初中英语语法专题六——非谓语动词

常表示事物的性质，如important, possible, impossible, difficult, hard等。 比较
It is good of you to help me with my English. 你真好，帮助我学英语。 (强调you的特征=You are good to help me.) It is good for you to give up smoking. 戒烟对你有好处。 (强调的是give up smoking这一行为= For you to give up smoking is good.)
F、作定语（必须后置）
I have something to say . It’s the best way to help him .
1、had better 后 2、使让动词 make , let , have 用于主动语态时。 3、感官动词see, hear , watch , feel , notice 用在 “经常”的主动语态时。
Looking at a crowded street Listening to my own heart beat So many people all around the world Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand before I’m old Show me what love is - haven’t got a clue Show me that wonders can be true They say nothing lasts forever We’re only here today Love is now or never Bring me far away Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand and hold me Show me what love is - be my guiding star It’s easy take me to your heart Standing on a mountain high Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky I should go and see some friends But they don’t really comprehend Don’t need too much talking without saying anything All I need is someone who makes me wanna sing

初中英语语法公式非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不表示谓语关系，可作主语、宾语、定语、
状语等的动词形式。

在初中英语语法中，常见的非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词。

1.动词不定式
a. 主动形式：to + 动词原形（to do）
b. 被动形式：to be + 动词过去分词（to be done）
c. 完成形式：to have + 动词过去分词（to have done）
2.动名词
动名词的形式为动词 + -ing（doing）
3.分词
a. 现在分词：动词原形 + -ing（doing）
b. 过去分词：动词过去式或不规则过去分词形式（done）
非谓语动词在句子中具有以下用法：
1. 作主语：To travel is his dream.（不定式）
2. 作宾语：I like swimming.（动名词） / She wants to join
the club.（不定式）
3. 作定语：The book on the table is mine.（现在分词） / The girl with a red hat is my friend.（分词）。

初中英语语法专项复习之非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述：非谓语动词包括三种:不定式、动名词和分词。

其中，不定式可以表示目的、结果、原因等，动名词则可以表示目的、结果、原因等，分词则可以表示形容词、副词、动词等。

例如:I want to go to the store. (不定式)He enjoys playing soccer. (动名词)The sun is shining brightly in the sky. (分词)（二）非谓语动词的句法功能非谓语动词在句子中可以担任多种不同的语法角色，包括主语、宾语、补语、定语、状语等。

具体来说:不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

例如:The man who I saw yesterday is my friend. (不定式作主语)I want to be a doctor. (不定式作宾语)The problem that we face is too complex. (不定式作表语) He is the man who I saw yesterday. (不定式作定语)To be successful in life, you need to work hard. (不定式作状语)动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

例如:The project that we are working on is very important. (动名词作主语)She enjoys playing soccer with her friends. (动名词作宾语)The problem that we face is too complex. (动名词作表语) He is the person who is working hard. (动名词作定语)In order to be successful in life, you need to work hard. (动名词作状语)分词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

The nation being threatened by nuclear radiation is calling for help. （being threatened作定语，表示被动+进行。） Being threatened by nuclear radiation, the nation is calling for help. （being threatened作状语，表示被动+进行。） He found a good house to live in. （ to live in 作定语，表示目的+将来。） He worked hard to earn enough money for a new house. （to earn 作状语，表示目的+将来）
动作由所修饰的名 词主动发出。
to do
He is the right man to do the job. I have no chance to go sightseeing.
done
The material used by the factory is from Thailand. The destroyed bridge needs repairing.
主动 被动
常见非谓语动词的用法
非谓语动词与逻辑主 语间的关系
非谓语动词的形式
主动 被动
doing （动作和谓语动词同时发生，或者基本上同时发生） having done （动作在谓语动词之前发生） to do（动作在谓语动词之后发生） done（动作在谓语动词之前已结束，或者不强调动作发生的具体时间） being done（动作和谓语动词同时发生） having been done（动作在谓语动词之前发生） to be done（动作发生在非谓语动词之后）

初中语法非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式，包括动词的不定式、动名词和动词的分词形式。

在句子中，非谓语动词可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，能够丰富句子的结构和表达方式。

一、动词不定式（Infinitive）动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由动词原形加上to构成，表示一种动作或状态的概念。

1. 作主语：To learn a foreign language well is important.学好一门外语很重要。

2. 作宾语：I want to go shopping this weekend.我想这个周末去购物。

3. 作表语：Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。

4. 作定语：I have a book to read.我有一本要读的书。

5. 作状语：He went to the supermarket to buy some food.他去超市买些食物。

二、动名词（Gerund）动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，一般由动词原形加上-ing构成，表示名词的概念。

1. 作主语：Swimming is a good exercise.游泳是一项好的锻炼。

2. 作宾语：I like playing basketball.我喜欢打篮球。

3. 作表语：His hobby is singing songs.他的爱好是唱歌。

4. 作定语：I saw a man reading a book.我看到一个人在读书。

5. 作状语：She came here by bike.她骑车来这里。

三、分词（Participle）分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，分为现在分词（-ing形式）和过去分词（-ed形式）。

1. 现在分词作定语：The running water is very refreshing in summer.夏天流动的水非常凉快。

2. 过去分词作定语：The broken window needs to be fixed.那个破窗户需要修理。

初中英语语法之非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。

可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。

2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形。

1）一般式：主动语态：to do ，被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词2）进行式：主动语态：to be doing ，被动语态：无3）完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词4）用法：A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the workon time .C. 作宾语：a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch .b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don’t k now where to put thebike .c. 动词+形式宾语+宾补+to do I find it important to learna second foreign language .D. 作补语：a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes .b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词He often saw Tom play football .E. 作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren’t old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语：I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .5）动词不定式to 的省略：A. 在感官动词feel，hear，see，watch，notice 及使役动词have，let，make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to.I often saw him go out of the room .——He was often seen to go out of the room by me .B.在had better，would rather，do nothing but等后面常省to.6）动词不定式的否定形式：not + to do ，有时也可以用-never + to do 结构。

初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）。

1）不定式a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。

例如：2. worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为"值得"。

1) worth：be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth（someone’s）while doingbe worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。

2) worthy：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile：be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。

典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。

选C。

动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。

初中英语语法之非谓语动词非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。

可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。

2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形(在某些情况下可以不带to )。

(没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化)○1 一般式：主动语态：to do , 被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)○2 进行式：主动语态：to be doing , 被动语态：无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)○3 完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)○4 用法：A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It's not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time .C. 作宾语：a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch . (agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …)b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don't know where to put the bike .c. 动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .D. 作补语：a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow, encourage…)b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词He often saw Tom play football .(see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let…)E. 作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren't old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语：I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .○5 动词不定式to 的省略：A. 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to。

中学英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词的非时态形式，它包括不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）。

非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，具有多种语法功能和句法结构。

在中学英语中，非谓语动词被广泛使用，掌握非谓语动词的用法对于学生的语言表达能力和阅读理解能力提升非常重要。

一、不定式（Infinitives）1. 不定式作主语：- To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your future.- It's important to exercise regularly.2. 不定式作宾语：- I want to go shopping after school.- He promised to finish the report by tomorrow.3. 不定式作表语：- Her dream is to become a doctor.- The most important thing is to believe in yourself.4. 不定式作定语：- She has a lot of books to read during the summer vacation.- This is a good place to have a picnic.5. 不定式作状语：- I wake up early to catch the bus.- She studied hard to pass the exam.二、动名词（Gerunds）1. 动名词作主语：- Swimming is my favorite sport.- Dancing helps improve coordination.2. 动名词作宾语：- She enjoys reading novels.- He hates doing the dishes.3. 动名词作表语：- His hobby is playing the piano.- The key to success is working hard.4. 动名词作定语：- I have a meeting with my boss tomorrow morning. - The running water sounds relaxing.5. 动名词作状语：- She left the room, crying loudly.- He drove to work, listening to music.三、分词（Participles）1. 现在分词作定语：- The exciting movie kept us on the edge of our seats. - The running boy bumped into a lady.2. 现在分词作状语：- Smiling happily, she accepted the gift.- With his homework finished, he went to bed.3. 过去分词作定语：- The broken chair needs to be repaired.- The lost dog was found by its owner.4. 过去分词作状语：- Inspired by her teacher, she decided to pursue a career in art.- Exhausted from the long journey, they went straight to bed.总结起来，中学英语非谓语动词的用法主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

初中英语知识归纳总结——非谓语动词非谓语动词（一）教学重点动词不定式在英语中，不充当句子谓语的动词，叫作非谓语动词。

由于非谓语动词不受主语的限制，没有时态和语态，所以又叫非限定动词。

非限定动词有三种形式：动词不定式；动名词和分词。

1、动词不定式（1）动词不定式的构成和性质动词不定式是一种非谓语动词，所谓非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词。

正因为如此，它不受主语的人称和数的限制，没有人称和数的变化，但它具有动词的某些特征，可以带宾语和状语构成不定式短语。

其构成是：“to + 动词原形”，否定式是“not to +动词原形”。

to是不定式符号，无词义。

（2）动词不定式的用法动词不定式除了不能作谓语外，可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

①作主语To learn English well is not easy.To drive fast is quite dangerous.不定式作主语时常常用it作形式主语，不定式放在谓语之后以上两个例句可以写成：It is not easy to learn English well.It is quite dangerous to drive fast.这种用法可以归纳成这样一个句型：It is (not) + 形容词+ (for sb.) to do sth.It is very expensive for me to buy a car.It is very difficult for a child to do that job.有些形容词之后跟of + 名词（代词宾语）+不定式。

如：It is very kind of you to say so.It is very good of you to come.②作表语。

如：My job is to teach English.The first thing is to ring him up.③作宾语。

初中英语-初中非谓语动词全总结初中非谓语动词全总结一.非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。

二.非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

具体形式如下：1.不定式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）例如：XXX us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。

2.动名词：doing（表示主动）例如：XXX people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

3.现在分词：doing（表示主动和进行）例如：XXX，XXX.他坐在那边，读着一张报纸。

4.曩昔分词：done及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。

polluted river被污染的河流（及物动词pollute和river之间是被动关系，即“河流被污染”）XXX落叶（不及物动词fall和leaves之间是主动关系，即“叶子落下来”）注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。

非谓语动词表示进行和将来是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将来三.非谓语动词的作用非谓语动词除去不克不及做谓语以外，其它一切身分都能够做。

详细如下。

1.不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。

To learn a foreign language is difficult .（作主语）学会一门外语是很难的。

It’s easy to see their aunt.（作真正主语，it做形式主语）很容易见到他们的姑姑。

Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.（作宾语）XXX想要喝杯啤酒。

His wish is to be a driver.（作表语）他的愿望是当一名司机。

I have nothing to say.（作定语）我没有什么可说的。

初中英语非谓语动词讲解在初中英语的学习中，非谓语动词是一个比较重要且有一定难度的语法点。

理解和掌握非谓语动词对于提高英语语言的运用能力有着至关重要的作用。

那么，什么是非谓语动词呢？非谓语动词就是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词形式，主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。

我们先来看看动词不定式。

动词不定式的基本形式是“to ＋动词原形”，比如“to study”“to play”。

它在句子中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。

作主语时，通常把动词不定式放在句首，谓语动词用单数形式。

例如：“To learn English well is not easy”（学好英语不容易。

）不过，为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语动词不定式后置，比如：“It is not easy to learn English well”作宾语的情况也很常见，比如“want to do sth”（想要做某事）“decide to do sth”（决定做某事）。

作定语时，动词不定式通常放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，例如：“I have a lot of homework to do”（我有很多作业要做。

）作状语时，可以表示目的、结果等。

比如“He came here to see me”（他来这儿是为了看我。

）“He is too young to go to school”（他太小了，不能上学。

）作宾语补足语的例子有“ask sb to do sth”（让某人做某事）“tell sb to do sth”（告诉某人做某事）。

接下来是动名词。

动名词是由动词＋ ing 形式构成，比如“studying”“playing”。

动名词具有名词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语等。

作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，例如：“Swimming is good for health”（游泳对健康有益。

初中英语语法-⾮谓语动词⾮谓语动词⼀.定义：⾮谓语动词是指在句⼦中不是谓语的动词，即动词的⾮谓语形式。

约占中考10%。

⼆.分类：动词不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词。

1.动词不定式1)构成：(not) to do / (not) do2)句法功能：（1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. ⼗分钟之内完成这项⼯作是很难的。

To lose your heart means failure. 灰⼼意味着失败。

动词不定式短语作主语时，常⽤it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上⾯两句可⽤如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. ⼗分钟之内完成这项⼯作是很难的。

It means failure to lose your heart. 灰⼼意味着失败。

常⽤句式：It+be+名词+to do sth.It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.It+be+形容词+of /forsb +to do sth.常⽤careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise,等表⽰赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。

区别：当使⽤for时，句中形容词修饰的是不定式；It’s necessary for you to study hard .（necessary 修饰to study hard，表⽰学习努⼒是有必要的）⽽⽤of时，句中形容词修饰逻辑主语。

It’s fo olish of him to do it .（foolish 修饰逻辑主语him）（2）作表语：Her job is to clean the hall. 她的⼯作是打扫⼤厅。

初中英语语法公式（6）非谓语动词公式1To do+谓语动词+其他(不定式作主语)：To learn Chinese well is very difficult. 学好汉语很难。

公式2主语+谓语动词+to do…(不定式作宾语)：I can’t afford to buy a car. 我买不起汽车。

公式35主语+谓语+it+形容词+(for sb.)to do…（不定式作宾语）I think it hard to learn English well. 我认为学好英语很困难。

公式3主语+及物动词+宾语+ (to) do…（不定式作宾语补足语）He told us to work hard. 他告诉我们要努力学习。

公式4be+情感形容词+to do…（不定式作状语）She was happy to hear the news. 听到这个消息她很高兴。

公式5to do…/in order to do…/…so as to do…（不定式作状语）To find out more about courses, write to this adress. 想了解更多课程的信息，按这个地址来函。

公式6动名词+谓语动词+其他（动名词作主语）Watching TV too much is bad for eyes. 看太多的电视对眼睛不好。

公式7主语+及物动词（短语）+动名词（动名词作宾语）Would you mind my singing here? 我在这里唱歌，你介意吗？公式8... without + N/doing ...结构︰主语＋动词＋…without＋名词／动名词…。

说明︰此句型意为“主语没有（不用）…”。

without 当“没有；不用；假如没有；当…不”解，是介系词，后面接名词（代名词）或动名词，用法相当于“and ... not”或“if（when）…not＋动词”。

I can’t start a fire without matches. 我没有火柴不能点火。

初中英语语法专题六——非谓语动词本课重点：1.非谓语动词复习；2.2011年全国各地110份中考英语试题解析版汇编之一单项选择——非谓语动词；3.词汇积累名言警句：Practise what you preach. 严于律己，宽于待人。

非谓语动词复习中考非谓语动词语法网络结构图一、非谓语动词的概说1. like to do sth. 表示心理或一次性的具体动作like doing sth. 表示习惯性动作（类似的还有love, hate）2. begin / start to do sth begin / start doing sth.1)谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.How old were you when you first started playing the piano?你几岁时开始弹钢琴？2)begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to doI was beginning to get angry。

我开始生起气来。

3)在begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。

I begin to understand the truth。

4)物作主语时It began to melt.3. 感官动词+ doing/to do感官动词see, watch, , notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。

(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

知识归纳 常用it作形式主语的句式 It is no use/ good doing..做...是没有用的不好的。 It is a waste of time doing...做..是浪费时间的。 It is useful/ enjoyable/ tiring doing...
做...是有用的/ 令人高兴的/累人的
(6)不定式作状语
①不定式作状语主要表示目的等。表示目的时常位于句首，表 示原因和结果时常位于句尾。 eg: To arrive there on time, I got up one hour earlier than usual. eg: In ancient China, food was stored with ice to kee p it fresh.
常接动名词作宾语的(短语)动词
enjoy喜欢
finish完成
practise练习
suggest建议
mind介意
avoid避免
admit承认
consider考虑
give up放弃
look forward to盼望
imagine想象
be busy忙于 put off推迟
feel like想要
be worth值得
(4)不定式作宾语补足语
eg: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. eg: Mr. White persuaded Tom not to smoke any more. eg: I sat near her and heard her sing the new song. eg: The peaceful music in the CD made the students feel relax.