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口腔英语常用词汇Alveolarbone 牙槽骨carcinoma of sinus 上颌窦癌carcinoma of tongue 舌癌cellulitis of the floor of the mouth口底蜂窝织炎cementum 牙骨质dental arch 牙弓dental crown 牙冠dental defect牙体缺损dental necrosis牙坏死dental sac 牙囊dentin 牙本质enamel 牙釉质endodontics 牙体牙髓病学extraction 拔牙术fascial spaceinfection 间隙感染fluoride 氟化物fracture of maxillary上颌骨骨折gum，gingiva 牙龈herpetic stomatitis疱疹性口炎infraorbital space 眶下间隙jaw 颌骨leukoplakia 白斑lichen planus扁平苔藓local anesthesia 局麻mucous cyst 粘液囊肿odontoclasis 牙折oral candidiasis 口腔念珠菌病oral hygiene 口腔卫生oral pathology 口腔病理学oral surgery 口腔外科orthodontics 正畸学osteomyelitis of thejaws 颌骨骨髓炎pediatric dentistry口腔儿科学periodontal ligament牙周韧带periodontal membrane牙周膜periodontics 牙周病学prosthodontics 修复学pterygomandibularspace 翼颌间隙public-healthdentistry 口腔预防医学pulp exposure牙髓暴露pulpectomy 牙骨摘除术pulpitis 牙髓炎pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎radiationosteomyelitis 放射性骨髓炎radicular syst 根端囊肿recurrent aphthae复发性口疮root canal therapy 根管治疗root of tooth 牙根sublingual gland syst舌下腺囊肿sublingual space 舌下间隙submasseteric space嚼肌间隙submaxillary space 颌下间隙tartar 牙石temporomandibularjoint 颞颌关节thrush 鹅口疮tooth decay 龋齿tooth replantation 牙再植术torsion of teeth牙扭转alveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿ameloblastoma 造釉细胞瘤apical infection 根尖感染apical syst 根尖囊肿branchial cleft cyst肋裂囊肿carcinoma of buccalmucos颊粘膜癌carcinoma of gingiva牙龈癌carcinoma of lip唇癌caries 龋齿circumvallate papillae轮廓乳头crown fracture 冠折deciduous teeth 乳牙dental impaction 牙阻生dental plaque 菌斑dental root fracture 根折denticulus，denticle 髓石dentoalveolar abscess 牙槽脓肿drug-inducedgingivitis 药物性龈炎epulis 龈瘤filiform papillae丝状乳头fistula apicalis 根尖瘘管foliate papillae 叶状乳头fungiform papillae 菌状乳头gingival abscess 牙龈脓肿gingivitis 牙龈炎gingivitis inleukemia 白血病龈炎injury of teeth 牙损伤juvenile periodontitis青少年牙周炎luxated tooth 牙脱位lymphoepitheliallesions 淋巴上皮病missing tooth 牙脱失mixed dentition混合牙列mixed tumor ofsalivary gland 涎腺混合瘤mumps 流行性腮腺炎nevi 色素痣occlusion 咬合palate 腭paradontoma 牙周膜瘤parageusia 味觉异常paraglossa 舌肿paraglossia 舌下炎paralalia 出语障碍，构音倒错parotitis 腮腺炎periapical abscess 根尖脓肿periapical disease 根尖周病pericoronitis 冠周炎periodontitis 牙周炎permanent teeth 恒牙pulp horn 髓角root resorption牙根吸收sebaceous cyst 皮脂囊肿sialolithiasis 涎石病sublinguitis 舌下腺炎teeth 牙齿thyroglossal tract cyst 甲状舌管囊肿tongue 舌tooth migration牙移动tooth replacement牙复位toothache 牙痛口唇 Lips:对称 symmetry,颜色color,湿润度moisture,紫绀 cyanosis, 疱疹 herpes.粘膜 Mucosa:颜色 color,色素沉着 pigmentation,溃疡 ulceration.齿龈 Gums:齿龈脓漏pyorrhea,出血 bleeding,齿龈炎gingivitis,齿龈肿胀swelling ofgums.舌 Tongue:颜色color,乳头萎缩papillaryatrophy,溃疡ulceration,扁斜deviation,运动 movement,舌苔coating.无齿的 edentulous,牙齿数目 number present,口腔卫生欠佳或良好hygiene pooror good,牙根 roots,齿髓炎pulpitis,假牙false teeth,龋齿 caries,失去的牙齿missingteeth,修补牙齿 dental repair牙冠crowns,装桥术bridgework,镶嵌inlay,充填filling口臭Halitosis(fetororis; foul or bad breath)基础医学 Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学 Immunology病原生物学Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学Pathology and Pathophysiology麻醉学 Anesthesiology急诊医学Emergency Medicine口腔医学 Stomatology口腔基础医学Basic Science of Stomatology 口腔临床医学Clinical Science of Stomatology 公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preventive Medicine中医学 Chinese Medicine中医基础理论BasicTheories of ChineseMedicine中医临床基础ClinicalFoundation of ChineseMedicine中医医史文献 History andLiterature of ChineseMedicine方剂学Formulas ofChinese Medicine中医诊断学Diagnosticsof Chinese Medicine中医内科学ChineseInternal Medicine中医外科学Surgery ofChinese Medicine中医骨伤科学Orthopedics of ChineseMedicine中医妇科学 Gynecology ofChinese Medicine中医儿科学 Pediatrics ofChinese Medicine中医五官科学Ophthalmology andOtolaryngoloy of ChineseMedicine针灸推拿学Acupunctureand Moxibustion and Tuinaof Chinese medicine民族医学 Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学 Chineseand Western IntegrativeMedicine中西医结合基础医学Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative中西医结合临床医学Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学Pharmaceutical Science药物化学Medicinal Chemistry药剂学 Pharmaceutics生药学 Pharmacognosy药物分析学Pharmaceutical Analysis 微生物与生化药学Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学 Pharmacology 中药学Science ofChinese Pharmacologyoral anesthesiology,oral anesthetics 口腔麻醉学...experimentalstomatology 实验口腔医学...oral andmaxillofacial surgery 口腔颌面外科学dentition n.齿系(齿列、牙列等)，牙齿的加工;出牙,长牙口腔oral cavity龋齿,骨疡dental caries=tooth decay牙周病学periodontaldisease脓溢pyorrhea齿龈 alveolar ridge舌叶，舌面前部 blade舌背 dorsum舌前的Front硬腭 hard palate牙槽脓溢Pyorrheaalveolaris marginalperiodontitis牙周脓溢paradentalpyorrhea去除局部刺激后，仍因牙周袋深而不断排脓垢性牙槽溢脓Schmutzpyorrhea局部卫生情况不良所致，有牙周袋形成的牙周溢脓拔牙extraction =surgical removal牙龈上皮gingivalepithelium结合上皮junctionalepithelium洁治术 oral prophylaxis 结合牙concrescence of tooth角质化细胞Keratinocytes。
第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process腭裂cleft palate分叉舌 bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatineprocess前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管 incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionicplacode施万细胞 Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoicacid syndrome（RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel'scartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊 pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭 primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasalprocess主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白 ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwingepithelial root sheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctionalcomplex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassezepithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白 non-collagenousprotein NSPs内釉上皮层inner enamalepithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dentalepithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落 shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primary epithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforatingfiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiarydentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone,the zone of Weil，Weil层反应性牙本质reactiondentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubulardentin管周牙本质peritubulardentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20 matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondarydentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber,最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamictheory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostaticpotential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contourline of Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobulardentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer ofnerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说directinnervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendriticcells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serine proteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质scleroticdentin透明牙本质transparent dentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes' granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomesprocesses pit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiated mesenchymal cell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellular intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel 细胞牙骨质cellularcementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin 限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP牙本质涎磷蛋白dentin sialophosphoproteins牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction 牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementum growth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementum adhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance of doughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primary dentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crest group牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingival group牙骨膜组dentoperiostealgroup牙间乳头interdentalpapilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingivaljunction牙龈上皮gingvalepithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-richprotein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibulargland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelialcell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucouscell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctionalcomplex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus全浆分泌holocrine-typesecretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?grensyndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilicadenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitive pluripotential salivary duct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcified cartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrous articular surface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia type I白兰地型brandywineisolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacialhyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia;supernumerary teeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluoride enamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcifiedtype过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cuspdeformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossadeformity畸形中央尖central cuspdeformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突densevaginatus of anterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regionalodontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence ofdeciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidrotic ectodermaldysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石waterstreaming round bouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracyclinestained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranial dysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenitalsyphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天内萌出的牙形成不全型hypoplastictype雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1 dentinmatrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein, DSP牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta type II牙变色discoloration of teeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙内陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamel opacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamel hypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamel extension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth延迟萌出retarded eruption遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutansstreptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of thelesion蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytictheory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory坏死崩解层zone ofdestruction获得性薄膜acquiredpellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surfacecaries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说threeprimary factors theory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenictheory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone ofdemineralization唾液薄膜salivarypellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissurecaries细菌侵入层zone ofbacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolar degeneration of theodontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acutesupurative pulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closed pulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerative pulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplastic pulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙内吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulpcalcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticular atrophy of the pulp牙髓纤维性变pulpfibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external toothresorption转化生长因子transfergrowth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapicalgranuloma根尖周炎periapicalperiodontitis急性根尖周炎acuteperiapical periodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acutealveolar abscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoicacids慢性根尖脓肿chronicperiapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronicperiapical periodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonicalveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensingosteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumornecrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleukins,IL白血病性龈增大gingivalenlargement associated withleukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitiswith leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitis associated withendodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginalgingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期establishedlesion剥脱性龈病损desquamativelesion of gingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumaticocclusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquireddeformities and conditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis as amanifestation of systemicdiseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-induced gingivallesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincentgingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroidesforsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizing periodontal diseases基质金属蛋白酶matrix metalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroid hormone-influencedgingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizing gingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusal trauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis慢性龈炎chronicgingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentationfactor,ODF前列腺素E2prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressiveperiodontitis青春期龈炎pubertalgingivitis人类白细胞抗原humanleucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancygingivitis始发期initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T.maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cellgingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathicgingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeintgingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellularadhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental plaque biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familialfibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuseatrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dentalplaque-induced gingivaldisease牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Capno gingivalis牙龈乳头炎papillarygingivitis牙龈退缩gingivalrecession牙周变性periodontaldegeneration牙周病periodontaldisease牙周脓肿abcesses of theperiodontium牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influencedgingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingivalfibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditarygingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingivalcrevicular fluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft;Stillman'S cleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenile atrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclear leukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white foldeddisease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡programmedcell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex地图舌geographic tongue淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythemamultiforme exsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrent aphthous ulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitis mucosa necroticarecurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculation and liquefactionof hasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersederythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenouserythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclearantibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granularerythroplakia口腔 Kaposi肉瘤oralKaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oralnon-Hodgkin lymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairyleukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oralcandidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oralsubmucous fibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichenPlanus Pemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benignmigratory glossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benignmucous membrane pemphigoid硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupus erythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areata exfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitis granulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelial dysplasia舌乳头炎lingualpapillitis嗜碱性变性basophilic degeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticulardegeneration韦格内肉芽肿Wegenergranulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitisglandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benign lymphoadenosis ofmucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermaldendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt'slymphoma不确定细胞indeterminatecell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eatenappearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagicbone cyst穿凿性吸收tunnelingresorption or dissectingresorption穿凿样punched-outappearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bonecyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostotic bibrous dysplasia也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleatestromal cell单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear phagocyte system动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmalbone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiplemyeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiplechondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostotic fibrous dysplasia也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignantosteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid富巨细胞性病变giant cellrich lesion钙化骨mineralized bone孤立性骨囊肿solitarybone cyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitisossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifyingfibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant celltumor of bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraosteal osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseous osteosarcoma骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellous osteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosis of jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws颌骨结核tuberculosis of jaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cell granuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitarymyeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurativeosteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondarycartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondaryhyperparathyroidism家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cysticdisease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia ofthe jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculous osteomyelitis ofjaws静止性骨腔static bonecavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giantosteoid osteoma巨细胞肉芽肿giant celllesions of the jaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giantcell reparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhanscell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhanscell histiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cellhistiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhansgiant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwedisease良性成骨细胞瘤benignoseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitating dendriticcell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞folliculardendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré's chronicnonsuppurative sclerosingostitis Garre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronic osteomyelitis withproliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronic suppurativeosteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic focal sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic diffuse sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglassappearance内生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressive osteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressive ossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifying fibroma 日光放射状(影像) sun-ray肉芽肿性炎症granulomatous inflammation 软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoid fobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullary plasmacyfoma髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewing sarcoma图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseous lesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifying fibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primary hyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compactosteoma致密性骨炎condensingostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreralchondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giant cellgranuloma转化亢进high-turnoverstate棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症XhistiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophytic lipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylarhyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoidgranuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoidarthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoidnodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibular jointdisorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villousprojection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmented villonosdularsynovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive joint disease纤维素样变fibrinoidchange象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonicantigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary gland disease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotentialbicellular reserve cell theory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤 sialoblastoma大细胞癌 large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomalies of ducts导管内乳头状瘤intraductal papilloma导管乳头状瘤ductal papilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinar unit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycysticparotid gland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotential unicellularreserve cell theory多细胞理论multicellulartheory多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-gradeadenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphicadenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignantpleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepitheliallesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivarygland depression放射线损伤radiant impair非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma非特异性透明细胞癌 clearcell carcinoma, not otherwisespecified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwisespecified，NOS分泌组份secretorycomponent副涎腺accessory salivarygland干燥综合征sicca syndrome管状腺瘤canalicularadenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase,PAP汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizing sialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiencysyndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤 Hodgkinlymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basalreserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal celladenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎 acutepyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acutesialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cellcarcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zoneB-cell lymphoma静止骨腔static bonycavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusion disease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidin peroxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complex SABC良性淋巴上皮病变benign lymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps慢性复发性腮腺炎chronic recurrent parotitis慢性涎腺炎chronic sialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-cell lymphoma迷走涎腺aberrantsalivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌 cystadenocarcinoma囊腺瘤 cystadenoma内翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductal papilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌 sebaceous lymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceouslymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceousadenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto'sthyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidin biotin-peroxidasecomplex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillary cystadenomalymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenomapapilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelialmembrane antigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sj?gren'ssyndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilicadenoma透明细胞癌clear cellcarcinoma透明细胞瘤clear celltumor未分化癌undifferentiatedcarcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary glandvirus disease涎腺导管癌salivary ductcarcinoma涎腺导管结石salivaryduct stone涎腺导管囊肿salivaryduct cyst涎腺发育不全aplasia ofsalivary gland涎腺发育异常developmentanomalies of salivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivaryglands涎腺结核tuberculosis ofsalivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary glandcyst涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling ofsalivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenitalabsence of salivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic ofsaIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cell carcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤 haemangioma血型物质blood group substances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoid carcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoid hyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体lectin receptors终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst 鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolarcyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cystof adults发育性根侧囊肿lateralperiodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossaltract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿orallymphoepithelial cyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canalcyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleftcyst上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucousextravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infected buccalcyst下颌正中囊肿medianmandibular cyst涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst腺牙源性囊肿glandularodontogenic cyst新生儿牙板囊肿dentallamina cyst of the newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucusproducing odontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿odontogeniccyst炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oralgastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿 gingival cyst ofinfants釉突 enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinomasyndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucousretention cyst。
第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process腭裂cleft palate分叉舌bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatine process前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionic placode施万细胞Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acid syndrome （RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasal process主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial rootsheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞restingodontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctional complex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白non-collagenous proteinNSPs内釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primary epithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforating fiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiary dentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone, the zone of Weil，Weil层反应性牙本质reaction dentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubular dentin管周牙本质peritubular dentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondary dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostatic potential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour line of Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobular dentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer of nerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说direct innervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendritic cells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serine proteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpal dentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质sclerotic dentin透明牙本质transparent dentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes' granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomes processes pit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiatedmesenchymal cell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellularintrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellularextrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillarcementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel细胞牙骨质cellular cementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP 牙本质涎磷蛋白dentin sialophosphoproteins牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementum growth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementum adhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance of doughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primary dentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crest group牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingival group牙骨膜组dentoperiosteal group牙间乳头interdental papilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingival junction牙龈上皮gingval epithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-rich protein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibular gland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelial cell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucous cell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctional complex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?gren syndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilic adenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitivepluripotential salivary duct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcified cartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrous articularsurface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasiatype I白兰地型brandywine isolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacial hyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia; supernumeraryteeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluorideenamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcified type过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cusp deformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossa deformity畸形中央尖central cusp deformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突dens evaginatus ofanterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regionalodontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence of deciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidroticectodermal dysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石water streaming roundbouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracycline stained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranialdysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenital syphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天内萌出的牙形成不全型hypoplastic type雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentin dysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein, DSP牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta type II牙变色discoloration of teeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙内陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamel opacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamel hypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamel extension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth延迟萌出retarded eruption遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutans streptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of the lesion蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytic theory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory 化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory 坏死崩解层zone of destruction获得性薄膜acquired pellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surface caries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说three primary factorstheory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenic theory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone of demineralization唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层zone of bacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolardegeneration of the odontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurativepulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closedpulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerativepulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplasticpulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙内吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticular atrophy of thepulp牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external tooth resorption转化生长因子transfer growth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapical granuloma根尖周炎periapical periodontitis急性根尖周炎acute periapicalperiodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolar abscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids慢性根尖脓肿chronic periapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronic periapicalperiodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonic alveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensing osteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingival enlargementassociated with leukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitis with leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitisassociated with endodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginal gingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期established lesion剥脱性龈病损desquamative lesion ofgingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumatic occlusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquired deformities andconditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis asa manifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillusactinomycetem comitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-inducedgingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizing periodontaldiseases基质金属蛋白酶matrixmetalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroid hormone-influencedgingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acutenecrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizinggingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusaltrauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familialfibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentation factor,ODF前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressive periodontitis 青春期龈炎pubertal gingivitis人类白细胞抗原human leucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancy gingivitis始发期initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T. maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeint gingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental pla que biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap no gingivalis 牙龈乳头炎papillary gingivitis牙龈退缩gingival recession牙周变性periodontal degeneration牙周病periodontal disease牙周脓肿abcesses of the periodontium 牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditary gingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicular fluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft; Stillman'S cleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenile atrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av 战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体T.medium中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissueinhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white folded disease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex地图舌geographic tongue淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythema multiformeexsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrent aphthousulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitismucosa necrotica recurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculationand liquefaction of hasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersed erythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenous erythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclear antibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granular erythroplakia口腔Kaposi肉瘤oral Kaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oral non-Hodgkinlymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairy leukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oral candidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oral submucousfibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen PlanusPemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benign migratoryglossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucousmembrane pemphigoid硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupuserythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areataexfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitis granulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelial dysplasia舌乳头炎lingual papillitis嗜碱性变性basophilic degeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticular degeneration韦格内肉芽肿Wegener granulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitis glandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benignlymphoadenosis of mucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermal dendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt's lymphoma不确定细胞indeterminate cell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eaten appearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagic bone cyst穿凿性吸收tunneling resorption ordissecting resorption穿凿样punched-out appearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bone cyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostoticbibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleate stromal cell 单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear phagocyte system动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmal bone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiple chondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignant osteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid 富巨细胞性病变giant cell rich lesion钙化骨mineralized bone孤立性骨囊肿solitary bone cyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitis ossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifying fibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant cell tumor of bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraosteal osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseous osteosarcoma 骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellous osteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosis of jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws颌骨结核tuberculosis of jaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cell granuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitary myeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondary cartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondary hyperparathyroidism家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism 假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculousosteomyelitis of jaws静止性骨腔static bone cavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giant osteoid osteoma巨细胞肉芽肿giant cell lesions of thejaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giant cellreparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhans cell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhans giant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwe disease良性成骨细胞瘤benign oseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitatingdendritic cell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞follicular dendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré'schronic nonsuppurative sclerosing ostitisGarre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronicosteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsuppurative osteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicfocal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicdiffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronicsclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglass appearance内生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressiveosteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressiveossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifyingfibroma日光放射状(影像)sun-ray肉芽肿性炎症granulomatousinflammation软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoidfobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullaryplasmacyfoma髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewingsarcoma图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseous lesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifyingfibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primaryhyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compact osteoma致密性骨炎condensing ostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreral chondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giantcell granuloma转化亢进high-turnover state棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症X histiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophytic lipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylar hyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoid granuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoid arthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoid nodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibularjoint disorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villous projection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmentedvillonosdular synovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive jointdisease纤维素样变fibrinoid change象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary gland disease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotential bicellular reserve celltheory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis 波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma大细胞癌large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomalies of ducts导管内乳头状瘤intraductal papilloma导管乳头状瘤ductal papilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinar unit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycystic parotid gland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotential unicellular reserve cell theory多细胞理论multicellular theory多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphic adenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignant pleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepithelial lesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression放射线损伤radiant impair非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS分泌组份secretory component副涎腺accessory salivary gland干燥综合征sicca syndrome管状腺瘤canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizing sialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basal reserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal cell adenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎acute pyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acute sialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cell carcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma静止骨腔static bony cavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusiondisease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidinperoxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complex SABC良性淋巴上皮病变benignlymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps慢性复发性腮腺炎chronic recurrentparotitis慢性涎腺炎chronic sialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosingsialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-celllymphoma迷走涎腺aberrant salivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma囊腺瘤cystadenoma内翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductalpapilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceouslymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceous lymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceous adenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto's thyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillary cystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenoma papilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelial membrane antigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sjögren's syndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilic adenoma透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma透明细胞瘤clear cell tumor未分化癌undifferentiated carcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary gland virus disease涎腺导管癌salivary duct carcinoma涎腺导管结石salivary duct stone涎腺导管囊肿salivary duct cyst涎腺发育不全aplasia of salivary gland涎腺发育异常development anomalies ofsalivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivaryglands涎腺结核tuberculosis of salivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary gland cyst涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling ofsalivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenital absence ofsalivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic of saIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cell carcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤haemangioma血型物质blood group substances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoidcarcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoidhyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体lectin receptors终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizingpleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolar cyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cyst of adults发育性根侧囊肿lateral periodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossal tract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿oral lymphoepithelialcyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canal cyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleft cyst上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infected buccal cyst下颌正中囊肿median mandibular cyst 涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst 腺牙源性囊肿glandular odontogenic cyst新生儿牙板囊肿dental lamina cyst of the newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producing odontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst 牙源性囊肿odontogenic cyst炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oral gastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿gingival cyst of infants釉突enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucous retention cyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤mural ameloblastoma标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤classic intraosseous ameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤cementoblastoma成牙组织dental formative tissue成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma成釉细胞肉瘤ameloblastic sarcoma成釉细胞纤维瘤ameloblastic fibroma成釉细胞纤维肉瘤ameloblatic fibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinsarcoma成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤ameloblasticfibro-odontosarcoma丛状型plexiform pattern丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤unicystic ameloblastoma恶性成釉细胞瘤malignant ameloblastoma反折线reversal line非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生non-neoplastic thickened follicle骨异常增殖症osseous dysplasias混合性牙瘤complex odontoma基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤basal cellameloblastoma棘皮瘤型acanthomatous type畸形malformation极性倒置reversed polarity角化成釉细胞瘤keratoameloblastoma颗粒细胞型granular cell type良性成牙骨质细胞瘤benigncementoblastoma滤泡型follicular pattern玫瑰花样结构rosette-like structure明显的玻璃样变marked hyalinization前成釉细胞preameloblast乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤papilliferouskeratoameloblastoma牙本质生成性影细胞癌dentinogenicghost cell carcinoma牙本质生成性影细胞瘤dentinogenicghost cell tumor牙骨质样组织cementoid牙瘤odontoma牙源性癌odontogenic carcinoma牙源性癌肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性钙化囊肿calcifying odontogeniccyst ,COC牙源性钙化囊性瘤calcifying cysticodontogenic tumor牙源性钙化上皮瘤calcifying epithelialodontogenic tumor; Pindborg瘤牙源性角化囊性瘤keratocysticodontogenic tumour牙源性颗粒细胞瘤granular cellodontogenic tumor牙源性鳞状细胞瘤squamousodontogenic tumor牙源性囊肿恶变malignant change inodontogenic cysts牙源性肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性透明细胞癌clear cellodontogenic carcinoma牙源性透明细胞瘤clear cellodontogenic tumor牙源性纤维瘤odontogenic fibroma牙源性腺样瘤adenomatoid odontogenictumor, AOT牙源性龈上皮错构瘤odontogenicgingival epithelial hamartoma牙源性影细胞癌odontogenic ghost cellcarcinoma牙源性影细胞瘤odontogenic ghost celltumor牙源性粘液瘤odontogenic myxoma牙源性肿瘤odontogenic tumor一般型成釉细胞瘤classic ameloblastoma影上皮细胞ghost epithelial cell原发性骨内癌primary intraosseouscarcinoma原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌primaryintraosseous squamous cell carcinoma粘液瘤myxoma粘液纤维瘤myxofibroma真性牙骨质瘤true cementoma中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）central giantcell lesion （granuloma）周边型peripheral ameloblastoma周边性牙源性纤维瘤peripheralodontogenic fibroma转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤metastasizing（malignant）ameloblastoma组合性牙瘤compound odontoma第十九章口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤和瘤样病变边缘不规则border irregularity不对称asymmetry车轮状-多形性storiform-pleomorphic成人型纤维肉瘤adult fibrosarcoma成釉细胞癌ameloblastic carcinoma丛状血管瘤tufted angioma又称进展性毛细血管瘤(progressive capillaryhemangioma)、Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤（angioblastoma of Nakagawa）动静脉性血管瘤arteriovenoushemangioma多形性组织细胞增生症polymorphichistocytosis,PH恶性黑色素瘤malignant melanoma恶性淋巴瘤malignant lymphoma恶性雀斑样痣lentigo melanoma恶性肉芽肿malignant granuloma恶性纤维组织细胞瘤malignant fibroushistocytoma,MFH （多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化高级别多形性肉瘤(pleomorphic malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiated high gradepleomorphic sarcoma)；巨细胞型称为巨细胞恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴巨细胞的未分化多形性肉瘤（giant cell malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with giant cell）；炎症型称为炎症性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴有明显炎症反应的未分化多形性肉瘤（inflammatorymalignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphicsarcoma with prominent inflammation）；粘液型被归在纤维母细胞/肌纤维母细胞性肿瘤中,称为粘液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrsarcoma)；血管瘤样型则归为分化不确定的肿瘤中，称为血管瘤样纤维组织细胞瘤（angiomatoidfibrous hisiocytoma））非霍奇金淋巴瘤non- Hodgkinlymphoma,NHL分叶状纤维瘤leaf-fibroma复合痣compound naevus汞纹amalgamtatoo海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma黑色素瘤melanoma黑色素胚前瘤menotic progonoma黑素细胞痣melanocytic naevus化脓性肉芽肿pyogenic granuloma霍奇金病Hodgkin disease,HD棘层松解性鳞状细胞癌acantholytic。
鼻凹 nasal pit鼻板 nasal placode鼻腭管 naso-palatal canal鼻鳍 nasal fin侧腭突 lateral palatal process ，也称继发腭( second palate )，腭突( palatine shelf )第一鳃弓软骨 Meckel's cartilage 额鼻突frontonasal process 腭裂 cleft palate分叉舌 bifid tongue ，也称舌裂( cleft tongue ， split tongue )颌裂 cleft jaw继发腭 secondary palate颊咽膜 orapharyngeal membrane 甲状舌管 thyroglossal duct 界沟 sulcus terminalis 颈窦 cervical sinus 口凹 oral pit 口咽膜 orapharyngeal membrane 拉特克囊 Rathke's pouch ，也称神经颊囊( craniobuccal pouch )，颅颊囊( craniopharyngeal pouch )联合 merge 联合突 copula 面裂 facial cleft 模式发育 patterning 奇结节 tuberculum impar 前腭突 median palatine process 前脑单脑室畸形 Holoprosencephaly 切牙管incisive canal 球状突 globular process 融合 fuse 鳃弓 branchial arch 鳃沟 branchial groove 上颌突 maxillary process 舌盲孔foramen cecum神经节原基 ganglionic placode施万细胞 Schwann 细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征 retinoic acid syndrome (RAS,妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨 Meckel's cartilage嗅板 olfactory placode嗅窝 nasal pit咽囊 pharyngeal pouch 也称鳃囊原发腭 primary palate原口 stomadeum中鼻突 medial nasal process主动脉的 conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖 glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞 odontoblast成釉蛋白 ameloblastin成釉器 enamel organ成釉细胞 ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞 secretoryodontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘 Hertwing epithelialroot sheath基质小泡 matrix vesicle颈环 cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞 resting odontoblast蕾状期 bud stage连接复合体 junctional complex 马拉瑟上皮剩余 Malassez epithelial rest帽状期 cap stage萌出 eruption非胶原蛋白 non-collagenous protein 内釉上皮层 inner enamal epithelium 前成牙本质细胞 preodontoblast 前期牙本质 predentin缩余釉上皮 reduced dentalepithelium托姆斯突 Tomes processe脱落 shedding 交替外釉上皮层 outer enamal epithelium星网状层 stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头 dental papilla引导管 gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白 tuftelin釉结enamel k not釉龛enamelniche釉索enamel c ord釉质形成 amelogenesis原发性上皮带 primary epithelialband罩牙本质 mantle dentin中间层 stratum intermedium终棒 terminal web钟状期 bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白 vitronectin ，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞 fibroblast成牙本质细胞 odontoblast 成牙本质细胞突起 odontoblastic process ，也称 "Tomes'fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白 ameloblastin穿通纤维 perforating fiber蛋白酶 proteinases第一章口腔颌面部发育神经嵴 neural crest NSPs第三期牙本质 tertiary dentin 芮氏线 lines of Retzius ，釉质生长线修复性牙本质 reparative dentin多细胞层 cell-rich zone 沙比纤维 Sharpey's fiber ，穿通纤维牙本质 dentin乏细胞层 cell-free zone, the zone of 神经壁层 parietal layer of nerves ，牙本质磷蛋白 dentin phosphophoryn ；Weil ， Weil 层Raschkow 丛dentin phosphoproteins ， DPP反应性牙本质 reaction dentin 神经传导学说 direct innervation 牙本质生长线 von Ebner 1ine反转线 reversal line theory 牙本质涎蛋白 dentin sialoprotein ，非釉原蛋白 non-amelogenins 生长激素抑制素 somatostatin DSP缝隙连接 gap junction 生长线 incremental lines ，同芮氏线牙本质涎磷蛋白 dentin骨钙素 osteocalcin 施雷格线 Schreger line sialophosphoproteins骨连接素 osteonectin 树突状细胞 dendritic cells 牙本质小管 dentinal tubule骨桥蛋白 osteopontin 双糖链蛋白聚糖 biglycan 牙本质牙骨质界 dentino-cemental骨样牙本质 osteodentin 丝氨酸蛋白酶 serine proteinases junction固有牙髓 pulp proper （ kallikrein-4 ）牙骨质 cementum管间牙本质 intratubular dentin 死区 dead tract 牙骨质生长因子 cementum growth管周牙本质 peritubular dentin 髓核 pulp core factor核心蛋白聚糖 decorin 髓周牙本质 circumpulpal dentin 牙骨质粘附蛋白 cementum adhesion 横纹 cross striations 糖胺聚糖 glycosaminoglycans protein基质金属蛋白酶 20 matrix 透明层 hyaline layer 牙面平行线 perikymata ，也称釉面横纹metalloproteinases 20 ， MMP20 透明牙本质 sclerotic dentin 牙髓 dental pulp继发性牙本质 secondary dentin ，牙发透明牙本质 transparent dentin 牙髓牙本质复合体 pulpo-dentinal育完成之后形成的牙本质托姆斯颗粒层 Tomes' granular layer complex腱蛋白 tenascin 托姆斯突凹 Tomes processes pit ， TPP 牙釉质 enamel绞釉 gnarled enamel 微孔 micropore 牙釉质溶解蛋白 enamelysin紧密连接 tight junction 未分化间充质细胞 undifferentiated 牙釉质牙本质界 enamel-dentinal科尔夫纤维 Korff's fiber, 最先形成mesenchymal cell junction （ EDJ）的牙本质纤维无细胞固有纤维牙骨质 acellular 牙釉质牙骨质界 enamelo-cemental类牙骨质 cementoid intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC junction流体动力学说 hydrodynamic theory 无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质 acellular 油炸圈样 appearance of doughnut磨损 abrasion, attrition extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC 有细胞固有纤维牙骨质 cellular纳米球 nanospheres 无细胞无纤维牙骨质 acellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC耐龋潜能 cariostatic potential afibrillar cementum, AAC 有细胞混合性分层牙骨质 cellular脑啡肽 enkephalin 无细胞牙骨质 acellular cementum mixed stratified cementum, CMSC诺伊曼鞘 Neumann sheath 无釉柱牙釉质 rodless enamel 釉板 enamel lamellae欧文线 Owen line （加重的牙本质生长细胞牙骨质 cellular cementum 釉丛 enamel tufts线），也称 "contour line of Owen" 纤维粘连蛋白 fibronectin 釉丛蛋白 tuftelin前期牙本质 predentin 限制板 lamina limitans 釉蛋白 enamelin桥粒 desmosome 楔状缺损 wedge shaped defect 釉帽 enamel cap球间牙本质 interglobular dentin 新生线 neonatal line 釉面横纹 perikymata ，也称牙面平行线釉梭 enamel spindle釉小皮 enamel cuticle釉牙本质界 enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ）釉原蛋白 amelogenins釉柱 enamel rod釉柱鞘 enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质 primary dentin ，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原 tropocollagen灶性孔 focal hole, FH罩牙本质 mantle dentin中间连接 intermediate junction 中间牙骨质intermediate cementum 重塑 remodeling 转导学说 transduction theory组织细胞 histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维 oxytalan fibers弹力纤维 elastin fibers点彩 stippling凋亡 apoptosis附着龈 attached gingiva根尖组 apical group根间组 interradicular group固有牙槽骨 alveolar bone proper环行组 circular group结合上皮 junctional epithelium束骨 bundle bone水平组 horizontal group斜行组 oblique group牙槽骨 alveolar bone牙槽嵴组 alveolar crest group牙槽突 alveolar process牙槽龈组 alveologingival group牙骨膜组 dentoperiosteal group牙间乳头 interdental papilla牙龈 gingiva牙龈结合 dentogingival junction 牙龈上皮gingval epithelium 第六章涎腺半月板 demilune 胞吐 exocytosis 杯状细胞 goblet cell 储备细胞 reserve cell锇酸 osmic acid 分泌单位 secretoryunit 分泌管 secretory duct 富脯氨酸蛋白 proline-rich protein 富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-rich protein 干细胞 stem cell高血糖素样蛋白 glucogon-like protein颌下腺 submandibular gland 混合性腺泡 mixed acinus 肌动蛋白 actin 肌球蛋白 myosin 肌上皮细胞 myoepithelialcell 肌微丝 myofilament 浆液性腺泡serous acinus 浆粘液细胞 seromucouscell 晶样体 crystalloid 局浆分泌merocrine 抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞 basket cell 连接复合体junctional complex 酶原颗粒zymogen granule 排泄管 excretoryduct 粘多糖 mucin 粘液性腺泡mucous acinus 全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion 乳铁蛋白lactoferrin 闰管 intercalated duct 腮腺 parotid gland腮腺导管 Stensen duct腮腺素 parotin舌下腺 sublingual gland舍格伦综合征 Sj?gren syndrome肾素 rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤 oncocytoma嗜酸细胞 oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤 oxiphilic adenoma唾液 saliva唾液腺 salivary gland味觉素 gustin纹管 striated duct涎液素 ptyatin腺泡 acinus小涎腺 minor salivary gland 原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞 primitive pluripotential salivaryduct cells致密小体 dense body组氨酸 histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带 cellularrich zone钙化软骨带 zone of calcifiedcartilage关节囊 capsule关节盘 disc滑膜 synovial membrane髁突 condyle颞下颌关节 temporo-mandibular joinTMJ纤维软骨带 fibrocartilaginous zone 纤维性关节表面带 fibrous articular surface第八章牙发育异常II 型牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasia typeII ，冠部牙本质结构不良I 型牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasiatype I 四环素牙 tetracycline stained teeth 遗传性乳光牙本质 hereditary白兰地型 brandywine isolate ，牙本质锁骨颅骨发育不全征 cleidocranial opalescent dentin形成缺陷的一种dysplasia ；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良阴影牙 ghost teeth ，区域性牙发育不斑釉 mottled enamel 胎生牙 natal teeth ，出生时即已萌出良半面过度增生 hemifacial hyperplasia 的牙鹰爪尖 talon cusp成熟不全型 hypomatuaration type 特纳牙 Turner's teeth ，与乳牙有关的釉珠 enamel pearl低磷酸酯酶症 hypophosphatasia 感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，远中磨牙 distomolar多生牙 hyperdontia; supernumerary 导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全早萌 premature eruptionteeth 弯曲牙 dilacerations 正中牙 mesiodens非氟性牙釉质浑浊症 non-fluoride 无牙 adontiaenamel opacities 先天性梅毒牙 congenital syphilis 第九章龋病氟牙症 dental fluorosis 小牙 microdontia 暗层 dark zone附加牙 supplemental teeth 新生牙 noenatal teeth ，出生后 30 天变形链球菌 mutans streptococci; S.副磨牙 paramolar 内萌出的牙mutans钙化不全型 hypocalcified type 形成不全型 hypoplastic type 表层 surface zone过早脱落 premature loss 雪帽型 snow-capped 病损体部 body of the lesion畸形舌侧尖 lingual cusp deformity 牙本质基质蛋白 1 dentin matrix 蛋白溶解－螯合学说畸形舌侧窝 lingual fossa deformity protein 1, DMP1 proteolysis-chelation theory畸形中央尖 central cusp deformity 牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasia 蛋白溶解学说 proteolytic theory结合牙 concrescence 牙本质涎蛋白 dentin sialoprotein, 发酵乳杆菌 L. fermentus巨牙 macrodontia DSP 放线菌属 actinomyces壳状牙 shell-teeth 牙本质形成缺陷症 II 型干酪乳杆菌 L. casei矿化不全型 hypomineralized type dentinogenesis imperfecta type II 根龋 root caries牛牙症 taurodontism 牙变色 discoloration of teeth 化学寄生学说 chemico-parasitic前牙的牙外突 dens evaginatus of 牙骨质发育不全 hypocementosis theoryanterior teeth 牙骨质过度增生 hypercementosis 化学细菌学说 chemico-bacterial区域性牙发育不良 regional 牙内陷 dens invaginatus theoryodontodysplasia ，阴影牙牙釉质混浊症 enamel opacities 坏死崩解层 zone of destruction融合牙 fusion 牙釉质矿化不全 hypomineralized 获得性薄膜 acquired pellicle ，唾液乳牙滞留 persistence of deciduous enamel 薄膜teeth 牙釉质形成不全 enamel hypoplasia 急性龋 acute caries桑椹牙 mulberry molar 牙釉质形成缺陷症 amelogenesis 静止性龋 arrested caries少汗外胚层发育不良 hypohidrotic imperfecta 菌斑 bacterial plaqueectodermal dysplasia 牙釉质延伸 cervical enamel 慢性龋 chronic caries少牙 hypodontia extension 猛性龋 rampant caries双生牙 gemination 牙中牙 dens in dente 内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii水流围绕圆石 water streaming round 牙阻生 impaction of teeth 平滑面龋 smooth surface caries bouldings ，根部牙本质结构不良的表现延迟萌出 retarded eruption 轻链球菌 S. mitis乳杆菌属Lactobacilli 三联因素学说three primary factorsTNFdegeneration of the 急性化脓性牙髓炎pulpitis 急性浆液性牙髓炎pulpitis 急性牙髓炎可复性牙髓炎odontoblastic layer acute supurativeacute serousacute pulpitisreversible pulpitis periodontitis急性牙槽脓肿磷脂壁酸acute alveolar abscesslipoteichoic acids慢性闭锁性牙髓炎pulpitis 慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic closedchronic ulcerative慢性根尖脓肿abscess慢性根尖周炎periodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿abscess肽葡聚糖chronic periapicalchronic periapicalchonic alveolarpeplidoglyansnon-plaque-induced gingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus ，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizingperiodontal diseases慢性增生性牙髓炎 chronichyperplastic pulpitistheory嗜酸乳杆菌 L. acidophilus酸原学说 acidogenic theory透明层 translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层 zone of demineralization 唾液薄膜salivary pellicle ，获得性薄膜窝沟龋 pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层 zone of bacterial invasion血链球菌 S. sanguis牙本质龋 dentin caries牙骨质龋 cementum caries牙釉质龋 enamel caries远缘链球菌 S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus逆行性牙髓炎 retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins ， PGs特发性吸收idiopathicresorption牙内吸收internal toothresorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死 necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩 reticular atrophy ofthe pulp牙髓纤维性变 pulp fibrosis 牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收 tooth resorption 牙外吸收external tooth resorption 转化生长因子 transfer growth第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素 interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大 gingival enlargementassociated with leukemia伴白血病性龈炎 gingivitis withleukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎 periodontitisassociated with endodontic lesions边缘性龈炎 marginal gingivitis变性 degeneration病损确立期 established lesion剥脱性龈病损 desquamative lesion ofgingival创伤 trauma创伤性咬合 traumatic occlusion蛋白酶 proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况第十章牙髓病白三烯 leukotrienes ， LTs 白细胞介素 interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎 irreversible pulpitis残髓炎 residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性 vacuolarfactor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎 cellulitis 根尖肉芽肿periapical granuloma 根尖周炎periapical periodontitis 急性根尖周炎acute periapical developmental oracquired deformities and conditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎 periodontitis as amanifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌 Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans ， Aa 非菌斑性牙龈病损metalloprotinases ，MMP hyperplasia 龈沟液gingival crevicular激素性龈炎 steroidhormone-influenced gingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎 acutenecrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizinggingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusal trauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis浆细胞龈炎 plasma cell gingivitis 胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶 metalloproteinases 进展期advanced lesion聚集 aggregation菌毛 fimbriae老年性萎缩 senile atrophy 硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase 慢性牙周炎 chronic periodontitis 慢性龈炎 chronic gingivitis 密螺旋体属 Treponema 破骨细胞分化因子osteoclastdifferentation factor,ODF前列腺素 E2 prostglandinE2 ， PGE2侵袭性牙周炎 aggressiveperiodontitis青春期龈炎 pubertal gingivitis人类白细胞抗原 human leucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎 pregnancy gingivitis始发期 initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体 T. maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎 fusospirochetalgingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎 idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生 idiopathic gingival透明质酸酶 hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白 mucin维生素 C 缺乏性龈炎 vitamin Cdeficeint gingivitis萎缩 atrophy细胞因子 cytokine细胞粘附分子 cellular adhesion molecules ， CAM细菌性生物膜 dental pla que biofilm 先天性家族性纤维瘤病 congenital familialfibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophyofalveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病 dental plaque-inducedgingival disease牙龈病 gingival diseases 牙龈卟啉单胞菌 Porphyromonas gingivalis ，牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap nogingivalis牙龈乳头炎 papillary gingivitis牙龈退缩 gingival recession 牙周变性periodontal degeneration 牙周病periodontal disease 牙周脓肿 abcessesof the periodontium牙周炎 periodontitis牙周症 periodontosis炎症 inflammation咬合创伤 occlusal trauma 药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病 hereditarygingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生 hereditary gingivalhyperplasia龈袋 gingival pocketfluid,GCF龈裂 gingival cleft; Stillman'Scleft龈增生 gingival hyperplasia营养不良 dystrophy营养不良性 dystrophic早老性萎缩 presenile atrophy早期病变 early lesion粘附 adhesion粘性放线菌 Actinomyces viscosus ， Av战壕口炎 trench mouth脂多糖 lipopolysaccharedes ， LPS中间密螺旋体中性多形核白细胞 polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN肿瘤 neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-a tumor necrosisfactor- a, TNF-a组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂 tissueinhibitors of metalloproteinase ， TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病 AIDS白斑 leukoplakia白塞综合征 Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣 white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌 candida albicans白色水肿 leukoedema白皱折病 white folded disease斑 macule扁平苔藓 lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡 programmed cell death大疱 bulla单纯性疱疹 herpes simplex地图舌 geographic tongue淀粉样变性 amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑 erythema multiforme lymphoma 天疱疮细胞 Tzanck cellexsudativum 口腔毛状白斑 oral hairy 网状变性 reticular degeneration非典型性 atypia leukoplakia , OHL 韦格内肉芽肿Wegenergranulomatosis非霍奇金淋巴瘤 non-Hodgkin lymphoma 口腔念珠菌病 oral candidiasis 萎缩 atrophy复发性阿弗他口炎 recurrent aphthous 口腔粘膜下纤维化oral submucous 细胞凋亡 cell apoptosisstomatitis,RAS fibrosis 腺性唇炎 cheilitis glandularis复发性阿弗他溃疡 recurrent aphthous 溃疡 ulcer 肖曼小体 Schauann bodies ,多核巨细ulcer ， RAU 类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen Planus 胞内的包涵体复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎Pemphigoides,LPP 眼、口、生殖器三联综合征periadenitis mucosa necrotica 良性游走性舌炎 benign migratory oculo-oral-genital syndrome recurrens ， PMNR glossitis 增殖性红斑 erythroplasia过度不全角化 hyperparakeratosis 良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucous 粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benign过度角化 hyperkeratosis membrane pemphigoid lymphoadenosis of mucosa过度正角化 hyperorthokeratosis 硫黄素 T thioflavine T 周缘扩展现象 Nikolsky 征海绵形成 spongiosis 慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid红斑 erythroplakia lupus erythematosus 第十四章颌骨疾病红色增殖性病变 erythroplastic 梅一罗综合征 Melkersson-Rosenthal 板层骨 lamellar bonelesion syndrome 表皮树突状细胞 dermal dendrocyte获得性免疫缺陷综合征 acquired 糜烂 erosion 伯基特淋巴瘤 Burkitt's lymphoma immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋念珠菌病 candidiasis 不确定细胞 indeterminate cell病疱 vesicle 成软骨细胞瘤 chondroblastoma基底细胞空泡性变及液化 vaculation 疱疹性口炎 herpetic stomatitis 虫蚀状 moth-eaten appearanceand liquefaction of hasal cell 气球变性 ballooning degeneration 出血性骨囊肿 hemorrhagic bone cyst棘层松解 acantholysis 桥粒芯胶粘蛋白 desmocollins 穿凿性吸收 tunneling resorption or棘层增生 acanthosis 桥粒芯糖蛋白 desmogleins dissecting resorption痂 crusts 丘疹 papule 穿凿样 punched-out appearance假膜 pseudomembra ne,伪膜区域剥脱性舌炎 glossitis areata 单纯性骨囊肿 simple bone cyst间杂型红斑 interspersed exfoliativa 单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostotic erythroplakia 人免疫缺陷病毒 human bibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构胶样小体 colloid body , Civatte 小体immunodeficiency virus , HIV 不良角化不良 dyskeratosis 肉芽肿性唇炎 cheilitis 单核基质细胞 mononucleate stromal结节病 sarcoidosis granulomatosa cell均质型红斑 homogenous erythroplakia 上皮萎缩 epithelial atrophy 单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear皲裂 rhagade 上皮异常增生 epithelial dysplasia phagocyte system抗核抗体 antinuclear antibody , ANA 舌乳头炎 lingual papillitis 动脉瘤性骨囊肿 aneurysmal bone cyst 颗粒型红斑 granular erythroplakia 嗜碱性变性 basophilic degeneration 多发性骨髓瘤 multiple myeloma口腔 Kaposi 肉瘤 oral Kaposi sarcoma 噬黑色素细胞 melanophages 多发性软骨瘤病 multiple口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oral non-Hodgkin 天疱疮 pemphigus chondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症 polyostotic 汉- 许- 克病Langerhans cell histiocytosis ，同郎格fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease 汉斯细胞病( Langerhans cell disease )不良颌骨放线菌病 actinomycosis of jaws 朗汉斯巨细胞 Langhans giant cell恶性成骨细胞瘤 malignant 颌骨骨髓炎 osteomyelitis of jaws 勒-雪病 Letterer-Siwe disease osteoblastoma 颌骨结核 tuberculosis of jaws 良性成骨细胞瘤 benign oseoblastoma 腭隆突 torus palatinus 颌骨巨细胞病变 giant cell granuloma 淋巴结的交错突细胞 interdigitating放射性骨坏死 osteoradionecrosis 颌骨梅毒 syphilis of jaws dendritic cell非钙化骨样组织 unmineralized 弧立性骨髓瘤 solitary myeloma 硫磺颗粒 sulfur granuleosteoid 化牙骨质纤维瘤 cementifying fibroma 滤泡树枝状细胞 follicular dendritic富巨细胞性病变 giant cell rich 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎 acute celllesion suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws 慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garr G s钙化骨 mineralized bone 继发软骨 secondary cartilage chronic nonsuppurative sclerosing孤立性骨囊肿 solitary bone cyst 继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进 secondary ostitis Garre骨化性骨膜炎 periostitis ossificans hyperparathyroidism 慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronic 骨化性纤维瘤 ossifying fibroma 家族性颌骨多囊性病 familial osteomyelitis with proliferative骨巨细胞瘤 giant cell tumor of bone，mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws periostitisGCT 家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症 familial 慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronic骨壳 involucrum fibrous dysplasia of the jaws suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws骨瘤 osteoma 家族性巨颌症 cherubism 慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic 骨膜骨肉瘤 periosteal osteosarcoma 甲状旁腺功能亢进focal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws骨膜下骨吸收 subperiosteal bone Hyperparathyroidism 慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic resorption 假囊肿 pseudocyst diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of骨旁骨肉瘤 paraosteal osteosarcoma 间叶型软骨肉瘤 mesenchymal jaws骨肉瘤 osteosarcoma chondrosarcoma 慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic骨软骨瘤 osteochondroma 浆细胞瘤 plasmacytoma sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws骨软骨性外生骨疣结核性颌骨骨髓炎 tuberculous 磨砂玻璃样 groundglass appearance osteocartilaginous exostosis osteomyelitis of jaws 内生型软骨瘤 enchondroma骨髓瘤 myeloma 静止性骨腔 static bone cavity 破骨细胞瘤 osteoclastoma骨外骨肉瘤 extraosseous 巨大型骨样骨瘤 giant osteoid 侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressive osteosarcoma osteoma osteoblastoma骨外型软骨肉瘤 extraosseous 巨细胞肉芽肿 giant cell lesions of 侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressive chondrosarcoma the jaws ossifying fibroma骨纤维结构不良 fibrous dysplasia of 巨细胞修复性肉芽肿 giant cell 青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenilebone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症reparative granuloma ossifying fibroma骨小梁周围纤维化 peritrabecular 郎格汉斯细胞病 Langerhans cell 日光放射状（影像） sun-rayfibrosis disease ，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症肉芽肿性炎症 granulomatous骨样骨瘤 osteoid osteoma ( Langerhans cell histiocytosis ) inflammation海绵型骨瘤 cancellous osteoma 郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症软骨瘤 chondroma软骨颅 chondrocranium （染色体）三体 trisomy 艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病软骨肉瘤 chondrosarcoma 垂直裂 vertical cleft HIV-associated salivary gland disease 软骨粘液样纤维瘤 chondromyxoid 错颌 malocclusion 暗细胞 dark cellsfobroma 骨剥露 denudation 奥辛兰 Alcian blue上皮样细胞 epithelioid cell 骨关节病 osteoarthrosis 半多能双储备细胞理论嗜酸性肉芽肿 eosinophilic granuloma 骨关节炎 osteoarthritis,OA semipluripotential bicellular reserve 树突状细胞系统 dendritic cell 骨赘性唇状突出 osteophytic lipping cell theorysystem 滑膜软骨瘤病 synovial 伴淋巴间质的未分化癌死骨 sequestrum osteochondromatosis undifferentiated carcinoma with髓外浆细胞瘤 extramedullary 髁突增生 condylar hyperplasia lymphoid stromaplasmacyfoma 类风湿肉芽肿 rheumatoid granuloma 变性型涎腺肿大症 degenerative髓外性尤文肉瘤 extramedullarg Ewing 类风湿性关节炎 rheumatoid sialosissarcoma arthritis ， RA 波形丝蛋白 vimnentin图顿巨细胞 Touton giant cell 类风湿性小结 rheumatoid nodule 成涎细胞瘤 sialoblastoma外伤性骨囊肿 traumatic bone cyst 颞下颌关节紊乱病 temporomandibular 大细胞癌 large cell carcinoma外生骨疣 exostosis joint disorders 导管发育异常 developmental下颌隆突 torus mandibularis 切线裂 tangential cleft anomalies of ducts纤维 - 骨病变 fibro-osseous lesion 绒毛状突起 villous projection 导管内乳头状瘤 intraductal新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎 neonatal 色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎 pigmented papillomamaxillitis villonosdular synovitis 导管乳头状瘤 ductal papilloma牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤退行性关节病 degeneratitive joint 导管腺泡单位 ductoacinar unit cemento-ossifying fibroma disease 淀粉酶 amylase洋葱皮 onion-skin 纤维素样变 fibrinoid change 顶浆分泌 apocrine硬骨板 lamina dura 象牙化 eburnation （骨质）多动脉周围炎 polyarteritis原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进 primary 血管翳 pannus 多发性肌炎 polymyositis hyperparathyroidism 蚓状小体 vermiform bodies 多囊腮腺 polycystic parotid gland 致密型骨瘤 compact osteoma 游离小体 loose body 多能单储备细胞理论 pluripotential 致密性骨炎 condensing ostitis 原纤维化 fibrillation unicellular reserve cell theory中心型 central type 多细胞理论 multicellular theory周围型 peripheral type 第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤多形性低度恶性腺癌 polymorphous 周围型软骨瘤 peripreral chondroma PAS periodic acid schiff 的缩写， PAS low-grade adenocarcinoma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿 peripheral giant 反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊多形性腺瘤 pleomorphic adenoma cell granuloma 染色恶性多形性腺瘤 malignant转化亢进 high-turnover state 癌胚抗原 carcinoembryonic antigen ，pleomorphic adenoma棕色瘤 brown tumor CEA 恶性淋巴上皮病变 malignant组织细胞增生症 X histiocytosisX 癌在多形性腺瘤中 carcinoma ex lymphoepithelial lesionpleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma in 发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入第十五章颞下颌关节病pleomorphic adenoma evelopmental lingual salivary gland放射线损伤 radiant impair inclusion disease 亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体非皮脂淋巴腺瘤 non-sebaceous 口腔干燥症 xerostomiaavidin biotin-peroxidase complex, ABC lymphadenoma链亲和素过氧化物酶 streptavidin 人类免疫缺陷病毒 hunman 非特异性透明细胞癌 clear cell peroxidase,S-Pimmunodeficiency HIV carcinoma, not otherwise specified 链亲和素生物素复合物溶菌酶 lysozyme 非特异性腺癌 adenocarcinoma not streptavidin-biotin complex SABC 乳铁蛋白 lactoferrin ， LF otherwise specified ， NOS 良性淋巴上皮病变 benign 乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillary分泌组份 secretory component lymphoepithelial lesion cystadenoma lymphomatosum 副涎腺 accessory salivary gland 亮细胞 light cells乳头状囊腺癌 papillary 干燥综合征 sicca syndrome 淋巴上皮癌 lymphoepithelial cystadenocarcinoma管状腺瘤 canalicular adenoma; carcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤 papillary cystadenoma tubular adenoma淋巴上皮囊肿 lymphoepithelial cyst 乳头状涎腺瘤 sialadenoma 过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶 peroxidase 鳞状细胞癌 squamous cell carcinoma papilliferum anti-proxidase, PAP 流行性腮腺炎 epidemic parotitis; 上皮 - 肌上皮癌汗腺瘤 syringoma mumpsepithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma 合胞体 syncytium慢性复发性腮腺炎 chronic recurrent 上皮肌上皮岛 epi-myoepithelial 坏死性涎腺化生 necrotizing parotitisislandsialometaplasia 慢性涎腺炎 chronic sialadenitis 上皮膜抗原 epithelial membrane 混合瘤 mixed tumor慢性硬化性颌下腺炎 chronic antigen ， EMA获得性免疫缺陷综合征 acquired sclerosing sialadenitis of舍格伦综合征 Sj?gren's syndrome immune deficiency syndrome AIDS submandibular gland; K uttner 瘤 施墨试验 Schirmer test ，检查泪液分 霍奇金淋巴瘤 Hodgkin lymphoma 弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤 diffuse large 泌情况的一种试验肌上皮瘤 myoepithelioma B-cell lymphoma嗜酸细胞瘤 oncocytoma 基底储备细胞理论 basal reserve cell迷走涎腺 aberrant salivary glands 嗜酸性腺瘤 oxyphilic adenoma theory免疫球蛋白 A immunoglobulin A 透明细胞癌 clear cell carcinoma 基底鳞状的旋涡状 basisquamous 免疫细胞化学 immunocytochemistry 透明细胞瘤 clear cell tumorwhorling免疫组织化学 immunohistochemistry 未分化癌 undifferentiated carcimma 基底细胞腺瘤 basal cell adenoma 囊腺癌 cystadenocarcinoma 细胞角蛋白 cytokeratin 急性化脓性腮腺炎 acute pyogenic 囊腺瘤 cystadenoma 纤维连接蛋白 fibronectin paratitis内翻性乳头状瘤 inverted ductal涎石病 sialolithiasis急性涎腺炎 acute sialadenitis papilloma涎腺病毒病 salivary gland virus 挤压假象 crush artifact 皮脂淋巴腺癌 sebaceous disease甲状腺球蛋白 thyroglobulin lymphadenocarcinoma涎腺导管癌 salivary duct carcinoma 浆液细胞腺癌 serous cell carcinoma 皮脂淋巴腺瘤 sebaceous lymphadenoma 涎腺导管结石 salivary duct stone 结外边缘带 B 细胞淋巴瘤 extranodal 皮脂腺瘤 sebaceous adenoma 涎腺导管囊肿 salivary duct cyst marginal zone B-cell lymphoma 前淋巴瘤 prelymphoma 涎腺发育不全 aplasia of salivary 静止骨腔 static bony cavity桥本甲状腺炎 Hashimoto'sglanddepression巨细胞包涵体病 cytomegalic thyroiditi s涎腺发育异常 development anomalies of salivary gland涎腺放线菌病 actinomycosis of salivary glands涎腺结核 tuberculosis of salivarygland涎腺囊肿 salivary gland cyst涎腺退行性肿大 degenerativeswelling of salivary gland涎腺先天性缺失 congenital absenceof salivary gland涎腺炎 sialadenitis涎腺异位 hetrotopic of saIivarygland涎腺症 sialadenosis腺癌 adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤 adenolymphoma; Warthin 瘤腺鳞癌 adenosquamous carcinoma 腺泡细胞癌 acinic cell carcinoma 腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma 小管 - 腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌 small cell carcinoma小叶状癌 lobular carcinoma血管瘤 haemangioma血型物质 blood group substances 粘液表皮样癌 mucoepidermoid carcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生 adenomatoid hyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体 lectin receptors 终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma 转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原 tissuce peptide antigen ，TPA鼻唇囊肿 nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿 nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿 nasoalveolar cyst残余囊肿 residual cyst成人龈囊肿 gingival cyst of adults 发育性根侧囊肿 lateral periodontal cyst根尖囊肿 radicular cyst含牙囊肿 dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿 teratoid cyst 即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn 结节甲状舌管囊肿 thyroglossal tractcyst假性囊肿 pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿 cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿 oral lymphoepithelialcyst滤泡囊肿 follicular cyst锚纤维 anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿 eruption cyst皮样囊肿 dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发 epidermoid切牙管囊肿 incisive canal cyst切牙窝 incisive fossa 球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst 鳃裂囊肿 branchialcleft cyst 上皮斑 epithelial plaque 舌下囊肿ranula透明小体 Rushton body 外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿 mandibular infectedbuccal cyst下颌正中囊肿 median mandibular cyst 涎腺牙源性囊肿 sialo-odontogenic cystcyst新生儿牙板囊肿 dental lamina cyst of thenewborn牙旁囊肿 paradental cyst 牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producingodontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿 odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿 odontogenic cyst炎症性根侧囊肿 inflammatorycollateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿 heterotopic oralgastrointestinal cyst婴儿龈囊肿 gingival cyst of infants釉突 enamel spur粘液囊肿 mucocele 痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征 naevoid basal cellcarcinoma syndrome潴留性粘液囊肿 mucous retentioncyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤 mural ameloblastoma 标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤 classic intraosseousameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤 cementoblastoma 成牙组织 dental formative tissue 成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma 成釉细胞肉瘤 ameloblasticsarcoma 成釉细胞纤维瘤 ameloblasticfibroma 成釉细胞纤维肉瘤 ameloblaticfibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤 ameloblasticfibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤 ameloblastic第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿腺牙源性囊肿 glandular odontogenicfibrodentinsarcomafibrous histocytoma,MFH多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤 / 未分化高级别多 形性肉瘤 (pleomorphic malignant成釉细胞纤维 - 牙肉瘤 ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma丛状型 plexiform pattern 丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤 plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma 促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤 desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤 unicystic ameloblastoma恶性成釉细胞瘤 malignant ameloblastoma 反折线 reversal line 非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生 non-neoplastic thickened follicle骨异常增殖症 osseous dysplasias 混合性牙瘤 complex odontoma 基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤 basal cell ameloblastoma 棘皮瘤型 acanthomatous type 畸形 malformation极性倒置 reversed polarity 角化成釉细胞瘤 keratoameloblastoma 颗粒细胞型 granular cell type 良性成牙骨质细胞瘤 benign cementoblastoma 滤泡型 follicular pattern玫瑰花样结构 rosette-like structure 明显的玻璃样变 marked hyalinization 前成釉细胞 preameloblast 乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤 papilliferous keratoameloblastoma牙本质生成性影细胞癌 dentinogenic ghost cell carcinoma牙本质生成性影细胞瘤 dentinogenic ghost cell tumor牙骨质样组织 cementoid 牙瘤 odontoma牙源性癌 odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性癌肉瘤 odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性钙化囊肿 calcifying odontogenic cyst ,COC 牙源性钙化囊性瘤 calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor牙源性钙化上皮瘤 calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor; Pindborg 瘤牙源性角化囊性瘤 keratocystic odontogenic tumour牙源性颗粒细胞瘤granular cellodontogenic tumor 牙源性鳞状细胞瘤squamousodontogenic tumor牙源性囊肿恶变malignant changeodontogenic cysts牙源性肉瘤 odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性透明细胞癌 clear cell odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性透明细胞瘤 clear cell odontogenic tumor牙源性纤维瘤 odontogenic fibroma 牙源性腺样瘤 adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, AOT牙源性龈上皮错构瘤 odontogenic gingival epithelial hamartoma牙源性影细胞癌 odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma牙源性影细胞瘤 odontogenic ghost cell tumor牙源性粘液瘤 odontogenic myxoma 牙源性肿瘤 odontogenic tumor一般型成釉细胞瘤 classic ameloblastoma 影上皮细胞 ghost epithelial cell 原发性骨内癌 primary intraosseous carcinoma原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌 primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma粘液瘤 myxoma粘液纤维瘤 myxofibroma 真性牙骨质瘤 true cementoma 中心性巨细胞病变(肉芽肿) central giant cell lesion ( granuloma ) 周边型 peripheral ameloblastoma 周边性牙源性纤维瘤 peripheral odontogenicfibroma转移性(恶性)成釉细胞瘤 metastasizing ( malignant ) ameloblastoma组合性牙瘤 compound odontoma第十九章 口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤 和瘤样病变边缘不规则 border irregularity 不对称 asymmetry 车轮状 - 多形性 storiform-pleomorphic成人型纤维肉瘤 adult fibrosarcoma 成釉细胞癌 ameloblastic carcinoma 丛状血管瘤 tufted angioma 又称进展 性毛细血管瘤 (progressive capillaryhemangioma)、 Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤 ( angioblastoma ofNakagawa)动静脉性血管瘤 arteriovenous hemangioma多形性组织细胞增生症 polymorphic histocytosis,PH恶性黑色素瘤 malignant melanoma 恶性淋巴瘤 malignant lymphoma 恶性雀斑样痣 lentigo melanoma 恶性肉芽肿 malignant granuloma恶性纤维组织细胞瘤 malignant。
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[指南]牙科专业小英语牙科专业小英语颊面 Buccal 舌面 Lingual 腭面 Palatal 近中面 Mesial 远中面 Distal 牙合面 Oeclusal 切端 Incisal 颈部 Neck前牙 Anterior 中切牙 Central 侧切牙 Latral 尖牙 Canine/cuspid 后牙Posterior 双尖牙 Pre-Molar 第一双尖牙 First Prc-Molar 第二双尖牙 Second Pre-Molar 磨牙 Molar 第一磨牙 First Molar 第二磨牙 Second Molar 智慧牙Wisdom 覆牙合 Over Bite 覆盖 Over Jet 缺失牙 Pontic 牙模 Model 颜色 Shade 形态 Shape/Anatomy 金属牙合面 Metal Occlusal 金属舌面Metal Backing 缓冲(离开) Relief 牙合架 Articulator 工作模 Master Model 对牙合模 Opposite Model 参考模 Study Model 连接模 Splint/Joint/Connect 分开 Separate 烤瓷冠 CMC 烤瓷桥 CMB胶托类全口腔胶托 Full / Full Acrylic Denture ,F/F半口胶托 Full Upper or Lower Acrylic Denture 局部胶托 PartialAcrylic Denture ,P/-or -/p钢丝卡环 S.S.Wire Clasp 钢丝牙合支托 S.S. Rest 个别托盘 Special Tray,S/T 蜡堤 Bite Block 胶托修理 Repair 软胶 Soft Lining 衬垫 Reline 弹性义齿 Flexible Denture / Valplast 胶托加网 Add Mesh钢托类钢托 Cobalt-Chrome Centure/Vatallium舌杆 Partial Denture(美式)UPD/LPD 腭板 Lingual Bar连续卡环 Palatal Plate 牙合支托 Continue Clasp/Kennedy Clasp舌板 Occlusal Rest 上半口网状钢 Lingual Plate 半口胶托 Full Upper Mesh 钢托上加钢牙 Full Upper or Lower Denture马蹄形 Dummy 前后杆 Horse ShoeDouble Bar / Ant .& Post .Bar烤瓷类贵金属烤瓷 Porcelain on Precious Alloy半贵金属烤瓷 Porcelain on S/P(Semi-Precious) 非贵金属烤瓷 Porcelain on N.P.(Non-Precious) 玛利兰桥 Maryland Bridge 嵌体 Inlay 桩核 Post 高嵌体 Onlay 瓷贴面 Porcelain Veneer / Porcelain 假牙龈/牙肉 Gum Porcelain 全瓷冠 Full Ceramic Crown(In-ceram) 瓷边 Porcelain Margin/Porcelain Shoulder 涂金粉 Gold Plating 金属冠 Full Metal Crown金属边 Metal Margin 种植牙 Implant 桩连冠 Post Crown/Down Crown 通透性的 Transparent透明的 Translucent 不透明的 Opacity在论坛发现的——摘自《口腔临床英语会话集》一( At the registration挂号1. What can I do for you?2. What is wrong with you?3. Do you want to see a dentist?4. Which speciality do you want to register with?您要挂哪个科的号,5. Do you want to have your tooth pulled ( tooth filled )?您要拔牙补牙吗,6. For a filling? A denture? Or a cleaning? 补牙,镶牙,还是洁牙,7. Is this your first visit to this dental clinic?8. May I have your address, telephone number, age and occupation, please? 请告诉我您的地址，电话号码，年龄，职业。
第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process 腭裂cleft palate分叉舌bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct 界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccalpouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatineprocess前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest神经节原基ganglionicplacode施万细胞Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质ectomesenchyme也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acidsyndrome（RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasal process主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial root sheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctional complex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白non-collagenous protein NSPs釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamalepithelium星网状层stellate reticulum牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primaryepithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforating fiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiarydentin多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone, thezone of Weil，Weil层反应性牙本质reactiondentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubular dentin管周牙本质peritubular dentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20 matrix metalloproteinases 20，MMP20 继发性牙本质secondary dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostaticpotential脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour lineof Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobulardentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer ofnerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说directinnervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendritic cells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serineproteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpaldentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质sclerotic dentin透明牙本质transparentdentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes'granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomes processespit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiated mesenchymalcell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellular intrinsic fibercementum, AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellular cementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel细胞牙骨质cellular cementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin 限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shaped defect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparative dentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentin phosphophoryn；dentin phosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentin sialoprotein，DSP牙本质涎磷蛋白dentinsialophosphoproteins牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementumgrowth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementumadhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance ofdoughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum,CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratifiedcementum, CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭enamel spindle釉小皮enamel cuticle釉牙本质界enamel-dentinaljunction（EDJ）釉原蛋白amelogenins釉柱enamel rod釉柱鞘enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质primarydentin，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原tropocollagen灶性孔focal hole, FH罩牙本质mantle dentin中间连接intermediate junction中间牙骨质intermediate cementum重塑remodeling转导学说transduction theory组织细胞histiocyte第四章牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维oxytalan fibers弹力纤维elastin fibers点彩stippling凋亡apoptosis附着龈attached gingiva根尖组apical group根间组interradicular group 固有牙槽骨alveolar bone proper环行组circular group结合上皮junctional epithelium束骨bundle bone水平组horizontal group斜行组oblique group牙槽骨alveolar bone牙槽嵴组alveolar crestgroup牙槽突alveolar process牙槽龈组alveologingivalgroup牙骨膜组dentoperiostealgroup牙间乳头interdental papilla牙龈gingiva牙龈结合dentogingivaljunction牙龈上皮gingval epithelium第六章涎腺半月板demilune胞吐exocytosis杯状细胞goblet cell储备细胞reserve cell锇酸osmic acid分泌单位secretory unit分泌管secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白proline-richprotein富酪氨酸蛋白tyrosine-richprotein干细胞stem cell高血糖素样蛋白glucogon-like protein颌下腺submandibular gland混合性腺泡mixed acinus肌动蛋白actin肌球蛋白myosin肌上皮细胞myoepithelialcell肌微丝myofilament浆液性腺泡serous acinus浆粘液细胞seromucous cell晶样体crystalloid局浆分泌merocrine抗蛋白溶解蛋白antiproteolytic protein篮细胞basket cell连接复合体junctionalcomplex酶原颗粒zymogen granule排泄管excretory duct粘多糖mucin粘液性腺泡mucous acinus 全浆分泌holocrine-type secretion乳铁蛋白lactoferrin闰管intercalated duct腮腺parotid gland腮腺导管Stensen duct腮腺素parotin舌下腺sublingual gland舍格伦综合征Sj?gren syndrome肾素rennin嗜酸粒细胞瘤oncocytoma 嗜酸细胞oncocyte嗜酸性腺瘤oxiphilic adenoma唾液saliva唾液腺salivary gland味觉素gustin纹管striated duct涎液素ptyatin腺泡acinus小涎腺minor salivary gland原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitive pluripotential salivaryduct cells致密小体dense body组氨酸histidine第七章颞下颌关节多细胞带cellularrich zone钙化软骨带zone of calcifiedcartilage关节囊capsule关节盘disc滑膜synovial membrane髁突condyle颞下颌关节temporo-mandibular join，TMJ纤维软骨带fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带fibrousarticular surface第八章牙发育异常II型牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I型牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia type I白兰地型brandywineisolate，牙本质形成缺陷的一种斑釉mottled enamel半面过度增生hemifacialhyperplasia成熟不全型hypomatuaration type低磷酸酯酶症hypophosphatasia多生牙hyperdontia;supernumerary teeth非氟性牙釉质浑浊症non-fluoride enamel opacities氟牙症dental fluorosis附加牙supplemental teeth副磨牙paramolar钙化不全型hypocalcifiedtype过早脱落premature loss畸形舌侧尖lingual cusp deformity畸形舌侧窝lingual fossa deformity畸形中央尖central cusp deformity结合牙concrescence巨牙macrodontia壳状牙shell-teeth矿化不全型hypomineralized type牛牙症taurodontism前牙的牙外突dens evaginatus of anterior teeth区域性牙发育不良regional odontodysplasia，阴影牙融合牙fusion乳牙滞留persistence of deciduous teeth桑椹牙mulberry molar少汗外胚层发育不良hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia少牙hypodontia双生牙gemination水流围绕圆石waterstreaming round bouldings，根部牙本质结构不良的表现四环素牙tetracyclinestained teeth锁骨颅骨发育不全征cleidocranial dysplasia；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良胎生牙natal teeth，出生时即已萌出的牙特纳牙Turner's teeth，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全弯曲牙dilacerations无牙adontia先天性梅毒牙congenitalsyphilis小牙microdontia新生牙noenatal teeth，出生后30天萌出的牙形成不全型hypoplastic type雪帽型snow-capped牙本质基质蛋白1 dentinmatrix protein 1, DMP1牙本质结构不良dentindysplasia牙本质涎蛋白dentinsialoprotein, DSP牙本质形成缺陷症II型dentinogenesis imperfecta typeII牙变色discoloration ofteeth牙骨质发育不全hypocementosis牙骨质过度增生hypercementosis牙陷dens invaginatus牙釉质混浊症enamelopacities牙釉质矿化不全hypomineralized enamel牙釉质形成不全enamelhypoplasia牙釉质形成缺陷症amelogenesis imperfecta牙釉质延伸cervical enamelextension牙中牙dens in dente牙阻生impaction of teeth 延迟萌出retarded eruption 遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin阴影牙ghost teeth，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖talon cusp釉珠enamel pearl远中磨牙distomolar早萌premature eruption正中牙mesiodens第九章龋病暗层dark zone变形链球菌mutans streptococci; S. mutans表层surface zone病损体部body of the lesion 蛋白溶解－螯合学说proteolysis-chelation theory蛋白溶解学说proteolytic theory发酵乳杆菌L. fermentus放线菌属actinomyces干酪乳杆菌L. casei根龋root caries化学寄生学说chemico-parasitic theory化学细菌学说chemico-bacterial theory坏死崩解层zone ofdestruction获得性薄膜acquiredpellicle，唾液薄膜急性龋acute caries静止性龋arrested caries菌斑bacterial plaque慢性龋chronic caries猛性龋rampant caries氏放线菌 A. naeslundii平滑面龋smooth surfacecaries轻链球菌S. mitis龋病dental caries乳杆菌属Lactobacilli三联因素学说three primaryfactors theory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenic theory透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone ofdemineralization唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries细菌侵入层zone ofbacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversiblepulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolar degeneration of theodontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurative pulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closed pulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerative pulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis 慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplastic pulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙吸收internal tooth resorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration 牙髓充血pulp hyperemia 牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticularatrophy of the pulp牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external toothresorption转化生长因子transfergrowth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapicalgranuloma根尖周炎periapicalperiodontitis急性根尖周炎acuteperiapical periodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolarabscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids慢性根尖脓肿chronicperiapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronicperiapical periodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonicalveolar abscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensingosteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumornecrosis factor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingivalenlargement associated withleukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitiswith leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitis associated withendodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginalgingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期established lesion剥脱性龈病损desquamative lesion of gingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumatic occlusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquired deformities and conditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-induced gingival lesions非炎症性noninflammatory 奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis 福赛类杆菌Bcteroides forsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizingperiodontal diseases基质金属蛋白酶matrixmetalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroidhormone-influenced gingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acute necrotizing ulcerativegingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acutenecrotizing gingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondaryocclusal trauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cellgingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronicperiodontitis慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentationfactor,ODF前列腺素E2prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressiveperiodontitis青春期龈炎pubertalgingivitis人类白细胞抗原humanleucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancygingivitis始发期initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T.maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase 唾液粘蛋白mucin维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitamin C deficeint gingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental pla que biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis 牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease 牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Capno gingivalis牙龈乳头炎papillarygingivitis牙龈退缩gingival recession牙周变性periodontaldegeneration牙周病periodontal disease牙周脓肿abcesses of theperiodontium牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditarygingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicularfluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft; Stillman'Scleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenileatrophy早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomycesviscosus，Av战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体T.medium中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumornecrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors ofmetalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white folded disease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP 程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex 地图舌geographic tongue 淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythema multiforme exsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrentaphthous stomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrentaphthous ulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitis mucosa necroticarecurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immunodeficiencysyndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculation and liquefaction ofhasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersederythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenouserythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclearantibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granularerythroplakia口腔Kaposi肉瘤oralKaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oralnon-Hodgkin lymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairyleukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oralcandidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oralsubmucous fibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen Planus Pemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benign migratory glossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benign mucous membrane pemphigoid 硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronic discoid lupus erythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome 糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis气球变性ballooning degeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins 丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitis areata exfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitisgranulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelialdysplasia舌乳头炎lingual papillitis嗜碱性变性basophilicdegeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticulardegeneration韦格肉芽肿Wegenergranulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitis glandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benign lymphoadenosis ofmucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermaldendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt'slymphoma不确定细胞indeterminatecell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eatenappearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagicbone cyst穿凿性吸收tunnelingresorption or dissectingresorption穿凿样punched-out appearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bone cyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostotic bibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleate stromal cell单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear phagocyte system 动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmal bone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiple chondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignant osteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid富巨细胞性病变giant cellrich lesion钙化骨mineralized bone孤立性骨囊肿solitary bonecyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitisossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifyingfibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant cell tumorof bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periostealosteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiostealbone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraostealosteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseousosteosarcoma骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrousdysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellousosteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosisof jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis ofjaws颌骨结核tuberculosis ofjaws颌骨巨细胞病变giant cellgranuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitarymyeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws继发软骨secondary cartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondary hyperparathyroidism 家族性颌骨多囊性病familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma 浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculous osteomyelitis of jaws静止性骨腔static bonecavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giantosteoid osteoma巨细胞肉芽肿giant celllesions of the jaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giantcell reparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhanscell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cellhistiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans celldisease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhansgiant cell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwedisease良性成骨细胞瘤benignoseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitating dendritic cell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞folliculardendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré's chronic nonsuppurativesclerosing ostitis Garre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronic osteomyelitis withproliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronic suppurativeosteomyelitis of jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic focal sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic diffuse sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic sclerosing osteomyelitisof jaws磨砂玻璃样groundglassappearance生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressive osteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressive ossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifying fibroma日光放射状(影像) sun-ray 肉芽肿性炎症granulomatous inflammation 软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma 软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoid fobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell 嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilic granuloma树突状细胞系统dendritic cell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullary plasmacyfoma 髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewing sarcoma 图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell外伤性骨囊肿traumaticbone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis纤维-骨病变fibro-osseouslesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifying fibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primary hyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compactosteoma致密性骨炎condensingostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreralchondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giant cell granuloma转化亢进high-turnoverstate棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症XhistiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophyticlipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovialosteochondromatosis髁突增生condylarhyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoidgranuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoidarthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoidnodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibular joint disorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villous projection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmented villonosdular synovitis退行性关节病degeneratitive joint disease纤维素样变fibrinoid change 象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies 游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonicantigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma ex pleomorphicadenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary glanddisease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotential bicellularreserve cell theory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma withlymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma大细胞癌large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmental anomalies ofducts导管乳头状瘤intraductalpapilloma导管乳头状瘤ductalpapilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinarunit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycystic parotidgland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotential unicellular reservecell theory多细胞理论multicellulartheory多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-gradeadenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphicadenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignantpleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignant lymphoepithelial lesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression放射线损伤radiant impair 非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma 非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS分泌组份secretory component副涎腺accessory salivary gland干燥综合征sicca syndrome 管状腺瘤canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP 汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizingsialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiencysyndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkinlymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basalreserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal celladenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎acutepyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acutesialadenitis挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin浆液细胞腺癌serous cellcarcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zone B-celllymphoma静止骨腔static bony cavity巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalicinclusion disease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidin peroxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complexSABC良性淋巴上皮病变benignlymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelialcarcinoma淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cellcarcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemicparotitis; mumps慢性复发性腮腺炎chronicrecurrent parotitis慢性涎腺炎chronicsialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner 瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 迷走涎腺aberrant salivary glands免疫球蛋白A immunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma 囊腺瘤cystadenoma翻性乳头状瘤inverted ductal papilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceous lymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceous lymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceous adenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto'sthyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidin biotin-peroxidasecomplex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenomapapilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelialmembrane antigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sjögren'ssyndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilicadenoma透明细胞癌clear cellcarcinoma透明细胞瘤clear cell tumor未分化癌undifferentiatedcarcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary glandvirus disease涎腺导管癌salivary ductcarcinoma涎腺导管结石salivary ductstone涎腺导管囊肿salivary ductcyst涎腺发育不全aplasia ofsalivary gland涎腺发育异常developmentanomalies of salivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosis of salivary glands涎腺结核tuberculosis of salivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary gland cyst 涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling of salivary gland涎腺先天性缺失congenital absence of salivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic of saIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cellcarcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma血管瘤haemangioma血型物质blood groupsubstances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoid carcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoid hyerplasia ofmucous glands植物血凝素受体lectinreceptors终末导管癌teminal ductcarcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizing pleomorphicadenoma组织多肽抗原tissucepeptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatineduct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolarcyst残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cyst ofadults发育性根侧囊肿lateralperiodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossaltract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿orallymphoepithelial cyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canal cyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleft cyst 上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucous extravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infected buccal cyst 下颌正中囊肿median mandibular cyst涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst腺牙源性囊肿glandular odontogenic cyst新生儿牙板囊肿dental lamina cyst of the newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucus producing odontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenic keratocyst牙源性囊肿odontogeniccyst炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oral gastrointestinalcyst婴儿龈囊肿gingival cyst ofinfants釉突enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinomasyndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucousretention cyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤muralameloblastoma标准或经典型骨成釉细胞瘤classic intraosseousameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤cementoblastoma成牙组织dental formativetissue成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma成釉细胞肉瘤ameloblasticsarcoma成釉细胞纤维瘤ameloblasticfibroma成釉细胞纤维肉瘤ameloblatic fibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinsarcoma成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤ameloblasticfibro-odontosarcoma丛状型plexiform pattern丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤plexiform unicysticameloblastoma促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤。
专英要点一、Parapharyngeal咽旁Radiolucent X 光透射Pyogenic化脓性Septicemia败血病Space空隙Mole胎块Sialolithiasis涎石病Infection感染Devoid缺少的Periostitis骨膜炎Prosthesis义齿Laceration扯破Sialoductitis涎管炎Oblique倾斜Hyperpyrexia 高热Fracture 骨折Scquestrum腐骨死骨Self-reduce自履行脱臼复位Comminution粉碎Biopsy切片检查法Hyperplasia增生Sialogram涎管 X 线造电影Reparative修复性Giant 巨大Mucoperiosteum黏骨膜Nonmalignant 良性的句子翻译1.If proper preparation of solution, syringes, needles and technic has been carried out, untoward incidents shouldseldom occur during or after the injection of the local anesthetic. However, one should be in a position to copewith complications in the rare cases when they arise.若药液注射剂，针头及技术准备稳当，在局麻注射过程中或以后都将极少出现，可是，医生仍应做好应付稀有并发症的准备。
2. P ostoperative pain which the patient experiences after the second and third postoperative day should be carefullyexamined, since this is not a normal postoperative course. It is caused by dry socket or sharp bone spine.患者于术后二三日以后的痛苦，可能为非正常状况，需特别认真检查，其有可能因为干槽症或是尖利骨刺惹起。
口腔医学专业英语导言口腔医学是医学领域的一个重要分支，致力于研究和治疗口腔和颌面部的疾病。
与其他医学领域一样，口腔医学也有其专属的英语术语和专业用语。
掌握口腔医学专业英语对于从事相关研究或实践工作的人来说是至关重要的。
本文将介绍口腔医学领域中常见的英语单词和短语，以便读者更好地理解和运用口腔医学专业英语。
口腔解剖学1.Oral cavity - 口腔2.Palate - 腭3.Oropharynx - 口咽部4.Salivary glands - 唾液腺5.Teeth - 牙齿6.Tongue - 舌头7.Periodontium - 牙周组织8.Maxilla - 上颌骨9.Mandible - 下颌骨10.Temporomandibular joint - 颞下颌关节口腔病理学1.Dental caries - 龋齿2.Periodontal disease - 牙周疾病3.Oral cancer - 口腔癌4.Gingivitis - 牙龈炎5.Halitosis - 口臭6.Toothache - 牙疼7.Oral thrush - 口腔念珠菌病8.Dental abscess - 牙周脓肿9.Temporomandibular joint disorder - 颞下颌关节紊乱10.Cleft lip and palate - 唇腭裂口腔医学检查及诊断1.Oral examination - 口腔检查2.Radiograph - X光片3.Dental impression - 牙印4.Biopsy - 活检5.Oral hygiene - 口腔卫生6.Dental plaque - 牙菌斑7.Dental pulp - 牙髓8.Dental crown - 牙冠9.Dental filling - 牙齿修复10.Orthodontic braces - 正畸矫正器口腔医学治疗1.Dental extraction - 牙齿拔除2.Root canal treatment - 根管治疗3.Dental implant - 牙种植体4.Dental prosthesis - 牙齿修复体5.Dental bridge - 牙桥6.Scaling and root planing - 洗牙和根面光整7.Tooth whitening - 牙齿美白8.Dental anesthesia - 牙科麻醉9.Oral surgery - 口腔手术10.Orthodontic treatment - 正畸治疗结论口腔医学专业英语是口腔医学从业者必备的语言工具。
口腔医学专业英语口腔医学专业英语口腔医学作为一门重要的临床医学专业，其英语表达方式和术语也是十分丰富和独特的。
下面将从口腔医学专业所涉及的基础学科、临床学科、技术设备等方面，来介绍一些口腔医学专业英语。
一、基础学科1.牙齿名称英文中，人类的幼牙、恒牙分别为deciduous teeth、permanent teeth，其中还有以下的牙齿名称：central incisor 中切牙lateral incisor 侧切牙canine（cuspids）犬牙premolar bicuspids 前臼齿molar 颊齿2. 牙齿组成牙齿由牙冠和牙根组成，它们的英文分别是：crown 牙冠/牙冠部分root 牙根/牙根部分enamel 釉质dentin 牙本质pulp 髓质cementum 牙骨质3. 牙周病与牙周病相关的英文术语包括：gingivitis 牙龈炎periodontitis 牙周炎plaque 牙斑tartar 牙石scaling 洁牙二、临床学科1. 口腔外科口腔外科是口腔医学学科的一部分，涉及口腔疾病的手术治疗。
其相关英文术语包括：flap 掀瓣extraction 拔牙implant 种植maxillary 上颌的mandibular 下颌的2. 正畸学正畸学是口腔医学领域中解决牙齿、面部和颌骨的畸形和功能障碍的学科。
其相关英文术语包括：braces 牙套orthodontic wire 牙合板retainer 保持器clear aligners 透明矫正器3. 口腔医学影像口腔医学影像技术主要为口腔医师提供丰富的诊断信息。
其相关英文术语包括：digital radiography 数字化放射线技术panoramic X-ray 全景X光cone beam computed tomography 锥形束计算机断层扫描dental impression 牙印三、技术设备1. 智能牙刷智能牙刷在口腔保健方面逐渐成为一种趋势。
第一章口腔颌面部发育鼻凹nasal pit鼻板nasal placode鼻腭管naso-palatal canal鼻鳍nasal fin侧腭突lateral palatal process，也称继发腭（second palate），腭突（palatine shelf）第一鳃弓软骨Meckel's cartilage额鼻突frontonasal process腭裂cleft palate分叉舌bifid tongue，也称舌裂（cleft tongue，split tongue）颌裂cleft jaw继发腭secondary palate颊咽膜orapharyngeal membrane甲状舌管thyroglossal duct界沟sulcus terminalis颈窦cervical sinus口凹oral pit口咽膜orapharyngeal membrane拉特克囊Rathke's pouch，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch）联合merge联合突copula面裂facial cleft模式发育patterning奇结节tuberculum impar前腭突median palatine process前脑单脑室畸形Holoprosencephaly切牙管incisive canal球状突globular process融合fuse鳃弓branchial arch鳃沟branchial groove上颌突maxillary process舌盲孔foramen cecum神经嵴neural crest 神经节原基ganglionicplacode施万细胞Schwann细胞为神经鞘膜细胞外间充质ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称维甲酸综合征retinoic acid syndrome（RAS），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常下颌软骨Meckel's cartilage 嗅板olfactory placode嗅窝nasal pit咽囊pharyngeal pouch也称鳃囊原发腭primary palate原口stomadeum中鼻突medial nasal process 主动脉的conotruncal第二章牙的发育氨基葡萄糖glycosaminoglycans成牙本质细胞odontoblast成釉蛋白ameloblastin成釉器enamel organ成釉细胞ameloblast分泌型成牙本质细胞secretory odontoblast赫特威上皮根鞘Hertwing epithelial root sheath基质小泡matrix vesicle颈环cervical loop静止型成牙本质细胞resting odontoblast蕾状期bud stage连接复合体junctional complex马拉瑟上皮剩余Malassez epithelial rest帽状期cap stage萌出eruption非胶原蛋白non-collagenous protein NSPs内釉上皮层inner enamal epithelium前成牙本质细胞preodontoblast前期牙本质predentin缩余釉上皮reduced dental epithelium托姆斯突Tomes processe脱落shedding 交替外釉上皮层outer enamal epithelium星网状层stellate reticulum 牙板dental lamina牙囊dental sac牙乳头dental papilla引导管gubernacular canal釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉结enamel knot釉龛enamel niche釉索enamel cord釉质形成amelogenesis原发性上皮带primary epithelial band罩牙本质mantle dentin中间层stratum intermedium 终棒terminal web钟状期bell stage第三章牙体组织玻璃粘连蛋白vitronectin，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白成纤维细胞fibroblast成牙本质细胞odontoblast 成牙本质细胞突起odontoblastic process，也称"Tomes' fiber"成牙本质细胞突周间隙periodontoblastic space成釉蛋白ameloblastin穿通纤维perforating fiber蛋白酶proteinases第三期牙本质tertiary dentin 多细胞层cell-rich zone乏细胞层cell-free zone, the zone of Weil，Weil层反应性牙本质reaction dentin反转线reversal line非釉原蛋白non-amelogenins 缝隙连接gap junction骨钙素osteocalcin骨连接素osteonectin骨桥蛋白osteopontin骨样牙本质osteodentin固有牙髓pulp proper管间牙本质intratubular dentin管周牙本质peritubular dentin核心蛋白聚糖decorin横纹cross striations基质金属蛋白酶20matrix metalloproteinases 20，MMP20继发性牙本质secondary dentin，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质腱蛋白tenascin绞釉gnarled enamel紧密连接tight junction科尔夫纤维Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维类牙骨质cementoid流体动力学说hydrodynamic theory磨损abrasion, attrition纳米球nanospheres耐龋潜能cariostatic potential 脑啡肽enkephalin诺伊曼鞘Neumann sheath 欧文线Owen line（加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour line of Owen"前期牙本质predentin桥粒desmosome球间牙本质interglobular dentin芮氏线lines of Retzius，釉质生长线沙比纤维Sharpey's fiber，穿通纤维神经壁层parietal layer ofnerves，Raschkow 丛神经传导学说directinnervation theory生长激素抑制素somatostatin生长线incremental lines，同芮氏线施雷格线Schreger line树突状细胞dendritic cells双糖链蛋白聚糖biglycan丝氨酸蛋白酶serineproteinases（kallikrein-4）死区dead tract髓核pulp core髓周牙本质circumpulpaldentin糖胺聚糖glycosaminoglycans透明层hyaline layer透明牙本质sclerotic dentin透明牙本质transparentdentin托姆斯颗粒层Tomes'granular layer托姆斯突凹Tomes processespit，TPP微孔micropore未分化间充质细胞undifferentiated mesenchymal cell无细胞固有纤维牙骨质acellular intrinsic fiber cementum,AIFC无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质acellular extrinsic fiber cementum,AEFC无细胞无纤维牙骨质acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC无细胞牙骨质acellularcementum无釉柱牙釉质rodless enamel细胞牙骨质cellularcementum纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin限制板lamina limitans楔状缺损wedge shapeddefect新生线neonatal line修复性牙本质reparativedentin牙本质dentin牙本质磷蛋白dentinphosphophoryn；dentinphosphoproteins，DPP牙本质生长线von Ebner 1ine牙本质涎蛋白dentinsialoprotein，DSP牙本质涎磷蛋白dentinsialophosphoproteins牙本质小管dentinal tubule牙本质牙骨质界dentino-cemental junction牙骨质cementum牙骨质生长因子cementumgrowth factor牙骨质粘附蛋白cementumadhesion protein牙面平行线perikymata，也称釉面横纹牙髓dental pulp牙髓牙本质复合体pulpo-dentinal complex牙釉质enamel牙釉质溶解蛋白enamelysin牙釉质牙本质界enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ）牙釉质牙骨质界enamelo-cemental junction油炸圈样appearance ofdoughnut有细胞固有纤维牙骨质cellular intrinsic fiber cementum,CIFC有细胞混合性分层牙骨质cellular mixed stratified cementum,CMSC釉板enamel lamellae釉丛enamel tufts釉丛蛋白tuftelin釉蛋白enamelin釉帽enamel cap釉面横纹perikymata，也称牙面平行线釉梭 enamel spindle 釉小皮 enamel cuticle釉牙本质界 enamel -dentinal junction （EDJ ） 釉原蛋白 amelogenins釉柱 enamel rod釉柱鞘 enamel rod sheath原发性牙本质 primary dentin ，牙发育时期形成的牙本质原胶原 tropocollagen灶性孔 focal hole, FH罩牙本质 mantle dentin中间连接 intermediatejunction 中间牙骨质 intermediate cementum 重塑 remodeling 转导学说 transduction theory 组织细胞 histiocyte第四章 牙周组织不成熟的弹力纤维 oxytalanfibers弹力纤维 elastin fibers点彩 stippling凋亡 apoptosis附着龈 attached gingiva根尖组 apical group根间组 interradicular group固有牙槽骨 alveolar boneproper环行组 circular group结合上皮 junctionalepithelium束骨 bundle bone水平组 horizontal group斜行组 oblique group牙槽骨 alveolar bone牙槽嵴组 alveolar crest group牙槽突 alveolar process牙槽龈组 alveologingivalgroup牙骨膜组 dentoperiostealgroup 牙间乳头 interdental papilla 牙龈 gingiva 牙龈结合 dentogingival junction 牙龈上皮 gingval epithelium 第六章 涎腺半月板 demilune 胞吐 exocytosis 杯状细胞 goblet cell 储备细胞 reserve cell 锇酸 osmic acid 分泌单位 secretory unit分泌管 secretory duct富脯氨酸蛋白 proline -richprotein富酪氨酸蛋白 tyrosine -rich protein干细胞stem cell 高血糖素样蛋白 glucogon -like protein 颌下腺 submandibular gland 混合性腺泡 mixed acinus肌动蛋白 actin肌球蛋白 myosin 肌上皮细胞 myoepithelial cell 肌微丝 myofilament 浆液性腺泡 serous acinus 浆粘液细胞 seromucous cell 晶样体 crystalloid 局浆分泌 merocrine 抗蛋白溶解蛋白 antiproteolytic protein 篮细胞 basket cell 连接复合体 junctional complex 酶原颗粒 zymogen granule 排泄管 excretory duct 粘多糖 mucin 粘液性腺泡 mucous acinus 全浆分泌 holocrine -type secretion 乳铁蛋白 lactoferrin 闰管 intercalated duct 腮腺 parotid gland 腮腺导管 Stensen duct 腮腺素 parotin 舌下腺 sublingual gland舍格伦综合征 Sj?gren syndrome 肾素 rennin 嗜酸粒细胞瘤 oncocytoma 嗜酸细胞 oncocyte 嗜酸性腺瘤 oxiphilic adenoma 唾液 saliva 唾液腺 salivary gland 味觉素 gustin 纹管 striated duct 涎液素 ptyatin 腺泡 acinus 小涎腺 minor salivary gland 原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞primitive pluripotential salivary duct cells 致密小体 dense body 组氨酸 histidine 第七章 颞下颌关节 多细胞带 cellularrich zone 钙化软骨带 zone of calcified cartilage关节囊 capsule 关节盘 disc 滑膜 synovial membrane 髁突 condyle 颞下颌关节 temporo -mandibular join ，TMJ 纤维软骨带 fibrocartilaginous zone纤维性关节表面带 fibrous articular surface 第八章 牙发育异常 II 型牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良I 型牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasia type I 白兰地型 brandywine isolate ，牙本质形成缺陷的一种 斑釉 mottled enamel 半面过度增生 hemifacial hyperplasia 成熟不全型 hypomatuaration type 低磷酸酯酶症 hypophosphatasia 多生牙 hyperdontia; supernumerary teeth 非氟性牙釉质浑浊症 non -fluoride enamel opacities 氟牙症 dental fluorosis 附加牙 supplemental teeth 副磨牙 paramolar 钙化不全型 hypocalcified type 过早脱落 premature loss 畸形舌侧尖 lingual cusp deformity 畸形舌侧窝 lingual fossa deformity 畸形中央尖 central cusp deformity 结合牙 concrescence 巨牙 macrodontia 壳状牙 shell -teeth 矿化不全型 hypomineralized type 牛牙症 taurodontism 前牙的牙外突 dens evaginatus of anterior teeth 区域性牙发育不良 regional odontodysplasia ，阴影牙 融合牙 fusion 乳牙滞留 persistence of deciduous teeth 桑椹牙 mulberry molar 少汗外胚层发育不良 hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 少牙 hypodontia 双生牙 gemination 水流围绕圆石 water streaming round bouldings ，根部牙本质结构不良的表现 四环素牙 tetracycline stained teeth 锁骨颅骨发育不全征 cleidocranial dysplasia ；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良 胎生牙 natal teeth ，出生时即已萌出的牙 特纳牙 Turner's teeth ，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全 弯曲牙 dilacerations 无牙 adontia 先天性梅毒牙 congenital syphilis小牙 microdontia 新生牙 noenatal teeth ，出生后30天内萌出的牙 形成不全型 hypoplastic type 雪帽型 snow -capped 牙本质基质蛋白1 dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1 牙本质结构不良 dentin dysplasia 牙本质涎蛋白 dentin sialoprotein, DSP 牙本质形成缺陷症II 型 dentinogenesis imperfecta type II 牙变色 discoloration of teeth 牙骨质发育不全 hypocementosis 牙骨质过度增生 hypercementosis 牙内陷 dens invaginatus 牙釉质混浊症 enamel opacities 牙釉质矿化不全 hypomineralized enamel 牙釉质形成不全 enamel hypoplasia 牙釉质形成缺陷症 amelogenesis imperfecta 牙釉质延伸 cervical enamel extension 牙中牙 dens in dente牙阻生 impaction of teeth延迟萌出 retarded eruption 遗传性乳光牙本质hereditary opalescent dentin 阴影牙 ghost teeth ，区域性牙发育不良鹰爪尖 talon cusp 釉珠 enamel pearl 远中磨牙 distomolar 早萌 premature eruption 正中牙 mesiodens第九章 龋病暗层 dark zone 变形链球菌 mutans streptococci; S. mutans 表层 surface zone病损体部 body of the lesion 蛋白溶解－螯合学说 proteolysis -chelation theory 蛋白溶解学说 proteolytic theory发酵乳杆菌 L. fermentus 放线菌属 actinomyces 干酪乳杆菌 L. casei 根龋 root caries 化学寄生学说chemico -parasitic theory 化学细菌学说chemico -bacterial theory 坏死崩解层 zone of destruction获得性薄膜 acquired pellicle ，唾液薄膜急性龋 acute caries静止性龋 arrested caries 菌斑 bacterial plaque 慢性龋 chronic caries 猛性龋 rampant caries 内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii 平滑面龋 smooth surface caries轻链球菌 S. mitis 龋病 dental caries 乳杆菌属 Lactobacilli三联因素学说 three primaryfactors theory嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus酸原学说acidogenic theory 透明层translucent zone ，硬化层脱矿层zone of demineralization唾液薄膜salivary pellicle，获得性薄膜窝沟龋pit and fissure caries 细菌侵入层zone of bacterial invasion血链球菌S. sanguis牙本质龋dentin caries牙骨质龋cementum caries牙釉质龋enamel caries远缘链球菌S. sobrinus粘性放线菌 A. viscosus第十章牙髓病白三烯leukotrienes，LTs白细胞介素interleukin不可逆性牙髓炎irreversible pulpitis残髓炎residual pulpitis成牙本质细胞层空泡变性vacuolar degeneration of the odontoblastic layer急性化脓性牙髓炎acute supurative pulpitis急性浆液性牙髓炎acute serous pulpitis急性牙髓炎acute pulpitis可复性牙髓炎reversible pulpitis慢性闭锁性牙髓炎chronic closed pulpitis慢性溃疡型牙髓炎chronic ulcerative pulpitis慢性牙髓炎chronic pulpitis 慢性增生性牙髓炎chronic hyperplastic pulpitis逆行性牙髓炎retrograde pulpitis前列腺素prostaglandins，PGs 特发性吸收idiopathic resorption牙内吸收internal toothresorption牙髓变性pulp degeneration牙髓充血pulp hyperemia牙髓钙化pulp calcification牙髓坏疽pulp gangrene牙髓坏死pulp necrosis牙髓渐进性坏死necrobiosis牙髓网状萎缩reticularatrophy of the pulp牙髓纤维性变pulp fibrosis牙髓炎pulpitis牙体吸收tooth resorption牙外吸收external toothresorption转化生长因子transfergrowth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎蜂窝织炎cellulitis根尖肉芽肿periapicalgranuloma根尖周炎periapicalperiodontitis急性根尖周炎acuteperiapical periodontitis急性牙槽脓肿acute alveolarabscess磷脂壁酸lipoteichoic acids慢性根尖脓肿chronicperiapical abscess慢性根尖周炎chronicperiapical periodontitis慢性牙槽脓肿chonic alveolarabscess肽葡聚糖peplidoglyans致密性骨炎condensingosteoitis肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosisfactor，TNF第十二章牙周组织病白细胞介素interleuk ins,IL白血病性龈增大gingivalenlargement associated withleukemia伴白血病性龈炎gingivitiswith leukemia伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎periodontitis associated withendodontic lesions边缘性龈炎marginalgingivitis变性degeneration病损确立期establishedlesion剥脱性龈病损desquamativelesion of gingival创伤trauma创伤性咬合traumaticocclusion蛋白酶proteinases发育性或获得性异常及其状况developmental or acquireddeformities and conditions反应全身疾病的牙周炎periodontitis as a manifestation ofsystemic diseases放线共生放线杆菌Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans，Aa非菌斑性牙龈病损non-plaque-induced gingivallesions非炎症性noninflammatory奋森龈炎Vincent gingivitis福赛类杆菌Bcteroidesforsythus，Bf共聚coaggregation骨内袋intrabony pocket骨上袋supragingival pocket护骨因子osteoprotegerin,OPG坏死性牙周病necrotizingperiodontal diseases基质金属蛋白酶matrixmetalloprotinases，MMP激素性龈炎steroidhormone-influenced gingivitis急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis急性坏死性龈炎acute necrotizing gingivitis继发性咬合创伤secondary occlusal trauma家族性龈纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis浆细胞龈炎plasma cell gingivitis胶原酶collagenase金属蛋白酶metalloproteinases进展期advanced lesion聚集aggregation菌毛fimbriae老年性萎缩senile atrophy硫酸软骨素酶chondrosulphatase慢性牙周炎chronic periodontitis慢性龈炎chronic gingivitis密螺旋体属Treponema破骨细胞分化因子osteoclast differentation factor,ODF前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2侵袭性牙周炎aggressive periodontitis青春期龈炎pubertal gingivitis人类白细胞抗原human leucocyte antigen,HLA妊娠期龈炎pregnancy gingivitis始发期initial stage嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体T. maltophilum梭螺菌龈炎fusospirochetal gingivitis特发性浆细胞龈口炎idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis特发性龈增生idiopathic gingival hyperplasia透明质酸酶hyaluronidase唾液粘蛋白mucin 维生素C缺乏性龈炎vitaminC deficeint gingivitis萎缩atrophy细胞因子cytokine细胞粘附分子cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM细菌性生物膜dental pla que biofilm先天性家族性纤维瘤病congenital familial fibromatosis牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone牙菌斑性牙龈病dental plaque-induced gingival disease牙龈病gingival diseases牙龈卟啉单胞菌Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌Cap no gingivalis牙龈乳头炎papillary gingivitis牙龈退缩gingival recession 牙周变性periodontal degeneration牙周病periodontal disease牙周脓肿abcesses of the periodontium牙周炎periodontitis牙周症periodontosis炎症inflammation咬合创伤occlusal trauma药物性龈炎medication-influenced gingivitis遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病hereditary gingival fibromatosis遗传性龈增生hereditary gingival hyperplasia龈袋gingival pocket龈沟液gingival crevicular fluid,GCF龈裂gingival cleft; Stillman'S cleft龈增生gingival hyperplasia营养不良dystrophy营养不良性dystrophic早老性萎缩presenile atrophy 早期病变early lesion粘附adhesion粘性放线菌Actinomyces viscosus，Av战壕口炎trench mouth脂多糖lipopolysaccharedes，LPS中间密螺旋体T.medium中性多形核白细胞polymorphonuclear leukocytes,PMN肿瘤neoplasia肿瘤坏死因子-αtumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病艾滋病AIDS白斑leukoplakia白塞综合征Behcet syndrome 白色海绵状斑痣white sponge nevus白色念珠状菌candida albicans白色水肿leukoedema白皱折病white folded disease斑macule扁平苔藓lichen planus,LP程序化细胞死亡programmed cell death大疱bulla单纯性疱疹herpes simplex地图舌geographic tongue淀粉样变性amyloidosis多形渗出性红斑erythema multiforme exsudativum非典型性atypia非霍奇金淋巴瘤non-Hodgkin lymphoma复发性阿弗他口炎recurrent aphthous stomatitis,RAS复发性阿弗他溃疡recurrent aphthous ulcer，RAU复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens，PMNR过度不全角化hyperparakeratosis过度角化hyperkeratosis过度正角化hyperorthokeratosis海绵形成spongiosis红斑erythroplakia红色增殖性病变erythroplastic lesion获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病基底细胞空泡性变及液化vaculation and liquefaction of hasal cell棘层松解acantholysis棘层增生acanthosis痂crusts假膜pseudomembrane，伪膜间杂型红斑interspersed erythroplakia胶样小体colloid body，Civatte小体角化不良dyskeratosis结节病sarcoidosis均质型红斑homogenous erythroplakia皲裂rhagade抗核抗体antinuclear antibody，ANA颗粒型红斑granular erythroplakia口腔Kaposi肉瘤oral Kaposi sarcoma口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤oral non-Hodgkin lymphoma口腔毛状白斑oral hairy leukoplakia，OHL口腔念珠菌病oral candidiasis口腔粘膜下纤维化oral submucous fibrosis溃疡ulcer类天疱疮样扁平苔藓lichen Planus Pemphigoides,LPP良性游走性舌炎benignmigratory glossitis良性粘膜类天疱疮benignmucous membrane pemphigoid硫黄素T thioflavine T慢性盘状红斑狼疮chronicdiscoid lupus erythematosus梅一罗综合征Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome糜烂erosion念珠菌病candidiasis疱vesicle疱疹性口炎herpeticstomatitis气球变性ballooningdegeneration桥粒芯胶粘蛋白desmocollins桥粒芯糖蛋白desmogleins丘疹papule区域剥脱性舌炎glossitisareata exfoliativa人免疫缺陷病毒humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV肉芽肿性唇炎cheilitisgranulomatosa上皮萎缩epithelial atrophy上皮异常增生epithelialdysplasia舌乳头炎lingual papillitis嗜碱性变性basophilicdegeneration噬黑色素细胞melanophages天疱疮pemphigus天疱疮细胞Tzanck cell网状变性reticulardegeneration韦格内肉芽肿Wegenergranulomatosis萎缩atrophy细胞凋亡cell apoptosis腺性唇炎cheilitis glandularis肖曼小体Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体眼、口、生殖器三联综合征oculo-oral-genital syndrome增殖性红斑erythroplasia粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病benign lymphoadenosis of mucosa周缘扩展现象Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病板层骨lamellar bone表皮树突状细胞dermaldendrocyte伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt'slymphoma不确定细胞indeterminatecell成软骨细胞瘤chondroblastoma虫蚀状moth-eatenappearance出血性骨囊肿hemorrhagicbone cyst穿凿性吸收tunnelingresorption or dissecting resorption穿凿样punched-outappearance单纯性骨囊肿simple bonecyst单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症monostotic bibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良单核基质细胞mononucleatestromal cell单核巨噬细胞系统mononuclear phagocyte system动脉瘤性骨囊肿aneurysmalbone cyst多发性骨髓瘤multiplemyeloma多发性软骨瘤病multiplechondromatosis多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良恶性成骨细胞瘤malignantosteoblastoma腭隆突torus palatinus放射性骨坏死osteoradionecrosis非钙化骨样组织unmineralized osteoid富巨细胞性病变giant cell rich lesion钙化骨mineralized bone孤立性骨囊肿solitary bone cyst骨化性骨膜炎periostitis ossificans骨化性纤维瘤ossifying fibroma骨巨细胞瘤giant cell tumor of bone，GCT骨壳involucrum骨瘤osteoma骨膜骨肉瘤periosteal osteosarcoma骨膜下骨吸收subperiosteal bone resorption骨旁骨肉瘤paraosteal osteosarcoma骨肉瘤osteosarcoma骨软骨瘤osteochondroma 骨软骨性外生骨疣osteocartilaginous exostosis骨髓瘤myeloma骨外骨肉瘤extraosseous osteosarcoma骨外型软骨肉瘤extraosseous chondrosarcoma骨纤维结构不良fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症骨小梁周围纤维化peritrabecular fibrosis骨样骨瘤osteoid osteoma海绵型骨瘤cancellous osteoma汉-许-克病Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease颌骨放线菌病actinomycosis of jaws颌骨骨髓炎osteomyelitis of jaws颌骨结核tuberculosis of jaws 颌骨巨细胞病变giant cell granuloma颌骨梅毒syphilis of jaws弧立性骨髓瘤solitarymyeloma化牙骨质纤维瘤cementifying fibroma急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎acute suppurative osteomyelitis ofjaws继发软骨secondary cartilage继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进secondary hyperparathyroidism家族性颌骨多囊性病familialmulitilocular cystic disease of jaws家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症familial fibrous dysplasia of thejaws家族性巨颌症cherubism甲状旁腺功能亢进Hyperparathyroidism假囊肿pseudocyst间叶型软骨肉瘤mesenchymal chondrosarcoma浆细胞瘤plasmacytoma结核性颌骨骨髓炎tuberculous osteomyelitis of jaws静止性骨腔static bone cavity巨大型骨样骨瘤giantosteoid osteoma巨细胞肉芽肿giant celllesions of the jaws巨细胞修复性肉芽肿giantcell reparative granuloma郎格汉斯细胞病Langerhanscell disease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cellhistiocytosis）郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans celldisease）朗汉斯巨细胞Langhans giantcell勒-雪病Letterer-Siwe disease良性成骨细胞瘤benignoseoblastoma淋巴结的交错突细胞interdigitating dendritic cell硫磺颗粒sulfur granule滤泡树枝状细胞folliculardendritic cell慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎Garré's chronic nonsuppurativesclerosing ostitis Garre慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎chronic osteomyelitis withproliferative periostitis慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎chronic suppurative osteomyelitisof jaws慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic focal sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic diffuse sclerosingosteomyelitis of jaws慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis ofjaws磨砂玻璃样groundglassappearance内生型软骨瘤enchondroma破骨细胞瘤osteoclastoma侵袭性成骨细胞瘤aggressive osteoblastoma侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤aggressive ossifying fibroma青少年骨化性纤维瘤juvenile ossifying fibroma日光放射状(影像)sun-ray肉芽肿性炎症granulomatousinflammation软骨瘤chondroma软骨颅chondrocranium软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma软骨粘液样纤维瘤chondromyxoid fobroma上皮样细胞epithelioid cell嗜酸性肉芽肿eosinophilicgranuloma树突状细胞系统dendriticcell system死骨sequestrum髓外浆细胞瘤extramedullaryplasmacyfoma髓外性尤文肉瘤extramedullarg Ewing sarcoma图顿巨细胞Touton giant cell 外伤性骨囊肿traumatic bone cyst外生骨疣exostosis下颌隆突torus mandibularis 纤维-骨病变fibro-osseous lesion新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎neonatal maxillitis牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤cemento-ossifying fibroma洋葱皮onion-skin硬骨板lamina dura原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进primary hyperparathyroidism致密型骨瘤compact osteoma致密性骨炎condensing ostitis中心型central type周围型peripheral type周围型软骨瘤peripreral chondroma周围性巨细胞肉芽肿peripheral giant cell granuloma转化亢进high-turnover state 棕色瘤brown tumor组织细胞增生症X histiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病（染色体）三体trisomy垂直裂vertical cleft错颌malocclusion骨剥露denudation骨关节病osteoarthrosis骨关节炎osteoarthritis,OA骨赘性唇状突出osteophytic lipping滑膜软骨瘤病synovial osteochondromatosis髁突增生condylar hyperplasia类风湿肉芽肿rheumatoid granuloma类风湿性关节炎rheumatoidarthritis，RA类风湿性小结rheumatoidnodule颞下颌关节紊乱病temporomandibular jointdisorders切线裂tangential cleft绒毛状突起villous projection色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎pigmented villonosdular synovitis退行性关节病degeneratitivejoint disease纤维素样变fibrinoid change象牙化eburnation （骨质）血管翳pannus蚓状小体vermiform bodies游离小体loose body原纤维化fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色癌胚抗原carcinoembryonicantigen，CEA癌在多形性腺瘤中carcinoma ex pleomorphicadenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病HIV-associated salivary glanddisease暗细胞dark cells奥辛兰Alcian blue半多能双储备细胞理论semipluripotential bicellularreserve cell theory伴淋巴间质的未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma withlymphoid stroma变性型涎腺肿大症degenerative sialosis波形丝蛋白vimnentin成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma大细胞癌large cell carcinoma导管发育异常developmentalanomalies of ducts导管内乳头状瘤intraductalpapilloma导管乳头状瘤ductalpapilloma导管腺泡单位ductoacinarunit淀粉酶amylase顶浆分泌apocrine多动脉周围炎polyarteritis多发性肌炎polymyositis多囊腮腺polycystic parotidgland多能单储备细胞理论pluripotential unicellular reservecell theory多细胞理论multicellulartheory多形性低度恶性腺癌polymorphous low-gradeadenocarcinoma多形性腺瘤pleomorphicadenoma恶性多形性腺瘤malignantpleomorphic adenoma恶性淋巴上皮病变malignantlymphoepithelial lesion发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入evelopmental lingual salivarygland depression放射线损伤radiant impair非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma非特异性透明细胞癌clear cellcarcinoma, not otherwisespecified非特异性腺癌adenocarcinoma not otherwisespecified，NOS分泌组份secretorycomponent副涎腺accessory salivarygland干燥综合征sicca syndrome管状腺瘤canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP汗腺瘤syringoma合胞体syncytium坏死性涎腺化生necrotizing sialometaplasia混合瘤mixed tumor获得性免疫缺陷综合征acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma肌上皮瘤myoepithelioma基底储备细胞理论basal reserve cell theory基底鳞状的旋涡状basisquamous whorling基底细胞腺瘤basal cell adenoma急性化脓性腮腺炎acute pyogenic paratitis急性涎腺炎acute sialadenitis 挤压假象crush artifact甲状腺球蛋白thyroglobulin 浆液细胞腺癌serous cell carcinoma结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma静止骨腔static bony cavity 巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusion disease口腔干燥症xerostomia链亲和素过氧化物酶streptavidin peroxidase,S-P链亲和素生物素复合物streptavidin-biotin complex SABC 良性淋巴上皮病变benign lymphoepithelial lesion亮细胞light cells淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma淋巴上皮囊肿lymphoepithelial cyst鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行性腮腺炎epidemicparotitis; mumps慢性复发性腮腺炎chronicrecurrent parotitis慢性涎腺炎chronicsialadenitis慢性硬化性颌下腺炎chronicsclerosing sialadenitis ofsubmandibular gland; Küttner瘤弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuselarge B-cell lymphoma迷走涎腺aberrant salivaryglands免疫球蛋白Aimmunoglobulin A免疫细胞化学immunocytochemistry免疫组织化学immunohistochemistry囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma囊腺瘤cystadenoma内翻性乳头状瘤invertedductal papilloma皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceouslymphadenocarcinoma皮脂淋巴腺瘤sebaceouslymphadenoma皮脂腺瘤sebaceousadenoma前淋巴瘤prelymphoma桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto'sthyroiditis亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体avidin biotin-peroxidasecomplex, ABC人类免疫缺陷病毒hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV溶菌酶lysozyme乳铁蛋白lactoferrin，LF乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum乳头状囊腺癌papillarycystadenocarcinoma乳头状囊腺瘤papillarycystadenoma乳头状涎腺瘤sialadenomapapilliferum上皮-肌上皮癌epithelio-myoepithelial carcinoma上皮肌上皮岛epi-myoepithelial island上皮膜抗原epithelialmembrane antigen，EMA舍格伦综合征Sjögren'ssyndrome施墨试验Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验嗜酸细胞瘤oncocytoma嗜酸性腺瘤oxyphilicadenoma透明细胞癌clear cellcarcinoma透明细胞瘤clear cell tumor未分化癌undifferentiatedcarcimma细胞角蛋白cytokeratin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin涎石病sialolithiasis涎腺病毒病salivary glandvirus disease涎腺导管癌salivary ductcarcinoma涎腺导管结石salivary ductstone涎腺导管囊肿salivary ductcyst涎腺发育不全aplasia ofsalivary gland涎腺发育异常developmentanomalies of salivary gland涎腺放线菌病actinomycosisof salivary glands涎腺结核tuberculosis ofsalivary gland涎腺囊肿salivary gland cyst涎腺退行性肿大degenerative swelling of salivarygland涎腺先天性缺失congenitalabsence of salivary gland涎腺炎sialadenitis涎腺异位hetrotopic ofsaIivary gland涎腺症sialadenosis腺癌adenocarcinoma腺淋巴瘤adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤腺鳞癌adenosquamous carcinoma腺泡细胞癌acinic cell carcinoma腺样囊性癌adenoid cystic carcinoma小管-腺泡复合体tubelo-acinae-complexs小细胞癌small cell carcinoma小叶状癌lobular carcinoma 血管瘤haemangioma血型物质blood group substances粘液表皮样癌mucoepidermoid carcinoma粘液腺腺瘤样增生adenomatoid hyerplasia of mucous glands植物血凝素受体lectin receptors终末导管癌teminal duct carcinoma转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma组织多肽抗原tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿鼻唇囊肿nasolabial cyst鼻腭管囊肿nasopalatine duct cyst鼻牙槽囊肿nasoalveolar cyst 残余囊肿residual cyst成人龈囊肿gingival cyst of adults发育性根侧囊肿lateral periodontal cyst根尖囊肿radicular cyst含牙囊肿dentigerous cyst畸胎样囊肿teratoid cyst即婴儿龈囊肿Bohn结节甲状舌管囊肿thyroglossaltract cyst假性囊肿pseudocyst颈部淋巴上皮囊肿cervicallymphoepithelial cyst口腔淋巴上皮囊肿orallymphoepithelial cyst滤泡囊肿follicular cyst锚纤维anchoring fibrils萌出囊肿eruption cyst皮样囊肿dermoid cyst皮样样囊肿发epidermoid切牙管囊肿incisive canal cyst切牙窝incisive fossa球状上颌囊肿globlo-maxillary cyst鳃裂囊肿branchial cleft cyst上皮斑epithelial plaque舌下囊肿ranula透明小体Rushton body外渗性粘液囊肿mucousextravasation cyst下颌感染性颊囊肿mandibular infected buccal cyst下颌正中囊肿medianmandibular cyst涎腺牙源性囊肿sialo-odontogenic cyst腺牙源性囊肿glandularodontogenic cyst新生儿牙板囊肿dentallamina cyst of the newborn牙旁囊肿paradental cyst牙源性产粘液囊肿mucusproducing odontogenic cyst牙源性角化囊肿odontogenickeratocyst牙源性囊肿odontogenic cyst炎症性根侧囊肿inflammatory collateral cyst异位口腔胃肠囊肿heterotopic oral gastrointestinalcyst婴儿龈囊肿gingival cyst ofinfants釉突enamel spur粘液囊肿mucocele痣样基底细胞癌综合征Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征naevoid basal cell carcinomasyndrome潴留性粘液囊肿mucousretention cyst第十八章牙源性肿瘤壁成釉细胞瘤muralameloblastoma标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤classic intraosseousameloblastoma成牙骨质细胞瘤cementoblastoma成牙组织dental formativetissue成釉细胞瘤ameloblastoma成釉细胞肉瘤ameloblasticsarcoma成釉细胞纤维瘤ameloblasticfibroma成釉细胞纤维肉瘤ameloblatic fibrosarcoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinoma成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤ameloblastic fibrodentinsarcoma成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma丛状型plexiform pattern丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤desmoplastic ameloblastoma单囊性成釉细胞瘤unicysticameloblastoma恶性成釉细胞瘤malignantameloblastoma反折线reversal line非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生non-neoplastic thickened follicle骨异常增殖症osseousdysplasias混合性牙瘤complex odontoma基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤basal cell ameloblastoma棘皮瘤型acanthomatous type畸形malformation极性倒置reversed polarity角化成釉细胞瘤keratoameloblastoma颗粒细胞型granular cell type 良性成牙骨质细胞瘤benign cementoblastoma滤泡型follicular pattern玫瑰花样结构rosette-like structure明显的玻璃样变marked hyalinization前成釉细胞preameloblast乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤papilliferous keratoameloblastoma 牙本质生成性影细胞癌dentinogenic ghost cell carcinoma 牙本质生成性影细胞瘤dentinogenic ghost cell tumor牙骨质样组织cementoid牙瘤odontoma牙源性癌odontogenic carcinoma牙源性癌肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性钙化囊肿calcifying odontogenic cyst ,COC牙源性钙化囊性瘤calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor牙源性钙化上皮瘤calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor; Pindborg瘤牙源性角化囊性瘤keratocystic odontogenic tumour 牙源性颗粒细胞瘤granular cell odontogenic tumor牙源性鳞状细胞瘤squamous odontogenic tumor牙源性囊肿恶变malignant change in odontogenic cysts牙源性肉瘤odontogenic sarcoma牙源性透明细胞癌clear cellodontogenic carcinoma牙源性透明细胞瘤clear cellodontogenic tumor牙源性纤维瘤odontogenicfibroma牙源性腺样瘤adenomatoidodontogenic tumor, AOT牙源性龈上皮错构瘤odontogenic gingival epithelialhamartoma牙源性影细胞癌odontogenicghost cell carcinoma牙源性影细胞瘤odontogenicghost cell tumor牙源性粘液瘤odontogenicmyxoma牙源性肿瘤odontogenictumor一般型成釉细胞瘤classicameloblastoma影上皮细胞ghost epithelialcell原发性骨内癌primaryintraosseous carcinoma原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌primary intraosseous squamouscell carcinoma粘液瘤myxoma粘液纤维瘤myxofibroma真性牙骨质瘤truecementoma中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）central giant cell lesion（granuloma）周边型peripheralameloblastoma周边性牙源性纤维瘤peripheral odontogenic fibroma转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤metastasizing （malignant）ameloblastoma组合性牙瘤compoundodontoma第十九章口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤和瘤样病变边缘不规则borderirregularity不对称asymmetry车轮状-多形性storiform-pleomorphic成人型纤维肉瘤adultfibrosarcoma成釉细胞癌ameloblasticcarcinoma丛状血管瘤tufted angioma又称进展性毛细血管瘤(progressive capillaryhemangioma)、Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤（angioblastoma ofNakagawa）动静脉性血管瘤arteriovenous hemangioma多形性组织细胞增生症polymorphic histocytosis,PH恶性黑色素瘤malignantmelanoma恶性淋巴瘤malignantlymphoma恶性雀斑样痣lentigomelanoma恶性肉芽肿malignantgranuloma恶性纤维组织细胞瘤malignant fibroushistocytoma,MFH （多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化高级别多形性肉瘤(pleomorphic malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiatedhigh grade pleomorphic sarcoma)；巨细胞型称为巨细胞恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴巨细胞的未分化多形性肉瘤（giant cell malignantfibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiatepleomorphic sarcoma with giantcell）；炎症型称为炎症性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴有明显炎症反应的未分化多形性肉瘤。
