内容摘要
电动助力转向( Electric Power Steering, 简称EPS) 作为一种新型转向系统, 因其具有节能、环保等优点而受到世界各大汽车公司和企业的青睐, 它将逐步取代传统的液压助力转向系统(Hydraulic Power Steering, 简称HPS) 。
本文以传统的转向柱助力式EPS 为研究对象, 建立EPS系统数学模型,给出了汽车电动助力系统的动力学方程。根据电动助力转向系统的工作原理及控制器可靠设计的关键技术，设计了以P87C591 单片机为主控单元的EPS系统，系统采用闭环电流控制方案, 利用目标电流技术调节电机端电压达到控制电机电流力矩的目的。EPS 控制器采用模块化设计，把信号处理电路和功率驱动电路进行分层设计,以增强系统的抗干扰能力和可靠性。在进行PWM 驱动频率的选择时，考虑开关时电流脉峰对开关管及电动机安全的影响。最后通过研究分析了EPS系统的经济性、系统硬件电路板空间与发热功耗及可靠性合理地选择散热片及其参数,提高了驱动效率和稳定运行能力。
实验表明, 该系统具有良好的电动助力特性, 满足电动助力转向要求,证明了这种系统在实际应用中的有效性。
关键词
电动助力转向; 单片机; H桥驱动; PWM斩波; 控制系统
Hardware Design of the Electric Power Assisted Steering System
050607337 Zhangqiang Instructor：Helinlin Associate professor
Abstract
Electric power steering is a new power steering technology for vehicles. Merit such as energy conservation , environmental protection that the person has accepts the respectively big automobiles of world company and the enterprise favour , home and abroad developing trend is to use electric power-assistance to change to the hydraulic pressure power-assistance vergence substituting tradition step by step.
The mathematic model the main body of a book is established systematically with dyadic EPS of the tradition vergence post
power-assistance for the object of study,has given an automobile out electric systematic power-assistance dynamics equation , has combined classics control theory and the optimization algorithm, the parameter carries out validity in applying to reality having studied , testifying this system on systematic power-assistance.
This paper presents an elect ricpower steering system controlled by
P87C591 microp rocessor. The motor given torque is computed by expertcontrol system. The practical output torque is closed-loop controlled.
The working principle and key technologies for reliable design of EPS controller were analyzed.The signal processing circuit and the power drive circuit were hierarchically designed to improve theanti jamming capability and reliability. The PWM frequency was selected considering the influence of switching currentpulse on the safety of the transistors and the motor should be taken into account . Besides paralleled for the economy , the heat dissipation and the reliability.It srelevant parameters were selected to improve the drive efficiency and the stableoperation capability.
The results of the experiment show thesystem designed has good steering characteristics and meets the request of electric power steering.
Key words
Electric Power Steering; Microprocessor; The bridge drives H ;PWM chopped wave; Control System
