2019届上海市建平中学高三下学期三模英语试题 Word版含答案

2019届高三英语第三次统一考试试题（含解析）本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

共150分。

考试时间120分钟。

第一卷 1至10页，第二卷11至12页。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15B. £9.15C. £9.18答案是B。

1. When will the reception begin?A. At 7:30.B. At 8:00.C. At 8:30.2. How will the woman travel to New York?A. By train.B. By car.C. By air.3. Why does the man look worried?A. He’s lost his job.B. He’ll have an interview.C. He’ll report to his boss.4. What does the man want the woman to do?A. Attend a gathering.B. Help him with a job.C. Come to his house at 8:00.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The Internet.B. Clothes.C. The weather.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2019-2020学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Stanford Earth professor Jon Payne puts modern extinctions in context (21)_________ comparing them with Earth's five previous mass extinctions."We've found that extinction threat in the modern oceans is very strongly associated with larger body size," said Jonathan Payne, at Stanford's School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences. "This is most likely due to people (22)_________(target) larger species for consumption first."In a new study, (23)_________ (publish) in the Sept. 16 issue of the journal Science, Payne and his colleagues examined the association between extinction threat level and ecological traits (24)_________ _________ body size for two major groups of marine animals -- mollusks and vertebrates -- over the past 500 years and compared it with the ancient past,(25)________(stretch) as far back as 445 million years ago and with a particular emphasis on the most recent 66 million years."We used the fossil record to show, in a concrete, convincing way, that (26) _________ is happening in the modern oceans is really different from what has happened in the past," said study co-author Noel Heim, a postdoctoral researcher in Payne's lab.Specifically, the authors found that the modern era is unique in the extent (27)_________ creatures with larger body sizes are being preferentially targeted for extinction. "What our analysis shows is that for every factor of 10 increase in body mass, the odds of (28)_________(threaten) by extinction go up by a factor of 13 or so," Payne said. "The bigger you are, (29)_________(likely) you are to be facingextinction."The selective extinction of large-bodied animals (30)_________have serious consequences for the health of marine ecosystems, the scientists say, because they tend to be at the tops of food webs and their movements through the water column and the seafloor help cycle nutrients through the oceans.【答案】21. by 22. targeting 23. published 24. such as 25. stretching26. what 27. because 28. being threatened 29. more likely 30. may【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Mass extinction - n. 大规模灭绝，大量消亡2. Be associated with - prep. 与...联系起来，与...有关3. Consumption - n. 消费，消耗，吃，喝4. Ecological trait - n. 生态属性/特性5. Marine - adj. 海洋的，海运的6. Mollusk - n. 无脊椎动物7. Vertebrate - n. 脊椎动物8. Fossil - n. 化石9. Concrete - adj. 具体的，实物的10. Postdoctoral - adj. 博士后的11. In the extent - prep. 在...程度上12. Preferentially - adv. 优先地，优惠地13. Body mass - n. 体质量14. Odds - n. 几率，胜算，可能性15. Selective - adj. 选择的16. Ecosystem - n. 生态系统17. Food webs - n. 食物网络18. Column - n. 柱状物，专栏【试题解析】21题考查状从中介词的搭配，这里空格后面是动名词comparing，前面put 发出一个动作，因此是方式状语，“通过比较...和...”，因此填by.22题考查括号中动词的正确形式，主语是people，此处表示主动应该填现在分词，而本句的时态是一般现在时，因此填targeting.23题考查定语从句，主语是a new study，publish作后置定语，加之后面有过去的时间限制，因此填published表示过去完成。

2019年上海市某校三模英语试题一、语法填空1. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The biggest house of cards, the longest tongue, and of course, the tallest man: these are among the thousands of records logged in the famous Guinness Book of Records. Created in 1955 after a debate 【小题1】 (concern) Europe's fastest game bird, 【小题2】 began as a marketing tool sold to pub landlords 【小题3】 (promote) Guinness, an Irish drink, became the bestselling copyright title of all time (a category that excludes books such as the Bibleand the Koran). In time, the book would sell 120 million copies in over 100 countries— quite a leap from its humble beginnings.In its early years, the book set its sights on 【小题4】 (satisfy) man's inborn curiosity about the natural world around him. Its two principal fact finders, twins Norris and Ross McWhirter, moved wildly around the globe to collect facts. It was their task to find and document aspects of life that can be sensed or observed, things that can be quantified or measured. But not just any things. They were only interested in superlatives: the biggest and the best. It was during this period 【小题5】 some of the remarkable Guinness Records were documented, answering such questions as "What is the brightest star?" and "What isthe biggest spider?"Once aware of the public's thirst for such knowledge, the book's authors began to branch out to cover increasingly doubtful, little-known facts. They started documenting human achievements as well. A forerunner for reality television, the Guinness Book gave people【小题6】 chance to become famous for accomplishing odd, often pointless tasks. Records were set in 1955 for consuming 24 raw eggs in 14 minutes and in 1981 for the fastest solving of a Rubik's Cube (which took a mere 38 seconds). In 1979 a man yodeled(用真假嗓音交替唱) non-stop for ten and a quarter hours.In its latest appearance, the book has found a new home on the internet. No longer 【小题7】(restrict) to the limits of physical paper, the Guinness World Records website contains seemingly innumerable facts concerning such topics as the most powerful combustion(燃烧) engine, or the world's longest train. What is striking, however, is that such facts are found sharing a page with the record of the heaviest train to be pulled 【小题8】 a beard. Originating as a simple bar book, the Guinness Book of Records 【小题9】 (evolve) over decades to provide insight into the full range of modern life. And although one may be 【小题10】 (likely) now to learn about the widest human mouth than the highest number of casualties in a single battle of the Civil War, the Guinness World Records website offers a telling glimpse into the future of fact-finding and record-recording.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文2.Gender equality has powerful potential to improve the economy, security and the overallwell-being of a population.“If the world closed the gender gap in workforce participation, global Gross Domestic Product would increase by 28 trillion dollars by 2025. That's about a quarter of the world's current GDP and almost half of the world's current debt,” said U. S. Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women's I ssues, Catherine Russell, in a recent speech. She also noted that “studies have found that countries with less gender inequality are more secure, and peace agreements last longer when women are at the negotiating table.”However, no country in the world ca n say that it has achieved full gender equality. “Around the world, women are vastly underrepresented in politics and the workforce particularly in leadership positions and other high-paying jobs,” said Ambassador Russell. At the same time, women account for the majority of the poor. It makes sense when you consider that women control just one-fifth of global wealth.“World leaders are beginning to recognize that everyone benefits from advancing gender equality,” s she said. This is why gender equality is p art of U. S. foreign policy. A key part of U. S. efforts focus on educating and empowering girls. In the past 18 months, the United States launched its global strategy to empower adolescent girls.“Gender equality sometimes looks like an impossible task—a pursuit without an end,” said Ambassador Russell. “But we can make progress, and that progress is worth making. Little by little, discussion by discussion, step by step, we can improve the lives of women and girls, men and boys all around the world. And by doing so, we can reach our shared goals of peace, economic success and security.（1）This article is mainly about______.A while gender equality is important in our daily life, it is hard to deal withB gender equality is part of U.S. foreign policyC all the world is working on the genderequality D it is a long way to empower women and the young girls（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE?A Only women and girls benefit from gender equality.B GDP is of great importance to a country's development,C It is harder for women to make progress inpolitics. D Gender equality is of little use in the worldwide security.（3）From this article, what do we know about gender equality?A It is impossible to reach gender equality.B Countries that are of more gender equality are safer.C The U. S. pays more attention to gender equality than before.D People can make big progress all at once on this challenge.（4）Where can you find the passage?A A sports magazine.B An entertainment programme.C A research report.D A story book.三、完形填空3. 完形填空Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Microsoft Corp founder Bill Gates caught people's eye in a recent interview, when he suggested that robots should be taxed in, order to help humans keep their jobs. Gates is only one of many people in the tech world who have worried about automation and its 1 to workers.It's easy to see why the tech world is 2. The rise of machine learning has increased the fear that 3 humans could simply become out of date--4, 3.5 million American truck drivers might soon find their jobs threatened by driverless trucks. Though in the past, technology usually complemented workers 5 replacing them, there's no law of nature saying the technology of the future will work the same. A few economists even claim that cheap automation has already 6 income from workers to company owners.Another 7 is that even if the mass of humanity ultimately does find new ways to add value by complementing new technology—to “race with the machines,” as economist Er ik Brynjofsson puts it—this transition could take a long time and hurt a lot of people. As Bloomberg View's Tyler Cowen has noted, wages in Britain fell for four decades at the start of the Industrial Revolution. More 8, we've seen very slow and painful adjustment to the impact of globalization. If the machine learning revolution hurts workers for 40 years before ultimately helping them, it might be worth it to 9 that revolution and give them time to adjust.The main argument against taxing the robots is that it might hold back 10. Growth in rich countries has slowed markedly in the past decade, suggesting that it's getting harder and harder to find new ways of doing things. Stagnating productivity, combined with falling business investment, suggests that 11 of new technology is currently too slow rather than too fast—the biggest problem right now isn't too many robots, it's too few. Taxing new technology, however it's done, could make that slowdown worse.The problem with Gate's basic proposal is that it's very hard to tell the difference between new technology that12 humans and new technology that replaces them. This is especially true over the long term. Power looms（织布机）replaced human weavers back in the Industrial Revolution. 13, people eventually became more productive, by learning to operate those looms. If taxes had slowed the development of power looms, the eventual improvements would have come later.This is a powerful argument 14 the taxation of automation. Gates is right to say that we should start thinking ahead of time about how to use policy to mitigate（缓和）the unintended consequences of automation. But given the importance of sustaining innovation, we should look at 15 policies.（1）A resistanceB threatC admissionD dedication（2）A frightenedB worriedC intolerantD offensive（3）A fewB severalC manyD any（4）A in other wordsB for exampleC of courseD by contrast（5）A in case ofB because ofC in face ofD instead of（6）A distractedB digestedC directedD disclosed（7）A fearB proposalC adjustmentD complement（8）A possiblyB recentlyC primarilyD technically（9）A slow…downB make…upC get…overD give…up（10）A modernismB availabilityC popularityD innovation（11）A persuasionB adoptionC interruptionD elimination（12）A complementsB engagesC invadesD matures（13）A HoweverB ThereforeC ConsequentlyD Furthermore（14）A fromB againstC byD besides（15）A uppermostB stimulatingC persistentD alternative四、阅读理解4. High above Earth, a multi-billion- dollar formation of communications satellites stands ready to instantly connect people like pilots and seamen to every available aid when they find themselves in emergency. But what if the communication computers on board these ships and aircrafts broke down? The world could go silent, and leave travelers looking for directions. Not worry. There is a backup plan, in part using technology that was invented in1835, the year Mark Twain was born. It’s the Morse code, the language of dots and dashes that has survived the “ attack” of higher techonology for a century and half.Named after its inventor, Samuel F B Morse, the code is a series of combinations of short and long tones(dots and dashes) representing letters of the alphabet that can be transmitted(方法送) manually by a key operator. A telegrapher combines the dots and dashes to form letters and words. It is a seemingly tiring procedure, but skilled operators can transmit and receive faster than most secretaries can type.Morse telegraphy may seem weird and out of fashion, with its brass sounder and key operated by the world’s most basic tool, the human fi nger. However, it is sometimes vital to worldwide communications. When the Mexico City earthquake occurred in 1985 and all the power went off, calls for help were transmitted in Morse by an amateur radio operator. “We see the Morse code as a dying art, but we refuse to let it die completely,” says Major General Leo M Childs, the US Army’s Chiefs Signal Officer. “ Newer isn’t always better. Even though it is old and slow, Morse is still the most reliable in difficult conditions.”Ever since Morse started the telegraph service in 1844, the death of Morse code has been predicted regularly. However, although the telegraph has receded from public view, experts say that they cannot envision an end to its use any time soon. “ I can carry a very small Morse key in my pocket and transmit around the world,” says Burke Stinson, a public relations man for American Telephone & Telegraph Co. “ I don’t think you will ever see the Morse code die. It is going to be difficult to find another method that is as flexible and reliable.”（1）Why does the writer mention the possibility of satellite-based communication systems failing?A To compare Morse to communication satellites.B To underlined the importance of a reliable alternative.C To suggest that satellite communications are unreliable.D To emphasize the weaknesses of satellites communications.（2）What can be learned about the process of communications using Morse Code?A It involved more than transmitting tones.B It is difficult even for experienced users.C It is not as laborious as people think.D It is simple enough for anyone who can type.（3）In the third paragraph, what does the writer imply about the use of Morse Code?A It attracts many enthusiasts thought old-fashioned.B It is most useful to the armed forces and some hobbyists.C It has been brought to life again by amateur radio operators.D It can be the only way to communicate during a crisis.（4）Which of the following might the best title of the passage?A Dots and Dashes Still AliveB A New Age for Morse CodeC The Evolution of Morse TelegraphyD Samuel F. B Morse : Father of the Morse Code5. Read the following passage about four apps.1. Start Walking PathThis app was created by the American Heart Association to encourage people to walk more to stay fit. It makes it easy for you to find or create and then share nice walks wherever you are. For example, imagine you take a walk through a park on your way home from work oneday. You can map your walk using this app and share it with your friends and coworkers so they can enjoy it too. Or you can search a new area to see if anyone else has posted a nice walk.2. Weigh What Matters.This app was created by the American Medical Association to make it easy for patients to set healthy goals and then keep track of their progress. The app tracks three areas: weight, nutrition, and physical activity. Users record what they weight, what they eat, and how much exercise they get. From this information, a progress report is created and emailed to the patient’s doctor. If patients are not getting enough exercise, their doctors can encourage them to work out more often.3. My Fitness PalThis app allows you to easily keep track of everything you eat and shows you the calories you are consuming. You can also keep track of or find recipes for healthy meals. And it has links to discussion boards where you can get support from other people who are trying to lose weight.4. Sleep CycleThis app watches you while you sleep. It then teaches you about your sleep patterns. You can then use the information to change your pattern if necessary in order that you can sleep better. Here’s how it works. You places your phone on your bed, near your pillow. Then just go to sleep—you phone keeps track of your movement and breathing during the night. It records this information in an easy-to- read graph that shows you how much you move and how often and when you wake up during the night. It also choose the best time to wake you up so that you have a peaceful start to your day.（1）What do the four apps have in common?A They are all apps to enable users to socialize.B They are all apps to help users become healthier.C They are all apps to ensure users have a good sleep.D They are all apps to encourage users to take exercise.（2）Which pair of apps allow users to record what they eat?A Start Walking Path and Weigh What MattersB Weigh What Matters and My Fitness PalC Sleep Cycle and Start Walking PathD My Fitness Pal and Sleep Cycle（3）Which of the following is a function of Sleep Cycle?A It can serve as an alarm clock.B It is connected to the user’s doctor.C It keeps track of the user’s brain activity.D It wakes the users up if he doesn’t sleep well6. At a conference recently, I heard the chief manager of a supermarket chain proudly claim that automatic checkout machines were improving the company's productivity．These machines have replaced traditional checkout equipment and their paid human operators with unpaid customer labour in scanning and bagging． The company's measured income per employee hour will certainly be rising． True productivity will not． Economic welfare in the round is reduced by the struggle we customers have with the still﹣imperfect new machines．This raises the question of what would be considered as a real productivity gain． The retail field made great progress in productivity during the 1990s, mainly thanks to the use ofthe new information and communication technologies in logistics（物流）． Perhaps automation has further to go in terms of delivering products to the supermarkets． But what would higher productivity look like? The answer might well lie with Amazon's experimental store, Amazon Go． Customers put what they want in their bags and walk through a turnstile（闸机）． A large number of cameras ﹣ and an algorithm（算法）﹣ watch them, add up their bill and charge it to them． There is no checkout process at all．This is spot﹣on． In many retail industries, higher productivity means faster service． There are many routine services where getting more for less requires less time to be spent performing them． This applies to parts of many fields of the economy． There are past examples think of the impact of the washing machine on doing the laundry or the ATMon taking money out of the bank but now we are seeing much more automation in new areas such as legal search, examination of medical tests and buying train tickets online． There is surely much further to go as artificial intelligence advances．In other types of service, the economically better outcome is likely to involve spending more time, not less, on the delivery of these non﹣routine services． Examples might include caring for a very sick patient in hospital, and preparing a special meal． Many existing fields will include both activities we want to see done faster and those which would be improved if they happened more slowly． In either case, time is the right productivity measure． The amount of money earned per hour spent on the service is going to become a decreasingly useful measure, at least for economists． For there is a question about whether or not the services are provided in the market by paid labor, or in the household ﹣ by our own, unpaid labor．Technology is also shifting this conventional boundary between what is considered to be part of the economy and what is not． As well as high street retailers foisting（把……强加于）some of their work on to us, certain formerly intermediated（需要中介的） activities are now done online at home, such as banking and booking a holiday． The time might come when clever algorithms are trained enough to enable us to do much more of the routine type of service activity for ourselves． Indeed, many of professional services from management consultancy to legal advice involve decision processes that can easily be arranged into a system．Businesses should apply this routine/fast and non﹣routine/slow lens （角度） to their activities to think about their productivity and, more importantly, how well they are serving their customers． Amazon has invested on a grand scale, and it shows: the company delivers a superb customer experience． If the Amazon Go technology works, will shoppers prefer to scan goods at a machine that constantly tells them about getting the bagging wrong or walk out of a store with no checkout at all?（1）Why does the author take the example of Amazon Go？________A To show what's the real productivity gain．B To introduce the new trend of servicein the retail field． C To show the new information and technologies inlogistics． D To show automation in delivering products to supermarkets．．（2）How does the author think of the further development of automation in the future？________A Disappointing．B Promising．C Unhealthy．D Unexpected．．（3）What can be inferred from Paragraph 5？________A Productivity matters in all types of service．B The income per hour becomes a more useful measure．C Time isn't a measure of productivity in routineservices． D Productivity isn't the most important thing in other types of service．．（4）What should businesses put as the first consideration according to the author？________A Greatly increasing their productivity．B Investing on a large scale intime． C Meeting the needs of their customers． D Combining routine and non﹣routine services．五、六选四7.Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that junk（垃圾）has become a problem in outer space, too.According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes（望远镜）. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see. Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle. To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a US satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into earth's atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.Many scientists are also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth's atmosphere to bum up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to earth to be safely destroyed."The problem is becoming more challenging because we are sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers," says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian space researcher."The time to act is now. The longer we have the problem, the bigger it will become," he says.（1）What does the underline word "these" in paragraph 2 refer to?A Telescopes.B Satellites.C BBC News reports.D Pieces of space junk.（2）Why is space junk considered a problem?A It buns up after it re-enters the atmosphere.B It may crash into other space toolscausing damage or death. C It often stops the view of telescopes on Earth. D It could force new space tools to travel at slower speeds.（3）Countries want future space tools to fall back into earth's atmosphere so that ________.A the tools can be reused laterB the earth's atmosphere can stay cleanC the tools don't become space junkD the effects of space flight can be studied（4）How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?A Use robots to collect it.B Catch it with nets.C Bum it in the earth's atmosphere.D Send it further away from the earth.六、概要写作8. To a large degree, the measure of our peace of mind is determined by how much we are able to live in the present moment．In spite of what happened yesterday or last year, and wh at may or may not happen tomorrow, the present moment is where you are 一 always!Without question, many of us have mastered the sensitive art of spending much of our live s worrying about a variety of things 一 all at once．We allow past problems and future conce rns to dominate our present moments so much, so that we end up anxious, frustrated, depres sed, and hopeless．On the other hand, we also put off our satisfaction, our stated priorities （优先权）, and our happiness, often convincing ourselves that"someday"will be much better than today．Unfortunately, the same mental power that tells us to look toward the future will onl y repeat themselves so that"someday"never actually arrives．John Lennon once said, "Life is what's happening while we're busy making other plans．"When we're busy making"other pl ans", our children are busy growing up, the people we love are moving away and dying, our b odies are getting out of shape, and our dreams are slipping away．In short, we miss out on li fe．Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal （彩排）for some later date．It isn't, in fact, no one has a guarantee that he or she will be here tomorr ow．Now is the only time we have, and the only time that we have any control over．When our attention is in the present moment, we push fear from our minds．Fear is the concern ov er events that might happen in the future-we won't have enough money, our children will get into trouble, we will get old and die, what ever．To overcome fear, the best strategy is to learn to bring your attention back to the present．Mark Twain said, "I have been through some terrible things in life, some of which actually ha ppened．I don't think I can say it any better．Practice keeping your attention on the here an d now．Your effort will pay great dividends．"（1）The purpose of this passage is to tell readers________．A people who are busy making plans are living actively．B how to help others overcom e fear．C we ought to learn to live in the present moment．D someone who only enjoys the present time usually wastes his time blindly．（2）Why are some people depressed and anxious day and night？________A Because they fear they cannot pass their tests．B Because past problems and future c oncerns dominate their present moment．C Because the people they love want to leave them alone．D Because they make some mistakes in the past．（3）By using what John Lennon said，the writer intends to________．A advise people to fix their attention on the present life．B remind people to make good plans for their future． C warn people that their children are growing up． D remi nd people that their bodies are out of shape．（4）In the writer's eyes，"fear"is the________．A concern over past problems．B attention on the present．C worry about what m ight happen in the future．D anxiety about dress rehearsal．（5）The underlined word"Dividends"in the last paragraph means________．A divisions of your happier and misery life．B difference between your current state of mind and what you were．C money．D benefits in return for your efforts．七、汉译英9. Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.（1）暴饮暴食被一些人认为是缓解工作压力的手段。

2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期周练英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Stanford Earth professor Jon Payne puts modern extinctions in context (21)_________ comparing them with Earth's five previous mass extinctions."We've found that extinction threat in the modern oceans is very strongly associated with larger body size," said Jonathan Payne, at Stanford's School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences. "This is most likely due to people (22)_________(target) larger species for consumption first."In a new study, (23)_________ (publish) in the Sept. 16 issue of the journal Science, Payne and his colleagues examined the association between extinction threat level and ecological traits (24)_________ _________ body size for two major groups of marine animals -- mollusks and vertebrates -- over the past 500 years and compared it with the ancient past,(25)________(stretch) as far back as 445 million years ago and with a particular emphasis on the most recent 66 million years."We used the fossil record to show, in a concrete, convincing way, that (26) _________ is happening in the modern oceans is really different from what has happened in the past," said study co-author Noel Heim, a postdoctoral researcher in Payne's lab.Specifically, the authors found that the modern era is unique in the extent (27)_________ creatures with larger body sizes are being preferentially targeted for extinction. "What our analysis shows is that for every factor of 10 increase in body mass, the odds of (28)_________(threaten) by extinction go up by a factor of 13 or so," Payne said. "The bigger you are, (29)_________(likely) you are to be facing extinction."The selective extinction of large-bodied animals (30)_________have serious consequences for the health of marine ecosystems, the scientists say, because they tend to be at the tops of food webs and their movements through the water column and the seafloor help cycle nutrients through the oceans.【答案】21. by 22. targeting 23. published 24. such as 25. stretching26. what 27. because 28. being threatened 29. more likely 30. may【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Mass extinction - n. 大规模灭绝，大量消亡2. Be associated with - prep. 与...联系起来，与...有关3. Consumption - n. 消费，消耗，吃，喝4. Ecological trait - n. 生态属性/特性5. Marine - adj. 海洋的，海运的6. Mollusk - n. 无脊椎动物7. Vertebrate - n. 脊椎动物8. Fossil - n. 化石9. Concrete - adj. 具体的，实物的10. Postdoctoral - adj. 博士后的11. In the extent - prep. 在...程度上12. Preferentially - adv. 优先地，优惠地13. Body mass - n. 体质量14. Odds - n. 几率，胜算，可能性15. Selective - adj. 选择的16. Ecosystem - n. 生态系统17. Food webs - n. 食物网络18. Column - n. 柱状物，专栏【试题解析】21题考查状从中介词的搭配，这里空格后面是动名词comparing，前面put发出一个动作，因此是方式状语，“通过比较...和...”，因此填by.22题考查括号中动词的正确形式，主语是people，此处表示主动应该填现在分词，而本句的时态是一般现在时，因此填targeting.23题考查定语从句，主语是a new study，publish作后置定语，加之后面有过去的时间限制，因此填published表示过去完成。

2019-2020年高三第三次模拟考试英语试题含分析(I)第一部分听力（共两节，满分20 分）做题时，现将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节(共 5 小题；每题1分，满分 5 分）听下边 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A \B\C 三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地点。

听完每段对话后，你都有下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is the woman probably doing?A. Preparing a speech.B Listening to loud music.C Talking loudly on the telephone.2.How does the woman like the canteen food?A. She is fond of it. B She is tired of it.3.Why does the man want to wear his new suit?A. At the woman’ s request.B. For an important occasion.C. To look more professional.4.Where does this conversation probably take place?A. At the man’ s houseB. At a hotel5.What time is it when the conversation is on?A. 8:30B. 8:45C. 9:1510秒钟的时间往返答相关小题和阅读C. She can’ t have enough of it.C. In a cafe.第二节（共15 小题 ,每题 1 分，满分15 分）听下边 5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、 C 三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应地点。

2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期周练英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Stanford Earth professor Jon Payne puts modern extinctions in context (21)_________ comparing them with Earth's five previous mass extinctions."We've found that extinction threat in the modern oceans is very strongly associated with larger body size," said Jonathan Payne, at Stanford's School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences. "This is most likely due to people (22)_________(target) larger species for consumption first."In a new study, (23)_________ (publish) in the Sept. 16 issue of the journal Science, Payne and his colleagues examined the association between extinction threat level and ecological traits (24)_________ _________ body size for two major groups of marine animals -- mollusks and vertebrates -- over the past 500 years and compared it with the ancient past,(25)________(stretch) as far back as 445 million years ago and with a particular emphasis on the most recent 66 million years."We used the fossil record to show, in a concrete, convincing way, that (26) _________ is happening in the modern oceans is really different from what has happened in the past," said study co-author Noel Heim, a postdoctoral researcher in Payne's lab.Specifically, the authors found that the modern era is unique in the extent (27)_________ creatures with larger body sizes are being preferentially targeted for extinction. "What our analysis shows is that for every factor of 10 increase in body mass, the odds of (28)_________(threaten) by extinction go up by a factor of 13 or so," Payne said. "The bigger you are, (29)_________(likely) you are to be facing extinction."The selective extinction of large-bodied animals (30)_________have serious consequences for the health of marine ecosystems, the scientists say, because they tend to be at the tops of food webs and their movements through the water column and the seafloor help cycle nutrients through the oceans.【答案】21. by 22. targeting 23. published 24. such as 25. stretching26. what 27. because 28. being threatened 29. more likely 30. may【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Mass extinction - n. 大规模灭绝，大量消亡2. Be associated with - prep. 与...联系起来，与...有关3. Consumption - n. 消费，消耗，吃，喝4. Ecological trait - n. 生态属性/特性5. Marine - adj. 海洋的，海运的6. Mollusk - n. 无脊椎动物7. Vertebrate - n. 脊椎动物8. Fossil - n. 化石9. Concrete - adj. 具体的，实物的10. Postdoctoral - adj. 博士后的11. In the extent - prep. 在...程度上12. Preferentially - adv. 优先地，优惠地13. Body mass - n. 体质量14. Odds - n. 几率，胜算，可能性15. Selective - adj. 选择的16. Ecosystem - n. 生态系统17. Food webs - n. 食物网络18. Column - n. 柱状物，专栏【试题解析】21题考查状从中介词的搭配，这里空格后面是动名词comparing，前面put发出一个动作，因此是方式状语，“通过比较...和...”，因此填by.22题考查括号中动词的正确形式，主语是people，此处表示主动应该填现在分词，而本句的时态是一般现在时，因此填targeting.23题考查定语从句，主语是a new study，publish作后置定语，加之后面有过去的时间限制，因此填published表示过去完成。

2019届上海市建平中学高三下学期三模英语试题Word版含答案2019建平中学高三下英语三模I. Listening Comprehension (25%)略II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections:Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There’s a widely-accepted line of thinking, especially in 2019, that says the people and things we love will eventually let us down.It’s never an if, always a when. So our heroes will inevitably turn out to be trash monsters. Our favorite bands will enter an experimental phase, even though no one asked them to. And our favorite TV shows will (21) _______ _______ fail to reach greater heights, but they won’t even come close to the same level of success they once had.It was with this cynical mentality (22) _______ I approached the second season of 2018’s breakout hit Killing Eve. How could a series that was so well written, so well acted, and so fiercely addictive in its freshman season possibly (23) _______ (maintain) the same level of quality in Season 2, especially since Phoebe Waller-Bridge, (24) _______ developed the series for TV and wrote four of the first season’s eight episodes, wasn’t involved in the writing of the second? It seemed like an impossible task.But then a strange thing happened: Killing Eve’s second season, at least the two episodes (25) _______ (screen) in advance for critics, didn’t let me down. The new episodes generated the same amount of joy I experienced (26) _______ I watched Eve (Sandra Oh) and Villanelle (Jodie Comer) dance around each other during the first go-round, only this time the stakes were considerably (27) _______ (high).As Waller-Bridge noted, “Killing Eve is character study on two lives, two women and their circumstances, their homes, their wants, their fears and (28) _______ keeps them from ending it all. It’s just that (29) _______ happens to be an assassin（暗杀者）and the other a spy. If I’ve done my job right, the audience (30) _______ feel equally chilled as they are excited by the determination of these women, their journeys and how drawn they are to one anoth er.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beHow to be a demanding readerThe rules for reading yourself to sleep are easier to follow than are the rules for stayingawake while reading. Get into bed in a comfortable position, make sure the light is __31__ enough to cause a slight eyestrain, choose a book that is either terribly difficult or terribly boring--in any event one that you do not really care whether you read or not --and you will be asleep in a few minutes. Those who are experts in relaxing with a book do not have to wait for __32__. A comfortable chair in the library will do any time.Unfortunately, the rules for keeping awake do not consist indoing just the __33__. It is possible to keep awake while reading in a comfortable chair or even in bed, and people have been known to __34__ their eyes by reading late in light too dim. What kept the famous __35__ readers awake? One thing certainly -- it made a difference to them, a great difference, whether or not they read the book they had in hand.Whether you manage to keep awake or not depends in large part on your goal in reading. If your aim in reading is to profit from it -- to __36__ somehow in mind or spirit -- you have to keep awake. That means reading as actively as possible. It means making an effort -- an effort for which you expect to be __37__.Good books, fiction or nonfiction, deserve such reading. To use a good book as a helper to fall asleep is pure waste. To fall asleep or, what is the same, to let your mind wander during the hours you planned to devote to reading for profit -- that is, __38__ for understanding -- is clearly to defeat your own __39__.But the sad fact is that many people who can distinguish between profit and pleasure -- between understanding, on the one hand, and entertainment or the mere satisfaction of curiosity, on the other hand-- nevertheless __40__ to carry out their reading plans. They can’t make it even if they know which books give which. The reason is that they do not know how to be demanding readers, how to keep their mind on what they are doing by making it do the work without which no profit can be earned.Ⅲ. Reading comprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A window into the futureShortly after its opening on the first day of Chinese New Year, The Wandering Earth began to gain momentum. In a little over a week, it made 2.8 billion yuan in the __41__ market alone. The film’s popularity and success has come as a __42__ to many reviewers especially since there hasn’t been that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction the past. Many agree that this film will change the __43__ situation and bring in a new age for Chinese science fiction.As a genre（类型）, Chinese science fiction has __44__ general fiction in both the film and publishing industries. Even Liu Cixin’s (the author who wrot e the short story on which The Wandering Earth is based) The Three Body Problem--which is currently quite popular -- didn’t havemany readers until it was translated into English and won the Hugo Award（雨果奖）in 2015. __45__, I haven’t read much of any genre written in Chinese, but I do notice that there aren’t many separate sections of the bookstore dedicated to science fiction. I cannot speak for everyone, but some people seem to have __46__ regarding the genre.My parents were the type who tried to steer me in the direction of non-fiction and the classics. They believed that science fiction and fantasy were “unrealistic nonsense” and would “__47__ by brain.” __48__, great science fiction writers do their research. More often than not, one can learn a great deal about science and its possible development from reading science fiction. Sure, some of the concepts may be confusing or technical in nature, but that is also part of the __49__. Things like the internet, electric cars and tablet computers were first theorized in science fiction before they were __50__. The author simply uses a __51__ of science and his imagination to create worlds differentfrom the Earth of today, from which we can get bits and pieces that can be turned into a __52__.The world is changing. There may very well be a time when Earth is no longer able to __53__ the entire population. We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships; perhaps we will be __54__ to move Earth to a new solar system just like The Wandering Earth. Each of these scenarios（设想）has appeared in science fiction multiple times. __55__ we are to be prepared for what is to come, we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future.41. A. outdoor B. domestic C. depressed D. global42. A. achievement B. compliment C. surprise D. priority43. A. embarrassing B. extreme C. risky D. complicated44. A. contributed to B. taken over C. made up D. lagged behind45. A. Personally B. Obviously C. Fortunately D. Hopefully46. A. confidence B. ambitions C. suspicions D. misunderstandings47. A. damage B. rot C. form D. swing48. A. In addition B. For instance C. In fact D. As a result49. A. compound B. investigation C. memory D. appeal50. A. imagined B. operated C. restored D. invented51. A. combination B. perspective C. definition D. consequence52. A. mystery B. restriction C. connection D. reality53. A. protect B. sustain C. double D. estimate54. A. willing B. thrilled C. forced D. allowed55. A. Though B. If C. Since D. BeforeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe following sad but true talc concerns my great-uncle, a wonderful, jolly, beloved man who was over six feet four and probably weighted close to three hundred pounds. He was also well-educated and in the early 1900s became a full-time baptist minister. A kindly, gentle man despite his size, Uncle Alden Bentley’s only real fault seemed to be that he was terribly clumsy. As a young minister, her was paying a pastoral call one day on a woman in Dillon, South Carolina, when he accidentally sat on her Chihuahua, Twinkie, and killed it. As the lady searched for and called for her dog throughout the house, Uncle Alden felt underneath his hip and, realizing what he had done, panicked and slipped the dead dog into his coat pocket. Although he was devastated, he could not bring himself w tell the woman what had happened.Five years later, he returned to the same home of an overnight visit and resolved to unburden himself by finally telling the woman exactly what had happened to Twinkie. she had just had the guest room prepared and had hung brand-new curtains. To make Uncle feel welcome, she had placed on the bedside table a large pitcher of ice water and a glass, as well as a pen and a bottle of ink, so he could work on his sermon before retiring.Uncle liked to sleep with the window open and got up in the night to open it. As he did, he knocked over what he assumed to be a full glass of water. Then, groping along the walls in an unsuccessful search for the light switch, he retraced his stepsseveral times before raising the window and settling back on the bed for the night. When he opened his eyes the next morning, he was horrified. The fresh wallpaper on two walls was covered with great black stains. The crisp white curtains were thoroughly spoiled with the prints of Uncle’s huge paws. It had not been the water glass he’d overturned during the night -- it had been the ink bottle.In a shaken state of mind and knowing he must face the hostess, Uncle dressed hurriedly and started down the stairs outside the guest room. As he approached the landing, his foot flipped.“Are you hurt?” His hostess cried as she rushed to Uncle’s side.“No,” said Uncle a he rose to his feet, “but I have devastated your home.” With that he quickly walked out the front door and, at the end of the walk, turned and said to his hostess with deep respect, “Twinkie had a Christian burial.”He then retired from the ministry and became a teacher of philosophy for many years at a private preparatory school in Massachusetts.56. What was the job of Uncle Alden when he was visiting the lady’s home?A. A government official.B. A teacher.C. A house agent.D. A churchman.57. what does the underlined word “retiring” mean in the second paragraph?A. giving up workB. pulling backC. going awayD. going to bed58. Which of the following statements about Uncle Alden is TURE?A. He suffered from a guilty conscience after the first visit to the lady’s home.B. His rudeness led to a mess of the guest room during the second visit to the lad y’s home.C. He kept the death of Twinkie as a secret from the hostess all through the two visits.D. His visits to the lady’s home always ended with rage and fury.59. What kind of tone is adopted by the writer in this short story?A. Sympathetic.B. Critical.C. Humorous.D. Indifferent.60. For Mr. & Mrs. Lawrence, a Canadian couple who are considering an overseas package-tour for their honeymoon, which website will they probably visit?A./doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.htmlB. visitGreensboroN/doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe47 33687f21fc80.htmlC./doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.htmlD. Caravan. com61. Which of the following applicants may have the chance of winning a free trip?A. Morgan, a retired Canadian teacher.B. Jennifer, a primary student from Alaska.C. Peter, a salesman on overseas trip to U. S.,D. Lincoln, a senior form Chicage University.62. Which of the following statements is TURE?A. You may get the chance to explore Fairbanks for free by visiting/doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.html .B. You needn’t pay any fees to apply for a free trip via text or/doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.htmlC. Greensboro can be a perfect destination for collectors of artifacts.D. Alaska is not a good choice for those who want to experience urban charmC.Before the age of the smartphone, photographers had to learn how to use high-tech cameras and photographic techniques. Today, with the huge range of camera apps on our smartphones, we’re all good amateur photographers, since the quality of smartphone images now nearly equals that of digital cameras.The new ease of photography has given us a tremendousappetite for capturing the magical and the ordinary. We are obsessed with documenting everyday moments, whether it’s a shot of our breakfast, our cat or the cat’s breakfast. Even photo journalists are experimenting with mobile phones because their near invisibility makes it easier to capture unguarded moments.In the past, magazines published unforgettable photos of important people and global events that captured our imaginations. These photos had the power to change public opinion and even the course of history. But if there are fewer memorable images today, it’s not because there are fewer good images. It’s because there are so many, and no one image gets to be special for long.As people everywhere embrace photography and the media make use of citizen journalists, professional standards appear to be shifting. Before digital images, most people trusted photographs to accurately reflect reality. Today, images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice. Photojournalists are trained to accurately represent what they witness. Yet any image can be altered to create an “improved” picture of reality. The average viewer is left with no way to assess theaccuracy of an image except through trust in a news organization or photographer.The question of the accuracy of images gets even trickier when photojournalists start experimenting with camera apps -- like Hipstamatic or Instagram --which encourage the use of filters （滤镜）. Images can be colored, brightened, faded, and scratched to make photographs more artistic, or to give them an antique look. Photographers using camera apps to cover wars and conflicts have created powerful images--but alsocontroversy. Critics worry that antique-looking photographs romanticize war, while distancing us from those who fight in them.Yet photography has always been more subjective than we assume. Each picture is a result of a series of decisions -- where to stand, what lens to use, what to leave in and what to leave out of the frame. Does altering photographs with camera app filters make them less true? There’s something powerful and exciting about the experiment the digital age has forced upon us. These new tools make it easier to tell our own stories -- and they give others the power to do the same. Many members of the media get stuck on the same stories, focusing on elections, governments, wars, and disasters, and in the process, miss out on the less dramatic images of daily life that can be as revealing.Who knows? Our obsession with documentation and constantly being connected could lead to a dramatic change in out way of being. Perhaps we are witnessing the development of a universal isvual language, one that could change the way er relate to each other and the world. Of course, as with any language, there will be those who produce poetry and those who make shopping lists.63. According to the author, there are fewer memorable photographs today because_______.A. the quality of many images is still poorB. there are so many good images these daysC. traditional media refuse to allow amateur photosD. most images are not appealing to a global audience64. The author put the word “improved” in quotation marks in order to _______.A. indicate it’s a word cited fro m another sourceB. stress that the picture of reality is greatly improvedC. draw audience attention to a word worth consideringD. show it’s arguable whether the picture is truly improved65. Which of the statements does the author most likely agree with?A. The daily life pictures are very expressive themselves.B. Photographs of the digital age are more subjective than before.C. Photos altered by filters of camera apps are too subjective to be true.D. Many members of the media value daily life imanges over major social events.66. What my be the best title for the passage?A. Camera Apps Bury AuthenticityB. Photography Redefined: A Visual LanguageC. Smartphone: Killer of Professional PhotographyD. The Shifting Standards of Professional PhotographySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. EachChoosing a brand nameTalk to anyone in the business world and they will tell you that a good advertising campaign can only get you so far. __67__ So how do you do about choosing one?A descriptive business name, for example ‘Pete’s Bakery’, might seem the best solution. It effectively communicates what your business is so it is easy for people to understand what you do. This is especially useful if you are a small business with limited advertising budgets. Another bonus is that this sort of name willbe thrown up in internet searches, so you may get easy additional business.However, descriptive names have some drawbacks. The biggest one is if you later decide to expand your business to other areas. __68__ Another disadvantage is that these generic names can easily be confused with similarly-named competitors--your customers may find them when they were looking for you.An increasing number of companies and freelancers are creating a brand around their own name. Think of Adidas or Kellogg’s --when they set up their companies, Adi Dassler and William Kellogg were unknown but they have been so successful that their names have become world-famous brands. __69__ This strategy demands more marketing and a strong advertising campaign, which can be costly.So how do you go about inventing a name? One method is to use acronyms or abbreviations, for example IKEA(IngvarKamprad Elmtaryd Agunaryd). If you prefer, you can use combined names such as Microsoft (Micro+software). __70__It is well worth taking as long as you need to come up with the name that will suit the business and that you can be proud of.Ⅳ. Summary writingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passagein no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication -- e-mails, Web posts and reviews, fact-to-face conversations -- found that if tended to be more positive than nega tive, but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? T o test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn. colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed The Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive felling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feeling like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article was, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.第Ⅳ卷Ⅳ. TranslationsDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 光刷题不反思是没有用处的。

2019-2020学年上海市建平世纪中学高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashington D.C. SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.The Old Town Trolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites including Museum of African American History and Culture.Comedy Walks Washington D.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1.Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour2.Which tour lasts longest?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour3.Where will you read this text most likely?A.In a guidebook.B.In a magazine.C.In a newspaper.D.On the Internet.BI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。

2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期3月月考英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopi ck, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out.So on a chilly January evening last year, the two friends ventured (冒险) onto the frozen pond near their homes in Frankfort, Illinois,(21) (get) a better look. First they cast a rock onto the ice to test it, then they stepped on it. (22) (convince) the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, then … FOOMP. He crashed through the seemingly frozen surface. There was no sound, he just fell instantly.Cruz rushed to help his terrified friend. FOOMP -- the pond swallowed him too. Cruz managed to lift(23) out of the frozen water and onto a more solid section. He then cautiously worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice (24) (not hold), and he fell in again. This time, he couldn’t get out. The boys were up to their necks in icy water and quickly losing feeling in their limbs. There was not much chance (25) they could free themselves from the trouble. Cruz was sure he was going to die.Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys (26)(fall) into the pond and started creaming for help. John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby buoy(浮标)，kicked off his shoes, and ran into the water, (27) (chop) his way through the ice with his free fist. Lavin made his way(28) Cruz and Anthony and pull them back to land. They were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water(29) (lower) their body temperature nearly ten degrees.Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, (30) they are still a little awestruck(惊叹的)by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” says Cruz, “If he hadn’t been there, I would have died.”【答案】21. to get 22. Convinced 23. himself 24. didn’t hold 25. that26. fall 27. chopping 28. to 29. had lowered 30. though/although【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Cast - v. 扔，投，掷2. Convince - v. 使...相信；说服3. Seemingly - adv. 表面上看来4. Swallow - v. 吞没5. Solid - adj.坚固的6. Limbs - n. 四肢7. Free...from... - prep. 使免受...，免于...，拜托...8. Cream for help - prep. 呼救9. Grocery- v. 食品杂货，杂货店10. Pull over - prep. 靠边停车，把...开到路边11. Kick off - prep. 踢掉（鞋子）12. Chop...through... - prep. 劈开...，弄碎...13. Stay - n. 停留，逗留14. Fearless - adj. 无畏的；大胆的【试题解析】21题考查目的状语，两个号朋友踏上结冰的水塘是为了更好的看清冰面上的鸟是鸭子还是鹅。

2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEast Yorkshire has typical unpredictable British weather. So here are some ideas to keep everybody happy when the weather is not the most ideal.William's Den, North CaveThe outdoor and indoor areas are suitable for children of all ages to have fun.There are nests to explore, rope bridges to cross, a tree-house and a slide. The attached Kitchen provides fresh food made from locally sourced ingredients serving a selection of treats.East Riding Leisure CentresKnown for a fun learner pool alongside an incredible fun zone with two slides as well, it is perfect for kids to find their feet in the water, have fun and explore. Its 6 climbing walls offer a different challenge on each. This place is suitable for anyone over the age of 4 and you can refuel at cafe with fresh food, snacks and cakes.Sewerby Hall and GardensWhen the weather’s not sure, take cover in the Hall and learn how life was in the early 1900’s for the residents and workers of the house. Then explore the zoo and meet the pigs, parrots and penguins! Kids of all ages are welcome.Withernsea LighthouseThere’s no limitation to the age of kids to climb Withernsea Lighthouse, which is 144 steps to the top, with full views of the East Yorkshire Coast at the top of it. Enjoy the museum on the ground floor and learn what life is like working and living in a lighthouse. The souvenir shop provides attractive gifts for visitors at a fair price.1.Which one is unsuitable for kids of all ages?A.William’s Den, North Cave.B.East Riding Leisure Centres.C.Sewerby Hall and Gardens.D.Withernsea Lighthouse.2.Where can kids enjoy food?A.In William’s Den, North Cave and Sewerby Hall and Gardens.B.In East Riding Leisure Centres and Withernsea LighthouseC.In William’s Den, North Cave and East RidingLeisure Centres.D.In Sewerby Hall and Gardens and Withernsea Lighthouse.3.Where does this passage probably come from?A.A geography textbook.B.A science report.C.A finance magazine.D.A travel brochure.BMikah Frye, a 9-year-old boy, was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night. Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas.That thought stayed in Mikah Frye’s mind and when he reached home, Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier. Mikah realized that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless. He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.Three years ago, Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter. Having suffered a financial crisis, they too had lost their house, not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night. Mikah was six years old then but he remembered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning.Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago, the family donated 60 blankets in the end, each with a personalized message of hope in Mikah’s handwriting stating: “They gave me a blanket, but I had to leave it. That’s why I want you to have your own blanket. Today, I live in my own house, and someday you will too. Your friend, Mikah.”The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Microsoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of “Santa’s list of nice boys” that year.4. Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift?A. The device was out of date.B. His parents had a tight budget.C. He wanted to spend a warm Christmas.D. He decided to do something charitable.5. What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless?A. His own experience.B. His parents’ education.C. His visiting to the emergency shelter.D. The cold weather during the holiday season.6. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return.B. He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas.C. The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox.D Mikah wrote a thank-you note to the emergency shelter he lived in.7. What might be the best title for the text?A. Mikah’s Precious Christmas GiftB. Mikah’s Giving Warmth on ChristmasC. Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santa’s ListD. The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold ChristmasCAfter years of releasing e-readers that compete directly with Amazon’s Kindle, Rakuten Kobo’s latest device offers something totally different: theability to draw and write directly on the screen.With a large 10.3-inch E-ink display, the Kobo Elipsa looks more like an electronic clipboard than the standard paperpack-sized e-reader. Although the ability to write on the screen is no big deal — especially given its high price tag of $ 600 — the overall package is impressively functional.In terms of reading, the Elipsa packs just about everything you’d expect in a Kobo. You can purchase and download books from the store, read web articles you’ve saved online via Pocket, and connect to your local library to borrow e-books and magazines. It’s known that Kindle basically requires you to buy books from Amazon. Unlike Kindles, Kobos are pretty open with the formats they support; you can connect the Elipsa to a computer and transfer over any PDF books you have bought or downloaded from stores like Booktopia or Google Books.You can fill your virtual notepads with notes using brush and pen types, and export them as PDFs or images to a PC. There’s also an “advanced” notebook that can turn your writing into typed and editable text for exporting to Microsoft Word format. You can also write directly onto documents themselves, with all your word circling and underlining saved as you go to review later. This is especially handy when it comes to PDFs, as changes you make are synced（同步）automatically when you have Wi-Fi, so you can move between your Elipsa, PC and phone and keep your notes.With all that said, we can see it really appealing to e-reader fans who also tend to do a lot of work on paper. If you ever print things out to mark them up, fill notepads with writing or drawing that you later have to transcribe or scan, or just wish you could write all over your library books, this could be the device for you.8. Which of the following best describes the Elipsa?A. Automatic.B. Traditional.C. Useful.D. Standard.9. How is a Kobo different from a Kindle in reading?A. A Kindle has a larger screen.B. A Kindle can support more formats.C. A Kobo supports books from various sources.D. A Kobo should be connected to local libraries.10. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Kobos?A Their function in syncing. B. Their function in typing.C. Their function in writing.D. Their function in reading.11. In which section of a newspaper can the text probably be found?A. Education.B. Technology.C. Lifestyle.D. Business.DFairy tales perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problem—solving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI (artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called “Quixote” (堂吉诃德). It collects story plotsfrom the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it can interact with the store keeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指令), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robotwill learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. It’s a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.12. What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?A. They entertain robots.B. They highlight dangers.C. They make robots more intelligent.D. They enable robots to behave morally.13. What is “Quixote” in the text?A. A punishment systemB. A character in literatureC. A big name in technologyD. A software educating robots.14. What does the designer expect robot to do in the experiment?A. To take advantage of its privilege.B. To finish the task most efficiently.C. To perform in a good mannered way.D. To be rewarded by the storekeeper115. Which of the follow can bestexpress the author’s opinion?A. Robots will definitely have more functions.B. Robots with human’s emotions are perfect.C. Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.D. The development of robots is still in a baby step.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市建平实验中学高三英语第三次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AVail Marriott Mountain ResortVail Winter Weather GuideCovered in grand mountains，flashing lights and snowy pines, Vail is perfect for explorers and people who love adventures alike. Whether skiing down the slopes for the first time or the hundredth, this guide will ensure that you're ready for everything this city has to offer.Best Time to VacationDecember through to March tends to be the best time for those interested in skiing down the slopes in style.Know Before You GoMake the necessary preparations and reservations in advance：• Ski and Snowboard Rentals（租赁）：Don't have your own equipment! Vail Sports rents out a variety of skis and snowboards for all ages and abilities, as well as snow shoes and helmets.• Clothing Rentals：For those not interested in purchasing hundreds of dollars of ski clothing for one vacation. Mountain Threads has a rental program just for you, where you can get mountain necessities like coats, pants and goggles（护目镜）.• Suncream：You might not think about getting sunburn, but it happens to skiers and snowboarders every day.• Difficulty levels：It's important to know what level you're at before jumping on a ski lift and heading up the mountain. Use a free trail map and plan the slopes you're going to ski down ahead of time based on the following levels you'll find up the mountain：• Green Circle：These are the easiest slopes.• Blue Square：These indicate average to medium levels.• Black Diamond：The most advanced slopes. Some mountains will feature double black diamonds, indicating even higher difficulty.While Vail is famous for snow sports, you'll find plenty of other fun things to do once the sun goes down oryou are tired. Explore the rest of our website for more information!1. When is the best time to visit Vail if you like skiing?A. In March, April June and DecemberB. In December, February, April and MarchC. In January, February, March and DecemberD. In September, October, November and December2. Before you go to the Vail Marriott Mountain Resort, you will have to take ________with you.A. helmetsB. gogglesC. suncreamD. a trail map3. What will a skiing beginner who wants to enjoy himself prefer to choose?A. Blue SquareB. Black DiamondC Double Black Diamonds D. Green CircleBThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally, college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make our college life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.4. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.5. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.6. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeCThe idea of growing food in a desert would make most people laugh but this is quickly becoming a reality. There are currently two desert farms in the world where quality vegetables are being planted cheaply and easily.Sundrop Farms, based in South Australia, uses experimental greenhouses to grow tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers. The biggest challenge of growing food in a desert, obviously, is the lack of available water. The researchers at Sundrop Farms have gotten aroundthis problemby using the sun to desalinate (淡化) sea water. It can also be used to control the temperature of the greenhouses.Without depending on limited resources such as land and fresh water Sundrop Farms has made farming a practice. This can increase the world’s food supplies. Another benefit ofthis kind of farming is that it can be done anywhere, thus reducing the costs of transporting food to distant locations. Yet another benefit is that it reduces the need for pesticides (杀虫剂).Another experimental desert farm is the Sahara Forest Project, which began in Qatar in December 2012. Greenhouses in the farm are cooled by saltwater. Solar power and other technologies are used together to help make vegetation (植被) grow in the desert environment. As deserts have expanded over recent years around the world due to global warming, this project could solve the problem.The result form the Qatar project were better than expected and in June of 2014, Jordan agreed to host another one. This will be much bigger than the Qatar project and the project members will have even more opportunities to test their experiments on a much larger scale. It is not clear yet that desert farming resents thefuture of farming but these projects have shown some success in the field.8. What does “this problem” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Sea water is bard to purify.B. The desert is short of water.C. The temperature is high in the desert.D. Desert farms aren’t fit to plant vegetables.9. What is one of the characters of desert farming?A. It needs more pesticides.B. It saves delivery costs.C. It has a location limit.D. It solves food waste problems10. What can we know about the Sabara Forest Project?A. It lives up to expectationsB. It can help produce more foodC. It is started to prevent global warmingD. It uses technology to produce saltwater11. What can be inferred about desert farming from the last paragraph?A. It still has problems to solve.B. It represents the future of farming.C. Its early success has aroused interest in it.D. Its aim is to create more job opportunities.DMany of us were delighted to learn that a high school senior Kwasi Enin was accepted to all eight Ivy League universities. To our surprise, he wasn't excited as expected, but appeared extra calm. He announced that he would revisit the universities to find the best suitable in music or medicine. He also wanted to compare their financial aid packages.Kwasi's success story is rare, but his reaction is not. After the admission letters arrive at home, students have 30 days to really think about what kind of school would help them grow as a person, which school would best prepare them for the future, and at which school they would be happiest. And they also have to think about whether they can afford the school they choose.But how to answer the questions about which school is the best suitable university? Some young people are attracted to large universities with great school spirit and a list of offerings. But besides those advantages, many ofthese universities focus on graduate work and research, with undergraduates taught mostly by part-time instructors. Others are attracted to smaller boarding schools with discussion-based classes. But some of these schools will have much limitation for students who want a high-energy city life experience.Many students today seem to think they should pick the university where they will get the diploma that will help them get the most highly paid job. This is a sad misunderstanding of what a college education should provide.A good college education should prepare them to overcome any difficulty andthrivein society. It helps them to form the habit of creative mind and spirit that will continue to develop far beyond their university years. So when you choose college, you should consider if it is filled with useful learning to help create new spaces for different possibilities of growth.12. What can we know about Kwasi Enin from paragraph 1?A. He was from a very poor family.B. He would choose the top university.C. He was too excited to calm himself at the good news.D. He considered his interests when choosing his university.13. What can you infer from paragraph 2?A. Few students can be admitted to university.B. Many students face the choices like Kwasi.C. Top universities are the first choice for most students.D. American students can afford their university by themselves.14. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4?A. FailB. SucceedC. ResearchD. Work15. What should the best university be like according to the text?A. Very large and have good instructors.B. Small boarding schools with discussion-based classes.C. It will offerthe diploma to get the most highly paid job.D. It will help continue to develop far beyond university years.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语下学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAre you looking for somewhere special to go this weekend? Do you want to try something new?Check out one of these hot new restaurants.Fast BestFast food doesn't have to be junk food, as this café proves. Do you fancy a really good hamburger made with the best ingredients, or old-fashioned fish and chips fried to perfection, all on the table in super-quick time? Speed and quality are important here, and the prices aren't bad either.Your Local Caff (小餐馆)Remember when cafés served full English breakfasts—sausages, beans, fried bread, bacon and eggs—with a strong cup of tea? Well, this place still does and you can have your breakfast at any time you like during the day while you listen to your favourite tunes from the 1980s.Last Days of the RajA centrally located Indian restaurant, perfect for eating before or after the cinema or a show. In summer enjoy your meal in the beautiful garden. The most popular dishes are lamb and chicken cooked with mild, medium or hot spices. For brave customers there is extra hot!The Chocolate BoxThe owner of this small café used to cook all kinds of food, but then she realised she preferred desserts to anything else. If you want meat or fish, don't come here. They only do desserts! Lots of different kinds of sweets. Chocolate lovers will be excited by the range of chocolate cakes.1.Fast Best suits a person ______.A.who has a sweet toothB.who loves spicy foodC.who wants to have good breakfastD.who gets 30 minutes off for lunch2.Which is true about Last Days of the Raj?A.You can listen to great music in it.B.It serves hot food with pepper.C.It serves an all-day breakfast.D.It is prefect for vegetarians.3.Which restaurant serves only desserts and sweets?A.Fast Best.B.Your Local Caff.st Days of the Raj.D.The Chocolate Box.BThe idea came to him when he least expected it. Alvin Irby was at a barbershop when he saw one of his former students sitting in the shop with a bored look on his face. That’s when Irby realized that by pairing barbershops and books, he might be able to inspire young boys to read.Alvin Irby, a former kindergarten and first-grade teacher, knows how important it is for young children to read. He also knows that young boys in particular often don’t have adult male role models who inspire them to read. “Many young boys may literally never see a man reading in school during the years when they’re learning to read because there are so few male elementary school teachers,” Irby toldMashable.That’s where the barbershops come in. Four years ago, Irby launched Barbershop Books as a way to not just get books into the hands of young boys, but also to create community reading spaces in a place where kids go frequently. Since itsinceptionin 2013, the program has created kid-friendly reading spaces in 50 barbershops in 12 states throughout the United States.Irby isn’t the first person to see the connection between barbershops and books and boys. Hair stylist Courtney Holmes, launched a program a few years ago offering free haircuts to kids as long as they read to him while he cuts their hair.That’s the kind of environment that Irby wants to promote with his program. The reading spaces created by Barbershop Books help to spark an interest in books by showing kids that reading is about more than just spelling and vocabulary skills, it’s about making reading a low-stress activity that can help them relax, laugh and have fun.“Our belief is that if we can create positive reading experiences early and often for young boys, then they will choose to read for fun,” Irby noted, adding, “This is really what Barbershop Books is about, getting young boys to say three words: I’m a reader.”4. What happened to Alvin when he was at a barbershop?A. He found it easy for young people to get bored.B. He offered a barbershop to his former student.C. He thought of a way to encourage young readers.D. He realized the importance of reading for young boys.5. What is the function of Barbershop Books?A. To attract more customers who love films.B. To provide free haircuts to book lovers.C. To show the influence of reading on children.D. To create a reading environment fbr children.6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. reading is a low-stress activity that is relaxingB. Barbershop Books is only suitable for young boysC. Irby attaches great importance to school educationD. Barbershop Books can arouse (引起) young people’s interest in reading7. What does the underlined word “inception” in the 3rdparagraph mean?A. discovery.B. success.C. popularity.D. beginning.CClara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.8. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.A. the passenger was traveling aloneB. the plane was in a dangerous situationC. the passenger asked for something suddenlyD. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger9. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.10. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A. Kind and caring.B. Warm-hearted and brave.C. careful and calm.D. opened-minded and confident.11. The passage is mainly written to ________.A. tell a touching story of an amazing girlB. show the great importance of American Body LanguageC. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomlyD. show how kind the flight attendant was to help CookDThere is no such thing as a “safe" level of drinking, with increased consumption of alcohol associated with poorer brain health, according to a new study.In an observational study, which has not yet been peer-reviewed, researchers from the University of Oxford studied the relationship between the self-reported alcohol intake of some 25,000 people in the UK, and their brain scans. The researchers noted that drinking had an effect on the brain's gray matter-regions in the brain that make up "important bits where information is processed," according to leadauthor Anya Topiwala, a senior clinical researcher at Oxford.“The more people drank, the less the volume of their gray matter,“ Topiwala said via email. "Brain volume reduces with age and more severely with dementia(痴呆症).Smaller brain volume also predicts worse performance on memory testing,“ she explained. "While alcohol only made a small contribution to this(0. 8%), it was a greater contribution than other "modifiable" risk factors," she said, explaining that modifiable risk factors are “ ones you can do something about, in contrast to aging.”The team also investigated whether certain drinking patterns, beverage types and other health conditions made a difference to the impact of alcohol on brain health. They found that there was no "safe" level of drinking-meaning that consuming any amount of alcohol was worse than not drinking it. They also found no evidence that the type of drink— such as wine, spirits or beer—affected the harm done to the brain. However, certain characteristics, such as high blood pressure, obesity or binge-drinking, could put people at higher risk, researchers added.The risks of alcohol have long been known：Previous studies have found that there's no amount of liquor, wine or beer that is safe for your overall health. Alcohol was the leading risk factor for disease and premature death in men and women between the ages of 15 and 49 worldwide in 2016, accounting for nearly one in 10 deaths, according to a study published in The Lancet in 2018.“It has been known for decades that heavy drinking is bad for brain health," Sadie Boniface, head of research at the UK's Institute of Alcohol Studies, said via email. "We also shouldn't forget alcohol affects all parts of the body and there are multiple health risks. ”12. What is the function of gray matter?A. Control the mount of alcoholB. Process informationC. Scan the brainD. Predict the performance on memory13. Which is NOT true in the following statements according to the study?A. Drinking alcohol is worse than not drinking.B. With people getting older, brain volume reduces.C. Alcohol was the major risk factor for disease and premature death.D. The less people drink alcohol, the more the volume of their gray matter.14. Which is one of the "modifiable" risk factors?A. SmokingB. AgingC. DeathD. Disease15. What is the main idea of the text?A. The mount of alcohol is not related to people's health.B. People drinking alcohol do harm to their brain health.C. People drinking alcohol lead to dementia.D. Theresa great deal of liquor, wine or beer that is safe for health.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海市建平中学2019-2020学年高三10月月考英语试题（解析版）2019-2020学年建平中学高三英语质量检测I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Use a ladder to help her reach the cup. B. See a doctor about her shoulder.C. Put the cup on a lower shelf.D. Buy a new cupboard.2. A. He has already called Harry. B. Harry knows most of the facts.C. He needs to talk to Harry soon.D. Harry doesn’t have a telephone.3. A. The new doctor lacks experience.B. She disagrees with what the man said.C. The man had better talk with the patients first.D. Patients usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.4. A. Take the man to the station. B. Look after the man’s things.C. Find out when the next bus leaves.D. Show the man the way to the station.5. A. He was good at fixing up bookshelves. B. He helpedJames build up the furniture.C. James helped him arrange the furniture.D. James helped him with some of the work.6. A. It’s difficult to take photographs indoors.B. The photo album is in the living room.C. Mary has lost the photo album.D. Mary is a good photographer.7. A. The job’s short hours make it impossible for her to refuse.B. The job is turning into an excellent opportunity for her.C. She’s looking forward to meeting her new colleagues.D. She refused the position because of the low salary.8. A. He had to do what is necessary in order to learn.B. He doesn’t have to memorize all the vocabulary.C. He knows the whole vocabulary list already.D. He cannot learn much by just memorizing.9. A. It’s not the one he likes. B. He needs a smaller shirt.C. It doesn’t fit him very well.D. He has n’t had time to try it on yet.10. A. The line for concert tickets is too busy. B. He’s too busy to go to the concert.C. Carl knows the concert is at eight.D. He hasn’t been able to reach Carl.Section B: Passages 15%Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and one longer conversation and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide whichone would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In the 19th century. B. In about 1800s.C. In the 18th century.D. In about 2400 BC.12. A. The language used. B. The targeted readers.C. The reputation.D. The length.13. A. The evolution of self-study books.B. The importance of self-study books.C. The difference among self-study books.D. The famous writers of self-study books.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The reasons railroad regulations in the U.S.A were changed.B. The safety record of the railroad industry in the U.S.A.C. The financing of railroad construction in the U.S.A.D. The evolution of the railroad industry in the U.S.A.15. A. Safety problems with railroad tracks.B. The growth of the automotive industry.C. The use of oversized freight containers.D. The high cost of meeting various regulations.16. A. It causes less air pollution than other means of transport.B. Its competitors are less considerate of customers.C. It creates great personal fortunes for investors.D. Its business is kept in a traditional way.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following longer conversation.17. A. To earn money for her tuition.B. To make her dream come true.C. To make preparations for her future job.D. To ensure that she has time for acting work.18. A. Serious. B. Funny. C. Experienced. D. Demanding.19. A. It involves many theories. B. He must get an advanced camera.C. He hasn’t learned physics before.D. It occupies much of his spare time.20. A. He is more willing to do something. B. He has stopped working late.C. He can go to sleep early.D. He feels more relaxed.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A。

2019 年上海市高三高考仿真模拟考试英语试卷（三）★祝考试顺利★I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10%)Directions : In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations betweentwo speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about -what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. A waitress.B. An actress.C. A policewoman.D. A driver.【答案】 C2.A. In a furniture store.B. In a restaurant.C. At a bank.D. In a factory.【答案】 B3.A. The good weather tomorrow.B. The vacation plan.C. Getting up early in the morning.D. The possible heavy traffic.【答案】 B4.A. 100 dollars.B. 200 dollars.C. 300 dollars.D. 400 dollars.【答案】 A5.A. She works in a very nice restaurant.B. Restaurant food is dirty and has made her ill.C. Her job involves a lot of business dinners.D. She feels tired when preparing meals at home.【答案】 C6.A. She is at home now.C. She lost her hotel card.【答案】 B7.A. He is asking for leave.C. He is quitting his job. money.【答案】 C8.B. She is a tourist there.D. She doesn ’t know the man.B. He is asking for reasons. D. He is investing time andA. She would rather stay at home listening to CDs.B. She likes to listen to new music CDs.C. She wants the man to buy CDs for her.D. She can get new music CDs for free.【答案】 B9.A. Next Tuesday.B. Next Wednesday.C. Next Thursday.D. NextFriday.【答案】 A10.A. China.B. France.C. Italy.D. Japan.【答案】 ASection B (15%)Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation (s)and short passage (s), and you will be asked several questions on eachof the conversation (s) and the passage (s). The conversation(s) and thepassage (s) will be read twice ， but the questions will be spoken only once. Whenyou hear a question ，read the four possible answers on your paper anddecide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.11..A. A rental apartment usually has a kitchen and a bathroom.B. Rental apartments have no more than two bedrooms.C. One-room apartments are too small to have a bathroom.D. A living room is essential for all the rental apartments12.A. According to the number of bedrooms.B. The prices of all houses or apartments are fixed.C. Based on the location and the quality.D. The owners decide the prices themselves.13.A. Security deposit is equal to two months’ rent.B. It costs you a month’s rent to repair the damage.C. You are required by law to pay rent for a full year.D. You can renew the agreement by reducing the rent.【答案】 11. A 12. C13. AQuestions are based on the following passage.14.A. By staying alert to see something happening in nature.B. By possessing two essential characteristics of great physicists.C. By totally understanding the tricky make-up of the world.D. By succeeding in transferring the skills into the wider social area.15.A. His contributions have advanced progress in the society.B. He suggested and created many modern power systems.C. He laid out important principles in his scientific works.D. His contributed to helping people evolve and survive.16.A. Develop the observation of natural phenomena.B. Help humankind to survive in the world.C. Drive important changes to the society.D. Inspire many other great physicists.【答案】 14. D 15. B16. BQuestions are based on the following passage.17. A. Draw. B. Fold paper. C. Sing. D. Tell stories.18.A. At the age of four.B. At the age of five.C. At the age of six.D. At the age of seven.【答案】 17. B18. BQuestions are based on the following passage.19.A. His college life is too boring.B. Some principles of science are too difficult for him to understand.C. Students can’t quite follow his teaching.D. He can ’t concentrate when talking about some basics.20.A. Freshmen are usually highly motivated.B. Jane White teaches chemistry in college.C. Susan is popular with her students.D. The man will try something new.【答案】 19. C20. DII.Grammar andVocabulary Section A (10%)Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to makethe passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with, a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks ，use one word that best fits each blank.What is an insect? Insects of all kinds have existed on earth formillions of years. Sometimes we think of all insects as pests.Humanlife, however,would have a difficult time continuing without insects,___21___ they pollinate plants and are a food source for many animals. Besides,insects, especially the social ___22___，are fascinating.One very interesting and useful social insect is the honey bee. Bees___23___ (consider) social insects because they live and work together. Thebee lives in a beehive with other worker bees, and with the queen, who canlay thousands of eggs a day. The worker bees make wax used ___24___(create) new cells inside the hive. Humans use this valuable beeswax___25___ candles ，cosmetics,expensive furniture polish,and other products. They also produce honey, a valuable food for humans (as well as for bees).Another fascinating social insect is ___26___ant. Many types of ants live in colonies underground. There thousands of them build and maintaintheir“city ”. They also cooperate to provide food,sometimes in a manner that looks like human. For example,some ants actually raise their own food. One type of ant“farmer ” keeps and cares for tiny insects that suck sweet sap ( 汁液 )from plants.Ant farmers milk them from the sap,just like actual farmers milk cows. The sap is then given as food to young ants and to thequeen, ___27___main duty is to lay eggs. Another type of ant that produces its own food does so by gardening. These farmer ants take pieces of leaves into the colony and chew them up. The soft ， ___28___ (chew)up leaves then sprout (涌出 )a fungus that the worker ants use to feed the queen and young ants.There are many other ways that ants cooperate to maintain and protect their colonies.There are also many other kinds of social insects. ___29___makes them all so fascinating is their organization. ___30___each insect has certain tasks to perform,the entire hive or colony appears to function as one living organism.【答案】 21. because22. ones23. are considered24.to create25.in 26. the27. whose28. chewed29. What30. Although【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期3月月考英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out.So on a chilly January evening last year, the two friends ventured (冒险) onto the frozen pond near their homes in Frankfort, Illinois,(21) (get) a better look. First they cast a rock onto the ice to test it, then they stepped on it. (22) (convince) the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, then … FOOMP. He crashed through the seemingly frozen surface. There was no sound, he just fell instantly.Cruz rushed to help his terrified friend. FOOMP -- the pond swallowed him too. Cruz managed to lift(23) out of the frozen water and onto a more solid section. He then cautiously worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice (24) (not hold), and he fell in again. This time, he couldn’t get out. The boys were up to their necks in icy water and quickly losing feeling in their limbs. There was not much chance (25) they could free themselves from the trouble. Cruz was sure he was going to die.Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys (26)(fall) into the pond and started creaming for help. John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby buoy(浮标)，kicked off his shoes, and ran into the water, (27) (chop) his way through the ice with his free fist. Lavin made his way(28) Cruz and Anthony and pull them back to land. They were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water(29) (lower) their body temperature nearly ten degrees.Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, (30) they are still a little awestruck(惊叹的)by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” says Cruz, “If he hadn’t been there, I would have died.”【答案】21. to get 22. Convinced 23. himself 24. didn’t hold 25. that26. fall 27. chopping 28. to 29. had lowered 30. though/although【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Cast - v. 扔，投，掷2. Convince - v. 使...相信；说服。

2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression that such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss.◆River KayakingThe river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers inNorway.Prices From NOK 850 per person◆RaftingThe most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about8kmof breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.Season Daily May—OctoberPrices From NOK 1,120Info All necessary equipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel.◆Bavallsekspressen Chair LiftExplore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.Season: Sat/Sun 24 June—06 August 12:00-16:00Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250◆HusdyrparkenAt Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feeding and farm competitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the café. You can also visit a small museumwith old farming equipment.Season: Daily 18 June—21 AugustPrices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)1. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Local residents.B. Professional athletes.C. Travel experts.D. Common Tourists.2. Which of the following activities provide instructions for beginners?A. River Kayaking and Rafting.B. Husdyrparken and River Kayaking.C. Rafting and Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift.D. Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift and Husdyrparken.3. How much should Jan pay for a farm trip with her little son and her mother in Voss?A. NOK 240.B. NOK 200.C. NOK 180.D. NOK 120.BWhen I was young, my mother didn't have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4：30 inthe morning.We needevery one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you're not just quitting on yourself, but you're quitting on your country. No one's written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.No one's born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work.You're not a good athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practise.4. What can we learn from the first paragraph？A. The writer's home was very rich.B. The writer's mother was a teacher.C. The writer was born in a poor family.D. The writer didn't like reading books.5. What does the writer want everyone to do by improving their talents and skills？A. To quit on their country to earn more money.B. To help solve the most difficult problems.C. To write their own new destiny by working as a TV star.D. To spend some time writing books about their own life.6. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal？A. Because everyone's future is determined by themselves.B. Because eyeryone's future is to do simple work.C. Because everyone should do their homework.D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.7. How can people realise their great dreams？A. By rapping.B. By playing basketball.C. By being a reality star.D. By working hard.CAs a rider, Anna Kiesenhofe’s Olympics victory might be a surprise. The winner of the road race at the Tokyo Olympics left the sport at the end of 2017 when she found herself out of contract (合同). She came into Tokyo without a professional team and left as an Olympic champion.The 30-year old began her cycling career in 2014 after running injuries that prevented her from continuing her pursuits of triathlon (铁人三项). She later joined a Catalan team and won the Spanish National Cup in 2016.The then-26 year old signedher first professional contract with Lotto Soudal Ladies for the following season. However, she ended her 2017 campaign in April and did not sign a contract for 2018, eventually taking a year off the bike. In 2019, Kiesenhofer came back to the sport as a rider, winning the Austrian national road race. Despite her results, Kiesenhofer sill had no professional contract while going into the Tokyo Olympics.Kiesenhofer was the first rider to attack in the Olympic road race, eventually forming a breakaway along with Carl Oberholzer, Omer Shapira, Vera Looser and Anna Plichta, which went on to reach a gap of 11 minutes. AfterLooser and Oberholzer were dropped, Kiesnhofer ataced her two remaining breakaway companions.After Shapira and Plichta were caught by the peloton (主车群), the rest of the riders seemed to believe that they were racing among themselves for Gold, not knowing that Remehofere was still in front. While it might be a misjudgment from the rest of the peloton that allowed Kiesenhofer to keep her lead of more than two minutes, other riders’ mistakes should not detract from the Austrian’s efforts.Off the bike the new Olympic Champion has a PhD in mathematics after studying at the Technical University of Vienne as well as at Cambridge University. She currently works at the University of Lausanne.8. Why did Anna give up triathlon?A. She got injured.B. She lost interest in it.C. She had to attend university.D. She never won a medal.9. Which is the right order of the following events?①She ended her campaign.②She took a year off the bike.③She began her cycling career.④She won the Austrian national road race.⑤She won the Spanish National Cup.A. ③④①②⑤.B. ②③④①⑤.C. ③⑤①②④.D. ④②③①⑤.10. What were the riders of the peloton unaware of at the Tokyo Olympics?A. The road race was so difficult.B. Anna was a new rider.C. They had caught up with Anna.D. Anna took the lead of them.11. What is Anna’s present job?A. A cycling coach.B. A university teacher.C A professional rider. D. A college student.DSport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress canbe physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one wherevaluable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves.Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youngsters’ performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.12. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is_____________.A. to make sport less competitiveB. to increase their sense of successC. to reduce their mental stressD. to make sport more challenging13. According to the passage, sport is positive for young people in that_____________.A. it can help them learn more about societyB. it enables them to find faults in themselvesC. it can provide them with valuable experiencesD. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves14. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes_____________.A. believing that criticism does good to their early developmentB. without realizing criticism may destroy their self­confidenceC. in order to make them remember life’s lessonsD. so as to put more pressure on them15. According to the passage parents and coaches should_____________.A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportB. help children to win every gameC. train children to cope with stressD. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sport第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期周练英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Stanford Earth professor Jon Payne puts modern extinctions in context (21)_________ comparing them with Earth's five previous mass extinctions."We've found that extinction threat in the modern oceans is very strongly associated with larger body size," said Jonathan Payne, at Stanford's School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences. "This is most likely due to people (22)_________(target) larger species for consumption first."In a new study, (23)_________ (publish) in the Sept. 16 issue of the journal Science, Payne and his colleagues examined the association between extinction threat level and ecological traits (24)_________ _________ body size for two major groups of marine animals -- mollusks and vertebrates -- over the past 500 years and compared it with the ancient past,(25)________(stretch) as far back as 445 million years ago and with a particular emphasis on the most recent 66 million years."We used the fossil record to show, in a concrete, convincing way, that (26) _________ is happening in the modern oceans is really different from what has happened in the past," said study co-author Noel Heim, a postdoctoral researcher in Payne's lab.Specifically, the authors found that the modern era is unique in the extent (27)_________ creatures with larger body sizes are being preferentially targeted for extinction. "What our analysis shows is that for every factor of 10 increase in body mass, the odds of (28)_________(threaten) by extinction go up by a factor of 13 or so," Payne said. "The bigger you are, (29)_________(likely) you are to be facing extinction."The selective extinction of large-bodied animals (30)_________have serious consequences for the health of marine ecosystems, the scientists say, because they tend to be at the tops of food webs and their movements through the water column and the seafloor help cycle nutrients through the oceans.【答案】21. by 22. targeting 23. published 24. such as 25. stretching26. what 27. because 28. being threatened 29. more likely 30. may【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Mass extinction - n. 大规模灭绝，大量消亡2. Be associated with - prep. 与...联系起来，与...有关3. Consumption - n. 消费，消耗，吃，喝4. Ecological trait - n. 生态属性/特性5. Marine - adj. 海洋的，海运的6. Mollusk - n. 无脊椎动物7. Vertebrate - n. 脊椎动物8. Fossil - n. 化石9. Concrete - adj. 具体的，实物的10. Postdoctoral - adj. 博士后的11. In the extent - prep. 在...程度上12. Preferentially - adv. 优先地，优惠地13. Body mass - n. 体质量14. Odds - n. 几率，胜算，可能性15. Selective - adj. 选择的16. Ecosystem - n. 生态系统17. Food webs - n. 食物网络18. Column - n. 柱状物，专栏【试题解析】21题考查状从中介词的搭配，这里空格后面是动名词comparing，前面put发出一个动作，因此是方式状语，“通过比较...和...”，因此填by.22题考查括号中动词的正确形式，主语是people，此处表示主动应该填现在分词，而本句的时态是一般现在时，因此填targeting.23题考查定语从句，主语是a new study，publish作后置定语，加之后面有过去的时间限制，因此填published表示过去完成。

2019-2020学年上海市建平中学西校高三英语第三次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheatre and film fans will be excited about what's on stage and on screen.THEATRE☆Take in a Broadway show at Mirvish Venues. The Grand Theatre hosts plays and musicals in London, Ontario. The building dates back to 1901 and starts a rare architectural feature.☆In the heart of Ontario's bread-basket, treat yourself to uniquely Canadian modern productions at the Blyth Festival in Goderich.☆Ontario becomes popular on the stage as theatre festivals. The Stratford Festival produces classic productions mainly on Shakespeare in Stratford. Works by Bernard Shaw, the founder of social realism in English literature enrich the stage at the Shaw Festival in Niagara-on-the-Lake.FILM☆Expand your mind with great modem, independent film during the Reel Asian FilmFestival or visit the TIFF Bell Lightbox for exhibitions related to film and theatre.☆Making productions that don't reach half an hour by new filmmakers, the Breakthroughs Film Festival provides some of the most video movies.☆Five amazing programs feature films from across the globe during the Durham Region International Film Festival.☆One of the top film festivals in the world, the 'Toronto International Film Festival features everything from mainstream Hollywood productions to international cinema.COMEDY☆For a laugh, head to a comedy club. Absolute Comedy, Second City and Yuks Yuks all specialize in finding your funny bone.☆The Toronto Alliance for the Peforming Arts will keep you up to date on what 's playing onToronto's stages; you can look through their “TOnight” for on-the-go performing arts tickets, reviews and searches on your mobile.1. Where should those preferring realistic dramas go?A. London.B. Stratford.C. Goderich.D. Niagara-on-the-Lake.2. What does the Breakthroughs Film Festival focus on?A. Short films.B. Films across the world.C. Modern films.D. Films by young directors.3. What might “TOnight” be?A. A comedy.B. An application.C. A guidebook.D. An organization.BA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.4. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.5. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.6. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.7. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.CEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation on the value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration.According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.8. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidaysB. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they preferC. gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts9. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.A. receive gifts in returnB. enjoy the feeling of shoppingC. help recipients to save moneyD. better relationships with recipients10. What can we learn from the passage?A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.11. Why did the author write this article?A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.DSimply being quiet is a growing appeal. Lots of business have appeared to meet a rising demand for quiet time, from silent weekend getaways to silent dining, silent reading parties and even silent dating. Silence can mean different things to different people. We are usually silent only with those closest to us. So there is something almost radical(不同凡响的)about the recent trend towards enjoying silence with strangers.Mariel started a regular silent reading party inDundeejust under a year ago. Readers bring their books and meet in a bar, where they read together in silence for an hour or sometimes two and then put their books away to chat and have a drink. “When the reading party starts, everything goes quiet,” says Mariel, “ It’s a little bit surreal (超现实的), especially in what is usually a noisy bar. However, there is something special about sharing the silence with others. It offers a chance to escape from reality; everyone is so busy with work and with technology being ever present. An event like thisgives people the opportunity to escape these things for a while.”Honi Ryan is an artist based inBerlinwho began hosting silent dinner back in 2006. The rules of the dinner are: no talking, no using your voice, no reading or writing, trying to make as little noise as possible, not connecting with technology, and staying for at least two hours. So far she has taken her silent dinner project toMexico, theUS,AustraliaandChina. “It’s evident that the age-old connections we make over food do not depend on the words around it. Silence creates the space for the people and places involved to fill with whatever is needed;itis quite different from our usual social behaviors.”12. Why have lots of silent businesses appeared?A. To satisfy people’s demand for silence.B. To make people get close to each other.C. To appeal to young people.D. To change people’s old way of life.13. What can we learn about Mariel’s silent reading parties?A. Readers can use their voice while reading.B. Readers can be busy with their work.C. Readers can connect with technology.D. Readers can chat and drink after reading.14. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .A. noiseB. spaceC. silenceD. food15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Escape from Reality.B. Enjoying Being Quiet.C. Silent Reading Parties.D. Silent Dining Projects.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。