说:“我尺断了,借我一把尺,好吗?”B、小明走上前说:“喂,快借我一把尺。
第5题图上海市虹口区2010学年第二学期初三数学二模试卷一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)[下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.] 1.一个数的相反数是2-,则这个数是( ) A .12-; B .12; C .2; D .2-.2.一元二次方程210x x --=的根的情况是( )A .有两个相等的实数根;B .有两个不相等的实数根;C .有一个实数根为1;D .没有实数根.3.袋中有3个红球,4个白球,这些球的形状、大小、质地等完全相同.在看不到球的条件下,随机从袋中摸出 1个球,则摸出白球的概率是( )A .14; B .17; C .4; D .47.4.若点00()x y ,在函数ky x=(0x <)的图像上,且001x y =-,则它的图像大致是( )5 A .线段的垂直平分线; B .一条线段等于已知线段; C .一个角等于已知角; D .角的平分线.6.下列命题中,假命题是( )A .两腰相等的梯形是等腰梯形;B .对角线相等的梯形是等腰梯形;C .两个底角相等的梯形是等腰梯形;D .平行于等腰三角形底边的直线截两腰所得的四边形是等腰梯形.二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) [请将结果直接填入答题纸的相应位置] 7= .8.分解因式:2xy x -= .9.不等式2(1)4x ->的解集是 .10.用换元法解方程221201x x x x -++=-时,可设21x y x-=,则原方程可化为关于y 的整式方程为 .11x =的解是 .12.将抛物线221y x =-向上平移4个单位后,以所得抛物线为图像的二次函数解析式是 .13.一次函数y kx b =+的图像与y 轴交点的纵坐标为3-,且当1x =时,1y =-,则该一次函数的解析式 是 .14.甲、乙两支排球队的人数相等,且平均身高都是1.86米,方差分别为20.35S 甲=,20.27S 乙=,则身高较整 齐的球队是 队.15.计算:12)()2a b a b +--(= . 16.如图,直线//a b ,点B 在直线b 上,且AB BC ⊥,140∠=︒,则2∠= 度. 17.如图,用线段AB 表示的高楼与地面垂直,在高楼前D 点测得楼顶A 的仰角为30︒,向高楼前进60米到C 点, 又测得楼顶A 的仰角为45︒,且D 、C 、B 三点在同一直线上,则该高楼的高度为 米(结果保留根号).18.如图,点G 是ABC △的重心,CG 的延长线交AB 于D ,5GA =,4GC =,3GB =,将A D G △绕点D 顺时针方向旋转180得到BDE △,则EBC △的面积= .三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)化简:2211()1211a a a a a a ++÷--+-. 20.(本题满分10分)第18题图ABG CD图2(每组仅含最小值,不含最大值) 3′图1 解方程组:221,320.x y x xy y +=⎧⎨-+=⎩ 21.(本题满分10分)如图,⊙O 是△ABC 的外接圆,圆心O 在这个三角形的高AD 上,AB =10,BC =12.求⊙O 的半径.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题2分,第(2)小题4分,第(3)小题4分)为了解某校初三男生1000米长跑、女生800米长跑的成绩情况,从该校初三学生中随机抽取了10名男生和10名女生进行测试,将所得的成绩分别制作成如下的表1和图1,并根据男生成绩绘制了不完整的频率分布直方图(图2).(1)根据表1,补全图2;(2)根据图1,10名女生成绩的中位数是___________,众数是________;(3)按规定,初三女生800米长跑成绩不超过3′19〞就可以得满分.该校初三学生共490人,其中男生比女生 少70人.如果该校初三女生全部参加800米长跑测试,请你估计可获得满分的人数约为多少?第21题图 ①②23.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题6分,第(2)小题6分)如图,EF 是平行四边形ABCD 的对角线BD 的垂直平分线,EF 与边AD 、BC 分别交于点E 、F . (1)求证:四边形BFDE 是菱形;(2)若E 为线段AD 的中点,求证:AB BD ⊥24.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题6分,第(2)小题6分)在平面直角坐标系中,抛物线2y x bx c =++经过点(0,2)和点(3,5). (1)求该抛物线的表达式并写出顶点坐标;(2)点P 为抛物线上一动点,如果直径为4的⊙P 与y 轴相切,求点P 的坐标.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题4分,第(2)小题5分,第(3)小题5分)如图,在Rt △ABC 中,90BAC ∠=︒,AB =3,AC =4,AD 是BC 边上的高,点E 、F 分别是AB 边和AC 边上的动点,且90EDF ∠=︒. (1)求:DE DF 的值;bx c ++第24题图A D EB FC 第23题图 O(2)联结EF ,设点B 与点E 间的距离为x ,△DEF 的面积为y ,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出x 的取 值范围;(3)设直线DF 与直线AB 相交于点G ,△EFG 能否成为等腰三角形?若能,请直接写出线段BE 的长;若不 能,请说明理由.第25题图CEFA 备用图1BCD 备用图2BCAA2011年虹口区中考数学模拟练习卷答案要点与评分标准一、选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分) 1.C ;2.B 3.D ;4.B ;5.A ;6.C . 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分)7;8.()x y x -;9.3x >;10.2210y y ++=;11.2x =;12.223y x =+;13.23y x =-;14.乙;15.2a b +;16.50;17.30);18.12. 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.解:原式=22111[]1(1)a a a a a +-+⋅-- (4分) 222111(1)a a a a -+-=⋅- (3分) 11a =-. (3分)20.【解法1】由②得(2)()0x y x y --=∴20x y -=或0x y -= (2分)∴原方程组可化为1,20;x y x y +=⎧⎨-=⎩ 1,0.x y x y +=⎧⎨-=⎩ (4分)∴分别解这两个方程组,得原方程组的解是112,31;3x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩ 221,21.2x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩ (4分)【解法2】由①得1y x =- ③, (2分)把③代入②得223(1)2(1)0x x x x --+-=.整理得26720x x -+=. (2分)解得1221,32x x ==. (2分) 分别代入③得1211,32y y ==. (2分)∴原方程组的解为112,31;3x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩ 221,21.2x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩ (2分)21.解:联结OB (1分)∵圆心O 在这个三角形的高AD 上,∴1112622BD BC ==⨯=. (2分)在Rt△ABD中,8AD ===. (2分)设⊙O 的半径为r ,则OB r =,8OD r =-,可得 2226(8)r r =+-. (3分) 解得 254r =. (2分) 22.(1)图略; (2分) (2)3'21"; (4分) (3)设该校初三男生有x 人,则女生有(x+70)人,由题意得:x+x+70=490 解得x=210. (2分)x+70=210+70=280(人). (1分)280×40%=112(人). (1分) 答:该校初三女生全部参加800米长跑测试可获得满分的人数约为112. 23.证明:(1)∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,∴ED∥BF,得∠EDB=∠FBD. (2分)∵EF 垂直平分BD ,∴BO=DO,∠DOE=∠BOF=90°.∴△DOE≌△BOF . (2分) ∴ EO=FO.∴四边形BFDE 是平行四边形. (1分) 又∵EF⊥BD,∴四边形BFDE 是菱形. (1分) (2)∵四边形BFDE 是菱形,∴ED=BF.∵AE=ED.∴AE=BF . (2分) 又∵AE∥BF,∴四边形ABFE 是平行四边形. (1分) ∴AB∥EF. (1分) ∴∠ABD=∠DOE. (1分) ∵∠DOE=90°,∴∠ABD=90°.即AB⊥BD. (1分) 24.解:(1)把(0,2)、(3,5)分别代入2y x bx c =++得 2593cb c=⎧⎨=++⎩,解得 22b c =-⎧⎨=⎩ . (3分)∴抛物线的解析式为222y x x =-+ . (1分) ∴抛物线的顶点为(1,1). (2分) (2)设点P 到y 轴的距离为d ,⊙P 的半径为r .∵⊙P 与y 轴相切 ∴1422d r ==⨯=,∴点P 的横坐标为2±. (2分) 当2x =时, 2y = ∴点P 的坐标为(2,2) (2分) 当2x =-时,10y = ∴点P 的坐标为(2,10)- (2分)第21题图∴点P 的坐标为(2,2)或(2,10)-.25.解:(1)∵∠BAC= 90°,∴∠B +∠C =90°.∵AD 是BC 边上的高,∴∠DAC+∠C=90°.∴∠B =∠DAC. (1分) 又∵∠EDF= 90°,∴∠BDE+∠EDA=∠ADF +∠EDA = 90°. ∴∠BDE =∠ADF.∴△BED∽△AFD . (1分)∴DE BDDF AD =. (1分) ∵3cot 4BD AB B AD AC ===,∴DE︰DF =34(1分) (2)由△BED∽△AFD,得34BE BD AF AD ==.∴4433AF BE x ==. (1分)∵BE x =,∴3AE x =-.∵∠BAC= 90°,∴2222425(3)()6939EF x x x x =-+=-+. (1分)∵DE︰D F =3︰4,∠EDF =90°,∴ED=35EF ,FD=45EF . (1分)∴216225y ED FD EF =⋅=, ∴22365432525y x x =-+ (03)x ≤≤. (2分)(3)能. BE 的长为543255或. (5分)(说明:BE 的长一个正确得3分,全对得5分)。
实用文档文案大全2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算32()a 的结果是( ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形 6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是( )A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)A B D C E F图1实用文档文案大全【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】 7.分母有理化:81=的根是 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = .10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = . 11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限.12.将抛物线2y x =向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量 , 如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD =16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+.20.(本题满分10分)解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②图2AA 图3B M C=BC b =AB a =实用文档文案大全21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC . (1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =.(2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)A D C图4 B 九年级 八年级 七年级六年级 25%30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E F实用文档文案大全在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD .(1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标; (3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ ADPC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10CADPB Qxb实用文档文案大全2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3.第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半; 5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B ; 2.C ; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A . 1、2、解:解不等式①,得x >-1,解不等式②,得x <3,所以不等式组的解集为-1<x <3,故选C .3、4、5、6、二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分) 7.;8.2 x ;解:由题意知x-1=1,解得x=2. 9.14;实用文档文案大全10.-12;11.一、三;12.21y x =-;解:由“上加下减”的原则可知,将抛物线y=x 2-2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是,y=x 2-2+1,即y=x 2-1. 故答案为:y=x2-1. 13.16;解:因为从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,可能出现的结果有6种,选中小明的可能性有一种,所以小明被选中的概率是1/ 6 .14.2)1(100m -;解:第一次降价后价格为100(1-m ),第二次降价是在第一次降价后完成的,所以应为100(1-m )(1-m ),即100(1-m )2.15.b a 21+;解:因为向量 AB = a , BC = b ,根据平行四边形法则,可得: AB = a , BC = b , AC = AB + BC =a+b ,又因为在△ABC 中,AD 是BC 边上的中线,所以16.5;17.AC BD =(或︒=∠90ABC 等); 解:∵对角线AC 与BD 互相平分, ∴四边形ABCD 是平行四边形, 要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,需添加一个条件是:AC=BD 或有个内角等于90度. 18. 2.实用文档文案大全三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2-+--+⋅-+a a a a a a ··········································· (7分) =1112-+--a a a ······································································· (1分) =11--a a·············································································· (1分)=1-. ················································································ (1分) 20.解:由方程①得1+=x y , ③ ························································ (1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22=-+-x x x , ·········································· (1分)整理,得022=--x x , ······························································ (2分) 解得1221x x ==-,, ·································································· (3分) 分别将1221x x ==-,代入③,得1230y y ==,, ·························· (2分)所以,原方程组的解为1123x y =⎧⎨=⎩,; 2210.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩,····································· (1分) 21.解:(1) 过点A 作BC AE ⊥,垂足为E . ··········································· (1分)在Rt △ABE 中,∵︒=∠60B ,8=AB , ∴460cos 8cos =︒⨯=⋅=B AB BE , ·············································· (1 分)3460sin 8sin =︒⨯=⋅=B AB AE . ·················································· (1分)∵12=BC ,∴8=EC . ······························································· (1 分) 在Rt △AEC 中,23834tan ===∠EC AE ACB . ··································· (1分) (2) 在梯形ABCD 中,∵DC AB =,︒=∠60B ,∴︒=∠=∠60B DCB . ········································································ (1分) 过点D 作BC DF ⊥,垂足为F ,∵︒=∠=∠90AEC DFC ,∴DF AE //. ∵BC AD //,∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形.∴EF AD =. ···················· (1分) 在Rt △DCF 中, 460cos 8cos =︒⨯=∠⋅=DCF DC FC , ···················· (1分) ∴4=-=FC EC EF .∴4=AD . ∵M 、N 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,∴821242=+=+=BC AD MN . ······· (2分)实用文档文案大全22.(1) %20; ················································································· (2分) (2) 6; ··················································································· (3分) (3) %35; ················································································ (2分) (4) 5. ······················································································ (3分)23.(1) 证明:OFE OEF ∠=∠ ,∴OF OE =. ··································································· (1分) ∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点, ∴OE OB 2=,OF OC 2=. ············································· (1分) ∴OC OB =. ··································································· (1分) ∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠,∴△AOB ≌△DOC . ························································ (2分) DC AB =∴. ··································································· (1分) (2) 真; ························································································ (3分) 假. ··························································································· (3分)24.解:(1) ∵点A 的坐标为(10),,点B 与点A 关于原点对称,∴点B 的坐标为(10)-,. ································································· (1分) ∵直线b x y +=经过点B ,∴01=+-b ,得1=b . ··························· (1分) ∵点C 的坐标为(04),,直线x CM //轴,∴设点D 的坐标为(4)x ,. ······· (1分) ∵直线1+=x y 与直线CM 相交于点D ,∴3=x .∴D 的坐标为(34),.…(1分) (2) ∵D 的坐标为(34),,∴5=OD . ··············································· (1分) 当5==OD PD 时,点P 的坐标为(60),; ····································· (1分) 当5==OD PO 时,点P 的坐标为(50),, ····································· (1分) 当PD PO = 时,设点P 的坐标为(0)x ,)0(>x ,∴224)3(+-=x x ,得625=x ,∴点P 的坐标为25(0)6,. ··········· (1分) 综上所述,所求点P 的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,. (3) 当以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切时, 若点P 的坐标为(60),,则圆P 的半径5=PD ,圆心距6=PO , ∴圆O 的半径1=r . ····································································· (2分) 若点P 的坐标为(50),,则圆P 的半径52=PD ,圆心距5=PO ,∴圆O 的半径525-=r . ·························································· (2分) 综上所述,所求圆O 的半径等于1或525-.25.解:(1) ∵BC AD //, ∴DBC ADB ∠=∠.∵2==AB AD ,∴ADB ABD ∠=∠.∴ABD DBC ∠=∠. ∵︒=∠90ABC .∴︒=∠45PBC . ················································ (1分)∵ABADPC PQ =,AB AD =,点Q 与点B 重合,∴PC PQ PB ==. ∴︒=∠=∠45PBC PCB . ······························································ (1分) ∴︒=∠90BPC . ········································································· (1分)实用文档文案大全在Rt △BPC 中,22345cos 3cos =︒⨯=⋅=C BC PC . ···················· (1分) (2) 过点P 作BC PE ⊥,AB PF ⊥,垂足分别为E 、F . ···················· (1分)∴︒=∠=∠=∠90BEP FBE PFB .∴四边形FBEP 是矩形. ∴BC PF //,BF PE =.∵BC AD //,∴AD PF //.∴ABADBF PF =. ∵23=AD ,2=AB ,∴43=PE PF . ················································ (1分) ∵x QB AB AQ -=-=2,3=BC ,∴22APQ x S PF -=△,32PBC S PE =△.∴42x S S PBC APQ -=∆∆,即42x y -= . ················································· (2分) 函数的定义域是0≤x ≤87. ··························································· (1分)(3) 过点P 作BC PM ⊥,AB PN ⊥,垂足分别为M 、N .易得四边形PNBM 为矩形,∴BC PN //,BN PM =,︒=∠90MPN .∵BC AD //,∴AD PN //.∴AB AD BN PN =.∴ABADPM PN =. ·············· (1分) ∵AB AD PC PQ =,∴PCPQ PM PN =. ······················································ (1分) 又∵︒=∠=∠90PNQ PMC ,∴Rt △PCM ∽Rt △PQN . ··············· (1分) ∴QPN CPM ∠=∠. ··································································· (1分) ∵︒=∠90MPN ,∴︒=∠=∠+∠=∠+∠90MPN QPM QPN QPM CPM , 即︒=∠90QPC . ········································································· (1分)。
09年上海各区模拟试卷分类三角比1.如图,汶川地震后,某处废墟堆成的斜坡AM 的坡度为1:1。
生命探测仪显示P 处有生命迹象,估计距离斜坡上的B 、C 处均为5米。
已知水平线AN 、直线AM 与点P 都在同一平面上,且AB=3米,BC=6米。
过点P 作PQ ⊥AN ,垂足为Q ,试确定AQ 和PQ 的长度(长宁区)解:作PD ⊥AM 于D … 1’ 延长DP 交AN 于E … 1’∵BP=CP ,BC=6,得BD=CD=3 … 1’ ∵BP=5,由勾股定理得PD=4 … 1’ 由AM 坡度1∶1得∠A=450 … 1’∵∠ADE=900,∴△ADE 为等腰直角三角形 … 1’∵AD=AB+BD=6,由勾股或三角比得AE=62 … 1’ ∵DE= AD=6, PD=4, ∴PE=2 … 1’∵△QPE 中∠PQE=900,∠E=450, 可知△PQE 为等腰直角三角形 … 1’ 由勾股或三角比得PQ=QE=2 … 1’ ∴AQ=AE -QE=52 … 1’ ∴AQ=52m ,PQ=2m … 1’2.如图,某新城休闲公园有一圆形人工湖,湖中心O 处有一喷泉.小明为测量湖的半径,在湖边选择A 、B 两个观测点,在A 处测得∠OAB =α,在AB 延长线上的C 处测得∠OCB =β,如果53sin =α,32tan =β,BC =50米.求人工湖的半径.(松江)解:作AB OD ⊥………………………………………………………………………(1分)∴BD AD = ………………………………………………………………………(2分)CB OA (第23题图) ABC MP Q N在Rt △OAD 中,由53sin ==∠OA OD OAD …………………………………… (1分) 设x OD 3=,则x OA 5=,∴x BD AD 4==………………………………… (1分) ∴504+=x CD …………………………………………………………………… (1分) 在Rt △ODC 中,由32tan ==∠CD OD OCD ……………………………………(1分) 325043=+x x ……………………………………………………………………… (2分)100=x ,即500=OA ……………………………………………………………(2分) 答:这个人工湖的半径为500米.…………………………………………………… (1分)3.现要建造一段水坝,它的横截面是梯形ABCD ,其上底CD =4米,斜坡BC 的坡度2:1=i ,31tan =A ,坝高DE =6米. (1)求截面梯形的面积;(金山区一模) (2)若该水坝的长为1000米,工程由甲、乙两个工程队同时合作完成,原计划需要25天,但在开工时,甲工程队增加了机器,工作效率提高60%,结果工程提前了5天完成,问这两个工程队原计划每天各完成多少土方?(坝的土方=坝的横截面的面积×坝的长度)(1)作CF ⊥AB 于点F …………………………(1分)在Rt △ADE 中,31tan =A ∴AE631= 18=AE …………………………(1分)在Rt △BCF 中,BF CF i =, 即BF621= BF =12…………………………(1分) ∵CE =CD =4∴AB =34…………………………(1分) ∴DE AB CD S ·)(21+=梯形114=…………………………(1分) ∴截面梯形的面积为114平方米.…………………………(1分)(2)设原计划甲每天完成x 土方,乙每天完成y 土方……………………(1分)1140001000114=⨯==sh v …………………………(1分)由题意得:⎩⎨⎧=+=+114000)6.1(20114000)(25y x y x …………………………(2分)解得⎩⎨⎧==26601900y x …………………………(1分)答:甲工程队原计划每天完成1900土方,乙工程队原计划每天完成2660土方.…………………………(1分)(特殊三角形、全等三角形)1. 已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB 、CD , E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示). (09中考)(1)添加条件D A ∠=∠,OFE OEF ∠=∠. 求证:DC AB =. (2)分别将“D A ∠=∠”记为①,“OFE OEF ∠=∠”记为②,“DC AB =”记为③. 添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题.(选择“真”或“假”填入空格).(1)证明:∵OFE OEF ∠=∠,∴OF OE =.……………………1分 ∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点, ∴OF OC OE OB 2,2==.…………1分∴OB =OC .………………………1分∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠, ∴DOC AOB ∆≅∆.……………2分∴DC AB =. ………………1分(2)真;……………………………………………………3分 假. ……………………………………………………3分2.如图,在ABC ∆中,,AC AB =点D 与E 分别是边AC 、AB 上的点,且DE ∥BC ,O 是BD 与CE 的交点. (黄浦区) (1)求证:ACE ABD ∠=∠;(2)试问:OA 与DE 的位置关系如何?并加以论证.解:(1)∵BC DE AC AB ,=,∴AB AEAC AD =, ∴AE AD =.———————————————————————(2分) ∵CAE BAD ∠=∠, ∴BAD ∆≌CAE ∆,————————————————————(3分) ∴ACE ABD ∠=∠.————————————————————(1分) (2)答:DE OA ⊥.——————————————————————(1分)O EDCBAA D BC OF 图6 A D B COEF∵AC AB =,∴ACB ABC ∠=∠ ∵ACE ABD ∠=∠, ∴OCB OBC ∠=∠,∴OC OB =———————————————————————(2分) ∵AC AB =,ACE ABD ∠=∠,∴AOB ∆≌AOC ∆,————————————————————(1分) ∴CAO BAO ∠=∠.∵AE AD =,———————————————————————(1分) ∴DE OA ⊥.———————————————————————(1分)3.如图,在ABC ∆中,B C ∠=∠2,D 是BC 边上一点,且AB AD ⊥,点E 是线段BD 的中点,连结AE .(青浦) (1)求证:AC BD 2=;(2)若BC DC AC ⋅=2,求证:AEC ∆是等腰直角三角形.(1)证明:由AB AD ⊥ 得90=∠BAD (1').由点E 是BD 的中点, 得BE BD AE ==21即AE BD 2=.由BE AE = 得BAE B ∠=∠(2').由 BAE B AEC ∠+∠=∠得B AEC ∠=∠2,又B C ∠=∠2,所以C AEC ∠=∠,所以AC AE =(2').因为AE BD 2=所以AC BD 2=.(1') (2)由BC DC AC ⋅=2得ACBCDC AC =(1'), 又BCA ACD ∠=∠ 得ACD ∆∽BCA ∆(1'),所以B C A D ∠=∠, 又B BAE ∠=∠,所以B A E C A D ∠=∠(2') .因为90=∠+∠EAD BAE ,所以 90=∠+∠EAD CAD 即 90=∠EAC .又AC AE =所以AEC ∆是等腰直角三角形.(2')4.如图,ABC Rt ∆中,︒=∠90ACB ,CE AE =,以点E 为圆心EA 长为半径作弧交AB 于点D ,联结DE ,过点D 作DE DF ⊥交BC 于点F ,联结CD . 求证:(1)AB CD ⊥ ; (6分)(2)FB CF =. (6分)(徐汇区)AB CD E A CBDEF证明:(1) ∵ED AE CE ED AE ===,,∴ ECD EDC EDA A ∠=∠∠=∠,……………………………(2分)∵ ︒=∠+∠+∠180ADC ECD A即︒=∠+∠+∠+∠180EDA EDC ECD A∴ ︒=∠+∠180)(2ECD A ……………………………………(1分) ∴ ︒=∠+∠90ECD A ……………………………………(1分) ∴︒=︒-︒=∠+∠-︒=∠9090180)(180ECD A ADC ………(1分) ∴AB CD ⊥ ……………………………………………………(1分) (2) (证法一)联结EF . …………………………………………………………(1分)∵EC ED =,EF EF =,∴EDF Rt ∆≌ ECF Rt ∆ ∴DEC CEF DEF ∠=∠=∠21,∵DEC ADE A ∠=∠=∠21…(2分)∴A CEF ∠=∠…………………………………………………………(1分)∴EF ∥AB ,∵EC EA =……………………………………………(1分) ∴FB CF = …………………………………………………………(1分)(证法二)∵︒=∠+∠90ADE FDB ,ADE A ∠=∠ ∴︒=∠+∠90FDB A (1分) ∵︒=∠+∠90B A ∴B FDB ∠=∠…………………………(1分)∴ FB FD = …………………………………………………………(1分) ∵︒=∠+∠90FDC EDC ,︒=∠+∠90ECD FCD∵ ECD EDC ∠=∠ ,∴FCD FDC ∠=∠ ……………………(1分) ∴FD CF = …………………………………………………………(1分) ∴FB CF = …………………………………………………………(1分)5.已知:如图,△ABC 与△BDE 都是正三角形,且点D 在边AC 上,并与端点A 、C 不重合.(浦东新区)求证:(1)△ABE ≌△CBD ;(2)四边形AEBC 是梯形.证明:(1)在正△ABC 与正△BDE 中,∵AB BC =,BE BD =,60ABC EBD ∠=∠=︒, ……………………(3分) ∴ABE CBD ∠=∠.…………………………………………………………(1分) ∴△ABE ≌△CBD .…………………………………………………………(2分) (2)∵△ABE ≌△CBD ,∴60BAE C ∠=∠=︒,AE CD =.………………(2分)∴BAE ABC ∠=∠. ………………………………………………………(1分) ∴//AE BC .…………………………………………………………………(1分) 又∵CD AC BC >=,∴BC AE >.…………………………………………(1分) ∴四边形AEBC 是梯形.……………………………………………………(1分)(相似三角形)1.如图①,在锐角⊿ABC 中,BC>AB>AC ,D 和E 分别是BC 和AB 上的动点,联结AD ,DE . (南汇)(1) 当D 、E 运动时,在图②中画出仅有一组三角形相似的图形;在图③中画出仅有两组三角形相似的图形;在图④中画出仅有三组三角形相似的图形.(要求在图中标出相等的角,并写出相似的三角形)(2) 设BC =9,AB =8,AC =6,就图③求出DE 的长.(直接应用相似结论)B CABC ABC ABCAD E第24题图②③④①解 (1)BC AC BCAD EE④③②第24题图图②中仅有⊿ABC ∽⊿DAC ;图③中仅有⊿ABC ∽⊿DAC ,⊿ABD ∽⊿DBE ; 图④中仅有⊿ABD ∽⊿ADE ∽⊿DBE ;作图正确且表述也正确各2分,作图正确,表述有错误扣1分.(2)在图③中,由⊿ABC ∽⊿DAC ,得316,49622=⋅====BC AB AC AD BC AC CD -----------3分∴ BD=BC -CD =5. -----------1分 由⊿ABD ∽⊿DBE ,得DE =310=⋅AB BD AD -----------2分2。
“学业效能实证研究”学习质量调研九年级语文学科(满分150分,考试时间100分钟) 2011.4学生注意事项:1.本试卷共27题。
2.请将所有答案用黑墨水钢笔或水笔做在答题纸的指定位置上,做在试卷上一律不计分。
第一部分阅读(90分)一、文言文(42分)(一)默写(18分)1.竹喧归浣女,。
(《山居秋暝》)2.。
更吹落,星如雨。
(《青玉案·元夕》)3.向来枉费推移力,。
(《观书有感(其二)》)4.夕阳西下,。
(《天净沙·秋思》)5.所以动心忍性,。
(《生于忧患,死于安乐》)6.,在乎山水之间也。
(《醉翁亭记》)(二)阅读下面这首诗,完成第7—8题(4分)题破山寺后禅院[唐] 常建清晨入古寺,初日照高林。
竹径通幽处,禅房花木深。
山光悦鸟性,潭影空人心。
万籁此俱寂,但余钟磬音。
7.“万籁”在这里是指。
(2分)8.下列理解正确的一项是(2分)A. “初日照高林”一句中初升的太阳令整个画面显得活泼而富有生机。
B.“潭影空人心”的含义是清澈的潭水能令人忘却所有的事情,内心只余空白。
C. “但余钟磬音”,这里凸显钟磬的声响主要是为了点出“古寺”,首尾呼应。
D.作品中自然界的山水花鸟与古寺禅房和谐地融为一体,给人以清幽脱俗之感。
(三)阅读下文,完成9—11题(8分)潍县署中寄舍弟墨第一书(节选)郑燮(1)读书以过目成诵为能,最是不济事。
(2)眼中了了,心下匆匆,方寸无多,往来应接不暇,如看场中美色,一眼即过,与我何与也?千古过目成诵,孰有如孔子者乎?读《易》至韦编三绝,不知翻阅过几千百遍来,微言精义,愈探愈出,愈研愈入,愈往而不知其所穷。
虽生知安行之圣,不废困勉下学之功也。
东坡读书不用两遍,然其在翰林读《阿房宫赋》至四鼓,老吏史苦之,坡洒然不倦。
岂以一过即记,遂了其事乎!惟虞世南、张睢阳、张方平,平生书不再读,迄无佳文。
9.选文的作者郑燮,号,是朝书画家、文学家。
(2分)10.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子(3分)岂以一过即记,遂了其事乎!11.下列对选文理解正确的一项是(3分)A.第一节明确表达了作者对“过目成诵”的记忆力的轻视与否定。
2009-2011年上海各区县一模二模考十选九题型汇总2008~2009学年一模2008学年上海市静安区高三第一学期高考英语模拟试题2009.1Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. nutritionB. servicesC. enormousD. immediatelyE. processF. extendG. requireH. restoredI. permanentJ. quickly16July, Beijing - The United Nations launched today a US$33.5 million UN China Appeal for Early Recovery Support to assist victims of the devastating Wenchuan earthquake that hit China on 12 May, killing nearly 70,000 people, injuring hundreds of thousands and leaving over five million people homeless.―It is the hope of the United Nations and the international community t hat China will __41__ recover fromthis __42__ tragedy and through this Appeal we __43__all our support and assistance,‖ said Khalid Malik, theUN Resident Coordinator in China.The disaster not only devastated lives and livelihoods, but also destroyed __44__ and infrastructure. In Sichuan and neighbouring Gansu and Shanxi provinces, an estimated five million buildings collapsed, 21 million buildings were damaged and over 40 million people were affected by the earthquake.According to the Chinese Government, reconstruction could take as long as three years during which__45__ structures must be rebuilt, livelihoods and basic services restored, collapsed schools and hospitals reconstructed and roads repaired.The UN Appeal addresses the needs of the poor and vulnerable among the affected population, who while surviving the 8.0 magnitude earthquake, are now in the __46__ of rebuilding their lives.The Appeal focuses on nine sectors (shelter; health, __47__ and HIV/AIDS; water and sanitation; protection of vulnerable groups; education; livelihoods; environment; ethnic minorities and coordination and communication) which address the needs of the survivors who have received basic assistance but will __48__ more comprehensive aid over the next six months as reconstruction gets underway and before winter sets in.The UN has already provided over US$17 million in assistance, of which US$8 million came from its Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) in humanitarian relief__49__ after the earthquake.41—49 JCFBI EAGD宝山区2008-2009学年度第一学期高三期末教学质量诊断2009.1Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Knowledge is free on the Internet at a small but ___41___ number of colleges and universities.About 160 schools around the world now put free course materials on the web to the ___42___. Recent additions in the United States ___43___ projects at Yale, Johns Hopkins and the University of California, Berkeley.Berkeley said it would offer videos of lectures on YouTube. Free videos from other schools are ___44___ at the Apple iTunes store.The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.) became an early ___45___with its OpenCourseWare project, first ___46___ in 2001. Free lecture notes, exams and other resources are published at . Many exams even include the answers.Today, OpenCourseWare offers materials from 1,800 undergraduate and graduate courses. These ___47___from physics to political science.Visitors can learn the same things that M.I.T. students learn. But as the site points out, OpenCourseWare is not a M.I.T. education. Visitors receive no credit toward a degree. Some materials from a course may not be available, and the site does not provide ___48___ with teachers.Still, M.I.T. says that the site has had forty million visits by thirty-one million visitors from almost every country. Sixty percent of the visitors are from outside the United States and Canada.Students and educators use the site, including students at M.I.T. But the largest number of visitors, about half, are self-learners.Some professors have become well-known around the world as a result of appearing online. Walter Lewin, a physics professor at M.I.T., is ___49___ popular. Fans enjoy his entertaining lectures.M.I.T. OpenCourseWare now includes materials for high school. The aim is to improve education in science, technology, maths and engineering.41-45 FDBIG 46-49 CHAE上海市嘉定区高三08-09学年第一学期期末调研2009.1Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Note that there is one word more than you need.Until the 20th century, Americans had little time for leisure activities and did not really approve of leisure. The Puritan ideal of hard work ___41___ strong, and leisure was associated with the ―idle rich‖, ___42___ called the leisure class. In the 19th century one book warned: "True recreation must not interfere with our duty; must not injure health; must not waste money; must not waste time." At the end of that century, President James Garfield said the question was: "What shall we do with our ___43___ when we get it?" Modern Americans have not found this a problem and can choose from a wide range of leisure activities.The British share the Protestant work ethics but have always believed that it is also good for people to have activities outside work. A ___44___ saying warns that ―all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy‖. Many people now believe that making time for relaxation after work is also necessary for the ___45___ of good mental health. Some people, however, think that leisure time should be spent on ___46___ activities and not just wasted. Children are often ___47___ to develop an interest or hobby which they can pick up in their spare time. Many British people ___48___ more about their leisure time than their work which is, for some, ___49___ a means of getting money to live on .41--49 BFEDI JCAG南汇区2008学年度高三第一学期期末考试2009.1Section BDirections: Complete the passage by choosing the proper words in the box.Ever since humans have 41 the earth, they have made use of various 42 ofcommunication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is 43 through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these 44 of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, 45 ,cannot. Body languagecommunicates ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or 46 . A nod signifies approval, while 47 the head indicates a negative reaction.Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille(a system of 48 dots read with the fingertips),signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. 49 verbalization(语言)is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.41—45 EJGFB 46—49 HIAC上海普陀区2008学年度高三第一学期质量调研测试2009.1Section B (9分)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the 41 of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to 42 tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a 43 country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also 44 the wealth and happiness of 45 inhabitants.Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too 46 , people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer. On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, 47 roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can 48 as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money. Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support 49 as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists , jobs and money are lost.41—45CEBIJ 46—49FHDA上海市崇明区2009届高三一模英语试题2009.1Section BDirection: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. NoteDam in 1935. The hugereservoir(水库) is __41__ in Arizona and Nevada. Since its __42__, Lake Mead’s clear water has drawn boaters, swimmers and fishermen by the thousand.But today, there is no shortage of ways to see just how short of water Lake Mead is. You can count the white rings of mineral __43__ on the bedrock walls of the 250-square-mile reservoir, __44__ the old high-water mark. You can look at the docks(码头) that have been moved repeatedly. Or you can read a line graph(图表) at the visitor center, which tracks the water change of the lake. Starting in 2000, the graph has come __45__down. The visitor center’s graph stops at 2006. But a park worker says, ―It just keeps going down from there.‖Will it ever stop? A major drought and the increasing demand for water in growing nearby cities have put __46__ on Lake Mead. Several lakes and the river provide water to farmers and cities from Colorado to Southern California. Now there are fears that global warming could largely reduce the Colorado River’s flow – even as the population of the Southwest continues to grow. Scientists at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California, __47__ that there is a 50% chance that Lake Mead could be dry by 2021. Las Vegas, Nevada, takes 90% of its water from Lake Mead. Even thou gh the city’s population continues to grow, Las Vegas’ overall water use has dropped since 2002. Lake Mead has __48__ to just 52% of capacity, but the giant reservoir still contains 9 trillion gallons of water. If the rest of the Southwest can follow Las V egas’ lead and use water more __49__, there still may be hope for Lake Mead.C E H A F I JD B上海市杨浦区2009届高三第一学期学科测试2009.1Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients complain of pain, they were told it was a ___41__ part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.Times have changed. Today, we take pain __42__. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital, as important a s blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in determining a person’s well -being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disturb a person’s life, causing problems that range from missed work to __43__.That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who __44__ in pain medicine. Not only do we find out the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive (综合的) therapy for depression and other issues related to the pain. Such therapy often __45__ the work of social workers, psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.This modern __46__ for pain management has led to a lot of treatments which are more __47__ and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a limited number of drugs __48__, and many of them caused significant side effects in older people, including dizziness and tiredness. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped __49__ the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.D G A F B J HE C上海市青浦2009届高三第一学期学科测试2009.1Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.―Christmas comes but once a year‖ is a familiar phrase, and indeed for many people the 25th of December is the highlight of the calendar. But for one British man once a year is not 41 . Andy Park, who is better known by his nickname Mr Christmas, has 42 Christmas every single day for the last 14 years.The 44-year-old electrician claims to have eaten a full roast dinner every day for the last decade and a half, 43 his way through over 5,000 turkeys and around 30,000 roast potatoes in the process. He also sendshimself a Christmas card every day and looks forward to44 a present he has bought himself eachevening, while watching the Queen’s S peech.Mr Park 45 his festive fascination costs him £150 (1,570 yuan) a week. This year, however, Park says he is feeling the stress due to the global 46 crisis. His Christmas habit is placing 47 on more than just his wallet. Mr Park was previously warned by his doctor that his Christmas dependence could kill him. His daily over-craziness has caused his 48 to skyrocket to 121 kg.So how did Andy Park’s obsession with Christmas begin? ―I’ll never forget the day it started,‖ said Mr Park, ―t he sun was shining, but I was just feeling fed up and bored, so I went home and put the decorations up. 49 I was happy. I thought, this is fun. So I did it again the next day, and the day after that. ‖41~49 D F E J H B C A I2008~2009学年二模宝山区2008学年度第二学期高三质量抽查2009.4Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Big climate changes in the last million years might have come from something very small: dust from outer space.Earth changes between ice ages and warm periods in a(n) 41 that includes several cycles, including a 42 one that lasts 100,000 years. Scientists 43 suggested this cycle might be due to changes in the inflow of cosmic(宇宙) dust.The idea is that Earth 44 above and below the imaginary plane that runs through the sun and Jupiter(木星), completing a cycle every 100,000 years. So maybe it encounters 45__ varying amounts of dust during each cycle that produce the climate trend.Now there is some 46 , from ancient cosmic dust recovered in ocean-floor drilling near the Azores islands west of Portugal. The large quantity of the dust rises and falls with a wonderful 100,000 year cycle during the period analyzed, 253,000 years to 458,000 years ago. Periods of more dust are related to 47 climates.But that is a long way from showing that the dust 48 climate. Some scientists argue that it is not clear how cosmic dust would make the climate warmer while dust from volcanoes is known to make it cooler. They say the cosmic dust is so thin that it is hard to see how it could have any climate 49 .Nevertheless, the new study shows scientists have to take the cosmic dust idea seriously.41—49 CHAEG JFBI黄浦区2009年高考模拟考2009.4Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Academy Awards, affectionately known as the Oscars, are the oldest, best known, most influential and famous of film awards. The awards have been presented 41 (the first awards ceremony was held in May of 1929) by a non-profit professional organization —the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), 42 in Beverly Hills, California, and founded in 1927. Ever since 1941, when the now-famous confidential (机密的) envelope system was 43 , marking the first year of complete secrecy, ―the Envelope Please‖ has become a familiar 44that calls up the thought of the Academy Awards ceremony.Except for the early years of the institution, the awards honored films made during the previous 12-month 45 year. Until 1954, the Oscars were presented mostly on a Thursday evening. From 1955 to 1958, they were presented on a Wednesday. From 1959 until 1998 the Oscars were, with a few exceptions, presented on a Monday night. Only since 1999 has the Awards ceremony taken place on a Sunday ( 46 in March). In 2004, the ceremony was moved even earlier to improve ratings and to be more 47 to the awards ―season‖.The establishment of the Academy (and its awards system) has had a major effect and influence upon the film industry. The Academy has, with limited success, tried to 48 the influences of promotion, box office gross receipts, and studio public relations and 49 on voting results.41.F 42.C 43.J 44.G 45.I 46.D 47.E 48.A 49.H金山区2008学年第二学期高三质量测试2009.4Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Do you ever feel like no one understands you? It may seem like everyone else has lots of friends, and is getting invited to fun parties and outings while you are at home by yourself. But in fact, you’re not the only one who feels like this. In today’s 41 , with so many people all crowded together in such big cities, lots of people feel alone, even when there are many people 42 them.But being alone doesn’t43 that you have to be lonely. Whenever I’m reading a book, exercising, or doing other things that I love, I don’t feel lonely at all. I 44 feel quite happy when I’m busy. But when I focus on all of the things that I’m lacking, I get lonely an d feel unhappy. Everyone feels lonely at one point or another —even the happiest people can feel lonely sometimes.That you may feel lonely doesn’t mean it has to be a painful 45 . You can actually enjoy your time 46 by doing things that make you happy — give some 47 attention to yourself and to your hobbies. Reading a good book, going on a walk, or keeping a diary can give you some time to think about yourself and your feelings. Sometimes, it’s even more fun to do things on your own without a nyone else to think about.Since November 11th is ―Bachelor’s Day‖(单身汉节)why not 48 your independence and treat yourself to something special. Enjoy the quiet time by yourself. If your friends are feeling lonely, make sure that you 49 them by being there during hard times. And remember, one doesn’t have to be the loneliest number!41. F 42. C 43. I 44. E 45. A 46. J 47. H 48. B 49. D静安区2008学年第二学期高三年级教学质量检测2009.4Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Big climate changes in the last million years might have come from something very small: dust from outer space.Earth changes between ice ages and warm periods in a(n) __41__ that includes several cycles, including a __42__ one that lasts 100,000 years. Scientists __43__suggested this cycle might be due to changes in the inflow of cosmic(宇宙) dust.The idea is that Earth __44__above and below the imaginary plane that runs through the sun and Jupiter(木星), completing a cycle every 100,000 years. So maybe it encounters __45__varying amounts of dust during each cycle that produce the climate trend.Now there is some __46__, from ancient cosmic dust recovered in ocean-floor drilling near the Azores islands west of Portugal. The large quantity of the dust rises and falls with a wonderful 100,000 year cycle during the period analyzed, 253,000 years to 458,000 years ago. Periods of more dust are related to__47__ climates.But that is a long way from showing that the dust __48__ climate. Some scientists argue that it is not clear how cosmic dust would make the climate warmer while dust from volcanoes is known to make it cooler. They say the cosmic dust is so thin that it is hard to see how it could have any climate__49__.Nevertheless, the new study shows scientists have to take the cosmic dust idea seriously.41—49 CHAEG JFBI 50—64 A B D C B C B D C D B D A B B卢湾区2009年高考模拟考试2009.4Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Shanghai Metro Operation Company is planning to introduce more art and fashion elements into its 41 tracks and stations, particularly those 42 Shanghai’s 2010 World Expo.Expressing the specific culture of the city will be the 43 features of metro stations by 2010, when the World Expo is staged, according to an international Metro and Expo-related forum last week.According to the city officials on the forum, they want to share valuable experiences from other cities all over the world which have 44 used metro stations for art exhibitions.―The Metro will be an influential 45 for cultural exhibitions during the 2010 world Expo,‖ said Ying Minghong, chairman of Shanghai Shentong Metro Group.Currently, the city’s 140-kilometer metro network 46 16 percent of the city’s overall public transport volume. By 2010, Shanghai will have 11 metro lines, totaling some 400 kilometers.It is estimated that about 50 percent of the 47 400,000 passengers during the World Expo period (from May 1 to October 31, 2010) are expected to use the metro as their major transportation 48 . The huge amount of passengers can 49 a cultural communication through our metro culture.41-49 GDAFCBHIJ南汇区2008学年度第二学期高考模拟考试2009.4Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. NoteEach of us fails from time to time. If we are wise, we accept these failures as a necessary part of the learning process. But all too often we __41__ to our children either by words or by actions that failure is something to be ashamed of, that nothing but top performance meets our __42__.Donnie was my youngest student. His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children played excitedly. He __43__ answered questions—he might be wrong. I tried my best to build his self-confidence. But nothing changed until midterm, when Mary Anne, a student teacher, was assigned to our classroom. She was young and pretty, and she loved children. My pupils, Donnie included, __44__ her. But even enthusiastic, loving Mary was __45__ by this little boy who feared he might make a mistake.Then one morning we were working math problems. I left the children with Mary. But when I returned, Donnie was in tears. He’d missed the third problem. Mary looked at me in despair. Suddenly her face __46__. From the desk we shared, she got a canister(小筒) filled with pencils. She removed the pencils and placed them on his desk. ―See these pencils, Donnie?‖ she said, ―They belong to Mrs Lindstrom and me. See how the era sers are worn? That’s because we make __47__ too. But we erase the mistakes and try again.‖ She kissed him and continued, ―I’ll leave one of these pencils on your desk so you’ll remember that everybody makes mistakes, even teachers.‖Donnie looked up with love in his eyes and just a glimmer of a smile.The pencil became Donnie’s prized possession. That, together with Mary Anne’s __48__ encouragement and praise for even Donnie’s small successes, __49__ persuaded him that it’s all right to make mistakes—as long as you erase them and try again.41. C 42. F 43. B 44. E 45. J 46. H 47. G 48. A 49. I浦东新区2009年高考预测2009.4Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.This I BelieveI believe in the challenge to accomplish something out of the ordinary. I have ___41__ this belief from the Guinness Book of World Records. That book showed me the value of equal ____42__and competition. It proved to me, early on, that I could rise above anonymity and ___43___ remarkable things.The Guinne ss Book of World Records taught me to believe in the ―accessibility of the ―___44__‖. I was attracted by the descriptions in the book: the fastest, the longest, the widest, the most …whatever you can imagine. It opened up the possibility of what I might be able to do.The Guinness Book of World Records taught me tenacity and perseverance and, more __45___, the desire to do something unexpected. So many people in the book were __46___ by family and friends for what they were doing. Yet they did it. I see them as success stories --- the ___47____ people who did something extraordinary.I am not saving the world. I am not the best at what I do, but I am only 24 --- there is still time.The Guinness Book of World Records helped give me a different ___48___ on the impossible, and encouraged me to try something unusual. I believe in making the ―dream ‖ a ___49____, and I hope to someday break a few records myself.41.J 42.A 43.F 44.C 45.D 46.I 47.E 48.G 49.B奉贤区08学年第二学期高三英语高考模拟试题2009.4Section B (9%)Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note there in one word more than you need.Evidence is increasing that common influenza viruses are becoming resistant to the main drug used to treat them. The drug is oseltamivir, also known as Tamiflu.The most common ___41___ flu virus found in the United States this year is type A (H1N1). During the last flu season, twelve percent of H1N1 viruses ___42___ in the United States were resistant to Tamiflu. This year, researchers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say ___43___ is close to 100 percent. Still, they say early reports show that flu___44___ has been low so far this year.The research team is reporting its findings in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Alicia Fry led the team. Doctor Fry says it is better to prevent the flu than to have to ___45___ it. And the best form of prevention, she says, is getting vaccinated (进行预防接种) each year against influenza.Viruses change, or mutate, (变异) so flu vaccines must be reformulated each year to target the most common threats.But last week, two teams working ___46___ reported a discovery that could help lead to a universal flu vaccine. The hope is to develop a vaccine that could give ___47___ protection against a majority of flu viruses, including bird flu.The scientists ___48___ a protein that inactivates the flu virus before it can mutate.One team used an antibody found in blood donated by an individual. Scientist Ian Wilson at the Scripps Research Institute in California says the antibodies proved ___49 ___ effective in laboratory mice exposed to deadly levels of virus. He says they gave complete protection .41. J 42. B 43. F 44. D 45. G 46. E 47. H 48. C 49. I上海市2009普陀英语二模普陀区高三质量调研英语试卷2009.4Section B (9分)Directions: Complete the following passage by using ihe words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only ___41____ with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the heads with chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes through a window and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead!Of course he isn't___42___ dead. With any luck he isn't even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from ___43___moving trains, who crash cars of even ___44___ fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called ___45___. That is to say, they perform tricks.There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not ___46___ on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress (床垫). Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they crash through windows, the glass is made of sugar!But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and ____47__. Often a stuntman' s success depends on careful timing. For example, when he is "blown up" in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.Naturally stuntmen are well paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get ___48___ injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff a thousand feet high. His parachute (降落伞) failed to open, and he was killed. In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a ___49___ for men only. Men no longer dress up as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous action. For nowadays there are stuntgirls, too.41. I 42.G 43.A 44.D 45. B 46.E 47.C 48.F 49.H松江区2008学年度第二学期高三4月考A卷2009.4Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The World Expo (short for ―exposition‖) is known as World’s Fair. And it is a large, __41__, non-commercial exposition that has been held since the mid-19th century.The World Expo is the third largest __42__ in the world in terms of economic and cultural impact, after the FIFA World Expo Cup and the Olympic Games. In fact, the World Expo is regarded as the ―Olympic Games of the __43__,。