专题09 情态动词和虚拟语气(模拟检测)-2019届江苏高考英语单项填空讲练测精品系列 Word版含解析

考点13 情态动词和虚拟语气【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；尤其要注意＂情态动词+完成式＂是高考中的重点所在。

对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。

【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。

新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。

考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。

试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。

【复习建议】情态动词：1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法；2. 掌握情态动词表达＂情感、态度、语气等＂方面的用法。

虚拟语气：1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1）can，could与be able to1．表示能力，意为＂能，会＂。

☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。

☞If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。

☞I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。

A10 情态动词与虚拟语气30. A10[2018·安徽卷] People are recycling many things which they ________ away in the pas t!A．had thrown B．will be throwingC．were throwing D．would have thrown30．D 考查虚拟语气。

根据in the past可知，说的是过去情况，对过去情况的推测或评说，应使用“情态动词＋完成式”结构。

句意：现在人们回收利用很多东西，而过去他们会将这些扔掉。

故选D。

27．A10[2018·北京卷] ________I have a word with you? It won't take long.A．Can B．MustC．Shall D．Should27．A 考查情态动词。

根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许短时间内的一个交谈。

can表示“能不能”，故选A。

34．A10[2018·北京卷] We ________back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.A．are B．wereC．will be D．would be34．D 考查虚拟语气。

根据条件状语从句中if we didn't lo se the map可知，主从句都是对现在情况的假设，所以选D。

30. A10[2018·全国大纲卷] Although you ________ find bargains in London, it's not generally a cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. needC. mustD. can30．D 考查情态动词。

句意：尽管你能在伦敦找到便宜货，但是它一般不是购物便宜的地方。

此处can意为“能”。

2018届江苏高考英语单项填空讲练测09(情态动词和虚拟语气)──知识精讲情态动词情态动词本身有词义，但是没有人称和数的变化。

情态动词有时态的变化，但是不能独立作谓语。

情态动词可以表示：能力、义务、可能性和允许等意义；情态动词还可以用来给人们：提出请求、提出建议、提供帮助以及提出意见等。

一、can/could的用法1.表示“能力”①I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _______ find the money.A . can B. might C. would D. need【答案与解析】A。

②He _______ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea untilhe had caught it.A. wouldn’tB. shouldn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t【答案与解析】C。

从题干“although he tried to”可锁定答案为 C “couldn’t”。

句意：他搜肠刮肚去想主意，等想到了，试图去睡上一觉，却怎么也不能入睡。

③—How’s your new babysitter?—We _______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. shouldB. mightC. mustn’tD. couldn’t【答案与解析】D。

should应该；might可能，可以；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不可能。

根据句意选D。

句意：“你们新来的保姆怎么样？”“我们不可能找到(比她)更好的保姆了。

我们的孩子们很喜欢她。

”2.表示“允许”与may/might意义接近。

could可用于现在时，只是语气更加委婉、客气，回答时则一般要用can 而不用could。

感悟江苏高考真题：①(2006)—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.—You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.A. willB. mayC. have toD. should【答案与解析】D。

should可用于表示主观看法、建议、劝说，意为“应当, 应该”。

句意：你应该打个电话给他。

你好长时间没与他联系了。

②(2010)—I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.—Don’t worry. You _______ have it by Friday.A. couldB. shallC. mustD. may③(2012)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _______ say where he was.A. mustn’tB. shouldn’tC. wouldn’tD. mightn’t【答案与解析】C。

mustn’t决不，表示禁止；shouldn’t不应该；wouldn’t不愿意；mightn’t 或许不。

句意：几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切很好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。

④(2014)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves , _______ bring me food.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could【答案与解析】C。

might也许；would将；should竟然，居然(用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的)；could能够。

句意：他们，自己如此的贫困，竟然带食物给我，让我很难过。

⑤(2005)—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.—Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties!A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone through【答案与解析】D。

江苏高考英语百日训练之单项填空（60）（情态动词和虚拟语气）1．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.A．should B．couldC．would D．might2．(2019·南京模拟)—Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?—Well, if you ________. I can put on more clothes.A．can B．mayC．must D．shall3．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!—It doesn't matter. You see, accidents ________ happen.A．shall B．shouldC．must D．will4．(2019·常州模拟)—Why didn't you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?—I wanted to, but she simply ________let me go.A．couldn't B．wouldn'tC．shouldn't have D．mustn't have5．(2019·南京模拟)Held inside for too long, regret ________ affect the immune system.A．must B．canC．should D．shall6．(2018·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—It's so cold here! Why haven't you turned on your air conditioner?—Well, it ________ turn on.A．shouldn't B．can'tC．won't D．shan't7．—I know the furniture is expensive but it will last for years.—I ________ hope so too.A．can B．mayC．must D．should8．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—Nowadays people seem to become more and more selfish.—How much better life would be if we ________ to the values of the past!A．were to return B．had returnedC．return D．will return9．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—Penny's baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee table.—Luckily for her. She ________ sick or even died.A．could have got B．should have gotC．must have got D．will have got10．(2019·通、泰、淮、连、扬、徐、宿模拟)Trains to Nantong now only come to the outer city limits, because building the railway tracks into the city ________ many old buildings.A．would have damaged B．damagedC．should have damaged D．has damaged11．(2019·盐城模拟)—Can you give me some advice on how to deal with that tough customer?—I ________ to her instead of trying to explain over the phone if in your shoes.A．will write B．would writeC．were to write D．would have written 12．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)There ________ a slight decrease in his weight but he eats too much.A．was B．could have beenC．had been D．could be13．(2019·通、泰、扬、徐、淮、宿模拟)What a relief! We would still be wandering aimlessly in the woods ______ to bring a compass with you.A．should you forget B．had you forgottenC．you should forget D．you had forgotten 14．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)—I can't believe it. Tom failed the test again!—He would not be so upset now ________ your advice.A．would he follow B．should he followC．did he follow D．had he followed15．It is hard to believe that the heartbroken couple separated in World War Ⅱ could meet again on the same day that they ________ their fifth wedding anniversary.A．should celebrateB．must have celebratedC．was celebratingD．would have celebrated1解析：选C句意：Ann说，无论何时，她爸爸不开心的时候，就会出去买点东西，通常是一些大而无用的东西。

专题09 情态动词和虚拟语气——精讲深剖1. （ 2019 江苏卷） What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ______________ a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】 C【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。

根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句： If+ 主语 +过去完成时 +其他，主句：主语 +should（would, could, might）+ 现在完成时 +其他，故选 C。

2. （ 2019 天津卷） The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ___________________ the task inhalf the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】 D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。

根据上句 the workers were not better organized 可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。

与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句： If+ 主语 +过去完成时 +其他，主句：主语 +should（would, could, might）+ 现在完成时 +其他，故选 D。

3．（ 2018 天津卷） I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm notsure.A． should leave B ．must have leftC． might leave D． could have left【答案】 D。

高中英语语法专项练习情态动词与虚拟语气(单句填空+单句改错+语篇填空)1.They turned off the heating。

so it is cold in the room.2.My mom suggested that we eat out for a change this weekend.3.If there were no modern ns。

we would have had to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.4.When I lived at home。

I could watch TV XXX.5.His room is dark。

so he went to bed.6.It is high time we went home.7.----“I think Helen is at home.”No。

she can't be at home。

for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.”8.My sister advised me to accept the XXX.9.XXX.10.XXX XXX I could dance as well as her.11.The flower is dead。

I should have given it more water.文章：XXX。

ability。

n。

XXX.For example。

in sentence 1.the modal verb "could" is used to express ability。

and in sentence 2.the subjunctive form "suggests that we eat" is used to express a XXX 3.the subjunctive form "were" is used to express a XXX.In sentence 4.the modal verb "could" is used to express XXX 5.the modal verb "should" is used to express XXX 6.the phrase "it is high time" is followed by the subjunctive form "we went" to express that it is XXX do something.In sentence 7.the modal verb "can't" is used to express XXX 8.the verb "advised" is followed by the modal verb "to accept" to express a XXX 9.the verb "wishes" is followed by the past tense "had gone" to express regret or desire for a different past n。

专题09情态动词和虚拟语气—精讲深剖单项选择1.（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had2.（2019天津卷）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished3．（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A．should leave B．must have leftC．might leave D．could have left4.（2018天津卷）If we the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A．had caught B．caughtC．have caught D．would catch5. （2018江苏卷）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I a second chance to become more involved.A．had B．will haveC．would have had D．have had6. （2018江苏卷）It's strange that he have taken the books without the owner's permission.A, would B．shouldC．could D．might单句语法填空7．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.单句改错8.（2018全国II卷）As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.情态动词和虚拟语气是高考全国卷和地方卷的常考点，江苏和天津高考单项填空每年必有一道考查情态动词和虚拟语气的题。

【精选试题】名校模拟题及其答案1. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.”A. doB. didC. hadD. would2. If I hadn’t been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.A. don’t knowB. hadn’t knownC. wasn’t knowingD. wouldn’t know3. “I’ve told everyone about it.” “Oh I’d rather you _____.”A. don’tB. hadn’tC. couldn’tD. wouldn’t4. It has been raining for a day but eventhough it hadn’t rained we _____ there by tomorrow.A. can’t getB. won’t getC. hadn’t gotD. wouldn’t get5. “Do you know his address?” “No I also wish I _____ where he _____.”A. knew liveB. knew livesC. know livesD. know lived6. “Isn’t it about time you _____ to do morning exercises?” “Yes it is. Woul d you like to join us?”A. beginB. have begunC. beganD. had begun7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love at the age of seven with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A. wouldn’t have fallenB. had not f allenC. should fallD. were to fall8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball otherwise he ____ a goal.A. had scoredB. scoredC. would scoreD. would have scored9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed he would not suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie10. Without the air to hold some of the sun’sheat the earth at night ____ for us to live.A. would be freezing coldB. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly11. I forget where I read the article or I _____ it to you now. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. will showB. would showC. am going to showD. am showing12. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”A. He’d better give up drinkingB. He shoul dn’t have drunk so muchC. Health is more important than drinkD. I wonder why he is always doing so13. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.”A. doB. areC. willD. would14. “He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.”A. will comeB. is comingC. cameD. had come15. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.A. should be; be operated onB. were; must be operated onC. was; should be operatedD. was; be operated on16. ______ smoking he would not have got cancer in the lung.A. Was he given upB. Had he given up w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mC. Did he giveD. If he gave up17. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.”A. doB. didC. hadD. would18. “Do you know his address?” “No I also wish I _____ where he _____.”A. knew liveB. knew lives w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mC. know livesD. know lived19. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love at the age of seven with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA. wouldn’t have fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall20. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat the earth at night ____ for us to live.A. would be freezing coldB. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly21.________ fired your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be22.You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would23.—Excuse me. But I want to use your computer to type a report.—You _____have my compu ter if you don’t take care of it .A. shan’tB. might notC. needn’tD. shouldn’t24. He _____ have completed his work; otherwise he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. shouldB. mustC. wouldn’tD. can’t25. I ______ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A. shouldn’tB. couldn’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t26. There _____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A. mustn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t27. I was on the highway when this car went past fol. Lowed by a police car. They ______ at least 150 kilometers an hour.A. should have been doingB. must have been doingC. could have doneD. would have done28. —I’ve taken someone else’s gree n sweater by mistake.—It ______ Harry’s. He always wears green.A. has to beB. will beC. mustn’t beD. could be29. — Catherine I have cleaned the room for you.— Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself.A. needn’t doB. needn’t have doneC. mustn’t doD. shouldn’t have done30. —Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.—She _______. I’ve already borrowed one.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t【答案与解析】1.【解析】选B.It’s time you did 为It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。

情态动词和虚拟语气练习题一、选择题1. If it ___________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not beC. were not to beD. should not have been2. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that __________ something instead of just talking.A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did3．（2019·江苏高二期中）Lucas failed his driving test again. ________ harder, he ______ the test now.A. If he practiced; would passB. Had he practiced; would passC. Did he practiced; would have passedD. Should he practice; would have passed4．（2019·天津高考模拟）______ for the fire at Notre Dame de Paris, a church famous for its large collection of art treasures, I would be there for a visit this summer vacation.A. Had it not beenB. Should it not beC. Were it not beD. If had it not been5．（2019·江苏常熟模拟）How come you have failed again? Were I you, I _______it the first time.A. passedB. would passC. would have passedD. had passed6．（2019·重庆高二期中）I didn’t see your sister at the party. If she ____, she would have met my brother.A．has come B．did come C．would D．had come7. —It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ___________.A. hadn’tB. haven’tC. didn’tD. don’t8. When Edison died, it was proposed that the American people ____ all power in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes in honour of this great man.A. turn offB. turned offC. would turn offD. had turned off9. I’d rather you ____ by train, because I can’t bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.A. would goB. should goC. wentD. had gone10. If he ____ his legs in the last training, he ____ the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in.A. hadn’t hurt; would join inB. hadn’t hurt; would have taken partC. didn’t hurt; would go in forD. didn’t hurt; would have taken part in11. I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I ____ you waiting for such a long time.A. will not keepB. have not keptC. had not keptD. would not have kept12. Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease, she acted as if nothing ____ to her while facing her friends and relations.A. happenedB. would happenC. was happenedD. had happened13. It’s high time that we students ____ even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer.A. workB. will workC. workedD. have to work14. ____ him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake.A. Did I persuadeB. If I persuadedC. If I should persuadeD. Had I persuaded15. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be like today if I _____ all the time for study in the school.A. would have wastedB. had wastedC. have wastedD. should have wasted16. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ____ so much fried chicken just now.A. shouldn’t eatB. mustn’t have eatenC. shouldn’t have eatenD. mustn’t eat17. His suggestion that you ____ once more sounds reasonable.A. tryB. triedC. must tryD. can try18. – Do you mind if we set out earlier tomorrow morning?-- Well, I’d rather you ____.A. don’tB. didn’tC. would comeD. would have come19. -- I ____ to your birthday party last Sunday.-- Unfortunately, you were out on business.A. had comeB. cameC. would comeD. would have come20. ____ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for二、单句语法填空1.They might have found a better hotel if they ________(drive) a few more kilometres.2.If the new safety system ________(put) to use, the accident would never have happened.3.We_________(be) back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.4.If we ________(catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.5.If it ________(be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.6.—I am still on the way. Don't wait for me to have dinner.—Had you bicycled there, we ________(have) dinner together now.7.________(have) I not witnessed the original painting, I would have been fooled by the inauthentic one.8.Our team ________(make it through) last season, but for a serious injury which made one of our top players leave the playing field at the critical moment.9.—Do you have Betty's phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I ________(not be) able to reach her yesterday.10.There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______(have) a second chance to become more involved.11.Have you ever been gazed at, from top to bottom, as if you ________(be) an ancient, foreign relic on display?12.As for those who are living in poverty, they would rather that they ________(receive) some skills rather than some money.13.If only I ________(look ahead) a few days ago！Then I wouldn't have been feeling so worried now.14.It is high time that the child ________(send) to the hospital.15.The man in prison insisted that he ________(do) nothing wrong and ________(be) set free.16.Jane's pale face suggested that she ________(be) ill, and her parents suggested that she ________(have) a medical examination.17.—I still have this pain in my back. This medicine the doctor gave me doesn't work.—Maybe you ________(had taken/should have taken/would take/were to take4选1) it three times a day as you were told.18.I did better, but I still wasn't as focused as I ________(should do/should have been/ should be/should have done4选1).19.I'm sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ________(accomplish) the task on schedule.20.You ________(need not carry) all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant.三、单句改错（北京卷）1.If I haven’t seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn’t have believed it.（重庆卷）2. ---What are you doing this Saturday?--- I’m not sure, but I must go to the Rolling Stones concert.（陕西卷）3. My mom suggests that we could eat out for a change this weekend.（安徽卷）4. I would go to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.（辽宁卷）5. One of our rules is that every student could wear school uniform while at school.（辽宁卷）6. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she lives there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.（北京卷）7. We must have faced the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?（上海卷）8. I mustn’t worry about my weekend--- I always have my plans ready before it comes.（湖南卷）9. If Mr. Dewey should be present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.（北京卷）10. We were back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.11. You may be Tom. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.12. Do I need leave my telephone number and address?13. Have I been informed earlier, I could have done something.14. Just as I am busy, shall you come bothering me with some questions now?15. Would you be fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.16. ---Could you please go shopping with me this afternoon?---Sorry, I couldn’t. I have to take a piano lesson at 2 p.m.17. Your shirt is rather dirty. Will I wash it for you?18. ---Dare your little daughter stay at home alone at night?---No, she doesn’t.19. Cable television is very popular nowadays because it should provide more programs.20. But for their help, we can not have finished the program in time.参考答案一、单选1.【参考答案】A【试题解析】本题考查错综时间虚拟语气。