AOAC 991.14 食品中的大肠杆菌测定--AOAC Official method 991.14 coloform and escherichia coli counts i

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17.3.04AOAC Official Method991.14Coliform and Escherichia coliCounts in FoodsDry Rehydratable Film(PetrifilmäE.coli/Coliform Count PlateäandPetrifilmäColiform Count Plateä)MethodsFirst Action1991Final Action1994See Table991.14for the results of the interlaboratory study sup-porting the acceptance of the method.A.PrincipleSee989.10A(see17.3.03).B.Apparatus and ReagentSee989.10B(b)–(f)(see17.3.03).E.coli count plates.—Plates are similar to coliform count plates, 989.10B(b)(see17.3.03),withadditionof5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-glucuronide,an indicator of glucuronidase activity.This allows coliforms and E.coli tobereadonthesameplate.Petrifilm E.coli CountPlates(Micro-biologyProducts,3MCenter,Bldg.275-5W-05,St.Paul,MN55144,USA) meet these specifications.C.Preparation of Test SuspensionSee966.23B(see17.2.01)and986.33C(see17.3.02).D.Analysis(a)Coliform count.—Place dry-film E.coli count plate,B,or coliform count plate,989.10B(b)(see17.3.03),on flat surface.Lift top film and inoculate1mL test suspension onto center of film base. Carefully place top film down onto inoculum.Distribute test suspen-sion over prescribed growth area with downward pressure on center of plastic spreader device(flat side down).Leave plate undisturbed 1min to permit gel to solidify.Incubate plates24±2h at35°±1°C. In incubator,place plates in horizontal position,clear side up,in stacks not exceeding20units.Count plates promptly after incuba-tion period.After incubation is complete,plates may be stored frozen(≤–15°C)up to7days.This should be avoided as routine e standard colony counter for counting purposes.Magni-fier-illuminator may also be used to facilitate counting.Coliforms ap-pear as red colonies that have one or more gas bubbles associated (within one colony diameter)with them.Count all colonies in countable range(15–150colonies).Red colonies without gas bubbles are not counted as coliform organisms.(b)E.coli count.—Use E.coli count plate and proceed as in(a).In-cubate an additional24±2h(48±4h total).E.coli colonies appear as blue colonies associated with gas bubbles;other coliforms appear as red colonies with gas.Reference:JAOAC74,635(1991).Revised:March2002Table991.14Interlaboratory study results for total coliforms and E.coli on dry-film count platesProduct Level Mean log,cfu/g s r s R RSD r,%RSD R,%Total coliforms on coliform count platesGround turkey Low 1.8450.1930.29610.516.1Medium 2.2350.3610.36116.216.2High 2.7440.1050.270 3.89.9 Fresh mushrooms Low 4.2410.2780.808 6.619.0Medium 4.9990.662 1.14113.222.8High 5.1970.1200.872 2.316.8 Beef with gravy Low 1.0690.2430.28822.727.0Medium 2.0620.2570.39112.518.9High 2.7320.2330.3208.511.7 Cheese Low0.7830.1720.17221.921.9Medium 2.4110.0920.206 3.88.5High 3.4340.2120.364 6.210.6 Wheat flour Low 2.6350.2910.87411.133.2Medium 3.4600.746 1.29121.637.3High 4.0490.873 1.55021.638.3 Nut meal Low0.8960.3360.44337.549.5Medium 1.3450.4860.69936.252.0High 2.3700.2670.83111.335.1Total coliforms on E.coli count platesGround turkey Low 1.9340.1770.2619.213.5Medium 2.2160.2850.31512.914.2High 2.8350.1130.242 4.08.5 Fresh mushrooms Low 4.5500.0790.722 1.715.9Medium 5.2780.600 1.00111.419.0High 5.2270.3460.817 6.615.6 Beef with gravy Low 1.0160.2150.28421.227.9Medium 2.0600.2560.29512.414.3High 2.6790.1910.3317.112.4 Cheese Low0.8130.1720.19221.123.6Medium 2.5070.1090.238 4.39.5High 3.6200.0740.106 2.1 2.9 Wheat flour Low 2.6390.2430.8839.233.4Medium 3.4320.826 1.31824.138.4High 4.0640.929 1.55722.938.8 Nut meal Low0.7590.0280.295 3.738.8Medium 1.4030.3780.72826.951.8High 2.3550.4250.91518.038.9Total E.coli on E.coli count platesGround turkey Low 1.4190.3160.31622.322.3Medium 1.9230.3640.36418.918.9High 2.6070.0980.233 3.88.9 Fresh mushrooms Low 2.5000.2610.34310.413.7Medium 3.0580.2960.4229.713.8High 3.4360.7150.76020.822.1 Beef with gravy Low0.7530.0280.172 3.722.8Medium0.9910.1540.60115.660.7High 1.3120.1610.82812.363.1 Cheese Low0.8190.1900.19023.223.2Medium 2.4540.0980.166 4.0 6.8High 3.4400.1120.123 3.2 3.6 Wheat flour Low 1.1750.5240.73744.662.7Medium 3.0950.967 1.36231.344.0High 3.5490.821 1.44223.140.6 Nut meal Low0.7160.0670.2369.433.0Medium 1.2680.2680.60521.147.7High 2.3140.2650.85711.437.0。