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蒋军虎考研英语单词详解B字母概要B字母1. bald [b?:ld] a.①秃头的，秃顶的；②明显的，赤裸裸的bold a.①勇敢的，勇猛的；②鲁莽的，厚颜无耻的；③黑体的，粗体的，醒目的b old不老的go bald （变得秃顶）泄顶The bald fact is that s’+v’明显的事实是…2. ban [b?n] n.(颁布)禁令vt.禁止（政府）颁to impose a ban on smoking颁布一条禁烟令(impose [im'p?uz] vt.强加)to ban sb from smoking in public places 禁止在公众场所抽烟forbid sb to do/forbid sb from doing vt.禁止prohibit sb form doing vt.①禁止(fml.法律)；②禁止(广)ban sb form doing vt.禁止（政府）prevent sb from doing vt.阻止preclude sb from doing vt.阻止stop sb from doing 阻止keep sb form doing 阻止3. bankrupt ['b??kr?pt] a.破产的bank rupt→银行破裂了银行=break vt.①破裂；②突然一下子He went bankrupt. 他破产了bankrupt a.破产的bankruptcy ['b??kr?ptsi] n. 破产to file for bankruptcy 申请破产=apply for 申请(file n.文档vt.递交文档)erupt=break out vi.爆发corrupt vt.使腐败corrupted officials 腐败的官员disrupt vt.使分裂，扰乱to disrupt a country 分裂一个国家interrupt vt.打断to interrupt sb’s talks 打断某人的谈话inter:①插入；②相互bankrupt a.破产的4. bare ['bε?] a.赤裸的，裸露的ba re贝儿bare fisted 赤手空拳的(fist [fist]n.拳头)bare footed 光着脚丫的a bare mountain top 一个光秃秃的山顶bare a.赤裸的，裸露的naked ['neikid] a.赤裸的，裸露的nude [nju:d] a.赤裸的，裸露的bald a.赤裸的，裸露的bare a.赤裸的，裸露的barely ['bε?li] ad.几乎不，勉强He could barely write. 他几乎不会写字。
1、前缀+词根(前缀改变单词的逻辑方向)fore-前、向前、提前（8词）fore-head→前面的头→前额n.fore-arm→前面的臂→前臂/小臂n.fore-leg→前腿→小腿n.fore-finger→前指（除大拇指外其余四指排名在前指头）→食指（middle-finger中指、ring-finger →带戒子的手指→无名指、little-finger→小指、thumb-finger→大拇指）n.fore-father→以前的父亲→前辈→祖先n.fore-bear（born）→以前出生→前辈→祖先n.fore-cast（播撒）→提前播撒→预报n.（broad-cast→广播，cast→丢、扔）、weather forecast 天气预报fore-see→提前看见→预见vt.fore-tell→提前说出→预言vt.所有词汇中是动词最重要，首先要关注动词ex-外、出来im-/in-里、否定（非、不、相反）pro-/pre-前(未来的时间)com-/con-/cor-/col-/co-一起/共同re-再次;回/往回/反dis-否de-向下pose→n.姿势v.放/置/摆；引起，产生，提出ex-pose→往外放→使暴露vt.im-pose→把东西往里面放→强加于vt.pro-pose→未来的事情提前摆出来→建议vt.com-pose→放置到一起→组成vt.re-pose→把自己往回放→休息vt.dis-pose→否定的放置某物→处理掉vi. eg: dispose of rubbish 把垃圾处理掉de-pose→向下摆放→贬值/废除2、词根+后缀（后缀改变词的词性）-er/-or/-ar n. 人/物school-ar→学校的人→学者n.第二节49分钟cook-er→厨具、厨师n.type-writ-er→打字机typ-ist→打字员sky-scrap-er→摩天大厦fold-er→折叠椅3、前缀+词根+后缀con-centr-ate→一起跑到中心来→集中vt.（-ate表动词）pre-sid-ent→前边的人→主席、校长、总裁、总统（-ent名词词性通常表人）preside 主持、主导v.preside over sth.re-sid-ent→回到这边的人→居民reside vi. 居住reside in 居住在,,4、elsere-in-force→再次注入力量→增援、加固vt. to reinforce the army 增援军队二、近形词、形近词Lamp n.灯Limp v.瘸子Limb n.肢体Lame adj.瘸的Lamb→来吧→小羊羔Lime n.来摸一下很汤→石灰Lamb小羊羔Lame缺了Lamp我把它放在灯光底下，看了看它的Limb肢体，然后给它打上些Lime石灰它就是Limb瘸着腿走路了-tainattain v.到达obtain vt.获得pertain vi.属于entertain vt. 娱乐retain vt.保持contain vt.容纳maintain vt.保养sustain vt.维持detain vt.耽搁，延误abstain vi.戒除stainless adj.无污点的二节完三、近义词（写作、口语→output）peep vi.偷窥+atstare vi.盯着看，瞪眼+atglare vi.怒视+atgape vi.傻傻的看+atpeer vi.凝视+atlook at vi强调看的动作see vt. 强调看的结果read a book 看书（看具体的内容）glance vi.一瞥cast a glance at快速的看向,,（cast 投、扔at指方向、动作）glimpse vi.瞥见，瞥到catch the glimpse of（of强调结果）四、一词多义联想记忆法spring n.春天，泉水，弹簧；v.弹跳（春天来了，泉水像弹簧一样弹跳起来了）board n.木板，a white board 白板，a bare board 光板牌，a notice board 布告牌，a sign board 标识牌盘，a chess board 棋盘桌（板）子，above the board 在赌桌上，光明正大；sweep up the board 扫光赌桌→打胜；lodging and board餐桌; the board of election 选举桌→选举委员会；theboard of electricity 电力局甲板→交通工具，get on board the plane/bus/train 登上飞机/公交车/火车五、拆文解字法handicap→hand+i+cap 手爱戴帽子→残疾n.；使残疾vt. ；handicap adj. 残疾的alienation n. a+lie+nation 一个撒谎的民族→疏远；innocent adj. in+no+cent 包里没有一分钱→清白的cargo n. car+go 车走了→货物（运输途中的货物）与goods区别六、谐音sting vt. s+ting→使劲叮→叮mugn. mu+g麻哥→臭虫、强盗vt.打劫torpedo n. tor+pe+do 鱼雷pest n.拍死它→害虫pat v.拍它→轻拍gangster n.干死他→匪徒spouse n.死抱死→死也要抱着死→配偶taboo n. 特不→特别不能做的→禁忌mumble vi. 妈抱→小孩叫妈妈抱→不清楚的说turbulent adj. 特别乱的→狂乱的，紊乱的pyjamas n.披件麻丝→睡衣第三节47分钟七、不择手段记忆法grace n. g+race 赛跑中的哥哥→优雅groom n. g+room 房间里的哥哥→新郎官gloom n. g+loom 织布机旁的哥哥→忧郁grope n. g+rope 哥哥拿一把绳子→摸索frugal adj. 腐乳够→吃点腐乳就够了→节俭的八、语竟组词字→词→句→文pitA fall in the pit（坑）, a gain in your wit(智力).坑里跌一下，智力就增长一下→吃一堑，长一智。
第一章总论..................................................................................................................................... - 3 -一、基本词类10类.................................................................................................................... - 3 -二、句子成分8种...................................................................................................................... - 3 -三、句子基本类型 ....................................................................................................................... - 3 -四、改错练习............................................................................................................................... - 3 -五、句子结构分析练习 ............................................................................................................... - 4 -第二章词的讲解............................................................................................................................. - 4 -一、名词....................................................................................................................................... - 4 -二、代词....................................................................................................................................... - 4 -三、动词....................................................................................................................................... - 5 -1、动词-主谓一致.................................................................................................................... - 5 -2、时态-填空............................................................................................................................ - 7 -3、时态-选择............................................................................................................................ - 8 -4、时态-改错............................................................................................................................ - 9 -5、动词语态........................................................................................................................... - 10 -6、特殊动词与动词搭配 ....................................................................................................... - 10 -7、虚拟语气........................................................................................................................... - 10 -四、连词（见三大从句） ......................................................................................................... - 11 -第三章三大从句........................................................................................................................... - 11 -一、形容词性质的定语从句： ................................................................................................. - 11 -1、三类关系词简介 ............................................................................................................... - 12 -关系代词：..................................................................................................................... - 12 -关系副词......................................................................................................................... - 12 -关系限定词..................................................................................................................... - 12 -2、关系代词........................................................................................................................... - 12 -3、关系副词........................................................................................................................... - 13 -4、关系限定词....................................................................................................................... - 13 -5、四个关系词选择 ............................................................................................................... - 14 -1)11个关系词的选择................................................................................................ - 14 -2)关系代词which 与whom 之前介词的选择 ....................................................... - 14 -3)定语从句中关系代词与介词的位置 ..................................................................... - 15 -4)只用关系代词that不用which的情况................................................................. - 15 -6、四类特殊定语从句 ........................................................................................................... - 16 -1)分裂定语从句......................................................................................................... - 16 -2)并列/复合(嵌入)/递进定语从句............................................................................ - 16 -3)but引导的否定性定语从句................................................................................... - 17 -4)非限制性定语从句 ................................................................................................. - 17 -7、句子写作........................................................................................................................... - 19 -8、自我练习........................................................................................................................... - 19 -二、名词性从句......................................................................................................................... - 20 -三类连词的基本用法 ............................................................................................................. - 20 -1、That类从句....................................................................................................................... - 20 -2、Whether/if类.................................................................................................................... - 20 -3、Wh-类 ................................................................................................................................ - 21 -4、What与How连接名词性从句（感叹句）的注意事项................................................ - 21 -5、★★What/whatever/whoever的特殊用法 .................................................................... - 21 -6、名饰分裂的第2种情形—名词与同位语从句的分离.................................................... - 22 -7、名词性同位从句与形容词性定语从句的区别 ............................................................... - 22 -8、名词性从句练习 ............................................................................................................... - 22 -9、自我练习........................................................................................................................... - 23 -三、副词性质的状语从句 ......................................................................................................... - 24 -选择......................................................................................................................................... - 24 -自我练习................................................................................................................................. - 25 -第四章几大结构........................................................................................................................... - 27 -一、非谓语结构......................................................................................................................... - 27 -不定式短语(to do) .................................................................................................................. - 27 -动名词(v. ing) .......................................................................................................................... - 27 -分词......................................................................................................................................... - 28 -二、独立主格结构（注意独构的6种形式） ......................................................................... - 29 -三、倒装结构............................................................................................................................. - 30 -四、强调结构：......................................................................................................................... - 31 -第一章总论一、基本词类10类名词与代词、动词、形容词与副词、介词与连词、冠词、数词与感叹词）二、句子成分8种三、句子基本类型四、改错练习五、句子结构分析练习第二章词的讲解一、名词二、代词三、动词1、动词-主谓一致2、时态-填空3、时态-选择4、时态-改错5、动词语态6、特殊动词与动词搭配7、虚拟语气四、连词（见三大从句）第三章三大从句一、形容词性质的定语从句：性质=形容词；形式=句子。
B字母1. bald [bɔ:ld] a.①秃头的，秃顶的；②明显的，赤裸裸的bold a.①勇敢的，勇猛的；②鲁莽的，厚颜无耻的；③黑体的，粗体的，醒目的b old不老的go bald （变得秃顶）泄顶The bald fact is that s’+v’明显的事实是…2. ban [bæn] n.(颁布)禁令vt.禁止（政府）颁to impose a ban on smoking颁布一条禁烟令(impose [im'pəuz] vt.强加)to ban sb from smoking in public places 禁止在公众场所抽烟forbid sb to do/forbid sb from doing vt.禁止prohibit sb form doing vt.①禁止(fml.法律)；②禁止(广)ban sb form doing vt.禁止（政府）prevent sb from doing vt.阻止preclude sb from doing vt.阻止stop sb from doing 阻止keep sb form doing 阻止3. bankrupt ['bæŋkrʌpt] a.破产的bank rupt→银行破裂了银行=break vt.①破裂；②突然一下子He went bankrupt. 他破产了bankrupt a.破产的bankruptcy ['bæŋkrəptsi] n. 破产to file for bankruptcy 申请破产=apply for 申请(file n.文档vt.递交文档)erupt=break out vi.爆发corrupt vt.使腐败corrupted officials 腐败的官员disrupt vt.使分裂，扰乱to disrupt a country 分裂一个国家interrupt vt.打断to interrupt sb’s talks 打断某人的谈话inter:①插入；②相互bankrupt a.破产的4. bare ['bεə] a.赤裸的，裸露的ba re贝儿bare fisted 赤手空拳的(fist [fist]n.拳头)bare footed 光着脚丫的a bare mountain top 一个光秃秃的山顶bare a.赤裸的，裸露的naked ['neikid] a.赤裸的，裸露的nude [nju:d] a.赤裸的，裸露的bald a.赤裸的，裸露的bare a.赤裸的，裸露的barely ['bεəli] ad.几乎不，勉强He could barely write. 他几乎不会写字。
简介：本文档配套视频：老蒋英语二词汇课（链接: https:///s/1Xu75ib3RTkmCgd_oOvucLw 密码: v1cw）这篇文档的内容和上面链接里视频课的PPT 完全一致，此外还包括老蒋上课的扩展板书和讲的比较重要的没有写到PPT 上的话，这里全都记录下来了。
所以避免了打断思路去记笔记，或者有的同学第二遍再记笔记，同样可以省去很多记笔记的时间（别跟我扯自己记的笔记效果更好~~）老蒋的课程口碑一直很棒！虽然年代有些久远了，但正因为录视频课的时候是2014 年，那会儿英语二才出来4 年，所以这门课的针对性并不强，也就是说并不仅仅针对英语二，英语一也同样适用！我找了很久，这门课的词汇是最全的。
这门课的结构类似恋练有词，由一个母词牵引出许多相关的词，然后组成一个词群，非常有助于辨析和记忆。
但风格和朱伟老师大大不同，蒋老师的课废话比较少，声音也比较好听，另外配有本文档的详细笔记，所以今年就用了！ｐｓ：为了帮助记忆，我还制作了笔记的同步音频，就是两个机器人按照这个文本念的，就像四六级考听力那样，还记得不，一男声一女声。
我用的科大讯飞的语音库，所以音色挺接近真人的，我感觉能听就行，所以就不要那么挑剔了，有时间的话自己也可以制作，但是听花时间的。
欢迎伸手党截图Ｑ我：７５６９４３９１７。
私聊格式：一张截图。
登陆百度文库，进入“个人中心”，在“我的文档”里面点击“我的下载”，找到这篇文档，然后截图给我，截图要看到名称和上传用户。
A深度→音、形、义、用广度→近形、近义Abandona-ban-don 一个笨蛋→vt.抛弃、放弃to abandon one’s hope 放弃希望to abandon ship 弃船abandon oneself to sth. 放任自己做某事abandon oneself to computer games 沉迷网络游戏give up vt放弃.quit vt.放弃desert vt.（不顾一切、不负责任）放弃（沙漠废除不要），抛弃to desert one’s post 放弃职位→擅离职守to desert the army 放弃军队→逃兵to desert one’s wife 抛弃妻子离开deserted campus 空荡荡的校园n.沙漠discard vt. （把自己认为没用的东西）摒弃、废弃to discard one’s old furniture 废弃自己的旧家具abandon vt.放弃give up vt.放弃quit vt.放弃desert vt.放弃，抛弃discard vt.摒弃，废弃abide （+by）vi.一个命令→忍受vt.遵守；bid n.命令to abide by the law 遵守法律to abide by discipline遵守纪律I can’t abide those with no sense（感觉）of humor（幽默）. 我不能忍受那些没有幽默感的人。
A(09-1-下)abandon vt.抛弃abandon ship弃船abandon one’s hopeabide vi. abide by 遵守bid 命令,要求; abide by the law= conform to the law abnormal adj.不正常; normal; ab-离开,偏离away from; abnormal-minded 变态的aboard adv./prep 在船上,在火车,飞机上board 甲板; a-处于…状态;表语形容词alive/alone/asleep/alike/ashore/awakeabolish vt.使流产,取消,废除=cancel; a-表示否定: apolitical 非政治的;atonal 跑调的abortion n.流产bor-→bornabound vi.富产; abundant 大量的; boundary 边界; bound 范围abound in 富于…无限的,大量的abroad adv. 到国外ab-离开; study abroad 留学; go abroad 出国absolute adj.绝对的; solution n.解决; solve vt.解决; soluble adj.可溶的absent adj.缺席的; be absent from the class/the meeting; send 派遣present 出席; be present at the meeting ;absorb vt.吸收absorb water/chemicals; absorb oneself in sth 沉浸于be absorbed in sth/doing 沉浸于某事abstract vt.提炼abs- = ab-; n.摘要; adj.抽象的abstract some mineral out of the ore从矿石中提炼矿物tractor 拖拉机-tract 拖,拉; extract vt.拔出extract a tooth 拔牙distract vt.转移; contract vi.挤压,压缩,收缩; protract vt.延长absurd adj.荒谬的,荒唐的,荒诞的abundant adj.大量的abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用,虐待; abuse one’s power/authorityabuse one’s wife 虐待; abuse captives 虐待俘虏; drug abuse 吸毒child abuse 虐待儿童academic adj.专业的,学术的; academic custume 学位服academy 专业院校(方向); a military academy 军事院校college 专科院校;学院(英)=school; institute 研究院school 大学下属学院(美); law/bussiness school法/商学院;university 综合大学universe 宇宙;academic degree 学位; academic term 专业术语academic freedom 学术自由; academic discussion 学术探讨accelerate v.加速=speed up; slow down减速; to accelerate one’s car 提速access n.进入,途径[u]; -cess,-ceed= go,move;vt. 1.接通(电脑等); 取数; 存取; 2.得到, 了解; 3.接近, 进入, 使用have access to doing有做sth的途径,方法可以得到,可以获得Student should have access to excellent books.学生应该读到优秀的书籍.exceed vt.超出..范围go out of/beyond; exceed the speed limit 超速exceed one’s expectations超出预期excess n.过多,过度an excess of…; an excess of praise/criticismexcessive adj.过多的,极端的,额外;proceed vi.继续proceed to sth; proceed to one’s master degreeprocess n.进程,过程; in process of 在做sth过程当中precede v.在…前面,领先于; in the preceding paragraph 在前面一段precedent n.前例,先例; concede v.让步,妥协; concession n.妥协succeed 成功succeed in; 继承succeed to; succeed/fail in 成功/失败success n.成功; succession n.继承,系列a succession ofsuccessive adj.系列的,连续不断的; successful adj.成功的recede vi.退回,衰退; recession 衰退economic recession acclaim n./v.欢呼; claim 声称; proclaim 宣布= declare; proclaim peace/ war reclaim vt.要求归还,要求收回; reclaim sth backaccommodate 1.容纳=contain(物); 2.给sb提供居所(人);3.使适应adapt/ condition/ adjust/ accommodate/ condition oneself/sth to调节自己以适应; be apt to do 易于;往往commode n.无斗橱,衣柜;commodity n.商品;commodious adj.宽敞的accompany vt.陪伴accompany sb to sp; company 1公司2伙伴;Two is company;three is none. 两人成伴,三人不欢accord vt.授予n.一致; cord n.细绳,细线;accord/award/grant/give sb sth 授予某人某物in accord with sb和…保持一致; in accordance with = according to 根据with one accord adv.一致; of one’s own accord 自愿的,自发的accomplish vt.完成,达到,实现; complete;accomplish one’s purpose; sense of accomplishment 成就account n.帐目accountant 会计师; count v.数1.take…into account 考虑到= consider;2.account for a.占(比例)b.解释;There is no accounting for tastes. 爱好是不需要解释的3.on this/that account 因为…原因; on no account 决不accumulate vt.(逐渐)积累; -cumul 累积,积累; cumulative 累积的,积累的accumulate riches/a fortuneaccuse vt.指责,指控; curse 咒骂,诅咒;accuse sb of sth= charge sb with sth 指控某人某事; charge for 收费;sue sb for sth 起诉…; prosecute sb for sth 起诉(超纲)accustomed adj.习惯了的; custom 风俗,习俗; used to do 过去常常do sthbe accustomed to doing= be used to doing习惯于do;achieve vt.取得; ache 疼痛; achieve one’s purpose; achievement 成就headache, backache, toothache; No ache, no achievement.accomplish 完成,实现complete; accomplish one’s purposeaccomplishment 成就attain a.vt.实现,完成,取得; b. vi.达到,到达attain (to)(答案)attain one’s purpose attainment 造诣;attain (to) the mountain top 到达山顶;attain (to) manhood 进入成年期; attain (to) perfection 臻于完美acknowledge vt.承认; knowledge 知识; acknowledge doing;admit doing/to doing (被迫)承认;confess doing/to doing (罪行的)承认,忏悔acquaint vt.结识,使熟悉,使了解;acquaint oneself with sb/sth= be acquainted with sb/sth= be familiar with sb/sth 了解...acquaintance n.[u]熟悉,了解[c]熟人;have a bowing/nodding acquaintance with sb 和sb点头之交make an/the acquaintance of sb; make a friend of sb;make a fool of sb 愚弄sb; make a habit of doing 养成一个习惯acquire vt.(通过努力)获得-quire 追求acquire a degree/language(褒义)inquire 询问,调查; require 需要,要求; get (最泛的)得到obtain (通过某种具体的方式)得到obtain a wallet/lessonsecure adj.安全的vt.确保得到; secure a ticketactual adj.实际的; the actual head of the firm; actually adv.实际上= in fact;act vi.行动,表演; action n.行动,行为; active adj.积极的,主动的activity n.行为,活跃; actor/actress n.演员,女演员react v.反应react to reaction n.反应;counteract vt.反作用于,抵消; counteract poison 解毒counteraction n.counter n.柜台counter-相反的,对应的counterpart n.对应的角色; countersign n.口令,暗号counterfeit n.假钞,赝品-feit 钱; adj.假冒的,伪造的vt.假冒,伪造forfeit 罚金; counter-clockwise 逆时针的;transact v.交易; transaction n.交易acute adj.1急性的2敏锐的3强烈的; 1.an acute disease 反义词:chronic;2.an acute sense of smell;3.acute painadapt vt.使适应= adjust/accommodate/condition使适应apt 1.(人)聪明的,敏捷的= clever; 2.be apt to do有做sth的趋势adapt oneself to (只能接人,侧重结果)adopt sth 采纳,接受adopt sb’s advice;adopt sb 领养adopt an orphan; an adopted son 养子adoptive parents 养父母; opt/option/optional 选择additional adj.增加的,额外的= extraaddress v.发表演讲,做演讲; vt.称呼address sb as; n.地址(不重要); dress 衣服address to sb at a meeting 在会上发言adequate adj.1令人满意的satisfying; 2.足够的(质量)an adequate husband 令人满意的老公; an adequate salary 足够的薪水equal adj.平等的,等同的; sufficient adj.足够的enough(数量)insufficient= deficient 不足的;proficient n.adj.擅长(的),精通(的); be proficient/skilled/expert at/inample adj.大量的,丰富的; abundant adj.大量的,丰富的adhere vi.粘附,坚持adhere to 坚持; adhere to the original plan坚持原计划stick to=adhere to ; cling to a.指人-(固执)坚持b.粘在…上insist on 坚持(主张); persist in doing sth 坚持继续dopersevere in doing (坚韧不拔的)继续做; severe 严酷的adjust vt.调整,调节(可接人,可接物,侧重过程) ; adjust a microscope/telescope adjust oneself to 调整自己以适应…; adjust sth tojust adj.正直的,公正的,合理的; a just judge;a just sentence 公正的判决; a just claim 合理的要求;justice n.公正,正义,合理administer vt.管理; minister n.部长,大臣; administration n.管理MBA=Master of Business Administrationadmire vt.钦佩,羡慕; envy vt.忌妒envy sb’s good luck; appreciate 欣赏admit v.1承认admit doing/to doing (被迫)承认; 2.允许进入-mit=go;admission n.允许an admission test 入学考试=entrance testacknowledge doing; confess doing/to doing (罪行的)承认,忏悔permit sb to do 允许transmit a disease 传播疾病; transmit televised signals 传送电视信号submit to sb= surrender to= give way to= give in to 屈服于sb;omit 1遗漏,忽略2省略(故意的);emit vt.发射= send out; emit light 发光adolescent n.青少年; scent 香水,香味adopt vt.采纳,收养-opt 选择; adopt sb’s advice 采纳意见adopt an orphan 收养孤儿; adopted son 养子; adoptive parents 养父母advance v.前进; vt. 提出= put/ bring forward; n.前进;进步van- 前锋,先驱;make progress/advance; advance to; advanced adj.先进的,高级的advantage n.优势disadvantage 劣势adventure n.冒险(运动); venture n.(事业)冒险; a joint venture 合资企业advertise v.做广告; advertisement n.广告advisable adj.明智的= sensible; advise v.建议; advice n.建议advisor n.顾问; advisory adj.顾问的advocate vt.倡导,提倡advocate sth; vocal adj.嗓音的,发音的affect v.1感动affect/move sb; be affected by a story; 2.影响(贬义)Smoking is apt to affect one’s health. 吸烟往往影响人的健康.effect n.have an effect on sb/sth;influence n. (中性) have an influence on sbaffection n.爱= love; win sb’s affections赢得sb的爱;affectionate adj.慈祥的,恩爱的; affectionate eyes/parents/couples affiliate vt.附在n.分支机构,子公司,分公司; affiliate A to B= attach A to B固定在a middle school affiliated to Renmin University人大附属中学affluent adj.富有的,富裕的; fluent adj.流利的; flu 流感live in affluent circumstancesafford v.承担的起,负担的起agency n.代理机构XinHua agency; a news agency;agent n.代理人 a housing agentagenda n.议事日程; on the agenda根据议事日程aggravate vt加剧,加重,恶化; aggravate an illness 加重病情grave n.坟墓adj.严重的,重大的; grave news 重大新闻aggression n.1.进取心,上进心2.挑衅,侵略-gress 滚动,走aggressive adj.1.有进取心的; 2.挑衅的,侵略的congress 会议,国会; progress 进步; regress 退步agony n.剧痛pain/suffering; in agony;aid v.帮助; n.帮助; come to sb’s aid/rescue 来帮助/拯救sbalarm n.警报;vt.使恐慌sound/give an alarm; an alarm clockA Fare Well to Arms 永别了武器alert vt.使警觉alienation n.疏远; alien n.外星人,外国人; adj.陌生的; alienate vt.使疏远alike adj.(表语)adv.相同,相似; treak sb alike 同样的对待sblike vt.喜欢prep.像...一样adj.相似的; Like father,like son.likely adj.有可能be likely to do; adv. Most likely, S+Vallege vt.宣称,认为; assume 认为(观点的提出); allege 认为(断言,宣称)assert 认为(没有证据的断言); claim 认为(声称)argue 1.主张,认为;2.(口)争执,争论; 3. 支持/反对argue for/againstappreciate 理解,欣赏,增长;感激(口)imagine 想象,翻译成认为; consider 考虑,翻译成认为我认为用: believe; hold that...; be of the opinion that...allocate vt.分配,分发; be located in= be situated in 坐落于allowance n.零花钱,津贴,补贴; allow 允许; dress allowance;a housing allowance 住房津贴; entertainment allowance 招待费ally v.结为联盟n.同盟国,支持者; rely vi.依赖,依靠rely onalter v.改变(部分,程度) alter one’s trousersalternate v.轮流使用; adj.轮流的alternate kindness with severity恩威并施alternative n.替代物,选择余地,选择方法have no alternative but to do别无选择dovary vt.使多样化vi.浮动vary one’s diet 使自己的饮食多样化vary from A to B; vary between A and B; variety n.多样化,多样性range v.浮动,变动n.范围,领域range from A to B ; range between A and Bmodify 改进modify the law修订法律convert (两种事物之间的)转变convert some dollars into RMB;convert defeat into victory 转败为胜; convert criminals 改造罪犯altitude n.海拔高度attitude 态度; longitude 经度; latitude 纬度amateur adj.业余的an amateur player; professional adj.专业的amaze vt.使惊异be/feel amazed; astonish vt.使惊愕be/feel astonished ambitious adj.雄心壮志的,野心勃勃的; ambition n.抱负,雄心;野心a soaring ambition 凌云壮志; a modest ambition 一个中庸的志向amendment n.修订,修正案; mend 修理; amend v.修订; repair 修理bill议案→act法案→amendment修正案; a pair of; impair 损害ample adj.大量的,丰富的abundantamplify v.扩大amuse vt.娱乐,使愉快; amusement n.娱乐;Muse 缪斯(掌管音乐,诗歌的神); music 音乐analysis n.分析analyze vt.分析ancestor n.祖先forebear =forefather= ancestor=predecessor 祖先,前辈offspring=descendant=posterity后代,子孙; post doctorate 博士后学位ancient adj.古代的antique 古董anguish n.痛苦,苦恼agony, suffering; vt.使极苦闷vi.感到痛苦; angry n.生气anniversary n.周年纪念annoy vt.激怒,使苦恼irritate provokeannuity n.年金,养老金annual adj.每年的anticipate v.1提前做好准备(考); 2= expect预料,期待(不考)I don’t anticipate/expect too much trouble./A good general should be able to ancitipate the enemy’s actions.anti- 1.反anti-war 反战; 2.= ante-= an- 前面,提前ancient ancestor ; anterior to 比…更早,在…前面=prior tosuperior to 级别的高于,优于; inferior to 低于,劣于posterior to 在…后面,较晚的apparatus n.1一套仪器,一套装置a heating apparatus 一套供暖设备2.器官=organ; digestive apparatus/organ消化器官instrument 1科学仪器2乐器intricate/delicate instruments 复杂/精密utensil 器皿,厨房器具kitchen utensils; equipment 装备(集合n.)appliance 电器household appliances 家电; apparatus 成套的仪器apparent adj.1表面的apparent indifference 表面的冷漠;2明显的apparent difference 明显的不同appear v.1看上去,似乎(=be)2出现; It is apparent to us that...transparent adj.透明的appeal vi.appeal to 1.对…有感染力/吸引力; 2.诉诸,求助于3.呼吁,请求Shakespeare’s works appeal to us a lot. 莎士比亚的作品对我们很有感染力appeal to the law/arms 诉诸法律/武力;appeal to the judge for mercy 请求法官给予怜悯resort to/turn to/appeal to 求助于coch 公鸡peacock 雄孔雀; hen 母鸡peahen 雌孔雀chick peachick 小孔雀appetite n.胃口,欲望pet 宠物; appetizer 饭前开胃菜; dessert 饭后甜点have an appetite for 有…的欲望applause n.鼓掌,掌声; plausible adj.有理由的,合理的; applaud v.鼓掌appliance n.电器apply 应用applicable adj.适用的,可应用的;apply apply for a visa 申请签证; apply to teaching/practice 应用于applicant n.申请者; application n.申请;applicable adj.适用的,可应用的; be applicable toapply oneself to +n. 忙于…; apply one’s energies to +n. 忙于…appoint vt.1任命2约定,约会; appoint sb to a vacancy; appoint a time/a placeappointment n.1任命; 2约会(date 男女约会)have an appointment with sb.disappoint vt.使失望; disappointment n.失望appraisal n.评价,评估; appraise vt.评价,评估;to appraise sb’s achievements/performance 评价sb的成就/表现praise vt.n.赞扬,赞美; estimate 估计assess 评价; asset 资产; possess 拥有possessions 财产to assess sb’s assets/possessions; evaluate 评价value 价值appreciate vt. 1.理解I appreciate your anxiety about your son’s illness.我很理解你的焦虑2.增值preci-=price; precious=valuable 宝贵的; invaluable 无价的depreciate 贬值3.感激appreciate sth; I appreciate your help a lot.(不能接人)4.欣赏,鉴赏to appreciate English poems.approach v.接近approach to sb; Winter is approaching.an approachable teacher 和蔼可亲的老师make approaches to sb 追求sb,设法博得sb的好感appropriate adj.适当的,恰当的(文); on an appropriate occasion 适当的场合; vt.挪用proper adj.适当的,恰当的(口语); property n.财产,所有权approve vi.同意,许可approve of sb’s marriage ; vt.批准,通过agree to/with; consent toapt adj.1聪明的,敏捷的an apt student;2有…趋势的,倾向于…的be apt to do opt vi.opt for E as my majoradopt 采取,接受;领养; adapt 使适应arise vi.出现arose arisen; appear= come up= spring up= turn up= emerge出现A new difficult has arisen at the meeting.rise vi. rose risen 上升; raise vt.升起,使出现arouse vt.激起,引起=cause; arouse sb’s indignation 义愤;arouse sb’s suspicion 怀疑; arouse sb’s concern 关注array n.系列an array of books一套图书; of its own accord 自愿的,自发的.A series of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord;一系列的环境使正义能够自发的产生作用.a set of; a train of; a succession of; a sequence of; an array of; a series of arrest n.v.逮捕arrogant adj.高傲的article n.1.文章2.物品artificial adj.人工的,非自然的,假的; artificial flowers/leather 假花/人造革artificial satellite 人造卫星; natural 自然的; counterfeit 假钞fake adj.假的,伪劣的,仿冒的v.伪造forged 假的 a forged diploma假文凭; sham adj.假的,伪造的fabricated adj.捏造的,编造的 a fabricated story 编造的报导piratical 盗版的pirate n.海盗vt.盗版; simulate vt.模拟,仿造genuine 真正的genuine leather真皮ascend v.上升; ascend the stairs; ascend the throne 登基ancestor祖先; descend 下降descendant 后代ashamed adj.羞愧的be ashamed of; be acustomed to doing 习惯于sham adj.假的,伪造的,仿冒的; shame n.羞耻;shameful adj.可耻的(行为); a shameful cheat on examsshameless adj.无耻的(人)be sure/afraid/certain/ashamed/confident/convinced/envious/contemptuous of主观感受形容词用ofaspect n.方面-spect 看; respect n.方面vt.尊重; expect 期待inspect 检查,视察; prospect 前景,前途; introspect 内省;retrospect 回顾;spectacle 景观; spectacles 眼镜; spectator 观众viewer/audiencespectacular adj.壮观的; perspective 观点assault vi.(猛烈的)攻击; attack vi.进攻,攻击; raid vi.袭击;assault/attack/raid on sbassembly n.(人)集合,集会,大会; sem-=sim-=same;be similar to相似的; simulate模拟;the freedom of assembly集会的自由; the General Assembly联和国大会an assembly line/shop 生产线/车间assemble vt.(人)召集,聚集,集中;(物)组装to assemble the pupils for a game; to assemble a machineassert vt.认为,断言; allege 认为; insert 插入assessment n.评估assess 评估asset n.资产常用复数assets; assess sb’s assets/possessionsassignment n.1.分配,委派2任务,作业; assign vt.分配,分发= allocate;assign/allocate sb to do; assign/allocate sth to sbsign 签名; resign 辞职,放弃; design 设计assist vt.帮助=help; assist sb with sth; assistant n.助手insist 主张,坚持,认为insist on doingconsist of vi.组成(无被动形式);The class(个体) consists of 100 students(整体).(整体)+be made up/composed/constituted/comprised of +(个体)persist 坚持(继续) persist in doing;resist vt.抵制,反对resist the temptationassociate v.1.交往,来往associate with sb; 2.vt.使联系,使联合associate A with Badj.副的associate professors 副教授association n.1.交往2.联想3.俱乐部,协会; socia-社交society n.社会; social adj.社会的,社交的Ants are social animals.群居动物assume 1.假设2.认为3.承担; assume one’s office 就职; resume sth (回来)继续;assumption n.假设,观点,承担; presume 假设An accused man is generally presumed (to be) innocent until his guilt proved.consume 1.耗尽use up/run out/exhaust; 2.消耗,消费be consumed with envy 妒火中烧; consumer 消费者time-consuming labor-consumingassure vt.保证assure sb of sth; assure sb that s’+v’insure sth against 给sth投保; insurance company保险公司ensure sth/that s’+v’确定,确信guarantee=warrant 保证,担保; warranty of quality质量保证书astonish vt.使惊愕amaze vt.使惊异astronaut n.宇航员,太空人; astro- 星体; astronomer 天文学家; astronomy 天文学astronautics 航天学; aeronautics 航空学astrology 占星术Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronauticsdisaster 灾难catastrophe 灾难attach vt.粘; attach A to B= affiliate A to B; attach a label to one’s luggageattach much importance to…重视; attach oneself to…深深的依恋/眷恋detach 断开,分开attain 1.vt.取得,完成2vt/vi.到达,达到attain (to) perfection臻于完美attain one’s purpose; achieve=accomplish=attain vt.取得,得到attain(到达)→obtain(得到)→pertain(属于)→entertain(娱乐)→retain(保持)→contain(容纳)→maintain(保养)→sustain(维持)→detain(耽搁)→abstain(戒除)attempt v.1.试图attempt to do ; 2.努力endeavor to do=try to do=make efforts to do tempt v. 诱惑; temptation n.诱惑; resist temptationcontempt n.鄙视; be contemptuous of adj.鄙视的contemptible adj.令人鄙视的attend vi.1.关注,应对,处理,应对attend to; attend to an emergency matter处理attend to a sick man 照顾病人; pay attention to 关注vt.2.出席attend a meeting; attend Harvard 上哈佛; attend school 上学tend 1.趋势tend to do往往…; 2.vt.照顾,照料look aftertend the cattle照顾牛群tendency n.趋势; tender adj.(sb)仁慈的,和蔼的;(sth)娇嫩的intend to do;intend doing 打算intention(n.打算,目的); intentional(故意的,有意的);intensive(精深的,深入的);intensive reading 精读; intensive investigation 深入调查extend 延伸extend the railway;extension(range范围,领域)→extensive(广泛的); extensive reading泛读pretend to do 假装; contend v.竞争contend against/with sbexpand(扩展,扩张) →expansionattract vt.吸引vi.有吸引力,引起注意;She was attracted by the novel advertisement.attraction n.吸引; attractive adj.吸引人的,有魅力的extract vt.拔出; n.节选; abstract 提炼,摘要,抽象;distract 分散注意力; contract vi.收缩,挤压; n.合同attribute v.归功于,归属于,归因于attribute sth to sb;attribute one’s success to good lucktribute n.贡品distribute sth to 分发,分配; contribute to vi.1为…做贡献2.有助于Good luck contributes to one’s success; 3.vt.捐助sth; contribute sth tocontribute a sum of money to the refugeesauction n./vt.拍卖audience n.观众(集合); auditor 听众,审计员;an auditor 一个观众; visitor 参观者audible 听的见的; visible 看的见的;aduitory 听觉的visual 视觉的auditorium 报告厅,演讲厅; gymnasium体操馆,健身房=gymstadium 露天体育馆; oceanarium 海洋馆aquarium水族馆authority n.权力,权威; right 权利; author n.作者; authority n.权威[c][u]be an authority on English; be an expert at/inbe under the authority of sb 受sb的管理authorities n.政府,当局; the local authorities地方当局authorize vt.授权authorize sb to do= entitle sb to do= delegate sb to doauthentic adj.正宗的automatic adj.自动的ATM-Automatic Teller Machine; automobile 汽车=auto(美)AT-automatic gear-shift; MT-manual gear-shiftautomate(d) v.使自动化; autobiography 自传autonomy adj.自治的; autonomous region 自治区;nominate vt.提名; synonym 近意词; sympathy 同情auxiliary adj.辅助性的,帮助性的an auxiliary verb 助动词available adj.可使用的,可得到的; be available for;avail vt.使用,有利于; Married But Available(搞笑MBA)avert vt.避免avert from; be averted by doing; avoid doing 避免award vt.授予n.奖品; accord/grant/award/give sb sth 授予,给予capture the first award夺得一等奖; reward vt.n.回报reward sb sth aware adj.意识到的be aware/conscious of/that s’+v’He was aware of being watched.awful adj.可怕的=terrible; awe 敬畏;可怕; awfully adv.非常,极其I’m awfully sorry. 非常对不起awkward adj.1.设计不良的(物) an awkward bridge 2.笨拙的(人) an awkward man3.尴尬的awkward silenceB(08-3-3)bachelor n.学士,单身汉baggage n.行李bald adj.秃头的; bold adj.勇敢的,冒失的ban vt.禁止,特指政府法规的禁止; ban sb from doingprohibit sb from doing 正式的禁止; prevent sb from doing 口语中stop sb from doing ;keep sb from doing; forbid sb to do ; bid 命令Forbidden City 紫禁城bankrupt n.破产者; vt.使破产; adj.破产的,完全丧失-rupt =break;erupt= break out 突然爆发disrupt 分裂break away from; corrupt adj.腐败的vt.使腐败barely adv.几乎不; bare adj.裸露的(用法比较宽泛); naked/nude 裸露的(指人) bare-fisted 赤手空拳的; bare-footed光着脚丫的;bare-headed没戴帽子的; white-haired白发苍苍的grayscarcely/seldom/narely/rarely/hardly 很少,几乎不(半否定词) bargain n.划得来的交易,便宜货; It’s a real bargain…barrier n.障碍; barrier to 通往…的障碍; a barrier to successobstacle to…// obstruction to 障碍base n.基础,基地(具体事物的基础); vi.建立在…基础上a military base 军事基地; You must base your theory base on practice.Your theory must be based on practice.basis n.基础(抽象); on the basis of practicebear vt.忍受,承担; bear a burden 承受负担;endure 长期忍受during 在...期间; put up with 忍受tolerate vt.容忍+ 人的行为做宾语beforehand adv.提前= in advancebehalf n.利益; in behalf of 为了...的利益; on behalf of 代表;because – be the cause ofbeing n.生命,存在= existence; 人(只能指人和动物); a human being 一个人come into being 形成,存在; creature 生物(只能指人和动物) belong vi.属于belong to; belongings 随身携带的物品;earnings/gainings 收入; cleanings 垃圾; savings 积蓄bend v.弯曲endless 无穷的beneficial adj.有益的,有好处的; bene- 好的; benefactor 恩人,慈善家benediction 好的言辞,祝福; pronounce benediction 祝福祈祷mal- 坏的maltreat 虐待; be beneficial to 对…有益/好处benefit n.利益,好处vt.有利于,有益于; vi. benefit from 从…获得好处beside prep.在…旁边besides prep./adv.除…之外(还有); except 除…之外(没有)Except Tom, nobody is present.; Besides Tom, Johns is present. betray vt.背叛,出卖,暴露; bet 打赌; ray 光线betray Jesus to his enemies 出卖给敌人; betray oneself 暴露了自己betray one’s identity 暴露了自己的身份;betray one’s principles 背叛自己的原则bias n.偏见,偏爱have a bias against/towards sb/sth;biased/ prejudiced adj.态度题干扰项bid vt.命令,出价,投标; abide by 服从; bid on a bridge/project 投标…bill n.议案,帐单,钞票(口); billfold 钱包;act 法案; amendment 修正案; pay the telephone billbind vt.捆绑bound bound; bound 弹跳; be bound to do 一定要做sth find-found found 建立wind-wound上发条,蜿蜒; wound 伤grind-ground 磨刀; ground 大地A be bound up with B. A和B密不可分be bound for 定期驶往.for 强调目的性sail for...; set out for…; make for…blame vt.责怪; blame sb for sth 因为sth责怪sbsb be to blame for sth 无被动,用主动!!; scold reproachblank adj.空白的; a white piece of paper 一张白纸a blank piece of paper 一张空白的纸give sb a blank cheque/look 空白支票/茫然的看了sb一眼blast n.一阵(风),爆炸,冲击波; vt.爆炸= explode= blow up= burst; last 持续bleak adj.萧瑟的(天气阴冷的),凄凉的; bleak prospects 黯淡的前景block vt.封锁,阻止,常跟from; lock 锁bloom v.(使)繁荣,(使)开花; room; loom n.织布机v.隐隐出现boom 迅速,繁荣; a booming city 一个发展迅猛的城市groom 新郎bride 新娘blunder n.大错误board n.板aborad 在船/飞机上boast vi.吹嘘; There is nothing to boast of/about…bold adj.勇敢的/鲁莽的n.粗体bond n.契约,约束bonus n.奖金,红利dividend n.分红,红利boom v.迅速,繁荣 a booming city 一个发展迅猛的城市boost vt.推动booth n.摊位a telephone booth电话亭bore vt.使厌烦; boring 令人厌烦的bored 感到厌烦的interesting-interested; surprising-surpisedbother v.烦扰brother 兄弟bound adj.被束缚的n.跳,范围vi.弹跳; rebound 反弹; boundary n.边界brain n.大脑drain 阴沟,下水道; brain drain 人才流失breach n.缺口,违背; vt.打破,突破breed vt.繁殖,抚养breed cattle;an Englishman (born and bred)一个土生土长的英国人raise 饲养(动物),种植(植物),筹集(钱); bring up 抚养bribe n.vt.贿赂rib 肋骨; bride 新娘brief adj.简短的n.摘要,大纲vt.摘要; To be brief ,s+v= In brief , s+v 简言之broad adj.宽阔的; broad-minded 心胸宽广的; narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的abroad adv.到国外; board 板aboard 在船/飞机上brutal adj.畜生的,禽兽的,残忍的; brute n.畜生; cruel adj.残忍的mercy n.怜悯merciless adj.残忍的; salvage adj.野蛮的; n.野人budget n.预算vi.做预算; bud n.蓓蕾vi.发芽,萌芽burden n.担子,负担,责任,义务; vt.使负担,给予麻烦burden a horse with a load bureau 1.办公桌2.处,局; board of directors 董事局,董事会;board of election 选举委员会burst v./n.爆炸explode ;blow up;blastburst with anger 勃然大怒; burst into tears 放声大哭burst into the room 闯入房间by-business n.副业; vocation 职业; avocation 副业;political 政治的apolitical 非政治的by-law n.公司章程by-product n. 副产品C(08-4-3)cabinet n.小木屋;信号房;橱柜;内阁; Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋booklet 小册子; piglet 小猪; islet 小岛cabinet 橱柜-内阁; board 会议桌-领导机构; bureau 写字台-处,局chamber 卧室-议院,议会; the upper/lower chamber 上/下议院cable n.光缆cable TV 有线电视calculate vt.计算,估计; vi.认为; reckon估计suppose 认为campaign n.战役,运动; camp 营地; campus 校园; a political campaign 政治运动an advertising campaign 广告活动; promotion campaign 促销活动cancel vt.取消,删除candidate n.候选人,考生capable adj.有能力的be capable of doing(可指人,指物); = be able to do(指人)handicap 残疾,障碍capacity n.能力,容量; This auditorium has a seating capacity of 500auditorium 演讲厅,报告厅-ium 建筑物;stadium 体育馆,体育场(露天的); gymnasium 健身房oceanarium 海洋馆; aquarium 水族馆captive n.俘虏abuse captive 虐俘capture vt.占据;抓; capture a city 占据一个城市; capture a thief 抓了一个贼capture several captives 抓俘虏; capture sb’s heart 赢得sb的心capture the first prize/award; capture a new marketcareer n.事业care 小心,认真cargo n.(运输途中的)货物; a cargo plane/ship; freight (美语) (运输途中的)货物carve vt.雕刻,切开; vi.雕刻case n.例子;病例;案例;情况; a case in point is that…一个明例是...a case of flu 一个流感的病例; a criminal case 刑事案件in case of +n.…万一,以防; in case that s’+v’You’d better take an umbrella in case of rainIn case of fire ,please dial 119. ; In case that there is a fire,please dial 119.in this case;in that case; in any case 无论如何in no case= under no circumstances= by no means = on no account决不I shall surrender in no case.cash n.现金in cash ; by cheque; May I pay by cheque.casual adj.偶然的,偶尔,邂逅; a casual glance/meeting 不经意的一瞥casualty n.伤亡casualty list 伤亡名单cater vi.迎合cater to/for; cater to low tastes迎合低级趣味cater to universal tastes 迎合大众口味caution adj.谨慎的; be cautions of …对…谨慎cease vt.停止; cease fire 停火; stop to do/doing; cease to do/doing celebrate v.庆祝accelerate 加速cement n.水泥vt.加固; cement the friendship with sbconsolidate vt.加固; solid 固体; reinforce 加固,增援centigrade n.摄氏度Fahrenheit 华氏度ceremony n.典礼,仪式,礼节; stand on ceremony 拘泥于礼节certificate n.证明材料; certify v.证实; certain adj.肯定的a birth certificate 出生证明; health certificate 健康证明challenge n.挑战champion 冠军characteristic n.特征adj.特有的; character 人物,性格; leading characters 领衔主演Mr J’s character is passioncharge vt.收费charge sb 50 pence; 指控charge sb with sth= accuse sb of sth n.收费; additional chargescharity n.救济,慈善(团体) live on charitycharming adj.迷人的a charming lady; harm 伤害; fancinating令人着迷的attractive 吸引人的,有吸引力的chase vt.追逐; purchase 购买; purse (女士)钱包; chase the cattle away check n.支票by check ; in cash ; vt.克制,抑制; check one’s impulse 克制冲动cheque n.支票cherish vt.珍惜,珍爱,怀有; prize n.奖品vt.珍惜; value n.价值vt.珍惜treasure n.财宝vt.珍惜chief adj.首席的CEO=Chief Executive Officerchronic adj.慢性的; acute 急性的,剧烈的; an acute disease ; a chronic disease circular adj.圆形的,环形的; circle n.圆圈; cycle n.v.循环bicycle - bike ; tricycle - trike ; a circular roadcirculate v.流通blood circulation 血液循环circumstance n.环境,情形; under/in these circumstances; under no circumstances 决不civil adj.民事;文明的;国内的; criminal n.罪犯;adj.刑事的;civil case民事案件have a civil/rough tongue 说话文明/粗鲁civil war 内战; civilize vt.使文明; civilization n.文明claim vt. 声称,主张,认为; acclaim 欢呼; proclaim 宣布clarify vt.澄清clear 清楚的clash n.冲突,和…冲突; lash 猛抽,猛砍,猛击have a clash with sb; have a conflict/collision with sbbe in conflict/collision/clash with…和…冲突be in accord/agreement/line with…和…一致contradiction 反驳,矛盾; contrary 相反的contrast 对立的,反差的classical adj. 古典; classic 经典; cllassify 分级,分类; first-class teachers clause n.从句,条款client n.顾客,当事人customer patronclimax n.高潮climb+maxi; maxi-大的; micro-,mini-小的microphone miniscope 显微镜tele- 遥远的telescope telephone televisionmaxieconomics 宏观经济学heliport helicopter airport; motel motor hotelsmog smoke fog; netizen net citizen; sexpert sex expert(专家) cling vi.粘紧,附着,坚持; cling to adhere to stick toclue n.线索; a clue to ; not have a clue 毫无头绪clumsy adj.笨拙的coarse adj.沙哑的; a coarse throat 沙哑的喉咙; coarse foods 粗粮coarse/refined wine 劣酒/佳酿; coarse manners 粗俗的行为code n.编码,代码zip code 邮编coincidence n.凑巧What a coincidence! coincident 巧合的incident (大,小)事件accident 事故; by accident= by chance 偶然的collaborate vi.合作collaborate withcollapse vi.坍塌,崩溃He collapsed at the sad news.; lapse 小错误; blunder 大错a lapse of the tongue/memory/pen 口误/记错/笔误colleague n.同事; league 同盟; workmate 同事; deskmate 同桌classmate ; schoolmate; homemate;fellow teacher ; fellow doctors ; fellow prisoners 狱友collide vi.相互碰撞,冲突; lid 盖子combat n./v. 打斗campaign 战役combine vt.联合combine A to Bcomfort vt使舒服comfortable 舒服的command 命令command sb to do; commander 司令; commander-in-chief 总司令comment n.评论; make a comment/remark about/on; no comment 无可奉告vi.评论comment oncommercial adj.商业的; commerce n.商业commit vt. give ; -mit= go; commitment 承诺,约定,责任commit a crime/an error 犯罪/犯错; commit a suicide(自杀) 自杀commit sth to paper 记下; commit sth to pan 记下,写下commit a child to sb 把孩子委托给sb; commit oneself to sth致力于sthcommit sth to flames 付之一炬,焚烧give;committee委员会; employee 雇员commodity n.商品commerce 商业; commode 橱柜; commodious adj.宽敞的accommodate 容纳communicate vi.交流,通讯; telecommunication= telecom 电信;Unicom 联通unicommunication; the United Statescommunity n.社区,交往的圈子commute vi.定期往返于,通勤; commute between A and Bcompanion n.伙伴[c]; company [u] ; accompany vt.陪伴compare vt.比较; compare A with B 把A和B比较; compare A to B 把A比作B para- parallel 平行; paramount 最高级的,最重要的,一流的paraphrase 替换表达; paragraph段落; graph 图表-graph 写,画compassion n.同情; passion 激情; compassionate adj.同情的sympathy n.同情,同情心; sympathize with vi.同情,同感,共鸣compatible adj.相容的compatible with; pat 轻轻拍打compensate vi.补偿,赔偿; pension 养老金; compensate for= make up for 补偿…competent adj.称职的,有能力的,胜任的; adequate 1称职的,胜任的2.足够的competition n.竞争; compete with 竞争; compete against sb 和sb竞争competitive adj.有竞争力的; competitor n.竞争对手compile vt.1编纂2罗列,编排; pile v.堆;compile a list of dishes/books 罗列一个菜/书单complain vi.抱怨plain adj.明白的n.平原; complain of/about sth 抱怨sthcomplaint 投诉complement vt.补充; n.补足物complete 完成complex adj.复杂的(结构)complicated adj.复杂的(形式);involved be involved in 卷入; an involved sentence一个复杂句sophisticated 尖端的,高级的(sth);世故的人,精明的(sb)freshman 大一新生sophomore 大二。
蒋军虎mba核心词汇记忆十大技巧来源：MBA中国网2010-01-15 09:00 作者：MBAChina 点击量：3171. MBA要求达到5800个左右，要对词汇重视程度有所认识，把最主要的核心词汇搞清楚。
在所有词汇中可以分为三类，即基础词汇（高中以前，2000多个），核心词汇（3000个，包括词组）和边缘词汇（1000多个）。
2. 词汇讲义中，黑体词表示在词汇试题部分要常考的，黑体加斜体就是以往真题中出现过的，并且是以标准答案出现的，这些都是重要的词汇。
3. 记忆词汇的9大方法一、四级词汇总量分析大学英语教学大纲规定四级考试对词汇的要求是记忆4200个单词以及由这些词构成的常用词组。
根据研究分析大学英语四级考试历次真题，我们将四级词汇分为核心词汇(查看核心词汇)和非核心词汇。
核心词汇是历次大学英语四级考试试题中出现频率较高的词和词汇考查重点，以及本身带有词组较多的词和多与其他词类搭配的词，有特殊用法的词，考生可能不太熟悉的词。
非核心词汇包括中学阶段可能已经掌握的词，只有一个意思，且仅表示某一名称的词和专有名词，因为这些词除非在阅读理解中外，一般不会被设计成词汇试题。
大纲要求的常用词组(查看词组和搭配)经过统计，共有 1617 条，这些词组可在相关/网站看看，这些往往是考查的重点，它们要么出现在词汇试题中，要么出现在完形填空中，应该是记忆的重点。
第一种，偏旁部首，词根词缀方法。
英文的构词法，多分为四种，即①prefix+root②root+suffix③prefix+root+suffix④else。
但是，在构词法中，前缀是最重要的，词根次之，后缀最次。
因为前缀往往改变词的含义，后缀只是改变词性。
来看一个短句things today have deteriorated，deteriorated是什么意思呢？这里我们仅知道de-表示否定，向下，不好了，-ed表示形容词，姑且认为短句就表示今天的事情向下了，结果恰恰正如我们猜测的那样，这句话表示今天的事情逐渐恶化了。
Aabandon oneself to sth.沉溺于，投入相当于givegive upquit [kwɪt] （形近字quite[kwaɪt] adv. 相当，很;非常;确实如此）quit one’s job 辞职desert [美]ˈdezərt [美]dessert dɪˈzɜ:rt放弃甜食obey [英][əˈbeɪ][美][oˈbe]conform to 和。
保持一致，遵守the lawcomply with the law 遵守法律abnormal[英][æbˈnɔ:ml][美][æbˈnɔ:rml]adj.反常的，异常的; 不规则的; 变态的，畸形的; 邪门儿;以上结果来自金山词霸abnormal ab-偏离norm标准normal正常的abnormal minded变态aboard[英][əˈbɔ:d][美][əˈbɔ:rd]prep.在（船、飞机、车）上，上（船、飞机、车）; 上车; （不能说是在汽车上的，因为汽车是无法站立的）adv.在船（或飞机、车）上，上船（或飞机、车）; 靠船边; 在船上; 在火车上;aboard a-状态。
的Welcome aboard！欢迎登机！asleep alone alive ashore（shore）在海岸blackboard可以做介词，prep+naboard the ship/plane/train/busabolish vt废除，取消a-否定前缀born abortion 流产apolitical不关心政治的atonal无调的bor-出生abolish capital punishment废除死刑capitaldo away with ===cancelabound vi盛产This river abounds in fish. 一帮的abundant adj 大量的，丰富的一帮蚂蚁This river is abundant in fish。
