英语长难句解析
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英语六级阅读的真题长难句解析
1. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice.
【译文】尽管大局部单独生活的.人是靠养老金生活的老年人,尤其是老年女性,但是最新消失的这群单身主义者却正值三十岁到四十岁的壮年。
这些人收入丰厚,渐渐把单身看作是一种生活方式的选择。
【析句】复合句。
主句the newest crop of singles are high earners..., who increasingly view living alone as...是定语从句修饰主句,而主句前while引导让步状语从句,具有转折语气。
2. Supporters of the biotech industry have accused an American scientist of misconduct after she testified to the New Zealand government that a genetically modified bacterium could cause serious damage if released.
【译文】一位美国女科学家向新西兰州政府证明,一种基因改造细菌假如泄露到试验室外,可能会导致严峻破坏,随后生物科技产业的支持者对她的这种行为表示了剧烈责备。
1. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parlia mentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.【译文】经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论,澳大利亚北部地区(澳北州政府)成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
【析句】句子的主体结构是Australia's Northern Territory becam e the first legal authority。
句首成分After six months of arguing an d final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates是作状语的介词词组,动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patien ts who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to take th e lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die,修饰the first lega l authority。
【讲词】to take the life of sb和to take sb’s life意思是“结束某人的生命”。
A car bombing took the life of a 61-year-old man.(汽车炸弹夺去了一位61岁老头的生命。
长难句解析高考英语阅读文章中往往会有一些长难句,这些长难句常常是考题所要考查的对象,也是考生理解文章的一大障碍。
针对长难句,要学会利用语法知识中的句法知识来理解,先判断句子的主干部分,而对于句子的修饰、补充成分,可以先忽略不看。
在理解了句子的主干意思后,再来理解修饰、补充成分。
同时,句子中的标点符号也是一个很重要的判断依据,要充分利用标点符合,帮助我们判断句子的主干和修饰成分。
根据长难句的结构,我们可以把长难句分为:环环相扣式、并列式、插入语式和改变语序式。
一、环环相扣式这类句子往往有多重句子修饰成分,这些修饰成分往往用非谓语动词或从句充当。
在阅读过程中,对于这类句式应当先找到句子的主干,然后再看修饰成分。
例1: A mere hundred species (物种) are the basis of our food supply,of which but twenty carry the load.Wilson suggests changing thissituation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of,which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.(2008全国卷一E篇)译文:只有约100种物种为我们提供食物基础,其中只有20种承担着供应人类食物的重担。
Wilson建议通过调查研究一万种可以被利用的物种来改变这种现状,这样做可以减少人类为了增加耕种面积而开垦动植物的自然家园的做法。
解析:第二句是一个含有多层结构的句子。
第一层结构:Wilson suggests changing ...by looking ...。
第2个which引导的非限定性定语从句是第二层结构代替changing e of。
1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。
since引导原因状语从句。
此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰the high-energy American fashion。
在定语从句中,that做主语,makes做谓语,it做形式宾语,不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语(不定式短语内部to combine是主干,few farmers是宾语,with high yields是状语),possible做宾语补足语。
this指代前句中提到的这种困境。
energy pinch 译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。
译文:这种困境将是确定无疑的,因为能源的匮乏,高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去,而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。
2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter,we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison.结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。
高考英语长难句解析知识点高考英语中,长难句是考生们最常遇到的问题之一。
理解和分析长难句不仅能帮助考生在阅读理解中把握句意,还能提高考生在写作和翻译中的表达能力。
本文将从定义、特征、解析方法和练习等方面介绍高考英语中长难句的相关知识点。
一、定义长难句指的是结构复杂,修饰成分繁多,整体长度较长的句子。
它通常由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成,通过连接词或引导词来构建一个完整的句子。
二、特征1. 结构复杂:长难句的结构通常比较复杂,修饰成分较多,包含多个主谓宾短结构或包含多个从句。
2. 信息密集:长难句往往包含大量的信息,需要仔细分析才能理解其中的逻辑关系和修辞手法。
3. 句式多变:长难句可以采用多种句式,如倒装句、强调句、条件状语从句等,考生需对这些句式进行辨析和理解。
三、解析方法在解析长难句时,可以采用以下方法:1. 分割长句:将长难句按照不同的句子成分进行拆分和分割,逐个解释每个部分的含义,再整合起来理解整个句子的意思。
2. 确定主句和从句:通过分析句子结构和关键词,确定主句和从句的关系,从而更好地理解句子的逻辑关系。
3. 分析句子成分:注意分析和理解句子中的修饰成分和定语从句,加强对从句的理解,从而把握整个句子的意思。
4. 理清逻辑关系:注意分析句子中的因果关系、转折关系、并列关系等逻辑关系,从而更好地理解句子的意思。
5. 注意句法成分:分析句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、状语等句法成分的作用和关系,有助于理解句子的语法结构。
四、练习为了提高长难句的理解和分析能力,考生可以进行一些练习:1. 阅读理解:选择一些较难的阅读理解题目,从中提取并分析出长难句,找出其主句和从句之间的关系。
2. 句子改写:将一些简单句子改写成长难句,考察句子结构的灵活运用和对从句的掌握。
3. 句子分析:选择一些经典的长难句进行分析,找出其中的主句、从句和句子成分,并理清逻辑关系。
总结:掌握长难句解析的知识点对于高考英语的考生来说至关重要。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析as well asIt's true, of course, that you should be able to remember what the author said as well as know what he meant. Being informed is prerequisite to being enlightened. The point, however, is not to stop at being informed.【翻译】当然下面的话肯定是对的,那就是你除了应该知道作者的意思,还要能记住他的话。
被告知是受到启迪的前提条件。
然而关键问题是,你不能只停留在被告知上。
【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。
It's true是主句。
其中it是一个形式主义,而真正的主语则是后面的that从句。
that从句中be able 后面跟了两个不定式短语,一个是to remember,一个是to know.remember后面跟了一个宾语从句what the author said,而know 后面也跟了自己的宾语从句what he meant.这两个不定式之间用连词as well as连接起来。
前面讲过as well as的意思。
as well as意思是“除了......,......也”后面的意思是基础的意思,而as well as之前的那一层意思则是更深层次的,是作者想强调的意思。
所以不能把它的意思简单地理解成and.第二句是一个简单句。
结构是主系表状。
第三句也是一个简单句,句中的however,是插入语。
But whether it is a fact about the book or about the world that you have learned, you have gained nothing but information if you have exercised only your memory. You have not been enlightened. Enlightenment is achieved only when in addition to knowing what an author says, you know what he means, and why he says it.【翻译】但无论你所学到的是关于一本书的事实,还是关于世界的事实,如果你只动用了记忆力,那么你除了获得信息,其他什么都没有得到。
初中英语中的长难句解析在学习英语的过程中,我们经常会遇到一些长难句,这些句子结构复杂,用词繁琐,让人感到头疼。
然而,掌握长难句的解析方法,对我们的英语学习和应用至关重要。
本文将从不同角度解析初中英语中的长难句,帮助读者更好地理解和应用这些句子。
一、定语从句定语从句是初中英语中常见的长难句结构。
定语从句通常用来修饰名词,限定名词的意义。
在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词起到连接作用,引导从句。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.在这个句子中,关系代词"that"引导定语从句"that I borrowed from the library",修饰名词"book"。
定语从句起到进一步说明、描述的作用,帮助我们更好地理解名词的意义。
二、状语从句状语从句也是初中英语中常见的长难句结构。
状语从句用来表示时间、原因、条件、目的等等。
在状语从句中,连词起到连接作用,引导从句。
例如:I will go to bed early if I finish my homework.在这个句子中,连词"if"引导状语从句"if I finish my homework",表示条件。
状语从句起到进一步说明、解释的作用,帮助我们更好地理解句子的意义。
三、倒装句倒装句是初中英语中常见的长难句结构。
倒装句的主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒,用来强调某一部分的内容。
例如:Not only did he win the race, but he also broke the record.在这个句子中,主语"he"和谓语动词"did"的位置颠倒,形成了倒装句结构。
倒装句起到强调句子中某一部分的作用,使句子更加生动、有力。
考研英语长难句解析一、考研英语长难句之定语从句一、定语从句定语从句是英语中一种最常见的句型,它可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,即定语从句的关系词在文中修饰哪个词、短语或句子。
在主句中不可缺少的定语从句称限定性定语从句。
对主句起附加说明作用的定语从句称非限定性定语从句。
此外,定语从句和主句之间还存在着状语关系,说明原因、目的、让步、假设等。
例1.The change met the technical requirement of the new age andprevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and thirdgeneration after the energetic founders. (1996年真题)例2. The American economic system is, organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced byspending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that theywant most.例3. If, on theother hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, thiswill tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price andpermit more consumers to buy the product.例4. The government promised to give preferential taxation policiesand loans of low interest rate to thoseenterprises that could improve theirstructure of production and were willing to take in over 50 laid-off workersyearly.例5. The local government introduced the snakes into this areahoping that they would control the number of mice, which finally became the threat needed to be controlled.例6.The environmental protection should be given priority which means the economic developmentwould be lowered to some extent in a developing country.例7.She was confirmed to be infected with bird flu that calls for a quarantine andmedical observation for weeks in the hospital.例8.In Europe, aselsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups whichbring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing housesthat work in relation to one another.(2005年真题)二、考研英语长难句之同位语从句例1. The audience leranedform the internet the news that aserious explosion broke out in Xi’ana few days ago.例2.The rumor that she eloped with her boyfriend justcannot hold water, for I saw herat home just now.例3. However, the conventional view that education should be one of the veryhighest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.(2009年第3篇)三、考研英语长难句之倒装句倒装(inversion)是一种语法手段,用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要。
高考英语长难句解析长难句在高考英语考试中常常出现,对于许多考生来说是一大难题。
本文将对高考英语中的长难句进行解析,帮助考生更好地应对这一部分考题。
一、1. 复杂句复杂句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。
从句可以是名词性从句、形容词性从句或者副词性从句。
复杂句常常以连接词(如that, whether, if, because, although等)引导从句。
举例:- She said that she would come to the party.(名词性从句)- I am not sure whether it will rain tomorrow.(名词性从句)- The car, which is red, belongs to my sister.(形容词性从句)- Although it was raining, we still went for a walk.(副词性从句)2. 并列句并列句由两个或多个并列的主句构成,主句之间用逗号或者连接词(如and, but, or等)连接。
举例:- He is good at math, but his sister is good at English.(用逗号连接)- You can go swimming, or you can stay at home and watch TV.(用连接词连接)3. 倒装句倒装句是将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前,用于强调某个部分内容。
在高考英语中,常常出现以下几种倒装句形式:完全倒装、部分倒装和地点状语倒装。
举例:- Only when I arrived at the station did I realize that I had forgotten my ticket.(完全倒装)- Not only does she play the piano, but she also sings beautifully.(部分倒装)- In front of the house stands a tall tree.(地点状语倒装)4. 强调句强调句用于强调某个成分,通常通过将be动词后面的形容词、副词或介词短语提前来实现。