《跨文化商务沟通》第一章 文化、沟通及跨文化沟通课后练习

第一章 1【单选题】(10分)中西方文化交流的历史源远流长，历史上有一条连接东西方文明古国的通道被称之为“丝绸之路”。

“丝绸之路”的得名是由（）提出的。

A. 张骞B. 汉和帝C. 汉武帝正确查看答案解析10分2【多选题】(10分)广义上的“丝绸之路”除了包括陆上丝绸之路外，还包括海上丝绸之路。

海上丝绸之路由（）组成。

D. 北洋航线正确查看答案解析10分3【多选题】(10分)“丝绸之路”曾作为连接中西方的重要通道发挥着重要的作用。

其发挥的作用主要是指（）。

B. 军事作用正确查看答案解析10分4【单选题】(10分)通过“陆上丝绸之路”，于（）年粟特人将制造葡萄酒的技术传入中国。

B. 康熙九年C. 崇祯十六年D. 元和七年正确查看答案解析10分5【单选题】(10分)汉武帝时期，（）为开拓“丝绸之路”立下了汗马功劳，被誉为“中国走向世界第一人”。

A. 卫青B. 霍去病D. 司马迁正确查看答案解析10分6【多选题】(10分)鸠摩罗什把佛教从西方引入中国，将大量经书翻译成汉语，为佛教在中国的传播做出了巨大的贡献。

他与（）和玄奘并称为中国佛教四大译经家。

B. 鉴真C. 法显正确查看答案解析10分7【单选题】(10分)（）17岁时跟随父亲和叔叔历时四年来到中国，与元世祖忽必烈建立了友谊。

后由鲁斯蒂谦将其在中国见闻轶事整理并编著成游记，在欧洲广为流传，激起了欧洲人对东方的向往。

A. 查理·马特C. 利玛窦D. 阿基米德正确查看答案解析10分8【多选题】(10分)佛教传入中国后对中国文化的影响巨大。

中国历史上就曾修建过许多反映佛教文化的石窟，其中敦煌莫高窟与（）并称为中国四大石窟。

A. 固原须弥山石窟正确查看答案解析10分9【多选题】(10分)利玛窦不仅将中国文化介绍到了西方，而且帮助中国人打开了视野，使中国人了解到了西方。

正是由于他的到来，使中国人第一次接触到了（）。

D. 西方哲学正确答案是:A,B,C查看答案解析10【多选题】(10分)“丝绸之路”加强了东西方的贸易往来。

跨文化商务沟通彭清龙课后一、引言1.1 任务背景1.2 任务目的二、跨文化商务沟通的重要性2.1 国际化商务的发展趋势2.2 跨文化商务沟通对企业的影响三、文化差异对商务沟通的影响3.1 语言差异3.2 礼仪与礼节差异3.3 价值观与信仰差异3.4 时间观念与工作习惯差异四、跨文化商务沟通的关键要素4.1 跨文化商务沟通的原则4.2 语言与非语言沟通技巧4.3 跨文化沟通中的注意事项五、案例分析：中美跨文化商务沟通5.1 中美商务文化差异的概述5.2 中美商务沟通中的常见问题5.3 解决中美商务沟通问题的建议六、结论6.1 跨文化商务沟通的挑战6.2 跨文化商务沟通的应对策略跨文化商务沟通彭清龙课后一、引言1.1 任务背景在全球化时代，跨国企业之间的商务交流越来越频繁，而不同文化之间的差异也成为影响商务沟通的重要因素。

为了帮助企业有效地开展跨文化商务沟通，彭清龙老师提供了相关课程。

本文将探讨跨文化商务沟通的重要性以及应对文化差异的关键要素。

1.2 任务目的本文的目的是全面、详细、完整地探讨跨文化商务沟通的重要性，并提供有效的解决方案以应对不同文化背景下的沟通挑战。

通过学习彭清龙老师的课程，读者将能够更好地理解跨文化商务沟通的要点，并在实践中应用相关技巧和策略。

二、跨文化商务沟通的重要性2.1 国际化商务的发展趋势随着全球化的不断推进，国际化商务交流成为趋势。

企业需要与来自不同国家和地区的合作伙伴、客户和员工进行沟通和合作。

跨国企业的商务活动已超越地域和文化的限制，因此，跨文化商务沟通的重要性不言而喻。

2.2 跨文化商务沟通对企业的影响跨文化商务沟通能够直接影响企业的业务发展和合作关系。

如果企业不能有效地应对文化差异问题，可能导致沟通障碍、误解和冲突，进而影响商业谈判、合作协议和客户关系等。

因此，跨文化商务沟通对企业来说至关重要。

三、文化差异对商务沟通的影响3.1 语言差异语言是文化的重要组成部分，不同语言之间的差异会影响商务沟通的准确性和效果。

《跨文化商务沟通》第一章文化、沟通及跨文化沟通课后练习一、单项选择题共12 题1、Cultural bias is unavoidable since there was a long process of culture （）in world history.A . separationB . communicationC . progressD . communicat参考答案：A2、Although there are many cultural barriers among different cultures, there are also certain proper channels to（）among different nations.A . argumentB . communicateC . disputeD . transport参考答案：B3、Culture has variety of characteristics but not （）.A . sharedB . learnedC . ethnocentricD . invariability参考答案：D4、Only outward symbols of a culture are visible, while the most important aspects of a culture are invisible. This phenomenon is often compared as a metaphor （）.A . blanketB . icebergC . iceboxD . invisible man参考答案：B5、（）The communication between people from different cultures when a member of one culture produces a message for consumption by a member of another culture.A . business communicationB . cultural communicationC . intercultural communicationD . vertical communication参考答案：C6、（）A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior, or the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, signals, writing, or behavior.A . communicationB . messageC . informationD . transformation参考答案：A7、（）The communication is within business and administration, aiming at a common objective and profits for both the individuals and organizations.A . cultural exchangeB . business exchangeC . business communicationD . intercultural communication参考答案：C8、Culture and language are not the same, but they （）.A . link each otherB . are essentially differentC . can be substituted each otherD . have different aspects参考答案：A9、（）The belief that your own cultural background, including ways of analyzing problems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is superior.A . communicationB . cultureC . prejudiceD . ethnocentrism参考答案：D10、（）The total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.A . cultureB . beliefC . environmentD . institution参考答案：A11、（）The communication at the same level in an organization.A . vertical communicationB . horizontal communicationC . business communicationD . directive communication参考答案：B12、Lateral communication could be expressed as （）.A . single communicationB . prejudice communicationC . directive communicationD . horizontal communication参考答案：D二、判断题共12 题1、Culture could be understood as variety of ways of social lives for different nation or groups in the world.对错参考答案：正确2、With the integration of language into the fabric of culture, confusion and dysfunction would happen and the culture would be destroyed.对错参考答案：错误3、Culture is all men's medium; there is no aspect of human life that is not touched and altered by culture.对错参考答案：正确4、The culture shown in an onion consists of two levels: a level of norms and values, or an invisible level, and a visible level of resultant behavior or artifacts of' some form.对错参考答案：正确5、Culture cannot be known without a study of communication, and communication can only be understood with an understanding of the culture it supports.对错参考答案：正确6、In the global village, neighbors communicate free of troubles and difficulties.对错参考答案：错误7、Culture could be understood as the only universal way of life in the world.对错参考答案：错误8、The terms of intercultural communication and international communication can be used interchangeably.对错参考答案：正确9、Intercultural communication could be the communication between persons of different cultures.对错参考答案：正确10、Stereotypes, like culture itself, are learned in a variety of ways. They are the products of limited, lazy, and misguided perceptions.对错参考答案：正确11、The culture shown in an iceberg consists of two levels: a level of norms and values, like an invisible iceberg under sea level, and a visible level of characteristics, like the visible iceberg above sea level.对错参考答案：正确12、It is impossible for us to communicate with another totally different culture.对错参考答案：错误三、简答题共 3 题1、有人说，“掌握了对方的语言，就消除了跨文化沟通的障碍”。

Unit 1AKey conceptsreservation: 谦逊的coldness: 冷静的 modesty：谦虚的humor：幽默的 sportsmanship：运动员精神Q1、what is a reserved person like?Answer: A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers, does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited.Q2、what is the character of the Englishmen?Answer: reserved 、humor、modesty、cold、sportsmanship.Q3、what is sportsmanship?Answer: sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport according to its rules, while also showing gene rosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat.Case studyQ、What made the Britisher feel quite unhappy in this situation? Answer: The loud speaking made the reserved Britisher feel quite unhappy.Unit1BKey conceptsthe pioneering spirit创业精神trying something new探索精神equality平等national optimism 民族乐观freedom自由the Declaration of Independence独立宣言rags-to-richer 白手起家social mobility社会流动性American dream美国梦Comprehension questions1. Can you summarize the character of Americans?The characters of Americans are the pioneering spirit, trying something new and being eager to equality and freedom.2.In what sense is the pioneering spirit still an importantpart of the American character?Americans who don’t change residence are also on the move—traveling by air or auto to see their own country or to visit others. The need to explore a new frontier is basic to the American character. They are in search of greater prosperity and freedom.3. What is the American Dream? What is its impact on the American character?The American Dream is that the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. 4. What are the basic roots of American character?The basic roots of American character are the pioneering spirit, the liberty spirit and the equality spirit.Case studyQ;Why did the American feel uncomfortable? Please give him suggestions on how to get along with English people.Because he did something that he think it is friendly, but the Englishseemed unfriendly.American: outgoing/optimistic/casual/friendlyEnglish: Reserved/politeSuggestions:1. On the whole British habits of politeness are very informal. All politeness is based on the elementary rule of showing consideration for others, and acknowledging the consideration they show to you.2. Conversation in Britain is in general quiet and restrained and loud speech is considered ill-bred.Unit2Akey concept: Five Relationships of Confucianism孔子的五伦思想humanism 人道主义 individualism个人主义 collectivism集体主义individual's right个人权利1.cording to Confucianism , what are the five cardinal relationships in Chinese society and what should these relationships be?Five cardinal relationship: ruler-minister, father-son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend and friend. This was explained as “There should be affection between father and son, righteous sense of duty between ruler and minister, division of function between man and wife, stratification between old and young, and good faith between friend. ”2. Can you tell the main influence of Confucianism on the ideology of Chinese people?In traditional Chinese beliefs, especially in Confucianism , collectivism is appreciated .It emphasizes cooperation among group members and individual success is due to the collective effort of the staff in a unit ,an organization or a community .3. Can you tell the main influence of the Renaissance on Western values?In the Renaissance period of England ,people began to emphasize the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life .This is the rudiment of Humanism .People began to respect the humanity from then on ,and then developed into the ideas of what we always call freedom ,democracy .4. What is the difference between collectivism and individualism?Individualism refers to the doctrine that the rights of the individual are the most important ones in a society .Collectivism emphasizes cooperation among group members.(1)Westerners tend to believe that people should rely on themselvesas much as possible--and usually expect other people to do the same .People in collectivist cultures generally feel they have a right to expect help from other members of their groups ,and they also tend to feel they have an obligation to help other members of their groups .(2)Westerners generally feel that the rights of individuals shouldnot be subordinated to the needs of a larger group .People incollectivist cultures are generally more willing to accept the idea that individuals should sacrifice for the benefit of the group.(3)Westerners tend to believe that individuals should make decisionsfor themselves, and that individuals should take credit responsibility for what they are personally done. People in collectivist cultures tend to feel more that they are representative of their group, and to accept more responsibility for other members of their groups too.(4)Westerners tend to view individualism as a good thing .The Chineseterm for “individualism,”geren zhuyi, often has a somewhat negative connotation, and is sometimes used as a synonym for “selfishness”. 5. Why is it said that Americans are selfish? Do you think they are selfish? why or why not?Because Chinese term for “individualism,” geren zhuyi, often has a somewhat negative connotation, and is sometimes used as a synonym for “selfishness”.No, I don’t think so .Individualism refers to the doctrine that the rights of the individual are the most important ones in a society .The word “individualism”has no negative connotation ,in fact ,its connotation is somewhat positive .Unit3Akey concept:Nuclear family 核心家庭 happiness of individual member 个人主义幸福Sense of equality 平等意识 independence and individualism 独立自主1．How do Americans treat their newly-born babies and young adults?The American parents put a newborn in a separate bedroom when the childis a few weeks old. They like to preserve their privacy.2. What is the base of an American marriage? Why is divorce rate so highin the United States?(1)Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in U.S(2)They are extremely idealist about marriage, and they want deeply loved and deeply understood. But it is because American expect so much from marriage that so many divorced.3. What is the typical life of the old people in America? Why don’t they live together with their children?(1)Families place older relatives in nursing homes(2)Theirfnancial support is often provided by government-sponsored, social security or welfare systems. And Older people often seek their own friends rather than becoming too emotionally dependent on their children.Unit3BKey concepts ：A member of many groups 各种群体中的成员Impermanence 暂时Personal goals个人目标/Individual’needs个人需求Responsibilities 职责A series of concentric circles 一系列同心圆Stable 稳固Connection VS contract关系和合约Comprehension questions1.What are the characteristics of American social relationship? Impermanent and loose /individual’s needs come first ./contractual /friendly/compartmentalized/2.Why is American social relationship impermanent?They are members of many groups simultaneously. If they personal goals are no longer being met by a group ,they move on and probably look to new associates for the benefits they used to receive from the former group.3.Can you draw a picture to illustrate the pattern of Chinese socialrelationship? Who are in the inner most part and who are in the outside ?what is the difference between each part?○1I and family dearest friends work colleagueswho are familiar but not so closeEveryone but under obligation everyone else in the geographic area or nation or world○2I and family are in the inner most part while everyone else in the geographic area or nation or world are in the outside.○3 the differencebetween inner and out side is from most important to least important .4.What are the different understanding of friend between Chinese and American ?American social relationship are based on a shared activity, event, or experience, so they have casual, friendly relationships with many people , but deeper, close friendships with only a few.Chinese are likely to react more to the other person as a whole and will avoid forming friendships with those whose values and behaviors are in some way deemed undesirable.Case 1Because Jackson thinks friendship is mostly a matter of providing emotional support and spend time together .This situation creates dependence of one person on the other and it goes against the principle of equality.Case3Q1.They broken their friendship because they finished they common chemistry class and didn’t see each other very much at school .No one should be blamed for it because the different culture between Jordan and the United States lead to different attitudes to friendship.Q2.No I don’t think so. Because American friendship is impermanent andbased on a shared class , activity or event .If one drop of it , the relationship will fragmented.Unit5AKey concepts ：Gentleness and benevolence温柔与仁慈harmony 和谐violence and cruelty暴力和残酷conquest over nature征服自然exquisiteness and taste 精致和品位nutrition and balance 均衡营养pragmatism实用主义1.What are the functions of chopsticks?Chopsticks can nip, pick, rip and stir food.2.What are the possible reasons for Americans＇use of forks and knivesat dinner?Meat was their basic food source and gradually took the place of staplefood. They had to use forks and knives to cut and pork their food.3.Why do Chinese pay more attention to the taste of food?That appeals to the traditional ideology of China. Confucius emphasizedthe delight that food could bring to us. The standards of quality and tastethat Confucius recommended required the perfect blend of ingredients,herbs and condiments---a blend which would result in the perfect combination of flavor.4.Why do Americans pay more attention to nutrition?Because in their eyes ,food or eating is just a way to keep healthy, havinglittle to do with artistry. What they care about most is the nutrition contained in food and the blance of the whole diet structure rather than exquisiteness in cuisine and taste of food.Unit6AKey concepts ：1.Creativity: 创造力the ability to use your imaginationto produce new ideas, make things.2.Exploring:探索1)、to discuss or think about something carefully；2)、to travel around an area in order to find out about it；3)、written to feel something with your hand or another part of your body to find out what it is like3.Self-reliant：自主的able to do or decide things by yourself, without depending on the help or advice of other peopleOriginality：.独创性1. the ability to think and act independently 2. thequality of being new and original (not derived from something else)Molding and shaping: 塑造to guide (sb.) with the intent to control.1、How do the Chinese teach their children ? How do American do? Can youfind the theories supporting the different teaching methods?（1）For Chinese, they show a child how to do the something, or teach themby holding their hands .But in American, they teach children to rely onthemselves for solutions to problems.（2） Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge.unit7AKey concepts；1.Monochronic time : 单一时间an approach that favors linear structure and focus on one event or interaction at a time.2.Polychronic time: 多元时间people may attend to many things happening at once in this approach to time3.linear structure: 线性结构sequential blocks that can be organized, quantified, and scheduled.4 . Schedule oriented:以计划为方向的 people doing one thing at a time during a specified time-period, working on a single task until it is finished.5. People oriented:以人为方向的do not emphasize scheduling by separating time into discrete, fixed segments.6. Punctuality:严守时间 everyone is supposed to arrive on time when attending a formal banquet or meeting appointments.Comprehension questions (p82)1. What is monochromic cultures? What is polychromic cultures? Monochronic cultures typically emphasize doing one thing at a time during a specified time-period, working on a single task until it is finished. Polychronic cultures are involved with many things at once, usually with varying levels of attention paid to each.2. what are the different attitudes monochromic people and polychromic people hold toward time?Monochronic people see time as being divided into fixed elements (seconds, minutes, hours, etc.), sequential blocks that can be organized, quantified, and scheduled. Polychronic people prefer not to have detailed plans imposed on them but want to make their own plans and meet deadlines in their own way.3.What difficulties might an M-time-oriented person encounter when interacting someone who follows a P-time orientation?What kind of feelings might emerge during their meeting?It is at least partially responsible for the reputation of American business being cut off from human beings and unwilling to recognize the importance of employees morale. Feelings of wasted time are not as prevalent or serious as in M-time culures.4．What difficulties might a P-time-oriented person encounter when meeting someone who follows an M-time orientation?What kind of feelings might emerge during their meeting?Nothing is solid or firm, particularly plans for the future, evenimportant plans may be changed right up to the minute of execution. 5．What are the strengths and weaknesses of M-time system and P-time system?M-time systemStrengths: stimulating productive desirableWeaknesses: often feel uncomfortableP-time systemStrengths: oriented punctuality schedules proceduresWeaknesses: wastedUnit9AKey concepts:Silence 沉默 high-context culture 高语境文化 low-context culture 低语境文化implicitness 含蓄 explicitness 明确 impersonal sources of information 客观的信息来源 personal sources of information 人际间的信息来源 verbalizing 以言语表述1.What is high-context culture？What is low-context culture？1) Communication occurs in ways other than through language is high context. It is rely on the context, either the actual physical environment of communicate or communication or an internalized social context or both, to convey a large part or even all of a message's meaning.2) Communication that occurs mostly through language is low context. it is assumed to be understood, messages are explicit ,direct, and completely encoded in words, and meaning is entrusted almost entirely to words.2. How do people of different communicative cultures behave differently in their daily life？High-context are relational, collectivist, intuitive, and contemplative and they use the context to communicate the message. Members of low-context cultures put their thoughts into words. They are logical, linear, individualistic, and action-oriented.?3. What does silence mean in high-context cultures？What is the function of silence in high-context cultures？In high context cultures silence means agreement. can communicate apathy, confusion, repressed hostility, thoughtfulness, contemplation, sadness, regret, obligation, respect, agreement, disagreement, embarrassment, awe or any number of meanings.?4.What does silence means in low-text cultures？Why do the Westerners feel uncomfortable to silence？1). In low-context cultures, silence is often interpreted as the absence of communication. 2) Because silence dose not fit with it’s emphasis on precision and clarify, it may indicate that the receiver of the message did not hear the message, is angry at the message, needs time to think,or is embarrassed.5. Why does silence mean differently in different cultures？Because this is very different from the tendency in individualist culture to verbalize--that is, to put things in words, whether written or oral. Westerners may seek to express a different point of view so as to be recognized or to triumph in presenting a point of view that carries the majority with it .In collectivist cultures, being right isn't as important as being in concord with the group.Case16. Do you think the old Chinese couple tired or not after theLong flight ？Why did he reply with keyi?I think the old Chinese couple tired. Because to the Chinese ,silence means agreement.7. Why did the young traveler reply differently to the same question? Because silence mean differently in different cultures. Westerners may seek to express a different point of view so as to be recognized or to triumph. In presenting a point of view that carries the majority with it.8. According to Chinese custom, what will probably be the response to the young traveler's reply?According to Chinese custom, we will reply that you can have a good rest.Unit9BKey concepts:1.culture shock文化冲击 2.emotional and physical symptoms 情感和身体症状3.bewilderment and disorientation 困惑和迷惘4.adjestment process适应过程Comprehension questions2. how does culture shock affect people who are exposed to a new cultural environment?Culture as the physical and emotional discomfort one suffers when coming to live in another country or a place different from the place of origin. When the way we lived before is not as or considered as normal in the new place.3. What are the five stages of the cultural adjustment process? Does everyone have the same experience?(1) Honeymoon period, culture shock, initial adjustment, mental isolation, acceptance and integration. (2) Individuals experience the stage of adjustment in different ways. It depends on such factors as the newcomer’s personality, age, language and cultural competence, support from family and friends, financial situation, job status, and motivation for being in the new country.4. How do individuals differ in the degree of culture shock? Individuals experience the stage of adjustment in different ways. It depends on such factors as the newcomer’s personality, age, language and cultural competence, support from family and friends, financial situation,job status, and motivation for being in the new country.5. Which suggestion is most helpful to you ？Can you give other suggestions to cope with culture shock?Develop friendship, take a course or read a book on cross-cultural communication, re-exam your values and outlookCase studyCase 11.第一小问自述题，第二小问Chinese students typically focus on single-mindedly on their studies that they lose sight of the larger picture ,that is ,their ultimate role as cultural interpreters between their homeland and the foreign .2..自述题Case 21.找不到具体答案要根据课文理解给出2.自述题Case 31.It seemed that the representative was always changing the subject and they persisted in asking lots of personal questions about Tom2..无找不到确定答案3.During the next few days ,Tom noticed that though they had said they wanted to discuss details of his presentation ,they seemed to spend an inordinate amount of time on inconsequentiality .。

跨⽂化交际全部答案参考资料Unit 1 Communication Across CulturesReading IIntercultural Communication：An IntroductionComprehension questions1. Is it still often the case that “everyone?s quick to blame the alien”in the contemporary world?This is still powerful in today…s social and political rhetoric. For instance, it is not uncommon in today…s society to hear people say that most, if not all, of the social and economic problems are caused by minorities and immigrants.2. What?s the difference between today?s intercultural contact and that of any time in the past?Today…s intercultural encounters are far more numerous and of greater importance than in any time in history.3. What have made intercultural contact a very common phenomenon in our life today?New technology, in the form of transportation and communication systems, has accelerated intercultural contact; innovative communication systems have encouraged and facilitated cultural interaction; globalization of the economy has brought people together; changes in immigration patterns have also contributed to intercultural encounter.4. How do you understand the sentence “culture is everything and everywhere”?Culture supplies us with the answers to questions about what the world looks like and how we live and communicate within that world. Culture teaches us how to behave in our life from the instant of birth. It is omnipresent.5. What are the major elements that directly influence our perception and communication?The three major socio-cultural elements that directly influence perception and communication are cultural values, worldview (religion), and social organizations (family and state).6. What does one?s family teach him or her while he or she grows up in it?The family teaches the child what the world looks like and his or her place in that world.7. Why is it impossible to separate our use of language from our culture?Because language is not only a form of preserving culture but also a means of sharing culture. Language is an organized, generally agreed-upon, learned symbol system that is used to represent the experiences within a cultural community.8. What are the nonverbal behaviors that people can attach meaning to?People can attach meaning to nonverbal behaviors such as gestures, postures, facial expressions, eye contact and gaze, touch, etc.9. How can a free, culturally diverse society exist?A free, culturally diverse society can exist only if diversity is permitted to flourish without1prejudice and discrimination, both of which harm all members of the society.Reading IIThe Challenge of GlobalizationComprehension questions1. Why does the author say that our understanding of the world has changed?Many things, such as political changes and technological advances, have changed the world very rapidly. In the past mosthuman beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. Such an existence, however, no longer prevails in the world. Thus, all people are faced with the challenge of understanding this changed and still fast changing world in which we live.2. What a “global village”is like?As our world shrinks and its inhabitants become interdependent, people from remote cultures increasingly come into contact on a daily basis. In a ―global village‖, members of once isolated groups of people have to communicate with members of other cultural groups. Those people may live thousands of miles away or right next door to each other.3. What is considered as the major driving force of the post-1945 globalization?Technology, particularly telecommunications and computers are considered to be the major driving force.4. What does the author mean by saying that “the …global?may be more local than the …local?”?The increasing global mobility of people and the impact of new electronic media on human communications make the world seem smaller. We may communicate more with people of other countries than with our neighbors, and we may be more informed of the international events than of thelocal events. In this sense, ―the ?global…may be more local than the ?local…‖.5. Why is it important for businesspeople to know diverse cultures in the world?Effective communication may be the most important competitive advantage that firms have to meet diverse customer needs on a global basis. Succeeding in the global market today requires the ability to communicate sensitively with people from other cultures, a sensitivity that is based on an understanding of cross-cultural differences.6. What are the serious problems that countries throughout the world are confronted with?Countries throughout the world are confronted with serious problems such as volatile international economy, shrinking resources, mounting environmental contamination, and epidemics that know no boundaries.7. What implications can we draw from the case of Michael Fay?This case shows that in a world of international interdependence, the ability to understand and communicate effectively with people from other cultures takes on extreme urgency. If we are unaware of the significant role culture plays in communication, we may place the blame for communication failure on people of other cultures.8. What attitudes are favored by the author towards globalization?Globalization, for better or for worse, has changed the world greatly. Whether we like it or not,2globalization is all but unstoppable. It is already here to stay. It is both a fact and an opportunity. The challenges are not insurmountable. Solutions exist, and are waiting to be identified and implemented. From a globalistic point of view, there is hope and faith in humanity.Translation纵观历史，我们可以清楚地看到，⼈们由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰和⾏为举⽌上存在的差异，⽽长久⽆法互相理解、⽆法和睦相处。

1.（单选题）Which of the following is the most accurate description of the role that communication will play in your career?A.Ideas matter more than anything, so as long as you arecreative and have strong business sense,you can hire people to take care of communication tasks.B.No matter what other skills,connections,and attributes you have,your prospects will be limited if you don' t have good communication skills.C.In today' s tough business world, performance is the most important differentiator; everything else, including communication,is a distant second.D.As a “soft skill,”communication is important in some careers, such as sales and human resources, but not in technical,financial,or administrative careers.2.（单选题）In the communication process,feedback refers toA.negative criticism in response to miscommunicationB.positive evaluations at any level of the organizationC.verbal or nonverbal messages sent from receiversback to senders after a message has been received3.（单选题）Which of the following is not listed in the chapter as a type of communication barrier？A.Attendance policiesB.Noise and distractionspeting messagesD.Filters【Barriers in the Communication Environment：Noise and distractions、Competing messages、Filters、Channel breakdowns】4.（单选题）Which of the following pairs of attributes best describes the social communication model？A.Interactive and conversationalB.Ethical and instantaneousC.Electronic and printD.Relaxed and unrestricted5.（单选题）Which of these is not one of the advantages of mobile communication discussed in the chapter 1？A.Giving employees more flexility to meettheir personal and professional obligationsB.Guaranteeing ethical treatment of message recipientsC.Enhancing productivity and collaborationD.Creating more-engaging experiences for customers and other users【The potential benefits of communication technology include:Greater effectiveness、Greater efficiency、Better and easier research、Improved decision making、Fewer barriers】通讯技术的潜在好处包括:更大的效果，更大的效率，更好更容易的研究，改进的决策，更少的障碍6.（单选题）Giving computers the ability to understand language in the ways humans tend to speak and write is known asA.human language processingB.natural language processingputers peakD.artificial language7.（单选题）Effective business messages areA.entertaining,blunt,direct,opinionated,and persuasiveB.practical,objective,concise,clear,and persuasiveC.personal,clear,short,catchy,and challenging8.（单选题）A company’s stakeholders are（）A.any individuals or groups affected in a significant way by the company' s activitiesB.anyone who owns shares in the companyC.employees, except for unionized workforcesD.anyone who suffers as a result of the company' s actions【Effective communication strengthens the connections between a company and all its stakeholders, which are any persons or organizations significantly affected by the company’s business decisions and operations. 】9.（单选题）An audience-centered approach to communicationA.starts with the assumption that the audience is always rightB.improves the effectiveness of communication byfocusing on the information needs of the audienceC.is generally a waste of time because it doesn' t accommodate the needs of the senderD.always simplifies the tasks involved in planning and creatingmessages10.（单选题）Ethical communicationA.is the same thing as legal communicationB.costs more because there are so many rules to considerC.is important only for companies that sell toconsumers rather than to other businessesD.includes all the information an audience needs in order to make an informed decision or take an informed stance on an issue and is not deceptive in any way 11.（单选题）Which of the following does the chapter list as apotential disadvantage of the social communication model？A.The inability to share live camera imagesB.The reluctance of new employees to engage on social mediaC.The cost of equipping every employee with a secure mobile phoneD.The complexity created by having more information sources to monitor【Social communication has two potential disadvantages for business:less control over messages、greater complexity】社交对企业来说有两个潜在劣势:对消息的控制更少，更复杂12.（单选题）Which of these is not one of the benefits of business communication technology listed in the chapter？A.Making communication more effectiveB.Giving introverted employees the same opportunity to contribute as their more extroverted colleaguesC.Making communication more efficientD.Improving research tools to help communicators discover,process,and apply information13.（单选题）Which of these best describes theuse of artificial intelligence in business today？A.Only high-tech companies use Al today, although others might in the futureB.Al is now used extensively in business and business communicationC.Today’s consumers rarely come in contact with Al-enabled systemsD.After failed attempts at strong or generaI Al,businesses have largely abandoned Al14.（填空题）An ethical （dilemma）exists when a person is facedwith conflicting but ethical choices or alternatives that are neither entirely right nor entirely wrong; an ethical （lapse）occurs when a person makes an unethical choice15.（填空题）In the conventional communication process，senders_encode__ideas into messages,and receivers_decode_those messages to extract the ideas1.(单选题)下面哪一项能最准确地描述沟通在你的职业生涯中所扮演的角色?A.想法比什么都重要，所以只要你有创造力和很强的商业意识，你就可以雇人来处理沟通任务。

新媒体时代的跨文化商务沟通跨文化商务沟通课后答案【摘要】在商务活动中，拥有不同文化背景的人们通过某种特定的媒介相互传递着信息、思想、知识以及情感，这一过程被称为跨文化商务沟通。

新媒介与新技术的不断涌现，通过沟通媒体进行的跨文化商务沟通也因新媒体的介入进入了全新的时代。

新媒体的介入使得跨文化商务沟通呈现出新的特点。

【关键词】新媒体；跨文化；商务沟通一、跨文化商务沟通与媒体在商务活动中，拥有不同文化背景的人们通过某种特定的媒介相互传递着信息、思想、知识以及情感，这一过程被称为跨文化商务沟通。

?譹?訛随着经济全球化趋势的日益明显、国际商务活动的日益频繁，现代企业跨国经营中越来越显示出对多元文化理解的必要性和跨文化沟通的重要性。

可以说，跨文化商务沟通意味着直接的经济效益。

一个企业要想使自己的产品在国际市场上占有一席之地，一个跨国公司想在其他国家或地区取得经济效益，那就不仅需要具备雄厚的经济实力、发达的专业技术和高超的管理水平，而且需要深刻了解对象国的文化，建立起一套成熟完善的商务沟通体系，用以消除文化误解、化解文化冲突，来保证企业行为的顺利进行以及实现企业利益的最大化。

作为现代企业行为中一个至关重要的环节，商务沟通是通过媒体来实现的。

媒体是在传播者和接受者之间进行信息传递的工具。

不同媒体的使用决定了商务沟通不同的表现形式：口头沟通、书面沟通、网络沟通和非言语沟通等等。

传统的商务沟通媒体多为电话、电子邮件、信件、报告及面对面的交谈等形式。

不论是企业内部的共享信息、协调活动、感情交流，还是企业之间的信息收集、资源共享、协同合作，商务沟通都扮演着企业经营管理中不可替代的角色。

特别是随着现代经济活动国际化程度的加深，跨文化管理成为商务活动的重要内容，文化差异所带来的文化冲突要经过日常的文化交流与思想沟通才能消除。

跨文化商务沟通通过各种沟通媒体，克服文化隔阂产生的矛盾，解决文化差异，防止文化冲突，在企业跨文化经营管理中发挥着不可或缺的重要作用。

跨文化商务沟通_西南财经大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.在跨文化沟通中，人们认为本国各项条件最优，会容易导致沟通障碍。

另一种应对差异性的文化态度则是尊重东道国差异性，任用当地员工，这是跨文化沟通中的哪种态度？答案:多中心主义2.面对跨文化环境时能够理解其他文化非语言表达方式，并建立信任关系，这属于答案:社会资本3.韦纳归因理论不包含哪个原因？答案:周围环境4.在异国一段时间后，面临越来越多的文化差异，交通、不熟悉的食物、语言障碍等使旅居者思乡、沮丧，此时处于文化休克的哪一阶段？答案:危机期5.有时候人们在会话中违反合作原则以达到幽默、嘲讽、一语双关等效果。

A因为开车速度太快被警察拦下，A问道：“是我车速太快了吗？”，警察回答：“你只是飞的太低了。

” 这段对话违反了合作原则的哪一项？答案:质的准则6.语调可以表达不同的感情色彩，属于哪种非语言沟通方式？答案:副语言7.下列哪项不是女性沟通的特点？答案:谈话呈线性流动、目的明确8.外派人员归国后面临诸多问题，下列哪个不属于组织层面的解决方式？答案:开发利用人际关系网，与母国和母公司文化加强联系9.不同国家的人们问候方式不同，在哪个国家，人们习惯拥抱问候并通常会在对方后背上轻拍两下？答案:墨西哥10.在商务活动中，下列哪个国家不喜欢寒暄？答案:德国11.在哪国文化中，13日的星期五被认为是倒霉的一天？答案:美国12.下列哪个是低语境文化的特点？答案:强调言语沟通甚于非言语沟通13.商务信件中，（）通常用一种积极的写作方式来阐述负面消息，而这种行为方式会使美国的合作伙伴认为他有所隐瞒。

答案:日本人14.不同国家颜色有不同的含义，出席葬礼时，美国、日本、非洲国家倾向于什么颜色的服饰？答案:黑色、白色、红色15.哪个国家在商务活动中不注重守时？答案:阿拉伯16.文化冰山论中的显性部分主要指人们的暴露行为或者容易被人们观察到部分，比如行为习惯和语言等，是文化中更为重要的基础部分。

第一章1.The belief that your own cultural background, including ways of analyzingproblems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is superior.答案:ethnocentrism2.The total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions andcommunication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down throughthe generations in an identifiable group of people.答案:culture3. A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through acommon system of symbols, signs, or behavior, or the exchange of thoughts,messages, or information, as by speech, signals, writing, or behavior.答案:noise4.The communication is within business and administration, aiming at acommon objective and profits for both the individuals and organizations.答案:business communication5.The communication at the same level in an organization.答案:horizontalcommunication6.When culture is contrasted with nature, it can be defined as “ life way of apopulation” in its broad sense, meaning what characterizes the particularway of life of a population.答案:错7.Culture is all men’s medium; there is no aspect of human life that is nottouched and altered by culture.答案:对8.The culture shown in an onion consists of two levels; a level of norms andvalues, or an invisible level of resultant behavior or artifacts of some form.答案:错9.Culture cannot be known without a study of communication, andcommunication can only be understood with an understanding of the culture it supports.答案:对10.In the global village, neighbors communicate free of troubles and difficulties.答案:错11.With the integration of language into the fabric of culture, confusion anddysfunction would reign and the culture would fail.答案:错第二章1.Agood mastery of grammar of one language can guarantee a successfulcommunication.答案:错2.Long before writing was developed, welearned to speak first.答案:对3.There should always be an attachment at the end of a business memo.答案:错4.Arecommendation reportis torecommend something to others.答案:错5.Which is not verbal communication?答案:Greeting with a smile6.________ refers to anything that distorts the message the source encodes.答案:Noise7.It is a universal truth that language is ____ by culture and in turn it ______culture.答案:influenced, reflects8.Why should we take notes during a business call?答案:Report on the call tosomeone else;Listen attentively;Serves as a record to take follow-up action 9.How can you identify your audience in preparing a business presentation?答案:Interest;Occupation;Age10.Before making a business call, what kind of questions can you reflect? 答案:Do you need to get information?;Do you want to sell something, orconvince the person of an idea?;Do you need to ask for the person’s help orsupport?第三章1.Nonverbal behavior reflects t he speaker’s subconciousness.答案:对2.Depending on the culture, a smilecan indicate joy and amusement, it can alsoindicate embarrassment.答案:对3.Posture is the position in which you hold your body when standing or sitting.答案:对4.Intimatedistance is most common when friends, old classmates,acquaintances and relatives talk.答案:错5.People in ______ cultures usually view silence as lack of communication andare generally ________ with it.答案:low context uncomfortable6.Which of the following countries uses high-context language?答案:Japan7.The function of nonverbal signs is sometimes indispensible. For example,placing your index finger to your lips as an alternative to saying “Please calm down so that I can speak” is a case of ________.答案:substituting8.Which statements are correct about nonverbal communication?答案:Nonverbal behavior accounts for much of the meaning we derive fromconversation.;Nonverbal communication is more than the complement ofverbal communication.;Asmilesometimesdoesn’t mea n a sincere smile9.How does nonverbal behavior control the pace or flow of communication?答案:Gestureof stopping;Raise voice;Clap hands;Be silent10.Which of the countries belong to individualistic culture?答案:America;Italy;France第四章1.Power distance is a conceptual was developed by Hofstede to describe答案:the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations andinstitutions accept and expect that power is distributed unequally2.Hofstede’s _____ index measures the extent to which the less powerfulmembers of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally.答案:power distance3.These are the most significant studies of cultural values except _______.答案:Fons Trompenars’s model of culture with seven dimensions4.The opinion that everyone has a position and clearly defined privileges is____.答案:a view of hierarchical structure of social relationship5.Low-context communication is characterized by explicit speaking.答案:对6.Chinese culture is high-context in comparison to western culture.答案:对7.Cultures with a large power distance are hierarchical cultures.答案:对8.At the core of uncertainty avoidance is the idea that the future is predictable.答案:错9.Power distance in Hofstede's cultural dimensions is roughly similar to thevalue Kluckhohncalls hierarchy.答案:错10.In a culture emphasizing masculinity, it is more possible for men to play anurturing role.答案:错第五章1.Etiquette is simply showing respect for others. 答案:错2.Etiquette refers to the guideline for knowing how to behave appropriately inall situations.答案:对3.Kiss greeting usually happen between two men in the United States.答案:错4.It’s OK to write on someone’s business card.答案:错5. A handshake should be friendly or respectful gesture, not a show of physicalstrength. So we should not squeeze other’s hand too hard.答案:对6.Before a dish is served, napkins can be placed either on the plate or on theleft of forks. 答案:对7.You’re invited to a business dinner. When do you take your napkin from thetable and place it on your lap? 答案:Wait for the host to take his or hernapkin before taking yours.8.Which of the following behavior is appropriate in a business dinner?答案:Usethe knife with your right hand.;Sip from the side of the spoon when eatingsoup.9.What are the benefits of humor in the workplace? 答案:Humor can help solveproblems.;Humor can reduce stress.;Humor can block negativeemotions.;Humor can help people develop rapport with each other.10.In many Asian countries, the way you treat someone’s business card is areflection of:答案:What you think of their country.;How much you respectthem as a person.;company and title.;How serious you are about the outcome of the meeting.第六章1.Insome high-context cultures, public display of emotionsis a sign ofimmaturity and a potential cause of shame to the group.答案:对2.Whether an international business negotiation succeeds or not is not onlydetermined by the strategies and skills used in formal negotiation, but alsoclosely related to whether enough careful preparation has been made.答案:对3.In the opening phase, the atmosphere is the only factor we should consider.答案:错4.Bargaining strength refers to the degree of movement that is possible foreach party with respect to individual issues on the agenda.答案:错5.In some Asian cultures, they will use communication to encourage harmony,preserve face, and develop ________relationships.答案:Long-term6.The purpose of bargaining is to settle the differences that stand in the way ofan agreement. Settling the differences involves ________.答案:adjustment and compromise7.The proposal should be based on a sound analysis of the buyer’s currentsituation, taking into account of ________ and ________ within which thetransaction takes place.答案:the commercial circumstances, the overallcontext8.Differences in ________,________,and ________have a profound impact on howsuccessfully the parties are able to negotiate or conduct businesstransactions.答案:Behaving;Managing conflict;Ways of thinking9.The political system, ________, and the counterpart may in some waydetermine the success or failure of the negotiation. 答案:The legalsystem ;The business system ;The financial system;Infrastructure andlogistics system10.The specific tasks of the opening phase are concluded:答案:To state proposalin opening phase;To declare for our intention;To explain the concreteissue;To create suitable atmosphere。