高二英语语法 动词的-ed形式PPT课件

-ED分词-ED分词-ED分词（-ED Participle）即传统语法所指的“过去分词”（Past Participle）, 是非限定动词之一。

-ED分词有两种形式：规则动词形式和不规则动词形式。

规则动词形式由规则动词＋-ED 构成；不规则动词有其特殊的-ED分词。

在语法功能上，它在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING 分词相同，可以作表语，定语，状语，也可以用在复合结构中，不管它作什么成分，其最基本的含义是“被动”的。

-ED分词在语法功能和意义上与-ING分词有一定的区别。

一、-ED分词与-ING分词的区别虽然在语法功能上，-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同，但在意义上两者有差别：-ED分词表示被动的意义而-ING分词则表示主动的意义；-ED分词表示已经完成和被动的动作而-ING分词则表示一般性的或正在进行的动作，在表现形式上，-ING分词有“一般式”和“完成式”与“主动式”和“被动式”之分；而-ED分词只有一种形式。

下边我们分析-ING 分词与-ED分词在语法功用上的区别。

1. 作表语时，-ING分词表示主语所具有的特征而-ED分词表示主语所处的状态The book is quite interesting. I am interested in the book very much.The play is more exciting than any I have ever seen.That piece of land lay deserted.2. 作状语时-ING分词表示主语正在进行的另一动作而-ED分词则表示主语发生动作的背景或情况1) Having been served lunch，_________ .［A］the problem was discussed by the members of the committee［B］the committee members discussed the problem［C］it was discussed by the committee members the problem［D］a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee (B) 2) _______for her anthropological(人类学的) research，Margaret Mead also was involved with(涉及) the World Federation for Mental Health.[A] She is noted primarily[B] Noted primarily[C] Primarily is noted[D] She primarily noted (B)3) Considered one of the leading poets in America today，___________ .［A］a number of books and plays have also been written by Sonia Sanchez［B］Sonia Sanchez has also written a number of books and plays［C］a number of Sonia Sanchez's books and plays have been written［D］there have been a number of books and plays written by Sonia Sanchez (B) 3. 作定语时，①-ING分词表示正在进行的动作，而-ED分词表示动作发生在谓语动词之前；②-ING分词表示它所修饰的词经常或当时的状态，而-ED分词则没有时间性；③-ING分词表示主动，而-ED分词表示被动Identify and correct:1）The boiled [A］point of any liquid [ B］is determined［C］by the pressure [D］of the surrounding gases. 将boiled 改成boiling2）High-grade [A］written [B］paper is frequently ［C］obtained ［D］from cotton rags.将written 改成writing3）Scientists [A］still cannot find [B］any convinced［C］link between intelligence ［D］and the quantity or quality of brain cells. 将convinced 改成convincing解析:1）A错。

第十五章动词的-ed分词-ed分词即传统语法中所说的过去分词，它也是一种非谓语动词。

一、-ed分词的句法功能(一)作定语作定语的-ed分词如果是单词，一般放在它所修饰的名词前面，它表示被动和完成，而-ing形式作前置定语则表示主动和进行含义。

比较:boiled water开水 boiling water沸腾的水frozen food 冷冻食品 a freezing wind刺骨寒风developed countries 发达国家 developing countries发展中国家-ed分词短语作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词后面。

如:He started a new programme called "communism".他提出一项称之为"共产主义"的新纲领。

People developed a kind of paper made from the fibres of plants.人们研制出一种用植物纤维制成的纸。

This is one of the houses built last year.这是去年建的一所房子。

(二)做宾语补足语在某些动词如hear，see，make，find，keep等后可用-ed分词作宾补，表示一个被动的已完成的动作。

如:What should you do if you find a person trapped under a car?如果发现有人被压在车下，你该怎么办?I found all the windows broken.我发现所有的窗子都被打破了。

［注意］“have/get sth.+-ed分词作宾补”的不同含义“have/get sth.+-ed分词作宾补”归纳起来有3种不同含义:1.表示让/叫别人(为自己)做某事。

如:He's going to have his hair cut.他要去理发。

She had her house repaired.她(请人)修理了房屋。

和动词的-ed形式一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1．(xx·重庆卷)Group activities will be organized after class ________(help)children develop team spirit.2．(xx·福建卷)For those with family members far away，the personal puter and the phone are important in staying________(connect)．3．(xx·江西卷)He is thought ________(act)foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.4．The engine just won't start.Something seems________(go)wrong with it.5．They might just have a place________(leave)on the writing course －why don't you give it a try?6．There are some health problems that，when________(not treat)in time，can bee bigger ones later on.7．No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when it's better ________ (remain)silent.8．Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________(stay) away.9．Having finished her project，she was invited by the school ________(speak) to the new students.10．(xx·上饶模拟)I wish that the elderly would live in fort without worry or health problems in the years ________(leave)．11．—I don't think it's ________(fix) to the ceiling very securely.—Don't worry.It won't ________(drop)．12．(xx·石家庄模拟)Mary received an invitation to the Christmas party，but with her homework ________(finish)，she refused it unwillingly.13．(xx·吉林模拟)I think it is a great honor ________(invite) to visit your country.14．(xx·兖州模拟)Qin Shi Huang's underground palace is reported ________(find) in China，which attracts nationwide attention.15．(xx·郑州模拟)Shanghai Disneyland Park，________(plete) in xx，will attract tourists from all over China then.答案：1.to help 解析：句意：为了帮助孩子们养成团队精神，将在课后组织一些团体活动。

英语语法详解动词ed形式的构成和用法动词-ed形式的构成：由动词原形+ed构成（也有一些动词为不规则动词），也称为动词的过去分词。

动词-ed形式仍保留着动词的特征，可以跟宾语和状语。

I'd like the problem solved quickly. 我希望这个问题能尽快解决。

（带有自己的状语）Offered more opportunities, he could have done it better. 如果提供给他更多的机会，他可能会做得更好。

（带有自己的宾语）动词-ed形式的否定形式：由not/never+动词-ed形式构成。

Not watered in time, the flowers withered. 没有及时浇水，花朵枯萎了。

动词-ed形式的含义：一般及物动词的-ed形式表示完成的和被动的动作；不及物动词的-ed 形式只表示完成，不表被动。

With all the things bought, he went home happily. 东西都买齐了，他高高兴兴地回家了。

（表被动表完成）Autumn is coming, and the ground is full of fallen leaves. 秋天来了，地上满是落叶。

（表完成）动词-ed形式的用法动词-ed形式具有动词，形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作定语，表语，状语，补语。

1.动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作定语既可以放在所修饰名词的前面，称为前置定语，也可以放在所修饰名词的后面，称为后置定语。

单个的动词-ed形式作定语一般放在所修饰名词的前面（少数单个动词-ed形式作定语放在所修饰名词的后面，如left）；而动词-ed形式的短语作定语一般放在所修饰名词的后面。

The disappointed look on her face suggested she was very sad. 她脸上失望的表情表明她很伤心。

高考英语语法：动词的-ed其他表示用法动词的-ed其他表示用法动词的-ed形式作状语和-ing形式作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

1.表示时间动词的-ed形式作状语表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。

Seen from the tower, the city looks beautiful. 从塔上往下看，城市显得很美丽。

(= When the city is seen from the tower...)Shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. 带我们参观了实验室之后，又带我们参观了图书馆。

(= After we had been shown the lab...) Completely examined by the doctors, he went back to school right away. 经过医生彻底检查以后，他立刻回到了学校。

(= After he was completely examined...)提示：有时动词的-ed形式前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。

When asked why she was late for class again, she hung her head in shame. 当被问到为什么上课又迟到时，她羞愧地低下了头。

Once recovered, he went all out to do his work. 一恢复健康，他就全力以赴地干起了工作。

Once started, the clock will go half a month and keep good time.一旦给这钟上了发条，它就会走半个月，并且走得很准。

2. 表示原因动词的-ed形式作状语表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。

Moved by the heroic deeds, the children couldn’t help crying. 孩子们被英雄事迹感动，情不自禁地哭了起来。

考点18 -ed分词高考频度：★★★★★规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后)，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。

过去分词则属于类动词1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表示主语的状态，不但表示被动，还表示已完成了。

The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。

2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。

He is retired. 他已退休。

3. 有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。

考向一过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。

过去分词作定语分为前置和后置两种情况。

1．前置定语单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。

由及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，表示＂被动和完成＂含义，或只具有＂被动＂含义；由不及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，只表＂完成＂含义。

（1）被动和完成含义：☞We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。

（2）被动含义：☞She is a respected teacher.她是一位受人尊敬的老师。

（3）完成含义：☞They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。

2.后置定语过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。

☞This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (＝that has ever been written).这将是这类小说中写得最好的。

☞Who were the socalled guests invited (＝who had been invited) to your party last night？昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？☞Yesterday I bought a book published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.昨天我买了一本外语教学与研究出版社出版的书。

动词-ed形式一．概述：动词-ed形式在句中起形容词或副词的作用，在句中可作定语、表语、状语和主语补足语、宾语补足语，一般表示完成的或被动的动作。

二．动词-ed形式的用法1. 动词-ed形式作定语作定语的动词-ed形式如果是单个词，一般放在名词的前面；如果是动词-ed形式短语，要放在名词的后面。

Chinese civilization was one of the most developed civilizations in ancient world. The new sports complex has everything needed for many different activities.She had a worried look on her face.The frightened horse ran away from the fire.The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.2. 动词-ed形式作表语The door remains locked.Mary seems worried at the news.Are you married or single?She looked astonished at the news.The mountain was covered with snow all the year round.3. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语We’ll keep you informed of how things are going on with us.We found the student greatly changed.4. 动词-ed形式作状语Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Heated, water changes into steam.Even if invited, I won’t go.Viewed from a distance, the island looked like a cloud.5. 动词-ed形式的否定形式“not+动词-ed形式”Not invited, I won’t go to Sheila’s party.The little girl was left uncared for.三．动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式的区别1. 动词-ing形式表示主动或正在进行的动作；动词-ed形式表示被动或已经完成的动作。