HND 商务沟通outcome 3 planning notes

Index pageIndex page⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.. ⋯. Introduction⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.Background ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.. ⋯FindingsSection 1⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯Section 2⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯Section 3⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯Conclusion⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.. Reference ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.IntroductionBackgroundSSP plc is a company operating in the food manufacturing industry. It is engaged in food processing, supplying all the main supermarket chains with first class process meat products. During the last few years the company has been difficult because of the BSE and Foot and Mouth disease made adeclining demand for meat product. The bad outstanding achievement stopped in 2004 and a partial rebound in the market produced an increase in turnover by nearly 15%. It is expected that thisrebound in the market will gather momentum over the coming year and the SSP plc is planning totake even greater strides forward by opening a new processing plant in Glasgow.As requested in the chiefexecutive s ’memo of 30 December, here is my report summarisingand analysising the financial position of the SSP plc for the year 2003 and 2004.OutlineThe main body of the report will evaluate five parts:Part 1--- Analyze the users of financial information and the purpose of using.Part 2--- State of financial source and categorize with their characteristics.Part 3---Explain the cash flow statement of SSP plc.Analyze the recent financial performance and position of the SSP plc.(Including my recommendations about how to improvement of business performance) FindingsSection 1. Users of financial accounts.Users of financial statements are a group of people or organizations who use the information tomake evaluations and decisions. Users of financial information can be divided into two categories:internal and external users.Now, I will use a table to show you the users’ purpose and sources of information they use to g statements.Section 2. Source of financesTo run a business, organizations require finance for different proposes and for varying lengths of time. In the finance, we divide sources of capital into two categories: equity capital and loan capital. Equity capital is the finance provided by the owner and there is no interest to pay. Loan capitalrefers to money that is borrowed from a source outside the business. The interest of loan capitalmust be paid. Sources of finances could be clarified into short, medium and long term. The short-term refers to finance that are borrowed for a period of no more than one year. The medium-term refers to funds that are borrowed for a period of between two and ten years. Long-term refers tofunds that are borrowed for a period of more than ten years.In the case study, the source of finances of SSP plc is: trade creditors, tax, bank overdraft, debentures, ordinary share capital and the retained profits from last account period.Short-term sources:1.Trade creditors:Trade creditors are produced when the purchase of raw materials or stock is delaying to pay, thus, there is more cash which would be used for other uses. There is also an interest free way ofraising finance. However, the credit could lead to poor relations with suppliers and the customers may forfeit discounts.The credit is 544,000￡ in 2003 and it decreased to 405,000 in￡2004. The percentage of decrease is25.56%. The decrease of credit infers that SSP plc has a good financial situation that it has a strongability to pay credits back to suppliers. This could improve the relationship with suppliers.2.Bank overdraft:Bank account holders can prearrange with the bank to draw cheques to a greater value thanthe actual balance in the account. Interest should be paid by customers and bank charges will apply where an overdraft limit has been exceeded. Bank overdraft is flexible and cheap. It has a low cost. Some small bank overdraft even has a free of charge.SSP plc had no overdraft but the number increased to 86,000 in 2004￡. The increase shows that the company borrowed money from bank for its expansion in Glasgow.Long-term sources:1.Debentures:Debentures are loans make to companies that carry a fixed rate of interest. The company assets normally secure debentures. Debentures have a fixed time period or an open time period. The shareholders are not debenture holders. A debenture interest is paid as an expense not an appropriation of profit.SSP plc has a fixed debenture ( ￡1,560,000) in the year of 2003 and 2004. It tells us thecompany’ s fixed assets are steady.2.Ordinary shares:Ordinary shareholders receiving pay-outs from company after preference shareholders are paid.Ordinary share dividends are not fixed and subject to company’ periodicals performances and decisions of management in paying dividend.In SSP Company, the ordinary share capital is 1,950,000 in￡both 2003 and 2004. It infers that the company has a steady operation situation.3.Retained ProfitsThe retained profit is the finance brought from the last financial period. It is not fixed andmay be a negative number. It presents operational situation of last period.The retained profits decreased from 505,000 to￡ 420,000￡. The percentage change ofdecrease is 16.83%. The lower ratio shows us the company had made fewer profits in 2003 then it was in 2002.Section 3. Ratio Analysis1.Major inflows is Net cash flow operating activates of 1,345,000.￡Major outflow is Payments to acquire fixed assets, which takes 984,000.￡2.Ratio AnalysisProfitability Ratios:Gross Profit Percentage=Gross profit/Turnover x 100% 2003: GPP= ￡7,000,000/ 11,674,000￡ x 100%=59.96%2004: GPP= ￡8,037,000/ 13,382,000￡ x 100%=60.06%Analysis: The increase of ratio is a good sign. The positive trend can be an indication that stock control of meat product has improved, demand for the meat product has increased after the diseases, or purchasing policies have improved. The managers should keep the good trend and go on develop it, such as improving marketing strategy, setting better pricing policy, or improving stock control.Net Profit Percentage=Net Profit before Taxation/ Turnover x 100%2003: NPP= ￡1,182,000/ 11,674,000￡ x 100%=10.13%2004: NPP= ￡901,000/ 13,382,000￡ x 100%=6.73%Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease of the ratio is a bad sign that it indicates a low profit of the company. From the P&L Account of the SSP plc, we know that although the gross profit increased, the operation cost is much higher in 2004; it leads to a decreasein net profit. So the managers should think about how to decrease our operation cost to help our company earn more profit.Liquidity Ratios:Current Ratio=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities2003: CR= ￡1,195,000/ 767,000=1￡.562004: CR= ￡1,248,000/ 701,000=1￡.78Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: the increase of ratio is a good sign. Generally speaking a healthy current ratio is at least 2:1. The 1.56 and 1.78 indicate the company is a little bit over trading and have difficulty in meeting its short-term debts. The main reason for the increase is the increase in the total current assets and decrease in the total current liabilities. I suggest that the company may keep more profit for the short-term debts.The Acid Test Ratio=Liquid Assets/Current Liabilities2003: ( 1,195,000￡- 608,000)/￡ 767,000=0￡.772004: ( 1,248,000￡- 796,000)/￡ 701,000=0￡.64Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease is a bad sign. The ratio should be 1:1. But the ratio in both of 2003 and2004 is less that 1. And unfortunately, the ratio is still decreasing. SSP plc meets a liquidityproblem that the liquid assets decrease.The company managers should pay attention to thisratio and organization’ s development.Efficiency Ratios:Fixed Asset Turnover=Turnover/Fixed Assets2003: 11,674,000/￡ 4,017,000=2￡.91 times2004: 13,382,000/￡ 4,318,000=3￡.10 timesTrend: IncreaseAnalysis: Where this ratio gas increase, this is a good sign. It indicates that the existing fixedassets are generating more sales and maybe investment in new fixed assets gas could bebeen paid off. Managers of SSP plc should develop and focus on it.Debtors Collection Period=Debtors/Turnover x 3652003: 306,000/￡ 11,674,000￡ x 365=9.57 days2004: 452,000/￡ 13,382,000￡ x 365=12.33 daysTrend: IncreaseAnalysis: It is a bad sign that there is an increase in DCP. It indicates that SSP’ s may have apoor credit control of poor invoicing system. The bad debts may also increase. The leaders ofSSP should check their invoicing and reminder system to keep the ratio a proper range.Investment Ratios:Interest Cover=Profit Before Interest & Tax/Interest Charges2003: 1,416,000/￡ 234,000=6￡.052004: 1,135,000/￡ 234,000=4￡.85Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: This ratio shows how capable the company is of covering its interest charges. Thedecrease is not good because the company is less able to meet its interest payments. But theratio is still in a reasonable range. Leaders should try to increase company’ s pro ratio a high level.Debt Ratio=Total Debts/Total Assets x 100%2003: ( 767,000+￡￡1,560,000)/( 4,017,000+￡ 1,195,000)￡ x 100%=44.65%2004: ( 701,000+￡￡1,560,000)/( 4,318,000+￡ 1,248,000)￡ x 100%=40.62%Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: It is a good sign that the ratio increased. However, a healthy ratio should keep around 50%. It indicates that SSP has fewer liabilities or keeps more assets. The sign should be kept by managers.3.RecommendationAfter reading and analyzing three accounts from SSP Company, I found some problems with it and now I will present my suggestions about the future management in these two parts.Operational recommendationA ratio of Net Profit Percentage shows us that SSP plc has a high expenditure in operation cost.It also indicates that the company has a low level of cost control. Therefore, I suggest that SSP should try to decrease the costs of sales and the operation cost, such as adopting newmanagement system and using contractors to find distribution channels but to find them itself.Financial recommendationFor the source of finance, SSP has a bad performance of financial operating. In the Cash Flow Statement, the Financing is ￡0, but the company is planning expansion in Glasgow. The main inflow of the company is the sales. It is a dangerous phenomenon if the company wants to use the turnover to expanse its business because it is impossible to use the current cash to support long-term investment. So I suggest that the company may increase the number of share capital or make more debentures to get more long-term capital for expansion.ConclusionBy analyzing the P&L Account, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Statement, we can infer that SSP plc has a good operational performance. However, there are still many parts to improve and develop to help the company maximize profits.ReferenceRay H. Garrison, Managerial Accounting, Business Publications Inc., 1985, Printed in U.S.A.J.R.DYSON, Accounting for Non-accounting Students, Financial Times, 2004, Printed inGreat Britain.Frank Wood & Alan Sangster, Business Accounting 2, Financial Times, Pitman Publishing, 1999, Printed in China.。

.word 可编辑 .Index pageIndex page⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.. Introduction⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.Background ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.. FindingsSection 1⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯Section 2⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯Section 3⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯Conclusion⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯Reference⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..word 可编辑 .IntroductionBackgroundSSP plc is a company operating in the food manufacturing industry. It is engaged in food processing, supplying all the main supermarket chains with first class process meat products. During the last few years the company has been difficult because of the BSE andFoot and Mouth disease made a declining demand for meat product. The bad outstanding achievement stopped in 2004 and a partial rebound in the market produced an increase in turnover by nearly 15%. It is expected that this rebound in the market will gather momentum over the coming year and the SSP plc is planning to take even greater strides forward by opening a new processing plant in Glasgow.As requested in the chief executive s memo’ of 30 December, here is my reportsummarising and analysising the financial position of the SSP plc for the year 2003 and2004.OutlineThe main body of the report will evaluate five parts:Part 1--- Analyze the users of financial information and the purpose of using.Part 2--- State of financial source and categorize with their characteristics.Part 3---Explain the cash flow statement of SSP plc.Analyze the recent financial performance and position of the SSP plc.(Including my recommendations about how to improvement of business performance).word 可编辑 .FindingsSection ers of financial accounts.Users of financial statements are a group of people or organizations who use the information to make evaluations and decisions. Users of financial information can bedivided into two categories: internal and external users.Now, I will use a table to show you the users’ purpose and sources of information to get the statements.Section 2.Source of financesTo run a business, organizations require finance for different proposes and for varyinglengths of time. In the finance, we divide sources of capital into two categories: equitycapital and loan capital. Equity capital is the finance provided by the owner and there is nointerest to pay. Loan capital refers to money that is borrowed from a source outside thebusiness. The interest of loan capital must be paid. Sources of finances could be clarifiedinto short, medium and long term. The short-term refers to finance that are borrowed fora period of no more than one year. The medium-term refers to funds that are borrowed fora period of between two and ten years. Long-term refers to funds that are borrowed for aperiod of more than ten years.In the case study, the source of finances of SSP plc is: trade creditors, tax, bank overdraft, debentures, ordinary share capital and the retained profits from last account period..word 可编辑 .Short-term sources:1.Trade creditors:Trade creditors are produced when the purchase of raw materials or stock is delaying topay, thus, there is more cash which would be used for other uses. There is also aninterest free way of raising finance. However, the credit could lead to poor relationswith suppliers and the customers may forfeit discounts.The credit is￡544,000 in 2003 and it decreased to he percentage￡405,000ofin 2004. T decrease is 25.56%. The decrease of credit infers that SSP plc has a good financialsituation that it has a strong ability to pay credits back to suppliers. This could improvethe relationship with suppliers.2.Bank overdraft:Bank account holders can prearrange with the bank to draw cheques to a greater valuethan the actual balance in the account. Interest should be paid by customers and bankcharges will apply where an overdraft limit has been exceeded. Bank overdraft is flexibleand cheap. It has a low cost. Some small bank overdraft even has a free of charge.SSP plc had no overdraft but the number increased to￡86,000 in 2004. The shows that the company borrowed money from bank for its expansion in Glasgow.Long-term sources:1.Debentures:Debentures are loans make to companies that carry a fixed rate of interest.Thecompany ’fixeds assets normally secure debentures. Debentures have a fixed timeperiod or an open time period. The shareholders are not debenture holders.Adebenture interest is paid as an expense not an appropriation of profit.SSP plc has a fixed debenture (￡1,560,000) in the year of 2003 and 2004. It tells us the company ’ s fixed assets are steady.2.Ordinary shares:Ordinary shareholders receiving pay-outs from company after preference shareholdersare paid. Ordinary share dividends are not fixed and subject to companyperformances and decisions of management in paying dividend.In SSP Company, the ordinary share capital is￡1,950,000and in2004both.It2003infers that the company has a steady operation situation.3. Retained ProfitsThe retained profit is the finance brought from the last financial period. It is not fixedand may be a negative number. It presents operational situation of last period.The retained profits decreased from 505,000￡ to420,000￡. The percentage change ofdecrease is 16.83%. The lower ratio shows us the company had made fewer profits in2003 then it was in 2002.Section 3. Ratio Analysis1.Major inflows is Net cash flow op erating activates of￡ 1,345,000.Major outflow is Payments to acquire fixed assets, which takes￡ 984, 2.Ratio AnalysisProfitability Ratios:Gross Profit Percentage=Gross profit/Turnover x 100%2003: GPP=￡ 7,000,000/￡ 11,674,000 x59100.96%=2004: GPP=￡ 8,037,000/￡ 13,382,000 x60100.06%=Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: The increase of ratio is a good sign. The positive trend can be an indicationthat stock control of meat product has improved, demand for the meat product has increased after the diseases, or purchasing policies have improved. The managers should keep the good trend and go on develop it, such as improving marketing strategy, setting better pricing policy, or improving stock control.Net Profit Percentage=Net Profit before Taxation/ Turnover x 100%2003: NPP=￡ 1,182,000/￡ 11,674,000 x10100.13%=2004: NPP=￡ 901,000/￡ 13,382,000 x 6100.73%=Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease of the ratio is a bad sign that it indicates a low profit of the company. From the P&L Account of the SSP plc, we know that although the grossprofit increased, the operation cost is much higher in 2004; it leads to a decrease innet profit. So the managers should think about how to decrease our operation cost tohelp our company earn more profit.Liquidity Ratios:Current Ratio=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities.word 可编辑 .2003: CR=￡ 1,195,000/￡ 767,000=1.562004: CR=￡ 1,248,000/￡ 701,000=.78Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: the increase of ratio is a good sign. Generally speaking a healthy current ratiois at least 2:1. The 1.56 and 1.78 indicate the company is a little bit over trading andhave difficulty in meeting its short-term debts. The main reason for the increase is the increase in the total current assets and decrease in the total current liabilities.I suggest that the company may keepmore profit for the short-term debts.The Acid Test Ratio=Liquid Assets/Current Liabilities2003: (￡ 1,195,000-￡608,000)/￡ 767,000=.772004: (￡ 1,248,000-￡796,000)/￡ 701,000=.64Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease is a bad sign. The ratio should be 1:1. But the ratio in both of2003 and 2004 is less that 1. And unfortunately, the ratio is still decreasing. SSP plcmeets a liquidity problem that the liquid assets decrease. The company managersshould pay attention to this ratio and organizatio n ’ s development.Efficiency Ratios:Fixed Asset Turnover=Turnover/Fixed Assets2003:￡ 11,674,000/￡ 4,017,000=2.91 times2004:￡ 13,382,000/￡ 4,318,000=.10times.word 可编辑 .Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: Where this ratio gas increase, this is a good sign. It indicates that the existingfixed assets are generating more sales and maybe investment in new fixed assets gascould be been paid off. Managers of SSP plc should develop and focus on it.Debtors Collection Period=Debtors/Turnover x 3652003:￡ 306,000/￡11,674,000 9x.57365=days2004:￡ 452,000/￡13,382,000 12x365=.33daysTrend: IncreaseAnalysis: It is a bad sign that there is an increase in DCP. It indicates that SSP’ s m have a poor credit control of poor invoicing system. The bad debts may also increase.The leaders of SSP should check their invoicing and reminder system to keep the ratioa proper range.Investment Ratios:Interest Cover=Profit Before Interest & Tax/Interest Charges2003:￡ 1,416,000/￡ 234,000=6.052004:￡ 1,135,000/￡ 234,000=.85Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: This ratio shows how capable the company is of covering its interest charges.The decrease is not good because the company is less able to meet its interest payments. But the ratio is still in a reasonable range. Leaders should try to increasecompany ’ s profit to keep this ratio a high level..word 可编辑 .Debt Ratio=Total Debts/Total Assets x 100%2003: (￡ 767,000+￡ 1,560,0(￡4,017,000+0)/ ￡1,195,000) x 100%=44.65%2004: (￡ 701,000+￡ 1,560,000)/(￡4,318,000+ ￡1,248,000) x 100%=40.62%Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: It is a good sign that the ratio increased. However, a healthy ratio shouldkeep around 50%. It indicates that SSP has fewer liabilities or keeps more assets. Thesign should be kept by managers.3.RecommendationAfter reading and analyzing three accounts from SSP Company, I found some problemswith it and now I will present my suggestions about the future management in thesetwo parts.Operational recommendationA ratio of Net Profit Percentage shows us that SSP plc has a high expenditure inoperation cost. It also indicates that the company has a low level of cost control.Therefore, I suggest that SSP should try to decrease the costs of sales and theoperation cost, such as adopting new management system and using contractors tofind distribution channels but to find them itself.Financial recommendationFor the source of finance, SSP has a bad performance of financial operating. In the CashFlow Statement, the Financing is￡0, but the company is planning expansion in Glasgo The main inflow of the company is the sales. It is a dangerous phenomenon if the.word 可编辑 .company wants to use the turnover to expanse its business because it is impossible touse the current cash to support long-term investment. So I suggest that the companymay increase the number of share capital or make more debentures to get more long-term capital for expansion.ConclusionBy analyzing the P&L Account, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Statement, we can infer thatSSP plc has a good operational performance. However, there are still many parts to improve and develop to help the company maximize profits.ReferenceRay H. Garrison, Managerial Accounting, Business Publications Inc., 1985, Printed inU.S.A.J.R.DYSON, Accounting for Non-accounting Students, Financial Times, 2004, Printed in Great Britain.Frank Wood & Alan Sangster, Business Accounting 2, Financial Times,Pitman Publishing, 1999, Printed in China.。

HND商务沟通技巧报告商务沟通是指在商业环境中，通过口头或书面交流方式传递信息和想法，并达成共识的过程。

商务沟通技巧是指在商务交流过程中，能够有效传达信息和理解对方意图的技巧和方法。

在商务活动中，良好的沟通技巧对于建立良好的工作关系、解决问题和达到共同目标都起着至关重要的作用。

因此，本文将从以下几个方面介绍商务沟通的技巧和方法。

首先，要做到有效的商务沟通，语言表达能力是非常重要的一点。

在商务交流中，明确、简洁、准确地表达自己的意图是至关重要的。

避免使用过于专业化或技术性的词汇，让对方能够轻松理解你的意思。

另外，使用积极的语言和积极的措辞也是非常重要的。

积极的语言能够增强沟通双方的合作意愿，促进问题的解决和决策的达成。

其次，要注意非语言沟通的技巧。

在商务交流中，非语言沟通占据了很大的比重。

通过身体语言、面部表情、姿势等方式来传递信息和理解对方的意图。

例如，保持良好的姿势和身体语言，可以显示出自信和专业的形象，增强自己的说服力。

另外，还要注意听取对方的意见和观点，使用肢体语言和面部表情来展示自己的倾听和尊重。

此外，要注意语境的适应能力。

商务沟通技巧的另一个重要方面是能够适应不同的语境和情境。

在商务环境中，可能会面对不同的人群、不同国家或地区的文化差异。

因此，了解对方的文化和价值观念，并尊重这些差异是非常重要的。

在沟通中，注意使用适当的礼仪和俗语，避免冒犯对方。

另外，还要注意时间管理，确保沟通的效率和顺畅。

最后，建立良好的人际关系也是商务沟通的关键。

在商务环境中，人际关系的好坏直接影响着工作效果和合作氛围。

因此，要建立良好的人际关系，需要积极倾听对方的意见和需求，尊重对方的观点和决策，并及时回应对方的需求或问题。

另外，要保持积极的态度和负责任的工作态度，积极解决和处理冲突，建立互信和合作的关系。

在总结上述内容之后，可以得出商务沟通技巧的三个要点：良好的语言表达能力，准确的非语言沟通技巧和灵活的适应能力。

Case Study 11List the main business organizations recognized by Scots Law.知识点：商务组织的分类思路：先说出商务组织分为三大类：sole trader, partnership, company然后partnership具体说有三种:Ordinary/traditional/unlimited partnership 最后说company 具体分为private limited company 和public limited company来源：B5小本资料P272~2732Given the fact that Lisa will be running the business herself and, for the time being, she is unlikely to be employing anyone, how would you classify her business?知识点：sole trader的特点思路：回答问题说Lisa应该建立sole trader,然后解释原因：建立sole trader不需要double taxation、启动资金少、不需要政府相关部门审批等原因打乱写3Identify two advantages and two disadvantages of the type of business organization run by Lisa.知识点：Sole trader的优点和缺点最好是四个优点加四个缺点来源：B5小本资料P272或者A4材料1 P1〜P3推荐用这个材料答案更清晰一下每个优缺点下面有三句解释随机选择一个来写解释上面的小标题Case Study 21What are the main differences between a traditional partnership and a limited liability partnership?知识点：无限合伙人（Unlimited partnership UP & limited liability partnership LLP）和有限责任合伙人之间的区别思路：1,法案不同UP: the Partnership Act 1890 （在A4 材料 1 P287） LLP： The limited liability partnership Act 20002.责任不同UP: Unlimited liability LLP: limited liability3.合伙人名称不同UP: Partners LLP: members4.设立条件不同：UP: there are no formal legal requirements for setting up a partnership LLP: forming an LLP is more expensive and complicated than setting up a unlimited partnership （书上原话记得更改语序等）5.UP: partnership agreement is no necessary to have. LLP: LLP agreement is necessary/must.6.UP: not necessary to reveal LLP: have to/must reveal financial information来源：2版书P198〜P201、3版书P209〜P213；再加上课堂笔记；B5小本资料P290以上6个不同点，随机选四个去答打乱顺序改变语序2What is the main advantage for an existing partnership when it changes to a limited liability partnership?知识点：从无限责任更改成有限责任的最主要的好处是责任的改变思路：回答问题说明最主要的好处是责任的不同然后具体说明两个partnership的责任上有什么不同之处UP:责任是unlimited liability并且是无限连带责任（2版书P199第二段第四行到第六行；3版书P210倒数第三行到P211第一行）LLP:责任是limited liability是因投资额为限（2版书P200倒数第四段全部；3版书P212 第三段全部）3What is the nature of the legal relationship between partners in a firm and members of a limited liability partnership?知识点：法律关系是诚心关系fiduciary relationship思路：回答问题the nature of the legal relationship is fiduciary relationship,然后说partner 代表的是公司和合伙人member代表的是只是公司先例：（A4 资料1P9 中间部分）Law v Law [1905] 1 Ch 140来源：A4资料1P9Case Study 31What is a company9s objects clause?知识点：公司备忘思objects clause的概念（A4资料2 P2总共有两个概念2选1或者写书上的2版P229 倒数第三段3版P241倒数第四段）然后写ultra vires （和公司备忘的概念在同一处）来源：A4资料2 P2、2版书P229倒数第三段3版P241倒数第四段2Does MacGregor have the right to withdraw from the project with Construct it?知识点：Ultra vires rule思路：回答问题：没有权利取消；在现代条款，在不违反法律的前提下，公司经营范围是无限制的；法案是the Company Act 1989&2006； ultra vires rule没意义没有权限限制；Macgregor很难胜诉协议继续履行在历史上有一个old ultra vires rule越权无效原则；写出这个的概念（A4资料2 P3或2版P229 3版P241）；如果法官参照这个原则那么这个project可以被withdraw；但是这是案例法成文法优先于案例法所以法官需要参照成文法MacGregor很难诉赢先例：A4 资料 2 P3-----------------------------------Ashbury Railway Carriage & Iron Co. V. Riche （1875）来源：A4资料2P3； 2版P229、3版P2413Will the legal action by MacGregor shareholders be successful so that the company will be forced to pay out the expected bonuses?知识点：公司章程思路：回答问题：股东不能要求公司进行分红；根据公司章程，股东没有绝对的权利分红; 公司章程的性质是合同，是公司和股东之间&股东和股东之间的合同；股东没有绝对权利要求分红，公司可以不分红，并没有违约先例：Wood v Odessa Waterworks Co （1889）或者Hickman v Kent or Romney Marsh Sheep Breeders Association [1915]二选一（2 版P237> 3 版P250）来源：2版P237、3版P250Case Study 41List three differences between a private company and a public company知识点：两种公司的区别思路：最好列出4个区别至少3个随机选择来源：A4资料2 P1~P2； B5小本资料P309-P3102Can people simply decide to set up any kind of company and begin to trade immediately?知识点：公司设立的条件思路：回答问题：不能自己决定成立公司并且立刻交易；公司不能自己成立，公司成立需要进行注册；公司成立的5步骤；来源：2版P226, 3版P2383What kind of legal status is a company said to have?知识点：公司的法律地位思路：公司的法律地位是legal entity加上legal personality;公司是一个与其股东相分离的独立的法人；先例：Salomon v A Salomon & Co Ltd 1897 （2 版P217~P218、3 版P229-P230）（判决部分从第二段的第六行“However,^后面写到这段结束）来源：2 版P216~P218、3 版P228-P2304What management body is responsible for the day-to-day running of a company?知识点：公司谁responsible思路：Ltd 是所有股东responsible； Pic 是all employee responsible; employee 其中分为managers 和directors5What is the most common type of liability for company members?知识点：公司股东的责任思路：普遍的责任类型是有限责任；限于股东的出资额和股数；来源：2 版P200+P230, 3 版P212+P242注：1. 2版书和3版书得区别在封皮右上角2.A4材料1指材料开头有四行加粗的标题3.A4 材料2 指材料开头为Private limited company vs. Public limited company。

Case 11The main business organization recognized by scot law are: sole trader, partnership, p rivate limited company, public limited company.2Lisa do a small business so only have herself. So it is sole trader. Sole trader is someone who manages by herself and owns the business. The can take all benefits but also need face all the losses. Indeed, if the sole trader becomes insolvent his personal assets can be used to satisfy her creditors e.g. house, car etc. she is personally liable for all business debts i.e. they have unlimited liability.To set up as a sole trader does not require any formalities. They need not make any business information public.3Advantages:Sole trader is independence for ownerSole trader is Personal contact between business and customers Disadvantages:Sole trader is unlimited liabilitySole trader’s scale is difficult to expand because of limited capitalCase 21The piece of legislation which governs partnerships is the partnership Act 1890. the limited liability partnership Act 2000.Partnership have unlimited liability in respect partnership debts.Limited liability partnership members enjoy limited in respect of limited liability partnership debts traditional partnership is unincorporated body, Limited liability partnership is corporate body2The interests of limited liability is that person do not have to repay company debt.3Trust relationship. pillan brother V pillans. The court held that made in this business he had to account to the partnership for the profits.Case 31Objects of the company is outlining what type of work the company will be participat e in and can lawfully do. If it needed, staffs can change the objects clause after format ion by special resolution. The company terms should have reason, otherwise the comp any activities is invalid。

HND商务信息与通信技术-Outcome3 1.The main tasks and the subtasks for ICT’s survey projectTask Name1 Survey Planning1.1 Identify the objective1.2 Drafts the questionnaire1.3 To pre-test the questionnaire1.4 Produce the final questionnaire2 Survey the cities2.1 Survey in Edinburgh2.2 Survey in Glasgow2.3 Survey in Paisley2.4 Survey in Stirling2.5 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters3 Analyze the questionnaires3.1 Analyze the Survey from Edinburgh3.2 Analyze the Survey from Glasgow3.3 Analyze the Survey from Paisley3.4 Analyze the Survey from Stirling3.5 Compare Survey Result3.6 Identify the Key Trend4 Produce a survey report4.1 Draft the report4.2 Edit The Report4.3 Produce The Final Report4.4 Executive Summary4.5 Completed Report5 Produce a presentation of the survey report5.1 Create Presentation5.2 Review Presentation6 Present Presentation5.3 To present to senior managers5.4 To present to branch managers5.5 To present to team leaders5.6 Presentation Complete2. The duration of each of the subtasksTask Name1 Survey Planning1.1 Identify the objective 1 day1.2 Drafts the questionnaire 5 days1.3 To pre-test the questionnaire 6 days1.4 Produce the final questionnaire 2 days2 Survey the cities 34 days2.1 Survey in Edinburgh 10 days2.2 Survey in Glasgow 102.3 Survey in Paisley 92.4 Survey in Stirling 52.5 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters3 0 Analyze the questionnaires 38 days3.1 Analyze the Survey from Edinburgh 93.2 Analyze the Survey from Glasgow 83.3 Analyze the Survey from Paisley 73.4 Analyze the Survey from Stirling 43.5 Compare Survey Result 53.6 Identify the Key Trend 54 Produce a survey report 25 days4.1 Draft the report 114.2 Edit The Report 54.3 Produce The Final Report 64.4 Executive Summary 14.5 Completed Report 05 Produce a presentation of the survey report 65.1 Create Presentation 55.2 Review Presentation 16 Present Presentation 35.3 To present to senior managers 15.4 To present to branch managers 15.5 To present to team leaders 15.6 Presentation Complete 03. The project milestonesMilestones are: Important events during the duration of the project when reviews of time, cost and quality are carried out. Milestones are activities that must take place by a certain date. Milestones are set so you can measure your performance against your objective.4. The milestones in ICT’s survey projectThe milestones in ICT’s survey project are that:2.5 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters34.5 Completed Report5.6 Presentation Complete5. The dependencies between tasksID Task Name Predecessor1 Market Survey2 Survey Planning3 Determine Survey Objectives4 Draft Questionnaire 35 Pre-test Questionnaire 46 Produce Final Questionnaire 57 Complete the Survey 28 Survey in Edinburgh 69 Survey in Glasgow 810 Survey in Paisley 611 Survey in Stirling 1012 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters 9，1113 Analysis of Questionnaires 714 Analyze the Survey from Edinburgh 1215 Analyze the Survey from Glasgow 1416 Analyze the Survey from Paisley 1517 Analyze the Survey from Stirling 1618 Compare Survey Result 1719 Identify the Key Trend 1820 Production of The Survey Report 1321 Draft The Report 1922 Edit The Report 2123 Produce The Final Report 2224 Executive Summary 2325 Completed Report 2426 Produce The Presentation 2027 Create Presentation 2528 Review Presentation 2729 Present Presentation 2630 Presentation to Senior Managers 2831 Presentation to Brunch Managers 3032 Presentation to Team Leader 3133 Complete Presentation 326. The resources of each of the subtasksTask Name Resource Names1 1. Survey Planning1.1 Identify the objective Harry Callan, Amy, Alice1.2 Drafts the questionnaire Harry Callan, Lucy1.3 To pre-test the questionnaire Amy, Alice1.4 Produce the final questionnaire Callan, Amy, Alice2 2. Survey the cities2.1 Survey on Scottish cities (Edinburgh and Glasgow) Harry Callan 2.2 Survey on a small city (Paisley) Amy, Alice2.3 Survey on a medium sized town (Stirling) Amy, Alice3 3. Analyze the questionnaires3.1 To analyze the first main city Jim Thompson3.2 To analyze the second main city Jim Thompson3.3 To analyze the medium sized city Jim Thompson3.4 To analyze the small city Jim Thompson3.5 To analyze the survey results and key trends Jim Thompson3.6 Analyze Questionnaires Complete4 4. Produce a survey report4.1 Draft the report Henry Mancini4.2 Work on editing Lucy4.3 Work on final version Lucy4.4 Work on executive summary Lucy4.5 Report Complete5 5. Produce a presentation of the survey report5.1 To produce the presentation Clive Calvert, Lucy5.2 To review the presentation Clive Calvert5.3 To present to senior managers Clive Calvert5.4 To present to branch managers Clive Calvert 5.5 To present to team leaders Clive Calvert 5.6 Presentation Complete。

Summary (2)Introduction (3)Findings (3)Communication Industry (3)Low Carbon Growth in China (5)Update System with Windows 7 (6)Conclusions (8)Recommendations (8)Reference (9)Appendices (10)Appendix A (10)The analysis of all fields' ICT emission reduction effect by GeSI (10)Appendix B (11)RMB of GDP per RMB of ICT investment in OECD countries (11)Appendix C (12)Green consumer segmentation (percentage of all consumers) (12)The purpose of this report is introducing the development of Green ICT in the future and development potential. All the materials in this report is come from Internet and business report’s data analysis.More and more research indicates that Green ICT is benefit strategies for all the country, company and people, and it is benefit for environment. Green ICT is regarded as one of the effective strategies, for many firms, the operating costs savings from reduced energy consumption can leave them with more resources for other vital ICT initiatives. The reason is the more pollution, the worse influence for us. More and more government pay attention on Green ICT indicates that great majority country and people realized the pollution of earth and we need to change our life style to decrease pollution.This report suggests ways to improve company’s level on Green ICT to promote company’s long-term development. This change has improving strategies to adapt the development of society. Then, this report will analyses Green ICT in Communication Industry, Realizing the Potential for ICT enabled low Carbon Growth in China and update to Windows 7 three ways to explain the environment and the need for sustainability, Green business practices, Greener ICT and Customer demand for environment-friendly products.This report recommendation is:a.Reminds people pay more attention on Green ICTb.Promotes the development of Green ICTc.Change their represent ICT to Green ICT, such as: change system toWindows 7, improve technology so that extend product life and so on.The Future of Green ICTIntroductionThe purpose of this report to analyze the influence on company by Green ICT, evaluate the effect of Green ICT and suggest ways to improve company’s level on Green ICT to promote company’s long-term development. Nowadays, more and more person and company pay more attention on Green ICT. More industry pays more attention on Green ICT to decrease the pollution and cost, this is good for long-term development. And government published some policy to manage and decrease high-pollution industry, and limit high-pollution industry develop to protect our environment. So, Green ICT is important obviously, company need to change as Green ICT as soon as possible. The report outlines four points:munication Industryb.Realizing the Potential for ICT enabled low Carbon Growth in Chinac.Update System with Windows 7Some suggestions/recommendation is provided in this report.FindingsCommunication IndustryThe Green ICT’s communication’s most visible benefits are: the reduction in environmental negative impact and cost savings. At present, the energy-saving emission reduction strategies operated by China’s communication industry are lack of technological support, b ut developed country’s communication industry is using Green ICT technologies. Foreign country’s industry has low energy consumption, the huge role in gradual promoting is spread by the applications of ICT in several industries. Recommended energy conservation strategy for China’s communication industry can do it in the same way as foreign. We need change our communication industry strategy by the use of Green ICT and adopt some Green business practices.Recent years, government, international telecommunication organization and telecommunication operating company have researched in different industries to explore methods of energy saving energy. Industry of ICT makes a huge change in some country, ICT helps save energy and promote social development, but also raise the awareness of the role of energy conservation in new areas. Along with the voice of worldwide energy saving, more and more industry starts the research in Green ICT.Some research and date indicates that it is necessary to finish telecommunication’s energy saving.In 2008, GeSI (Global e –Sustainability Initiative) published a report “SMART 2020: Enabling the low Carbon Economy in the information A ge”, explain Green ICT has more than five-times affect.The analysis of all fields' ICT emission reduction effect by GeSIGeSI predicted that until 2020, ICT technology can reduce 15% of worldwide carbon emissions.American department of energy prove from ten years research, technology of Green ICT is more useful than technology now, and predict that until 2030, focus on semiconductor manage smart grid, electronic business, telecommunication and several field can reduce the energy consumption 25% approximately, it is nearly 27.7% of total national energy consumption offset. It is a huge contribution.All the data show that Green ICT in communication industry has a bright futureand it is benefit for environment, company can do some Green business practices on communication of Green ICT, it is good for company in long-term objective.Low Carbon Growth in ChinaLow Carbon is due to hold sustaining economic growth and controlling carbon emissions. China has recognized that ICTs can play an important role in driving low carbon growth. And they take action to reduce carbon growth to protect environment.The most serious problem in environment about earth we face is greenhouse effect, and carbon dioxide is the key point cause greenhouse effect, so we need to reduce the carbon emissions. Energy industry can take action to achieve low carbon growth:a.Develop a firm level inventory of carbon emissions, and understand therole that carbon plays in their organizations. Set down a comprehensive greenhouse gas emission targets, indentify the most effective reduction opportunities.b.Identify opportunities. Let some special staff to evaluate carbon dioxideemission and find the solution.c.Incentives staff to do work in green ways to reduce carbon dioxideemission.d.Set and manage towards to meet a reduction goal is crucial tocommunicating progress to investors and regulators, and to engaging employees, suppliers and customers.But develop low carbon growth need enough funds sustainability, so company need increase profit to develop low carbon growth and adapt long-term development and social demand. Company can increase in ICT asset base creates GDP. From the data indicates that each RMB of increase in ICT asset base creates around RMB 1.6 of GDP per year. From the chart, we know that more and more country realized that ICT can increase GDP.RMB of GDP per RMB of ICT investment in OECO countriesAnd China ranks lower globally in terms of enabling environment for ICT, company can take some Green business practices to increase company completely in long-term. China has a large space to develop in ICT about carbon.Update System with Windows 7Windows 7 is an operating system produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, netbooks, tablet PCs, and media center PCs. It was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, and became generally available for retail worldwide on October 22, 2009, less than three years after the release of its predecessor, Windows Vista. Windows 7 is Greener ICT than windows XP and Vista.Windows 7 update so much system and technology, it help computer save energy and reduce pollution of carbon dioxide. Among Windows 7's new features are advances in touch and handwriting recognition, support for virtual hard disks, improved performance on multi-core processors, improved boot performance,DirectAccess, and kernel improvements. Unlike Windows Vista's many new features, Windows 7 was an incremental upgrade designed to work with Vista-compatible applications and hardware. Presentations given by Microsoft in 2008 focused on multi-touch support, an updated Windows shell with a new taskbar, referred to internally as the Superbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements. Some standard applications that have been included with prior releases of Microsoft Windows, including Windows Calendar, Windows Mail, Windows Movie Maker, and Windows Photo Gallery, are not included in Windows 7; most are instead offered separately at no charge as part of the Windows Essentials suite.With the increase quality of life level, more and more people understand the important of Green ICT, and pollution of daily life is more and more serious. People realize that environment-friendly products can save energy and reduce daily pollution. To sum up, Green products are gaining in popularity among consumers:From the above chart, we can see that Green products are gaining in popularity among consumers. According to a study by Booz&Co., 10% of consumers are willing to pay a higher price for green products. And another 60% are interested in environmentally sound products, although they are not willing to pay more for them. So we need provide more environment-friendly products as customer demand.Because environment-friendly product is more and more popular, every companyand family was changing their system to Windows 7 as environment-friendly product in their computer and environment-friendly product is more and more popular. The CEO of Microsoft said Windows 7 is the most green and saving-energy system. All the system is easier to use, faster and simpler. It helps user use system efficiency and safety.ConclusionsTo sum up, Green ICT is important for the development of company. Increasing demand for Green ICT innovations will generate global opportunities for company’s ICT businesses and professionals, this is the same as company’s object and goals.Communication industry: do some green business practices as foreign country to reduce energy emission.Low carbon growth in China: to protect environment by low carbon growth in China, and take more keep environmental sustainability.Windows 7: Windows 7 is the Greener ICT than Windows XP and help user more efficiency and easy to use it and this is customer demand.RecommendationsEveryone believes that governments and company can take many actions to encourage ICT-enabled energy efficiency, clean energy innovation, and sustainable growth. Key areas that should be explored in more detail in relation to individual technologies are:a.In telecommunication infrastructure, we can do some networkoptimization to decrease energy emissions.b.In personal computers, we can improvements in power management ofPCs and update system to Windows 7, switch from desktop to laptop computers and from cathode ray screens to LCD screens.c.And extend product life is also important.d.In telecoms devices, do smart chargers and prevent electronic run off,when we don’t use telecoms devices, set low energy standby.Reference1.Baidu Library. Introduction about Green of ICT and Green by ICT.Retrieved June 5, 2013, from http: /view/3f2d064b2e3f5727a5e96227.html (2011). White Paper Green ICT, the Greening of Business (2011). Retrieved June 5, 2013, from http: /p-941614434605.html3.Baidu Library. ICT and Low Carbon Growth in China (2011).Retrieved June 5, 2013, from http: /view/35ccf3d4195f312b3169a5d7.html4. Baidu . Windows 7 (update on June 4, 2013). Retrieved June 5, 2013, from http: /view/761518.htmAppendicesAppendix AThe analysis of all fields' ICT emission reduction effect by GeSIReference: The Climate Group, 2008RMB of GDP per RMB of ICT investment in OECD countriesSource: OECD Productivity Database, September 2005,/statistics/productivity; World Bank Databank; team analysisGreen consumer segmentation (percentage of all consumers)Fig. 1: Booz&Co., Going Green – Addressing Untapped Consumer Potential In The Telecom Industry, 2009.。

a. Strategy is getting it right and doing it right. It is very important to organizations. Choosing strategy is direct effect organization’s development and future. And every strategy have advantages and disadvantages, so in the different complex situation, we can adopt different strategies to solve problems. Now I will choose four possible strategies which the organizations may adopt.The first is cost leadership strategy. Cost leadership is the low-cost leader in any market gains competitive advantage from being able to produce at the lowest cost. Company can use low cost strategy defeat the competitors among the marketing environment.The second is differentiation. A competitive strategy that allows a company to sell its products for a premium price. This emphasizes creating superior products, products with unique or more desirable features or design.The third is focus strategy. The generic strategy of focus rests on the choice of a narrow competitive scope within an industry. The focuser selects a segment or group of segments in the industry and tailors its strategy to serving them to theexclusion of others. The focus strategy has two variants. One is in cost focus a firm seeks a cost advantage in its target segment, the other is in differentiation focus a firm seeks differentiation in its target segment.The fourth is diversification. This is where we market completely new products to new customers. There are two types of diversification, namely related and unrelated diversification. Related diversification means that we remain in a market or industry with which we are familiar.b. During the 1980s and 1990s, JD Wetherspoon used broad differentiation strategy. Compare other pubs; JD Wetherspoon is special and different. They sell a wide range of real ale beers at relatively low price; good quality wine is available; they don’t play music or TV programmers; especially the non-smoking and toilet design.Because its clean comfortable atmosphere and low price high quality products, it bring some benefits to JD Wetherspoon. They provide good services, such as cheap beer, good conversation and solid architecture with 24-hours. It is notonly attracting more new customers, but also improves the customers’ loyalty. Then the purchases will increase.Their employees have high loyalty and good quality, it is easy to manage and control. Then it will steadily develop the company’s future.Their delicious food and thoughtful service can build a good reputation and good brand image, and maybe the company will become a trend.JD Wetherspoon can expend to help the company increase market share, make more profits.c. In 1980-1990s, business strategy is broad differentiation strategy. While in the 21st century, business strategy is focus differentiation strategy.In 1980-1990s, they don’t play music or watch TV. But in the 21st century, they have plasma screens and it can watch football.In 1980-1990s, the pub just has only one business. But in the 21st century, the pub serve breakfast and begun developingbudget hotel accommodation.In 21st century, JD Wetherspoon Removed price incentives to drink larger measures of spirits and reduced the amount of alcohol. But In 1980-1990s, they just sold real ale beers and good quality wine.d. J D Wetherspoon need to consider some factors when change its business strategy. The first is policy. From the case, we can see during 2002-2004, government concern about binge drinking and the consequent ant special behaviors, particularly in city centers. Before changing a policy, they need to concern about whether the new policy could make more profits.The second is internal environment. Because the customers demand increases, J D Wetherspoon should improve employee’s quality, make the service more thoughtful. Before changing a policy, they need to concern about whether the new policy is suits different customers.The third is social. In this case, the supermarket began selling drinks, encourages drinking at home and increase in the numberof bars. It increased more competitors. So before changing policy, they need to consider about whether the policy can bring more customers and whether could reduce competition with other companies.e. Business strategy is the plans choices and decisions used to guide a company to greater profitability and success. It should be designed to bring success and avoid failure. Strategy choice is described of deciding which strategies can benefits organization’s future. This strategy decision is very important to company. From the case, in 21st century, J D Wetherspoon adopts the differentiation business strategy. There are some new products like provide a dedicated family dining area and serve the breakfast. The new market was begun developing budget hotel accommodation known as ‘Wetherlodges’. In a competitive pub s market, J D Wetherspoon is different from other pubs by using this way, it had already open the new market for increasing the competitiveness. It is an attractive pubs for customers. Then this strategy brings more profit for JD Wetherspoon.f. JD Wetherspoon is operating well now, but it still needs to consider some key issues: The one is need to enhance communication between managers and employees. This management method can help managers and employees exchanging their ideas and suggestions. It also can help company deeply develop, improve service and products. For some problems, they can solve these problems at once. The other is needed to consider whether the business strategy is flexible. When the environment changes, the strategy can quickly respond and find a way to constant changes.。

a. Strategy is getting it right and doing it right. It is very important to organizations. Choosing strategy is direct effect organization’s development and future. And every strategy have advantages and disadvantages, so in the different complex situation, we can adopt different strategies to solve problems. Now I will choose four possible strategies which the organizations may adopt.The first is cost leadership strategy. Cost leadership is the low-cost leader in any market gains competitive advantage from being able to produce at the lowest cost. Company can use low cost strategy defeat the competitors among the marketing environment.The second is differentiation. A competitive strategy that allows a company to sell its products for a premium price. This emphasizes creating superior products, products with unique or more desirable features or design.The third is focus strategy. The generic strategy of focus rests on the choice of a narrow competitive scope within an industry. The focuser selects a segment or group of segments in the industry and tailors its strategy to serving them to the exclusion of others. The focus strategy has two variants. One is in cost focus a firm seeks a cost advantage in its target segment, the other is in differentiation focus a firm seeks differentiation in its target segment.The fourth is diversification. This is where we market completely new products to new customers. There are two types of diversification, namely related and unrelated diversification. Related diversification means that we remain in a market or industry with which we are familiar.b. During the 1980s and 1990s, JD Wetherspoon used broad differentiation strategy. Compare other pubs; JD Wetherspoon is special and different. They sell a wide range o f real ale beers at relatively low price; good quality wine is available; they don’t play music or TV programmers; especially the non-smoking and toilet design.Because its clean comfortable atmosphere and low price high quality products, it bring some benefits to JD Wetherspoon.They provide good services, such as cheap beer, good conversation and solidarchitecture with 24-hours. It is not only attracting more new customers, but also improves the customers’ loyalty. Then the purchases will increase.Their employees have high loyalty and good quality, it is easy to manage and control. Then it will steadily develop the company’s future.Their delicious food and thoughtful service can build a good reputation and good brand image, and maybe the company will become a trend.JD Wetherspoon can expend to help the company increase market share, make more profits.c. In 1980-1990s, business strategy is broad differentiation strategy. While in the 21st century, business strategy is focus differentiation strategy.In 1980-1990s, they don’t play music or watch TV. But in the 21st century, they have plasma screens and it can watch football.In 1980-1990s, the pub just has only one business. But in the 21st century, the pub serve breakfast and begun developing budget hotel accommodation.In 21st century, JD Wetherspoon Removed price incentives to drink larger measures of spirits and reduced the amount of alcohol. But In 1980-1990s, they just sold real ale beers and good quality wine.d. J D Wetherspoon need to consider some factors when change its business strategy. The first is policy. From the case, we can see during 2002-2004, government concern about binge drinking and the consequent ant special behaviors, particularly in city centers. Before changing a policy, they need to concern about whether the new policy could make more profits.The second is internal environment. Because the customers demand increases, J D Wetherspoon should improve employee’s quality, make the service more thoughtful. Before changing a policy, they need to concern about whether the new policy is suits different customers.The third is social. In this case, the supermarket began selling drinks, encourages drinking at home and increase in the number of bars. It increased more competitors.So before changing policy, they need to consider about whether the policy can bring more customers and whether could reduce competition with other companies.e. Business strategy is the plans choices and decisions used to guide a company to greater profitability and success. It should be designed to bring success and avoid failure. Strategy choice is described of deciding which strategies can benefits organization’s future. This strategy decision is very important to company. From the case, in 21st century, J D Wetherspoon adopts the differentiation business strategy. There are some new products like provide a dedicated family dining area and serve the breakfast. The new market was begun developing budget hotel accommodation known as ‘Wetherlodges’. In a compet itive pubs market, J D Wetherspoon is different from other pubs by using this way, it had already open the new market for increasing the competitiveness. It is an attractive pubs for customers. Then this strategy brings more profit for JD Wetherspoon.f. JD Wetherspoon is operating well now, but it still needs to consider some key issues: The one is need to enhance communication between managers and employees. This management method can help managers and employees exchanging their ideas and suggestions. It also can help company deeply develop, improve service and products. For some problems, they can solve these problems at once. The other is needed to consider whether the business strategy is flexible. When the environment changes, the strategy can quickly respond and find a way to constant changes.文案编辑词条B 添加义项?文案，原指放书的桌子，后来指在桌子上写字的人。

Evaluation Report1.Background information.2016 April 23 to May 14 I worked as an intern in Guiyang kempinski,, I was in the food and beverage department as a waiter, my job was standing on the edge of the table for guests at any time to served, cleared away, pour away the water and so on. My responsibility is to make the guests have a good meal.2.Objectives in the planning stages and personal development during placement. My internship objective are as follows:1) improve my oral expression ability2) improve my communication ability3) improve my ability of doing things4) improve my ability of servingIn the beginning I was more shy, I was particularly nervous when I met with difficulties. For example, I was confused when I was wrong for serving. But through the help of colleagues, I solved the thing and accumulated experience, gradually, my experience was becoming more richer, I was more handy to do things, and I proposed the goals there are a lot of promotions, especially in speaking and doing things. To this end, I was very happy and very grateful to the company and the school, which provided the opportunity to practice.My plan objectives are as follows:My first objective is improve my English, through my teachers and my classmates help. What's more, in my daily life, I read some English books, watch English movies and so on, my English has been greatly improved. I am not satisfied with my current English level, I will continue to study in the future.My second objective is to improve the ability to operate office software, I learned the office software through the teaching videos, and practical operation on my computer. Now I can finish my paper and edit graphic mix and make simple PPT byoperating office software. I am not satisfied with my operate office software, I will continue to study in the future.My third objective is obtain a driver’s license, this objective has not been achieved, because I need to learn and work, there is no time to test driver's license, but I believe I will go to this holiday to achieve this objective.My fourth objective is obtain a mandarin certificate, his objective has not been achieved, because I did not have the right to choose the topic of the last topic of the exam, I cried when I was talking about my mother, but I believe that the next time I will obtain a mandarin certificate.My fifth objective is obtain an accounting certificate, this objective has not been achieved, because I need to learn and work, there is no time to test accounting certificate, but I believe I will go to this holiday to achieve this objective.3.Recommendation and plan for future.The above goal is my small target, during the university I can complete my small target. My medium-term goal is after graduation to the hotel to go to work, through hard work, and I want to take the hospitality industry, tourism industry and television station together, so that can not only increase the hotel's income, also can promote Guizhou tourist attractions, but also can stimulate the development of the tourism industry in Guizhou.Interview record1. What’s your harvest from this work experience?My theoretical knowledge in school has been further deepened and enhanced, and the service ability and interpersonal relationship has also been improved. Here, I make friends, also learned how to get along with leadership and guests. For example, when a guest disturb others to drinking, standing beside I went over to smile said to her: hello! I can help you relieve fatigue by means of massage! Are you willing to give me this chance? She smiled and said: Thank you so much! My service on this side of the other guests, while by massage to accompany her chat until the other members packed hall, the manager let me find him. To my surprise, the manager as other waiters face said I do very well, also let other people learn my way! Through this experience, I learned to apply with my smile and skills to deal with what happened in the company. After that, there were some new staff who came to talk to me about their problems in the service process,2. What do you like to share from this work experience?In the course of practice, I think a sincere smile more, see more, ask more, watch more, think more is very important. for example, I put the dishes on the wrong table, At this time, a customer loudly scold me. I bowed and smiled to make an apology. And promised to give them a new dish. At this time, another customer said to me: It doesn’t matter, you gave us a new set of good, Seeing your smile I knew you are a trainee, we don't want to embarrass you. I apologize to them with a smile, and then I put a plate of new food on the guest's table.3. For you , what’s the most unforgettable in this work experience?My most memorable experience in work is my back rubs for the guest. Because of this matter, the manager of my impression is very deep, in the matter after the manager took care of to me, if the company have welfare treatment , he will give me,and give me a lot of exercise and improve own chances.。

1.0 IntroductionThe purpose of this report is to investigate which coffee shop is satisfied with student. It is about environment, price, taste and factors. The aim is how to create a good coffee shop for student. The intended readers are teacher, students and coffee shop customer service. There are five coffee shop in our school, boxingdi, MAAN coffee, campusstory coffee, Jiananmeidi and water through stone coffee.2.0 ProceduresThere are several sources of collecting information about coffee shop. The internet is import, it is convenient and fast. Some practical point of view need do questionnaire. Questionnaire can reflect the issues. Access to book is a effective way to collect information, some question need observation.3.0 Literature review3.1 customer serviceCustomer service can be defined as ' values ' which follows the customer. Daniel. Y. D (2006) had concluded that the main goal of customer service is to satisfy the customers. It gathers and manages the optimal cost in the predetermined. In the broad sense, every thing can raise the satisfaction of customer can be in the range of the customer service. To raise the satisfaction, it require to reduce the different between the expectation of customers and the practical situation they are treated. (Bryman, 2007)Customer service is often an important strategy and a value proposition for a company. From the sales process, customer service can be seen as an important part. It can checkout the organization whether has a perfect process of sale and ability to settle the problem from the customer. So to improve the system of customer service, a necessary premise is that the staffs should be absorbed in the every detail of the customers and to service from the heart . To improve themselves and increase there responsibilities. Give the customers a exceeds expectations service to keep the customer to long stay. This will be the base of the perfect customer service.(Rossman,1991)3.2 college customer serviceA college at least have two kind of customers, the first are students and business practitioners. The other is academics. College customer service not only about students canteen, dormitory, store and others facilities. Knowledge and academics are more important for student. (cathrye,2005). Students are customers for school, they give money to school and school provide service. So school service should transparency.(peter,2007). Scott said that if customer service failures, the school should analysis it. The impact of service operations failures satisfaction: evidence on how failures and their source affect what matters to customer.3.3 coffee shop createCoffee is one of the three major beverage in the world, as time advances and the opening up of china into the western culture, people bagan to accept coffee, understanding and consumption. Coffee shop should have own brand, that is important. Starbucks is around all the world, it business philosophy and service focused on six areas, brand positioning, brand experience, brand equity accumulation,brand communication, brand and brand extension chain. Starbucks on the successful experience of the brand strategy is: the third space, a unique brand positioning, experiential consumption around with customer, employees and suppliers, the relationship between asset accumulation, coffee, religion, word of moth spread, strict and flexible way to join the brand extension of rich Starbucks brand value.(Ray, 2005). The customer service is important, but a coffee shop should have good environment, well taste, and more others.4.0 Research4.1 MethodMy method of data collection have three: interview, questionnaire and observation. I interview our schoolmate, ask them how they fell about our school coffee shop and which coffee shop they usually consume. But I think interview not comprehensive, so I do some questionnaire to survey the question. The questionnaire involve coffee shop location, taste, environment and others. Questionnaire can make survey more clear and definite. That is a effective way. The observation is also important, some substance question need observe, then obtain conclution.4.2 LimitationThe limitation of questionnaire is I just survey HND students, most of HND students live in xuezhi, so the result may influence by location. Questionnaire give out to girls than to boys. Girls may pay more attention on environment, boys may most mind taste. So some result may not very accuracy.4.3 data analysis4.3.1 The introduction of questionnaireI give out 105 questionnaires to students, all the questionnaire give to HND students, include classmates, roommates and other students. The girls are doing 70 share, boys are doing 35 share. Because more girls like stay in coffee shop. They always doing homework or talk with student in coffee shop. Boys more like pubs. So give more questionnaire to girls. The questionnaire is about school coffee shop. Survey about which coffee shop is suitable for HND students. My questionnaire have 10 question. The first is ask how often students go to coffee shop. The second is talk about with coffee shop popular. The third is ask about who they will go coffee shop with. The forth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth are talk about the reason of coffee shop they choice. The fifth is say characteristics.4.3.2 Analysis data and survey resultThe questionnaire data show that the campusstory coffee is most popular, some student also like study at Boxingdi. Some student like go to MAAN coffee. It is the third. Little student will go to water through stone. Seldom student like go to Jiananmeidi. (See Appendix C)If the student go to coffee shop to study, they like go to Boxingdi, because many students study at there, they can conclusion at Boxingdi, and the price is low than others. If have a meeting with friend or boy/girl friend, most of student may choice xiaoyouji, xiaoyouji have sofa and environment is best. It warm than others, and quiet. If only want to drink coffee, MAAN coffee is popular. Jiananmeidi is suitable for make business. Little student choice shuichuanshi. The data show that girls go tocoffee shop usually, boys only waiting at there, or complain with girls. Every coffee shop have it own special. But do not have a coffee shop perfect, so many student have suggestion. Like shop’s internet, chairs, taste and others. (See Appendix B and Appendix D)4.3.3 Analysis reasonsurvey show that the popular coffee shop in our school is campusstory coffee, most students choice it because the environment is good, food taste is well, it have wi-fi, and it open 24hours. In our school, only this coffee shop open 24hours, so if students need study at night or have a meet, they will choice it first. The installation is good than others. It has sofa, table lamp and light let student feel warm. So it most popular than others. The second popular coffee shop is Boxingdi. It is nearest HND main dormitory, so the location is best for HND students, but it at underground, some student do not know it. The food is not well but cheap than others. The coffee is taste well.It is a little noise. MAAN coffee have it own characteristic. MAAN coffee shop’s coffee is the best in school. It smell savoury. If you order something, they will give you a colorful bear replace receipt, that really special, make students have a good mood. And MAAN coffee shop have many foreign students at there, we can make friends with them. Most people do not like go to water through stone, because it far away from HND class and dormitory. It environment and taste not good. So HND student do not go to there. Seldom student go to Jiananmeidi. Because the place is small, and it suitable for talk about business, not suitable for study or have a meet.5.0 ConclusionIn our school, most girls like go to coffee shop, the environment is the important than others. The whole factor is also important. Most students go to coffee shop for study. So it needs quiet. In the winter, good location is a superiority. Internet is must when students study now, so wheter have steady wi-fi is also need consider.6.0 suggestOur school have 5 coffee shop, but these are not very satisfied with student. Good service can take more benefit for shop. So the coffee shop should provide their service. That include change environment, make more good food, shop assistant provide good service. Coffee shop should have it owner brand and characteristic. Like Starbucks, that will attract more students. Coffee is develop in china now, coffee shop is not only a place to drink coffee, people like go to there to relax, so Starbucks the third space is popular. School should popularize coffee culture, let our school student have a good coffee shop atmosphere to study and relax.7.0 ReferencesBryman, A and Bell, E (2007)business research methods , 2nd Edition, new York, Oxford university press.Daniel. Y. D (2006) International journal of market research, V ol.43, Quarter4, pp.361-375.Rossman, S.（2002）learning and Development, London, CIPD.Cathrye, D (2005) school customer service, 3rd Edition, Gower.Ray, T. (2005), managing knowledge, sage, London.peter, Z (2007), industrial and commercial training, V ol. 40, No.1,pp.39-40.8.0 Appendices8.1 Appendices AThe Campus culture of the coffee shop in HND studentsI'm sorry to take up your valuable time, hope you can contribute your power in campus cafe culture to Renmin University. Appreciate!1. How many times you go to café inside of campus normally?*always *not many times *rarely have chance to go there2. Which café is your choice normally?*XIAOYOUJI*BOXINGDI*JIANANMEIDI*MANCOFFEE*WATERSTONE3. Who will go to the café with you when you are going to café?*alone *friends *classmates *lover *somebody relate to your work4. What is the reason you select in the second question do you think it is attracting you?*price - please go to question 9*surrounding (including hardware facilities) – please go to question 5*services - please go to question 6*catering - please go to question 7*position - please go to question 85. Please write one or more than one aspect attracts you in the environmental characteristics._____________________________________________________________________6. What are there special place you consider they have in services?_____________________________________________________________________7. What kinds of food in this café you prefer? Chinese food or western food? or have any other feature?_____________________________________________________________________8. The reason you come to this coffee shop is just because relatively close? Any other ideas?_____________________________________________________________________9. What suggestion and opinion you have and want to put forward to the café inside of campus?_____________________________________________________________________Thank you for your cooperation, God bless you!8.2 Appendices B01020304050607080enviroument taste servicewhich coffee shop students usually goBOXINGDIXIAOYOUJIMAANJIANANMEIDISHUICHUANSHIstudyhave a meeting wite boy/girl friend 0102030405060study talk with friendhave a meeting wite boy/girl friend。

商务沟通技巧报告outcomeCommunication:Analysing and PresentingComplex CommunicationUnit Student GuideDE3N34Outcome2Contents1.0Introduction32.0Procedure33.0Customer service33.1What is customer service?34.0Daily life3 4.1Dormitory4 4.2Canteen44.3The university hospital55.0Teaching and studying55.1Facility5 5.2Teachers strength6 5.3Professional curriculm65.4Career Prospects76.0Extracurricular activity8 6.1Student activity center86.2Sports activity87.0Conclusion98.0Bibilgraphy109.0Appendices111.0IntroductionThis report is for assessment in the Communications unit of the Higher National Certificate in customer service.The aim of this report is to investigate the way in which customer services of Nankai University.The objectives of the report are to define what customer service is and to look at how customer services provided in Nankai University.2.0ProcedureTo source this report:a)A number of books on customer surveys were consulted.b)Information on customer surveys was taken from internet websites.c)Information was gathered from an interview with the Nankai University students.3.0Customer surveys3.1what is customer surveys?Customer service is a customer oriented values,its integration and management in the pre-set the optimal cost-service portfolio of all the ingredients of a customer interface.Broadly speaking,any can improve customer satisfaction contents belong to customer service scope.4.0Daily life4.1DormitaryAs for the specific accommodation,Nankai there are two places to stay,a district in the South Park Xiangyu,a hospital in the north campus of Nankai. Undergraduate:RuXi dormitory building5and earth,spread the bed,bunk bed desk.One floor has a bathroom.The second floor6beds,bunk.4Building IV Room,capped a bed,bunk bed is the desk,every house with a separate pit. Campus dormitory6beds,bunk beds.To the headquarters,21residential apartments and the Western better conditions,a large unit in sets of4-54earth, above the bed below the desk,plus a separate desk cabinet.Conditions quite other quarters.4.2CanteenNorth School cafeteria prices were relatively cheap.Most people buy lunch at noon,to wait about15minutes,but you can also come from the classroom to avoid late peak.South Park canteen individual contract so the price because it is relatively high,do not look too tasty,very few go.A canteen,two canteens,canteen internshipA cafeteria breakfast good,the other is light-based,more girls to go;Two cafeteria on the first floor is the brother hodgepodge,not good but also expensive.On the second floor is not ye.The middle of the dumpling shop that Korean food and good;floor Xin Hong Park restaurant food is equivalent to a child,but also lacks delicious;Three first floor cafeteria breakfast is very cheap,on the second floor of the pasta well.Canteen frequented freshman,is relatively inexpensive;Triangle restaurant food good,prices are also authentic;Jinnan is known as a place with cooking waste oil,something very authentic unpalatable!90is a place to drink,eat expensive and not good;Park is the foreign students should often go to restaurants where food is more expensive number,but foreigners seemingly wealthy,actually said to me very cheap..4.3The university hospitalNankai University Hospital,35existing employees in preparing it into medicine, surgery,radiology,and dental and Traditional Chinese Medicine and other departments.Two north of the main building to the university hospital the most commonly encountered situation is to give you a referral certificate.Boring,but the chargeswill be cheaper,or do a number of minor5.0Teaching and Studying5.1FacilitiesClassroom and laboratory：There are many buildings for students to learn,like the administration building,the comprehensive test building,Chinese language teaching center,the new stadium,the first mathematical sciences such as building provides students with a good learning environment.They have advanced laboratory.The experiment teaching in chemistry,biology and physics,electrical and electronic four fundamental teaching center,they brought in the life science instrument platform and the polymer of large-scale instrument and equipment.The school laboratory：Schools to make full use of equipment,equipment management approach is very strict,very important to go through a number of regulatory constraints.Include:purchase,inspection and claims,use and management,assessment and punish,repair,scrap.The filing of the instrument also has an important archive requirements.5.2Teachers strengthCurrently,Nankai University has a neat line,reasonable structure,academic exquisite,innovative teachers.In2052full-time teachers have doctoral instructor in619,723professors,787associate professor,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering11,5Academy of Sciences in developing countries,"973"and"863"Chief Expert9,the State Council degree Committee Subject12,12state-level experts with outstanding contributions,distinguishedProfessor of Cheung Kong Scholars Program31,14Changjiang scholar Chair Professor,National outstanding Youth Fund,29winners,selected countriestalents Project20,program for New Century excellent Talents in University (including the former Ministry of Education,cross-century talents fund)selected were120people,the national teacher of college teaching8,Tianjin,"131"Talent Project first level25.Not only do they have a wealth of knowledge but also have their only teaching style. They will be based on the character of the different students with different educational. Students in this university will have a well development.5.3Professional curriculumNankai university is the famous medical arts with comprehensive university,the liberal arts subjects,such as finance,international finance,financial engineering, insurance study,insurance actuarial science,finance,international economic trade and applied economics,western economics,macroeconomics,microeconomics,political economics theory of economics,modern international logistics,industry and commerce administration,administrative management,political science,management science,history,tourism,Chinese literature and other professional subject in the leading position.Science subjects,such as science subject in the national life categories is the best.Such as mathematics and applied mathematics,physics and mathematics theory,optical and optical technology,intelligent robot technology, electronic information technology and software science,chemical materials,energy chemical,biological chemistry,biology,medicine,biology gene microbial science technique research ability and ranked the academic level.So,there are various profession options for students.foreign,Nankai university employment is possible,the college alumni is also widely to every corner of the world,in addition to the learning environment of a school superior outside,the school also open network platform, through the Nankai university employment nets to provide a good platform for the students to better understand the employment information.After a few years of construction,the website whether from the function development,column setup to technical service level are achieved certain level.With your current site employment trends,employment guidance,employment policy,professional introduction,civil service examinations,laws and regulations,professional evaluation,recruitment, employment information,students and information service columns recommendation. In addition,the site also creative developed individualized service and management way,for every registered users and units provide users graduates of an independent virtual space for student online recruitment information,delivering customized electronic resume and employers recruitment information,receiving students released resume to provide a broad network space.Nankai university employment information can not only through the network information get understanding,school every year also holds a recruitment conference, each enterprise company came to select the people,so that students will have more opportunities to understand social employment situation.6.0Extracurricular activities6.1Student Activity Center7.0ConclusionThis report on field surveys,questionnaires and hands-on way to an interview survey of each customer's situation,Nankai University,and discover the pros and cons of these customer services.Generally speaking,most customers have some drawbacks, and most of the students reflect the same situation,we need to improve theseproblems.The problem of most students:the high price of dining,you could not use cash,part of the construction is too old school,teaching facilities incomplete,and some accommodation is no separate bathroom floor,easily lost in the campus bike.These are the schools need improvement,such as:canteen price adjustment,and allows the use of cash;old school relocation,new building construction equipment;for each dormitory building be equipped with separate toilet,to strengthen the management of the campus to combat theft./default.asp/english/shownews.asp?newsid=1049/news/show.jsp?informationid=200812030915297814 /wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD% A6‘Communication:Analysing and Presenting Complex Communication Unit Student Guide’10.0Appendices11。

HND商务文化与策略-outcome3-41: (1) Market PenetrationHere we market our existing products to our existing customer groups. This means increasing our revenue by, promoting the product, repositioning the brand, and so on. However, the product is not altered and we do not seek any new types of customers. It involves an increase in sales of existing products to existing markets-selling more of the same to the same people. It has two methods; the first one is using the existing product break new market to penetrated, the other is offer new products to existing market to penetrate.This strategy has the lower risk and don’t need more investment. It is suitable for the product being in the growth process, when the market is not saturated the business would growth in the market and increased volumes lead to economies of scale, especially for some business which not have some clearly goals and development strategies.(2) DifferentiationIt is the company would offer the unique products or services. Company could use the unique materials or research the new technology or new materials, then make consumers have the better and totally different products or services than competitors. If the AG Company wants to carry out this strategy, it should meet some requirements: First, AG Company need a strong research and develop their capability, the reputation of quality, innovation and technology. It would have the strength of marketing management and a team with high-level research staff, creative staff and high level skill staff. Then the business can make more superior difference than competitors. And the need of consumerswill be various. The main competition is mainly about the product innovation.（3）Cost LeadershipIt involves the firm winning market share by appealing to cost-conscious or price-sensitive customers. And it focuses on efficiency and lower cost. It means business reduce their cost and gain the competitive advantage about lower cost. The company in any market will gain lots of advantages from being able to produce at the lowest cost. A cost leadership strategy is appropriate when the company has its competitive advantages at producing efficiency, and the cost is lowest. It is useful for the product market share is much larger than competitors and the business that could reduce the cost of product through saving the materials, improve the technology, innovation of produce （4）DiversificationThis is where we market completely new products to new customers. There are two types of diversification. The first is related diversification and the second is unrelated diversification. Related diversification means that the company remains in a market or industry with which we are familiar. Unrelated diversification is where the company has no previous experience in the market or industry. This strategy could be used in a company with many competitors in the same industry. And its products are on the stage of market saturation, and not perform as good as other competitor. Then the company could choose to produce new products in a different industry. At last it will attract new consumers and increase the market shares.2: Business strategy includes planning choice, implementation and evaluation that guide the company to gain great profit and success. An inspired and clearly strategy wouldbring about successful, while a weak or unsuitable strategy may result the company astray.Strategic choice is consider the competitive advantage, the influence fromenvironmental, the pressures, and then make a decision about the company future.In Alphabet Game, the strategy may be faced more choice. In this case, we could know that AG Company was a small-size company therefore they chose the cost focus strategy. The main difference between the business strategy and strategic choice is that strategic choice is a step of business strategy not a strategy. But it decided the best choice for organization strategy.3:CurrentFrom the case, we could know that at the beginning, AG Company is a small-size company and lack of differentiation. And it only has fewer clients and low value manufacturing. The company began as three friends in 2001, house research, development and production which rank alongside any of its comparable competitors. According to the case, we could know that the cost focus strategy is most suitable for AG Company. They need cut down the cost by managing the value chain effectively. In AG Company, production cost have tripled in recent years with the introduction of next generation games consoles, the manager could make some decision about cut cost. Finding the new low-cost purchasing channel, purchasing the high quality materials cut the waste, saving the materials, improving the labor skill to improve the working efficiency.As the matter of fact, managers are considering all the possibility to cut down the cost. W ith the development ofindustry, there will be more and more consumers’ demand variety. Therefore AG Company needs to make a change about the strategy to meet new challenges.FutureConsumers need expectations of appearance, movement and behavior has raised the bar in terms of graphic believability and authenticity. These make a request of newtechnique and creative. They should carry out the differentiation strategy to create the totally different products and service to customers aiming to have their competitive edge. AG Company should increase the investment in research and development to create unique goods and services.The new function marketing and educational tools, internet competitive marketing are the unique products offer to consumers. Company used the marketing or educational tools to clients. The rise of internet competitive marketing has also provided substantial opportunities and AG has striven to be at the forefront of that development.4:Consumers need expectations of appearance, movement and behavior has raised the bar in terms of graphic believability and authenticity. These make a request of new technique and creative. They should carry out the differentiation strategy to create the totally different products and service to customers aiming to have their competitive edge. AG Company should increase the investment in research and development to create unique goods and services.The new function marketing and educational tools, internet competitive marketing are the unique products offer to consumers. Company used the marketing or educational tools to clients. The rise of internet competitive marketing has alsoprovided substantial opportunities and AG has striven to be at the forefront of that development.5:After analyzing this case, the better business strategy for AG Company is differentiation. This choice will bring many advantages.The first one is that it could help AG Company make more profits. AG Company select the differentiation strategy, then it will give the consumer a clear reason whychoose them, such as the high-quantity of product and products with unique technology.The second one is that it could improve the innovation ability. AG Company uses the flash game as marketing or educational tools that is a innovation. It not can increase the sale, but increase the innovation competitive advantage which has provide a long-term plan for AG CompanyThe third one is that it will secure the customer loyalty. It makes the substitute goods have no strength in performance. Consumer will continue use this software until the new production appears.The last one is that it will increase the market share of AG Company. According to this case, we can know that there are many competitors in this industry, such as Microsoft and SONY which hit AG deeply. The product saturated lead to the lack market share. Therefore AG should innovate its unique product which has its own feathers like the games used as promotional tool and educational tool. Thus many consumers would become be willing to buy them, and the market share will increase quickly.。

1.The main tasks and the subtasks for ICT’s survey projectTask Name1 Survey Planning1.1 Identify the objective1.2 Drafts the questionnaire1.3 To pre-test the questionnaire1.4 Produce the final questionnaire2 Survey the cities2.1 Survey in Edinburgh2.2 Survey in Glasgow2.3 Survey in Paisley2.4 Survey in Stirling2.5 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters3 Analyze the questionnaires3.1 Analyze the Survey from Edinburgh3.2 Analyze the Survey from Glasgow3.3 Analyze the Survey from Paisley3.4 Analyze the Survey from Stirling3.5 Compare Survey Result3.6 Identify the Key Trend4 Produce a survey report4.1 Draft the report4.2 Edit The Report4.3 Produce The Final Report4.4 Executive Summary4.5 Completed Report5 Produce a presentation of the survey report5.1 Create Presentation5.2 Review Presentation6 Present Presentation5.3 To present to senior managers5.4 To present to branch managers5.5 To present to team leaders5.6 Presentation Complete2. The duration of each of the subtasksTask Name1 Survey Planning1.1 Identify the objective 1 day1.2 Drafts the questionnaire 5 days1.3 To pre-test the questionnaire 6 days1.4 Produce the final questionnaire 2 days2 Survey the cities 34 days2.1 Survey in Edinburgh 10 days2.2 Survey in Glasgow 102.3 Survey in Paisley 92.4 Survey in Stirling 52.5 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters3 0 Analyze the questionnaires 38 days3.1 Analyze the Survey from Edinburgh 93.2 Analyze the Survey from Glasgow 83.3 Analyze the Survey from Paisley 73.4 Analyze the Survey from Stirling 43.5 Compare Survey Result 53.6 Identify the Key Trend 54 Produce a survey report 25 days4.1 Draft the report 114.2 Edit The Report 54.3 Produce The Final Report 64.4 Executive Summary 14.5 Completed Report 05 Produce a presentation of the survey report 65.1 Create Presentation 55.2 Review Presentation 16 Present Presentation 35.3 To present to senior managers 15.4 To present to branch managers 15.5 To present to team leaders 15.6 Presentation Complete 03. The project milestonesMilestones are: Important events during the duration of the project when reviews of time, cost and quality are carried out. Milestones are activities that must take place by a certain date. Milestones are set so you can measure your performance against your objective.4. The milestones in ICT’s survey projectThe milesto nes in ICT’s survey project are that:2.5 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters34.5 Completed Report5.6 Presentation Complete5. The dependencies between tasksID Task Name Predecessor1 Market Survey2 Survey Planning3 Determine Survey Objectives4 Draft Questionnaire 35 Pre-test Questionnaire 46 Produce Final Questionnaire 57 Complete the Survey 28 Survey in Edinburgh 69 Survey in Glasgow 810 Survey in Paisley 611 Survey in Stirling 1012 Return Questionnaires to Headquarters 9，1113 Analysis of Questionnaires 714 Analyze the Survey from Edinburgh 1215 Analyze the Survey from Glasgow 1416 Analyze the Survey from Paisley 1517 Analyze the Survey from Stirling 1618 Compare Survey Result 1719 Identify the Key Trend 1820 Production of The Survey Report 1321 Draft The Report 1922 Edit The Report 2123 Produce The Final Report 2224 Executive Summary 2325 Completed Report 2426 Produce The Presentation 2027 Create Presentation 2528 Review Presentation 2729 Present Presentation 2630 Presentation to Senior Managers 2831 Presentation to Brunch Managers 3032 Presentation to Team Leader 3133 Complete Presentation 326. The resources of each of the subtasksTask Name Resource Names1 1. Survey Planning1.1 Identify the objective Harry Callan, Amy, Alice1.2 Drafts the questionnaire Harry Callan, Lucy1.3 To pre-test the questionnaire Amy, Alice1.4 Produce the final questionnaire Callan, Amy, Alice2 2. Survey the cities2.1 Survey on Scottish cities (Edinburgh and Glasgow) Harry Callan2.2 Survey on a small city (Paisley) Amy, Alice2.3 Survey on a medium sized town (Stirling) Amy, Alice3 3. Analyze the questionnaires3.1 To analyze the first main city Jim Thompson3.2 To analyze the second main city Jim Thompson3.3 To analyze the medium sized city Jim Thompson3.4 To analyze the small city Jim Thompson3.5 To analyze the survey results and key trends Jim Thompson3.6 Analyze Questionnaires Complete4 4. Produce a survey report4.1 Draft the report Henry Mancini4.2 Work on editing Lucy4.3 Work on final version Lucy4.4 Work on executive summary Lucy4.5 Report Complete5 5. Produce a presentation of the survey report5.1 To produce the presentation Clive Calvert, Lucy5.2 To review the presentation Clive Calvert5.3 To present to senior managers Clive Calvert5.4 To present to branch managers Clive Calvert5.5 To present to team leaders Clive Calvert5.6 Presentation Complete。