铁道信号hapter4

第0章-HUNTER和铁门旁楼梯顶部的士兵对话。

和正在保护排成队并等着离开地铁站的平民的士兵对话。

和那个让主角和他继父( Alexei) 通过进医院的门的守卫说话，不过要先等他坐下来再和他说。

和那个在诊疗的医生或者和他旁边躺着的伤病员对话（那人就是个医生吧）当HUNTER和Alexei 正在讨论局势时你会进入灵魂闪光，遗憾的是这是外星人的作用，不是NIKKIS的作用。

第1章-Exhibition Station在主角房间里的吉他触发一个道德点。

在街上有个三角形的发声器，大该位置是靠近一对正在玩耍的父子能触发一个道德点。

在地铁站内一条拥挤的大街里，会有一个坐在木质长凳上的男的对主角大声宣称他需要2发制式子弹帮他生病的儿子买药品。

2发子弹其实无所谓（提示：如果你能很容易的把条件完成的话)。

当和该NPC交易并出现金钱标记的时候点USE。

把在地铁站前的音乐家的演奏完整的听一遍，主角会增加一个道德点。

和ALEXEI说一次话后再说一次话能够增加一个道德点。

第2章-Riga Station在这站平台的走道上有一些乞丐，给他们中的任何一个一发子弹算是做好事，不用每个都给。

让小孩带路找到BOURBON，这些会使你得到一个成就：跟着乞丐做。

从而变得大方慷慨。

那个女郎并不是触发隐藏结局的条件，不过可以尝试娱乐下下。

Chapter 2 - Bridge在桥上的一节车厢里可以发现一个塞满玩具的木箱，如果找到他就能增加一个道德点。

通过潜行来绕过HAMZA在桥上的巡逻可以增加一个道德点。

Chapter 2 - Market StationNOVA5写入-在BURBON等待的地方和弹药交易间的一条拥挤的大道上会有一个乞丐和一个小孩说故事，和乞丐说话并给他一颗子弹以此算做另一件好事。

在交易市场的小店那如果你战在酒吧老板前会听到非人类的声音并慢下来。

BURBUN在附近等你。

Chapter 2 - Dead City在你离开BOURBON后的第一个建筑中，通过笼子和去2层的楼梯。

一、实训背景随着我国铁路事业的快速发展，铁道信号技术作为铁路运输的重要保障，其重要性日益凸显。

为了提高我自身对铁道信号技术的认识和实际操作能力，我参加了为期一周的铁道信号实训。

二、实训目的1. 了解铁道信号的基本原理和组成；2. 掌握铁道信号设备的安装、调试和维护方法；3. 培养团队合作精神和实践操作能力。

三、实训内容1. 铁道信号基本原理及组成（1）信号种类：电气信号、声光信号、视频信号等；（2）信号设备：信号机、轨道电路、道岔、联锁设备等；（3）信号系统：进站信号系统、出站信号系统、进路信号系统等。

2. 铁道信号设备安装、调试与维护（1）信号机安装：了解信号机的种类、结构、功能，掌握信号机的安装方法；（2）轨道电路安装：了解轨道电路的原理、组成，掌握轨道电路的安装方法；（3）道岔安装：了解道岔的种类、结构、功能，掌握道岔的安装方法；（4）联锁设备安装：了解联锁设备的原理、组成，掌握联锁设备的安装方法；（5）信号设备调试：根据信号设备的性能要求，进行信号设备的调试；（6）信号设备维护：了解信号设备的维护方法，掌握信号设备的维护流程。

3. 实践操作（1）信号机安装与调试：按照信号机安装步骤，完成信号机的安装与调试；（2）轨道电路安装与调试：按照轨道电路安装步骤，完成轨道电路的安装与调试；（3）道岔安装与调试：按照道岔安装步骤，完成道岔的安装与调试；（4）联锁设备安装与调试：按照联锁设备安装步骤，完成联锁设备的安装与调试。

四、实训过程1. 理论学习：在实训教师指导下，学习铁道信号的基本原理、组成、安装、调试和维护方法；2. 实践操作：按照实训内容，进行信号设备安装、调试与维护的实践操作；3. 交流讨论：在实训过程中，与同学和教师进行交流讨论，解决遇到的问题。

五、实训成果1. 掌握了铁道信号的基本原理和组成；2. 熟练掌握了信号设备安装、调试和维护方法；3. 培养了团队合作精神和实践操作能力。

六、实训体会1. 铁道信号技术是铁路运输的重要保障，掌握铁道信号技术对于保障铁路运输安全具有重要意义；2. 实训过程中，理论联系实际，提高了自身的实际操作能力；3. 团队合作精神在实训过程中得到了充分体现，有利于培养团队协作能力。

附录A 铁道信号常用术语1．按信号设备分类信号装置类术语矮型信号机dwarf signal 通过信号through signal半自动信号机semi-automatic signal 通过信号机passing signal报警信号alarming signal 通过信号机block signal臂板信号机semaphore signal 透镜式色灯信号机multi—lens colour light signal;multi-lenses signal差速制信号speed signal 推送信号start humping signal车上信号设备cab signal device 驼峰机车信号hump cab signaling车站信号station signal；signaling at stations 驼峰信号hump signal; humping signal出站信号starting signal 无线机车信号radio cab signaling出站信号机starting signal 下峰信号down hump trimming signal出站信号机复示器repeater of starting signal 线别表示灯track marker从属信号机dependent signal; subsidiary signal 线号表示器track number indicator错误关闭信号false stopping of a signal 线路开通表示灯opening route indication；routeclear light错误开放信号wrong clearing of a signal 线群出站信号机group starting signal单线臂板信号机single wire semaphore signal 响墩信号detonating signal单置信号点single signal location 信号标志signal indicator灯列式信号机position light signal 信号表示器signal repeater敌对信号conflicting signal 信号玻璃signal glass地面信号trackside signal；ground signal 信号测试台signal test board地面信号设备trackside signal facility 信号厂signal shop信号大修signal overhaul repair点式机车信号intermittent type cab signaling;intermittent type cab signaling电动臂板信号机electric semaphore signal 信号灯signal lamp; signal light调车信号shunting signal 信号灯泡signal light bulb发车进路信号机route signal for departure 信号点signal location发车信号departure signal 信号电缆signal cable发光信号accident waring flash signal 信号电路图circuit diagram发音信号accident warning audible signal 信号复示器signal repeater返还系数release factor 信号复原器signal reverser; signal slot防护信号protecting signal; protection signal 信号供电signal feeding防止重复信号机stick signal 信号故障signal fault复示信号repeating signal 信号关闭signal at stop复示信号机repeating signal 信号关闭表示stop signal indication感应式机车信号inductive cab signaling 信号机signal高速铁路High Speed Railway 信号机附属设备signal appendant高柱信号机high signal 信号机构signal mechanism固定信号; 固定信号机fixed signal 信号机后方in rear of a signal号讯sign 信号机前方in advance(approach）of a signal 火炬信号fusee signal 信号集中修signal centralized maintenance机车信号cab signaling 信号检修signal inspection信号开放signal at clear机车信号设备cab signaling equipment；cabsignaling eqipment信号开放表示cleared signal indication机械臂板信号机mechanically operated semaphoresignal加速推送信号humping fast signal 信号雷管detonator减速防护地段终端信号牌released speed signal;信号楼signal box；signal tower slow—speed release signal减速推送信号humping slow signal 信号配线signal wiring减速信号restriction signal 信号桥signal bridge减速信号牌slow speed signal 信号燃管fusee减速预告信号slow speed approach 信号色度signal colour fidelity较大限制信号more restrictive signal 信号施工signal construction较大允许信号more favorable signal 信号手(握）柄signal lever接车进路信号机route signal for receiving 信号透镜signal lens接车信号receiving signal 信号托架signal bracket信号维修signal maintenance接发车进路信号机route signal forreceiving-departure接近表示器approach indicator 信号握柄signal lever信号无效标signal out of order sign接近连续式机车信号approach continuous cabsignaling尽头信号机signal for stub-end track 信号显示signal visibility; signal aspect andindication进路信号机route signal 信号选别器signal slot进路预告表示器preliminary route indicator 信号整治signal renovation进行定位式信号机normal proceed signal 信号中修signal intermediate repair进行信号proceed signal 信号装置signal apparatus进站信号（机) home signal 行车信号running signal；train signal禁止移动标forbidden movement sign 行车信号机train signal绝对信号absolute signal 选路制信号route signaling绝对信号机absolute signal 咽喉信号机signal in throat section延续进路successive route；successive route 连续式机车信号continuous cab signal; continuoustype cab signaling列车接近通知train approach announcement 夜间信号night signal列车停车标train stop indicator 移动信号movable signal桥梁遮断信号bridge obstruction signal 移动信号牌temporary signal区间信号section signaling；wayside signaling 移频机车信号frequency shift cab signal去禁溜线信号shunting signal to prohibitive音响信号acoustic signal；whistle signal humping line容许信号(机）permissive signal 引导信号calling-on signal色灯信号colour light signal 引导信号机call—on signal; calling-on signal 色灯信号机colour light signal 预告信号approaching signal色灯信号机colour light signal; color—light signal 预告信号机distant signal允许预推信号permissive prehumping signal 闪光信号flashing light signal；flash signal; flashingsignal事故信号accident signal 遮断信号obstruction signal视觉信号vision signal；visual signal 遮断信号按钮obstruction signal button手动信号机manual signal 遮断信号机obstruction signal手信号hand signal; flag signal 遮断预告信号机approach obstruction signal 手信号代用器substitute apparatus for hand signal 中继信号标志repeating signal marker双线臂板信号机double wire semaphore signal 中继信号机repeating signal速差制信号speed signaling 昼间信号day signal隧道遮断信号tunnel obstruction signal 昼夜通用信号signal for day and night探照式色灯信号机colour searchlight signal 主体信号机principal signal特殊信号accident warning signal 注意信号caution signal铁路信号;铁道信号railway signaling 自动信号机automatic signal铁路信号装置railway signaling equipment 总出站信号机advance starting signal听觉信号audible signal 最大限制信号most restrictive signal停车定位式信号机normal stop signal 最大允许信号most favorable signal停车信号stop signal闭塞类相关术语半自动闭塞semi-automatic block; semi—automatic block system半自动闭塞机semi-automatic block machine闭塞blocking; block system闭塞分区block section闭塞机block instrument闭塞手柄blocking lever闭塞线路block line闭塞装置block instrument常用闭塞方式regular block system代用闭塞substitute block system单线闭塞single line block单线继电半自动闭塞single track all—relay semi-automatic block system单向自动闭塞single—directional running automatic block电话闭塞telephone block system电码自动闭塞automatic block with coded track circuit电气路牌闭塞electric tablet block system电气路签闭塞electric staff system电子闭塞electronic blocking二显示自动闭塞two—aspect automatic block非自动闭塞区段non-automatic block section分割闭塞分区division of block section合并闭塞分区incorporation of block section极频自动闭塞polar frequency coded automatic block；automatic block with polarfrequency impulse track计轴闭塞axle counter permissive block计轴自动闭塞automatic block with axle counter继电半自动闭塞all—relay semiautomatic block；all-relay semi-automatic blocksystem交流计数电码自动闭塞automatic block with ac counting code track circuit交流计数自动闭塞ac counting code automatic block解除闭塞block cleared连动闭塞controlled manual block脉冲自动闭塞pulse automatic block；automatic block with impulse rack circuit 区间闭塞section block；section blocked取消闭塞to cancel a block人工闭塞manual block三显示自动闭塞three—aspect automatic block双线继电半自动闭塞double track all—relay semi—automatic block system双向自动闭塞double-direction running automatic block四显示自动闭塞four-aspect automatic block无线闭塞wireless blocking移动闭塞movable block移频自动闭塞frequency shift modulated automatic block；automatic block withaudio frequency shift modulation预办闭塞pre-working a block准闭塞法block applied method自动闭塞automatic block; automatic block system自动闭塞区段automatic block section转辙类相关术语保险铁detector bar大功率转辙机heavy duty switch machine单动single导管装置signal pipe line导线调整器wire compensator道岔定位（反位) normal(reverse）position of switch道岔转辙机pint lever电磁转辙机electro magnetic switch machine电动转辙机electric point machine；electric switch machine电动转辙机控制器electric switch controller电空转辙机electro pneumatic point machine; electro pneumatic switch machine电空转辙机控制器electro pneumatic switch controller电液转辙机electro—hydraulic switch machine垫板sole plate动力转辙机power point machine拐肘crank轨距杆gauge tie集中握柄concentrated lever frame尖端杆front rod尖轨动程stroke; throw of switch(美)尖轨接触contact of switch尖轨密贴fixing of switch快速转辙机quick-acting switch machine密贴调整杆switch adjuster双动double脱轨器derail液压转辙机hydraulic switch machine转辙机switch machine转辙机安装装置switch machine installation转辙机部件switch machine part联锁类相关术语表示锁闭indication locking 联锁interlock; interlocking不限时人工解锁manual non-time release 联锁表interlocking table错误解锁false release 联锁机interlocking machine错误锁闭false locking 联锁区interlocking area大站电气集中联锁relay interlocking forlarge station联锁设备interlocking equipment导管装置pipe installation 联锁图表interlocking chart and table电机集中联锁electronic concentrationinterlocking联锁装置interlocking device电空集中联锁装置electro-pneumaticinterlocking device漏解锁missing release电气集中联锁装置electric interlockingdevice漏锁闭missing locking电气联锁机electric mechanicalinterlocking machine路牌锁闭器tablet lock电气锁闭electric locking 片面锁闭facing point lock电锁器electric lock 区段锁闭section locking电锁器联锁interlocking with electriclock；interlocking by electric locks人工解锁manual release反位锁闭reverse locking 人工解锁表示manual release indication非集中联锁non—centralized interlocking 色灯电锁器联锁装置colour light interlocking system with electriclock非联锁区non-interlocking area 失去联锁loss of interlocking 机器集中联锁mechanical interlocking 锁闭lock；locking机械集中联锁装置mechanicalinterlocking device锁闭杆locking rod机械联锁机mechanical interlocking 锁闭力locking forcemachine机械锁闭mechanical locking 锁闭设备locking device集中联锁centralized interlocking 锁闭系统locking system继电器式电气集中联锁装置electricrelay interlocking device条件锁闭conditional locking继电器式集中联锁装置relay interlocking device 驼峰电气集中联锁electric interlocking for hump yard接近锁闭approach locking 微机联锁microcomputer interlocking解锁release 限时人工解锁manual time release解锁按钮盘manual release button panel 小站电气集中联锁relay interlocking forsmall station解锁进路released route 信号表示signal indication解锁力releasing force 延时锁闭time locking进路分段解锁sectional release of alocked route钥匙锁闭器key lock进路分段锁闭sectional route locking 照查手柄check lever进路解锁route release 照查锁闭check locking进路人工解锁manual route release 转辙锁闭器interlocking by point detector进路锁闭route locking 转辙锁闭器switch-and-lock mechanism进路锁闭表示route locking indication 自动限时解锁automatic time release进路一次解锁route release at once继电器类相关术语安全型继电器safety relay 交流二元二位继电器AC two element two position relay 插入式继电器plug—in relay; plug-in typerelay交流继电器AC relay传输继电器transmitting relay 交直流继电器AC-DC relay单独操纵继电式电气集individual lever type all-relay interlocking 进路继电式电气集中联route type all—relay interlocking弹力继电器spring-type relay 快动继电器quick—acting relay电磁继电器electromagnetic relay 快吸继电器quick pick—up relay电码继电器code relay 脉冲继电器impulse relay轨道继电器track relay 偏极继电器polar biased relay缓动继电器slow—acting relay 热力继电器thermal relay缓放继电器slow release relay 时间继电器；延时继电器time relay; time delay relay 缓吸继电器slow pick-up relay 微机-继电式电气集microcomputer—relay interlocking 继电并联传递网路successively workedparallel relay network无极继电器neutral relay继电并联网路parallel relay network 信号继电器indicating relay继电串联网路series relay network 信号用继电器signal relay继电器防震架shock absorber base for relays 有极继电器polarized relay继电器接点relay contact 整流继电器rectifier relay继电器灵敏度relay sensitivity 正常动作继电器normal acting relay继电器室relay house；relay room 直流继电器DC relay继电器释放relay released 重力继电器gravitation type relay继电器吸起relay energized 组合继电器combination relay继电器线圈relay coil 座式继电器desk type relay；shelf—type relay 继电器箱relay case道口类相关术语道口安全crossing safety道口防护crossing protection道口接近区段approach section of a highway level crossing道口控制器electronic train detector道口控制器crossing controller道口栏木barrier道口栏木crossing barrier; cross barrier at grade crossing道口栏木锁闭器barrier lock道口闪光信号highway level crossing flashing signal道口事故level crossing accidents道口室外音响器highway level crossing out door audible device道口通知设备crossing announcing signal; highway level crossing announcing device道口信号crossing signal道口信号机level crossing signal道口信号机level crossing signal道口信号控制盘level crossing signal control panel道口障碍报警装置obstruction warning device for level crossing道口障碍物检测器crossing obstructing detector道口遮断信号level crossing obstruction signal道口自动信号crossing automatic signal; automatic level crossing signal列车接近道口表示器train approach indicator for level crossing列车进行方向表示器train direction indicator特殊信号发光机obstruction warning indicator自动栏木automatic barrier道岔类相关术语岔中绝缘insulated joint within a turnout 道岔双动机point lever fro cross over带柄道岔表示器switch indicator with lever 道岔顺序启动sequential starting of switches带柄道岔表示器switch lever with indicator 道岔顺序转换sequential transiting of switches 带动道岔switch with follow up movement 道岔锁闭switch locking；switch point locking 弹簧道岔spring point; spring switch(美) 道岔锁闭表示switch locked indication道岔point；switch(美) 道岔握柄switch lever道岔表示switch indication 道岔中途转换switch thrown under moving cars 道岔表示器point indicator; switch indicator（美) 道岔转换switch setting；switch in transition 道岔错误表示false indication of a switch 防护道岔protective turnout道岔电磁锁闭器magnetic facing point lock 非集中道岔locally operated switch道岔电路控制器switch circuit controller 非联锁道岔non-interlocked switch道岔定位表示switch normal indication 分路道岔branching turnout道岔反位表示switch reverse indication 高速道岔High speed switch道岔封锁switch closed up 集中道岔centrally operated switch道岔减摩器roller point 挤岔splitting of point tongue; forcing open of thepoint道岔密贴switch point closure , Switchclose—gap挤岔报警alarm for a trailed switch道岔密贴调整switch adjustment 联锁道岔interlocked switch道岔启动switch starting 爬越道岔run-over type point道岔区段section with a switch or switches 脱轨道岔derailing point; switch point derail(美）道岔人工解锁manual release of a locked switch 中岔Middle switch道岔失去表示loss of indication of a switch电路类相关术语安全电路vital circuit 焊接式钢轨接续线welded bond半自动闭塞联系电路liaison circuit withsemi—automatic blocks横向接续线cross bond报警电路warning circuit 后接点back contact闭路式轨道电路close type track circuit 后圈back coil表示电路indication circuit 后退信号backing signal并联式轨道电路multiply connected trackcircuit基本联锁电路fundamental interlocking circuit不对称脉冲轨道电路asymmetrical impulse track circuit 极频轨道电路polar frequency coded track circuit；polar-frequency pulse track circuit测试电路testing circuit 极性检查电路polarity checking circuit长轨道电路long track circuit 极性交叉polar reversal; polar transposition场间联系电路liaison circuit between yards 计轴器axle counter串联式轨道电路serially connected track circuit 交流轨道电路ac track circuit; ac track circuit单轨条式轨道电路single rail track circuit 交流计数电码轨道电路ac counting coded trackcircuit道岔控制电路switch control circuit 接口电路interface circuit点灯电路lighting circuit 接续线bond电缆敷设cable laying 解锁电路release circuit电缆敷设机cable laying machine 进路表示器电路route indicator circuit电缆接续cable connecting 进路电路route selecting circuit电路分析circuit analysis 开环轨道电路open track circuit电路设计circuit design 开路式轨道电路open type track circuit电码轨道电路coded track circuit 励磁电路energizing circuit调频轨道电路frequency modulated trackcircuit连续式轨道电路continuous track circuit调整状态normal state 联系电路liaison circuit叠加轨道电路overlap track circuit 脉冲轨道电路pulse track circuit断轨防护broken rail protection 灭火花电路spark extinguishing circuit发车表示器电路departure indicator circuit 旁通接续线by—pass bond阀式轨道电路value-type track circuit；valvetype track circuit区间联系电路liaison circuit with block signalling 方向电路directional circuit 塞钉式钢轨接续线plug bond非安全电路non—vital circuit 双轨条轨道电路double—rail track circuit分倍频轨道电路divided-and-doubled 死区段dead sectionfrequency track circuit分路灵敏度shunting sensitivity 送受分开电路sending and receiving separated circuit 分路效应shunting effect 锁闭电路locking circuit钢轨导接线；钢轨接续线rail bond 跳线jumper bond钢轨绝缘rail insulation 通过按钮电路through button circuit钢轨绝缘不良bad rail insulation 无绝缘轨道电路jointless track circuit钢轨引接线track lead 无绝缘节轨道电路non—insulated track circuit钢轨阻抗rail impedance 下坡道防护电路protection circuit for approachingheavy down grad轨道变阻器track rheostat 限流设备track current limiting device轨道传感器track sensor 相敏轨道电路phase detecting track circuit轨道电抗器track reactor 信号电路signal circuit轨道电路track circuit 信号接续线signal bond轨道电路测试track circuit testing 信号控制电路signal control circuit轨道电路电码化coding of continuous track circuit 移频轨道电路frequency shift track circuit；frequency-shift modulated track circuit轨道电路调整状态regulated state of a trackcircuit音频轨道电路audio frequency track circuit轨道电路分割cut—section of a track circuit 有绝缘节轨道电路insulated track circuit轨道电路分路状态shunted state of a trackcircuit站间联系电路liaison circuit between stations轨道电路区段track circuit district 直流轨道电路DC track circuit轨道电路蓄电现象track storage effect 重叠轨道电路overlay track circuit轨道电阻器track resistor 自闭电路self—stick circuit轨道接触器track treadle 自动闭塞联系电路liaison circuit with automaticblocks轨道绝缘；绝缘节rail insulation；insulation section 自动通过按钮电路automatically through button circuit轨道生电现象track galvanic effect 相敏轨道电路phase detecting track circuit 轨道占用track occupied 红光带Red—light strap轨间绝缘crack gauge insulation驼峰类相关术语半自动化驼峰系统semi-automatic hump yard system 驼峰机车遥控remote control of hump engines非机械化驼峰设备unmechanical hump yard equipment 驼峰机械修理室hump mechanics repair room机械化驼峰设备mechanized hump yardequipment驼峰溜放控制系统humping control system驼峰电气集中electric interlocking for hump yard 驼峰信号机hump signal驼峰复示信号机humping signal repeater 自动化驼峰系统automatic hump yardsystem控制类相关术语测速装置speedometer 列车速度自动监督automatic train speedsupervision超速防护train over-speed protection 列车位置表示train location indication；trainposition indication超速防护系统Automatic Train Protectionsystem列车运行监测train running monitoring车次表示train number display；train number indication 列车运行控制仿真系统Train operation control simulation system车次自动表示;车次自动显示automatic trainnumber display列车运行控制系统train operation control system车辆抄号设备wagon number checking equipment 列车自动保护系统Automatic Train Protection （ATP)车辆识别装置vehicle identifier 列车自动调速automatic train speed regulation车门自动控制automatic train door control 列车自动防护automatic train protection车站控制station master control 列车自动防护系统automatic train protectionsystem车站列车控制中心Station Train Control Center 列车自动监控系统Automatic Train Supervision(ATS）点控制intermittent control 列车自动减速automatic train deceleration点式查询应答器intermittent inquiry balise 列车自动控制Automatic Train Control (ATC)点式自动停车intermittent type automatic trainstop列车自动控制系统automatic train control system调度集中controlled traffic control device（CTC)列车自动控制装置automatic train control device 调度集中分机field equipment of CTC 列车自动限速automatic train speed restriction调度集中装置centralized traffic controlinstallation列车自动运行automatic train operation调度集中总机control office equipment of CTC 列车自动运行系统Automatic Train Operation （ATO）调度监督dispatchers supervision；dispatcherssupervision system列调作业Train shunting work调度监督设备dispatchers supervisionequipment列控系统train control system调度控制dispatchers control 溜放进路自动控制automatic switching control ofhumping yard by rou分散自律Decentralized and Autonomous 溜放速度自动控制automatic rolling down speedcontrol分散自律调度集中系统Decentralized andautonomous CTC system目标打靶控制target shooting跟踪系统tracing system 区段遥控remote control for a section枢纽遥控remote control of a junction terminal计算机辅助调度computer—aided dispatching计算机联锁Computer interlocking 双接近区double—approach-section监控装置supervisory control device 双重控制dual control监视系统monitor system; supervision system 铁路应急通信系统Railway emergencycommunication监视装置monitor device 推峰速度自动控制automatic control for humpingspeed进路控制route control 微机监测microcomputer monitor进路控制装置routing control equipment 卫星定位satellite localization局部控制local control 卫星监测satellite monitoring局部控制盘local control panel 无绝缘移频自动闭塞系统automatic block systemwith jointless shift frequency控制点controlling point 无线维修终端Mobile maintenance terminal(MMT）控制对象controlled object 行车指挥自动化running command automation;automation of traffic control控制盘control panel 遥控remote control控制台Console 遥控区段remotely controlled section控制台单元control desk element 遥控装置remote control device（RC)控制台室control room 遥信区段remotely surveillance section控制中心control center 遥信装置remote-signal equipment控制周期control cycle 远程监督分区relayed surveillance subsection连续控制continuous control 远程网路relayed surveillance network列车报警系统train alarm system 中心控制centralized control列车超速防护Automatic Train Protection 自动停车装置automatic train stop device（ATS）列车调度指挥系统Train Dispatching Command System （TDCS) 自动限速装置automatic train control device （ATC)列车监控与追踪Train Monitoring andTracking自律机Autonomous machine调车类相关术语调车表示器shunting indicator 非进路调车to hold route for shunting调车表示器电路shunting indicator circuit 非进路调车电路circuit to hold a route forshunting调车区电气集中联锁interlocking for shunting area 减速器car retarder调车线始端减速器tangent retarder 溜放调车表示器kick off shunting indicator 调车信号机shunting signal 双面调车信号机signal for shunting forwardand backward电源类相关术语备用电源stand—by power supply;stand—by power source混合供电制ac—battery power supply system变压器箱transformer box 集中电源centrally connected power source表示灯电源power source for indication lamp 集中供电centrally connected power supply不间断电源uninterrupted supply 继电器控制电源power source for relay control 充电battery charging 交流电源屏ac power supply panel道岔表示电源power source for switchindication交流供电制AC power supply system道岔动作电源power source for switchoperation局部电源locally supplied power source道岔控制电源power source for switch control 局部控制电路local control circuit电池battery; cell 摩擦电流frictional working current电压过低voltage below level 闪光电源flashing power source电压自动调整器automatic voltage regulator 太阳能电池solar cell电源端子terminals for power supplies 太阳能电源solar power supply电源屏power supply panel 条件电源conditional power source电源识别标志power source marker 条件电源屏conditional power supply panel电源室power supply room ；power supply停电power failureroom电源转换屏power switching over panel 线路变压器line transformer电源转接屏power switch board 信号灯变压器signal lamp transformer扼流变压器impedance transformer 信号电源signal power supply方向电源directional traffic power source 信号高压配电线路high voltage distribution linefor signalling防护变压器protective transformer 信号机点灯电源signal lighting power source浮充供电floating charge power supply 蓄电池供电storage battery power supply干线供电main linely connected power supply 蓄电池室battery room工作电流working current 整流器一次电池供电primary cell power supply 供电rectifier power supply 直流电源屏DC power supply panel轨道变压器箱track transformer box 直流供电制DC power supply system轨道受电变压器track relay transformer 主电源main power source轨道送电变压器track transformer feed end 自动调压automatic voltage regulation综合防雷Synthetic lightning protection轨道信号灯变压器track and signal lamptransformer混合电源ac—battery power source其它安全接点safety contact 近程网路directly surveillance network按钮push-in button 进路表route sheet按钮表示button indication 进路表示器route indicator保护区段overlap protection block section 进路操纵作业semi—automatic operation by route 被控点controlled point 进路储存器route storaging devices臂板接触器contacts operated by semaphore 进路存储器route storage警惕按钮acknowledgment button臂板转极器pole changer operated bysemaphore编组站marshalling Yard 警惕手柄acknowledgment lever编组站测长yard distance—to-coupling静态长度car spacemeasurement编组站测速yard speed measurement 绝缘不良bad insulation编组站测重yard weight sensing 开通put into operation编组站测阻yard rollability measurement 可调拐肘adjustable crank空气压缩机室air compressor room编组站自动化automation of marshallingstation标志indicator; marker 拉钮pull-out button标准分路灵敏度standard shunting sensitivity 雷达测速器radar speedometer表示indication 雷电干扰lightning interference表示灯indication lamp 离去表示departure indication表示对象indicated object 离去区段departure section表示杆indication rod 连接杆pipe link表示连接杆connecting rod for indication 联锁图表interlocking table表示盘indicating panel 两点检查released by checking two sections表示器indicator 列车时刻表train timetable表示周期indication cycle 邻线干扰interference from neighboring line并置信号点double signal location 零层端子terminals of layer 0 of a relay rack材质不良bad material 溜放速度free rolling speed操纵台operating console 路牌tablet测长distance—to—coupling measurement 路牌携带器tablet pouch测试test 路牌自动授收机automatic tablet exchanger测试环线test loop 路签train staff ; staff测速speed measurement 路签携带器staff pouch测重weight sensing 路签自动授收机automatic staff exchanger测阻rollability measurement 乱显示false indication插接不良plug-in trouble 轮修alternative maintenance车挡表示器car stop marker 密贴调整杆adjustable switch operating rod车档表示器buffer stop indicator 摩擦联结器frictional clutch车辆存在监测器presence monitor 目的制动objective breaking；target braking 车辆缓行器wagon retarder；wagon retarder 内燃牵引干扰diesel traction interference车辆加减速器car accelerator/retarder 排列进路route setting车辆加速器car accelerator 票据传送设备classification list conveyer system 车辆减速器car retarder 破封break a seal车辆停车标car stop indicator 牵引小车pushing trolley车轮传感器wheel detector 牵纵拐肘escapement crank储风罐air reservoir 前接点front contact储酸室acid store room 前圈front coil传动系统driving system 强电干扰high voltage interference磁路系统magnetic circuit 桥梁通知设备bridge announciating device错溜misroute 切断音响按钮button for cut-off an audible signal 错误办理wrong handling 侵入限界绝缘insulated joint located within theclearance limit错误表示wrong indication 区段占用表示section occupancy indication单独操纵作业manual operation 区间section单断single break 区间封锁section closed up单频感应器single frequency inductor 区间空闲section cleared导管调整器pipe compensator 区间占用block occupancy；section occupied 导线导轮wire carrier 区间占用位置检测location detecting of occupiedsection导线调整器wire compensator 取消进路to cancel a route导线反正扣wire-adjusting screw 人工分路manual shunt导线立轮vertical wheel 人为故障human failure导线平轮horizontal wheel 熔断器断丝fuse burn-out导线平轮组horizontal wheel assembly 熔断器断丝报警fuse break alarm导线装置wire installation 冗余结构redundant structure导向安全failure to the safe side 三点检查released by checking three sections 道渣电阻ballast resistance 设备停用equipment out—of use灯光转移to transfer of lighting indication 施工妨碍construction interference灯丝断丝filament burn-out 识别标志marker light灯丝断丝报alarm for burnout of filaments 事故照明emergency lighting灯丝转换filament transfer 释放时间drop away time地面感应器wayside inductor 释放值release value地面设备wayside equipment 手柄handle地中电缆盒underground cable terminal box 手动调压manual voltage regulation第二接近区段second approach section 受电端receiving end第二离去区段second departure section 枢纽遥控remote control of a junction terminal 第一接近区段first approach section 双断double break第一离去区段first departure section 双频感应器double frequency inductor水分离器water separator电动传送设备electric motor operatedconveyer电空传送设备electro—pneumatic conveyer 水鹤表示器water crane indicator电气路牌机electric tablet instrument 顺向重叠进路route with overlapped section inthe same direction电气路签机electric staff instrument 瞬时分路instantaneous shunt定点停车stopping a train at a target point 瞬时分路不良instantaneous loss of shunting 定期维修periodical maintenance 四点检查released by checking four sections 定位接点normal contact 送电端feed end动程stroke 隧道通知设备tunnel announciating device动接点contact heel 跳线jumper动态长度distance—to-go 铁路局Railroad Administration动作杆throw rod 铁路运营railway operation动作连接杆operating rod for driving a switch 铁鞋skate；cast brake shoe对向重叠进路route with overlapped section同意按钮盘agreement button panelin the opposite dire额定值rated value 推送小车辆propelling trolley二次参数secondary parameter 脱轨表示器derail indicator发车表示器departure indicator 脱线修off line maintenance发车线路表示器departure track indicator 驼峰溜放调速humping governing反位接点reverse contact 晚点表示delaying time indication反装left—handed machine 维修maintenance方向手柄traffic lever 维修不良not well maintained方向转接器directional switch 无碴轨道non—ballast track防护区段protected section 无岔区段section without a switch防止重复prevention for repetitive clear of a误用故障misuse faultsignal妨害故障hindrance fault 吸起时间pick—up time非自复式按钮stick button 吸起值pick-up value分割区段cut section 显示距离range of a signal分路shunt 线路点field location分线盘distributing terminal board 线路区段track section分线盘端子terminals on distributing board 线路占用表示track occupancy indication分向电缆盒cable branching terminal box 线路遮断表示器track obstruction indicator风管路调压设备air pipeline pressure线束减速器group retardergovernor风压调整器manometer regulator 线头脱落wire lead drop out封锁close up 限界检查器clearance treadle峰下减速器master retarder 限速接近方式closing-in杆上电缆盒cable terminal box on a post 行车记录设备train movement recording equipment 感应器inductor 选路route selection工厂化施工industrial construction 循环检查制cyclic scanning system工作值working value 一次参数primary parameter共用箱cab signal box 一送多受single feeding and multiple receivingtrack circuit股道空闲track clear 应答器transponder股道占用track occupied 油压动力室hydraulic pressure engine room故障-安全fail—safe 迂回进路detour route故障办理emergency treatment after failure 预防维修preventive maintenance故障复原restoration after a failure 预告标warning signs for approaching a station故障积累failure accumulation 预排进路presetting of a route故障升级progression of failure 钥匙路签staff with a key故障修corrective maintenance 运行图描绘仪train diagram plotter光带light strip 在线修on line maintenance光带式表示striped indication light 占线表示occupancy indication光点式表示spotted indication light 站场型网路geographical circuitry缓放时间slow release time 站界标station limit sign缓吸时间slow pick—up time 正装right—handed machine汇流条bus—bar 直角拐肘right angle crank机车车辆rolling stock; car；vehicle 直线电机LinearMotor机车感应器locomotive inductor 制动试验表示器brake test sign device机车接近通知approaching announcing in cab 制动位retarder location机车设备locomotive equipment 中继站repeater station机车信号测试区段cab signaling testing中间电缆盒intermediate cable terminal box section基本进路basic route 中途返回midway return operation挤切dissectible 终端电缆盒cable terminal box挤切销dissectible pin 重叠区段overlap section挤脱trailable 重复检查repeated checking计划修planned maintenance 主灯丝断丝报警alarm for burnout of a mainfilament加封sealing 转换时间transfer time。

第一章铁路信号概述铁路信号的作用是提高运输效率和保证行车安全，铁路信号可以简称为信号，有广义和狭义两种含义。

广义的铁路信号是铁路运输系统中保证行车安全，提高区间和车站通过能力及编解能力的手动控制、自动控制及远程控制技术的总称。

它包括车站信号、区间信号、道口信号、驼峰信号、机车信号等。

狭义的铁路信号是在行车和调车工作中，对行车有关人员指示运行条件而规定的物理特征和符号。

第一节信号（指狭义的信号）信号装置一般分为信号机和信号表示器两类。

信号机按类型分为色灯信号机（铁路技术规程，以下简称<技规>212－257页）和臂板信号机（技规257－269页）。

色灯信号机是用灯光颜色、数目及亮点状态来表述信号含义的信号机，根据技规要求，凡有可靠交流电源的车站，应装设色灯信号机。

色灯信号机根据光系统的不同，又分为几种，我们重点介绍透镜式色灯信号机。

透镜式色灯信号机是以凸透镜组为集光器的色灯信号机。

由光源、灯座、透镜组、遮檐、背板和灯箱等组成。

有高柱和矮型两种，两种当中又分为两显和三显两种，这两种当中根据灯光颜色的不同又分为多种。

根据透镜组及灯箱等制作材质的不同，又可分为铸铁的、铝合金的和复合材料的几种，又根据结构方式的不同，分为整体式和组合式的。

近几年来，根据光源的型式又可分为白炽灯式的和LED 式的。

LED式根据所用LED功率不同，又可分矩阵式（又称盘式）和大功率点式。

大功率点式根据LED的发光颜色的不同，又可分为带色的大功率点式和白色大功率点式，在这本册子中重点介绍我们公司开发的、具有知识产权的透镜式白色大功率点式双路色灯信号机。

一、铁路信号的颜色。

技规规定信号和信号表示器有以下七种颜色：1、红色―――禁止信号，表示要求停车，书中表示符号为：●2、黄色―――减速信号，表示要求注意或降低运行速度。

书中表示符号为；3、绿色―――按规定速度运行信号，表示允许列车按规定速度以上三种为信号基本颜色，另外还有：4、月白色―――使用在调车信号机时表示允许调车；使用在进站信号机时作为引导信号。

附录A 铁道信号常用术语1．按信号设备分类信号装置类术语矮型信号机dwarf signal 通过信号through signal半自动信号机semi—automatic signal 通过信号机passing signal报警信号alarming signal 通过信号机block signal臂板信号机semaphore signal 透镜式色灯信号机multi—lens colour light signal；multi—lenses signal差速制信号speed signal 推送信号start humping signal车上信号设备cab signal device 驼峰机车信号hump cab signaling车站信号station signal; signaling at stations 驼峰信号hump signal; humping signal出站信号starting signal 无线机车信号radio cab signaling出站信号机starting signal 下峰信号down hump trimming signal出站信号机复示器repeater of starting signal 线别表示灯track marker从属信号机dependent signal; subsidiary signal 线号表示器track number indicator错误关闭信号false stopping of a signal 线路开通表示灯opening route indication；routeclear light错误开放信号wrong clearing of a signal 线群出站信号机group starting signal单线臂板信号机single wire semaphore signal 响墩信号detonating signal单置信号点single signal location 信号标志signal indicator灯列式信号机position light signal 信号表示器signal repeater敌对信号conflicting signal 信号玻璃signal glass地面信号trackside signal；ground signal 信号测试台signal test board地面信号设备trackside signal facility 信号厂signal shop信号大修signal overhaul repair点式机车信号intermittent type cab signaling；intermittent type cab signaling电动臂板信号机electric semaphore signal 信号灯signal lamp；signal light调车信号shunting signal 信号灯泡signal light bulb发车进路信号机route signal for departure 信号点signal location发车信号departure signal 信号电缆signal cable发光信号accident waring flash signal 信号电路图circuit diagram发音信号accident warning audible signal 信号复示器signal repeater返还系数release factor 信号复原器signal reverser；signal slot防护信号protecting signal；protection signal 信号供电signal feeding防止重复信号机stick signal 信号故障signal fault复示信号repeating signal 信号关闭signal at stop复示信号机repeating signal 信号关闭表示stop signal indication感应式机车信号inductive cab signaling 信号机signal高速铁路High Speed Railway 信号机附属设备signal appendant高柱信号机high signal 信号机构signal mechanism固定信号；固定信号机fixed signal 信号机后方in rear of a signal号讯sign 信号机前方in advance（approach）of a signal 火炬信号fusee signal 信号集中修signal centralized maintenance机车信号cab signaling 信号检修signal inspection信号开放signal at clear机车信号设备cab signaling equipment; cabsignaling eqipment信号开放表示cleared signal indication机械臂板信号机mechanically operated semaphoresignal加速推送信号humping fast signal 信号雷管detonator减速防护地段终端信号牌released speed signal；信号楼signal box；signal towerslow-speed release signal减速推送信号humping slow signal 信号配线signal wiring减速信号restriction signal 信号桥signal bridge减速信号牌slow speed signal 信号燃管fusee减速预告信号slow speed approach 信号色度signal colour fidelity较大限制信号more restrictive signal 信号施工signal construction较大允许信号more favorable signal 信号手（握）柄signal lever接车进路信号机route signal for receiving 信号透镜signal lens接车信号receiving signal 信号托架signal bracket信号维修signal maintenance接发车进路信号机route signal forreceiving—departure接近表示器approach indicator 信号握柄signal lever信号无效标signal out of order sign接近连续式机车信号approach continuous cabsignaling尽头信号机signal for stub—end track 信号显示signal visibility; signal aspect andindication进路信号机route signal 信号选别器signal slot进路预告表示器preliminary route indicator 信号整治signal renovation进行定位式信号机normal proceed signal 信号中修signal intermediate repair进行信号proceed signal 信号装置signal apparatus进站信号(机）home signal 行车信号running signal; train signal禁止移动标forbidden movement sign 行车信号机train signal绝对信号absolute signal 选路制信号route signaling绝对信号机absolute signal 咽喉信号机signal in throat section延续进路successive route; successive route连续式机车信号continuous cab signal; continuoustype cab signaling列车接近通知train approach announcement 夜间信号night signal列车停车标train stop indicator 移动信号movable signal桥梁遮断信号bridge obstruction signal 移动信号牌temporary signal区间信号section signaling; wayside signaling 移频机车信号frequency shift cab signal去禁溜线信号shunting signal to prohibitive音响信号acoustic signal；whistle signal humping line容许信号（机) permissive signal 引导信号calling—on signal色灯信号colour light signal 引导信号机call-on signal; calling-on signal 色灯信号机colour light signal 预告信号approaching signal色灯信号机colour light signal；color-light signal 预告信号机distant signal允许预推信号permissive prehumping signal 闪光信号flashing light signal；flash signal；flashing signal事故信号accident signal 遮断信号obstruction signal视觉信号vision signal; visual signal 遮断信号按钮obstruction signal button手动信号机manual signal 遮断信号机obstruction signal手信号hand signal; flag signal 遮断预告信号机approach obstruction signal 手信号代用器substitute apparatus for hand signal 中继信号标志repeating signal marker双线臂板信号机double wire semaphore signal 中继信号机repeating signal速差制信号speed signaling 昼间信号day signal隧道遮断信号tunnel obstruction signal 昼夜通用信号signal for day and night探照式色灯信号机colour searchlight signal 主体信号机principal signal特殊信号accident warning signal 注意信号caution signal铁路信号;铁道信号railway signaling 自动信号机automatic signal铁路信号装置railway signaling equipment 总出站信号机advance starting signal听觉信号audible signal 最大限制信号most restrictive signal停车定位式信号机normal stop signal 最大允许信号most favorable signal停车信号stop signal闭塞类相关术语半自动闭塞semi—automatic block；semi-automatic block system半自动闭塞机semi-automatic block machine闭塞blocking; block system闭塞分区block section闭塞机block instrument闭塞手柄blocking lever闭塞线路block line闭塞装置block instrument常用闭塞方式regular block system代用闭塞substitute block system单线闭塞single line block单线继电半自动闭塞single track all-relay semi—automatic block system单向自动闭塞single—directional running automatic block电话闭塞telephone block system电码自动闭塞automatic block with coded track circuit电气路牌闭塞electric tablet block system电气路签闭塞electric staff system电子闭塞electronic blocking二显示自动闭塞two—aspect automatic block非自动闭塞区段non-automatic block section分割闭塞分区division of block section合并闭塞分区incorporation of block section极频自动闭塞polar frequency coded automatic block; automatic block with polarfrequency impulse track计轴闭塞axle counter permissive block计轴自动闭塞automatic block with axle counter继电半自动闭塞all-relay semiautomatic block; all-relay semi—automatic block system 交流计数电码自动闭塞automatic block with ac counting code track circuit交流计数自动闭塞ac counting code automatic block解除闭塞block cleared连动闭塞controlled manual block脉冲自动闭塞pulse automatic block；automatic block with impulse rack circuit区间闭塞section block; section blocked取消闭塞to cancel a block人工闭塞manual block三显示自动闭塞three-aspect automatic block双线继电半自动闭塞double track all—relay semi—automatic block system双向自动闭塞double—direction running automatic block四显示自动闭塞four—aspect automatic block无线闭塞wireless blocking移动闭塞movable block移频自动闭塞frequency shift modulated automatic block；automatic block withaudio frequency shift modulation预办闭塞pre—working a block准闭塞法block applied method自动闭塞automatic block；automatic block system自动闭塞区段automatic block section转辙类相关术语保险铁detector bar大功率转辙机heavy duty switch machine单动single导管装置signal pipe line导线调整器wire compensator道岔定位(反位) normal(reverse）position of switch道岔转辙机pint lever电磁转辙机electro magnetic switch machine电动转辙机electric point machine; electric switch machine电动转辙机控制器electric switch controller电空转辙机electro pneumatic point machine；electro pneumatic switch machine电空转辙机控制器electro pneumatic switch controller电液转辙机electro-hydraulic switch machine垫板sole plate动力转辙机power point machine拐肘crank轨距杆gauge tie集中握柄concentrated lever frame尖端杆front rod尖轨动程stroke; throw of switch(美)尖轨接触contact of switch尖轨密贴fixing of switch快速转辙机quick-acting switch machine密贴调整杆switch adjuster双动double脱轨器derail液压转辙机hydraulic switch machine转辙机switch machine转辙机安装装置switch machine installation转辙机部件switch machine part联锁类相关术语表示锁闭indication locking 联锁interlock; interlocking不限时人工解锁manual non—time release 联锁表interlocking table错误解锁false release 联锁机interlocking machine错误锁闭false locking 联锁区interlocking area大站电气集中联锁relay interlocking for联锁设备interlocking equipmentlarge station导管装置pipe installation 联锁图表interlocking chart and table联锁装置interlocking device电机集中联锁electronic concentrationinterlocking电空集中联锁装置electro—pneumatic漏解锁missing releaseinterlocking device漏锁闭missing locking电气集中联锁装置electric interlockingdevice电气联锁机electric mechanical路牌锁闭器tablet lockinterlocking machine电气锁闭electric locking 片面锁闭facing point lock电锁器electric lock 区段锁闭section locking电锁器联锁interlocking with electric人工解锁manual releaselock；interlocking by electric locks反位锁闭reverse locking 人工解锁表示manual release indication非集中联锁non-centralized interlocking 色灯电锁器联锁装置colour lightinterlocking system with electriclock非联锁区non-interlocking area 失去联锁loss of interlocking机器集中联锁mechanical interlocking 锁闭lock;locking锁闭杆locking rod机械集中联锁装置mechanicalinterlocking device机械联锁机mechanical interlocking 锁闭力locking forcemachine机械锁闭mechanical locking 锁闭设备locking device集中联锁centralized interlocking 锁闭系统locking system继电器式电气集中联锁装置electricrelay interlocking device条件锁闭conditional locking继电器式集中联锁装置relay interlocking device 驼峰电气集中联锁electric interlocking for hump yard接近锁闭approach locking 微机联锁microcomputer interlocking解锁release 限时人工解锁manual time release解锁按钮盘manual release button panel 小站电气集中联锁relay interlocking forsmall station解锁进路released route 信号表示signal indication解锁力releasing force 延时锁闭time locking进路分段解锁sectional release of alocked route钥匙锁闭器key lock进路分段锁闭sectional route locking 照查手柄check lever进路解锁route release 照查锁闭check locking进路人工解锁manual route release 转辙锁闭器interlocking by point detector进路锁闭route locking 转辙锁闭器switch-and-lock mechanism进路锁闭表示route locking indication 自动限时解锁automatic time release进路一次解锁route release at once继电器类相关术语安全型继电器safety relay 交流二元二位继电器AC two element two position relay 插入式继电器plug-in relay; plug-in type relay 交流继电器AC relay传输继电器transmitting relay 交直流继电器AC—DC relay单独操纵继电式电气集individual lever type all-relay interlocking 进路继电式电气集中联route type all—relay interlocking弹力继电器spring—type relay 快动继电器quick-acting relay电磁继电器electromagnetic relay 快吸继电器quick pick—up relay电码继电器code relay 脉冲继电器impulse relay轨道继电器track relay 偏极继电器polar biased relay缓动继电器slow—acting relay 热力继电器thermal relay缓放继电器slow release relay 时间继电器;延时继电器time relay; time delay relay 缓吸继电器slow pick—up relay 微机-继电式电气集microcomputer—relay interlocking 继电并联传递网路successively workedparallel relay network无极继电器neutral relay继电并联网路parallel relay network 信号继电器indicating relay继电串联网路series relay network 信号用继电器signal relay继电器防震架shock absorber base for relays 有极继电器polarized relay继电器接点relay contact 整流继电器rectifier relay继电器灵敏度relay sensitivity 正常动作继电器normal acting relay继电器室relay house; relay room 直流继电器DC relay继电器释放relay released 重力继电器gravitation type relay继电器吸起relay energized 组合继电器combination relay继电器线圈relay coil 座式继电器desk type relay; shelf-type relay继电器箱relay case道口类相关术语道口安全crossing safety道口防护crossing protection道口接近区段approach section of a highway level crossing道口控制器electronic train detector道口控制器crossing controller道口栏木barrier道口栏木crossing barrier；cross barrier at grade crossing道口栏木锁闭器barrier lock道口闪光信号highway level crossing flashing signal道口事故level crossing accidents道口室外音响器highway level crossing out door audible device道口通知设备crossing announcing signal; highway level crossing announcing device道口信号crossing signal道口信号机level crossing signal道口信号机level crossing signal道口信号控制盘level crossing signal control panel道口障碍报警装置obstruction warning device for level crossing道口障碍物检测器crossing obstructing detector道口遮断信号level crossing obstruction signal道口自动信号crossing automatic signal；automatic level crossing signal列车接近道口表示器train approach indicator for level crossing列车进行方向表示器train direction indicator特殊信号发光机obstruction warning indicator自动栏木automatic barrier道岔类相关术语岔中绝缘insulated joint within a turnout 道岔双动机point lever fro cross over带柄道岔表示器switch indicator with lever 道岔顺序启动sequential starting of switches带柄道岔表示器switch lever with indicator 道岔顺序转换sequential transiting of switches 带动道岔switch with follow up movement 道岔锁闭switch locking；switch point locking 弹簧道岔spring point；spring switch（美) 道岔锁闭表示switch locked indication道岔point；switch(美）道岔握柄switch lever道岔表示switch indication 道岔中途转换switch thrown under moving cars道岔转换switch setting；switch in transition 道岔表示器point indicator；switchindicator(美）道岔错误表示false indication of a switch 防护道岔protective turnout道岔电磁锁闭器magnetic facing point lock 非集中道岔locally operated switch道岔电路控制器switch circuit controller 非联锁道岔non-interlocked switch道岔定位表示switch normal indication 分路道岔branching turnout道岔反位表示switch reverse indication 高速道岔High speed switch道岔封锁switch closed up 集中道岔centrally operated switch道岔减摩器roller point 挤岔splitting of point tongue；forcing open of thepoint道岔密贴switch point closure , Switch close-gap 挤岔报警alarm for a trailed switch道岔密贴调整switch adjustment 联锁道岔interlocked switch道岔启动switch starting 爬越道岔run-over type point道岔区段section with a switch or switches 脱轨道岔derailing point; switch point derail(美)道岔人工解锁manual release of a locked switch 中岔Middle switch道岔失去表示loss of indication of a switch电路类相关术语安全电路vital circuit 焊接式钢轨接续线welded bond半自动闭塞联系电路liaison circuit withsemi-automatic blocks横向接续线cross bond报警电路warning circuit 后接点back contact闭路式轨道电路close type track circuit 后圈back coil表示电路indication circuit 后退信号backing signal并联式轨道电路multiply connected trackcircuit基本联锁电路fundamental interlocking circuit不对称脉冲轨道电路asymmetrical impulse track circuit 极频轨道电路polar frequency coded track circuit；polar-frequency pulse track circuit测试电路testing circuit 极性检查电路polarity checking circuit长轨道电路long track circuit 极性交叉polar reversal；polar transposition场间联系电路liaison circuit between yards 计轴器axle counter串联式轨道电路serially connected track circuit 交流轨道电路ac track circuit; ac track circuit单轨条式轨道电路single rail track circuit 交流计数电码轨道电路ac counting coded trackcircuit道岔控制电路switch control circuit 接口电路interface circuit点灯电路lighting circuit 接续线bond电缆敷设cable laying 解锁电路release circuit电缆敷设机cable laying machine 进路表示器电路route indicator circuit电缆接续cable connecting 进路电路route selecting circuit电路分析circuit analysis 开环轨道电路open track circuit电路设计circuit design 开路式轨道电路open type track circuit电码轨道电路coded track circuit 励磁电路energizing circuit调频轨道电路frequency modulated trackcircuit连续式轨道电路continuous track circuit调整状态normal state 联系电路liaison circuit叠加轨道电路overlap track circuit 脉冲轨道电路pulse track circuit断轨防护broken rail protection 灭火花电路spark extinguishing circuit发车表示器电路departure indicator circuit 旁通接续线by-pass bond阀式轨道电路value—type track circuit; valvetype track circuit区间联系电路liaison circuit with block signalling方向电路directional circuit 塞钉式钢轨接续线plug bond非安全电路non—vital circuit 双轨条轨道电路double—rail track circuit分倍频轨道电路divided—and-doubledfrequency track circuit死区段dead section分路灵敏度shunting sensitivity 送受分开电路sending and receiving separated circuit 分路效应shunting effect 锁闭电路locking circuit钢轨导接线;钢轨接续线rail bond 跳线jumper bond钢轨绝缘rail insulation 通过按钮电路through button circuit钢轨绝缘不良bad rail insulation 无绝缘轨道电路jointless track circuit钢轨引接线track lead 无绝缘节轨道电路non-insulated track circuit钢轨阻抗rail impedance 下坡道防护电路protection circuit for approachingheavy down grad轨道变阻器track rheostat 限流设备track current limiting device轨道传感器track sensor 相敏轨道电路phase detecting track circuit轨道电抗器track reactor 信号电路signal circuit轨道电路track circuit 信号接续线signal bond轨道电路测试track circuit testing 信号控制电路signal control circuit轨道电路电码化coding of continuous track circuit 移频轨道电路frequency shift track circuit；frequency—shift modulated track circuit轨道电路调整状态regulated state of a trackcircuit音频轨道电路audio frequency track circuit轨道电路分割cut-section of a track circuit 有绝缘节轨道电路insulated track circuit轨道电路分路状态shunted state of a trackcircuit站间联系电路liaison circuit between stations轨道电路区段track circuit district 直流轨道电路DC track circuit轨道电路蓄电现象track storage effect 重叠轨道电路overlay track circuit轨道电阻器track resistor 自闭电路self-stick circuit轨道接触器track treadle 自动闭塞联系电路liaison circuit with automaticblocks轨道绝缘；绝缘节rail insulation; insulation section 自动通过按钮电路automatically through button circuit轨道生电现象track galvanic effect 相敏轨道电路phase detecting track circuit 轨道占用track occupied 红光带Red—light strap轨间绝缘crack gauge insulation驼峰类相关术语半自动化驼峰系统semi—automatic hump yard system 驼峰机车遥控remote control of hump engines非机械化驼峰设备unmechanical hump yard equipment 驼峰机械修理室hump mechanics repair room机械化驼峰设备mechanized hump yardequipment驼峰溜放控制系统humping control system驼峰电气集中electric interlocking for hump yard 驼峰信号机hump signal驼峰复示信号机humping signal repeater 自动化驼峰系统automatic hump yardsystem控制类相关术语测速装置speedometer 列车速度自动监督automatic train speedsupervision超速防护train over—speed protection 列车位置表示train location indication; trainposition indication超速防护系统Automatic Train Protectionsystem列车运行监测train running monitoring车次表示train number display; train number indication 列车运行控制仿真系统Train operation control simulation system车次自动表示；车次自动显示automatictrain number display列车运行控制系统train operation control system车辆抄号设备wagon number checking equipment 列车自动保护系统Automatic Train Protection (ATP)车辆识别装置vehicle identifier 列车自动调速automatic train speed regulation车门自动控制automatic train door control 列车自动防护automatic train protection车站控制station master control 列车自动防护系统automatic train protectionsystem车站列车控制中心Station Train Control Center 列车自动监控系统Automatic Train Supervision （ATS)点控制intermittent control 列车自动减速automatic train deceleration点式查询应答器intermittent inquiry balise 列车自动控制Automatic Train Control (ATC）点式自动停车intermittent type automatic trainstop列车自动控制系统automatic train control system调度集中controlled traffic control device（CTC）列车自动控制装置automatic train control device 调度集中分机field equipment of CTC 列车自动限速automatic train speed restriction调度集中装置centralized traffic controlinstallation列车自动运行automatic train operation调度集中总机control office equipment of CTC 列车自动运行系统Automatic Train Operation （ATO)调度监督dispatchers supervision；dispatcherssupervision system列调作业Train shunting work调度监督设备dispatchers supervisionequipment列控系统train control system调度控制dispatchers control 溜放进路自动控制automatic switching control ofhumping yard by rou分散自律Decentralized and Autonomous 溜放速度自动控制automatic rolling down speedcontrol分散自律调度集中系统Decentralized andautonomous CTC system目标打靶控制target shooting跟踪系统tracing system 区段遥控remote control for a section枢纽遥控remote control of a junction terminal计算机辅助调度computer-aided dispatching计算机联锁Computer interlocking 双接近区double—approach—section监控装置supervisory control device 双重控制dual control监视系统monitor system; supervision system 铁路应急通信系统Railway emergencycommunication监视装置monitor device 推峰速度自动控制automatic control for humpingspeed进路控制route control 微机监测microcomputer monitor进路控制装置routing control equipment 卫星定位satellite localization局部控制local control 卫星监测satellite monitoring局部控制盘local control panel 无绝缘移频自动闭塞系统automatic block systemwith jointless shift frequency控制点controlling point 无线维修终端Mobile maintenance terminal（MMT）控制对象controlled object 行车指挥自动化running command automation；automation of traffic control控制盘control panel 遥控remote control控制台Console 遥控区段remotely controlled section控制台单元control desk element 遥控装置remote control device（RC)控制台室control room 遥信区段remotely surveillance section控制中心control center 遥信装置remote—signal equipment控制周期control cycle 远程监督分区relayed surveillance subsection连续控制continuous control 远程网路relayed surveillance network列车报警系统train alarm system 中心控制centralized control列车超速防护Automatic Train Protection 自动停车装置automatic train stop device（ATS）列车调度指挥系统Train Dispatching Command System （TDCS）自动限速装置automatic train control device （ATC)列车监控与追踪Train Monitoring andTracking自律机Autonomous machine调车类相关术语调车表示器shunting indicator 非进路调车to hold route for shunting调车表示器电路shunting indicator circuit 非进路调车电路circuit to hold a route forshunting调车区电气集中联锁interlocking for shunting area 减速器car retarder调车线始端减速器tangent retarder 溜放调车表示器kick off shunting indicator 调车信号机shunting signal 双面调车信号机signal for shunting forwardand backward电源类相关术语备用电源stand-by power supply；stand-bypower source混合供电制ac—battery power supply system变压器箱transformer box 集中电源centrally connected power source表示灯电源power source for indication lamp 集中供电centrally connected power supply不间断电源uninterrupted supply 继电器控制电源power source for relay control充电battery charging 交流电源屏ac power supply panel道岔表示电源power source for switch交流供电制AC power supply system indication局部电源locally supplied power source道岔动作电源power source for switchoperation道岔控制电源power source for switch control 局部控制电路local control circuit电池battery；cell 摩擦电流frictional working current电压过低voltage below level 闪光电源flashing power source电压自动调整器automatic voltage regulator 太阳能电池solar cell电源端子terminals for power supplies 太阳能电源solar power supply电源屏power supply panel 条件电源conditional power source电源识别标志power source marker 条件电源屏conditional power supply panel停电power failure电源室power supply room ；power supplyroom电源转换屏power switching over panel 线路变压器line transformer电源转接屏power switch board 信号灯变压器signal lamp transformer扼流变压器impedance transformer 信号电源signal power supply方向电源directional traffic power source 信号高压配电线路high voltage distribution linefor signalling防护变压器protective transformer 信号机点灯电源signal lighting power source浮充供电floating charge power supply 蓄电池供电storage battery power supply干线供电main linely connected power supply 蓄电池室battery room工作电流working current 整流器一次电池供电primary cell power supply 供电rectifier power supply 直流电源屏DC power supply panel轨道变压器箱track transformer box 直流供电制DC power supply system轨道受电变压器track relay transformer 主电源main power source轨道送电变压器track transformer feed end 自动调压automatic voltage regulation轨道信号灯变压器track and signal lamp综合防雷Synthetic lightning protection transformer混合电源ac—battery power source其它安全接点safety contact 近程网路directly surveillance network按钮push-in button 进路表route sheet按钮表示button indication 进路表示器route indicator保护区段overlap protection block section 进路操纵作业semi—automatic operation by route 被控点controlled point 进路储存器route storaging devices臂板接触器contacts operated by semaphore 进路存储器route storage臂板转极器pole changer operated by警惕按钮acknowledgment buttonsemaphore编组站marshalling Yard 警惕手柄acknowledgment lever编组站测长yard distance—to—coupling 静态长度car spacemeasurement编组站测速yard speed measurement 绝缘不良bad insulation编组站测重yard weight sensing 开通put into operation编组站测阻yard rollability measurement 可调拐肘adjustable crank空气压缩机室air compressor room编组站自动化automation of marshallingstation标志indicator; marker 拉钮pull-out button标准分路灵敏度standard shunting sensitivity 雷达测速器radar speedometer表示indication 雷电干扰lightning interference表示灯indication lamp 离去表示departure indication表示对象indicated object 离去区段departure section表示杆indication rod 连接杆pipe link表示连接杆connecting rod for indication 联锁图表interlocking table表示盘indicating panel 两点检查released by checking two sections表示器indicator 列车时刻表train timetable表示周期indication cycle 邻线干扰interference from neighboring line并置信号点double signal location 零层端子terminals of layer 0 of a relay rack材质不良bad material 溜放速度free rolling speed操纵台operating console 路牌tablet测长distance-to-coupling measurement 路牌携带器tablet pouch测试test 路牌自动授收机automatic tablet exchanger测试环线test loop 路签train staff ；staff测速speed measurement 路签携带器staff pouch测重weight sensing 路签自动授收机automatic staff exchanger测阻rollability measurement 乱显示false indication插接不良plug—in trouble 轮修alternative maintenance车挡表示器car stop marker 密贴调整杆adjustable switch operating rod车档表示器buffer stop indicator 摩擦联结器frictional clutch车辆存在监测器presence monitor 目的制动objective breaking; target braking车辆缓行器wagon retarder；wagon retarder 内燃牵引干扰diesel traction interference车辆加减速器car accelerator/retarder 排列进路route setting车辆加速器car accelerator 票据传送设备classification list conveyer system 车辆减速器car retarder 破封break a seal车辆停车标car stop indicator 牵引小车pushing trolley车轮传感器wheel detector 牵纵拐肘escapement crank储风罐air reservoir 前接点front contact储酸室acid store room 前圈front coil传动系统driving system 强电干扰high voltage interference磁路系统magnetic circuit 桥梁通知设备bridge announciating device错溜misroute 切断音响按钮button for cut—off an audible signal 错误办理wrong handling 侵入限界绝缘insulated joint located within theclearance limit错误表示wrong indication 区段占用表示section occupancy indication单独操纵作业manual operation 区间section单断single break 区间封锁section closed up单频感应器single frequency inductor 区间空闲section cleared导管调整器pipe compensator 区间占用block occupancy; section occupied导线导轮wire carrier 区间占用位置检测location detecting of occupiedsection导线调整器wire compensator 取消进路to cancel a route导线反正扣wire-adjusting screw 人工分路manual shunt导线立轮vertical wheel 人为故障human failure导线平轮horizontal wheel 熔断器断丝fuse burn—out导线平轮组horizontal wheel assembly 熔断器断丝报警fuse break alarm导线装置wire installation 冗余结构redundant structure导向安全failure to the safe side 三点检查released by checking three sections道渣电阻ballast resistance 设备停用equipment out-of use灯光转移to transfer of lighting indication 施工妨碍construction interference灯丝断丝filament burn-out 识别标志marker light灯丝断丝报alarm for burnout of filaments 事故照明emergency lighting灯丝转换filament transfer 释放时间drop away time地面感应器wayside inductor 释放值release value地面设备wayside equipment 手柄handle地中电缆盒underground cable terminal box 手动调压manual voltage regulation第二接近区段second approach section 受电端receiving end第二离去区段second departure section 枢纽遥控remote control of a junction terminal第一接近区段first approach section 双断double break第一离去区段first departure section 双频感应器double frequency inductor电动传送设备electric motor operated水分离器water separatorconveyer电空传送设备electro—pneumatic conveyer 水鹤表示器water crane indicator电气路牌机electric tablet instrument 顺向重叠进路route with overlapped section inthe same direction电气路签机electric staff instrument 瞬时分路instantaneous shunt定点停车stopping a train at a target point 瞬时分路不良instantaneous loss of shunting定期维修periodical maintenance 四点检查released by checking four sections定位接点normal contact 送电端feed end动程stroke 隧道通知设备tunnel announciating device动接点contact heel 跳线jumper动态长度distance-to—go 铁路局Railroad Administration动作杆throw rod 铁路运营railway operation动作连接杆operating rod for driving a switch 铁鞋skate; cast brake shoe同意按钮盘agreement button panel对向重叠进路route with overlapped sectionin the opposite dire额定值rated value 推送小车辆propelling trolley二次参数secondary parameter 脱轨表示器derail indicator发车表示器departure indicator 脱线修off line maintenance发车线路表示器departure track indicator 驼峰溜放调速humping governing反位接点reverse contact 晚点表示delaying time indication反装left—handed machine 维修maintenance方向手柄traffic lever 维修不良not well maintained方向转接器directional switch 无碴轨道non-ballast track防护区段protected section 无岔区段section without a switch防止重复prevention for repetitive clear of a误用故障misuse faultsignal妨害故障hindrance fault 吸起时间pick—up time非自复式按钮stick button 吸起值pick—up value分割区段cut section 显示距离range of a signal分路shunt 线路点field location分线盘distributing terminal board 线路区段track section分线盘端子terminals on distributing board 线路占用表示track occupancy indication分向电缆盒cable branching terminal box 线路遮断表示器track obstruction indicator线束减速器group retarder风管路调压设备air pipeline pressuregovernor风压调整器manometer regulator 线头脱落wire lead drop out封锁close up 限界检查器clearance treadle峰下减速器master retarder 限速接近方式closing-in杆上电缆盒cable terminal box on a post 行车记录设备train movement recording equipment 感应器inductor 选路route selection工厂化施工industrial construction 循环检查制cyclic scanning system工作值working value 一次参数primary parameter共用箱cab signal box 一送多受single feeding and multiple receivingtrack circuit股道空闲track clear 应答器transponder股道占用track occupied 油压动力室hydraulic pressure engine room故障-安全fail-safe 迂回进路detour route故障办理emergency treatment after failure 预防维修preventive maintenance故障复原restoration after a failure 预告标warning signs for approaching a station故障积累failure accumulation 预排进路presetting of a route故障升级progression of failure 钥匙路签staff with a key故障修corrective maintenance 运行图描绘仪train diagram plotter光带light strip 在线修on line maintenance光带式表示striped indication light 占线表示occupancy indication光点式表示spotted indication light 站场型网路geographical circuitry缓放时间slow release time 站界标station limit sign缓吸时间slow pick—up time 正装right—handed machine汇流条bus—bar 直角拐肘right angle crank机车车辆rolling stock；car；vehicle 直线电机LinearMotor机车感应器locomotive inductor 制动试验表示器brake test sign device机车接近通知approaching announcing in cab 制动位retarder location机车设备locomotive equipment 中继站repeater station机车信号测试区段cab signaling testing 中间电缆盒intermediate cable terminal box。

铁道信号学习计划一、学习目的铁道信号是指用来传达列车运行信息和控制列车行驶方向的设备。

它通过各种信号灯、旗语、声音和标志等载体，传递给列车司机、调度员和其他相关人员，用来保证列车的安全和高效运行。

因此，学习铁道信号知识对于保证铁路交通的安全和高效至关重要。

本学习计划的目的主要有两个：1. 了解铁道信号的基本原理和作用，掌握铁道信号的种类和信号语义；2. 熟悉铁道信号的使用规范，提升自身的铁道交通安全意识和应急处理能力。

二、学习内容1. 铁道信号的基本原理和作用- 铁道信号概述- 铁道信号的作用和重要性- 铁道信号的基本原理2. 铁道信号的分类与语义- 信号的分类和含义- 不同类型信号的使用规范- 信号灯的颜色和意义3. 铁道信号的使用规范- 铁道信号的设置标准- 铁道信号设备的维护和检修- 铁道信号的应急处理4. 铁道交通安全意识与技能提升- 铁道交通安全意识培养- 铁道意外事故案例分析- 铁道交通应急处理训练三、学习步骤1. 阅读相关资料通过阅读相关的铁道信号学习资料，了解铁道信号的基本原理和作用，熟悉不同类型信号的分类和语义。

2. 参加培训课程参加铁道信号相关的培训课程，学习信号灯的颜色和意义，了解铁道信号的使用规范以及应对应急情况的方法。

3. 到现场实践到铁路站场实地观察和学习，参与铁道信号设备的维护和检修工作，了解现场实际操作。

4. 反复演练参与铁道交通安全意识的培养和技能提升，加强对铁道交通安全事故的防范和应对能力，进行反复的演练和实战模拟。

四、学习工具1. 书籍资料通过阅读相关的铁道信号学习资料，了解铁道信号的基本原理和作用，熟悉不同类型信号的分类和语义。

2. 培训课程参加铁道信号相关的培训课程，学习信号灯的颜色和意义，了解铁道信号的使用规范以及应对应急情况的方法。

3. 现场观察到铁路站场实地观察和学习，参与铁道信号设备的维护和检修工作，了解现场实际操作。

4. 模拟演练参与铁道交通安全意识的培养和技能提升，加强对铁道交通安全事故的防范和应对能力，进行反复的演练和实战模拟。

25Hz相敏轨道电路二线制预叠加ZPW-2000R移频电码化系统说明(V1.0版本)黑龙江瑞兴科技股份有限公司目录1概述 (1)1.1系统构成 (1)1.2工作原理 (1)1.3ZPW-2000R站内移频电码化系统主要技术条件 (3)1.4系统设备规格型号 (3)1.5ZPW-2000R移频电码化发送设备的主要技术指标 (5)2ZPW-2000R移频电码化发送设备 (6)2.1站内发送器 (6)2.2站内功放器 (9)2.3发送采集器 (11)2.4温控单元 (14)2.5站内散热单元 (15)2.6电源接线板 (17)2.7站内发送组合 (18)2.8站内功放组合 (24)2.9站内移频架 (27)2.10补偿电容 (30)2.11WGL-T型电码化室外隔离盒（北京全路通信信号总公司设计） (32)2.12NGL-T型电码化室内隔离盒（北京全路通信信号总公司设计） (34)2.13MGL-UF送端隔离组合（北京全路通信信号总公司设计） (36)2.14MGL-UR受端隔离组合（北京全路通信信号总公司设计） (37)2.15MFT1-T型电码化匹配防雷调整组合（北京全路通信信号总公司设计） (37)2.16 BMT-25型室内调整变压器（北京全路通信信号总公司设计） (38)2.17数字电缆（铁路内屏蔽数字信号电缆） (40)3设备包装、运输和贮存 (42)3.1包装 (42)3.2运输 (42)3.3贮存 (42)4站内电码化设计原则及电缆使用 (42)4.1总设计原则 (42)4.2电缆使用原则 (43)5工程施工室内配线 (43)625H Z相敏轨道电路预叠加ZPW-2000R移频电码化的轨道电路调整原则 (44)6.125Hz相敏轨道电路的调整 (44)1概述在站内轨道电路制式与区间自动闭塞制式不同的情况下，机车通过车站时，机车信号设备无法接收站内信息。

为了使机车信号设备不间断地接收与区间相同的信息，站内正线上的各轨道电路区段和侧线股道，均应实现电码化。