定语从句导学案
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2024届高考英语二轮复习:定语从句导学案(含答案)2024年高考英语一轮复习——定语从句导学案定语从句概述定语从句(Adjective Clause)是指在复合句中用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句。
这个从句通常由关系词引导,将句子中关系密切的内容用一个句子来表示。
1. 定语从句的引导词:引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有:that、which、who、whom、whose。
关系副词有:where、when、why。
2. 关系词在定语从句中的作用:关系词在定语从句中充当一部分语法成分,并引导定语从句与主句之间的关系。
关系代词的作用有:代替先行词,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
关系副词的作用有:代替先行词所表示的抽象内容,引导定语从句所缺少的成分。
3. 定语从句的位置和结构:定语从句通常位于先行词之后,与先行词之间有逗号隔开。
定语从句的结构与简单句相似,包括主语、谓语和其他修饰成分,只是其主语通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
4. 定语从句的特点:定语从句既起着修饰作用,又起着句子成分的作用。
它插入到主句中,可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
以下是几个例子来说明定语从句的应用:- The book that you borrowed from the library is very interesting.(你从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
)- The student who won the competition received a scholarship.(赢得比赛的那位学生获得了奖学金。
)- This is the place where we met last summer.(这是我们去年夏天见面的地方。
)- Do you know the reason why he resigned from his job (你知道他为什么辞去工作吗?)通过使用定语从句,我们可以给予更多关于名词或代词的描述和信息,帮助读者更好地理解句子含义。
Grammar and Usage Module 1 Unit 1Attributive clause定语从句一、学习目标【知识与技能】1. 感知定语从句的概念、结构与引导词的用法。
who, whom, which, that, whose 的用法。
2. 掌握关系代词【过程与方法】that,的用法。
通过朗读、比较、观察和思考,掌握关系代词who, whom, whose, which,【情感态度与价值观】通过学习定语从句,明白定语从句在阅读和写作中的重要性。
二、学习重点与难点who, whom, whose, which, that,的用法;1. 感知关系代词 2. 灵活运用定语从句。
课时三、学习课时3四、学习过程自学导入Step 1学习任务一:感知什么是定语从句看一看目的是先感知定语【学生活动】girl ) 做定语,形容词beautiful A 修饰名词beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩(book ) (形容词interesting做定语,修饰名词An interesting book 一本有趣的书做一做__________________ 一个好朋友__________________ 一个大教室一个好学生__________________ __________________ 一个小包什么是定语?【教师点拨】点拨定语的定义。
想一想词或_____词的词语叫做定语用来修饰_______【学生活动】朗读下列短语和句子并填空引导定语从句的关系代词以及它们在从句中目的是先感知定语及定语从句的定义和结构、充当的成份。
1.The red team(______________作前置定语)2. The team in red (_______________作后置定语)3. The team who are wearing red (___________________作定语)【教师点拨】点拨定语的定义。
定语从句导学案定语从句一、定义及相关术语She is an English teacher (who likes singing songs . )先行词关系词/引导词 1.指代先行词teacher; 2.在从句中充当成分主语。
1.定语从句:一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或者代词之后,以补充说明该名词并使其具体化。
相当于形容词,翻译成“的”。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词。
关系词通常有下列三个作用:A.引导定语从句; B.代替先行词;C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
关系代词:which、that、who、whom、 whose 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语关系副词:when、where、why 二、关系代词关系代词 that which who whom whose 指代人/物物人人人/物在从句中作什么成分主/宾/表主/宾/表主/宾/表宾定语【练一练】用正确的关系代词填空。
1. The eggs _____________ were in the basket were not fresh.2. The friend ____________ came to supper lastnight wasn’t hungry. 3. The noodles ___________ you cooked were delicious. 4. I have a room __________ window faces south. 5. The girl _______________ I met is Lucy.【注意】 that 与which 的区别先行词指物时,引导词只用that不用which的四种情况:1. 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every ,all 等修饰时。
《定语从句》导学案一、学习目标1、了解定语从句的定义和基本结构。
2、掌握关系代词和关系副词的用法。
3、能够正确运用定语从句来描述人、物、事。
二、学习重难点1、重点(1)关系代词 that、which、who、whom、whose 的用法。
(2)关系副词 when、where、why 的用法。
2、难点(1)如何判断先行词在定语从句中充当的成分。
(2)区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的用法。
三、知识梳理(一)定语从句的定义在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
(二)定语从句的基本结构定语从句由关系词(关系代词和关系副词)引导,关系词在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
关系代词:that、which、who、whom、whose关系副词:when、where、why(三)关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人,也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting (that 在从句中作宾语)The man that is standing there is my teacher (that 在从句中作主语)2、 which 指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
例如:The house which was built last year is very beautiful (which 在从句中作主语)The pen which you gave me is very nice (which 在从句中作宾语)3、 who 指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
例如:The man who is talking to my father is a teacher (who 在从句中作主语)The girl who you met yesterday is my sister (who 在从句中作宾语)4、 whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
班级______________ 姓名___________________Unit 6 DesignRelative Clauses【学习目标】1.掌握定语从句基本含义及用法。
2.能够在文本中判断并分析定语从句。
【自主学习】画出你学习完【合作探究】后对定语从句理解的思维导图。
【合作探究】(一)定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等。
4. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.以上例句中who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
(二)关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。
The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
3.Which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。
学习目标1、掌握定语从句的概念。
2、掌握who/that/which引导的定语从句的用法。
3、熟练运用定语从句的解题技巧。
定语从句:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后,被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,引导定语从句的词有关系代词和关系副词,关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用,同时有做定语从句的一个成分。
1).that-既可指人,也可指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略。
2).which-指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略.3).who-指人,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略。
注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定。
只能用that不能用which的情况:不定代词这一伙儿全用that准没错;先行词前有修饰,一定也要用that(形容词最高级、序数词、the only ,the last等;既有人又有物记得也要用that.关系代词只用which不用that情况1.关系代词前有介词。
2.先行词本身是that. Exercise:一1.He told us about the people and places ______ he visited while staying in London. A. which B. whoC. thatD. whose2. I think the first lesson _______ we are learning is very easy.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. which3. I'm terribly sorry, but there is nothing ______ I can do about it.A. whichB. whatC. whoD. that4. –Nowadays WeChat is very popular among friends.–Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication ______ people like.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whose5. –Do you like the weekly talk show The Reader on CCTV?–Sure. It's a great TV program _______ can develop the habit of reading. (2019鄂州)A. whoB. thatC. whatD. whose6. –Have you found the information about famous scientists _____ you can use for the report?–Not yet. I'll search some on the Internet. (2017曲靖)A. whereB. whichC. whatD. who二Zhong Nanshan is a doctor 1.___ is over 80 years old, but he still exercises 45 minutes every day. He does all kinds of sports 2.___ help him stay healthy. But he is not alone. His coach is his wife 3.___ he has been married for 37 years. With her support, everything 4.___ looks difficult turns out to be fun!In fact, people 5.___ usually exercise with their family may get healthier, because they encourage each other to keep on. It helps to build a closer family relationship 6.___ can lower (降低) our stress in daily life. So why not try a family exercise routine?1. A. who B. which C. what D. whose2. A. who B. which C. whose D. what3. A. what B. whose C. who D. which4. A. who B. which C. that D. whose5. A. whose B. which C. what D. who6. A. that B. who C. whose D. what三1.I like the person who ____(be) friendly to others.2.I like the people that _____ (be) patient with others.四翻译句子:1. 我最钦佩的人是钟南山。
高中英语定语从句导学案高中英语定语从句导学案一、背景介绍定语从句是英语语法中的重要组成部分,也是高考英语中的热门考点。
掌握定语从句的用法和规则对于提高英语表达能力和阅读理解能力具有重要意义。
本导学案旨在帮助学生系统地学习定语从句,为高考英语做好充分准备。
二、核心思想本导学案的核心思想是:通过实例分析、课堂讲解和练习,让学生深入理解定语从句的构成、用法和规则,并能够正确使用定语从句来完成各种不同的句子结构。
三、关键点分析1、定语从句的构成:让学生了解定语从句的基本结构,包括先行词、关系代词和从句本身。
2、关系代词的用法:讲解常用关系代词(如that、which、who、whom 等)的用法和区别,并通过练习加以巩固。
3、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别:让学生明确两种定语从句的使用场景和规则,避免混淆。
4、关系代词省略规则:让学生掌握关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略的规则。
5、复杂定语从句解析:通过实例分析,让学生了解如何处理多个定语从句在同一个句子中的关系。
四、导学案内容1、知识导入:通过简单的句子示例,让学生初步了解定语从句的概念和基本结构。
2、知识点讲解:结合具体例子,详细讲解定语从句的构成、关系代词的用法、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别等核心知识点。
3、课堂互动:提出一些问题,让学生在思考的同时进行讨论,加深对定语从句的理解。
4、练习巩固:提供一定数量的练习题,让学生在实践中掌握定语从句的用法和规则。
5、难点解析:针对学生容易出错的地方进行重点讲解,帮助学生克服难点。
6、拓展延伸:提供一些拓展资料,让学生进一步了解定语从句的复杂用法和特殊规则。
五、总结评价通过本导学案的学习,学生应该能够全面掌握定语从句的基本用法和规则,能够正确使用定语从句来完成各种句子结构,为高考英语做好充分准备。
在学习过程中,教师应该关注学生的理解和应用情况,及时进行指导和纠正。
Unit 4 EarthquakesGrammar the Attributive Clause 定语从句(一) 学习目标:1. 了解定语从句的概念、结构和翻译 2. 学习并掌握定语从句中关系代词的选择 学习重点:定语从句中关系代词的选择 学习难点:定语从句中关系代词的8种特殊情况 Step 1 Lead in 什么是定语? 定语:修饰限定名词,翻译为:......的,分为前置定语和后置定语 Step 2 定语从句 1、定义:定语从句在句中做定语, 修饰主句中的某个名词、代词或整个主句, 被修饰的词叫作先行词。
2、结构:先行词+关系词+从句 先行词:名词或代词 关系词:分为关系代词和关系副词 关系词有三个作用:连接主句和从句,指代先行词,在从句中充当成分 定语从句:是一个意义不完整的句子,缺成分 Step 3 如何选择关系代词 1、定语从句缺主语2、定语从句缺宾语3、所属关系(whose )人 who4、6+2(1)6种情况只能用that不能用which①先行词是anything, everything, nothing, few, all, none, little等词, 或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时。
Have you taken down everything Mr Li said?你记下李先生说的每句话了吗?②先行词被序数词修饰时。
The first place they visited in London was Big Ben.他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
③先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best film I have seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
④先行词被the very, the only 等修饰时。
This is the very dictionary I want to buy.这正是我想买的词典。
定语从句导学案什么是定语从句?定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来进一步说明或限定其所修饰的名词或代词。
在定语从句中,从句作为整体来修饰主句中的名词或代词。
定语从句通常由关系词引导,如:关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that,以及关系副词when, where, why等。
定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词和从句两部分组成。
引导词在从句中充当一定的句法角色。
关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词who/whom/whose: 引导修饰人的定语从句。
- who代替主格,whom代替宾格,whose表示所有关系。
例句:The woman who gave me the book is my teacher.(那个给我这本书的女人是我的老师。
)2. 关系代词which/that/whose: 引导修饰物的定语从句。
- which和that可代替主语和宾语关系的先行词,whose表示所有关系。
例句:Please pass me the pen which/that is on the desk.(请把桌子上的钢笔递给我。
)关系副词引导的定语从句1. 关系副词when: 引导修饰时间的定语从句。
例句:I still remember the day when we first met.(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。
)2. 关系副词where: 引导修饰地点的定语从句。
例句:This is the school where I studied before.(这是我以前研究的学校。
)3. 关系副词why: 引导修饰原因的定语从句。
例句:The reason why he left early is still unknown.(他提前离开的原因还未知。
)定语从句的作用和用法定语从句在句子中起到进一步解释和限定名词或代词的作用,使句子更加具体和明确。
常见用法包括:- 修饰人或物:The book that/which is on the table is mine.(在桌子上的那本书是我的。
定语从句导学案Class Senior 1,Name学习内容:The grammar on page 43-44学习目标:1)明确定语和定语从句2)区分和运用关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句学习方法:预习独学,课堂合作探究。
教师作必要之讲解。
学案使用方法:先依案独学,再在老师的引导下进行理解和运用。
【自主探究】什么是定语和定语从句定语就是对句子中的名词或代词进行修饰或限定的成分。
\根据所学,相信你能找到系列句子中的定语,请在它们下面划线。
(定语常可以翻译为“… 的”)1) His sister is a beautiful girl in a famous college. 2) The student reading by the window is from London.3) We have much homework to do .可见,以上句子中的定语是单词或者短语,这是我们很熟悉的。
那么下边这个句子有定语吗The teacher who devotes all his life to teaching loves his students very much.主句是。
剩下的是。
剩下部分与主句中的the teacher是什么关系呢 .【发现】不难发现,who引导的句子(“献身于教育事业的”)修饰the teacher,可见句子也能作定语,我们称之为定语从句。
它依附于主句,仅仅是整个句子的定语而已。
(【应用】:判断下列句子分别带有什么样的从句:1.He told me that he missed his train last week.2.He told the boy who the car hit that the driver had been caught. 前为,后为【合作探究】1 定语从句的相关要素及其关系(要有耐心,安静而用心地看和理解!)1. 定语从句三要素极其功能:(可以请老师举例说明!)①先行词:(被修饰词),往往位于定语从句之前,也可以说在关系词前。
定语从句复习导学案
Teaching aims
1.理解定语从句的含义
2.认识定语从句的功能和作用
3.掌握五个关系代词和三个关系副词的用法
Teaching points & difficulties
1.自主观察、分析、总结关系代词与关系副词的选取原则
2.在具体的情景中学会简单运用所学的定语从句的知识描述人或事物Teaching procedures
Step 1 温故互查
1.定语从句:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,它的作用相当于形容词
2.先行词:定语从句被修饰的名词或代词被称为先行词
3.定语从句位置:定语从句放在先行词后面。
4.引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词that/ who/whom/which /whose
Step 2 设问导读
如何选择关系词.
关系词的选择取决于从句中的谓语动词。
几种特殊情况下只用who /which /that. 及物动词后面无宾语,要求用关系代词而不及物动则要求用关系副词。
Eg. This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.(stay ,不及物动词) This is the mountain village which I visited last year.(visit.及物动词)
准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
Step 3 . 自我检测
用关系词填空
1. The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
2. I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
3. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
4. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
5. This is the house ________ we have lived for 10 years.
6. I’ve heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.
7.I never forget the day____ we spent together.
8.I never forget the day _____ an earthquake happened in Wenchuan.
Step 4巩固练习.
单项选择
1.There is nobody _________ I can know well.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. what
2.I wonder the student ____ glasses are white ?
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. whose
3.Do you know the reason _____ he missed the school bus this morning?
A. which
B.that
C. whom
D. why
4.I'll never forget the day _________ I first met her.
A. what
B. who
C. which
D. when
5.Is there anything _________ I can help you?
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. what
6.All ____ is needed is a few hands to help with the work.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. things
7.Is this the company _________you wish to work?
A. that
B. where
C. when
D. what
8. He is the only one of the students ____ good at English.
A. who does
B. that are
C. whom do
D. which are
9.The second book ___ I want to read is Harry Potter.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. why
10.The days ___ I spent in the countryside in my childhood was the happiest
time ___ I had ever had in my life
A. when, that
B. that, when
C. which, that
D. that, which。