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阿基米德蜗杆Archimedes worm安全系数safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷safe load凹面、凹度concavity扳手wrench板簧flat leaf spring半圆键woodruff key变形deformation摆杆oscillating bar摆动从动件oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮cycloidal gear摆线齿形cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律cycloidal motion摆线针轮cycloidal-pin wheel包角angle of contact保持架cage背对背安装back-to-back arrangement背锥back cone ；normal cone背锥角back angle背锥距back cone distance比例尺scale比热容specific heat capacity闭式链closed kinematic chain闭链机构closed chain mechanism臂部arm变频器frequency converters变频调速frequency control of motor speed行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)变速speed change变速齿轮change gear change wheel变位齿轮modified gear变位系数modification coefficient标准齿轮standard gear标准直齿轮standard spur gear表面质量系数superficial mass factor表面传热系数surface coefficient of heat transfer表面粗糙度surface roughness并联式组合combination in parallel并联机构parallel mechanism并联组合机构parallel combined mechanism并行工程concurrent engineering并行设计concurred design, CD不平衡相位phase angle of unbalance不平衡imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构intermittent gearing波发生器wave generator波数number of waves补偿compensation参数化设计parameterization design, PD残余应力residual stress操纵及控制装置operation control device槽轮Geneva wheel槽轮机构Geneva mechanism ；Maltese cross槽数Geneva numerate槽凸轮groove cam侧隙backlash差动轮系differential gear train差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism差速器differential常用机构conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use 车床lathe承载量系数bearing capacity factor承载能力bearing capacity成对安装paired mounting尺寸系列dimension series齿槽tooth space齿槽宽spacewidth齿侧间隙backlash齿顶高addendum齿顶圆addendum circle行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)齿根高dedendum齿根圆dedendum circle齿厚tooth thickness齿距circular pitch齿宽face width齿廓tooth profile齿廓曲线tooth curve齿轮gear齿轮变速箱speed-changing gear boxes齿轮齿条机构pinion and rack齿轮插刀pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter 齿轮滚刀hob ,hobbing cutter齿轮机构gear齿轮轮坯blank齿轮传动系pinion unit齿轮联轴器gear coupling齿条传动rack gear齿数tooth number齿数比gear ratio齿条rack齿条插刀rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齿形链、无声链silent chain齿形系数form factor齿式棘轮机构tooth ratchet mechanism插齿机gear shaper重合点coincident points重合度contact ratio冲床punch传动比transmission ratio, speed ratio传动装置gearing; transmission gear传动系统driven system传动角transmission angle传动轴transmission shaft串联式组合combination in series串联式组合机构series combined mechanism串级调速cascade speed control创新innovation creation创新设计creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷normal load唇形橡胶密封lip rubber seal磁流体轴承magnetic fluid bearing从动带轮driven pulley从动件driven link, follower行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)从动件平底宽度width of flat-face从动件停歇follower dwell从动件运动规律follower motion从动轮driven gear粗线bold line粗牙螺纹coarse thread大齿轮gear wheel打包机packer打滑slipping带传动belt driving带轮belt pulley带式制动器band brake单列轴承single row bearing单向推力轴承single-direction thrust bearing单万向联轴节single universal joint单位矢量unit vector当量齿轮equivalent spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth 当量摩擦系数equivalent coefficient of friction当量载荷equivalent load刀具cutter导数derivative倒角chamfer导热性conduction of heat导程lead导程角lead angle等加等减速运动规律parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion 等速运动规律uniform motion; constant velocity motion等径凸轮conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮constant-breadth cam等效构件equivalent link等效力equivalent force等效力矩equivalent moment of force等效量equivalent等效质量equivalent mass等效转动惯量equivalent moment of inertia等效动力学模型dynamically equivalent model底座chassis低副lower pair点划线chain dotted line（疲劳）点蚀pitting垫圈gasket垫片密封gasket seal行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)碟形弹簧belleville spring顶隙bottom clearance定轴轮系ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes动力学dynamics动密封kinematical seal动能dynamic energy动力粘度dynamic viscosity动力润滑dynamic lubrication动平衡dynamic balance动平衡机dynamic balancing machine动态特性dynamic characteristics动态分析设计dynamic analysis design动压力dynamic reaction动载荷dynamic load端面transverse plane端面参数transverse parameters端面齿距transverse circular pitch端面齿廓transverse tooth profile端面重合度transverse contact ratio端面模数transverse module端面压力角transverse pressure angle锻造forge对称循环应力symmetry circulating stress对心滚子从动件radial (or in-line ) roller follower对心直动从动件radial (or in-line ) translating follower对心移动从动件radial reciprocating follower对心曲柄滑块机构in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 多列轴承multi-row bearing多楔带poly V-belt多项式运动规律polynomial motion多质量转子rotor with several masses惰轮idle gear额定寿命rating life额定载荷load ratingII 级杆组dyad发生线generating line发生面generating plane法面normal plane法面参数normal parameters法面齿距normal circular pitch法面模数normal module法面压力角normal pressure angle法向齿距normal pitch行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)法向齿廓normal tooth profile法向直廓蜗杆straight sided normal worm法向力normal force反馈式组合feedback combining反向运动学inverse ( or backward) kinematics反转法kinematic inversion反正切Arctan范成法generating cutting仿形法form cutting方案设计、概念设计concept design, CD防振装置shockproof device飞轮flywheel飞轮矩moment of flywheel非标准齿轮nonstandard gear非接触式密封non-contact seal非周期性速度波动aperiodic speed fluctuation非圆齿轮non-circular gear粉末合金powder metallurgy分度线reference line; standard pitch line分度圆reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle 分度圆柱导程角lead angle at reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋角helix angle at reference cylinder分母denominator分子numerator分度圆锥reference cone; standard pitch cone分析法analytical method封闭差动轮系planetary differential复合铰链compound hinge复合式组合compound combining复合轮系compound (or combined) gear train复合平带compound flat belt复合应力combined stress复式螺旋机构Compound screw mechanism复杂机构complex mechanism杆组Assur group干涉interference刚度系数stiffness coefficient刚轮rigid circular spline钢丝软轴wire soft shaft刚体导引机构body guidance mechanism刚性冲击rigid impulse (shock)刚性转子rigid rotor刚性轴承rigid bearing行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)刚性联轴器rigid coupling高度系列height series高速带high speed belt高副higher pair格拉晓夫定理Grashoff`s law根切undercutting公称直径nominal diameter高度系列height series功work工况系数application factor工艺设计technological design工作循环图working cycle diagram工作机构operation mechanism工作载荷external loads工作空间working space工作应力working stress工作阻力effective resistance工作阻力矩effective resistance moment公法线common normal line公共约束general constraint公制齿轮metric gears功率power功能分析设计function analyses design共轭齿廓conjugate profiles共轭凸轮conjugate cam构件link鼓风机blower固定构件fixed link; frame固体润滑剂solid lubricant关节型操作器jointed manipulator惯性力inertia force惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shaking moment 惯性力平衡balance of shaking force惯性力完全平衡full balance of shaking force惯性力部分平衡partial balance of shaking force 惯性主矩resultant moment of inertia惯性主失resultant vector of inertia冠轮crown gear广义机构generation mechanism广义坐标generalized coordinate轨迹生成path generation轨迹发生器path generator滚刀hob行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)滚道raceway滚动体rolling element滚动轴承rolling bearing滚动轴承代号rolling bearing identification code 滚针needle roller滚针轴承needle roller bearing滚子roller滚子轴承roller bearing滚子半径radius of roller滚子从动件roller follower滚子链roller chain滚子链联轴器double roller chain coupling滚珠丝杆ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器roller clutch过度切割undercutting函数发生器function generator函数生成function generation含油轴承oil bearing耗油量oil consumption耗油量系数oil consumption factor赫兹公式H. Hertz equation合成弯矩resultant bending moment合力resultant force合力矩resultant moment of force黑箱black box横坐标abscissa互换性齿轮interchangeable gears花键spline滑键、导键feather key滑动轴承sliding bearing滑动率sliding ratio滑块slider环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm环形弹簧annular spring缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber灰铸铁grey cast iron回程return回转体平衡balance of rotors混合轮系compound gear train积分integrate机电一体化系统设计mechanical-electrical integration system design 机构mechanism机构分析analysis of mechanism行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)机构平衡balance of mechanism机构学mechanism机构运动设计kinematic design of mechanism机构运动简图kinematic sketch of mechanism机构综合synthesis of mechanism机构组成constitution of mechanism机架frame, fixed link机架变换kinematic inversion机器machine机器人robot机器人操作器manipulator机器人学robotics技术过程technique process技术经济评价technical and economic evaluation技术系统technique system机械machinery机械创新设计mechanical creation design, MCD机械系统设计mechanical system design, MSD机械动力分析dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力设计dynamic design of machinery机械动力学dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计modern machine design机械系统mechanical system机械利益mechanical advantage机械平衡balance of machinery机械手manipulator机械设计machine design; mechanical design机械特性mechanical behavior机械调速mechanical speed governors机械效率mechanical efficiency机械原理theory of machines and mechanisms机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of speed fluctuation机械无级变速mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命basic rating life基于实例设计case-based design,CBD基圆base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距base pitch基圆压力角pressure angle of base circle基圆柱base cylinder基圆锥base cone急回机构quick-return mechanism行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)急回特性quick-return characteristics急回系数advance-to return-time ratio急回运动quick-return motion棘轮ratchet棘轮机构ratchet mechanism棘爪pawl极限位置extreme (or limiting) position极位夹角crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing, CAM计算机集成制造系统computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS 计算力矩factored moment; calculation moment计算弯矩calculated bending moment加权系数weighting efficient加速度acceleration加速度分析acceleration analysis加速度曲线acceleration diagram尖点pointing; cusp尖底从动件knife-edge follower间隙backlash间歇运动机构intermittent motion mechanism 减速比reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置reduction gear减速器speed reducer减摩性anti-friction quality渐开螺旋面involute helicoid渐开线involute渐开线齿廓involute profile渐开线齿轮involute gear渐开线发生线generating line of involute渐开线方程involute equation渐开线函数involute function渐开线蜗杆involute worm渐开线压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线花键involute spline简谐运动simple harmonic motion键key键槽keyway交变应力repeated stress交变载荷repeated fluctuating load交*带传动cross-belt drive交错轴斜齿轮crossed helical gears胶合scoring行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)角加速度angular acceleration角速度angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio角接触球轴承angular contact ball bearing角接触推力轴承angular contact thrust bearing 角接触向心轴承angular contact radial bearing角接触轴承angular contact bearing铰链、枢纽hinge校正平面correcting plane接触应力contact stress接触式密封contact seal阶梯轴multi-diameter shaft结构structure结构设计structural design截面section节点pitch point节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线pitch line节圆pitch circle节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle节圆直径pitch diameter节圆锥pitch cone节圆锥角pitch cone angle解析设计analytical design紧边tight-side紧固件fastener径节diametral pitch径向radial direction径向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent radial load径向当量静载荷static equivalent radial load径向基本额定动载荷basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷basic static radial load tating径向接触轴承radial contact bearing径向平面radial plane径向游隙radial internal clearance径向载荷radial load径向载荷系数radial load factor径向间隙clearance静力static force静平衡static balance静载荷static load静密封static seal局部自由度passive degree of freedom行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)矩阵matrix矩形螺纹square threaded form锯齿形螺纹buttress thread form矩形牙嵌式离合器square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺寸系数absolute dimensional factor绝对运动absolute motion绝对速度absolute velocity均衡装置load balancing mechanism抗压强度compression strength开口传动open-belt drive开式链open kinematic chain开链机构open chain mechanism可*度degree of reliability可*性reliability可*性设计reliability design, RD空气弹簧air spring空间机构spatial mechanism空间连杆机构spatial linkage空间凸轮机构spatial cam空间运动副spatial kinematic pair空间运动链spatial kinematic chain空转idle宽度系列width series框图block diagram雷诺方程Reynolds‘s equation离心力centrifugal force离心应力centrifugal stress离合器clutch离心密封centrifugal seal理论廓线pitch curve理论啮合线theoretical line of action隶属度membership力force力多边形force polygon力封闭型凸轮机构force-drive (or force-closed) cam mechanism 力矩moment力平衡equilibrium力偶couple力偶矩moment of couple连杆connecting rod, coupler连杆机构linkage连杆曲线coupler-curve连心线line of centers行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)链chain链传动装置chain gearing链轮sprocket sprocket-wheel sprocket gear chain wheel联组V 带tight-up V belt联轴器coupling shaft coupling两维凸轮two-dimensional cam临界转速critical speed六杆机构six-bar linkage龙门刨床double Haas planer轮坯blank轮系gear train螺杆screw螺距thread pitch螺母screw nut螺旋锥齿轮helical bevel gear螺钉screws螺栓bolts螺纹导程lead螺纹效率screw efficiency螺旋传动power screw螺旋密封spiral seal螺纹thread (of a screw)螺旋副helical pair螺旋机构screw mechanism螺旋角helix angle螺旋线helix ,helical line绿色设计green design design for environment马耳他机构Geneva wheel Geneva gear马耳他十字Maltese cross脉动无级变速pulsating stepless speed changes脉动循环应力fluctuating circulating stress脉动载荷fluctuating load铆钉rivet迷宫密封labyrinth seal密封seal密封带seal belt密封胶seal gum密封元件potted component密封装置sealing arrangement面对面安装face-to-face arrangement面向产品生命周期设计design for product`s life cycle, DPLC 名义应力、公称应力nominal stress模块化设计modular design, MD行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)模块式传动系统modular system模幅箱morphology box模糊集fuzzy set模糊评价fuzzy evaluation模数module摩擦friction摩擦角friction angle摩擦力friction force摩擦学设计tribology design, TD摩擦阻力frictional resistance摩擦力矩friction moment摩擦系数coefficient of friction摩擦圆friction circle磨损abrasion wear; scratching末端执行器end-effector目标函数objective function耐腐蚀性corrosion resistance耐磨性wear resistance挠性机构mechanism with flexible elements 挠性转子flexible rotor内齿轮internal gear内齿圈ring gear内力internal force内圈inner ring能量energy能量指示图viscosity逆时针counterclockwise (or anticlockwise) 啮出engaging-out啮合engagement, mesh, gearing啮合点contact points啮合角working pressure angle啮合线line of action啮合线长度length of line of action啮入engaging-in牛头刨床shaper凝固点freezing point; solidifying point扭转应力torsion stress扭矩moment of torque扭簧helical torsion spring诺模图NomogramO 形密封圈密封O ring seal盘形凸轮disk cam盘形转子disk-like rotor行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)抛物线运动parabolic motion疲劳极限fatigue limit疲劳强度fatigue strength偏置式offset偏( 心) 距offset distance偏心率eccentricity ratio偏心质量eccentric mass偏距圆offset circle偏心盘eccentric偏置滚子从动件offset roller follower偏置尖底从动件offset knife-edge follower偏置曲柄滑块机构offset slider-crank mechanism 拼接matching评价与决策evaluation and decision频率frequency平带flat belt平带传动flat belt driving平底从动件flat-face follower平底宽度face width平分线bisector平均应力average stress平均中径mean screw diameter平均速度average velocity平衡balance平衡机balancing machine平衡品质balancing quality平衡平面correcting plane平衡质量balancing mass平衡重counterweight平衡转速balancing speed平面副planar pair, flat pair平面机构planar mechanism平面运动副planar kinematic pair平面连杆机构planar linkage平面凸轮planar cam平面凸轮机构planar cam mechanism平面轴斜齿轮parallel helical gears普通平键parallel key其他常用机构other mechanism in common use 起动阶段starting period启动力矩starting torque气动机构pneumatic mechanism奇异位置singular position行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)起始啮合点initial contact , beginning of contact 气体轴承gas bearing千斤顶jack嵌入键sunk key强迫振动forced vibration切齿深度depth of cut曲柄crank曲柄存在条件Grashoff`s law曲柄导杆机构crank shaper (guide-bar) mechanism曲柄滑块机构slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 曲柄摇杆机构crank-rocker mechanism曲齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gear曲率curvature曲率半径radius of curvature曲面从动件curved-shoe follower曲线拼接curve matching曲线运动curvilinear motion曲轴crank shaft驱动力driving force驱动力矩driving moment (torque)全齿高whole depth权重集weight sets球ball球面滚子convex roller球轴承ball bearing球面副spheric pair球面渐开线spherical involute球面运动spherical motion球销副sphere-pin pair球坐标操作器polar coordinate manipulator燃点spontaneous ignition热平衡heat balance; thermal equilibrium人字齿轮herringbone gear冗余自由度redundant degree of freedom柔轮flexspline柔性冲击flexible impulse; soft shock柔性制造系统flexible manufacturing system; FMS柔性自动化flexible automation润滑油膜lubricant film润滑装置lubrication device润滑lubrication润滑剂lubricant三角形花键serration spline行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)三角形螺纹V thread screw三维凸轮three-dimensional cam三心定理Kennedy`s theorem砂轮越程槽grinding wheel groove砂漏hour-glass少齿差行星传动planetary drive with small teeth difference 设计方法学design methodology设计变量design variable设计约束design constraints深沟球轴承deep groove ball bearing生产阻力productive resistance升程rise升距lift实际廓线cam profile十字滑块联轴器double slider coupling; Oldham‘s coupling 矢量vector输出功output work输出构件output link输出机构output mechanism输出力矩output torque输出轴output shaft输入构件input link数学模型mathematic model实际啮合线actual line of action双滑块机构double-slider mechanism, ellipsograph双曲柄机构double crank mechanism双曲面齿轮hyperboloid gear双头螺柱studs双万向联轴节constant-velocity (or double) universal joint 双摇杆机构double rocker mechanism双转块机构Oldham coupling双列轴承double row bearing双向推力轴承double-direction thrust bearing松边slack-side顺时针clockwise瞬心instantaneous center死点dead point四杆机构four-bar linkage速度velocity速度不均匀( 波动) 系数coefficient of speed fluctuation速度波动speed fluctuation速度曲线velocity diagram速度瞬心instantaneous center of velocity行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)塔轮step pulley踏板pedal台钳、虎钳vice太阳轮sun gear弹性滑动elasticity sliding motion弹性联轴器elastic coupling flexible coupling弹性套柱销联轴器rubber-cushioned sleeve bearing coupling 套筒sleeve梯形螺纹acme thread form特殊运动链special kinematic chain特性characteristics替代机构equivalent mechanism调节modulation, regulation调心滚子轴承self-aligning roller bearing调心球轴承self-aligning ball bearing调心轴承self-aligning bearing调速speed governing调速电动机adjustable speed motors调速系统speed control system调压调速variable voltage control调速器regulator, governor铁磁流体密封ferrofluid seal停车阶段stopping phase停歇dwell同步带synchronous belt同步带传动synchronous belt drive凸的，凸面体convex凸轮cam凸轮倒置机构inverse cam mechanism凸轮机构cam , cam mechanism凸轮廓线cam profile凸轮廓线绘制layout of cam profile凸轮理论廓线pitch curve凸缘联轴器flange coupling图册、图谱atlas图解法graphical method推程rise推力球轴承thrust ball bearing推力轴承thrust bearing退刀槽tool withdrawal groove退火anneal陀螺仪gyroscopeV 带V belt行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)外力external force外圈outer ring外形尺寸boundary dimension万向联轴器Hooks coupling universal coupling 外齿轮external gear弯曲应力beading stress弯矩bending moment腕部wrist往复移动reciprocating motion往复式密封reciprocating seal网上设计on-net design, OND微动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism位移displacement位移曲线displacement diagram位姿pose , position and orientation稳定运转阶段steady motion period稳健设计robust design蜗杆worm蜗杆传动机构worm gearing蜗杆头数number of threads蜗杆直径系数diametral quotient蜗杆蜗轮机构worm and worm gear蜗杆形凸轮步进机构worm cam interval mechanism蜗杆旋向hands of worm蜗轮worm gear涡圈形盘簧power spring无级变速装置stepless speed changes devices无穷大infinite系杆crank arm, planet carrier现场平衡field balancing向心轴承radial bearing向心力centrifugal force相对速度relative velocity相对运动relative motion相对间隙relative gap象限quadrant橡皮泥plasticine细牙螺纹fine threads销pin消耗consumption小齿轮pinion小径minor diameter橡胶弹簧balata spring行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)修正梯形加速度运动规律modified trapezoidal acceleration motion 修正正弦加速度运动规律modified sine acceleration motion斜齿圆柱齿轮helical gear斜键、钩头楔键taper key泄漏leakage谐波齿轮harmonic gear谐波传动harmonic driving谐波发生器harmonic generator斜齿轮的当量直齿轮equivalent spur gear of the helical gear心轴spindle行程速度变化系数coefficient of travel speed variation行程速比系数advance-to return-time ratio行星齿轮装置planetary transmission行星轮planet gear行星轮变速装置planetary speed changing devices行星轮系planetary gear train形封闭凸轮机构positive-drive (or form-closed) cam mechanism 虚拟现实virtual reality虚拟现实技术virtual reality technology, VRT虚拟现实设计virtual reality design, VRD虚约束redundant (or passive) constraint许用不平衡量allowable amount of unbalance许用压力角allowable pressure angle许用应力allowable stress; permissible stress悬臂结构cantilever structure悬臂梁cantilever beam循环功率流circulating power load旋转力矩running torque旋转式密封rotating seal旋转运动rotary motion选型type selection压力pressure压力中心center of pressure压缩机compressor压应力compressive stress压力角pressure angle牙嵌式联轴器jaw (teeth) positive-contact coupling雅可比矩阵Jacobi matrix摇杆rocker液力传动hydrodynamic drive液力耦合器hydraulic couplers液体弹簧liquid spring液压无级变速hydraulic stepless speed changes行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)液压机构hydraulic mechanism一般化运动链generalized kinematic chain移动从动件reciprocating follower移动副prismatic pair, sliding pair移动关节prismatic joint移动凸轮wedge cam盈亏功increment or decrement work应力幅stress amplitude应力集中stress concentration应力集中系数factor of stress concentration应力图stress diagram应力—应变图stress-strain diagram优化设计optimal design油杯oil bottle油壶oil can油沟密封oily ditch seal有害阻力useless resistance有益阻力useful resistance有效拉力effective tension有效圆周力effective circle force有害阻力detrimental resistance余弦加速度运动cosine acceleration (or simple harmonic) motion 预紧力preload原动机primer mover圆带round belt圆带传动round belt drive圆弧齿厚circular thickness圆弧圆柱蜗杆hollow flank worm圆角半径fillet radius圆盘摩擦离合器disc friction clutch圆盘制动器disc brake原动机prime mover原始机构original mechanism圆形齿轮circular gear圆柱滚子cylindrical roller圆柱滚子轴承cylindrical roller bearing圆柱副cylindric pair圆柱式凸轮步进运动机构barrel (cylindric) cam圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧cylindroid helical-coil extension spring圆柱螺旋扭转弹簧cylindroid helical-coil torsion spring圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧cylindroid helical-coil compression spring 圆柱凸轮cylindrical cam圆柱蜗杆cylindrical worm行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)圆柱坐标操作器cylindrical coordinate manipulator圆锥螺旋扭转弹簧conoid helical-coil compression spring圆锥滚子tapered roller圆锥滚子轴承tapered roller bearing圆锥齿轮机构bevel gears圆锥角cone angle原动件driving link约束constraint约束条件constraint condition约束反力constraining force跃度jerk跃度曲线jerk diagram运动倒置kinematic inversion运动方案设计kinematic precept design运动分析kinematic analysis运动副kinematic pair运动构件moving link运动简图kinematic sketch运动链kinematic chain运动失真undercutting运动设计kinematic design运动周期cycle of motion运动综合kinematic synthesis运转不均匀系数coefficient of velocity fluctuation运动粘度kenematic viscosity载荷load载荷—变形曲线load—deformation curve载荷—变形图load—deformation diagram窄V 带narrow V belt毡圈密封felt ring seal展成法generating张紧力tension张紧轮tension pulley振动vibration振动力矩shaking couple振动频率frequency of vibration振幅amplitude of vibration正切机构tangent mechanism正向运动学direct (forward) kinematics正弦机构sine generator, scotch yoke织布机loom正应力、法向应力normal stress制动器brake行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)直齿圆柱齿轮spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear直角三角形right triangle直角坐标操作器Cartesian coordinate manipulator 直径系数diametral quotient直径系列diameter series直廓环面蜗杆hindley worm直线运动linear motion直轴straight shaft质量mass质心center of mass执行构件executive link; working link质径积mass-radius product智能化设计intelligent design, ID中间平面mid-plane中心距center distance中心距变动center distance change中心轮central gear中径mean diameter终止啮合点final contact, end of contact周节pitch周期性速度波动periodic speed fluctuation周转轮系epicyclic gear train肘形机构toggle mechanism轴shaft轴承盖bearing cup轴承合金bearing alloy轴承座bearing block轴承高度bearing height轴承宽度bearing width轴承内径bearing bore diameter轴承寿命bearing life轴承套圈bearing ring轴承外径bearing outside diameter轴颈journal轴瓦、轴承衬bearing bush轴端挡圈shaft end ring轴环shaft collar轴肩shaft shoulder轴角shaft angle轴向axial direction轴向齿廓axial tooth profile轴向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent axial load行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)轴向当量静载荷static equivalent axial load轴向基本额定动载荷basic dynamic axial load rating 轴向基本额定静载荷basic static axial load rating轴向接触轴承axial contact bearing轴向平面axial plane轴向游隙axial internal clearance轴向载荷axial load轴向载荷系数axial load factor轴向分力axial thrust load主动件driving link主动齿轮driving gear主动带轮driving pulley转动导杆机构whitworth mechanism转动副revolute (turning) pair转速swiveling speed rotating speed转动关节revolute joint转轴revolving shaft转子rotor转子平衡balance of rotor装配条件assembly condition锥齿轮bevel gear锥顶common apex of cone锥距cone distance锥轮bevel pulley; bevel wheel锥齿轮的当量直齿轮equivalent spur gear of the bevel gear锥面包络圆柱蜗杆milled helicoids worm准双曲面齿轮hypoid gear子程序subroutine子机构sub-mechanism自动化automation自锁self-locking自锁条件condition of self-locking自由度degree of freedom, mobility总重合度total contact ratio总反力resultant force总效率combined efficiency; overall efficiency组成原理theory of constitution组合齿形composite tooth form组合安装stack mounting组合机构combined mechanism阻抗力resistance最大盈亏功maximum difference work between plus and minus work 纵向重合度overlap contact ratio行业专用术语中英对照(机械设计类)纵坐标ordinate组合机构combined mechanism最少齿数minimum teeth number 最小向径minimum radius作用力applied force坐标系coordinate frame。
齿轮术语中英文对照表 阿基米德蜗杆 Archimedes worm 安全系数 safety factor; factor of safety 安全载荷 safe load 变形 deformation 摆线齿轮 cycloidal gear 摆线齿形 cycloidal tooth profile 背锥角 back angle 背锥距 back cone distance 比例尺 scale 变速 speed change 变速齿轮 change gear ; change wheel 变位齿轮 modified gear 变位系数 modification coefficient 标准齿轮 standard gear 标准直齿轮 standard spur gear 表面粗糙度 surface roughness 不完全齿轮机构 intermittent gearing 补偿 compensation 参数化设计 parameterization design, PD 残余应力 residual stress 操纵及控制装置 operation control device 槽数 Geneva numerate 侧隙 backlash 差动轮系 differential gear train 差动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism 差速器 differential常用机构 conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use 齿根圆 dedendum circle 齿厚 tooth thickness 齿距 circular pitch 齿宽 face width 齿廓 tooth profile 齿廓曲线 tooth curve 齿轮 gear 齿轮变速箱 speed-changing gear boxes 齿轮齿条机构 pinion and rack 齿轮插刀 pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter 齿轮滚刀 hob ,hobbing cutter 齿轮机构 gear 齿轮轮坯 blank 齿轮传动系 pinion unit 齿轮联轴器 gear coupling 齿条传动 rack gear 齿数 tooth number齿数比 gear ratio齿条 rack承载量系数 bearing capacity factor 承载能力 bearing capacity 成对安装 paired mounting 尺寸系列 dimension series 齿槽 tooth space 齿槽宽 spacewidth 齿侧间隙 backlash 齿顶高 addendum 齿顶圆 addendum circle 齿根高 dedendum 齿根圆 dedendum circle 齿厚 tooth thickness 齿距 circular pitch 齿宽 face width 齿廓 tooth profile 齿廓曲线 tooth curve 齿轮 gear 承载量系数 bearing capacity factor 承载能力 bearing capacity 成对安装 paired mounting 尺寸系列 dimension series 齿槽 tooth space 齿槽宽 spacewidth 齿侧间隙 backlash 齿顶高 addendum 齿顶圆 addendum circle 齿根高 dedendum 根圆 dedendum circle 齿厚 tooth thickness 齿距 circular pitch 齿宽 face width 齿廓 tooth profile 齿廓曲线 tooth curve 齿轮 gear 齿轮变速箱 speed-changing gear boxes 齿轮齿条机构 pinion and rack 齿轮插刀 pinioncutter; pinion-shaped shape 齿轮滚刀 hob ,hobbing cutter 齿轮机构 gear 齿轮轮坯 blank 齿轮传动系 pinion unit 齿轮联轴器 gear coupling 齿条传动 rack gear 齿数 tooth number齿条插刀 rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter 齿形链、无声链 silent chain 齿形系数 form factor 齿式棘轮机构 tooth ratchet mechanism 插齿机 gear shaper 重合点 coincident points 重合度 contact ratio 传动比 transmission ratio, speed ratio 传动装置 gearing; transmission gear 传动系统 driven system 传动角 transmission angle 传动轴 transmission shaft 创新设计 creation design 垂直载荷、法向载荷 normal load 从动带轮 driven pulley 从动件 driven link, follower 从动件平底宽度 width of flat-face 从动件停歇 follower dwell 从动件运动规律 follower motion 从动轮 driven gear 粗线 bold line 粗牙螺纹 coarse thread 大齿轮 gear wheel 打滑 slipping 带传动 belt driving 单列轴承 single row bearing 单位矢量 unit vector 当量齿轮 equivalent spur gear; virtual gear 当量齿数 equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth 非接触式密封 non-contact seal 非周期性速度波动 aperiodic speed fluctuation 非圆齿轮 non-circular gear 粉末合金 powder metallurgy 分度线 reference line; standard pitch line 分度圆 reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle 分度圆柱导程角 lead angle at reference cylinder 分度圆柱螺旋角 helix angle at reference cylinder 分母 denominator 分子 numerator 分度圆锥 reference cone; standard pitch cone 封闭差动轮系 planetary differential 刚度系数 stiffness coefficient 钢丝软轴 wire soft shaft 根切 undercutting 公称直径 nominal diameter 高度系列 height series 功 work 工况系数 application factor 当量摩擦系数 equivalent coefficient of friction 当量载荷 equivalent load 刀具 cutter 导数 derivative 倒角 chamfer 导程 lead 导程角 lead angle 等效质量 equivalent mass （疲劳）点蚀 pitting 垫圈 gasket 垫片密封 gasket seal 顶隙 bottom clearance 定轴轮系 ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes 动力学 dynamics 动密封 kinematical seal 动能 dynamic energy 动力粘度 dynamic viscosity 动力润滑 dynamic lubrication 动载荷 dynamic load 端面 transverse plane 端面参数 transverse parameters 端面齿距 transverse circular pitch 端面齿廓 transverse tooth profile 端面重合度 transverse contact ratio 端面模数 transverse module 端面压力角 transverse pressure angle 锻造 forge 惰轮 idle gear 额定寿命 rating life 额定载荷 load rating 发生线 generating line 发生面 generating plane 法面 normal plane 法面参数 normal parameters 法面齿距 normal circular pitch 法面模数 normal module 法面压力角 normal pressure angle 法向齿距 normal pitch 法向齿廓 normal tooth profile 法向直廓蜗杆 straight sided normal worm 法向力 normal force 反正切 Arctan 干涉 interference 范成法 generating cutting 仿形法 form cutting 非标准齿轮 nonstandard gear 复合应力 combined stress复式螺旋机构 Compound screw mechanism工艺设计 technological design工作循环图working cycle diagram滚刀 hob过度切割 undercutting耗油量 oil consumption耗油量系数oil consumption factor横坐标 abscissa互换性齿轮 interchangeable gears花键 spline滑键、导键 feather key滑动率 sliding ratio环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm缓冲装置 shocks; shock-absorber机械 machinery机械平衡balance of machinery机械设计machine design; mechanical design机械特性 mechanical behavior计算弯矩calculated bending moment间隙 backlash减速比 reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置 reduction gear减速器 speed reducer渐开螺旋面 involute helicoid渐开线 involute渐开线齿廓 involute profile渐开线齿轮 involute gear渐开线发生线generating line of involute渐开线方程 involute equation渐开线函数 involute function渐开线蜗杆 involute worm渐开线压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线花键 involute spline键 key键槽 keyway交变应力 repeated stress交变载荷repeated fluctuating load交叉带传动 cross-belt drive节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线 pitch line节圆 pitch circle节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle节圆直径 pitch diameter节圆锥 pitch cone节圆锥角pitch cone angle解析设计 analytical desig径节 diametral pitch径向 radial direction径向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent radial load 工作机构 operation mechanism工作载荷 external loads工作空间 working space工作应力 working stress工作阻力 effective resistance工作阻力矩effective resistance moment公法线common normal line公制齿轮 metric gears功率 power功能分析设计 function analyses design共轭齿廓 conjugate profiles共轭凸轮 conjugate cam惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shaking moment惯性力平衡balance of shaking force冠轮 crown gear轨迹生成 path generation轨迹发生器 path generator机械调速mechanical speed governors机械效率 mechanical efficiency机械原理theory of machines and mechanisms机械无级变速mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构 fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命basic rating life基于实例设计 case-based design,CBD基圆 base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距 base pitch基圆压力角pressure angle of base circle基圆柱 base cylinder基圆锥 base cone极限位置extreme (or limiting) position极位夹角crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing, CAM 计算机集成制造系统computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS计算力矩factored moment; calculation moment交错轴斜齿轮 crossed helical gears胶合 scoring角速度 angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio结构 structure结构设计 structural design截面 section节点 pitch point紧边 tight-side紧固件 fastener径向当量静载荷 static equivalent radial load 径向基本额定动载荷 basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷 basic static radial load tating 偏距圆 offset circle 偏心盘 eccentric 切齿深度 depth of cut 曲齿锥齿轮 spiral bevel gear 曲率 curvature 曲率半径 radius of curvature 曲面从动件 curved-shoe follower 曲线运动 curvilinear motion 全齿高 whole depth 权重集 weight sets 球面副 spheric pair 球面渐开线 spherical involute 球面运动 spherical motion 人字齿轮 herringbone gear 润滑装置 lubrication device 润滑 lubrication 三角形花键 serration spline 三角形螺纹 V thread screw 少齿差行星传动 planetary drive with small teeth difference 升程 rise 升距 lift 实际廓线 cam profile 输出轴 output shaft 实际啮合线 actual line of action 双曲面齿轮 hyperboloid gear 顺时针 clockwise 瞬心 instantaneous center 死点 dead point 太阳轮 sun gear 特性 characteristics 图册、图谱 atlas 图解法 graphical method 退火 anneal 陀螺仪 gyroscope 外力 external force 外形尺寸 boundary dimension 网上设计 on-net design, OND 微动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism 位移 displacement 蜗杆 worm 蜗杆传动机构 worm gearing 蜗杆头数 number of threads 蜗杆直径系数 diametral quotient 蜗杆蜗轮机构 worm and worm gear 蜗杆形凸轮步进机构 worm cam interval mechanism 蜗杆旋向 hands of worm 蜗轮 worm gear 径向接触轴承 radial contact bearing径向平面 radial plane 径向游隙 radial internal clearance 径向载荷 radial load 径向载荷系数 radial load factor 径向间隙 clearance 静力 static force 静平衡 static balance 静载荷 static load 绝对运动 absolute motion 绝对速度 absolute velocity 可靠性 reliability 可靠性设计 reliability design, RD 理论廓线 pitch curve 理论啮合线 theoretical line of action 力矩 moment 力平衡 equilibrium 力偶 couple 力偶矩 moment of couple 轮坯 blank 螺旋副 helical pair 螺旋机构 screw mechanism 螺旋角 helix angle 螺旋线 helix ,helical line 模块化设计 modular design, MD 模数 module 磨损 abrasion ;wear; scratching 耐磨性 wear resistance 内齿轮 internal gear 内齿圈 ring gear 内力 internal force 内圈 inner ring 啮合 engagement, mesh, gearing 啮合点 contact points 啮合角 working pressure angle 啮合线 line of action 啮合线长度 length of line of action 盘形转子 disk-like rotor 抛物线运动 parabolic motion 疲劳极限 fatigue limit 疲劳强度 fatigue strength 偏置式 offset 偏 ( 心 ) 距 offset distance 偏心率 eccentricity ratio 偏心质量 eccentric mass无级变速装置stepless speed changes devices斜齿轮的当量直齿轮equivalent spur gear of the helical gear 心轴 spindle行程速度变化系数coefficient of travel speed variation行程速比系数advance-to return-time ratio行星齿轮装置 planetary transmission行星轮 planet gear行星轮变速装置planetary speed changing devices行星轮系planetary gear train轴 shaft轴承盖 bearing cup轴承合金 bearing alloy轴承座 bearing block轴承外径bearing outside diameter轴颈 journal轴瓦、轴承衬 bearing bush轴端挡圈shaft end ring轴环 shaft collar轴肩 shaft shoulder轴角 shaft angle轴向 axial direction轴向齿廓 axial tooth profile转动副 revolute (turning) pair转速swiveling speed ; rotating speed转轴 revolving shaft转子 rotor装配条件 assembly condition锥齿轮 bevel gear锥顶common apex of cone锥距 cone distance锥轮bevel pulley; bevel wheel锥齿轮的当量直齿轮equivalent spur gear of the bevel gear 锥面包络圆柱蜗杆 milled helicoids worm准双曲面齿轮 hypoid gear自由度degree of freedom, mobility总重合度 total contact ratio总反力 resultant force总效率combined efficiency; overall efficiency组成原理theory of constitution组合齿形composite tooth form组合安装 stack mounting最少齿数minimum teeth number最小向径 minimum radius作用力 applied force坐标系 coordinate frame圆锥滚子轴承tapered roller bearing圆锥齿轮机构 bevel gears圆锥角 cone angle 相对速度 relative velocity 相对运动 relative motion 相对间隙 relative gap象限 quadrant橡皮泥 plasticine小齿轮 pinion小径 minor diameter谐波齿轮 harmonic gear谐波传动 harmonic driving旋转运动 rotary motion压力角 pressure angle应力图 stress diagram应力—应变图 stress-strain diagram 优化设计 optimal design油杯 oil bottle有效圆周力effective circle force圆带传动round belt drive圆弧齿厚 circular thickness圆弧圆柱蜗杆hollow flank worm圆角半径 fillet radius圆盘摩擦离合器disc friction clutch圆盘制动器 disc brake原动机 prime mover原始机构 original mechanism圆形齿轮 circular gear圆柱滚子 cylindrical roller圆柱滚子轴承cylindrical roller bearing 圆柱副 cylindric pair圆柱蜗杆 cylindrical worm圆锥滚子 tapered roller运动副 kinematic pair运动粘度 kenematic viscosity载荷 load展成法 generating直齿圆柱齿轮 spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear直径系数 diametral quotient直径系列 diameter series直廓环面蜗杆 hindley worm质量 mass中心距 center distance中心距变动center distance change中径 mean diameter终止啮合点final contact, end of contact 周节 pitch。
CMmi@ Selected Technical Terms in Mechanics of Materials材料力学部分专业术语中英文对照（version 1.0, September 4, 2011）This tabulated list of selected technical terms in mechanics of materials is developed by Changwen Mi to facilitate the students in various engineering majors at the Southeast University. This file reflects part of our constant efforts in implementing bilingual teaching of a series of undergraduate and graduate mechanics courses hosted by the Department of Engineering Mechanics at the Southeast University. We had made every effort to ensure the accuracy and completeness of this file for the students’ sake. We, however, make no guarantee of the effects of using this file.Geometric properties of an area 截面几何性质centroid 形心centroidal axis 形心轴first moment of an area 静矩moment of inertia; second moment of an area 惯性矩parallel axis theorem 平行移轴定理products of inertia 惯性积polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩radius of gyration 惯性半径composite area组合截面principal centroidal axis主形心轴principal moment of inertia主惯性矩principal moments of inertia about centroidal axes 主形心惯性矩Structural members 构件bar 杆prismatic bars 等截面直杆CMmi@ shaft 轴column 柱（只受压缩）thin-walled tubes （闭口）薄壁杆thin-walled open tubes 开口薄壁杆pressure vessel 压力容器beam 梁neutral surface 中性层neutral axis 中性轴simply supported beams 简支梁cantilever beams 悬臂梁composite beams 复合梁overhanging beams 外伸梁continuous beams 连续梁fully stressed beams; beams of constant strength 等强度梁beams of variable cross section 变截面梁wide-flange beams 工字梁web 腹板flange 翼缘fixed support; clamped support 固定端pin support 固定铰支座roller support 可动铰支座curved beams 曲梁truss 桁架frame 刚架cross-section 横截面oblique cross-sectionaxis 轴线rigid joint 刚性结点CMmi@ Loads 荷载/载荷force 力force couple 力偶moment 力矩moment of a couple 力偶矩unit load 单位力unit couple 单位力偶concentrated loads 集中力distributed loads 分布力intensity of distributed loads 分布力的集度surface force 面力body force 体积力static loads 静载dynamic loads 动载allowable loads 许用荷载reaction 反作用力internal forces 内力axial force 轴力shear force 剪力Stress, Strain and Deformation 应力、应变及变形normal stress 正应力nominal stress 名义应力true stress 真实应力average stress 平均应力maximum stress 最大应力minimum stress 最小应力allowable stress 许用应力shear stress 剪切应力pure shear 纯剪切normal strain 正应变nominal strain 名义应变true strain 真实应变shear strain 切应变deformation 变形displacement 位移deflection 挠曲Common Terms in Mechanics of Deformable Bodies 可变形体力学常用术语mechanics of materials 材料力学strength of materials 材料力学mechanics of deformable bodies 变形体力学strength 强度stiffness 刚度stability 稳定性homogeneity/homogeneous 均质/匀质的continuity/continuous 连续性/连续的isotropy/isotropic 各向同性/各向同性的infinitesimal elastic deformation 微小弹性变形elasticity 弹性elastic deformation弹性变形linearly elastic body线性弹性体mechanical properties力学性质plasticity 塑性elastoplastic materials 弹塑性材料tension 拉伸compress 压缩shearing 剪切torsion 扭转bending 弯曲buckling 失稳allowable load method 许用荷载法allowable stress 许用应力allowable stress method 许用应力法method of safety factor 安全系数法method of discount factor 折扣系数法factor of safety 安全系数stress concentration factor 应力集中因数residual stress / initial stress / prestress 残余应力初应力，预应力stress distribution 应力分布equation of equilibrium 平衡方程method of sections 截面法Other Mechanical Terms 其它力学术语dimensionless quantities 无量纲量composite material复合材料specimen 试件elastic-perfectly plastic assumption理想弹塑性假设plastic hinge塑性铰Axial Loading 轴向荷载axially loaded bars 拉压杆，轴向承载杆axial tension 轴向拉伸axial compression 轴向压缩axial forces 轴向力internal forces 内力method of section 截面法diagram of axial forces 轴力图stress tensor 应力张量longitudinal 纵向的transverse 横向的Saint-Venant’s Principle 圣维南原理stresses on oblique planes 斜截面上的应力axial deformation 轴向变形elongation 伸长量extensometer 引伸计、伸展仪、伸长计uniaxial stress 单向应力，单轴应力normal stress 正应力sign convention 符号规定transverse/lateral strain 横向应变Tension/compression rigidity 拉压刚度(EA)stress concentration factor 应力集中系数Mechanical Behavior of Materials 材料力学行为gauge length 标记长度constitutive relations 本构关系（物理方程）Hooke’s Law 胡克定律generalized Hook’s law广义胡克定律stress-strain diagram 应力应变图Hook’s law of shearing剪切胡克定律brittle 脆性brittle materials脆性材料ductile 韧性ductile materials塑性材料，韧性材料，延展性材料plastic deformation塑性变形，残余变形creep 蠕变CMmi@ relaxation 松弛proportional limit 比例极限elastic modulus; modulus of elasticity 弹性模量Young’s modulus 杨氏模量elastic limit 弹性极限yield stress 屈服应力yield strength 屈服强度offset yield stress名义屈服强度strain hardening 强化，冷作硬化ultimate strength, strength limit 强度极限ultimate stress极限应力low carbon steel 低碳钢cast iron 铸铁transversely isotropic 横向同性necking 颈缩plastic flow 塑性流动percent reduction in area 断面收缩率percent elongation 延伸率bulk modulus 大块模量，体积模量Poisson’s ratio 泊松比Shearing and bearing Stress 剪切和挤压应力Shear/shearing 剪切Shear/shearing stress 切应力bearing 挤压bearing stress挤压应力bearing surface 挤压面single shear 单剪double shear 双剪CMmi@ rod 吊杆boom 托架pin 销钉rivet 铆钉joints/connectors 连接件lap joint 搭接butt joint 对接pure shear 纯剪切theorem of conjugate shearing stress 切应力互等定理shear modulus切变模量ultimate shear stress 剪切极限应力yield shear stress 剪切屈服应力Torsion 扭转torsional moment 扭矩twisting moment 扭力矩power & torque 功率与扭矩torque diagram 扭矩图angle of twist 扭转角angle of twist per unit length 单位长度扭转角torsional rigidity 抗扭刚度，扭曲刚度section modulus in torsion 抗扭截面系数slip-lines 滑移线slip bands 滑移带，剪切带free torsion 自由扭转constrained torsion 约束扭转Bending 弯曲symmetric bending 对称弯曲symmetric longitudinal plane 纵向对称面transverse loading 横向荷载shear force 剪力shear flow 剪流shear force diagram 剪力图equation of shear forces 剪力方程bending moment 弯矩equation of bending moment 弯矩方程bending moment diagram 弯矩图pure bending纯弯曲Transverse bending 横力弯曲plane cross-section hypothesis 平面假设hypothesis of uniaxial stress 单轴应力假设neutral surface 中性层neutral axis 中性轴bending normal stress 弯曲正应力section modulus 抗弯截面系数bending shear stress弯曲切应力constant-strength beam; fully stressed beams 等强度梁deflection 挠曲，挠度angle of rotation 转角slope 斜率curvature 曲率radius of curvature 曲率半径deflection curve 挠曲线approximate differential equation of deflection 挠曲轴近似微分方程flexural rigidity 抗弯刚度method of successive integrations 积分法boundary condition 边界条件continuity condition 连续性条件symmetry condition 对称性条件method of superposition 叠加法linear superposition 线性叠加superposition of loads 荷载叠加superposition of rigidized structures 刚化叠加，变形叠加method of singular/discontinuity function 奇异函数法boundary values 边界值moment-area theorems 图乘法unsymmetric bending 不对称弯曲shear center弯曲中心bending strain energy 弯曲应变能Indeterminate Problems 超静定问题statically determinate problem 静定问题statically indeterminate problem 静不定问题，超静定问题degree of static indeterminacy 静不定次，超静定次数redundancy 冗余，多余redundant restraint 多余约束basic determinate system 基本静定系force method 力法equation of deformation compatibility 变形协调方程complementary equation 补充方程thermal stress 热应力coefficient of thermal expansion 线胀系数assembly stress 装配应力residual stress 残余应力thermal strain 热应变eigenstrain 特征应变CMmi@ Stress States 应力状态state of stress 应力状态damage mechanisms 破坏机制stress state of a point 一点应力状态transformation of stresses 应力变换principal stresses 主应力principal axes 主轴，主方向stress circle 应力圆Mohr’s Circle 莫尔圆state of biaxial stress 二向应力状态state of plane stress 平面应力状态state of triaxial stress 三轴（复杂）应力状态triaxial stress 三向应力experimental stress analysis 实验应力分析volumetric strain energy density 体积应变能密度distortional strain energy density 畸变能密度volumetric strain 体应变decomposition of stress tensor 应力张量分解transformation of strain 应变变换Strength Theory 强度理论strength condition 强度条件equivalent stress 相当应力maximum tensile stress theory最大拉应力理论maximum tensile strain theory最大拉应变理论maximum shear stress theory最大切应力理论maximum distortion energy theory 最大畸变能理论Mohr theory of failure莫尔强度理论measurements of strain 应变测量strain gauge 应变计strain rosette 应变花three-element rectangular rosette 三轴直角应变花three-element delta rosette 三轴等角应变花full bridge 全桥接线法half bridge 半桥接法bridge balancing 电桥平衡compensating block 补偿块Combined Loadings 组合荷载eccentric tension 偏心拉伸eccentric compression 偏心压缩core of cross-sections 截面核心Stability of Columns 压杆稳定buckling 屈曲stability condition 稳定条件Euler’s formula欧拉公式critical load 临界压力critical stress 临界应力equivalent length相当长度，有效长度coefficient of equivalent length 长度因数slenderness ratio （压杆的）柔度或长细比long columns 大柔度杆intermediate columns 中柔度杆short columns小柔度杆safety factor of stability稳定安全因数discount factor of stability 折扣安全因数Energy Methods 能量方法strain energy 应变能strain energy density 应变能密度modulus of resilience 回弹模量modulus of toughness 韧度模量principle of work and energy 功能互等定理Castigliano’s theorem 卡氏定理reciprocal theorem of displacement; Maxwell’s reciprocal theorem位移互等定理method of dummy, method of virtual forces 虚力法method of unit dummy load 单位力法Dynamic Loading 冲击荷载impact load 冲击荷载dynamic load 动荷载constant acceleration 等加速constant rotation 等角速转动horizontal impact 水平冲击vertical impact 竖直冲击statically equivalent load 静力等效荷载dynamic load factor 动荷系数Cyclic Loading and Fatigue 交变荷载及疲劳cyclic/alternate load 交变荷载cyclic stress交变应力，循环应力fatigue failure 疲劳失效stress amplitude应力幅stress scope 应力范围cycle characteristics 循环特征symmetric cycling 对称循环unsymmetric cycling 非对称循环pulse cycling 脉冲循环fatigue life疲劳寿命stress-life diagram应力-寿命曲线，S-N曲线endurance limit 疲劳极限fatigue strength 疲劳强度surface roughness 表面粗糙度surface strength 表面强度equal-amplitude fatigue 等幅疲劳fatigue strength condition 疲劳强度条件fatigue factor of safety 疲劳安全因数。
机械设计名词术语中英⽂对照表Chinese English阿基⽶德蜗杆 Archimedes worm安全系数 safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷 safe load凹⾯、凹度 concavity扳⼿ wrench板簧 flat leaf spring半圆键 woodruff key变形 deformation摆杆 oscillating bar摆动从动件 oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构 cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构 oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮 cycloidal gear摆线齿形 cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律 cycloidal motion摆线针轮 cycloidal-pin wheel包⾓ angle of contact保持架 cage背对背安装 back-to-back arrangement背锥 back cone ； normal cone背锥⾓ back angle背锥距 back cone distance⽐例尺 scale⽐热容 specific heat capacity闭式链 closed kinematic chain闭链机构 closed chain mechanism臂部 arm变频器 frequency converters变频调速 frequency control of motor speed变速 speed change变速齿轮 change gear ; change wheel变位齿轮 modified gear变位系数 modification coefficient标准齿轮 standard gear标准直齿轮 standard spur gear表⾯质量系数 superficial mass factor表⾯传热系数 surface coefficient of heat transfer 表⾯粗糙度 surface roughness并联式组合 combination in parallel并联机构 parallel mechanism并联组合机构 parallel combined mechanism并⾏⼯程 concurrent engineering并⾏设计 concurred design, CD不平衡相位 phase angle of unbalance不平衡 imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量 amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构 intermittent gearing波发⽣器 wave generator波数 number of waves补偿 compensation参数化设计 parameterization design, PD残余应⼒ residual stress操纵及控制装置 operation control device槽轮 Geneva wheel槽轮机构 Geneva mechanism ； Maltese cross 槽数 Geneva numerate槽凸轮 groove cam侧隙 backlash差动轮系 differential gear train差动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism差速器 differential常⽤机构 conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use 车床 lathe承载量系数 bearing capacity factor承载能⼒ bearing capacity成对安装 paired mounting尺⼨系列 dimension series齿槽 tooth space齿槽宽 spacewidth齿侧间隙 backlash齿顶⾼ addendum齿顶圆 addendum circle齿根⾼ dedendum齿根圆 dedendum circle齿厚 tooth thickness齿距 circular pitch齿宽 face width齿廓 tooth profile齿廓曲线 tooth curve齿轮 gear齿轮变速箱 speed-changing gear boxes齿轮齿条机构 pinion and rack齿轮插⼑ pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter齿轮滚⼑ hob ,hobbing cutter齿轮机构 gear齿轮轮坯 blank齿轮传动系 pinion unit齿轮联轴器 gear coupling齿条传动 rack gear齿数 tooth number齿数⽐ gear ratio齿条 rack齿条插⼑ rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齿形链、⽆声链 silent chain齿形系数 form factor齿式棘轮机构 tooth ratchet mechanism插齿机 gear shaper重合点 coincident points重合度 contact ratio冲床 punch传动⽐ transmission ratio, speed ratio传动装置 gearing; transmission gear传动系统 driven system传动⾓ transmission angle传动轴 transmission shaft串联式组合 combination in series串联式组合机构 series combined mechanism串级调速 cascade speed control创新 innovation ; creation创新设计 creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷 normal load唇形橡胶密封 lip rubber seal磁流体轴承 magnetic fluid bearing从动带轮 driven pulley从动件 driven link, follower从动件平底宽度 width of flat-face从动件停歇 follower dwell从动件运动规律 follower motion从动轮 driven gear粗线 bold line粗⽛螺纹 coarse thread⼤齿轮 gear wheel打包机 packer打滑 slipping带传动 belt driving带轮 belt pulley带式制动器 band brake单列轴承 single row bearing单向推⼒轴承 single-direction thrust bearing单万向联轴节 single universal joint单位⽮量 unit vector当量齿轮 equivalent spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数 equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth当量摩擦系数 equivalent coefficient of friction当量载荷 equivalent load⼑具 cutter导数 derivative倒⾓ chamfer导热性 conduction of heat导程 lead导程⾓ lead angle等加等减速运动规律 parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion 等速运动规律 uniform motion; constant velocity motion等径凸轮 conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮 constant-breadth cam等效构件 equivalent link等效⼒ equivalent force等效⼒矩 equivalent moment of force等效量 equivalent等效质量 equivalent mass等效转动惯量 equivalent moment of inertia等效动⼒学模型 dynamically equivalent model底座 chassis低副 lower pair点划线 chain dotted line（疲劳）点蚀 pitting垫圈 gasket垫⽚密封 gasket seal碟形弹簧 belleville spring顶隙 bottom clearance定轴轮系 ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes动⼒学 dynamics动密封 kinematical seal动能 dynamic energy动⼒粘度 dynamic viscosity动⼒润滑 dynamic lubrication动平衡 dynamic balance动平衡机 dynamic balancing machine动态特性 dynamic characteristics动态分析设计 dynamic analysis design动压⼒ dynamic reaction动载荷 dynamic load端⾯ transverse plane端⾯参数 transverse parameters端⾯齿距 transverse circular pitch端⾯齿廓 transverse tooth profile端⾯重合度 transverse contact ratio端⾯模数 transverse module端⾯压⼒⾓ transverse pressure angle锻造 forge对称循环应⼒ symmetry circulating stress对⼼滚⼦从动件 radial (or in-line ) roller follower对⼼直动从动件 radial (or in-line ) translating follower对⼼移动从动件 radial reciprocating follower对⼼曲柄滑块机构 in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 多列轴承 multi-row bearing多楔带 poly V-belt多项式运动规律 polynomial motion多质量转⼦ rotor with several masses惰轮 idle gear额定寿命 rating life额定载荷 load ratingII 级杆组 dyad发⽣线 generating line发⽣⾯ generating plane法⾯ normal plane法⾯参数 normal parameters法⾯齿距 normal circular pitch法⾯模数 normal module法⾯压⼒⾓ normal pressure angle法向齿距 normal pitch法向齿廓 normal tooth profile法向直廓蜗杆 straight sided normal worm法向⼒ normal force反馈式组合 feedback combining反向运动学 inverse ( or backward) kinematics反转法 kinematic inversion反正切 Arctan范成法 generating cutting仿形法 form cutting⽅案设计、概念设计 concept design, CD防振装置 shockproof device飞轮 flywheel飞轮矩 moment of flywheel⾮标准齿轮 nonstandard gear⾮接触式密封 non-contact seal⾮周期性速度波动 aperiodic speed fluctuation⾮圆齿轮 non-circular gear粉末合⾦ powder metallurgy分度线 reference line; standard pitch line分度圆 reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle分度圆柱导程⾓ lead angle at reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋⾓ helix angle at reference cylinder分母 denominator分⼦ numerator分度圆锥 reference cone; standard pitch cone分析法 analytical method封闭差动轮系 planetary differential复合铰链 compound hinge复合式组合 compound combining复合轮系 compound (or combined) gear train复合平带 compound flat belt复合应⼒ combined stress复式螺旋机构 Compound screw mechanism复杂机构 complex mechanism杆组 Assur group⼲涉 interference刚度系数 stiffness coefficient刚轮 rigid circular spline钢丝软轴 wire soft shaft刚体导引机构 body guidance mechanism刚性冲击 rigid impulse (shock)刚性转⼦ rigid rotor刚性轴承 rigid bearing刚性联轴器 rigid coupling⾼度系列 height series⾼速带 high speed belt⾼副 higher pair格拉晓夫定理 Grashoff`s law根切 undercutting公称直径 nominal diameter⾼度系列 height series功 work⼯况系数 application factor⼯艺设计 technological design⼯作循环图 working cycle diagram⼯作机构 operation mechanism⼯作载荷 external loads⼯作空间 working space⼯作应⼒ working stress⼯作阻⼒ effective resistance⼯作阻⼒矩 effective resistance moment公法线 common normal line公共约束 general constraint公制齿轮 metric gears功率 power功能分析设计 function analyses design共轭齿廓 conjugate profiles共轭凸轮 conjugate cam构件 link⿎风机 blower固定构件 fixed link; frame固体润滑剂 solid lubricant关节型操作器 jointed manipulator惯性⼒ inertia force惯性⼒矩 moment of inertia ,shaking moment惯性⼒平衡 balance of shaking force惯性⼒完全平衡 full balance of shaking force惯性⼒部分平衡 partial balance of shaking force 惯性主矩 resultant moment of inertia惯性主失 resultant vector of inertia冠轮 crown gear⼴义机构 generation mechanism⼴义坐标 generalized coordinate轨迹⽣成 path generation轨迹发⽣器 path generator滚⼑ hob滚道 raceway滚动体 rolling element滚动轴承 rolling bearing滚动轴承代号 rolling bearing identification code 滚针 needle roller滚针轴承 needle roller bearing滚⼦ roller滚⼦轴承 roller bearing滚⼦半径 radius of roller滚⼦从动件 roller follower滚⼦链 roller chain滚⼦链联轴器 double roller chain coupling滚珠丝杆 ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器 roller clutch过度切割 undercutting函数发⽣器 function generator函数⽣成 function generation含油轴承 oil bearing耗油量 oil consumption耗油量系数 oil consumption factor赫兹公式 H. Hertz equation合成弯矩 resultant bending moment合⼒ resultant force合⼒矩 resultant moment of force⿊箱 black box横坐标 abscissa互换性齿轮 interchangeable gears花键 spline滑键、导键 feather key滑动轴承 sliding bearing滑动率 sliding ratio滑块 slider环⾯蜗杆 toroid helicoids worm环形弹簧 annular spring缓冲装置 shocks; shock-absorber灰铸铁 grey cast iron回程 return回转体平衡 balance of rotors混合轮系 compound gear train积分 integrate机电⼀体化系统设计 mechanical-electrical integration system design 机构 mechanism机构分析 analysis of mechanism机构平衡 balance of mechanism机构学 mechanism机构运动设计 kinematic design of mechanism机构运动简图 kinematic sketch of mechanism机构综合 synthesis of mechanism机构组成 constitution of mechanism机架 frame, fixed link机架变换 kinematic inversion机器 machine机器⼈ robot机器⼈操作器 manipulator机器⼈学 robotics技术过程 technique process技术经济评价 technical and economic evaluation技术系统 technique system机械 machinery机械创新设计 mechanical creation design, MCD机械系统设计 mechanical system design, MSD机械动⼒分析 dynamic analysis of machinery机械动⼒设计 dynamic design of machinery机械动⼒学 dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计 modern machine design机械系统 mechanical system机械利益 mechanical advantage机械平衡 balance of machinery机械⼿ manipulator机械设计 machine design; mechanical design机械特性 mechanical behavior机械调速 mechanical speed governors机械效率 mechanical efficiency机械原理 theory of machines and mechanisms机械运转不均匀系数 coefficient of speed fluctuation机械⽆级变速 mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构 fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命 basic rating life基于实例设计 case-based design,CBD基圆 base circle基圆半径 radius of base circle基圆齿距 base pitch基圆压⼒⾓ pressure angle of base circle基圆柱 base cylinder基圆锥 base cone急回机构 quick-return mechanism急回特性 quick-return characteristics急回系数 advance-to return-time ratio急回运动 quick-return motion棘轮 ratchet棘轮机构 ratchet mechanism棘⽖ pawl极限位置 extreme (or limiting) position极位夹⾓ crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计 computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造 computer aided manufacturing, CAM计算机集成制造系统 computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS 计算⼒矩 factored moment; calculation moment计算弯矩 calculated bending moment加权系数 weighting efficient加速度 acceleration加速度分析 acceleration analysis加速度曲线 acceleration diagram尖点 pointing; cusp尖底从动件 knife-edge follower间隙 backlash间歇运动机构 intermittent motion mechanism减速⽐ reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置 reduction gear减速器 speed reducer减摩性 anti-friction quality渐开螺旋⾯ involute helicoid渐开线 involute渐开线齿廓 involute profile渐开线齿轮 involute gear渐开线发⽣线 generating line of involute渐开线⽅程 involute equation渐开线函数 involute function渐开线蜗杆 involute worm渐开线压⼒⾓ pressure angle of involute渐开线花键 involute spline简谐运动 simple harmonic motion键 key键槽 keyway交变应⼒ repeated stress交变载荷 repeated fluctuating load交叉带传动 cross-belt drive交错轴斜齿轮 crossed helical gears胶合 scoring⾓加速度 angular acceleration⾓速度 angular velocity⾓速⽐ angular velocity ratio⾓接触球轴承 angular contact ball bearing⾓接触推⼒轴承 angular contact thrust bearing⾓接触向⼼轴承 angular contact radial bearing⾓接触轴承 angular contact bearing铰链、枢纽 hinge校正平⾯ correcting plane接触应⼒ contact stress接触式密封 contact seal阶梯轴 multi-diameter shaft结构 structure结构设计 structural design截⾯ section节点 pitch point节距 circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线 pitch line节圆 pitch circle节圆齿厚 thickness on pitch circle节圆直径 pitch diameter节圆锥 pitch cone节圆锥⾓ pitch cone angle解析设计 analytical design紧边 tight-side紧固件 fastener径节 diametral pitch径向 radial direction径向当量动载荷 dynamic equivalent radial load径向当量静载荷 static equivalent radial load径向基本额定动载荷 basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷 basic static radial load tating径向接触轴承 radial contact bearing径向平⾯ radial plane径向游隙 radial internal clearance径向载荷 radial load径向载荷系数 radial load factor径向间隙 clearance静⼒ static force静平衡 static balance静载荷 static load静密封 static seal局部⾃由度 passive degree of freedom矩阵 matrix矩形螺纹 square threaded form锯齿形螺纹 buttress thread form矩形⽛嵌式离合器 square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺⼨系数 absolute dimensional factor绝对运动 absolute motion绝对速度 absolute velocity均衡装置 load balancing mechanism抗压强度 compression strength开⼝传动 open-belt drive开式链 open kinematic chain开链机构 open chain mechanism可靠度 degree of reliability可靠性 reliability可靠性设计 reliability design, RD空⽓弹簧 air spring空间机构 spatial mechanism空间连杆机构 spatial linkage空间凸轮机构 spatial cam空间运动副 spatial kinematic pair空间运动链 spatial kinematic chain空转 idle宽度系列 width series框图 block diagram雷诺⽅程 Reynolds‘s equation离⼼⼒ centrifugal force离⼼应⼒ centrifugal stress离合器 clutch离⼼密封 centrifugal seal理论廓线 pitch curve理论啮合线 theoretical line of action⾪属度 membership⼒ force⼒多边形 force polygon⼒封闭型凸轮机构 force-drive (or force-closed) cam mechanism ⼒矩 moment⼒平衡 equilibrium⼒偶 couple⼒偶矩 moment of couple连杆 connecting rod, coupler连杆机构 linkage连杆曲线 coupler-curve连⼼线 line of centers链 chain链传动装置 chain gearing链轮 sprocket ; sprocket-wheel ; sprocket gear ; chain wheel联组 V 带 tight-up V belt联轴器 coupling ; shaft coupling两维凸轮 two-dimensional cam临界转速 critical speed六杆机构 six-bar linkage龙门刨床 double Haas planer轮坯 blank轮系 gear train螺杆 screw螺距 thread pitch螺母 screw nut螺旋锥齿轮 helical bevel gear螺钉 screws螺栓 bolts螺纹导程 lead螺纹效率 screw efficiency螺旋传动 power screw螺旋密封 spiral seal螺纹 thread (of a screw)螺旋副 helical pair螺旋机构 screw mechanism螺旋⾓ helix angle螺旋线 helix ,helical line绿⾊设计 g r e e n d e s i g n ; d e s i g n f o r e n v i r o n m e n t。
Aabsorbed water吸着水accumulation sedimentation method累积沉淀法active earth pressure主动土压力E aactivity index活性指数Aadamic earth,red soil红粘土additional stress(pressure)of subsoil地基附加应力（压力）zadverse geologic phenomena不良地质现象aeolian soils风积土aeolotropic soil各向异性土air dried soils风干土allowable subsoil bearing capacity地基容许承载力［ 0］allowable settlement容许沉降alluvial soil冲积土angle between failure plane and major principal plane 破坏面与大主平面的夹角angle of internal，external (wall) friction内摩擦角ϕ、外(墙背)摩擦角angular gravel,angular pebble角砾anisotropic soil各向异性土aquifer含水层aquifuge,impermeabler layer不透水层area of foundation base基础底面面积Aartesian water head承压水头artificial fills人工填土artificial foundation人工地基Atterberg Limits阿太堡界限attitude产状average consolidation pressure平均固结压力σaverage heaving ratio of frozen soil layer冻土层的平均冻胀率average pressure ,additional pressure offoundation base基底平均压力、平均附加压力p、p0Bbase tilt factor of foundation基础倾斜系数b c、b q、bγbase tilt factors基底倾斜系数b c、b q、bγbearing capacity 承载力bearing capacity factors承载力系数N c,、N q,、Nγ[California]Bearing Ratio[CBR] 承载比bearing stratum持力层bedrock,original rock 基岩beginning hydraulic gradient起始水力梯度(坡降)i oBiot consolidation theory 比奥固结理论Bishop’s slice method比肖普条分法bound water 结合水(束缚水)boulder漂石Boussinesq theory 布辛奈斯克理论bridge桥梁bridge pier桥墩broken stone，crushed stone碎石bulk modulus体积模量buried depth of foundation基础埋置深度d buoyant density 浮密度ρ'buoyant gravity density(unit weight)浮重度（容重） ’CCalifornia Bearing Ratio(CBR) 加州承载比capillary rise毛细水上升高度capillary water毛细（管）水categorization of geotechnical projects岩土工程分级cementation胶结作用central load 中心荷载（轴心荷载）characteristic value of subsoil bearing capacity 地基承载力特征值f akchemical grouting 化学灌浆circular footing 圆形基础clay粘土clay content粘粒含量clay minerals粘土矿物clayey silt粘质粉土clayey soils ,clayly soils粘性土coarse aggregate粗骨料coarse-grained soils粗粒土coarse sand粗砂cobble卵石Code for design of building foundation建筑地基基础设计规范coefficient of active earth pressure主动土压力系数K acoefficient of passive earth pressure被动土压力系数K Pcoefficient ofcollapsibility湿陷系数 scoefficient of compressibility压缩系数acoefficient of curvature曲率系数C ccoefficient of earth pressure at rest静止土压力系数Kcoefficient of lateral pressure侧压力系数K0coefficient of permeability渗透系数kcoefficient of secondary consolidation次固结系数coefficient of uniformity 不均匀系数coefficient of vertical consolidation竖向固结(压密)系数c v.coefficient of vertical ，horizontal permeability 竖向、水平向渗透系数k hcoefficient of vertical ，horizontal，tangential additional stress beneath a uniform strip load均布条形荷载下竖向、水平向、切向附加应力系数 sz、 sx、 sxzcoefficient of vertical additional ,average additional stress beneatha uniform round load at centre point均布圆形荷载中点下竖向、平均附加应力系数 r、rαcoefficient of vertical additional ,average additional stress beneath a triangular distributed rectangle load at corner point三角形分布矩形荷载角点下竖向、附加、平均附加应力系数t1、 t2、1tα、2tαcoefficient of vertical additional ,average additional stress of beneath a uniform rectangle load at corner point均布矩形荷载角点下竖向、附加、平均附加应力系数 c、cαcoefficient of vertical additional stress beneatha concentration load集中应力系数αcoefficient of viscosity 粘滞系数coefficient of volume compression体积压缩系数m Vcoefficient of weathering 风化系数cohesionless soils无粘性土cohesive soils粘性土collapsibility湿陷性compactibility压实性compaction by rolling 碾压法compactiontest 击实试验compaction factor压实系数 ccompactness 密实度composite ground 复合地基compressibility 压缩性compression index压缩指数C ccompression(constrained modulus)压缩（侧限）模量E scompression zone受力层，压缩层compression-curves压缩曲线（e-p和e-log p曲线）compressive strength 抗压强度concentrated load集中力P[static]cone penetration test[CPT]静力触探试验confined water head承压水头confining pressure［周］围压[力]consistency稠度consistency limit稠度界限consolidated quick (direct) shear test固结快剪（直剪）试验consolidated quick shear cohesion、angle of internal friction固结快剪粘聚力、内摩擦角c cq、ϕcqconsolidated undrained triaxial compression test [CU-test]固结不排水三轴压缩试验consolidated-undrained cohesion、angle of internal friction固结不排水粘聚力、内摩擦角c cu、ϕcuconsolidation apparatus固结仪、压缩仪、渗压仪consolidation curve 固结(d-t和d-log t曲线) consolidation settlement固结沉降s cconsolidation test (contain compression test ) 固结(压密)试验（含有压缩试验）constrained diameter of soil partical限制粒径d60constrained modulus侧限模量E scontact stress( pressure)接触应力（压力）contaminatedsoil 污染土corner-point method 角点法Coulomb’s theory of earth pressure库伦土压力理论creep蠕变critical edge、critical, ultimate load of subsoil bearing capacity 地基承载力的临塑荷载p cr、临界荷载p1/3 p1/4、极限荷载p u critical height of slope （土坡）临界高度critical hydraulic gradient临界水力梯度i crcritical void raio 临界孔隙比crushed stone,broken stone碎石culvert涵洞cushion垫层cyclic triaxial test周期三轴试验Ddamping ratio阻尼比Darcy’s law 达西定律Debris flow泥石流deep foundation 深基础deep mixing method 深层搅拌法degree of compaction 压实度 cdegree of consolidation固结度Udegree of saturation饱和度S rdensification by sand pile 挤密砂桩density密度depth factor of foundation基础深度系数d c、d q、dγdifferential settlement沉降差dike,levee 堤dilatancy 剪胀性diluvial fan洪积扇diluvial soils洪积土direct shear test直[接]剪[切]试验dispersive clay分散性粘土disturbed samples扰动土样double layer双电层drainage cohesion, angle of internal friction排水［剪］粘聚力、内摩擦角c d、ϕddrained shear strength排水抗剪强度τd［consolidated］drained triaxial［compression］test [CD-test]［固结］排水三轴［压缩］试验drift-sand流砂［现象］dry density干密度 ddry gravity density (unit weight)干重度(容重) ddynamic elastic modulus动弹性模量E d dynamic load动荷载dynamic penetration test 动力触探试验dynamic triaxial test动三轴试验dynamic shear modulus动剪切模量G d dynamic strain，stress动应变 d、动应力 dEEarth dam土坝Earth material 土料earth pressure at rest静止土压力E0 earthquake engineering 地震工程学earth－rock dam 土石坝earthwork土石方工程eccentric load偏心荷载eccentricity of foundation base loading (result of forces) 基础底面荷载合力偏心距e effective angle of internal friction有效内摩擦角 ’effective cohesion 有效粘聚力c’effective grain size有效粒径d10effective stress有效应力 ’effective stress path[ESP] 有效应力路径elastic modulus，Young’s modulus弹性模量E electro-osmosis 电渗embankments路堤engineering geologic columnar profile工程地质柱状图engineering geologic exploration工程地质勘察engineering geologic drilling工程地质钻探engineering geologic evaluation 工程地质评价engineering geologic map工程地质图engineering geologicmapping 工程地质测绘engineering geologicprofile工程地质剖面图engineering geology工程地质学environmental geotechnics 环境岩土工程学equipotential lines 等势线excavation开挖excess hydrostatic pressure超静水压力excess pore water pressure(stress)超孔隙水压力(应力)expansibility and contractility胀缩性expansion ,swelling index回弹指数C eexpansive soil膨胀土experience factor of settlement calculation沉降计算经验系数Ffactor of safety安全系数failure strength破坏强度failure surface 破坏面fault断层field identification 土的现场鉴别field observation 现场观测fill填土film water，film moisture 薄膜水filter反滤层final settlement最终沉降量sfinal settlement by settlement observation calculating沉降观测推算的最终沉降量s∞fine sand细砂fine-grained soils, fines细粒土fissured soils裂隙粘土fissured water裂隙水flocculent structure絮凝结构flow line 流线flow net流网fold 褶皱flowing sand流砂[现象]fluvial soils冲积土footing，foundation基础foundation settlement地基（基础）沉降fraction粒组free swelling ratio自由膨胀率 effree water自由水free water elevation ，surface地下水位freezingmethod 冻结法friction coefficient offoundation base 基底摩擦系数μfriction－resistance ratio摩阻比frost boiling翻浆frozen heaving properties冻胀性frozen soils冻土GGap－graded soil不连续级配土General-shear failure 整体剪切破坏generalized procedure of slices[GPS]普通条分法[vertical]geostatic(self weight)stress (pressure)[竖向]自重应力（压力）σc、σczgeosynthetics 土工合成材料geotechnical engineering岩土工程geotechnical investigation岩土工程勘察geotextiles 土工织物glacial soils冰积土grading curve级配曲线grain size粒径grain size accumulation curve粒径累计（积）曲线granularity粒度gravel圆砾gravelly sand砾砂gravelly soils砾类土gravitational acceleration重力加速度ggravitational water重力水gravity density重［力密］度γgravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙ground tilt factor地面倾斜系数g c、g q、gγground treatment地基处理ground water地下水、潜水ground water level [GWL],groundwater elevation ,surface,[ground] water table[GWT]地下水位groundwater dynamics 地下水动力学grouting 灌浆Hhalf-space(semi-infinite body)半空间（半无限体）Hansen’s formula of ultimate bearing capacity汉森极限承载力公式hardness degree of rock 岩石坚硬程度head [of water]水头Hheavy dynamic penetration test[HDPT] 重型动力触探试验height of retaining wall挡土墙高度H heigth of tensile area拉力区高度h0 high liquid limit clay ,mo[CH],[MH]高液限粘土、粉土highway公路honeycomb structure蜂窝结构hydraulic gradient水力梯度I hydraulic head水头Hhydrometer method比重计法hydrostatic pressure静水压力Iillite伊利石immediate settlement瞬时沉降s d impermeable lager，impervious stratum 不透水层inclined load倾斜荷载influence coefficients of settlement沉降影响系数 、 o、 c、 m、 r initial collapse pressure 湿陷起始压力initial tangent modulus初始切线模量E i inorganic mineral substance无机矿物质in-situ test原位测试in-situ bearing test现场承载力试验intermediam liquid limit clay [CI]中液限粘土internal friction angle 内摩擦角internal scour潜蚀isotropic soil各向同性土J Janbu’s method of slices 杨布条分法jet grouting method 高压喷射注浆法joint 节理K kaolinite 高岭石karst land feature 喀斯特地貌K0－consolidation K0固结Llaminar flow层流landslide滑坡land subsidence 地面下沉lateral geostatic stress侧向自重应力σcx,σcylaterite 红土layer-wise summation method分层总和法length of foundation base基础底面长度llimit equilibrium condition极限平衡条件limit of plasticity塑限w Plinear shrinkage ratio 线缩率line load线荷载liquefaction液化liquefaction resistance抗液化强度liquid limit[LL]液限w Lliquidity index[LI]液性指数I Lloading test载荷试验local shear failure 局部剪切破坏loess黄土logarithmic spiral对数螺旋线low liquid limit clay,mo[CL],[ML]低液限粘土、粉土MMagmatic rock (igneous rock)岩浆岩（火成岩）major, intermediate, minor principle stress 大、中、小主应力σ1、σ2、σ3marine soils海积土mass circle sliding method整体圆弧滑动法maximum ，minimum void ratio最大、最小孔隙比emax、eminmaximum 、minimum pressure of foundation base基底最大、最小压力p max、p minmaximum, minimum dry density最大、最小干密度ρdmax、 dminmaximum dry density 最大干密度maximum expanded depth of plasticity region塑性区最大发展深度z maxmedian grain diameter中值粒径d30medium sand中砂meniscus弯液面metamorphic rock 变质岩method of slice 条分法mingle soils混合土miscellaneous fill杂填土mo,silts,silty soils粉土(粉性土、粉质土) modulus of deformation, elasticity变形模量E0弹性模量Emodulus of recompression再压缩模量modulus of resilience回弹模量Mohr-Coulomb law摩尔库仑定律moisture-density test 击实试验moisture ,water content含水量(率)w montmorillonite蒙脱石muck, muck soils淤泥、淤泥质土mulching soils覆盖土mud pumping 翻浆冒泥Nnatural angle of repose自然（天然）休止角nomal stress法向应力 x、 y、 znon-cohesive soils无粘性土non-uniform settlement 不均匀沉降normallyconsolidation归一化normally consolidated soils[N.C.soils]正常固结土Ooptimum moisture content 最优含水率organic soil 有机质土Oedometer modulus 侧向压缩模量Eoed、Es oedometer 固结仪、压缩仪、渗透仪one-dimensional consolidation单向固结（压密）optimum moisture，（water）content最优含水量(率)w oporganic soil有机质土，有机土organic substance,organic matter有机质original rock 基岩over coarse-grained soils巨粒土overburden soils覆盖土overconsolidated soils[O.C,soils]超固结(过压密)土overconsolidation ratio [OCR]超固结（过压密）比Pparameters of shear strength 抗剪强度参数partical size粒径partical size analysis颗粒分析试验passive earth pressure被动土压力E ppath of percolation渗[透途]径Hpeat泥炭pebble圆砾penetration resistace贯入阻力percent of soil particles土粒百分含量p i perched water上层滞水perennially frozen soil多年冻土permeable layer ,pervious stratum 透水层permeability渗透性permeability test渗透试验phreatic line浸润线phreatic water潜水、地下水physical properties of rock岩石的物理性质piezocone test[CPTU]孔压静力触探试验piezometric head测压管水头piezometer head测压管水头hpiping管涌plane strain test平面应变试验plastic failure塑性破坏plastic flow塑流plastic limit[PL]塑限w Pplastic strain 塑性应变plastic zone塑性区plasticity chart塑性图plasticity index[PI]塑性指数I pplate loading test平板载荷试验point loading点荷载试验Poisson’s ratio泊松比μpoorly-graded soils不良级配土pore air pressure孔隙气压力pore water pressure(stress)孔隙水压力（应力）upore pressure(stress) parameters孔隙压力（应力）系数A、Bpore pressure ratio孔隙压力比porewater孔隙水porosity孔隙率npreconsolidation pressure先（前）期固结压力p cpreloading method预压法pressure bulb压力泡pressuremeter test[PMT]旁（横）压试验primary consolidation主固结primary mineral原生矿物principal stress主应力 1、 2、 3principle of effective strress有效应力原理proctor ［compaction］test普罗克特［击实］试验proportional limit load 比例界限荷载p prpumping test抽水试验punching-shear failure冲[切]剪[切]破坏Qquality of soil, soil particles (solids),water土、土粒、水的质量m、m s、m wQuaternary deposit第四纪沉积层quicksand流砂[现象]quick shear cohesion, angle of internal friction快剪粘聚力、内摩擦角c q、ϕqquick[shear] test快剪试验RRadius of influence影响半径Rankine’s theory of earth pressure朗肯土压力理论rate of settlement沉降速率ratio of length to width长宽比mrebound modulus回弹摸量recompression curve再压缩曲线rectangular footing矩形基础red clay ,adamic earth红粘土regional soils 特殊[性]土，区域性土relative density [RD]相对密(实)度D rresidual deformation残余变形residual soils 残积土residual strength 残余强度rubble ，rubble-stone 块石running sand流砂[现象]rupture surface破坏面Ssaline soil盐积土sand drain排水砂井sand particle content砂粒含量sand boiling砂沸（涌）现象、喷水冒砂sandy silt砂质粉土sandy soils, sands砂土(砂类土、砂性土、砂质土)saturated density饱和密度ρsatsaturated gravity density饱和重度γsatscale effect尺度效应screw plate loading test[SPLT]螺旋板载荷试验seasonally frozen soil季节冻土secondary compression （consolidation）index次压缩（固结）指数Cαsecondary compression (consolidation)settlement ,creep settlement次压缩（固结）沉降s ssecondary mineral次生矿物secondary red clay次生红粘土seepage[flow] 渗流（漏）seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage failure 渗透破坏seepage discharge渗流量Qseepage force渗流力（动水力）G Dseepage line浸润线(渗流线)seepage velocity渗流速度vseepage path渗径[verticale ]self weight (geostatic)stress (pressure)[竖向]自重应力（压力）σcz、σcsemi—infinite elastic半无限弹性体sensitivity灵敏度Stsettlement calculation depth沉降计算深度znshallow foundation 浅基础shape factor of foundation基础形状系数s c、s q、sγshear failure剪切破坏shear modulus剪切模量Gshear resistance 剪阻力或抗剪力shear strain剪应变shear strength抗剪强度 fshear strength envelope抗剪强度包线shear stress剪应力sheet pile wall板桩墙shrinkage limit[SL]缩限w ssieve analysis test筛分试验silty clay粉质粘土silty sand粉砂silty soils,silts,mo粉土(粉性土、粉质土)single-grained structure单粒结构size fraction粒组slip surface滑动面slope stability土坡稳定性slope wash,slope materials坡积土slow shear cohesion，angle of internal friction慢剪粘聚力、内摩擦角c s、ϕsslow(direct)shear test慢剪试验soft clay软粘土soft foundation 软弱地基soil土soil classification土的分类soil cohesion，angle of internal friction土的粘聚力c、内摩擦角soil dynamics土动力学soil fabric土的组构soil flow流土soil mechanics土力学soil nailing土钉soil sampler取土器soil skeleton土骨架soil structure and texture土的结构和构造soil supporting layer，substrate地基持力层、下卧层soil，foundation and superstructure interaction 地基、基础与上部结构相互作用soils and Foundations 地基及基础soils improvement 地基处理special soils特殊（性）土specific gravity of soil particles土粒比重G sspecific penetration resistance比贯入阻力p sspecific surface比表面（积）split test劈裂试验(巴西试验)SPT blow count标[准]贯[入试验锤]击数N square footing方形基础stabilityof foundation soil 地基稳定性stability against sliding抗滑稳定性stability number稳定数N sstability number method稳定数法standard penetration test [SPT]标准贯入试验static penetration test[CPT]静力触探试验static failure strength静力破坏强度 fstip foundation 条形基础Stokes’ law司笃克斯定律Stones,stoney soils碎石[类]土stress、strain 应力 、应变stress history，path,level应力历史、路径、水平stress concentration应力集中strength envelope 强度包线strength of active earth pressure主动土压力强度σastrength of passive earth pressure主动土压力强度σpstrength of earth pressure at rest静止土压力强度σ0strip load条形荷载subgrade路基、地基subgrade reaction地基反力superimposed pressure of foundation base基底平均附加压力psuperimposed stress （pressure）of subsoil地基附加应力(压力) zsurcharge[load]超载surface tension表面张力surface water地表水surface wave velocity method表面波法Swedish circle method瑞典圆弧法swelling force膨胀力swelling，expansion index 回弹(膨胀)指数C e swelling ratio膨胀率syncline向斜T[ground]table 地下水Terzaghi’s theory of one dimensional consolidation 太沙基一维固结理论Terzaghi’s ultimate bearing capacity太沙基极限承载力thaw collapse融陷thick wall sampler厚壁取土器thinwall sampler薄壁取土器thixotropy触变性three phase diagram三相图tilt factors of load荷载倾斜系数i c、i q、iγtime factor时间因数total stress总应力σtotal stress path [TSP]总应力路径transducer传感器triaxial compression test三轴压缩试验true triaxial test 真三轴试验two-dimensional consolidation二维固结（压密）two-dimensional flow二维流turbulent flow紊流Uultimate bearing capacity 极限承载力unconfined compression strength of remolded soil 重塑土的无侧限抗压强度q u'unconfined compressive strength无侧限抗压强度q uunder consolidated soil欠固结土underground diaphragm wall地下连续墙underlying stratum 下卧层undisturbed soil sample不扰动土样(原状土样) uniformly distributed load均布荷载undrained shear strength cohesion ,angle of internal f riction不排水抗剪强度τu、粘聚力c u、内摩擦角 [unconsolidation]undrained triaxial compression test[UU-test][不固结]不排水三轴压缩试验unit weight 容重[un]uniformity coefficient不均匀系数C u unsaturated soil非饱和土VVan der Waals’ [bonding]forces范德华（键）力[field]Vane shear test [FVT] [现场]十字板剪切试验vertical average degree of consolidation竖向平均固结度zUvertical force of foundation top基础顶面竖向力Fvertical time factor竖向时间因数T vVesic’s formula of ultimate bearing capacity魏锡克极限承载力公式vibration frequency振次n［dynamic］viscosity［动力］粘[滞]度ηvoid ratio孔隙比evolumetric strain体应变volume of soil，soil particles (solids), water , air土、土粒、土中水、土中气的体积V、V s、V w、V avolume of void孔隙体积V vvolume shrinkage ratio体缩率WWater，moisture content含水量(率)wwater content ratio含水比uwater table地下水位weak ground软弱地基weathering风化weighted average gravity density(unit weight)加权平均重度(容重) 0well-graded soil良好级配土wet density湿密度width of foundation base基础底面宽度bYyeilding flow塑流yellow clay ,loess黄土yield 屈服yield criteria 屈服准则Young’s modulus,elastic m odulus弹性模量E。
以下是《材料力学》课中专业词汇，共141个，对机械、力学专业本科生绝对有用！mechanics of materials 材料力学axial force 轴向力bar 杆（只受轴向力）torsion 扭转shaft 轴（只受扭转）bending 弯曲beam 梁（只受弯曲）compression; compressive 压缩column 柱（只受压缩）stress 应力strain 应变displacement 位移deformation 变形strength 强度stiffness 刚度stability 稳定性tension; tensile 拉伸shear 剪切prismatic bar 等截面直杆cross section 截面uniformly distributed load; uniform load 均布载荷normal stress 正应力sign convention 符号规定stress distribution 应力分布stress concentration 应力集中dimensionless quantity 无量纲量homogeneous 匀质的uniaxial stress and strain 单轴应力和应变mechanical behavior (材料的)力学行为specimen 试件elongation 伸长量extensometer 引伸计gage length 标准长度nominal stress 名义应力true stress 真实应力proportional limit 比例极限elastic modulus; modulus of elasticity 弹性模量 (pl. moduli)yielding 屈服plastic 塑性strain hardening 强化necking 颈缩ultimate strength 强度极限ductile 韧性percent elongation 延伸率percent reduction in area 断面收缩率brittle 脆性elastic limit 弹性极限plasticity 塑性plastic flow 塑性流动creep 蠕变relaxation 松弛Hooke’s Law 胡克定律Poisson’s ratio 泊松比lateral strain 横向应变pure shear 纯剪切shear stress 切应力bearing 挤压shear modulus of elasticity 切变模量factor of safety 安全系数allowable stress 许用应力axial rigidity 抗拉刚度(EA)statically indeterminate 静不定equation of equilibrium 平衡方程equation of compatibility 变形协调方程constitutive relations 本构关系（物理方程）thermal stress 热应力coefficient of thermal expansion 线胀系数prestrain 预应变inclined section 斜截面strain energy 应变能strain energy density 应变能密度modulus of resilience 回弹模量impact load 冲击载荷dynamic load 动载荷repeated load 交变载荷fatigue 疲劳fatigue limit; endurance limit 疲劳极限Saint-Venant’s Principle 圣维南原理statically equivalent 静力等效stress-concentration factor 应力集中系数elastoplastic material 弹塑性材料couple 力偶moment of a couple 力偶矩vector 矢量torque; twisting moment 扭矩angle of twist / rotation 扭转角rate of twist; angle of twist per unit length 单位长度扭转角polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩Iptorsional rigidity 抗扭刚度GIpthin-walled open cross section 开口薄壁截面bending moment 弯矩shear force 剪力simply supported beam; simple beam 简支梁pin support 固定铰支座roller support 可动铰支座cantilever beam 悬臂梁fixed support; clamped support 固定端beam with an overhang 外伸梁concentrated load 集中力distributed load 分布力intensity (of distributed load) （分布力的）集度reaction 反力pure bending 纯弯曲nonuniform bending 横力弯曲neutral surface 中性层neutral axis 中性轴moment of inertia; second moment 惯性矩；二次轴矩flexural rigidity 抗弯刚度EI section modulus 抗弯截面系数fully stressed beam 等强度梁first moment 静矩products of inertia 惯性积beam of wide-flange shape 工字梁web 腹板flange 翼缘composite beam 复合梁deflection curve 挠度曲线curvature 曲率radius of curvature 曲率半径angle of rotation 转角slope 斜率differential equation 微分方程method of successive integrations 积分法boundary condition 边界条件continuity condition 连续性条件symmetry condition 对称性条件method of superposition 叠加法principal stress 主应力principal plane 主平面Mohr’s Circle 摩尔圆triaxial stress 三向应力electrical-resistance strain gage 电阻应变片strain rosette 应变花pressure vessel 压力容器combined loadings 组合应力buckling 屈曲critical load 临界压力effective length factor 长度因数slenderness ratio （压杆的）柔度或长细比。
.材料力学Mechanics of Materials构件Structure member强度strength刚度rigidity稳定性stability变形固体solid deformation body基本假设fundamental assumption各向同性Isotropy内力internal force外力external force二力杆two force bar刚体rigid body轴向拉伸Axial tension轴向压缩Axial compression拉力tensile force内力Internal force轴力axial force轴力图diagram of axial force集中载荷concentrate load应力stress平均应力Average stress全应力whole stress平面假设Hypothesis of plane section拉应力Tensile stress应力集中stress concentration剪切shearing正应力normal stress剪应力shearing Stress线应变linear strain剪应变angular strain剪力shearing force弹性应变能Elastic strain energy静定问题statically determinate problem 静不定问题statically indeterminate problem 平衡方程equilibrium equations比例极限Proportional limit弹性极限Elastic limit屈服极限Yielding limit塑性材料ductile material 强度极限Strength limit铸铁cast iron轴Shaft扭转Torsion扭转角The angle of twist扭矩Internal torque扭矩图Internal torque diagram剪应力互等定Theorem of complementary shearingstresses弯曲bending梁Beam固定铰支座Fixed hinged support可动铰支座Movable hinged support固定端Rigidly fixed end简支梁simply supported beam悬臂梁Cantilever beam外伸梁Overhanging beam静定梁Statically determinate beam超静定梁Statically indeterminate beam弯曲内力Internal force in bending弯矩Bending moment内力方程Internal force equation剪力图shearing force diagram弯矩图bending moment diagram分布荷载the distributed load荷载集度the density of the distributed load平面刚架Planar rigid frame曲杆Curved rod纯弯曲Pure Bending中性轴Neutral axis曲率半径the radius of curvature挠度Deflection转角Angle of rotation挠曲线deflection curve位移边界条Boundary conditions of thedisplacement支点位移条件Displacement conditions at thesupports.连续条件Continuity conditions 光滑条件Sliding conditions积分常数integral constant 一点的应力状态Stressed state at a point原始单元体Original element 主单元体Principal element主面principal plane 主应力principal stress三向应力状态Three Dimensional State of Stress二向应力状态Plane State of Stress 应力圆Stress Circle单向应力状态Unidirectional State of Stress 主应力迹线Principal stress trajectories应变能密度strain-energy density 强度理论Theories of strength最大拉应力（第一强度）理论：Theory of maximum tensile stress（first strength）最大伸长线应变（第二强度）理论：Theory of maximum tensile strain（second strength）最大剪应力（第三强度）理论Theory of maximum shearing stress(third strength)形状改变比能（第四强度）理论Theory of maximum torsional (shearing)strain energy (fourth strength）莫尔强度理论Mohr’s strength theory相当应力Equivalent stress组合变形Composite deformation 斜弯曲Skew bending中性轴方程Equation of the neutral axis 不稳定平衡instable equilibrium拉(压)弯组合变形Bending and tension or compression稳定平衡Stable equilibrium 压杆失稳Loss of stability of the column临界压力the critical pressure of the column 理想压杆Ideal compressive columns长度系数Length coefficient 约束系数constraint coefficient临界应力Critical stress 柔度Flexibility应变能Strain energy 卡氏定理Catigliano’S Theorem莫尔定理(单位力法) Mohr’S theorem(Method of unit force)。
材料、结构力学名词英文-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1力学 mechanics 牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics 经典力学 classical mechanics 静力学 statics 运动学 kinematics 动力学 dynamics子波 wavelet 次级子波 secondary wavele 驻波 standing wave声强 intensity of sound 声强计 phonometer 声调 intonation音色 musical quality 音调 pitch 声级 sound level声压[强] sound pressure 声源 sound source 声阻抗 acoustic impedance声抗 acoustic reactance 声阻 acoustic resistance 声导纳 acoustic admittance声导 acoustic conductance 声纳 acoustic susceptance 声共振 acoustic resonance声波 sound wave 超声波 supersonic wave 声速 sound velocity次声波 infrasonic wave 亚声速 subsonic speed又称“亚音速”。
超声速 supersonic speed又称“超音速”。
声呐 sonar 共鸣 resonance回波 echo 回声 echo 拍 beat 拍频 beat frequency群速 group velocity 相速 phase velocity 能流 energy flux能流密度 energy flux density 材料力学 mechanics of materials, strength of materials 应力 stress 法向应力 normal stress 剪[切]应力 shear stress单轴应力 uniaxial stress 双轴应力 biaxial stress 拉[伸]应力 tensile stress压[缩]应力 compressive stress 周向应力 circumferential stress纵向应力 longitudinal stress 轴向应力 axial stress弯[曲]应力 bending stress, flexural stress 扭[转]应力 torsional stress局部应力 localized stress 残余应力 residual stress 热应力 thermal stress最大法向应力 maximum normal stress 最小法向应力 minimum normal stress最大剪应力 maximum shear stress 主应力 principal stress主剪应力 principal shear stress 工作应力 working stress 许用应力 allowable stress 应力集中 stress concentration 应力集中系数 stress concentration factor应力状态 state of stress 应力分析 stress analysis结构[强度]分析 structured analysis 应变 strain 剪[切]应变 shear strain法向应变 normal strain 拉[伸]应变 tensile strain 压[缩]应变 compressive strain 体积应变 volumetric strain 残余应变 residual strain 热应变 thermal strain最大法向应变 maximum normal strain 主应变 principal strain主剪应变 principal shear strain 名义应变 nominal strain应变状态 state of strain 载荷 load又称“荷载”。
机械设计名词中英文对照表AArchimedes worm 阿基米德蜗杆safety factor; factor of safety 安全系数safe load 安全载荷凹面、凹度 concavityBwrench 扳手flat leaf spring 板簧半圆键 woodruff key 变形 deformation 摆杆 oscillating bar 摆动从动件oscillating follower 摆动从动件凸轮机构 cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构 oscillating guide-bar mechanism摆线齿轮 cycloidal gear 摆线齿形 cycloidal tooth profile 摆线运动规律 cycloidal motion 摆线针轮 cycloidal-pin wheel 包角 angle of contact practices. The development of various undertakings, requires each party to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy advocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior party. Third, focus on improving service, the ability保持架 cage背对背安装 back-to-back arrangement 背锥 back cone ; normal cone 背锥角 back angle背锥距 back cone distance 比例尺 scale比热容 specific heat capacity 闭式链 closed kinematic chain 闭链机构closed chain mechanism 臂部 arm变频器 frequency converters 变频调速 frequency control of motor speed 变速 speed change变速齿轮 change gear ; change wheel 变位齿轮 modified gear变位系数 modification coefficient 标准齿轮 standard gear标准直齿轮 standard spur gear 表面质量系数 superficial mass factor表面传热系数 surface coefficient of heat transferarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part2表面粗糙度 surface roughness 并联式组合 combination in parallel 并联机构 parallel mechanism 并联组合机构 parallel combined mechanism 并行工程 concurrent engineering 并行设计 concurred design, CD 不平衡相位 phase angle of unbalance 不平衡 imbalance (or unbalance) 不平衡量 amount ofunbalance 不完全齿轮机构 intermittent gearing 波发生器 wave generator 波数 number of waves 补偿 compensationC参数化设计 parameterization design, PD 残余应力 residual stress 操纵及控制装置 operation control device 槽轮 Geneva wheel槽轮机构 Geneva mechanism ; Maltese cross 槽数 Geneva numerater party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p3槽凸轮 groove cam侧隙 backlash差动轮系 differential gear train 差动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism 差速器 differentialconventional mechanism; mechanism常用机构in common use 车床 lathe承载量系数 bearing capacity factor 承载能力 bearing capacity 成对安装 paired mounting 尺寸系列 dimension series 齿槽 tooth space 齿槽宽 spacewidth齿侧间隙 backlash齿顶高 addendum齿顶圆 addendum circle 齿根高 dedendum齿根圆 dedendum circle 齿厚 tooth thicknessarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part4齿距 circular pitch 齿宽 face width齿廓 tooth profile齿廓曲线 tooth curve齿轮 gear齿轮变速箱 speed-changing gear boxes 齿轮齿条机构 pinion and rack pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper齿轮插刀cutter齿轮滚刀 hob ,hobbing cutter 齿轮机构 gear齿轮轮坯 blank齿轮传动系 pinion unit齿轮联轴器 gear coupling 齿条传动 rack gear齿数 tooth number 齿数比 gear ratio齿条 rackrack cutter; rack-shaped shaper齿条插刀cutterr party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p5齿形链、无声链 silent chain齿形系数 form factor齿式棘轮机构 tooth ratchet mechanism 插齿机 gear shaper重合点 coincident points 重合度 contact ratio冲床 punch传动比 transmission ratio, speed ratio 传动装置 gearing; transmission gear 传动系统 driven system传动角 transmission angle 传动轴 transmission shaft 串联式组合combination in series 串联式组合机构 series combined mechanism 串级调速cascade speed control 创新 innovation ; creation 创新设计 creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷 normal load唇形橡胶密封 lip rubber seal磁流体轴承 magnetic fluid bearingarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part6从动带轮 driven pulley从动件 driven link, follower 从动件平底宽度 width of flat-face 从动件停歇 follower dwell 从动件运动规律 follower motion 从动轮 driven gear 粗线 bold line粗牙螺纹 coarse threadDgear wheel 大齿轮打包机 packer打滑 slipping带传动 belt driving 带轮 belt pulley 带式制动器 band brake 单列轴承single row bearing 单向推力轴承 single-direction thrust bearing 单万向联轴节 single universal joint 单位矢量 unit vector 当量齿轮 equivalent spur gear; virtual gearr party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p7equivalent teeth number; virtual当量齿数number of teeth当量摩擦系数 equivalent coefficient of friction 当量载荷 equivalent load刀具 cutter导数 derivative倒角 chamfer导热性 conduction of heat导程 lead导程角 lead angleparabolic motion; constant 等加等减速运动规律 acceleration and decelerationmotionuniform motion; constant velocity等速运动规律motion等径凸轮 conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮 constant-breadth cam等效构件 equivalent link等效力 equivalent force等效力矩 equivalent moment of force等效量 equivalentarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part8等效质量 equivalent mass等效转动惯量 equivalent moment of inertia 等效动力学模型 dynamically equivalent model 底座 chassis低副 lower pair点划线 chain dotted line (疲劳)点蚀 pitting垫圈 gasket垫片密封 gasket seal碟形弹簧 belleville spring顶隙 bottom clearanceordinary gear train; gear train定轴轮系with fixed axes动力学 dynamics动密封 kinematical seal动能 dynamic energy动力粘度 dynamic viscosity 动力润滑 dynamic lubrication 动平衡dynamic balance 动平衡机 dynamic balancing machiner party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p9动态特性 dynamic characteristics 动态分析设计 dynamic analysis design 动压力 dynamic reaction动载荷 dynamic load端面 transverse plane端面参数 transverse parameters 端面齿距 transverse circular pitch 端面齿廓 transverse tooth profile 端面重合度 transverse contact ratio 端面模数 transverse module 端面压力角 transverse pressure angle 锻造 forge对称循环应力 symmetry circulating stress 对心滚子从动件 radial (orin-line ) roller followerradial (or in-line ) translating对心直动从动件follower对心移动从动件 radial reciprocating followerin-line slider-crank (or 对心曲柄滑块机构crank-slider) mechanism 多列轴承 multi-row bearingarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part10多楔带 poly V-belt 多项式运动规律 polynomial motion 多质量转子 rotor with several masses 惰轮 idle gearE额定寿命 rating lifeload rating 额定载荷II 级杆组 dyadF发生线 generating linegenerating plane 发生面法面 normal plane 法面参数 normal parameters 法面齿距 normalcircular pitch 法面模数 normal module 法面压力角 normal pressure angle 法向齿距 normal pitch 法向齿廓 normal tooth profiler party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p11法向直廓蜗杆 straight sided normal worm 法向力 normal force反馈式组合 feedback combining反向运动学 inverse ( or backward) kinematics 反转法 kinematic inversion反正切 Arctan范成法 generating cutting仿形法 form cutting方案设计、概念设计 concept design, CD防振装置 shockproof device飞轮 flywheel飞轮矩 moment of flywheel非标准齿轮 nonstandard gear非接触式密封 non-contact seal非周期性速度波动 aperiodic speed fluctuation 非圆齿轮 non-circular gear粉末合金 powder metallurgy分度线 reference line; standard pitch linereference circle; standard (cutting)分度圆pitch circlearty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part12分度圆柱导程角 lead angle at reference cylinder 分度圆柱螺旋角 helix angle at reference cylinder 分母 denominator分子 numerator分度圆锥 reference cone; standard pitch cone 分析法 analytical method封闭差动轮系 planetary differential 复合铰链 compound hinge复合式组合 compound combining 复合轮系 compound (or combined) gear train 复合平带 compound flat belt复合应力 combined stress复式螺旋机构 Compound screw mechanism 复杂机构 complex mechanismGAssur group 杆组干涉 interference刚度系数 stiffness coefficient 刚轮 rigid circular spline 钢丝软轴wire soft shaftr party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p13刚体导引机构 body guidance mechanism 刚性冲击 rigid impulse (shock) 刚性转子 rigid rotor 刚性轴承 rigid bearing 刚性联轴器 rigid coupling 高度系列 height series 高速带 high speed belt 高副 higher pair 格拉晓夫定理 Grashoff`s law 根切 undercutting 公称直径 nominal diameter 高度系列height series 功 work工况系数 application factor 工艺设计 technological design 工作循环图working cycle diagram 工作机构 operation mechanism 工作载荷 external loads 工作空间 working space 工作应力 working stressarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part14工作阻力 effective resistance 工作阻力矩 effective resistance moment 公法线 common normal line 公共约束 general constraint 公制齿轮 metric gears功率 power功能分析设计 function analyses design 共轭齿廓 conjugate profiles 共轭凸轮 conjugate cam构件 link鼓风机 blower固定构件 fixed link; frame 固体润滑剂 solid lubricant关节型操作器 jointed manipulator 惯性力 inertia forcemoment of inertia ,shaking惯性力矩moment惯性力平衡 balance of shaking force 惯性力完全平衡 full balance of shaking force 惯性力部分平衡 partial balance of shaking forcer party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p15惯性主矩 resultant moment of inertia 惯性主失 resultant vector of inertia 冠轮 crown gear广义机构 generation mechanism 广义坐标 generalized coordinate 轨迹生成 path generation 轨迹发生器 path generator 滚刀 hob滚道 raceway滚动体 rolling element 滚动轴承 rolling bearingrolling bearing identification滚动轴承代号code滚针 needle roller滚针轴承 needle roller bearing 滚子 roller滚子轴承 roller bearing 滚子半径 radius of roller 滚子从动件 roller follower 滚子链 roller chainarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy partymembers. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part16滚子链联轴器 double roller chain coupling 滚珠丝杆 ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器 roller clutch过度切割 undercuttingH函数发生器 function generatorfunction generation 函数生成含油轴承 oil bearing耗油量 oil consumption 耗油量系数 oil consumption factor 赫兹公式 H. Hertz equation 合成弯矩 resultant bending moment 合力 resultant force 合力矩 resultant moment of force 黑箱 black box横坐标 abscissa互换性齿轮 interchangeable gears 花键 spline滑键、导键 feather key滑动轴承 sliding bearingr party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No freeride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p17滑动率 sliding ratio 滑块 slider环面蜗杆 toroid helicoids worm 环形弹簧 annular spring 缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber 灰铸铁 grey cast iron 回程 return 回转体平衡 balance of rotors 混合轮系 compound gear trainJ积分 integratemechanical-electrical integration system 机电一体化系统设计 design 机构 mechanism机构分析 analysis of mechanism 机构平衡 balance of mechanism 机构学mechanism机构运动设计 kinematic design of mechanism 机构运动简图 kinematic sketch of mechanism 机构综合 synthesis of mechanism 机构组成constitution of mechanismarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part18机架 frame, fixed link机架变换 kinematic inversion机器 machine机器人 robot机器人操作器 manipulator机器人学 robotics技术过程 technique process技术经济评价 technical and economic evaluation 技术系统 technique system机械 machinery机械创新设计 mechanical creation design, MCD 机械系统设计 mechanical system design, MSD 机械动力分析 dynamic analysis of machinery 机械动力设计 dynamic design of machinery 机械动力学 dynamics of machinery 机械的现代设计 modern machine design 机械系统 mechanical system机械利益 mechanical advantage 机械平衡 balance of machinery 机械手manipulatorr party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p19机械设计 machine design; mechanical design 机械特性 mechanical behavior机械调速 mechanical speed governors 机械效率 mechanical efficiency 机械原理 theory of machines and mechanisms 机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of speed fluctuation 机械无级变速 mechanical stepless speed changes 基础机构 fundamental mechanism 基本额定寿命 basic rating life 基于实例设计 case-based design,CBD 基圆 base circle基圆半径 radius of base circle基圆齿距 base pitch基圆压力角 pressure angle of base circle 基圆柱 base cylinder基圆锥 base cone急回机构 quick-return mechanism 急回特性 quick-returncharacteristics 急回系数 advance-to return-time ratio 急回运动 quick-return motionarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part20棘轮 ratchet棘轮机构 ratchet mechanism棘爪 pawl极限位置 extreme (or limiting) positioncrank angle between extreme (or极位夹角limiting) positions计算机辅助设计 computer aided design, CAD 计算机辅助制造 computer aided manufacturing, CAMcomputer integrated manufacturing计算机集成制造系统system, CIMS计算力矩 factored moment; calculation moment 计算弯矩 calculated bending moment 加权系数 weighting efficient加速度 acceleration加速度分析 acceleration analysis加速度曲线 acceleration diagram尖点 pointing; cusp尖底从动件 knife-edge follower间隙 backlash间歇运动机构 intermittent motion mechanismr party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No freeride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p21减速比 reduction ratio 减速齿轮、减速装置 reduction gear减速器 speed reducer减摩性 anti-friction quality 渐开螺旋面 involute helicoid 渐开线involute渐开线齿廓 involute profile 渐开线齿轮 involute gear渐开线发生线 generating line of involute 渐开线方程 involute equation 渐开线函数 involute function 渐开线蜗杆 involute worm 渐开线压力角 pressure angle of involute 渐开线花键 involute spline 简谐运动 simple harmonic motion 键 key键槽 keyway交变应力 repeated stress 交变载荷 repeated fluctuating load 交叉带传动 cross-belt drivearty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part22交错轴斜齿轮 crossed helical gears 胶合 scoring角加速度 angular acceleration 角速度 angular velocity角速比 angular velocity ratio 角接触球轴承 angular contact ball bearing 角接触推力轴承 angular contact thrust bearing 角接触向心轴承angular contact radial bearing 角接触轴承 angular contact bearing 铰链、枢纽 hinge校正平面 correcting plane接触应力 contact stress接触式密封 contact seal阶梯轴 multi-diameter shaft 结构 structure结构设计 structural design截面 section节点 pitch point节距 circular pitch; pitch of teeth 节线 pitch liner party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p23节圆 pitch circle节圆齿厚 thickness on pitch circle 节圆直径 pitch diameter节圆锥 pitch cone节圆锥角 pitch cone angle解析设计 analytical design紧边 tight-side紧固件 fastener径节 diametral pitch径向 radial direction径向当量动载荷 dynamic equivalent radial load 径向当量静载荷 static equivalent radial load 径向基本额定动载荷 basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷 basic static radial load tating 径向接触轴承radial contact bearing 径向平面 radial plane径向游隙 radial internal clearance 径向载荷 radial load径向载荷系数 radial load factor径向间隙 clearancearty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part24静力 static force静平衡 static balance静载荷 static load静密封 static seal局部自由度 passive degree of freedom 矩阵 matrix矩形螺纹 square threaded form 锯齿形螺纹 buttress thread form 矩形牙嵌式离合器 square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺寸系数 absolute dimensional factor 绝对运动 absolute motion绝对速度 absolute velocity均衡装置 load balancing mechanismK抗压强度 compression strengthopen-belt drive 开口传动开式链 open kinematic chain 开链机构 open chain mechanism 可靠度degree of reliability 可靠性 reliabilityr party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p25可靠性设计 reliability design, RD 空气弹簧 air spring空间机构 spatial mechanism 空间连杆机构 spatial linkage 空间凸轮机构spatial cam 空间运动副 spatial kinematic pair 空间运动链 spatial kinematic chain 空转 idle宽度系列 width series 框图 block diagramLReynolds‘s equation 雷诺方程离心力 centrifugal force 离心应力 centrifugal stress 离合器 clutch 离心密封 centrifugal seal 理论廓线 pitch curve 理论啮合线theoretical line of action 隶属度 membership 力 forcearty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part26力多边形 force polygonforce-drive (or force-closed) 力封闭型凸轮机构cam mechanism 力矩 moment力平衡 equilibrium力偶 couple力偶矩 moment of couple 连杆 connecting rod, coupler 连杆机构linkage连杆曲线 coupler-curve 连心线 line of centers 链 chain链传动装置 chain gearingsprocket ; sprocket-wheel ; 链轮sprocket gear ; chain wheel 联组 V 带 tight-up V belt 联轴器coupling ; shaft coupling 两维凸轮 two-dimensional cam 临界转速 critical speed六杆机构 six-bar linkager party. Third, focus on improving service, the abilityocacy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superiocy advs is unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at poliarty to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party memberpractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each p27龙门刨床 double Haas planer 轮坯 blank轮系 gear train 螺杆 screw螺距 thread pitch 螺母 screw nut 螺旋锥齿轮 helical bevel gear 螺钉screws螺栓 bolts螺纹导程 lead螺纹效率 screw efficiency 螺旋传动 power screw 螺旋密封 spiral seal 螺纹 thread (of a screw) 螺旋副 helical pair 螺旋机构 screw mechanism 螺旋角 helix angle 螺旋线 helix ,helical linegreen design ; design for绿色设计environmentarty. Third, focus on improving service, the abilitycy, and to perform good decisions of party committees and Governments, determined to complete work assigned by the superior padvocas unworthy party members. Both staff members and no staff members, both vigorous and resolute working style, good at policy y to pay and hard work. No free ride thing under the Sun, if you cannot play a vanguard and exemplary role of party members ipractices. The development of various undertakings, requires each part28M马耳他机构 Geneva wheel ; Geneva gearMaltese cross 马耳他十字脉动无级变速 pulsating stepless speed changes 脉动循环应力fluctuating circulating stress 脉动载荷 fluctuating load 铆钉 rivet 迷宫密封 labyrinth seal密封 seal密封带 seal belt密封胶 seal gum密封元件 potted component 密封装置 sealing arrangement 面对面安装face-to-face arrangementdesign for product`s life cycle,面向产品生命周期设计DPLC名义应力、公称应力 nominal stress。
tension and compression 拉伸与压缩torsion 扭转bending 弯曲shear 剪切tension compression test 拉伸压缩试验mechanical properties of materials 材料的机械特性gauge length 标距extensometer 引伸计electrical-resistance strain gauge 电阻应变片stress-strain diagram 应力应变曲线ductile materials 塑性材料brittle materials 脆性材料Poisson’s Ratio 泊松比Saint-Venant’s principle 圣文南原理statically indeterminated 静不定的（超静定的）statically determinated 静定的NNeeww w woorrddss a anndd p phhrraasseessChapter 1. Introductionthermal stress 热应力linear coefficient of thermal expansion 热膨胀系数stress concentration 应力集中concentration factor 应力集中系数mechanical Model 力学模型sign conventionultimate Stress 极限应力allowable stress 许用应力safety factor 安全因数mild steel 低碳钢gray cast iron 灰铸铁percent elongation 延伸率percent reduction of area 断面收缩率nominal yield stress 名义屈服极限strength (plastic) index 强度(塑性)指标cold hardening 冷作硬化method of positive assumption 设正法Tensile rigidity 抗拉刚度torque 扭矩axle 车轴drive shaft 驱动轴circular shaft 圆轴angle of twist 扭转角polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩power 功率angular speed 角速度solid shaft 实心轴tubular shaft 空心轴right-hand rule 右手法则torque-loaded member 受扭构件bulge (warp) 扭曲external torque 外力偶矩(转矩) internal torque 扭矩torsional section modulus 抗扭截面系数跳beam 梁shear 剪力moment 弯矩simply supported beam 简支梁cantilevered beam 悬臂梁overhanging beam 外伸梁shear and moment functions 剪力弯矩方程shear and moment diagrams 剪力弯矩图beam sign convention 梁的内力符号规则distributed load 分布载荷differential relation 微分关系slope 斜率jump upward (downward) 向上(下)突跳planar bending 平面弯曲shearing bending 剪切弯曲pure bending 纯弯曲neutral surface 中性层neutral axis 中性轴shear flow 剪切流shear center 剪切中心thin-walled member 薄壁构件prismatic beam 等截面梁fully stressed beam 等强度梁unsymmetric bending 非对称弯曲curvature 曲率wide-flange 工字形截面rectangular cross section 矩形截面bending section modulus 抗弯截面系数of integration 积分常数boundary condition 边界条件continuity condition 连续条件slope 转角deflection 挠度the integration method 积分法method of superposition 叠加法moment-area method 力矩面积法flexural rigidity 抗弯刚度elastic curve 挠曲线constant of integration 积分常数boundary condition 边界条件continuity condition 连续条件slope 转角deflection 挠度the integration method 积分法method of superposition 叠加法moment-area method 力矩面积法plane-stress 平面应力three-dimensional stress 三维应力state of stress 应力状态principal stresses 主应力principal planes 主平面principal element volume 主单元体stress circle 应力圆Mohr’s circle 莫尔圆triaxial stress 三轴应力strain rosettes 应变花Generalized Hooke’s Law 广义虎克定理dilatation 体积应变bulk modulus 体积弹性模量material failure 材料破坏yielding 屈服fracture 断裂multiaxial state of stress 多向应力状态Maximum-shear-stress theory 最大切应力理论Tresca yield criterion Tresca屈服准则Maximum-distortion-energy theory 最大歪形能理论Maximum-normal-stress theory 最大正应力理论Mohr’s failure criterion Mohr破坏准则critical load 临界载荷long slender bar 细长杆buckling 屈曲失稳，压弯stable equilibrium 稳定平衡unstable equilibrium 不稳定平衡neutral equilibrium 随遇平衡pin supports 铰链支座radius of gyration 回转半径effective-length factor 长度因子effective-slenderness radio 长细比，柔度。
材料力学词汇中英对照（按汉语拼音字母顺序）A安全因数safety factorB半桥接法half bridge闭口薄壁杆thin-walled tubes比例极限proportional limit边界条件boundary conditions变截面梁beam of variable cross section变形deformation变形协调方程compatibility equation标距gage length泊松比Poisson’s ratio补偿块compensating blockC材料力学mechanics of materials冲击荷载impact load初应力，预应力initial stress纯剪切pure shear纯弯曲pure bending脆性材料brittle materialsD大柔度杆long columns单位荷载unit load单位力偶unit couple单位荷载法unit-load method 单向应力，单向受力uniaxial stress等强度梁beam of constant strength 低周疲劳low-cycle fatigue电桥平衡bridge balancing电阻应变计resistance strain gage电阻应变仪resistance strain indicator 叠加法superposition method叠加原理superposition principle动荷载dynamic load断面收缩率percentage reduction in area 多余约束redundant restraintE二向应力状态state of biaxial stressF分布力distributed force复杂应力状态state of triaxial stress复合材料composite materialG杆，杆件bar刚度stiffness刚架，构架frame刚结点rigid joint高周疲劳high-cycle fatigue各向同性材料isotropical material功的互等定理reciprocal-work theorem 工作应变计active strain gage工作应力working stress构件structural member惯性半径radius of gyration of an area 惯性积product of inertia惯性矩，截面二次轴距moment of inertia 广义胡克定律generalized Hook’s lawH横向变形lateral deformation胡克定律Hook’s law滑移线slip-linesJ基本系统primary system畸变能理论distortion energy theory畸变能密度distortional strain energy density极惯性矩，截面二次极矩polar moment of inertia极限应力ultimate stress极限荷载limit load挤压应力bearing stress剪力shear force剪力方程equation of shear force剪力图shear force diagram剪流shear flow剪切胡克定律Hook’s law for shear剪切shear交变应力，循环应力cyclic stress截面法method of sections截面几何性质geometrical properties of an area截面核心core of section静不定次，超静定次数degree of a statically indeterminate problem 静不定问题，超静定问题statically indeterminate problem静定问题statically determinate problem静荷载static load静矩，一次矩static moment颈缩necking开口薄壁杆bar of thin-walled open cross section 抗拉强度ultimate stress in tension抗扭截面系数section modulus in torsion抗扭强度ultimate stress in torsion抗弯截面系数section modulus in bendingL拉压刚度axial rigidity拉压杆，轴向承载杆axially loaded bar理想弹塑性假设elastic-perfectly plastic assumption力法force method力学性能mechanical properties连续梁continuous beam连续条件continuity condition梁beams临界应力critical stress临界荷载critical loadM迈因纳定律Miner’s law名义屈服强度offset yielding stress莫尔强度理论Mohr theory of failure敏感栅sensitive grid挠度deflection挠曲轴deflection curve挠曲轴方程equation of deflection curve挠曲轴近似微分方程approximately differential equation of thedeflection curve内力internal forces扭力矩twisting moment扭矩torsional moment扭矩图torque diagram扭转torsion扭转极限应力ultimate stress in torsion扭转角angel of twist扭转屈服强度yielding stress in torsion扭转刚度torsional rigidityO欧拉公式Euler’s formulaP疲劳极限，条件疲劳极限endurance limit疲劳破坏fatigue rupture疲劳寿命fatigue life偏心拉伸eccentric tension偏心压缩eccentric compression平均应力average stress平面弯曲plane bending平面应力状态state of plane stress平行移轴定理parallel axis theorem平面假设plane cross-section assumptionQ强度strength强度理论theory of strength强度条件strength condition切变模量shear modulus切应变shear strain切应力shear stress切应力互等定理theorem of conjugate shearing stress屈服yield屈服强度yield strength全桥接线法full bridgeR热应力thermal stressS三向应力状态state of triaxial stress三轴直角应变花three-element rectangular rosette三轴等角应变花three-element delta rosette失稳buckling伸长率elongation圣维南原理Saint-Venant’s principle实验应力分析experimental stress analysis塑性变形，残余变形plastic deformation塑性材料，延性材料ductile materials塑性铰plastic hingeT弹簧常量spring constant弹性变形elastic deformation弹性模量modulus of elasticity体积力body force体积改变能密度density of energy of volume change体应变volume strainW弯矩bending moment弯矩方程equation of bending moment弯矩图bending moment diagram弯曲bending弯曲刚度flexural rigidity弯曲正应力normal stress in bending弯曲切应力shear stress in bending弯曲中心shear center位移法displacement method位移互等定理reciprocal-displacement theorem 稳定条件stability condition稳定性stability稳定安全因数safety factor for stabilityX细长比，柔度slenderness ratio线性弹性体linear elastic body约束扭转constraint torsion相当长度，有效长度equivalent length相当应力equivalent stress小柔度杆short columns形心轴centroidal axis形状系数shape factor许用应力allowable stress许用应力法allowable stress method许用荷载allowable load许用荷载法allowable load methodY应变花strain rosette应变计strain gage应变能strain energy应变能密度strain energy density应力stress应力速率stress ratio应力比stress ratio应力幅stress amplitude应力状态state of stress应力集中stress concentration 应力集中因数stress concentration factor应力－寿命曲线，S-N 曲线stress-cycle curve 应力－应变图stress-strain diagram 应力圆，莫尔圆Mohr’s circle for stressesZ正应变normal strain正应力normal stress中面middle plane中柔度杆intermediate columns中性层neutral surface中性轴neutral axis轴shaft轴力axial force轴力图axial force diagram轴向变形axial deformation轴向拉伸axial tension轴向压缩axial compression主平面principal planes主应力principal stress主应力迹线principal stress trajectory主轴principal axis主惯性矩principal moment of inertia主形心惯性矩principal centroidal moments of inertia 主形心轴principal centroidal axis转角angel of rotation转轴公式transformation equation自由扭转free torsion组合变形combined deformation组合截面composite area最大切应力理论maximum shear stress theory最大拉应变理论maximum tensile strain theory最大拉应力理论maximum tensile stress theory最大应力maximum stress最小应力minimum stress。
