全新版⼤学英语综合教程第⼆册教案Unit4 Unit 4The Virtual WorldⅠ. Suggested Teaching PlanStudents will be able to1. understand the main idea (despite the many negative effects ofvirtual life, the author prefers it to real life) and structure of the text(contrast between virtual life and real life);2. learn some rules of interpreting new vocabulary and usage related tocomputers and the Internet in English;3. grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activitiesrelated to the theme of the unit.1st period2nd period3rd period4th period5th periodPre-reading While-reading(textorganization;languagepoints)While-reading(languagepoints;“find”structure;consequencesofvirtual life)Post-reading;Check onstudents’homereading(Text B)Theme-RelatedLanguageLearn-ing Tasks1. T asks Ss the following questions on the poem Surfing the Internet:(5minutes)* What was the hero doing when his boss came in? (surfing the Internet) * How did he act in front of his boss? (He pretended to be surprised at the computer which had crashed “unexpectedly”.)2. Ss look at the theme of this unit (The Virtual World) and the title of TextA (A Virtual Life), then try to: (10 minutes)* find antonyms of “virtual world” and “virtual life”; (real world, real life) * suggest synonyms for “virtual world”; (cyberspace, cyberia, etherworld, virtual reality, Internet world, net world, etc.)* say what people can do on the Internet, (communicating with people, shopping, reading, entertainment, education, working, hacking, publishing, etc.)3. Imaginative writing(28 minutes)1) T dictates to Ss the following paragraph:For the past two weeks, other participants of the Net Survival Contest (⽹络⽣存竞赛)and I have been shut up in bare hotel rooms.Our only link to the real world has been a computer that is hooked up to the Internet (联⽹电脑). We have relied on it, not only for food, bed sheets and other daily necessities, but also to set up an e-business （电⼦商务）of our own.2) Now Ss will complete the next paragraph beginning with: “Now it istime for me to walk out into the light of day again...” They willgive their imagination full play. They will write no more than 100words.3) Ss form groups of four to five, and read aloud to each other theirown writings.4) T asks some groups to recommend the best piece in their group tothe class.4. T may lead in to Text A by saying: Some of us like to live a life in contact with real things and real people, but others favora virtual existence. Which life is better? I’m sure you have different opinions. Now let’s read Text A to find out what Maia Szalavitz has to say about these two life styles. (2 minutes)1. Text organization (15 minutes)1) T draws Ss’ attention to Text Organization Exercise 1, and lets themread its instructions as well as what has already been done for them in this exercise.2) Ss try to complete the exercise by simply reading the first sentence ofeach paragraph in Text A.1) Ss compare answers with each other; if necessary, T may help.2. T explains the key language points and gives Ss practice (see LanguageStudy). (45 minutes)3. T guides Ss through Structure Exercise 2. (10 minutes)2. Ss re-read Paras 4-10, work in pairs to find out consequences of “my”virtual life. Can they use the “find oneself + adj./ past participle/present participle” structure when summing up the conse-quences? (10 minutes)3. Some pairs report to the class their findings, using the “find” structure.(5 minutes)1. Computer-related vocabulary items (20 minutes)1) Ss scan Text A to find out vocabulary items related to computer andthe Internet. (They are: virtual life, the net, telecommuter, email,Internet mailing lists, computer-assisted, data, link, cyber-interaction, on line, system crash, click on the modem, connection,password)2) T tells Ss that new terms related to computer and the Internet areconstantly added to the English vocabulary, so much so that many ofthem are not included in any English dictionary. However, if weapply certain rules, their meanings are easy to deduce.3) T gives Ss more examples of computer-related vocabulary items (seeText Analysis).2. T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (25 minutes)3. T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B). (3 minutes)4. Ss do Part IV: Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)5. T asks Ss to prepare the next unit: (2 minutes)1) do the pre-reading task;2) preview Text A.Ⅱ.Text AnalysisThe most dynamic combining forms/prefixes for new computer-and-Internet-related vocabulary in English are cyber-, virtual, Net- (net-), Web-(web-), and E- (e-).New English vocabulary items derived from them usually appear in the following forms:1. combining forms/prefixes + noun: this is the most common type, e.g.virtual life (虚拟⽣活), virtual world (虚拟世界), virtualcommunity（虚拟社区）, virtual office (虚拟办公室), virtual pet (虚拟宠物),virtual reality (虚拟现实),cyber-interaction (⽹络互动),cyberculture(⽹络⽂化),cybernut (⽹⾍), cyberpet(电⼦宠物),cyberspace (⽹络空间), netwriter（发送电⼦邮件的⼈）,nethead (⽹⾍), Webmaster (⽹站维护者), Web page (⽹页), website (⽹站),WebTV (⽹络电视机), E-book (电⼦书籍), E-shopper (⽹上购物者), e-card (电⼦贺卡), e(-)mail (电⼦邮件), e-journal (电⼦杂志),e-business (电⼦商务), e-cash (电⼦货币), e-commerce (电⼦商务). 2. combining forms/prefixes + verb: e.g. cybersurf （⽹络漫游）, netsurf (⽹络漫游), websurf (⽹络漫游)，email (发送电⼦邮件)3. words like cyber, net, etc. + suffix: e.g. cyberian (cyber + ian, ⽹络⽤户), cyberphobia (cyber + phobia, 电脑恐惧症), cybernaut (cyber +naut ⽹络⽤户), netter (net + er ⽹民), Webify (web + fy 使万维⽹化), cyberize (cyber + ize, 使联⽹).4. clipped word: cyberdoc (cyber + doctor, ⽹络医⽣), Netcast (Net +broadcast,⽹络播放), Netiquette (Net + etiquette, ⽹规), Netizen (Net+ citizen, ⽹民,), Netpreneur (Net + entrepreneur, ⽹络企业家),Webcam (Web + camera, ⽹络摄像机), Webcasting (Web + broadcasting,⽹络播放), Webliography (Web + bibliogrpahy, ⽹络书⽬), Webnomics (Web + economics, ⽹络经济), Webzine (Web +magazine, ⽹络杂志), e-tailing (electronic + retailing,电⼦零售), e-zine (electronic + magazine,电⼦杂志)Ⅲ. Cultural Notes1. the Internet: an international computer network for the exchange of information. It was originally used mainly in the academic and military worlds but has since become available to the large and increasing number of people with personal computers. Other services, e.g. the World Wide Web, are available through it.The Internet is changing our lives and a parallel universe is rapidly emerging online. Today there’s scarcely an aspect of our life that isn’t being upended by the torrent of information available on the hundreds of millions of sites crowding the Internet, not to mention its ability to keep us in constant touch with each other via electronic mail. The Internet is saving companies billions of dollars in producing goods and serving the needs of their customers. Nothing like it has been seen since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, when power-driven machines began producing more in a day than men could turn out in nearly a year. The Internet and e-commerce are viewed as a global megatrend along the lines of the printing press, the telephone, the computer and the electricity.You would be hard pressed to name something that isn’t available on the Internet. Consider: books, health care, movie tickets, baby clothes, stocks, real estate, toys and airline tickets. American kids today are so computer savvy that it virtually ensures the United States will remain the unchallenged leader in cyberspace for the foreseeable future. Most kids use computers to play games and have email chats with friends.What’s clear is that, whether we like it or not, the Internet is an ever-growing part of our lives and there is no turning back. 2. NBC (the National Broadcasting Company): the first of the originalthree US national broadcasting companies. It was established in 1926by Radio Corporation of America as two groups of radio stations. Thefirst NBC television channel opened in 1940. The company is nowowned by General Electric. Its main offices are at Rockefeller Centerin New York.3. PBS (the Public Broadcasting Service): (in the US) a televisionsystem that broadcasts programs to an association of local stationswhich use no television advertisements and do not make a profit. Itwas established by the Public Broadcasting Act and is supported bymoney from the US Government, large companies and the public.PBS is known for the high quality of its programs.4. ABC (the American Broadcasting Company): one of the original threemajor television networks in America. It began in 1943 as the BlueNetwork of six radio stations. ABC is now owned by the Walt DisneyCompany .Ⅳ. Language Study1. virtual: 1) created and existing only in a computerExamples: I can visit a virtual store and put what I want in my basket atthe click of a mouse button.Some people spend too much time escaping from reality intothe virtual world conjured up on their computer screens.2) being or acting as what is described, but not accepted as such inname or officiallyExamples: Our deputy manager is the virtual head of the business.Now that the talks have broken down, war in the region looks like a virtual certainty.2. interpret: 1) understand (sth. said, ordered, or done)Examples: They are worried that the students might interpret the new regulation as a restriction of their rights. She interprets the dream as an unconscious desire to be young again.2) give or provide the meaning of,explainExamples: How do you interpret his refusal tosee us?This dream can be interpreted in several different ways.3) translate what is said in one language into anotherExamples: I am terribly sorry, but I don’t understand a word. Could you interpret for me?No one in the tour group spoke Spanish so we had to ask the guide to interpret.3. tone: a particular quality or intonation of the voiceExamples: From the tone of her voice I could tell she was very angry.Suddenly he laughed again, but this time with a cold, sharptone.4. stretch: (cause to) become longer, wider, etc. without breakingExamples: My working day stretches from seven in the morning toeight at night.The child stretched the rubber band to its full extent.5. submit: give (sth.) to sb. so that it may be formally considered (followed by to)Examples: You should submit your reports to the committee.I am going to submit an application for that job in Microsoft.Peter submitted his plans for the new town square to the local government.6. edit: revise or correctExamples: Jack is busy editing Shakespeare’s plays for use in schools.John didn’t finish editing the annual report until the end of lastmonth.7. email: electronic mailExamples: Young people like to keep in touch with their friends via email.I received an email from my studentyesterday.vt. send an email toExamples: I will email you the instant I get thenews.She’ll email me a question before she calls so I can think it overin advance.8. communicate: contact sb. in any way, esp. by speaking to them, writing to them or calling them (followed by with) Examples: Some young people depend heavily on email to communicate with each other.They have been divorced for years and never communicated with each other.9. the Internet: the worldwide network of computer links which allows computer users to connect with computers all over the world, and which carries electronic mailExamples: Whether we like it or not, the Internet is an ever-growing partof our lives.You can take online courses and earn your degree via theInternet whenever and wherever you want to.It’s believed the Internet was born in 1969 when twocomputers at the University of California, Los Angeles wereconnected by a 15 foot cable.10. relationship: state of being connectedExamples: What is the relationship between language and thought?The scientist had a good working relationship with his Americancolleagues.11. at times: sometimesExamples: She has been away from her home for about a year. At times she wishes she had never left. He went on listening to her, at times impatient and at times fascinated.12. take in: absorb (sth.) into the body by breathingor swallowingExamples: The earth takes in heat and light fromthe sun.Fish take in oxygen through their gills.13. data: information, usu. in the form of facts or statistics thatyou can analyzeExamples: This data is stored on the network and can beaccessed by anybody.The data is still being analyzed, so I can’t tell you the results.14. spit: send (liquid, food, etc.) out from the mouth (used in the pattern: spitsth. (out) (at/on/onto sbJsth.))Examples: The baby spat its food out on the table.He took one sip of the wine and spat it out.15. on line: connected to or controlled by a computer(network)Examples: Our system is on line to the maincomputer.The largest online institution is the University of Phoenix, withsome 1000 students today and hopes of reaching 200,000 studentsin 10 years.16. symptom: 1) sign of the existence of sth. badExamples: High interest rates are a symptom of a weak economy.They regard the increase in crime as a symptom of a more generaldecline in moral standards.2) change in the body that indicates an illnessExamples: A cold, fever and headache are the usualsymptoms of flu.If the symptoms persist, it is important to go to your doctor.17. nightmare: a terrifying dreamExamples: Tom didn’t eat fish because it gives him nightmares.Watching horror films gives menightmares.I had a nightmare about falling off theskyscraper.18. conversely: in a way that is opposite to sth.Examples: $1 will buy 100 yen worth of Japanese goods. Conversely, 100 yen will buy $1 worth of American goods. You can add the fluid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the fluid.19. but then: yet at the same timeExamples: The failure of China’s soccer team looks inevitable. But then, anything can happen in football.Mary performed better than the others in the final exam; but then,she spent much longer on it than they did.20. jar: have a harsh or an unpleasant effect (used in the pattern: jarsth., jar on sbJsth.)Examples: You shouldn’t have too many colors in a small space as the effect can jar.The loud bang jarred my nerves.Her squeaky voice jarred on me.21. suck in: (usu. passive) involve (sb.) in an activity, an argument, etc., usu.against their will (used in the pattern: suck sb. in/into sth.; suck in)Examples: I don’t want to get sucked into the debate about school reform.Some teenagers don’t want to get involved with gangs, but theyfind themselves getting sucked in.22. keep up with: learn about or be aware of (thenews, etc.)Examples: Carrie likes to keep up with the latestfashions.He didn’t bother to keep up with the news. His only concern wasto study.23. Work moves into the background: Work becomes secondary to me.24. in sight: 1) visibleExamples: It was early in the morning and there wasn’t anyone in sight oncampus.As the train pulled into the station my parents standing on theplatform were soon in sight.2) likely to come soonExamples: Two months passed, and victory was not yetin sight.The end of the economic nightmare is still nowhere in sight.A solution to the problem of environmental pollution now seemsin sight.25. remark: thing said or written as a commentExamples: The principal of the school made some remarks about educational reform at the meeting. Mr. Smith approached us and made a couple of remarks aboutthe weather.His rude remark about my book jarred on me.26. emotional: 1) of the emotionsExamples: She is grateful to him for his emotional support while she wasin trouble.It’s quite difficult to handle emotional problems.2) having emotions that are easily excitedExamples: Marie got very emotional when we parted, andstarted to cry.It’s said that the Italians are more emotional than we are.27. cue: anything that serves as a signal about what to do or say (followedby to / for)Examples: When he started to talk about the finances, that was our cue toget up quietly and leave.When I nod my head, that’s your cue to giveflowers to him.Mr. Clinton’s excitement was the cue for acampaign.28.1 say a line: I type a line on the screen.29. routine: a fixed and regular way of doing things (oftenadjectival)Examples: The job is really just a dull series of fairly routine tasks. I don’t think you’ll take it.He established a new routine after retirement.30. rely on/upon: depend confidently on, put trust inExamples: Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers to control theflow of traffic.Some children relied heavily on the advice of theirparents.31.abuse: wrong or bad use or treatment of sth./sb.Examples: The World Health Organization (WHO) has published a report on drug abuse and addiction.The policemen are making an investigationof child abuse.32. restore: bring back to a former condition (used in the pattern: restoresth.; restore sb. to sth.)Examples: Law and order will be quickly restored after the incident.Winning three games restored their confidence.Doing sports every day restored the old man to good health.The deposed king was restored to power.33. arrange: prepare or plan (used in the pattern: arrange sth.; arrange todo sth.; arrange for sb./ sth. to do sth.)Examples: Her marriage was arranged by her parents.Let’s arrange to have a dinner together some time before wegraduate.I have arranged for a taxi to pick us up at 8:00 a.m.I could arrange for you to come along with us if you like.34. flee: run away (from) (used in the pattern: flee from/to; fleesomeplace)Examples: The customers fled from the bank when the alarmsounded.During the war, thousands upon thousands of Afghans fled the country.Up to five million political refugees have fled to other countries.35. interview: 1) a meeting at which a journalist asks sb. questions inorder to find out their newsExamples: In an exclusive interview with our reporter, the film star revealed some of his personal affairs.Radio interviews are generally more relaxed than television ones.2) a formal meeting at which sb. applying for a job is askedquestions, as a way of judging how suitable they are Examples: I have been asked to go for an interview for a project I applied for at Harvard University.She has had a couple of job interviews, but nooffers.v.Examples: As a journalist, he interviewed manygovernment officials.After the press conference, the journalist interviewed the UN Secretary General about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.I will be interviewed next week for the Chief Executive’s job.36. appointment: an arrangement to meet or visit sb. at a particular time (followed by with)Examples: You can’t see the president of the university unless you make an appointment.I’ve made an appointment to see my tutor tomorrow.37. click: press or release a mouse button rapidly, as to select an icon (followed by on)Example: When shopping online, you just click the mouse and order what you want to buy.38. tune: a series of musical notes that is pleasant andeasy to rememberExamples: She whistled a happy tune all the wayhome.He was humming a merry tune while cooking.。
