To T1A1.2 (Network Survivability Performance) Mailing List
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The ITU-T published J.144, a measurement of quality of service, for the transmission of television and other multimedia digital signals over cable networks. This defines the relationship between subjective assessment of video by a person and objective measurements taken from the network.The correlation between the two are defined by two methods:y Full Reference (Active) – A method applicable when the full reference video signal is available, and compared with the degraded signal as it passes through the network.y No Reference (Passive) – A method applicable when no reference video signal or informationis available.VIAVI believes that a combination of both Active and Passive measurements gives the correct blendof analysis with a good trade off of accuracy and computational power. T eraVM provides both voice and video quality assessment metrics, active and passive, based on ITU-T’s J.144, but are extended to support IP networks.For active assessment of VoIP and video, both the source and degraded signals are reconstituted from ingress and egress IP streams that are transmitted across the Network Under T est (NUT).The VoIP and video signals are aligned and each source and degraded frame is compared to rate the video quality.For passive measurements, only the degraded signal is considered, and with specified parameters about the source (CODEC, bit-rate) a metric is produced in real-time to rate the video quality.This combination of metrics gives the possibility of a ‘passive’ but lightweight Mean Opinion Score (MOS) per-subscriber for voice and video traffic, that is correlated with CPU-expensive but highly-accurate ‘active’ MOS scores.Both methods provide different degrees of measurement accuracy, expressed in terms of correlation with subjective assessment results. However, the trade off is the considerable computation resources required for active assessment of video - the algorithm must decode the IP stream and reconstitute the video sequence frame by frame, and compare the input and outputnframesto determine its score. The passive method is less accurate, but requires less computing resources. Active Video AnalysisThe active video assessment metric is called PEVQ– Perceptual Evaluation of Video Quality. PEVQ provides MOS estimates of the video quality degradation occurring through a network byBrochureVIAVITeraVMVoice, Video and MPEG Transport Stream Quality Metricsanalysing the degraded video signal output from the network. This approach is based on modelling the behaviour of the human visual tract and detecting abnormalities in the video signal quantified by a variety of KPIs. The MOS value reported, lies within a range from 1 (bad) to 5 (excellent) and is based on a multitude of perceptually motivated parameters.T o get readings from the network under test, the user runs a test with an video server (T eraVM or other) and an IGMP client, that joins the stream for a long period of time. The user selects the option to analysis the video quality, which takes a capture from both ingress and egress test ports.Next, the user launches the T eraVM Video Analysis Server, which fetches the video files from the server, filters the traffic on the desired video channel and converts them into standard video files. The PEVQ algorithm is run and is divided up into four separate blocks.The first block – pre-processing stage – is responsible for the spatial and temporal alignment of the reference and the impaired signal. This process makes sure, that only those frames are compared to each other that also correspond to each other.The second block calculates the perceptual difference of the aligned signals. Perceptual means that only those differences are taken into account which are actually perceived by a human viewer. Furthermore the activity of the motion in the reference signal provides another indicator representing the temporal information. This indicator is important as it takes into account that in frame series with low activity the perception of details is much higher than in frame series with quick motion. The third block in the figure classifies the previously calculated indicators and detects certain types of distortions.Finally, in the fourth block all the appropriate indicators according to the detected distortions are aggregated, forming the final result ‒ the mean opinion score (MOS). T eraVM evaluates the quality of CIF and QCIF video formats based on perceptual measurement, reliably, objectively and fast.In addition to MOS, the algorithm reports:y D istortion indicators: For a more detailed analysis the perceptual level of distortion in the luminance, chrominance and temporal domain are provided.y D elay: The delay of each frame of the test signal related to the reference signal.y Brightness: The brightness of the reference and degraded signal.y Contrast: The contrast of the distorted and the reference sequence.y P SNR: T o allow for a coarse analysis of the distortions in different domains the PSNR is provided for theY (luminance), Cb and Cr (chrominance) components separately.y Other KPIs: KPIs like Blockiness (S), Jerkiness, Blurriness (S), and frame rate the complete picture of the quality estimate.Passive MOS and MPEG StatisticsThe VQM passive algorithm is integrated into T eraVM, and when required produces a VQM, an estimation of the subjective quality of the video, every second. VQM MOS scores are available as an additional statistic in the T eraVM GUI and available in real time. In additionto VQM MOS scores, MPEG streams are analysed to determine the quality of each “Packet Elementary Stream” and exports key metrics such as Packets received and Packets Lost for each distinct Video stream within the MPEG Transport Stream. All major VoIP and Video CODECs are support, including MPEG 2/4 and the H.261/3/3+/4.2 TeraVM Voice, Video and MPEG Transport Stream Quality Metrics© 2020 VIAVI Solutions Inc.Product specifications and descriptions in this document are subject to change without notice.tvm-vv-mpeg-br-wir-nse-ae 30191143 900 0620Contact Us +1 844 GO VIAVI (+1 844 468 4284)To reach the VIAVI office nearest you, visit /contacts.VIAVI SolutionsVoice over IP call quality can be affected by packet loss, discards due to jitter, delay , echo and other problems. Some of these problems, notably packet loss and jitter, are time varying in nature as they are usually caused by congestion on the IP path. This can result in situations where call quality varies during the call - when viewed from the perspective of “average” impairments then the call may appear fine although it may have sounded severely impaired to the listener. T eraVM inspects every RTP packet header, estimating delay variation and emulating the behavior of a fixed or adaptive jitter buffer to determine which packets are lost or discarded. A 4- state Markov Model measures the distribution of the lost and discarded packets. Packet metrics obtained from the Jitter Buffer together with video codec information obtained from the packet stream to calculate a rich set of metrics, performance and diagnostic information. Video quality scores provide a guide to the quality of the video delivered to the user. T eraVM V3.1 produces call quality metrics, includinglistening and conversational quality scores, and detailed information on the severity and distribution of packet loss and discards (due to jitter). This metric is based on the well established ITU G.107 E Model, with extensions to support time varying network impairments.For passive VoIP analysis, T eraVM v3.1 emulates a VoIP Jitter Buffer Emulator and with a statistical Markov Model accepts RTP header information from the VoIP stream, detects lost packets and predicts which packets would be discarded ‒ feeding this information to the Markov Model and hence to the T eraVM analysis engine.PESQ SupportFinally , PESQ is available for the analysis of VoIP RTP Streams. The process to generate PESQ is an identical process to that of Video Quality Analysis.。
浅谈MATIP与BATAP协议及其在民航自动转报网络中的应用发表时间:2018-09-18T09:47:04.917Z 来源:《知识-力量》3中作者:陈鹏[导读] 本文介绍了MATIP 及BATAP协议。
(北京天航信民航通信网络发展有限公司,北京 100192)摘要:本文介绍了MATIP 及BATAP协议。
关键词:民航;MATIP;BATAP;TCP/IP;前言:MATIP是RFC标准文档,适用于航空通讯的标准协议。
它的英文全称为Mapping of Airline Reservation, Ticketing and Messaging Traffic over IP,翻译为航空流量服务IP组,它是基于TCP进行数据传输。
其中MATIP分两类,分别是TYPE A、TYPE B,TYPE A主要应用于实时性较强的业务中,比如订票系统、离港系统。
TYPE B主要应用于实时性要求不太高的业务中,如电子邮件。
本文重点来讲解MATIP-TYPE B类型的传输机制。
BATAP是TYPE B APPLICATION TO APPLICATION PROTOCOL的简写,是应用层的协议,过去是由SITA声明,现在是由IATA(国际航空运输协会)发布,主要功能是提供端到端的报文确认。
其实是对TYPE B报文传输加了一层保护。
1.MATIP协议1.1介绍MATIP是端到端的协议.它试图在TCP层和航空应用间建立一个与路由无关的映射标准1.2 TCP 端口分配IANA(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)为MATIP TYPE A和TYPE B流分配了相应端口号:MATIP Type A TCP 端口: 350,MATIP TypeB TCP 端口: 351,通过不同的TCP端口号就可以区分数据流是type A 还是B。
1.3 MATIP会话建立的方式在两个应用进行数据交互之前,必须在TCP连接已经建立的基础之上,MAITP会话才能建立,用以确定数据流的属性,对不同的参数集,必须建立不同的会话和TCP连接,比如:两点间的P1024B和P1024C数据流需要建立两个不同的会话。
Page 1 of 2APPLICATIONThe ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack supports 10GBASE-T networks. The jack is part of a complete ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A UTP system, ideal for the most demanding mission-critical network applications. The connector supports emerging technologies and will easily adapt to network trends.SPECIFICATIONThe jack shall meet or exceed the requirements for channel and component-level electrical transmission performance as described in ANSI/TIA-568.2-D (Cat 6A), ISO/IEC11801-1 (Class E A ), and EN 50173-1 (Class E A ). The jack shall be compliant with ANSI/TIA-1096-A, c(UL)us Listed, and be independently verified for electrical transmission performance and power delivery. The jack body shall be made of die-cast zinc and all plastic components shall be made of high-impact, fire-retardant plastic rated UL 94V-0. The jack shall support tool-free termination and re-termination and shall not require a specialized termination tool. The jack wiring shall be universal to accommodate T568A and T568B wiring schemes. The jack shall be available in 13 colors; more than established by the ANSI/TIA-606-C standard. The jack shall be offered in standard and shuttered styles and select jacks shall be supplied with interchangeable icons. The jack shall be compliant with IEEE 802.3 PoE Type 1, 2, 3, 4 (100 watts max).DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS• Use in any QUICKPORT™ housing to support Cat 6A UTP connectivity in surface-mount, flush-mount, or modular furniture outlets and field-configurable panels• Can be used in conjunction with other QUICKPORT snap-in modules for voice/data/video applications over UTP , coax, and fiber• To identify ports, use different colored modules andicons for each application (full selection of ANSI/TIA-606 compatible colors, 13 available)• Robust housing and shutter protects the jack in harsh environmentsATLAS-X1™ Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT™ Jack6AUJK-xx6, ICONS-ICxFEATURES• Independently tested and guaranteed to exceed all component, permanent link, and channel margins• Patented Retention Force Technology™ (RFT) protects against tine damage and increases system longevity • For Power over Ethernet, RFT maintains contact force between plug and jack, preventing arcing from intermittent disconnects• Unique design supports tool-free termination andre-termination and requires no specialized termination tool • Short jack design supports a wider range of applications (e.g. shallow boxes, enclosures, bend radius, etc.)• Terminates from 26 to 22 AWG solid or stranded conductors for use on various cable types• Robust IDCs can withstand 20 re-termination cycles and jack contacts are tested for 750 plug-mating cycles to ensure system longevity• Available in 13 ANSI/TIA-606-C compatible colors • Tested and approved for use in air-handling spaces (plenum rating) in accordance with UL Standard 2043• Select jacks available with interchangeable icons (voice, data, A/V, blank) for easy ID• Jack with internal shutter protects against dust and debris • Solid metal body dissipates 53% more heat than plastic, minimizing damage from excess heat in PoE applications • Tine geometry prevents arcing damage where plug and jack make contactSTANDARDS & REGULATIONS• ANSI/TIA-568.2-D (Cat 6A)• ISO/IEC 11801-1 (Cat 6A)• EN 50173-1 (Cat 6A)• ANSI/TIA-1096-A (formerly FCC Part 68)• IEC 60603-7 (includes IEC 60512-5-2)• IEC 60512-99-002• IEEE 802.3 PoE Type 1, 2, 3, 4 (100 watts max)• Cisco UPOE, UPOE+ (90 watts max)• Power over HDBaseT™ PoH (95 watts max)• c(UL)us Listed (UL 1863)• UL 2043 Plenum Certified • RoHS 3• ETL verified to meet the IEC 60512-99-002 standard for support of IEEE 802.3 Type 4 PoE (100 watt) applicationsCOUNTRY OF ORIGINUSA and Mexico (Contact Customer Service for details)6AUJK-xx6, ICONS-ICxUSANetwork Solutions Headquarters +1 (800) 722 2082 *******************Leviton Berk-Tek Cable : +1 (800) 237 5835 ************************Asia Pacific+852 3620 2602********************Canada+1 (800) 461 2002**********************Europe+44 (0) 1592 772124 **********************Latin AmericaMX: +52 (55) 2128 6286 LATAM: +52 (55) 2333 5963 *********************Middle East & Africa +971 (4) 247 9800 *******************NETWORK SOLUTIONS PRODUCTS ARE AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE IN OVER 100 COUNTRIES. VISIT US ONLINE AT /NS TO LEARN MORE.Page 2 of 2For further support information, visit /ns/support6AUJK-xx6, ICONS-ICx6AUJK-xx6, ICONS-ICxMECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONSDimensions:See belowMaterials: Jack Body: Die-cast zincSpring-Wire Contacts: High quality, copper-based alloy, plated with 50 microinches of gold for lowest contact resistance andmaximum life Temp. (Storage):Temp. (Installation): Temp. (Operating):Humidity (Max.):WARRANTY INFORMATIONFor Leviton product warranties, go to /ns/warrantyPART NUMBERDescriptionStandard Jack Jack with Shutter GREENPACK™12-Pack Standard Jack ATLAS-X1™ Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT™ Jack, white 6AUJK-RW66AUJK-SW66AUJK-CW6ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, light almond 6AUJK-RT66AUJK-ST6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, ivory 6AUJK-RI66AUJK-SI6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, yellow 6AUJK-RY66AUJK-SY6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, orange 6AUJK-RO66AUJK-SO6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, crimson 6AUJK-RC66AUJK-SC6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, dark red 6AUJK-RR66AUJK-SR6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, purple 6AUJK-RP66AUJK-SP6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, blue 6AUJK-RL66AUJK-SL66AUJK-CL6ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, green 6AUJK-RV66AUJK-SV6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, gray 6AUJK-RG66AUJK-SG6—ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, black6AUJK-RE66AUJK-SE66AUJK-CE6ATLAS-X1 Cat 6A Component-Rated UTP QUICKPORT Jack, brown6AUJK-RB66AUJK-SB6—Green (V)Blue (L)Purple (P)Crimson (C)Dark Red (R)Orange (O)Yellow (Y)Black (E)Gray (G)Ivory (I)Light Almond (T)Brown (B)Color-matched icons (ICONS-ICx) can be ordered separately in 72-quantity packs.x = icon color。
机器学习中的迁移学习算法评估指标在机器学习领域,迁移学习是指将从一个领域学到的知识应用到另一个相关但略有不同的领域中的技术。
迁移学习算法评估指标是用来评估迁移学习算法性能和效果的指标。
本文将介绍几种常用的迁移学习算法评估指标,并对其进行详细解释。
1. 准确率(Accuracy)准确率是迁移学习算法评估中最常用的指标之一。
它表示分类器被正确分类的样本在总样本中所占的比例。
准确率越高,说明算法在迁移学习任务上的性能越好。
2. 精确率(Precision)与召回率(Recall)精确率和召回率是用来评估二分类问题中的迁移学习算法的指标。
精确率表示被正确分类的正样本在所有被分类为正样本中的比例,召回率表示被正确分类的正样本在所有真实正样本中的比例。
精确率和召回率通常是相互影响的,需要在两者之间进行权衡。
3. F1值F1值是综合考虑精确率和召回率的指标。
它是精确率和召回率的调和平均值,可以有效评估迁移学习算法在处理不平衡数据集时的表现。
F1值越接近1,说明算法性能越好。
4. AUC-ROC(Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve)AUC-ROC是用来评估二分类问题中迁移学习算法的指标。
ROC曲线是以真正例率(TPR)为纵轴,以假正例率(FPR)为横轴绘制的曲线。
AUC-ROC值表示ROC曲线下的面积,范围在0到1之间。
AUC-ROC值越接近1,说明算法具有更好的分类性能。
5. 平均准确率(Mean Average Precision)平均准确率是用来评估迁移学习算法在多类别问题中的指标。
它综合了每个类别的准确率,并计算出一个平均值。
平均准确率越高,说明算法对多个类别的分类性能越好。
6. 均方误差(Mean Squared Error)均方误差是用来评估回归问题中的迁移学习算法的指标。
它表示预测值与真实值之间的差异程度。
均方误差越小,说明算法对实际值的预测越准确。
Eaton Gigabit Industrial Gateway X2 CardIndustrial gateway cardThe Eaton Gigabit IndustrialGateway X2 Card (INDGW-X2) is Eaton’s latest UPS connectivity device that delivers industrial professionals with new andexciting capabilities and features. The first UPS network card to meet both UL 2900-1 and IEC 62443-4-2 cybersecurity standards, the Gigabit Industrial Gateway X2 Card improves power system reliability by providing warnings of pending issues to administrators and helping to perform orderly graceful shutdown of servers and storage. The new network card works with Intelligent Power Manager (IPM) v1.61 (and higher) to improve business continuity by triggering policies configured to keep missioncritical applications running in the event of power or environmental anomalies, including virtualmachine relocation or automated disaster recovery action.Details• G igabit speed: compatible with better performing, cost effective and widely deployed gigabit network switches • C ompliance with Gigabit only data center networks• C ybersecurity enhancements for UL 2900-1 and IEC 62443-4-2 certifications,including stronger encryption, configurable passwordpolicy and X.509 Public Key Infrastructure• R eal-time clock with battery backup and linkage to NTP (Network Time Protocol) server• I ncreased memory for improved operation and larger data storage• A dvanced Management with RESTful API over HTTPS • S ecure SMTP for email alertsEaton1000 Eaton Boulevard Cleveland, OH 44122 United States © 2021 EatonAll Rights Reserved Printed in USA BR152075EN / GG October 2021Eaton is a registered trademark.All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.Optional monitoring probeEaton is also offering a new Environmental Monitoring Probe (EMP) Gen 2 (EMPDT1H1C2), an environmental monitoring probe with sensors (temperature, humidity and dry-contact monitoring) and the ability to be daisy-chained (up to 3 per host), allowing multiple sensorconnection to a single host. The probe is compatible with the Gigabit Industrial Gateway X2 Card and Eaton rackPDUs including G3 (firmware 4.x or later), G3HD and G3+.Technical specifications 1Eaton Gigabit Industrial Gateway X2 CardFunction Web/Industrial communicationsHardware compatibility BladeUPS, 9155, 9355, 9395, 9395P , 9395C Compatible with IPv4/IPv6 TLS 1.2Catalog number INDGW-X2Protocol support HTTPS, TLS 1.2, SNMPv1, SNMPv3, NTP , TFTP , SMTP , SMTPS,B OOTP , DHCP , SLAAC, SSH, MQTTS, ModbusTCP , Modbus RTU, BACnet IP , BACnet BBMD UPS slot type X-SlotNetwork support Ethernet 10/100/1000BaseTTemperature and Yes, only with the Eaton Environmental Monitoring humidity monitoring Probe Gen 2Software supportI ntelligent Power Manager 1.61 and higher (visit /IPM for all power management capabilities including hyperconverged infrastructure), Intelligent Power Protector 1.61 and higher (visit /IPP for a full compatibility operating system matrix), any SNMP compliant Network Management System (NMS)Supported MIB MIB II – Standard IETF UPS MIB (RFC 1628) – Eaton xUPS MIB Supported browsersC hrome and Firefox Local language support English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Chinese Simplified,Chinese Traditional, Japanese, Russian Operating temperature 32 to 104° F (0 to 40° C)Operating humidity 90% RH max. without condensation Power input 5 V – 12 VCurrent consumption 500/1000mA max. depending on UPS Dimensions (H x W x D) 4.4 x 1.5 x 4.5 in. (112 x 38 x 115 mm)Weight 4.6 oz. (131 g)RegulatorySame as UPSFor more information, please visit:/INDGW-X21. D ue to continuous product improvements, program specifications are subject to change without notice.Follow us on social media to get thelatest product and support information.Eaton Gigabit IndustrialGateway Card (installed)Eaton Gigabit IndustrialGateway X2 Card (front)。
人机交互式机器翻译中的自动评估指标人机交互式机器翻译(Interactive Machine Translation)是指通过人与机器之间的实时交互,共同完成机器翻译任务的一种方法。
自动评估指标是人机交互式机器翻译系统中用来度量机器翻译质量的一种工具。
本文将对自动评估指标在人机交互式机器翻译中的应用进行详细探讨。
一、引言机器翻译(Machine Translation,MT)是一项重要的自然语言处理任务,目前已经取得了显著的进展。
然而,传统的机器翻译系统往往存在错误和不准确的问题。
为了提高机器翻译的质量,人机交互式机器翻译作为一种新的方法被提出。
在人机交互式机器翻译中,机器只提供翻译结果的候选,而人则根据候选选择最佳的翻译。
自动评估指标作为一种度量机器翻译质量的工具,在人机交互式机器翻译中起到了重要的作用。
二、自动评估指标的定义及分类自动评估指标是通过计算机算法自动度量机器翻译质量的工具。
常见的自动评估指标可以分为两类:基于参考答案的指标和无参考答案的指标。
基于参考答案的指标是通过将机器翻译的结果与参考答案进行比较来评估翻译的质量。
其中最常用的指标是BLEU(Bilingual Evaluation Understudy)。
BLEU以n-gram匹配为基础,计算机器翻译结果与参考答案之间的n-gram重叠率。
BLEU指标越高,机器翻译的质量越好。
另外,还有METEOR(Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit ORdering)指标,它考虑了词形、词序和语义信息,并通过计算翻译结果与参考答案之间的匹配程度来评估翻译质量。
无参考答案的指标是通过计算翻译结果的特定属性来评估翻译的质量,而不需要参考答案。
其中常见的指标有TER(Translation Edit Rate)和PER(Position-independent Edit Rate)。
东北大学硕士学位论文排版打印格式1. 引言依据中华人民共和国《科学技术报告、学位论文和学术论文的编写格式》和东北大学学位论文格式改编,专为我校申请硕士、博士学位人员撰写打印论文时使用。
本格式自发布日起实行。
2. 学位论文主要部分学位论文主要部分由前头部分、主体部分和结尾部分(只限必要时采用)组成。
2.1 前头部分(1)封面(2)扉页——题名页(中、英两种)(4)声明(独创性声明)(3)摘要(中、英两种文字)(5)目录(6)插图和附表清单(只限必要时)(7)缩略字、缩写词、符号、单位表(只限必要时)(8)名词术语注释表(只限必要时)2.2 主体部分(1)绪论(前言、引言、绪言)(2)正文(3)讨论、结论和建议2.3 结尾部分(只限必要时采用)(1)参考文献(2)致谢(3)攻读学位期间发表的论著、获奖情况及发明专利等项。
(4)作者从事科学研究和学习经历的简历(5)可供参考的文献题录(只限必要时采用)(6)索引(只限必要时采用)3. 版式纸张大小:纸的尺寸为标准A4复印纸(210mm×297mm)。
版芯(打印尺寸):160mm×247mm(不包括页眉行、页码行)。
正文字体字号:小4号宋体,全文统一。
每页30~35行,每行35~38字。
装订:双面打印印刷,沿长边装订。
页码:页码用阿拉伯数字连续编页,字号与正文字体相同,页底居中,数字两侧用圆点或一字横线修饰,如·3·或-3-。
页眉:自摘要页起加页眉,眉体可用单线或双线(二等线、文武线),页眉说明5号楷体,左端“东北大学硕士、博士学位论文”,右端“章号章题”。
封面:东北大学研究生(博士或硕士)学位论文标准封面(双A4)。
4. 体例4.1 标题论文正文按章、条、款、项分级,在不同级的章、条、款、项阿拉伯数字编号之间用点“.”(半角实心下圆点)相隔,最末级编号之后不加点。
排版格式见表4.1。
此分级编号法只分至第四级。
再分可用(1)、(2)……;(a)、(b)……等。
1Network visualisation software• GridVis ®-Basic (in the scope of supply)3 digital inputs/outputs•Usable as either inputs or outputs•Switch output•Threshold value output •Logic output•Remote via Modbus / ProfibusT emperature measurement •PT100, PT1000, KTY83, KTY84Interfaces •RS485•Ethernet•SNTP •TFTP•BACnet (optional)Networks• T N, T T , IT networks•3 and 4-phase networks•Up to 4 single-phase networksMeasured data memory •256 MB Flash• H armonics up to 40th harmonic •Rotary field components•Distortion factor T HD-U / T HD-I2 analogue inputs • A nalogue, temperature or residual current input (RCM)Residual current measurement BACnet (optional)HomepageAlarm managementMemory 256 MB Ethernet-Modbus gateway2• M easurement, monitoring and checking of electrical characteristics in energy distribution systems • R ecording of load profiles in energy management systems (e.g. ISO 50001)• Acquisition of the energy consumption for cost centre analysis • M easured value transducer for building management systems or PLC (Modbus)• M onitoring of power quality characteristics, e.g. harmonics up to 40th harmonic • R esidual current monitoring (RCM)Areas of applicationMain featuresUniversal meter• O perating current monitoring for general electrical parameters • H igh transparency through a multi-stage and scalable measurement system in the field of energy measurement • A cquisition of events through continuous measurement with 200 ms high resolutionRCM device• C ontinuous monitoring of residual currents (Residual Current Monitor, RCM)• A larming in case a preset threshold fault current reached • N ear-realtime reactions for triggering countermeasures • P ermanent RCM measurement for systems in permanent operation without the opportunity to switch offEnergy measurement device•Continuous acquisition of the energy data and load profiles • E ssential both in relation to energy efficiency and for the safe design of power distribution systemsHarmonics analyser / event recorder• Analysis of individual harmonics for current and voltage •Prevention of production downtimes•Significantly longer service life for equipment • R apid identification and analysis of power quality fluctuations by means of user-friendly tools (GridVis ®)Fig.: UMG 96RM-E with residual current monitoring via measuring inputs I5 / I6Fig.: Event logger: Voltage dip in the low voltage distribution system3Extensive selection of tariffs• 7 tariffs each for effective energy (consumption, delivery and without backstop)• 7 tariffs each for reactive energy (inductive, capacitive and without backstop)•7 tariffs for apparent energy •L1, L2 and L3, for each phaseHighest possible degree of reliability•Continuous leakage current measurement • H istorical data: Long-term monitoring of the residual current allows changes to be identified in good time, e.g. insulation faults•Time characteristics: Recognition of time relationships •Prevention of neutral conductor carryover • R CM threshold values can be optimized for each individual case: Fixed, dynamic and stepped RCM threshold value • M onitoring of the CGP (central ground point) and the sub-distribution panelsAnalysis of fault current events• E vent list with time stamp and values•Presentation of fault currents with characteristic and duration • R eproduction of phase currents during the fault current surge • P resentation of the phase voltages during the fault current surgeAnalysis of the harmonic fault current components•Frequencies of the fault currents (fault type)•Current peaks of the individual frequency components in A and %•Harmonics analysis up to 40th harmonic •Maximum values with real-time bar displayDigital IOs• E xtensive configuration of IOs for intelligent integration, alarmand control tasksFig.: Continuous leakage current measurementFig.: Analysis of fault current eventsFig.: Analysis of the harmonic fault current components4Dimension diagramsAll dimensions in mmSide viewRear viewEthernet (TCP/IP)- / Homepage- / Ethernet-Modbus gateway functionality•Simple integration into the network •More rapid and reliable data transfer •Modern homepage • W orld-wide access to measured values by means of standard web browsers via the device's inbuilt homepage • Access to measurement data via various channels • R eliable saving of measurement data possible over a very long periods of time in the 256 MByte measurement data memory • C onnection of Modbus slave devices via Ethernet-ModbusgatewayFig.: Ethernet-Modbus gateway functionalityMeasuring device homepage• W ebserver on the measuring device, i.e. device's own homepage •Remote operation of the device display via the homepage •Comprehensive measurement data incl. PQ • O nline data directly available via the homepage, historic data optional via the APP measured value monitor, 51.00.246Fig.: Illustration of the online data via the device's inbuilt homepageCut out: 92+0,8 x 92+0,8 mm5Typical connectionDevice overview and technical dataFig.: Connection example residual currentmeasurement and PE monitoringFig.: Connection example with temperature and residual current measurementS2S1S2S2S1S1Digital-Eingänge/Ausgänge UMG 96RM-E (RCM)L1L2L3Spannungsmessung 3456StrommessungVersorgungs-spannung12RS4851617BAB AV e r b r a u c h e r230V/400V 50HzI 41918N282930313233343536Analog-Eingänge13141524V DC K1K2=E t h e r n e t10/100B a s e -TPCK3K4K5==37R J 450-30 mAS2S1I DIFFI 5I 6PT100S1S2S3Gruppe 1Gruppe 2V 1V 2V 3V N N/-L/+2)1)2)2)3)3)3)3)Digital inputs/outputs Power supply voltage Current measurement Measuring voltage Analog inputs L o d s Group 1Group 2Comment:For detailed technical information please refer to the operation manual and the Modbus address list.•= included - = not included *1 Inclusive UL certification.6Fig.: GridVis ®software, configuration menuComment:For detailed technical information please refer to the operation manual and the Modbus address list.• = included - = not included*2 O ptional additional functions with the packages GridVis ®-Professional, GridVis ®-Service and GridVis ®-Ultimate.7Fig.: RCM configuration, e.g. dynamicthreshold value formation, for load-dependent threshold value adaptationFig.: Summation current transformer for the acquisition of residual currents. Wide range with different configurations and sizes allow use in almost all applicationsMeasurement surge voltage Power consumption Overload for 1 sec.Sampling frequency per channel (50 / 60 Hz)Residual current inputAnalogue inputsMeasurement range, residual current input*Digital outputsSwitching voltage Switching current Response timePulse output (energy pulse)Comment:For detailed technical information please refer to the operation manual and the Modbus address list.•= included - = not included*3 E xample of residual current input 30 mA with 600/1 residual current transformer: 600 x 30 mA = 18,000 mA *4A ccurate device dimensions can be found in the operation manual.8Comment:For detailed technical information please refer to the operation manual and the Modbus address list.• = included - = not included。
Reliability matters.Image quality matters.Performance matters.UPTIME OR DOWNTIME YOUR RESULTS MATTER• F rees you from having to leave the site to send images and/or reports •S end reports wirelessly when they’re needed, where they’re needed• C omplete more inspections in a day • On-site analysis• G et instant feedback from others or next steps approved immediately• R eal-time report previewing— instant gratification • U ser interface is optimized for each mobile device (iOS, iPhone ® and iPad ®)SmartView ® MobileFluke CNX ™ Wireless System• Capture up to five additional measurements with CNX wireless modules • M ultiple tools report to your CNX enabled Fluke infrared camera • Q uicker readings means less time finding problems and more time solving them • Capture measurements from as far as 20-meters away• T he list of Fluke test tools that can connect wirelessly continues to growYOUR WORLD. YOUR TOOLS.CONNECTED.Sending a comprehensive report to a supervisor’s or customer’s mobile phone… Analyzing and reporting from the field without having to go back to the office… Multiple tools that report to you simultaneously… This is the world of SmartView ® Mobile app and CNX ™ Wireless System. Available only from Fluke—where your results matter.FOCUS is the single most important thing to ensure when conducting an INFRARED INSPECTION.Many inspection sites are difficult for certain auto focus systemsPassive auto focus systems often only capture the near-field subject, in this case the chain link fenceFluke LaserSharp ™ Auto Focus clearly captures what you want to inspect. Every. Single. Time. The red dot from the laser confirms what the camera is Without an in-focus image, temperature measurements may not be as accurate (sometimes as much as 20 degrees off) and you could miss a problem.Fluke provides customers with two superior focusing solutions—LaserSharp ™ Auto Focus (see page 5) and IR-OptiFlex ™ Focus System (see page 7) and still gives you the flexibility of using manual if you wish.Ti400 Ti300 Ti200Ti400Ti300Ti200ACCURACY MATTERSOptimized for Industrial, Electrical and Building ApplicationsA new generation of tools with next generation performance.Technology changes. The last thing we want is for you to feel like you’re missing out on critical innovations, so Fluke has engineered all three new infrared cameras to adapt to change. Being future-ready is part of their DNA. You can test and measure with wireless speed and ease, and connect with other wireless devices. If there’s an infrared camera in your future, make sure it’s one with a future.Your confidence level is about to go up a notch. With precision laser technology, you can focus on your target with pinpoint accuracy and know you’re getting the correct image and temperature measurements you need. Troubleshooting has never been easier. This isn’t hit-and-miss technology. This is point-and-shoot-and-get-it-right every single time performance.Fluke introduces the only infrared cameras withLaserSharp ™ Auto Focus for consistently in-focus images.EVERY . SINgLE. TIME.IR-PhotoNotes ™ Annotation SystemGet an exact reference to your problem area by capturing multiple photos per file. Add images of equipment, motor nameplates, workroom doors or any other useful or critical information.Multi-mode video recordingTroubleshoot with the industry’s only infrared camera that offers the proprietary IR-Fusion ® Technology and records focus-free video in visible light and infrared. Monitor processes over time, easily create infrared video reports, and troubleshoot frame-by-frame. Easily download to PCs for video viewing and analysis.Ti125TiR125Ti110TiR110Ti105TiR105Ti100Ti125Ti110Ti105Ti100TiR125TiR110TiR105SIMPLICITY MATTERSBuilding ApplicationsIndustrial/Electrical Fluke innovation makes it easier to do more in less time.EASY TO CHOOSE. EASY TO USE.HARD TO BEAT .When you’re budget-conscious (and who isn’t these days?), the fact that you can get Fluke quality at an affordable price means you can breathe a sigh of relief. At Fluke, ‘affordable’ doesn’t mean sacrificing quality to give you a lower price. It means we’ve found a way to give you the most camera for your money. In this case, a suite of the lightest, most rugged, easiest-to-use professional infrared cameras you can buy.IR-Fusion ® TechnologyEnjoy the industry’s only point-and-shoot IR-Fusion infraredcameras that provide five different user-selectable modes for greater clarity. Our patented technology blends digital and infrared images into a single image to precisely document problem areas. Fluke exclusive AutoBlend ™ Mode generates a partially transparent image to make problem detection and communication fast and easy.R ugged one-hand operationExperience the most rugged and reliable, lightweight professional infrared camera around. One-touch focus, laser pointer, and torch. Point-and-shoot simplicity and the ergonomic design details that matter.Electronic compassMake sure you and others know the location of the problem. Compass readings easily appear in images and reports.IR-OptiFlex ™ Focus SystemDiscover issues significantly faster with Fluke’s revolutionary, ultra-rugged focus system. The IR-OptiFlex ™ Focus System gives you optimum focus by combining focus-free ease-of-use with the flexibility of manual focus on the same camera!For more than 65 years, Fluke isDesigned better. Built tougher.Superior image qualityThere’s a reason Fluke is so passionate about image quality. Clearer, cleaner, crisper images result in better information and more informed solutions. The better the image, the better you look when you show the images to your managers and customers. Our newest models of infrared cameras are the only ones where you can find IR-Fusion ® Technology and LaserSharp ™ Auto Focus. The Ti400, Ti300 and Ti200 also come fully loaded with a 5 MP digital camera, a HDMI video output, and a 640x480 high resolution LCD display.Legendary ruggednessand reliabilityFluke has earned their reputation as a tool of choice for electrical, industrial and building professionals. Whatever the job andwherever you work, when there’s a Fluke infrared camera in your hand, you’re prepared for the worst and ready to do your best. Fluke infrared cameras are designed to withstand a 2 meter drop (6.5 ft) and engineered to resist water and dust (IP54 Rating) so that your camera works without compromise..5 m 1 m 1.5 m 5 ft3.25 ft1.6 ft2 m6.5 fthow qUALITY IS MEASUREDBecause your results matter ™.Ease of useOur customers would rather spend time preventing and solving issues—not figuring out how their infrared camera works. We’ve gained a few other insights after spending thousands of hours in the trenches with them. That time and knowledge has allowed our engineers to develop breakthroughs in design, like buttons you can use when you’re wearing work gloves, and simple-to-use, on-camera functions such as voice annotation, so that you don’t have to stop to take notes with pen and paper. More recent innovations include:•L aserSharp ™ Auto Focus to ensure the best focus every single time •C NX ™ Wireless System to allow your CNX test modules to communicate additional measurements to your camera •I R Fusion ® Technology with Auto Blend ™ Mode to more easily locate, understand and report what the problem could be • C onnectivity to wirelessly transfer images to your PC, Apple ® iPad ® and iPhone ®All of these innovations can help you quickly understand what the current state is, create a report, determine next steps or begin a preventive maintenance program; all while the factory and processes are still up and running.Innovation that works for youFluke engineers know you’re not interested in the bells and whistles other manufacturers like to tout, so they focus solely on features you really need to help you work better, faster, and smarter.The groundbreaking features that you’ve come toknow, like IR-Fusion ® Technology, AutoBlend ™ Mode, voice annotation, IR PhotoNotes ™ Annotation System, and now LaserSharp ® Auto Focus help you get better results faster and easier. Get into the best position possible to get the results that matter to you and your customers with SmartView ® Software and SmartView ® Mobile.Ti400Ti300Ti200Ti125 Product Specifications Optimized for Industrial, Electrical and Buildings InspectionsTemperature measurement range (not calibrated below -10 °C) -20 °C to +1200 °C(-4 °F to +2192 °F) -20 °C to +650 °C (-4 °F to +1202 °F)-20 °C to +350 °C(-4 °F to +662 °F)Detector type 320 x 240 pixels240 X 180 pixels200 X 150 pixelThermal sensitivity (NETD)≤ 0.05 °C at 30 °C target temp (50 mK) ≤ 0.075 °C at 30 °Ctarget temp (75 mK)Field of view24 ° x 17 °Spatial resolution (IFOV) 1.31 mRad 1.75 mRad 2.09 mRadCustomizable logo options Users can brand their infrared images with a Fluke logo,upload their own company logo or no logo.Primary focusing system LaserSharp™ Auto Focus IR-OptiFlex™ Focu Manual focus YesIR-Fusion® Technology YesCNX™ Wireless enabled (Availableas country certification areapproved—notifications made viaSmartView® Software)Voice annotation60 seconds maximum recording time per image; reviewable playback on imagerIR-PhotoNotes™Yes (5 images)Yes (3 images)Wi-Fi® connectivity Yes, to PC and Apple® iPhone® and iPad®Streaming video Via USB to PC and HDMI to HDMI compatible device Streaming USB-to-PCvideo outputMulti-mode video recording*Yes (fully-radiometric .IS3 and standard MPEG-encoded .AVI)Yes (fully-radiometric.IS3 and standard MPEG-encoded .AVI) M8-point cardinal compass* Yes YesRuggedized touchscreen display (capacitive)8.9 cm (3.5 in) diagonal landscape color VGA (640 x 480)LCD with backlightSoftware SmartView® full analysis and r Warranty11Ti110Ti105Ti100TiR125TiR110TiR105Optimized for Industrial and Electrical InspectionsOptimized for Building Inspections -20 °C to +250 °C (-4 °F to +482 °F)-20 °C to +150 °C (-4 °F to +302 °F)160 X 120 pixels≤ 0.10 °C at 30 °C target temp (100 mK)≤ 0.08 °C at 30 °C target temp (80 mK)22.5 °H x 31 ° V 3.39 mRad—™ Focus System Focus-free 1.2 m (4 ft) and beyondIR-OptiFlex ™ Focus SystemFocus-free 1.2 m (4 ft)and beyond—Yes——YesYes—60 seconds maximum recording time per image; reviewable playback on imager ——Yes (3 images)———Streaming USB-to-PCvideo output—Yes (Standard MPEG-encoded .AVI)——Yes (fully-radiometric.IS3 and standardMPEG-encoded .AVI)Yes (StandardMPEG-encoded .AVI)—Yes—YesYes——nd reporting software included with free download of SmartView ® Mobile app2 years, Instrument Care Plans are also available.* Features marked with an asterisk are coming soon in a firmware download from SmartView ® software.1.800.868.7495********************Fluke -Direct .caFor more information call:In the U.S.A. (800) 443-5853 or Fax (425) 446-5116In Europe/M-East/Africa +31 (0) 40 2675 200 or Fax +31 (0) 40 2675 222In Canada (800)-36-FLUKE or Fax (905) 890-6866From other countries +1 (425) 446-5500 or Fax +1 (425) 446-5116Web access: ©2013 Fluke Corporation.Specifications subject to change without notice.All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Printed in U.S.A. 08/2013 2674264M_ENFluke CorporationPO Box 9090, Everett, WA 98206 U.S.A.Fluke Europe B.V.PO Box 1186, 5602 BD Eindhoven, The NetherlandsModification of this document is notpermitted without written permission from Fluke Corporation.Dedicated supportquestions? Call 1-800-760-4523 or contact us via our chat function on our website at /thermography to request your free product demonstration. We’ll be happy to answer your questions, ship a unit for you to test for a week or send out a representative if you need on-site support.Fluke accessoriesEnhance your infrared camera’s performance with Fluke accessories. Choose car chargers,additional smart batteries or smart battery chargers to keep you up and running in the field. For special applications select optional lenses, a visor for outside inspections or a tripod mounting accessory.Fluke also offers specialized instrument CarePlans—ask your Fluke representative or distributor for additional information.Fluke trainingGet additional information and training at the Fluke Training web page. Take advantage of free on-line seminars and for those who seek more advanced training and professional mentoring, contact our Fluke training partner, The Snell Group, the most respected name in infrared education.Fluke authorized training is provided by our partner,1.800.868.7495********************Fluke -Direct .ca。