定语从句的连接词

定语从句和状语从句的连接词总结定语从句和状语从句是汉语句子中常见的两种从句类型，它们在句子中分别起到修饰名词或者修饰句子的作用。

连接词在从句中起到引导从句的作用，帮助构建语法结构。

本文将总结定语从句和状语从句常用的连接词，以及它们在句子中的用法和意义。

一、定语从句定语从句是在主句中充当形容词的从句，用来修饰名词或代词。

常用的连接词有：1. 关系代词（用于指人或事物的定语从句）：- who：指人的主格- whom：指人的宾格- whose：指人的所有格- which：指物- that：指人或物，常用于限制性定语从句例如：The man who is sitting next to me is my brother.坐在我旁边的那个人是我的哥哥。

2. 关系副词（用于指地点、时间、原因或方式的定语从句）：- where：指地点- when：指时间- why：指原因- how：指方式例如：This is the city where I was born.这是我出生的城市。

二、状语从句状语从句用来修饰整个句子或主句的成分，并提供更多的信息。

常用的连接词有：1. 引导时间状语从句的连接词：- when：当…的时候- while：当…时候- as soon as：一…就- before：在…之前- after：在…之后- until：直到例如：I will call you when I arrive.我到达时会给你打电话。

2. 引导条件状语从句的连接词：- if：如果- unless：除非- provided that：只要例如：If it rains, we will stay at home.如果下雨，我们将呆在家里。

3. 引导原因状语从句的连接词：- because：因为- since：因为- as：因为- now that：既然例如：I didn't go to the party because I was busy.我没去参加聚会，因为我很忙。

定语从句语法结构与应用归纳定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它能够在句子中修饰名词或代词，进而给读者提供更多的信息。

本文将对定语从句的语法结构和应用进行归纳总结，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用定语从句。

一、定语从句的基本结构1. 关系词：关系词是引导定语从句的连接词，常见的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。

2. 引导词在定语从句中的作用：- who / whom：用于人。

- whose：用于表示所有关系的人或物。

- which：用于事物、动物等。

- that：既可用于人也可用于事物。

3. 定语从句的位置：定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。

4. 定语从句的结构：- 限制性定语从句：不带逗号，对被修饰的名词有特定的限制和说明作用，不能省略。

- 非限制性定语从句：用逗号隔开，对被修饰的名词进行额外的描述，相当于插入语，可以省略。

二、定语从句的应用1. 人的定语从句：- 关系代词who / whom / whose用于人的定语从句。

例 1：The girl who is playing the piano is my sister.那个正在弹钢琴的女孩是我的妹妹。

例 2：The man whose car was stolen called the police.那个车被偷了的男人打电话报警了。

2. 事物的定语从句：- 关系代词which / that用于事物的定语从句。

例 3：I love the book which I borrowed from the library.我喜欢从图书馆借来的这本书。

例 4：Do you know the factory that produces smartphones?你知道那个生产智能手机的工厂吗？3. 非限制性定语从句：- 非限制性定语从句用逗号隔开，对被修饰的名词进行额外的描述，相当于插入语，可以省略。

例 5：My brother, who is a doctor, works at the hospital.我的哥哥是一名医生，他在医院工作。

定语从句的连接词定语从句是英语语法中的一种从句，用来修饰名词或代词，并提供更多的描述信息。

在定语从句中，连接词起着连接主句和从句的作用。

本文将对定语从句的连接词进行详细介绍和解析。

一、关系代词作1. that：that 可以引导限制性定语从句，既可以修饰人也可以修饰物，常用于指代不可数名词、整体名词或前面提到过的人或物。

例：I have a sister that lives in London.（我有一个住在伦敦的姐姐） This is the book that I borrowed from the library.（这是我从图书馆借来的书）2. which：which 用来引导限制性定语从句，只能修饰物，常用于指代不可数名词、整体名词或前面提到过的物。

例：I have a car which is red.（我有一辆红色的车）This is the house which was built last year.（这是去年建的房子）3. who：who 用来引导限制性定语从句，只能修饰人，常用于指代前面提到过的人。

例：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.（穿红裙子的那个女孩是我的妹妹）He is the doctor who treated my father.（他是给我父亲治疗的医生）4. whom：whom 用来引导限制性定语从句，只能修饰人，在非正式口语中很少使用，多用 who 替代。

常用于指代前面提到过的人。

例：The woman whom I met yesterday is my teacher.（我昨天遇见的那个女人是我的老师）He is the man whom she loves.（他是她爱的那个男人）5. whose：whose 用来引导限制性定语从句，用于指示所属关系，常修饰人或物。

例：This is the girl whose mother is a famous singer.（这个女孩的妈妈是一名著名的歌手）The company whose CEO just resigned is facing financial difficulties.（刚刚辞职的那家公司面临财务困难）二、关系副词作1. when：when 引导时间状语从句，可以用来修饰时间名词。

简单地说，英语复合句所涉及的三大从句为：名词性从句（包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句），形容词性从句（即定语从句），副词性从句（即状语从句）。

1. 引导名词性从句通常有三类词：一类是连接词that, whether, if；另一类是连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which 以及whoever, whomever, whoseever, whatever,whichever；还有一类是连接副词how, when, where, why。

2. 引导形容词性从句（即定语从句）通常有两类词：一类是关系代词that, which, who, whom, as, whose等；另一类是关系副词where, when, why。

3. 引导副词性从句（即状语从句）的叫从属连词。

不同作用的状语从句通常由不同的从属连词来引导。

如：(1) 引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, until, till, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once等。

(2) 引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless, as [so] long as, in case 等。

(3) 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。

(4) 引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so…that, such…that等。

(5) 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。

定语从句连接词which定语从句连接词which用法which是定语从句的关系代词之一。

GMAT语法考试限定，which有且仅有两种用法。

一，which前面有逗号，逗号前面是个名词，which就近指代那个名词。

(1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.which就近指代photos，定语从句中谓语动词did not cheer (Pea up)的发出者即从句主语即先行词photos，是photos没让豌豆家属高兴起来。

(2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.which就近指代photos，photos是定语从句中的宾语，把定语从句还原成一个完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.可以看到，上面两个句子都可以以that为关系代词改写，即(1)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos t hat did not cheer Pea up.(2)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.改写与原版区别在哪儿?就在一个逗号。

which前面是名词，名词和which 之间没逗号的，在GMAT语法里算错。

二，which前面是介词，介词前面是名词，which就近指代介词前的那个名词，名词和介词之间有无逗号均可。

Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.这个句子可以“拆”成如下两句：(每个定语从句都可以拆成两句，以先行词为拆分点)Tankfield once lent Pea a book. Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.先行词实际上是定语从句中介词的宾语，这时，需要把介词提前，避免如下表达：Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)拓展：定语从句中的`that和which用法区别that和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。

定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词在英语语法中，定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词在起连接词的作用，并且在句中充当句子成分。

本文将详细介绍定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词。

一、关系代词关系代词有三个常用的形式，分别是"who"、"which"和"that"。

这些关系代词在定语从句中引导从句，并代替先行词，起到连接从句与主句的作用。

1. "who"用于修饰人，在定语从句中代替先行词，可以作为主语或宾语。

例如：- The man who is standing over there is my brother.（站在那边的那个人是我哥哥）- The girl who we met yesterday is my classmate.（我们昨天遇见的那个女孩是我的同学）2. "which"用于修饰物，在定语从句中代替先行词，同样可以作为主语或宾语。

例如：- The book which is on the table is mine.（桌子上的那本书是我的）- The car which I bought last week is very expensive.（我上周买的那辆车很贵）3. "that"可以用于修饰人或物，在定语从句中代替先行词，同样可以作为主语或宾语。

与"who"和"which"不同的是，"that"使用相对较多，可以用来代替人或物。

例如：- The dog that is barking is very cute.（正在叫的那只狗非常可爱）- The movie that I watched last night was very interesting.（我昨晚看的那部电影很有趣）二、关系副词关系副词有两个常用的形式，分别是"when"和"where"。

英语三大从句：名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句、状语从句一、引导名词从句的连词从属连词that（可用于所有名词从句，一般可省略）、是否whether，if;疑问连词what, which, who/whom/whose;疑问副词when, where, why, how ——带特殊疑问句，陈述句语序（主+谓）、带不定式复合关系代词whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however——无论……二、定语从句引导词关系代词:人who (whom whose[后带名词])；事物which（必须的两种情况：有逗号，有介词）、that、as (such… as…，the same as…, 或者如…：与know, see, report, expect, hear，think, hope, wish, like, want, need 等词连用，一般在句首或者做插入语);关系副词when, where, why ——相当于介词+ which关系形容词whose[后带名词]三、带状语从句的连接词：because[biˈkɔz; (uS) biˈkɔːz] conj. 因为as[əz, æz] ad.& conj.像……一样；如同；因为prep. 作为，当做since [sins]ad. 从那时以来conj. 从…以来，…以后，由于prep. 从…以来for [fə(r), fɔː(r)] prep. 为了…；向…，往…；与…交换；防备…；适合…；因为…；在…期间；对于…；对…来说conj. 因为，由于so [səʊ]ad. 如此，这么；非常；同样conj. 因此，所以so that 以便；所以so…that…such… that…now that 既然；由于in order thatConsidering考虑到（一般在句首）Given 考虑到,鉴于（一般在句首）after[ˈɑːftə(r)]r ad. 在后；后来prep. 在…之后；在后面conj. 在…以后before[biˈfɔː(r)] prep. 在…以前；在…前面ad. 以前conj. 在…之前till [til] conj.& prep.直到,直到…为止until [ʌnˈtil] prep.& conj.直到…为止once [wʌns]n& ad. 一次,一度,从前conj. 一旦while [wail; (uS) hwail] conj.在…的时候,和…同时n 一会儿，一段时间when [wen] conj. 当…的时候ad. 什么时候，何时but [bət, bʌt] conj. 但是，可是prep. 除了, 除……外whatever [wɔtˈevə(r)] conj. & pron无论什么，不管什么however [haʊˈevə(r)] ad. 可是conj. 然而，可是，尽管如此whenever [wenˈevə(r)] conj. 每当，无论何时wherever [weərˈevə(r)] conj. 无论在哪里although[ɔːlˈðəʊ] conj. 虽然，尽管though[ðəʊ] conj. 虽然，可是even though 虽然，即使unless [ʌnˈles] conj. 如果不，除非or [ə(r), ɔː(r)] conj. 或；就是；否则that[ðæt] a.& pron那，那个conj. 那，那个（引导宾语从句等）ad. 那么，那样whether [ˈweðə(r); (uS) ˈhweðər] conj. 是否if [if] conj.如果,假使,是否,是不是provided that 如果；条件是(一般在句首)assuming that 假定…(一般在句首)or [ə(r), ɔː(r)] conj. 或；就是；否则either [ˈaiðə(r)] a. 两方任一方的；二者之一conj. 二者之一；要么……nor[nɔː(r)] conj. 也不neither conj. 也不；既不and[ænd] conj. 和；又；而[ənd,]than[ðen, ðæn] conj. 比even if 即使；虽然as if 犹如，好似as long as 只要；和…一样长so long as 只要英文连接词像胶水一样将相关联的句子连接起来,所以又被称为“胶水词”，胶水词就像英语的骨架一样重要，学会了胶水词，同时拥有词组的累积，你就可以轻松灵活的造出任何需要的长句，让你的英文交流如鱼得水。

定语从句的连接词不可以用what．一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。

2，代替先行词。

3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二.关系代词引导的定语从句指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.}(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

）(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow（三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) We”ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.(6) We”ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of 等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)](2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man with who/that you talked is my friend. (F)(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.}四．关系副词引导的定语从句1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don”t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.、注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where I was born.五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句举例：(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.(2) China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例：(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.((2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.要注意区分以下几个句子的不同(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。

英语定语从句：关系代词、关系副词、who与whom、只用that的情况①定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。

如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.(手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。

)②语法术语：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词；where、when、how称为关系副词。

③关系代词或关系副词的作用：关系代词who、whom和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。

which指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。

定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。

This is the thief (that/who/whom)we have been looking for these days.(这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。

)Please find a room which is big enough for all of us tolive in.(请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。

)关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。

如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago.(这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。

)I can never forget the day when I first saw you.(我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。

)④限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。

非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。

如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of.(她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。