法律专业英语重点

法律英语知识点归纳法律英语是指在法律领域中使用的英语语言和术语。

对于从事国际商法、国际仲裁、国际贸易等方面的工作人员来说，掌握法律英语是非常重要的。

本文将详细介绍一些常用的法律英语知识点。

一、法律体系及法律原则1. Common Law（普通法）：源于英国的法律制度，以判例为基础，注重司法判决的先例。

2. Civil Law（民法）：法律体系以法典为基础，强调通过法典和条例规范法律事务。

3. Statute（法令）：由立法机关制定通过的具有法律效力的规定。

4. Case Law（判例法）：法院对特定案件的判决和裁决形成的先例，对类似案件具有法律约束力。

5. Precedent（先例）：判决或裁决后的法律准则，被认为可以指导类似案件的判决。

6. Hierarchy of Laws（法律等级）：指不同法律的优先级别，一般按照宪法、法令、法律、法规、命令、条例等顺序排列。

二、合同法1. Contract（合同）：双方达成的协议，包括权利和义务。

2. Offer（提议）：要约，表明愿意与他人达成协议。

3. Acceptance（接受）：对提议的同意。

4. Consideration（对价）：作为一方履行合同义务的回报。

5. Breach of Contract（违约）：未能按照合同约定履行义务。

6. Force Majeure（不可抗力）：无法预见或控制的事件，免除违约责任。

7. Jurisdiction（管辖权）：法院对案件有管辖权的能力。

8. Damages（赔偿金）：违约方需支付给另一方的经济损失补偿。

9. Termination（终止）：合同约定的条件下，解除合同关系。

三、知识产权法1. Intellectual Property（知识产权）：由创造性思维产生的无形资产。

2. Copyright（版权）：保护个人作品的权益。

3. Patent（专利）：保护新发明的独特性和可产业化的权益。

4. Trademark（商标）：区分商品来源的标志。

法律专业英语词汇介绍法律专业英语词汇介绍今天店铺给大家精心准备了法律专业的.大部分英语词汇，虽然法律似乎离我们很遥远，但是，必备的法律专业的词汇也是需要我们了解的，希望对大家的英语学习有帮助!1.法律事务1.legal business2.草签合同2.initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract3.长期合同3.long-term contract4.偿付能力4.solvency capability of reimbursement5.超越代理权5.beyond the scope of one’s power of agency6.法人权限6.corporate power7.法人人格7.corporate personality8.法人身份8.status of a legal person9.撤消合同9.cancellation of contract10.撤销合同10.cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract11.撤销权11.right of rescission; right of revocation12.撤销要约12.revocation of offer; revoke an offer13.法人团体13.corporation14.法人资格14.corporate capacity15.刑事审判庭15.criminal tribunal16.刑事诉讼16.criminal proceedings17.刑事诉讼法17.Criminal Procedural Law18.刑事自诉状18.self-incriminating criminal complaint19.证据保全19.preserve evidence20.分析能力20.analysis ability21.调查取证21.investigation and gathering for evidence22.调解22.mediation23.调解书23.mediation24.二审案件24.case of trial of second instance25.发送电子邮件25.send e-mail26.法律顾问26.legal consultants27.法律意见书27.legal opinions28.法律援助28.legal aid29.法律咨询29.legal counseling30.法庭30.division; tribunal31.法学博士学位31.LL.D (Doctor of Laws)32.法学会w society33.法学课程33.legal courses34.法学硕士学位34.LL.M (Master of Laws)35.法学系35.faculty of law; department of law36.法学学士学位36.LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)37.法学院w school38.法院公告38.court announcement39.反诉状39.counterclaim40.房地产律师40.real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 下载全文下载文档。

法律英语重点专业词汇解析1. 法律英语概述法律英语是法学专业中的重要分支之一，涉及到法律文件、合同、法律案例等与法律相关的各种文字材料。

掌握法律英语的专业词汇对于理解和应用法律文本具有重要意义。

2. 法律英语重点专业词汇在法律英语中，有许多准确而专业的词汇需要掌握。

以下是一些常见的法律英语专业词汇的解析：- Act: 法案，指一项通过国会或议会法律程序，成为法律的法案。

- Arbitration: 仲裁，指由第三方解决争议的法律程序。

- Defendant: 被告，指在法庭上被控告的一方。

- Injunction: 禁令，指法院颁发的禁止某些行为的命令。

- Jurisdiction: 管辖权，指法院有权处理某一特定案件的权力。

- Litigation: 诉讼，指通过法律程序解决争议的过程。

- Patent: 专利，指一项新的发明或发现的独特技术。

- Plaintiff: 原告，指在法庭上提起诉讼的一方。

- Tort: 侵权行为，指侵犯他人权益的非法行为。

- Waiver: 放弃，指明确放弃某种合法权利的行为。

3. 法律英语研究方法了解法律英语的专业词汇是研究法律英语的基础。

以下是一些研究法律英语的方法：- 积累词汇：通过背诵和记忆法律英语的专业词汇，增加词汇量和理解能力。

- 阅读法律文本：阅读法律文件、合同和案例，提高对法律英语的理解和应用能力。

- 借助工具：使用法律英语词典、翻译软件等工具，提供准确、专业的词汇解释和翻译。

4. 结论法律英语的专业词汇对于学习和理解法律文本具有至关重要的意义。

通过积累词汇、阅读法律文本以及借助工具，我们可以提高对法律英语的掌握和应用能力。

希望这篇文档能够为学习法律英语的同学们提供一些帮助。

文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.Unit oneUnited States Supreme Court联邦最高法院Common law legal system普通法系Civil law legal system民法体系Case law 判例法Statutory law制定法classical Roman law古罗马法private law私法binding interpretation约束力itinerant judges巡回法官English royal court英国皇家法院Enforcement强制执行Claim请求Action诉讼行为Writ法院令状writ upon the case本案令状equity law衡平法equity case law衡平判例法ex aequo et bono公平且善良specific performance特殊履行injunction禁令equitable relief衡平救济common law relief普通法救济common law damages普通法赔偿civil suit民事诉讼Jurisdictions司法辖区，行政辖区Title权利trial by jury陪审团审判judge-made law法官定法judicial precedent 司法先例stare decisis 遵循先例的原则jurisdiction 司法管辖权、司法管辖区trial court / court of the first instance 一审法院case of (the) first impression 无先例可循的案件appellate court 上诉法院Unit twoLegal Profession法律职业Multistate Bar Exam 多州可采用的（律师资格）考试federal courts联邦法院boards of directors公司的董事会Judge法官Attorney General司法部长（检察长）Chief Justice首席大法官Barristers出庭律师，大律师，诉讼律师Solicitors诉状律师，非诉律师，事务律师Attorney律师practice of law律师实务Lawyers in private practice独立开业的律师single practitioner单独开业者house Counsel专职法律顾问corporate counsel公司法律顾问The United States Department of Justice美国司法部public prosecutors公共检察官Federal prosecutors联邦检察官district attorneys地区检察官Congress of the United States美国国会Unit fourThe supreme Court最高法院Courts of Appeals上诉法院District Courts地区法院Special courts特别法院The Court of Claims索赔法院The Customs Court关税法院Three-tiered model三级审判制Trail Court,审判法院Circuit Court巡回法院Appellate Court , Court of Appeals上诉法院Supreme Court最高法院Justice大法官Judge法官justice of the peace治安法官magistrate司法官Chief Justice首席大法官Associate Justice副（助理）大法官Circuit Judge巡回法官Associate Judge副（助理）发法官Litigant诉讼人Plead his case before诉情由…之前The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit美国联邦巡回上诉法院specialized federal tribunals专门的联邦法庭capital punishment死刑writ of certiorari调案复审令on the bench担任法官期间career judiciary职业法官popular vote公众投票President总统Senate参议院gross misconduct重大失误The American Bar Association’s code of Judicial Conduct美国律师协会的法官行为准则Unit fiveArticles of Confederation 联邦条例BILL OF RIGHTS人权法案Doctrine of constitutional supremacy宪法至上原则Lifetime appointment终身任命Ballot box投票箱Impeachment弹劾misconduct or malfeasance失职或渎职Treason叛国罪Bribery受贿罪Misdemeanor轻罪House of Representatives众议院Senate参议院Legislative立法机关Executive执法机关Judicial司法机关Amendment修正案The doctrine of judicial review司法审查原则The rules and regulations 法规和规章Unit sevenCriminal Law刑法Model Penal Code标准刑法典Crime犯罪Punishment刑罚Criminal liability刑事责任Capital punishment 死刑Insanity defense精神不正常辩护Homicide杀人Self-defense正当防卫forcible felony暴力性重罪Robbery抢劫Burglary盗窃gross negligence严重过失criminal homicide有罪杀人Malice恶意deliberate intention故意Murder谋杀Death (Death penalty)死刑Prison terms extending to “life”终生监禁Prison to a special number of years一定年限的监禁Felony –murder重罪恶意谋杀Co-felons guilty of murder重罪共犯谋杀the commission of the crime实施犯罪Degrees of murder恶意杀人的等级—First degree murder一级谋杀Second degree murder二级谋杀Manslaughter非恶意杀人Voluntary manslaughter自愿性非恶意杀人，故意杀人Involuntary manslaughter非自愿性非恶意杀人，过失杀人great provocation巨大挑衅in the heat of passion激情之下criminal sanction刑事制裁conviction rate定罪率Acquittal 无罪判决“the unwritten law”不成文法“reasonable man”理智的人Unintentional killing 无意的杀人gross negligence重大过失dangerous unlawful conduct非法的危险行为Reckless homicide疏忽大意杀人罪Negligent homicide过失杀人罪fine 罚款incarceration 禁闭penitentiary 监狱Imprisonment监禁Bank robber fugitive银行抢劫逃犯the commission of a very serious crime实施严重的犯罪robbery, burglary or rape抢劫、盗窃、强奸Sentence of death判处死刑Execution执行imposition of the death penalty死刑判决Prospective jurors即任陪审员Conscientious scruples 良心顾忌Unit nineUniform Commercial Code统一商法典Consumer Protection Statutes消费者保护法律Labor Law劳工法Insurance Law保险法Offer要约acceptance,承诺considerationContract performance合同履行Contract interpretation合同解释Breach 违约Remedy补救方法Damages赔偿金Expectation damages预期赔偿金Agreed upon remedies补救协议Equitable relief衡平救济Tangible 有形的,Intangible property无形的财产Real property不动产personal property动产Treason叛国罪Tax evasion偷税罪SLander诽谤Ownership of property财产所有权Legal mechanism法律机制Fraud诈欺Primary source首要法源Secondary source次要法源Restatements of the Law法律注释汇编Stare decisis遵从先例Precedents案例preservation of the status quo保持现状“statute of frauds”欺诈条例Uniform Commercial Code统一商法典constitutional authority宪法授权American Law Institute美国法律研究所The Restatement of Contracts合同法注释汇编judicial discretion司法自由裁量权Unit tenTort Law侵权法Federal Tort claims Act联邦侵权索赔法Intentional tort故意侵权行为Negligence or negligent tort过失侵权行为Strict liability tort严格责任侵权行为Personal tort人身侵权行为Property tort财产侵权行为civil suits民事诉讼damages claims要求赔偿Plaintiff原告Compensation补偿Damages损害contingent fee赔偿金Verdict判决Conversion转换Breach of warranty违反保证诺言state immunity国家豁免heirs or next of kin继承人或近亲属Testator立遗嘱人wrongful death action非正常死亡之诉Dram - shop acts小酒店法令Battery 殴打Assault 侵犯他人身体Conversion of property 非法侵占财产False imprisonment 非法拘禁Trespass to personal and real property 侵占动产、不动产Defamation 诽谤Invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私权Products liability 产品质量责任Liability for Negligence过失侵权责任Causality，Negligent act，Injury因果关系，疏忽行为，损伤duty of care照看义务Guest statutes宾客法规Contributory negligence共同过失Comparative negligence比较过失last clear chance最后明显机会Strict Liability严格责任No fault无过错责任The doctrine of resipsa loquitur不言自明原则fault principle过错原则Medical malpractice 医生渎职insurance premium保险费Actual loss实际损失Unit twelvePublic Corporation,公有公司private Corporation私有公司Corporation sole独有公司Corporation aggregate合有公司Parent Corporation母公司subsidiary Corporation子公司brother Corporation兄弟公司Profit Corporation营利公司Nonprofit Corporation非营利公司Publicly hold Corporation公众持股公司Closely Held Corporation内部持股公司Joint Venture Corporation合资公司Shell Corporation空壳公司Individual proprietorships个体业主Partnerships合伙Corporations公司Uniform Partnership Act同意合伙条例Model Business Corporation Acts标准商务公司条例Securities Act证券法案Securities Exchange Act证券交易条例existing securities现有证券Blue Sky Laws蓝天法Federal Antitrust Laws联邦反托拉斯发Monopolization垄断separate legal entities独立的法律实体written partnership agreement书面合伙协议General partnerships一般合伙Limited partnerships限制合伙Assets, liabilities , dissolution资产，负债，解散publicly held corporations公众持股公司close corporations内部持股公司Secretary of state office州务部长the principal place of business主要营业地Unit fourteenCommercial Law商法The Uniform Commercial Code统一商法典economic welfare经济福利commerce clause商务条款complete grant of power完全的授权commerce power商务条例Modern Commerce Power Tests现代商务权利检验标准Modern Delegation of Power Doctrine 现代授权原则Executive Branch 行政部门interstate commerce 州际商务unconstitutional delegation 违宪的代表团Rulemaking制定行政法规executive agencies行政机构due process 正当程序American Law Institute美国法学会law merchant商业习惯法commercial transaction商务交易business transaction商业交易Sales 买卖Commercial Paper 商业票据Bank Deposit and Collections 银行存款和收款Letters of Credit 信用证Bulk Transfers 大宗转让Documents of Title 所有权凭证Investment Securities 投资证券Secured Transactions 担保交易。

法律英语专业词汇汇总一、律师部分案件受理费courtacceptancefee案情重大、复杂importantandcomplicatedcase案由causeofaction案子被告被诉人毕业证辩护词财产租赁propertytenancy裁定书order;ruling;determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admittedevidence;establishedevidence草拟股权转让协议draftingagreementofassignmentofequityinterests 查阅法条sourcelegalprovisions产权转让conveyancing出差goonerrand;goonabusinesstrip出国深造furtherstudyabroad出庭传票答辩状代理词当事人陈述statementoftheparties第三人thirdparty吊销执业证revocationoflawyerlicense调查笔录investigativerecord调查取证investigationandgatheringforevidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件caseoftrialofsecondinstance发送电子邮件sende-mail法律顾问legalconsultants法庭法学会法学系法学院反诉状counterclaim房地产律师realestatelawyer;realpropertylawyer 非合伙律师associatelawyer非诉讼业务non-litigationpractice高级合伙人seniorpartner高级律师seniorlawyer各类协议和合同agreementsandcontracts 公安局PublicSecurityBureau公司上市companylisting公诉案件public-prosecutingcase公证书监狱缴纳会费membershipdues举证责任burdenofproof;onusprobandi 决定书decision勘验笔录recordofrequest看守所detentionhouse抗诉书protest控告人accuser;complainant跨国诉讼transnationallitigation劳动争议labordisputes劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitrationcommitteeforlabordisputes 劳改场律师律师法律师费律师函律师事务所lawoffice;lawfirm律师收费billingbylawyer律师网站lawyerwebsite律师协会NationalBar(Lawyer)Association律师协会会员memberofLawyerAssociation律师协会秘书长secretarygeneralofBar(Lawyer)Association 律师协会章程ArticlesofLawyerAssocition律师业务室lawyer'soffice律师执业证lawyerlicense律师助理assistantlawyer派出所判决旁证起诉状information;indictment取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表大会NationalLawyerCongress缺席宣判pronouncejudgementordeterminationbydefault人民法院People'sCourt人民检察院People'sProcuratorate认定事实determinefacts上诉案件caseoftrialofsecondinstance;appellatecase 上诉人appellant上诉状petitionforappeal申请人申诉书受害人书证司法部MinistryofJustice司法建议书judicialadvise司法局JudicialBureau司法局副局长deputydirectorofJudicialBureau司法局局长directorofJudicialBureau司法统一考试uniformjudicialexam送达serviceofprocess诉讼litigation;action;lawsuit诉讼当事人litigationparty;litigiousparty 诉讼业务litigationpractice诉状物证嫌疑人休庭adjournthecourt;recess宣判pronouncejudgement;determination宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendanceinadvancedstudies一审案件caseoftrialoffirstinstance与国外律师事务所交流communicatewithforeignlawfirms 原告plaintiff证券律师securitieslawyer证人证言testimonyofwitness;affidavit执行笔录executionrecord仲裁二、诉讼法律案件case案件发回remand/rimitacase(toalowcourt)案件名称titleofacase案卷材料materialsinthecase案情陈述书statementofcase案外人personotherthaninvolvedinthecase案值totalvalueinvolvedinthecase败诉方losingparty办案人员personnelhandlingacase报案被告被害人本诉变通管辖jurisdictionbyaccord辩护defense辩护律师defenseattorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatoryevidence;defenseevidence辩论阶段stageofcourtdebate驳回反诉dismissacounterclaim;rejectacounterclaim驳回请求deny/dismissamotion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismisstheappealandsustaintheoriginaljudgement/ruling不起诉裁定order;determination(指最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdictionbyorder裁定书order;ruling裁决书award采信的证据admittedevidence查封sealup撤回上诉withdrawappeal撤诉withdrawalawsuit撤销立案revokeacaseplacedonfile撤销原判，发回重审传唤答辩答辩状大法官代为申请取保候审agencyforapplicationofthebailpendingtrialwithrestrictedlibertyofmoving 弹劾式诉讼accusatoryprocedure当事人陈述statementoftheparties当庭宣判pronouncementofjudgementorsentenceincourt地区管辖territorialjurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediatePeople'sProcuratorate第三人thirdparty调查笔录recordofinvestigation定期宣判pronouncementofjudgementorsentencelateronafixeddate冻结独任庭二审罚款法官法警bailiff;courtpolice法律文书legalinstruments/papers法律援助legalaid法律咨询legalconsulting法庭辩论courtdebate法庭调查courtinvestigation法庭审理笔录courtrecord法庭审理方式modeofcourttrial法庭庭长chiefjudgeofatribunal法院court反诉反诉状复查复验告诉才处理的案件caseacceptedatcomplaint告诉申诉庭complaintandpetitiondivision工读学校work-studyschoolfordelinquentchildren 公安部MinistryofPublicSecurity公安分局publicsecuritysub-bureau公安厅publicsecuritybureauatthelevelsofprovinces,autonomousregionsandcitiesunderd irectjurisdictionofcentralgovernment公开审理trialinpublic公开审判制度opentrialsystem公诉词管辖合议庭和解回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixedaction基层人民法院basicPeople'sCourt羁押期限termincustody级别管辖subjectmatterjurisdictionofcourtsatdifferentlevels监视居住livingathomeundersurveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorialpower检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorialcommittee 检察院拘传拘留所举报决定书开庭审理openacourtsession开庭通知noticeofcourtsession勘验笔录recordofinquest看守所detentionhouse可执行财产executableproperty控告式诉讼accusatoryproceedings控诉证据incriminatingevidence控诉职能accusationfunction扣押distrainon;attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期劳改场劳教所律师事务所lawoffice;lawfirm律师提前介入priorinterventionbylawyer免于刑事处分exemptionfromcriminalpenalty 民事案件civilcase民事审判庭civiltribunal民事诉讼civilaction民事诉讼法CivilProceduralLaw扭送seizeanddeliverasuspecttothepolice派出法庭detachedtribunal派出所policestation判决判决书旁证陪审员破案破产起诉起诉起诉状indictment;information区县检察院grassrootsPeople'sProcuratorate取保候审thebailpendingtrialwithrestrictedlibertyofmoving 缺席判决defaultjudgement人民调解委员会People'sMediationCommittee认定财产无主案件casesconcerningdeterminationofpropertyasqwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件casesconcerningdeterminationofacitizenasincompetentorwithlimiteddisposingca pacity上诉appeal上诉人上诉状少管所申请人申请书申诉书神示制度ordealsystem审查案件casereview审查并决定逮捕examineanddecidearrest审查起诉阶段stageofreviewandprosecution审理通知书noticeofhearing审判长presidingjudge审判长宣布开庭presidingjudgeannouncecourtinsession审判管辖adjudgement/trialjurisdiction审判监督程序procedurefortrialsupervision审判委员会judicialcommittee审判员胜诉方收容所首席检察官chiefprocurator受害人的近亲属victim'simmediatefamily受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registrationformofacceptanceofcriminalcase 受送达人theaddressee书记员courtclerk书记员宣读法庭纪律courtclerkreadscourtrules 书证documentaryevidence司法部MinistryofJustice司法机关judicialorganizatons司法局司法厅送达搜查诉sue;suit;action;lawsuit诉前财产保全propertyattachmentpriortolawsuit 诉讼litigation;lawsuit;sue;action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigiousparticipants诉讼代理人agentadlitem诉状complaint;billofcomplaint;stateofclaim特别程序specialprocedures提起公诉instituteapublicprosecution铁路法院railwaycourt通缉投案物证刑事案件criminalcase刑事拘留criminaldetention刑事强制拘留criminalcoercive/compulsorymeasures 刑事审判庭criminaltribunal刑事诉讼criminalproceedings刑事诉讼法CriminalProceduralLaw刑事自诉状self-incriminatingcriminalcomplaint 行政案件administrativecase行政审判庭administrativetribunal行政诉讼administrativeproceedings训诫一审应诉通知书noticeofrespondencetoaction有罪判决sentence;findingof"guilty"予审preliminaryexaminantion;pretrial原告plaintiff院长courtpresident阅卷笔录recordoffilereview(bylawyers)再审案件caseofretrial再审申请书petitionforretrial责令具结悔过ordertosignastatementofrepentance 债权人会议creditors'meeting证据支付令执行庭executivetribunal执行异议objectiontoexecution执行员executor执行中止discontinuanceofexecution执行终结conclusionofexecution指定辩护appointeddefense指定仲裁员声明statementofappointingarbitrator中级人民法院intermediatePeople'sCourt中途退庭retreatduringcourtsessionwithoutpermission 仲裁arbitration仲裁庭仲裁员专属管辖exclusivejurisdiction追究刑事责任investigateforcriminalresponsibility 自首confessiontojustice自诉案件private-prosecutingcase自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrineofdiscretionalevaluationofevidence 自侦案件self-investigatingcase最高人民法院theSupremePeople'sCourt最高人民检察院theSupremePeople'sProcuratorate最后裁决书finalaward制定法判例法普通法特别法固有法继受法实体法程序法原则法例外法司法解释judicialinterpretation习惯法customarylaw公序良俗publicorderandmoral自然法naturallaw罗马法RomanLaw私法privatelaw公法publiclaw市民法juscivile万民法jusgentium民法法系civillawsystem普通法大陆法衡平法教会法寺院法禁止规范forbiddingnorm义务性规范obligatorynorm命令性规范commandingnorm民法基本原则fundamentalprinciplesofcivillaw 平等原则principleofequality自愿原则principleoffreewill公平原则principleofjustice等价有偿原则principleofequalvalueexchange 诚实信用原则principleofgoodfaith行为act作为不作为绝对权相对权优先权先买权原权救济权支配权请求权物上请求权rightofclaimforrealthing形成权rightofformation撤销权rightofclaimingcancellation否认权rightofclaimingcancellation解除权rightofrenouncement代位权subrogatedright选择权rightofchoice承认权rightofadmission 终止权rightoftermination 抗辩权rightofdefense既得权期待权专属权人权人格权姓名权名称权rightofname肖像权rightofportraiture 自由权rightoffreedom名誉权rightreputation隐私权rightofprivacy私生活秘密权rightofprivacy贞操权virginityright身份权rightofstatus亲权parentalpower;parentalright 亲属权rightofrelative探视权配偶权荣誉权自助行为actofself-help不可抗力forcemajeure意外事件accident行为能力capacityforact意思能力capacityofwill民事行为civilact意思表示declarationofintention意思表示一致meetingofminds;consensus完全行为能力perfectcapacityforact限制行为能力restrictivecapacityforact保佐自然人公民住所居所户籍监护农村承包经营户leaseholdingruralhousehold 合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnershipagreement合伙财产propertyofpartnership合伙债务debtofpartnership入伙joinpartnership退伙withdrawalfrompartnership合伙企业partnershipbusinessestablishment个人合伙partnership法人中外合资企业Sino-foreignjointventureenterprise 中外合作企业Sino-foreigncontractualenterprise 社团法人legalbodyofmassorganization财团法人legalbodyoffinancialgroup联营jointventure法人型联营associationoflegalpersons合伙型联营coordinatedmanagementinpartnership协作型联营cooperation-typecoordinatedmanagement 合作社cooperative民事法律行为civillegalact附条件民事法律行为conditionalcivillegalact附期限民事法律行为civillegalactwithterm生前民事法律行为civillegalactbeforedeath死后民事法律行为civillegalactafterdeath准民事法律行为quasi-civillegalact无效行为ineffectiveact可撤销民事行为revocablecivilact违法行为illegalact;unlawfulact侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫误传代理本人受托人代理人法定代理人statutoryagent;legalagent 委托代理人agentbymandate指定代理人designatedagent复代理人subagent再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权rightofagency授权行为actofauthorization授权委托书powerofattorney代理行为actofagency本代理复代理次代理居间居间人broker行纪commission;brokerhouse信托trust时效timelimit;prescription;limitation时效中止suspensionofprescription/limitation时效中断interruptionoflimitation/prescription时效延长extensionoflimitation取得时效acquisitiveprescription时效终止lapseoftime;terminationofprescription期日date期间准据法反致转致识别国籍国有化行政责任administrativeliability/responsibility刑事责任criminalliability/responsibility违约责任liabilityofbreachofcontract;responsibilityofdefault 有限责任limitedliability无限责任unlimitedliability按份责任shared/severalliability连带责任jointandseveralliability过失责任liabilityfornegligence;negligentliability 过错责任faultliability;liabilityforfault单独过错solefault恶意故意过失无形损失intangibledamage/loss财产损失propertydamage/loss人身损失personaldamage/loss精神损失spiritualdamage/loss民事责任承担方式methodsofbearingcivilliability停止侵害ceasetheinfringingact排除妨碍exclusionofhindrance;removalofobstacle 消除危险eliminationofdanger返还财产restitutionofproperty恢复原状restitution;restitutionoforiginalstate物权物权法物生活资料meansoflivelihood;meansofsubsistence流通物resincommercium;athingincommerce限制流通物limitedmerchantablething禁止流通物resextracommercium;athingoutofcommerce 资产asset固定资产fixedasset流动资产currentasset;floatingasset动产movables;chattel不动产immovable;realestate特定物rescertae;acertainthing种类物可分物主物从物原物孳息无主物遗失物漂流物埋藏物货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类classificationofrightinrem/realright 自物权jusinrepropria;rightoffullownership所有权dominium;ownership;title所有权凭证documentoftitle;titleofownership占有权dominiumutile;equitableownership使用权rightofuse;righttouseof收益权righttoearnings;righttoyields处分权他物权使用权林权采矿权经营权相邻权neighboringright;relatedright地上权superficies永佃权jusemphyteuticum;righttolandedestategrantedinperpetuitythroughacontract 地役权servitude;easement人役权servituspersonarum;personalservitude担保物权realrightforsecurity物的担保securityforthing物的瑕疵担保warrantyagainstdefectofathing抵押权hypotheca;hypothecation;righttomortgage抵押人留置权lien一般留置权generallien特别留置权speciallien质权hypotheque;pledge;rightofpledge佃权tenantright债权jusinpersonam;righttogiveorprocure;claim;creditor'sright 债权人creditor债务人debtor相对人counterpart;offeree给付give;pay债务主债从债accessoryobligation单一之债singleobligation按份之债severalobligation连带之债jointobligation特定之债certainobligation种类之债indefiniteobligation合同之债contractualobligation侵权行为之债tortobligation损害赔偿之债obligationofcompensationforinjury;obligationofdamages 人身损害damagetoperson医药费医疗费抚恤金慰问金保证明示保证expressguaranty默示保证impliedguaranty保证人guarantor保证合同contractofguaranty/suretyship保证金guarantybond;securitydeposit押金deposit;foregift预付款advancedpayment定金earnestmoney;deposit违约金liquidateddamages法定违约金liquidateddamagesbylaw清偿提存抵销特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectualproperty著作权copyright版权copyright著作权人copyrightowner创作creation作品opus;product;work著作人格权rightofpersonalityofcopyright 发表权rightofpublication署名权rightofauthorship;rightofpaternity 修改权收回权利用权重播权录制权剽窃plagiary;plagiarism盗版pirate盗版VCDpiratedVCD伪造forge工业产权industrialproperty专利权patentright优先权日prioritydate申请在先原则priorapplicationrule使用在先priorityofuse新颖性novelty创造性实用性发明权发现权专有技术know-how专利证书certificateofpatent专利事务所patentoffice专利代理patentagency中华人民共和国专利局PatentOfficeofthePeople'sRepublicofChina商标权trademarkright商标国际注册internationalregistrationoftrademark 商品商标commoditytrademark服务商标servicetrademark驰名商标reputedtrademark婚姻法maritallaw;marriagelaw包办婚姻arrangedmarriage财产分割partition;dismembermentofproperty重婚bigamy独生子女onlychild法律婚legalmarriage非婚生子女illegitimatechild夫妻共同财产communityproperty夫妻关系conjugalrelationship夫妻分居divorceamensaetthoro;divorcefrombedandboard 复婚结婚离婚配偶事实婚defactomarriage诉讼离婚divorcebylitigation探视权visitationright同居cohabitation晚婚latemarriage无效婚姻voidmarriage协议离婚divorcebyagreement 一夫一妻制monogamy早婚earlymarriage直系血亲linealdescent收养法收养人送养人继承法间接继承indirectsuccession 转继承subsuccession共同继承jointsuccession单独继承singlesuccession 继承人heir;successor第二顺序继承人successorsecondinorder第一顺序继承人successorfirstinorder继承参与人successionparticipant遗产inheritance;heritage遗产继承人heirtoproperty;inheritor遗言遗书遗赠会计法税法公司法公司company;corporation有限责任公司limitedliabilitycompany股份有限公司companylimitedbyshares无限公司unlimitedcompany股份两合公司jointstocklimitedliabilitypartnership。

L1:cause of action 诉因,案由social norm 社会规范substantive law, 实体法,立法procedural law,程序法resolve disputes, 争端解决public law 公法private law 私法constitutional law, 宪法administrative law, 行政法criminal law, 刑法sources of law, 法律渊源coercive force, ?强制力?civil law system,民事法律制度Roman law, 罗马法judge-made law, 法官法common law system, 普通法系case law, 判例法binding precedent, 有约束力的先例judicial decision, 司法判决in effect,生效的the United States Congress 美国国会L2:substantive right, 实体性权利at issue,choice of law rule,法律选择规范conflict of law, 法律冲突choice of forum, 法庭选择intermediate appellate court, 中间上诉法院trial court, 审判法庭court of limited jurisdiction, 有限管辖法院inferior court, 低级法院,下级法院court of general jurisdiction, 普遍管辖权法院at the discretion of,由....自由裁量district court, 地方法院state court, 州法院the federal court system,联邦法院系统subject matter jurisdiction,对事管辖权amount in controversy, 争议数额diversity jurisdiction, 多元管辖circuit court 巡回法院“federal question” jurisdiction, 联邦问题管辖the United States Court of Appeals, 美国上诉法院the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, 哥伦比亚区的上诉法院the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, 联邦巡回上诉法院original jurisdiction,初审管辖the Supreme Court of the United States, 美国最高法院appellate jurisdiction 上述管辖L3:adversary system, 当事人主义judicial process,司法程序legal controversy, 法律争议regulatory legislation, 规范性法规enabling legislation, 授权性法规trial procedure, 审判程序find the facts, apply the law,法律适用civil case, 民事案件criminal case, 刑事案件the inquisitorial system, 纠问制pre-trial investigation,庭前审查mode of trial, 庭审模式settlement offer,direct examination,直接质证cross examination, 间接质证procedural safeguard,程序保护interested parties 当事人due process, 正当诉讼程序, admissibility of evidence,证据的可采纳性resort to law, 诉诸法律resort to force 诉诸武力L4:commence a lawsuit, 提起诉讼bring sb. into court, 提起诉讼courts of inferior jurisdiction, file with 把...登记备案federal jurisdiction, minimum contact最低限度的联系personal jurisdiction, 对人管辖权service of process,送达程序under penalty of default judgment, legal relief, 法律救济service by publication, 公告送达make a motion to dismiss, 驳回动议pleading-in-answer, 答辩状affirmative defense, 积极抗辩counter-claim, 反诉n essence实质上L5:the opposing party, 对方pre-trial discovery,审前取证take depositions of, 录取誓词question sb. under oath,经宣誓后质问某人lay a basis for, 为....打基础written interrogatory, 质询书interrogating party, 质询方personal injury case,人身伤害案compulsory physical examination,强制体检the pending action, 待决判决the violating party,违反的一方pretrial conference, 审前会议settle the suitsummary judgment, 即决判决decide the case in favor of,做出有利动议方的判决legitimate function,合法功能notice of trial,set the case for trial, 把案件提交庭审jury trial陪审团判决的案件L6:an action for damages,金钱赔偿诉讼constitutional provision,impanel the jury,组成陪审团challenge for cause,相对异议peremptory challenge, 绝地异议opening statement,公开声明发言directed verdict, 指令性裁决the non-moving party,非动议方charge the jury, 给陪审团上课burden of proof,举证责任preponderance of evidence, 优势证据the losing party,post-trial motion, 审后动议judgment n.o.v.否定陪审团裁决的判决L7:render a judgment on default, 作出缺席判决writ of execution,执行令judgment creditor, 判决债权人judgment debtor,判决债务人reverse the judgment, 推翻原判written brief, ruling of law, 法治..（注意不是法制）affirm the judgment, 维持原判modify the judgment, 改判concurring opinion, 同意意见dissenting opinion, 反对意见res judicata, 已决案件set aside attachment 驳回L8criminal process, 刑事程序deprive sb. of ,剥夺某人的find sb. guilty, 发现某人有罪the right to remain silent,保持沉默的权利the right to bail, double jeopardy,一事不再罚summary arrest,即行逮捕grand jury,大陪审团preliminary hearing,预审nolo contendere,不争辩不提异议plead guilty, 服罪plea bargaining,认罪辩诉协议on probation, 在缓刑期间,在监外执行期suspended sentence,缓刑reverse the conviction, 推翻犯罪writ of certiorariL9 （Unit 2，L1）Chief Justice, lay down, provide for,the judiciary, commander-in-chief,prime minister, American presidency,presidential democracy, regulatory agency,the Interstate Commerce Commission,the Federal Trade Commission,the Federal Securities and Exchange Commission,the Civil Aeronautics Board, congressional election, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,the Export-import Bank, House of Representatives, the Federal Reserve Bank System, Secretary of State, express legislative competency, maritime law, President of the Senate, enter into force,two-thirds majority, election district。

Unit oneUnited States Supreme Court联邦最高法院Common law legal system普通法系Civil law legal system民法体系Case law 判例法Statutory law制定法classical Roman law古罗马法private law私法binding interpretation约束力itinerant judges巡回法官English royal court英国皇家法院Enforcement强制执行Claim请求Action诉讼行为Writ法院令状writ upon the case本案令状equity law衡平法equity case law衡平判例法ex aequo et bono公平且善良specific performance特殊履行injunction禁令equitable relief衡平救济common law relief普通法救济common law damages普通法赔偿civil suit民事诉讼Jurisdictions司法辖区，行政辖区Title权利trial by jury陪审团审判judge-made law法官定法judicial precedent 司法先例stare decisis 遵循先例的原则jurisdiction 司法管辖权、司法管辖区trial court / court of the first instance 一审法院case of (the) first impression 无先例可循的案件appellate court 上诉法院Unit twoLegal Profession法律职业Multistate Bar Exam 多州可采用的（律师资格）考试federal courts联邦法院boards of directors公司的董事会Judge法官Attorney General司法部长（检察长）Chief Justice首席大法官Barristers出庭律师，大律师，诉讼律师Solicitors诉状律师，非诉律师，事务律师Attorney律师practice of law律师实务Lawyers in private practice独立开业的律师single practitioner单独开业者house Counsel专职法律顾问corporate counsel公司法律顾问The United States Department of Justice美国司法部public prosecutors公共检察官Federal prosecutors联邦检察官district attorneys地区检察官Congress of the United States美国国会Unit fourThe supreme Court最高法院Courts of Appeals上诉法院District Courts地区法院Special courts特别法院The Court of Claims索赔法院The Customs Court关税法院Three-tiered model三级审判制Trail Court,审判法院Circuit Court巡回法院Appellate Court , Court of Appeals上诉法院Supreme Court最高法院Justice大法官Judge法官justice of the peace治安法官magistrate司法官Chief Justice首席大法官Associate Justice副（助理）大法官Circuit Judge巡回法官Associate Judge副（助理）发法官Litigant诉讼人Plead his case before诉情由…之前The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit美国联邦巡回上诉法院specialized federal tribunals专门的联邦法庭capital punishment死刑writ of certiorari调案复审令on the bench担任法官期间career judiciary职业法官popular vote公众投票President总统Senate参议院gross misconduct重大失误The American Bar Association’s code of Judicial Conduct美国律师协会的法官行为准则Unit fiveArticles of Confederation 联邦条例BILL OF RIGHTS人权法案Doctrine of constitutional supremacy宪法至上原则Lifetime appointment终身任命Ballot box投票箱Impeachment弹劾misconduct or malfeasance失职或渎职T reason叛国罪Bribery受贿罪Misdemeanor轻罪House of Representatives众议院Senate参议院Legislative立法机关Executive执法机关Judicial司法机关Amendment修正案The doctrine of judicial review司法审查原则The rules and regulations 法规和规章Unit sevenCriminal Law刑法Model Penal Cod e标准刑法典Crime犯罪Punishment刑罚Criminal liability刑事责任Capital punishment 死刑Insanity defense精神不正常辩护Homicide杀人Self-defense正当防卫forcible felony暴力性重罪Robbery抢劫Burglary盗窃gross negligence严重过失criminal homicide有罪杀人Malice恶意deliberate intention故意Murder谋杀Death (Death penalty)死刑Prison terms extending to “life”终生监禁Prison to a special number of years一定年限的监禁Felony –murder重罪恶意谋杀Co-felons guilty of murder重罪共犯谋杀the commission of the crime实施犯罪Degrees of murder恶意杀人的等级—First degree murder一级谋杀Second degree murder二级谋杀Manslaughter非恶意杀人Voluntary manslaughter自愿性非恶意杀人，故意杀人Involuntary manslaughter非自愿性非恶意杀人，过失杀人great provocation巨大挑衅in the heat of passion激情之下criminal sanction刑事制裁conviction rate定罪率Acquittal 无罪判决“the unwritten law”不成文法“reasonable man”理智的人Unintentional killing 无意的杀人gross negligence重大过失dangerous unlawful conduct非法的危险行为Reckless homicide疏忽大意杀人罪Negligent homicid e过失杀人罪fine 罚款incarceration 禁闭penitentiary 监狱Imprisonment监禁Bank robber fugitive银行抢劫逃犯the commission of a very serious crime实施严重的犯罪robbery, burglary or rape抢劫、盗窃、强奸Sentence of death判处死刑Execution执行imposition of the death penalty死刑判决Prospective jurors即任陪审员Conscientious scruples 良心顾忌Unit nineUniform Commercial Code统一商法典Consumer Protection Statutes消费者保护法律Labor Law劳工法Insurance Law保险法Offer要约acceptance,承诺considerationContract performance合同履行Contract interpretation合同解释Breach 违约Remedy补救方法Damages赔偿金Expectation damages预期赔偿金Agreed upon remedies补救协议Equitable relief衡平救济T angible 有形的,Intangible property无形的财产Real property不动产personal property动产T reason叛国罪T ax evasion偷税罪SLander诽谤Ownership of property财产所有权Legal mechanism法律机制Fraud诈欺Primary source首要法源Secondary source次要法源Restatements of the Law法律注释汇编Stare decisis遵从先例Precedents案例preservation of the status quo保持现状“statute of frauds”欺诈条例Uniform Commercial Code统一商法典constitutional authority宪法授权American Law Institute美国法律研究所The Restatement of Contracts合同法注释汇编judicial discretion司法自由裁量权Unit tenT ort Law侵权法Federal T ort claims Act联邦侵权索赔法Intentional tort故意侵权行为Negligence or negligent tort过失侵权行为Strict liability tort严格责任侵权行为Personal tort人身侵权行为Property tort财产侵权行为civil suits民事诉讼damages claims要求赔偿Plaintiff原告Compensation补偿Damages损害contingent fee赔偿金Verdict判决Conversion转换Breach of warranty违反保证诺言state immunity国家豁免heirs or next of kin继承人或近亲属T estator立遗嘱人wrongful death action非正常死亡之诉Dram - shop acts小酒店法令Battery 殴打Assault 侵犯他人身体Conversion of property 非法侵占财产False imprisonment 非法拘禁T respass to personal and real property 侵占动产、不动产Defamation 诽谤Invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私权Products liability 产品质量责任Liability for Negligence过失侵权责任Causality，Negligent act，Injury因果关系，疏忽行为，损伤duty of care照看义务Guest statutes宾客法规Contributory negligence共同过失Comparative negligence比较过失last clear chance最后明显机会Strict Liability严格责任No fault无过错责任The doctrine of resipsa loquitur不言自明原则fault principle过错原则Medical malpractice 医生渎职insurance premium保险费Actual loss实际损失Unit twelvePublic Corporation,公有公司private Corporation私有公司Corporation sole独有公司Corporation aggregate合有公司Parent Corporation母公司subsidiary Corporation子公司brother Corporation兄弟公司Profit Corporation营利公司Nonprofit Corporation非营利公司Publicly hold Corporation公众持股公司Closely Held Corporation内部持股公司Joint Venture Corporation合资公司Shell Corporation空壳公司Individual proprietorship s个体业主Partnerships合伙Corporations公司Uniform Partnership Act同意合伙条例Model Business Corporation Acts标准商务公司条例Securities Act证券法案Securities Exchange Act证券交易条例existing securities现有证券Blue Sky Laws蓝天法Federal Antitrust Laws联邦反托拉斯发Monopolization垄断separate legal entities独立的法律实体written partnership agreement书面合伙协议General partnerships一般合伙Limited partnership s限制合伙Assets, liabilities , dissolution资产，负债，解散publicly held corporations公众持股公司close corporations内部持股公司Secretary of state office州务部长the principal place of business主要营业地Unit fourteenCommercial Law商法The Uniform Commercial Code统一商法典economic welfare经济福利commerce clause商务条款complete grant of power完全的授权commerce power商务条例Modern Commerce Power T ests现代商务权利检验标准Modern Delegation of Power Doctrine 现代授权原则Executive Branch 行政部门interstate commerce 州际商务unconstitutional delegation 违宪的代表团Rulemaking制定行政法规executive agencies行政机构due process 正当程序American Law Institute美国法学会law merchant商业习惯法commercial transaction商务交易business transaction商业交易Sales 买卖Commercial Paper 商业票据Bank Deposit and Collections 银行存款和收款Letters of Credit 信用证Bulk T ransfers 大宗转让Documents of Title 所有权凭证Investment Securities 投资证券Secured T ransactions 担保交易。

法律英语重点专业术语1. 异议（Objection）- 定义：宣称对某项证据、诉讼程序或推定事实的合法性提出质疑。

- 例句：The defense lawyer raised an objection to the admissibility of the witness's statement. (辩护律师对证人陈述的可证据性提出了异议。

)2. 陪审团（Jury）- 定义：由普通公民组成的法庭成员小组，负责听取证据并对案件作出裁决。

- 例句：The defendant requested a trial by jury. (被告请求进行陪审团审判。

)3. 遗嘱（Will）- 定义：被遗嘱人在生前所做的书面声明，规定了他们在去世后财产、遗产、监护权等方面的安排。

- 例句：The deceased's will was read out in the presence of the family members. (在家人面前宣读了亡人的遗嘱。

)4. 聆讯（Hearing）- 定义：在法庭上进行的非正式讨论或审理，目的是解决特定问题。

- 例句：The hearing was adjourned until next week. (聆讯被延期至下周。

)5. 保释（Bail）- 定义：通过支付一定金额或提供财产作为抵押，被告在审判期间被保释出狱，以确保其出庭接受审判。

- 例句：The judge granted bail to the defendant pending further investigation. (法官在进一步调查前准许了被告的保释。

)6. 联邦调查局（FBI）- 定义：美国联邦调查局，是美国国内主要负责执法和情报收集的联邦机构。

- 例句：The FBI is conducting an investigation into the case. (FBI 正在对该案展开调查。

Legal English考试分数占70 上课回答问占10 Presentation 占20客观题填空主观题名词解释占20 判断占80 简答题选择翻译论述题第一章总体介绍重点前五个关键词法系英美法特点两个主义遵循先例三推一1.【legal family】The doctrine of legal families seeks to establish common groups, identifying similar legal practices, activities and subject matter and thereby classifying the entirety of global legal transactions and activities into "families" according to particular criteria. The traditional and almost exclusive focus on the continental European and Anglo-American systems.法系的信条是争取建立共同的团体,识别相似的法律实践,活动和主题从而将整个全球法律事务和活动分为“家庭”根据特定的标准。

传统的和几乎独有的法律都集中在欧洲大陆和英美系统。

2.【英美法的特点】Main characteristic① In the way of thinking and mode of operation of law, the common law system is the use of inductive methods. 归纳法② in the legal form, the case law plays an important role.判例法很重要③In the classification of the law, common law there is not strictly department law In the classification of the law, common law there is not strictly department law 普通法无严格分类④In education law area, common law in the United States is mainly located in vocational education.职业教育⑤In the legal profession, judges of the Federal Court of Justice are generally from lawyers.从律师做到法官3.【两个主义】4.【遵循先例原则】后文也有此处提到The Doctrine of Stare ; The doctrine ofstare decisis; Stare Decisis; the principle of stare decisis;the Precedent Principle.5.【犯罪构成理论：三推一】The theory of constitution of crime in civil law system.犯罪构成理论，强调严格以制定法为依据，将行为人和行为带入犯罪构成体系中进行衡量，得出是否构成犯罪的结论。