供应链管理-第一章-练习和答案

（完整版）供应链管理_第三版_Unit1_习题与答案Chapter 1Understanding the Supply ChainTrue/False1. A supply chain includes only the organizations directly involved in supplyingcomponents needed for manufacturing.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate2. A supply chain could be more accurately described as a supply network orsupply web.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate3. The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the overall value generated.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy4. Every supply chain must include all 5 stages.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy5. The cycle view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chain aredivided into a series of activities performed at the interface between successivestages.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate6. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that theprocesses in a supply chainare divided into 2 categories depending on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy7. The objective of customer order entry is to maintain a record of product receiptand complete payment.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard8. The replenishment cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard9. The manufacturing cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate10. The procurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy11. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions, because it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design, because it categorizes processesbased on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate13. Pull processes may also be referred to as reactive processes.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy14. Pull processes may also be referred to as speculative processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy15. All supply chain activities within a firm belong to one of three macro processes –CRM, ISCM and SRM.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy16. There is a close connection between the design and management of supplychain flows and the success of a supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyEssay/Problems1. Explain the 3 decision phases (categories) that must be made in a successfulsupply chain.Answer: The 3 decision phases that occur within a supply chain are supply chain strategy (or design), supply chain planningand supply chain operation. Decisions relate to the flow of information, product and funds. The difference between categories depends upon the frequency of each decision and the time frame over which it has an impact. During the supply chain strategy phase, a companydetermines what the chain’s configurations will be, how resources will beallocated, and what processes each stage will perform. This will establish thestructure of the supply chain for several years. Supply chain planning deals withdecisions with a time frame from 3 months up to a year. The planning phasemust work within the constraints established in the strategy phase. Planningdecisions include which markets to supply from which locations, subcontractingof manufacturing, inventory policies and timing and size of marketing promotions.The supply chain operation phase operates on a weekly or daily time horizon and deals with decisions concerning individual customer orders.Difficulty: Hard答：决策的3阶段发生在一个供应链的供应链战略（或设计），供应链与供应链运作。

供应链管理形成性考核册及参考答案（1）《供应链管理》形成性考核册及参考答案第一次作业（第一---三章）一、名词解释：1、管理模式2、供应链设计3、供应链合作伙伴关系二、单项选择题1、供应链的概念是在（）提出来的。

A. 20世纪60年代B.20世纪70年代C.20世纪80年代D.20世纪90年代2、供应链管理是一种（）的管理思想和方法。

A.集成B.松散C.积极D.消极3、供应链的管理目标呈现出（）特征。

A．一体化 B．集成化C．多元化 D．一元化4、供应链管理是通过企业之间共享库存信息和通过( )传递信息。

A．条形码 B．全球定位系统C. 地理信息系统 D．电子数据交换5、一个企业应尽可能考虑( )供应商或分销商，这样有利于从整体上了解供应链的运行状态。

A．一级 B．二级C．三级 D．多级6、( )的产品能满足基本需要，不会有太大的变化，因而需求稳定且可以预测，并且生命周期长。

A．功能型 B．革新型C．复合型 D．单一型7、从核心企业战略发展的角度设计供应链，有助于建立稳定的( )。

A．供应链规划 B．供应链体系模型C．供应链 D．供应链原则8、对于长期需求而言，合作伙伴要求能保持较高的竞争力和增值率，因此最好选择（）A．战略性合作伙伴关系 B．普通合作伙伴C. 竞争性合作伙伴 D．技术性合作伙伴9、( )伙伴选择主要是面向上、下游企业关系的伙伴选择。

A．纵向 B. 横向C．侧向 D. 外向10、供应链是围绕（）建立起来的。

A．一般企业 B. 中间企业C．核心企业 D. 物流企业三、多项选择题1、供应链管理与物流管理的区别主要有( )A．供应链管理是物流运作管理的扩展B．供应链管理是物流一体化管理的延伸C. 供应链管理是物流管理的新战略D．供应链管理是物流管理的改头换面2、供应链是一个网络系统，由（）组成。

A. 供应商B. 供应商的供应商 C．用户D. 用户的用户 E．客户3、供应链的结构模型分为（）A．条状 B. 网状 C．链状D. 绳状 E．盘状4、不同的供应链结构框架，其设计的策略也是不一样的，目前有三种供应链设计的策略，分别是（）A．基于客户供应的供应链设计策略B．基于成本核算的供应链设计策略C. 基于多代理的集成供应链设计策略D．基于简单代理的供应链设计策略E，基于客户需求的供应链设计策略5、供应链合作伙伴关系的演变经历了以下阶段，即（）A. 职能独立阶段B. 职能集成阶段C. 内部集成阶段D. 外部集成阶段E. 垂直一体化阶段6、合作伙伴关系存在的风险有( )。

供应链运作管理部分习题库一、单项选择题1.（）是生产及流通过程中，为了将产品或服务交付给最终用户，由上游与下游企业共同建立的网链状组织。

AA．供应链 B.合作伙伴 C.联盟组织 D.供应链管理2. 供应链管理的英文简写为：（）。

CA. SSTB. SCC. SCMD. CIMS3. 供应链管理目的：（）。

AA. 既提高服务水平又降低物流总成本B. 在于提高服务水平C. 在于降低物流总成本D. 以上答案都不是4. 供应链特征中不包含的因素有( C )。

A．动态性 B．面向用户需求C．静态性 D．交叉性5. 供应链不仅是一条连接供应商到用户的物料链、信息链、资金链，而且是一条( )。

DA．加工链 B．运输链C．分销链 D．增值链6. 商流是货物所有权的转移过程，是在供货商与消费者之间进行的( )流动。

AA．双向 B．价值C．单向 D．信息7. 供应链是一个网链结构，由围绕( )的供应商、供应商的供应商和用户、用户的用户组成。

DA．主要 B．最终用户C．一级 D．核心企业8. 以最低的成本将原材料转化成零部件和成品，并尽量控制供应链中的库存和运输成本，这种供应链属（）。

CA. 平衡的供应链B. 反应型供应链C. 有效型供应链D. 稳定的供应链9. 选择恰当的供应链战略对企业发展非常重要，在客户市场需求稳定，且生产的产品相对成熟的情况下，哪种供应链更能发挥竞争优势：（）。

DA. 响应型供应链B. 拉动式供应链C. 动态的供应链D. 效率型供应链10. 基于相对稳定、单一的市场需求而形成的供应链，我们称为（）。

AA. 稳定的供应链B. 动态的供应链C. 平衡的供应链D. 倾斜的供应链11. 在市场变化加剧情况下，若供应链成本增加，库存增加、浪费增加时，企业不能在最优状态下运作，此时的供应链是：（）。

DA. 稳定供应链B. 反应供应链C. 平衡供应链D. 倾斜供应链12. 当企业订购的产品数量大、竞争激烈时，合作伙伴选择最适宜的方法是（）。

Chapter 1Un dersta nding the Supply ChainTrue/False1. A supply cha in in cludes only the orga ni zati ons directly in volved in suppl yingcomp onents n eeded for manu facturi ng.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate2. A supply cha in con sists of all parties in volved, directly or in direct ly, in fulfilli nga customer request.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate3. A supply cha in could be more accurately described as a supply n etwork orsupply web.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4. The objective of every supply cha in is to maximize the overall value gen erated.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. The objective of every supply cha in is to maximize the value gen erated for themanu facturi ng comp onent of the supply cha in.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6. Every supply cha in must in clude all 5 stages.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Easy7. The cycle view of a supply cha in holds that the processes in a supply cha in aredivided into a series of activities performed at the in terface betwee n successivestages.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. The cycle view of a supply cha in holds that the processes in a supply cha in aredivided into 2 categories depe nding on whether they are in itiated in resp onse to or in an ticipati on of customer orders.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate9. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chainare divided into 2 categories depending on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy10. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chainare divided into a series of activities performed at the interface betweensuccessive stages. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy11. The objective of the customer arrival process is to maximize the conversion ofcustomer arrivals to customer orders. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate12. The objective of the customer arrival process is to ensure that orders are quicklyand accurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chainprocesses. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate13. The objective of customer order entry is to ensure that orders are quickly andaccurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes.Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate14. The objective of customer order entry is to maintain a record of product receiptand complete payment. Answer: False Difficulty: Hard15. The replenishment cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard16. The replenishment cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. The replenishment cycle is initiated when a supermarket runs out of stock of aparticular item. Answer: True Difficulty: Hard18. The replenishment cycle is initiated when customers load items intended forpurchase into their carts.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard19. The manufacturing cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate20. The manufacturing cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate21. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to theorder entry process in the replenishment cycle. Answer: True Difficulty: Hard 22. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to theorder fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard23. The procurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy24. The procurement cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy25. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions, because it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member ofthe supply chain. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate26. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions, because it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiatedin response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design, because it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design, because it specifies the roles andresponsibilities of each member of the supply chain. Answer: False Difficulty:Moderate29. Pull processes may also be referred to as reactive processes. An swer: TrueDifficulty: Easy30. Pull processes may also be referred to as speculative processes. An swer:FalseDifficulty: Easy31. Push processes may also be referred to as speculative processes. An swer:TrueDifficulty: Easy32. Push processes may also be referred to as reactive processes. An swer:FalseDifficulty: Easy33. All supply cha in activities within a firm bel ong to one of three macroprocesses CRM, ISCM and SRM.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Easy34. There is a close conn ecti on betwee n the desig n and man ageme nt ofsupply cha in flows and the success of a supply cha in.An swer: TrueDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1. Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?a. Customersb. Retailersc. Wholesalers/Distributorsd. Manu facturerse. All of the above are stages withi n a typical supply cha in.An swer: eDifficulty: Easy2.Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?a. Customersb. Retailersc. Wholesalers/Distributorsd. Mercha ndiserse. Comp onen t/Raw material suppliersAn swer: dDifficulty: Easy3. Supply chain profitability isa. not correlated to the value generated by the various stages of the supplychain.b.c. the total profit to be shared across all supply chain stages.the difference between the revenue generated from the customer and the overall cost across the supply chain.d. e. the total revenue generated by the distributor stage of the supply chain. b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Difficult4. Successful supply chain management requires which of the following decision phases?a. b.c.d.e. supply chain strategy/design supply chain planning supply chain operation all of the above a and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate5. The decision phases in a supply chain includea. b.c.d.e. production scheduling. customer relationship management. supply chain operation.supply chain orientation. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate6. The cycle view of a supply chain holds thata. b. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories. theprocesses in a supply chain are divided into a series of activitiesperformed at the interface between successive stages.c. all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customerorder.d. all processes in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customerorders.e. None of the above are true.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate7. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds thata. the processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of activitiesperformed at the interface between successive stages.b. all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customerorder.c. all response in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customerorders.d. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories dependingon whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customerorders.e. None of the above are true.Answer: d Difficulty: Moderate8. Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?a. Analysis cycleb. Customer order cyclec. Replenishment cycled. Manufacturing cyclee. Procurement cycleAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate9. Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?a. Customer order cycleb. Replenishment cyclec. Manufacturing cycled. Procurement cyclee. All of the above are part of the supply chain cycle view.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate10. The customer order cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy11. Which of the following is not a process in the customer order cycle?a. Customer arrivalb. Customer qualificationc. Customer order entryd. Customer order fulfillmente. Customer order receivingAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate12. Customer arrival refers toa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate13. The objective of the customer arrival process is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at thelowest possible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicatedto other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy14. Customer order entry isa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate15. The objective of customer order entry is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at thelowest possible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicatedto other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy16. Customer order fulfillment refers toa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate17. The objective of customer order fulfillment is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowestpossible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicatedto other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy18. Customer order receiving isa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocates product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate19. The replenishment cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy20. The processes involved in the replenishment cycle includea. retail order receiving.b. retail order entry.c. retail order trigger.d. retail order fulfillmente. all of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate21. The processes included in the replenishment cycle include all of the followingexcepta. retail order receiving.b. retail order entry.c. retail order trigger.d. retail order fulfillmente. none of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate22.The processes included in the replenishment cycle include a. order arrival.b. production scheduling.c. retail trigger.d. manufacturing.e. receiving.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate23.The replenishment cycle is initiated whena. the customer walks into the supermarket.b. the customer calls a mail order telemarketing center.c. customers load items intended for purchase into their carts.d. a supermarket runs out of stock of a particular item.e. a product is received into stock at a store.Answer: dDifficulty: Hard24.The manufacturing cycle occurs at the a. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the above Answer: cDifficulty: Easy25.The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle include a. receiving.b. manufacturing and shipping.c. production scheduling.d. order arrival.e. all of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate26.The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle include a. order trigger.b. production scheduling.c. order fulfillment.d. order entry.e. manufacturing order analysis.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate27. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to thea. order receiving process in the replenishment cycle.b. order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.c. order entry process in the replenishment cycle.d. order trigger process in the replenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard28. The manufacturing and shipping process in the manufacturing cycle is equivalentto thea. order receiving process in the replenishment cycle.b. order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.c. order entry process in the replenishment cycle.d. order trigger process in the replenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: b Difficulty: Hard29. The procurement cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: d Difficulty: Easy30. The relationship between the manufacturer and supplier during the procurementcycle is very similar to the relationship betweena. customer and retailer.b. retailer and distributor.c. retailer and manufacturer.d. distributor and manufacturer.e. manufacturer and customer.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate31. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions, becausea. it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in responseto or in anticipation of customer orders.b. it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supplychain.c. processes are identified as either reactive or speculative.d. it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.e. it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard32. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design, becausea. it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in responseto or in anticipation of customer orders.b. it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supplychain.c. it clearly defines the processes involved and the owners of each process.d. it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.e. it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard33. Which of the following statements about pull processes is accurate?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand must be forecast.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: dDifficulty: Easy34. Which of the following is not an accurate statement about pull processes?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in response to a customer order.c. At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. All of the above are accurate. Answer: aDifficulty: Easy35. Which of the following statements about push processes is accurate?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in response to customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: Easy36. Which of the following is not an accurate statement about push processes?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand must be forecast.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. All of the above are accurate. Answer: dDifficulty: Easy37. Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?a. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM)c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)d. all of the abovee. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy38. Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?39.39.40.40.41.41.42.42.43.43. a.b.c.d.e.Internal Relationship Management (IRM)Customer Relationship Management (CRM)External Relationship Management (ERM) SupplyChain Relationship Management (SCRM) none ofthe aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: ModerateSupply chain macro processes include which of the following? a. Internal Relationship Management (IRM)b. External Relationship Management (ERM)c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)d. Supply Chain Relationship Management (SCRM)e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: ModerateActivities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process includea. planning of internal production and storage.b. order fulfillment.c. marketing.d. supply planning.e. demand planning. Answer: cDifficulty: HardActivities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process include all of the following excepta. demand planning.b. marketing.c. sales.d. order management.e. call center management.Answer: a Difficulty: HardActivities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process includea. marketing.b. order fulfillment.c. sales.d. order management.e. call center management.Answer: b Difficulty: HardActivities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process include all of the following excepta. planning of internal production and storage.b. order fulfillment.c. supply pla nning.d. dema nd pla nning.e. order man ageme nt. An swer: eDifficulty: Hard44.Activities in volved in the Supplier Relati on ship Man ageme nt (SRM)macro process in cludea. pla nning of in ter nal product ion and storage.b. order fulfillme nt.c. supply pla nning.d. supplier evaluati on a ndselect ion.e. order man ageme nt.An swer: dDifficulty: Moderate45. Activities in volved in the Supplier Relati on ship Man ageme nt (SRM)macro process in clude all of the follow ing excepta. n egotiati on of supply terms.b. desig n collaborati on.c. supply pla nning.d. supplier evaluati on and select ion.e. supply collaborati on.An swer: cDifficulty: Hard46.The phe nomenal success of 7-Eleve n Japa n is attributed toa. being in the right place at the right time.b. its supply cha in desig n and man ageme nt ability.c. hav ing 9000 locati ons.d. serv ing fresh food.e. none of the aboveAn swer: bDifficulty: Moderate47.A key issue facing Toyota isa. develop ing an in ter net market ing system.b. whether to specialize in a particular market.c. desig n of its global producti on and distributi on n etwork.d. how to impleme nt model cha nges.e. all of the aboveAn swer: cDifficulty: HardEssav/ProblemsExpla in the 3 decisi on phases (categories) that must be made in a successful 1.supply cha in.Answer : The 3 decision phases that occur within a supply chain are supply chain strategy (or design), supply chain planning and supply chain operation. Decisions relate to the flow of information, product and funds. The difference betweencategories depends upon the frequency of each decision and the time frame over which it has an impact. During the supply chain strategy phase, a companydetermines what the chain ' s configurations will be, how resources will beallocated, and what processes each stage will perform. This will establish thestructure of the supply chain for several years. Supply chain planning deals withdecisions with a time frame from 3 months up to a year. The planning phase must work within the constraints established in the strategy phase. Planning decisionsinclude which markets to supply from which locations, subcontracting ofmanufacturing, inventory policies and timing and size of marketing promotions.The supply chain operation phase operates on a weekly or daily time horizon and deals with decisions concerning individual customer orders.Difficulty: Hard2. Describe the cycle view of the processes within a supply chain.Answer: The cycle view divides the supply chain into a series of 4 cycles between the 5 different stages of a supply chain. The cycles are the customer order cycle,replenishment cycle, manufacturing cycle and procurement cycle. The customerorder cycle occurs at the customer/retailer interface and includes all processesdirectly involved in receiving and filling the customer. The replenishment cycleoccurs at the retailer/distributor interface and includes all processes involved inreplenishing retailer inventory. The manufacturing cycle typically occurs at thedistributor/manufacturer (or retailer/manufacturer) interface and includes allprocesses involved in replenishing distributor (or retailer) inventory. Theprocurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface and includes allprocesses necessary to ensure that the materials are available for manufacturing according to schedule.Difficulty: Moderate3. Explain the push/pull view of the processes within a supply chain.Answer: The push/pull view of the supply chain divides supply chain processesinto two categories based on whether they are executed in response to acustomer order or in anticipation of customer orders. Pull processes are initiatedin response to a customer order. Push processes are initiated and performed inanticipation of customer orders. The push/pull boundary separates pushprocesses from pull processes. This view is very useful when consideringstrategic decisions relating to supply chain design, because it forces a moreglobal consideration of supply chain processes as they relate to the customer.Difficulty: Moderate4. Explain the three macro processes within a supply chain.Answer: All processes within a supply chain can be classified into three macroprocesses which are Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM), and Supplier Relationship Management (SRM).Customer Relationship Management (CRM) includes all processes that focus onthe interface between the firm and its customers such as marketing, sales, callcenter management and order management. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) includes all processes that are internal to the firm such as preparation ofdemand and supply plans, preparation of inventory management policies, orderfulfillment and planning of capacity. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)includes all processes that focus on the interface between a firm and its suppliers such as evaluation and selection of suppliers, negotiation of supply terms andcommunication regarding new products and orders.Difficulty: Moderate5. Explain why supply chain flows are important.Answer: Supply chain flows are important, because there is a close connectionbetween the design and management of supply chain flows (product, information, and cash) and the success of a supply chain. The success of many companiescan be directly traced to the design and management of an appropriate supplychain. The failure of many businesses can be linked directly to their inability toeffectively design and manage supply chain flows.Difficulty: Moderate。

供应链管理-第三版-Unit1-习题与答案Chapter 1Understanding the Supply ChainTrue/False1. A supply chain includes only the organizations directly involved insupplying components needed for manufacturing.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate2. A supply chain consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly,in fulfilling a customer request.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate3. A supply chain could be more accurately described as a supply network orsupply web.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4. The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the overall valuegenerated.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. The objective of every supply chain is to maximize the value generatedfor the manufacturing component of the supply chain.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6. Every supply chain must include all 5 stages.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy7. The cycle view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supplychain are divided into a series of activities performed at the interface between successive stages. Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. The cycle view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supplychain are divided into 2 categories depending on whether they areinitiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate9. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in asupply chain are divided into 2 categories depending on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy10. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in asupply chain are divided into a series of activities performed at theinterface between successive stages.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy11. The objective of the customer arrival process is to maximize theconversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. The objective of the customer arrival process is to ensure that ordersare quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affectedsupply chain processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate13. The objective of customer order entry is to ensure that orders arequickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate14. The objective of customer order entry is to maintain a record of productreceipt and complete payment.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard15. The replenishment cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard16. The replenishment cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. The replenishment cycle is initiated when a supermarket runs out ofstock of a particular item.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard18. The replenishment cycle is initiated when customers load items intendedfor purchase into their carts.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard19. The manufacturing cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20. The manufacturing cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate21. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similarto the order entry process in the replenishment cycle.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard22. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similarto the order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard23. The procurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy24. The procurement cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy25. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when consideringoperational decisions, because it specifies the roles andresponsibilities of each member of the supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate26. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when consideringoperational decisions, because it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when consideringstrategic decisions relating to supply chain design, because itcategorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders. Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when consideringstrategic decisions relating to supply chain design, because itspecifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supplychain.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate29. Pull processes may also be referred to as reactive processes.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy30. Pull processes may also be referred to as speculative processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy31. Push processes may also be referred to as speculative processes.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy32. Push processes may also be referred to as reactive processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy33. All supply chain activities within a firm belong to one of three macroprocesses – CRM, ISCM and SRM.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy34. There is a close connection between the design and management of supplychain flows and the success of a supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1. Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?a. Customersb. Retailersc. Wholesalers/Distributorsd. Manufacturerse. All of the above are stages within a typical supply chain. Answer: eDifficulty: Easy2. Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?a. Customersb. Retailersc. Wholesalers/Distributorsd. Merchandiserse. Component/Raw material suppliersAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy3. Supply chain profitability isa. not correlated to the value generated by the various stages ofthe supply chain.b. the total profit to be shared across all supply chain stages.c. the difference between the revenue generated from the customer and the overall cost across the supply chain.d. the total revenue generated by the distributor stage of thesupply chain.e. b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Difficult4. Successful supply chain management requires which of the following decision phases?a. supply chain strategy/designb. supply chain planningc. supply chain operationd. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate5. The decision phases in a supply chain includea. production scheduling.b. customer relationship management.c. supply chain operation.d. supply chain orientation.e. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate6. The cycle view of a supply chain holds thata. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories.b. the processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of activities performed at the interface between successive stages.c. all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customer order.d. all processes in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customer orders.e. None of the above are true.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate7. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds thata. the processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of activities performed at the interface between successive stages.b. all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customer order.c. all response in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customer orders.d. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories depending on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.e. None of the above are true.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate8. Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?a. Analysis cycleb. Customer order cyclec. Replenishment cycled. Manufacturing cyclee. Procurement cycleAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate9. Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?a. Customer order cycleb. Replenishment cyclec. Manufacturing cycled. Procurement cyclee. All of the above are part of the supply chain cycle view.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate10. The customer order cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy11. Which of the following is not a process in the customer order cycle?a. Customer arrivalb. Customer qualificationc. Customer order entryd. Customer order fulfillmente. Customer order receivingAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate12. Customer arrival refers toa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate13. The objective of the customer arrival process is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowest possible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy14. Customer order entry isa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate15. The objective of customer order entry is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowest possible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy16. Customer order fulfillment refers toa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate17. The objective of customer order fulfillment is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowest possible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy18. Customer order receiving isa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes a decision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and the retailer allocates product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takes ownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate19. The replenishment cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy20. The processes involved in the replenishment cycle includea. retail order receiving.b. retail order entry.c. retail order trigger.d. retail order fulfillment.e. all of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate21. The processes included in the replenishment cycle include all of the following excepta. retail order receiving.b. retail order entry.c. retail order trigger.d. retail order fulfillment.e. none of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate22. The processes included in the replenishment cycle includea. order arrival.b. production scheduling.c. retail trigger.d. manufacturing.e. receiving.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate23. The replenishment cycle is initiated whena. the customer walks into the supermarket.b. the customer calls a mail order telemarketing center.c. customers load items intended for purchase into their carts.d. a supermarket runs out of stock of a particular item.e. a product is received into stock at a store.Answer: dDifficulty: Hard24. The manufacturing cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy25. The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle includea. receiving.b. manufacturing and shipping.c. production scheduling.d. order arrival.e. all of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate26. The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle includea. order trigger.b. production scheduling.c. order fulfillment.d. order entry.e. manufacturing order analysis.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate27. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to thea. order receiving process in the replenishment cycle.b. order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.c. order entry process in the replenishment cycle.d. order trigger process in the replenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard28. The manufacturing and shipping process in the manufacturing cycle is equivalent to thea. order receiving process in the replenishment cycle.b. order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.c. order entry process in the replenishment cycle.d. order trigger process in the replenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Hard29. The procurement cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy30. The relationship between the manufacturer and supplier during the procurement cycle is very similar to the relationship betweena. customer and retailer.b. retailer and distributor.c. retailer and manufacturer.d. distributor and manufacturer.e. manufacturer and customer.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate31. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operational decisions, becausea. it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated inresponse to or in anticipation of customer orders.b. it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supply chain.c. processes are identified as either reactive or speculative.d. it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.e. it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard32. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategic decisions relating to supply chain design, becausea. it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.b. it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supply chain.c. it clearly defines the processes involved and the owners of each process.d. it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.e. it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard33. Which of the following statements about pull processes is accurate?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand must be forecast.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: dDifficulty: Easy34. Which of the following is not an accurate statement about pull processes?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in response to a customer order.c. At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. All of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: Easy35. Which of the following statements about push processes is accurate?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in response to customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: Easy36. Which of the following is not an accurate statement about push processes?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand must be forecast.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. All of the above are accurate.Answer: dDifficulty: Easy37. Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?a. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM)c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)d. all of the abovee. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy38. Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?a. Internal Relationship Management (IRM)b. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)c. External Relationship Management (ERM)d. Supply Chain Relationship Management (SCRM)e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate39. Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?a. Internal Relationship Management (IRM)b. External Relationship Management (ERM)c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)d. Supply Chain Relationship Management (SCRM)e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate40. Activities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process includea. planning of internal production and storage.b. order fulfillment.c. marketing.d. supply planning.e. demand planning.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard41. Activities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process include all of the following excepta. demand planning.b. marketing.c. sales.d. order management.e. call center management.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard42. Activities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process includea. marketing.b. order fulfillment.c. sales.d. order management.e. call center management.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard43. Activities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process include all of the following excepta. planning of internal production and storage.b. order fulfillment.c. supply planning.d. demand planning.e. order management.Answer: eDifficulty: Hard44. Activities involved in the Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) macro process includea. planning of internal production and storage.b. order fulfillment.c. supply planning.d. supplier evaluation and selection.e. order management.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate45. Activities involved in the Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) macro process include all of the following excepta. negotiation of supply terms.b. design collaboration.c. supply planning.d. supplier evaluation and selection.e. supply collaboration.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard46. The phenomenal success of 7-Eleven Japan is attributed toa. being in the right place at the right time.b. its supply chain design and management ability.c. having 9000 locations.d. serving fresh food.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate47. A key issue facing Toyota isa. developing an internet marketing system.b. whether to specialize in a particular market.c. design of its global production and distribution network.d. how to implement model changes.e. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: HardEssay/Problems1. Explain the 3 decision phases (categories) that must be made in asuccessful supply chain.Answer: The 3 decision phases that occur within a supply chain aresupply chain strategy (or design), supply chain planning and supplychain operation. Decisions relate to the flow of information, productand funds. The difference between categories depends upon the frequency of each decision and the time frame over which it has an impact. During the supply chain strategy phase, a company determines what the chain’s configurations will be, how resources will be allocated, and whatprocesses each stage will perform. This will establish the structure of the supply chain for several years. Supply chain planning deals withdecisions with a time frame from 3 months up to a year. The planning。

供应链管理-第一章-练习和答案Chapter 1Understanding the Supply ChainTrue/False1. 供应链仅包括直接参与供应所需零件的制造的组织。

F2. 供应链由直接或间接地履行顾客需求的各方组成。

T3. 供应链管理可以更准确地描述为一个供应网或供应网络。

T4. 供应链的目标是产生供应链整体价值最大化。

T5. 供应链的目标是为了供应链的制造环节产生价值最大化。

F6. 每个供应链必须包括所有5个环节。

F7. 供应链的循环观点认为供应链运作的流程可以分为一系列循环，每一个循环在供应链两个相邻的环节进行。

T8. 供应链的循环观点认为供应链的流程被分为两类，这取决于他们是响应顾客订货还是预计顾客订货。

F9. 供应链的推拉观点认为供应链的流程被分为两类，这取决于他们是响应顾客订货还是预计顾客订货。

T10. 供应链的推拉观点认为供应链运作的流程可以分为一系列循环，每一个循环在供应链两个相邻的环节进行。

F11. 顾客到达流程的目标是最大限度地将顾客抵达转化为顾客购买。

T12. 顾客到达流程的目标是确保订单的快速、准确抵达和告知其他受影响的供应链流程。

F13. 顾客订单提交的目的是确保订单的快速、准确抵达和告知其他受影响的供应链流程。

T14. 顾客订单提交的目标是为了维护客户订单入口的记录并完成付款收据产品。

F15. 补货循环发生在零售/经销商的接口。

T16. 补货循环发生在经销商/制造商的接口。

F17. 补货循环从超市失去某一特定的项目的存货时开始。

T18. 补货循环从顾客购买所购买的货物进入他们的手推车时开始。

F19. 制造循环发生在经销商/制造商的接口。

T20. 制造循环发生在生产商和供应商的接口。

F21. 在制造循环中的生产调度的过程与补货循环中的订单录入的过程相似。

T22. 在制造循环中的生产调度的过程与补货循环中的订单完成的过程相似。

F23. 采购循环发生在生产商和供应商的接口。

供应链管理（第三版）章节练习题题库及答案第一章供应链认知（一）判断题（1）供应链不仅是一条连接供应商到用户的物料链、信息链、资金链，而且还是一条增值链。

（T ）（2）传统管理模式是以规模化需求和区域性的卖方市场为决策背景，通过规模效应降低成本，获得效益。

（ F ）（3）供应链管理这一名词最早出现于20世纪80年代，最初是由咨询业提出的。

（T ）（4）让最终顾客更满意是供应链全体成员的共同目标,顾客满意的实质是顾客获得超出他们承担的产品价格以上的那部分“价值”。

（T ）（5）供应链管理是以同步化、集成化生产计划为指导，以各种信息技术为支持，尤其以Internet/Intranet为依托。

（T ）（6）供应链管理整体成本最小化意味着每个节点企业的成本都是最小。

（ F ）（7）从成本方面来看，供应链管理是通过注重产品最终成本来优化供应链的。

（T ）（8）由于供应链节点企业有一个共同的追求目标，所以它们之间不再有竞争性。

（F ）（9）供应链管理中的“零库存”就是指节点企业的库存为零。

（ F ）（10）从系统的观点出发，改进服务、缩短时间、提高品质与减少库存、降低成本是可以兼得的。

（T ）二、单选题1、供应链是（C）结构。

A、直链B、支链C、网链D、环状2、供应链节点企业之间是一种（A ）关系。

A、需求与供应B、支配C、平等D、利益3、供应链管理因企业战略和适应市场需求变化的需要，链上节点企业需要动态地更新，这就使得供应链具有明显的（B ）。

A、复杂性B、动态性C、交叉性D、灵活性4、从20世纪80年代初到20世纪90年代初供应链管理处于（A ）。

A、初级阶段B、发展阶段C、成熟阶段D、建设阶段5、按照道格拉斯·兰伯特的思想，企业主动召回有问题的已售商品，属于供应链业务流程的（ B ）程序？A、订单配送B、反向物流（回流）C、需求管理D、制造流程管理三、多选题1、传统“纵向一体化”管理模式存在的弊端有（ABCD ）。

供应链管理习题答案.docC.供应链与供应链D.供应链与企业C.产品的不确定性A.物料链B.信息链C.资金链3.供应链中需求变异放大的原因是（ABCD ）A.需求预测修正B.订货批量决策乏合作供应链的结构模型主要有：（AB ）D.增值链C.短缺博奕D.价格波动E.缺第一章供应链概述1.供应链随目标的转变而转变，随服务方式的变化而变化，这属于供应链的（D ）。

A.时代性B.协调性C.复杂性D.动态性2.将供应链划分为平衡的供应链和倾斜的供应链，是根据（A ）划分的。

A.供应链容量与用户需求的关系B.供应链存在的稳定性C.供应链的发展进程D.供应链的功能3.从供应链的结构模型可以看出，节点企业和节点企业之间是一种（A ）关系。

A.需求与供应B.支配C.平等D.利益4.对市场的响应速度而言，牛鞭效应表明，越是处于供应链后端，企业响应速度（B ）BA.越快B.越慢C. 一般D.无影响5.英国著名物流管理专家马丁?克里斯托夫说：“21世纪的竞争不是企业和企业之间的竞争，而是（ C ）之间的竞争。

”A.企业内部B.供应链内部二、多选题1.供应链的不确定性主要来源于（ABD ）A.供应商的不确定性B.生产者的不确定性D.顾客不确定性E.库存的不确定性2.供应链是一条连接供应商到用户的：（ABCD ）A.链状模型B.网状模型C.环状模型D.总线模型E.反馈模型5.供应链的特征包括（ABCE）A.复杂性B.动态性C.而向用户需求D.竞争性E.交叉性三、判断题1.供应链由其中的节点所组成，这些节点是指供应链中的实体，包括法律实体、功能实体和物理实体。

（V ）2.供应链是一个网链结构，一个企业是一个节点，节点企业和节点企业之间是一种需求与供应关系。

（J ）3.推动式供应链模式的流程是：消费者购买商品一零售商店一零售配送中心一生产商。

（X ）4.企业一般都利用过去的市场需求来预测未来的市场需求，这样就很容易导致需求信号被不断放大。

第一阶段供应链管理考试试题第一题：名词解释16 分1、供应链定义（传统）供应链由原料供应、生产、批发零售、运输等系列企业组成，原料一次通过链中每个企业变为产品，再通过配送环节交到最终用户手中。

2、供应链基本构成供应商、生产商、分销商、客户。

3、供应链定义（国办发〔2017〕84 号）供应链时以客户需求为导向，以提高质量和效率为目标，以整合资源为手段，实现产品设计、采购、生产、销售、服务等全过程高效协同的组织形态。

4、供应链管理所谓供应链管理，就是把生产过程从原材料和零部件采购、运输加工、分销直到最终把产品送到客户手中，作为一个环环相扣的完整链条，通过用现代信息技术武装起来的计划、控制、协调等经营活动，实现整个供应链的系统优化和它的各个环节之间的高效率的信息交换，达到成本最低、服务最好的目标。

第二题：简答（6*4=24 分）1、供应链战略维度（1）国家供应链，国家谋求全球供应链，保障国家的经济繁荣，以取得大国之间的竞争优势；（2）产业供应链，以全球地域为空间布局，打造某些优势产业的“微笑曲线”，建立从战略资源、金融资本到制造生产再到销售与服务市场的全产业链与价值链。

（3）城市供应链，城市管理的优化，用商流、物流、信息流、资金流、人文流等各种资源的优化组合，以实现发展模式、产业结构、空间布局、运作流程的最优化。

（4）企业供应链，随着信息网络技术的发展，使企业之间的竞争演变为供应链之间的竞争。

2、供应链模式模式创新维度（1）生产型供应链体系：以生产企业为核心打造的供应链，实现了从原材料采购到中间产品加工再到最终产品出厂的一体化整合和全过程协同，内部流程优化和协同能力提高能有效降低生产和交易成本，提高生产和销售效率。

（2）商贸交易型供应链体系：以商贸企业为核心打造的供应链，实现了供应商与销售商之间协同计划、预测和补充产品，时市场变化信息能迅速反馈至供给侧，提高了需求响应速度。

（3）平台供应链体系：以平台企业为核心打造的供应链，是互联网时代新出现的供应链模式。

供应链管理第一章 供应链基本架构1、供应链的基本特征P5（1）复杂性（2）动态性（3）面向用户需求（4）交叉性2、供应链的基本类型P6 （1）稳定的供应链和动态的供应链（2）平衡的供应链和倾斜的供应链（3）有效性供应链和反应供应链（4）推动式供应链和拉动式供应链3、推动式供应链和拉动式供应链的对比P8推动式供应链：指根据商品的库存情况，有计划的将商品推销给客户。

在传统的推式模式中，商品是被“推向”顾客的。

拉动式供应链：在拉动模式中，消费者是供应链的开端，因此也叫需求驱动模式。

第二章 物流理论1、物流的概念P32是以最高效率和最大成本效益，以满足顾客需要为目的，从商品的生产地道消费地，对包括原材料、在制品、最终成品及其相关信息的流动与储存，进行设计、实施和控制的过程。

2、物流的种类P34是以最高效率和最大成本效益，以满足顾客需要为目的，从商品的生产地道消费地，对包括原材料、在制品、最终成品及其相关信息的流动与储存，进行设计、实施和控制的过程。

3、物流管理任务的5个正确P465R 即物流管理的任务可以包括5个正确的（5Rights ）正确的时间、正确的地点、正确的条件、将正确的商品送到正确的顾客手中。

4、物流管理战略的框架P47（1）全局性的战略（物流管理的最终目的是满足用户的需求因此用户服务应该成为物流管理的最终目标，即全局性的战略性目标）（2）结构性的战略（物流管理战略的第二层次是结构性的战略，包括渠道设计和网络分析。

渠道设计是供应链的一个重要内容，包括重构物流系统、优化物流渠道等。

网络分析的内容主要包括：1库存状况的分析2用户服务的调查分析3运输方式和交货状况的分析4物流信息及信息系统的传递状况分析5合作伙伴业绩的评估和考核（3）功能性的战略：物流管理第三层次的战略为功能性的战略，包括物管理、仓库管理运输管理等三个方面。

内容主要有1运输工具的使用和调度2采购和供应、库存控制的方法和策略3仓库的作业管理（4）基础性的战略（第四层次的战略是基础性的战略，主要作用是为保证物流系统的正常运行提供基础性的保障。

Chapter 1Un dersta nding the Supply ChainTrue/False1. A supply cha in in cludes only the orga ni zati ons directly in volved in suppl yingcomp onents n eeded for manu facturi ng.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate2. A supply cha in con sists of all parties in volved, directly or in direct ly, in fulfilli nga customer request.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate3. A supply cha in could be more accurately described as a supply n etwork orsupply web.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4. The objective of every supply cha in is to maximize the overall value gen erated.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. The objective of every supply cha in is to maximize the value gen erated for themanu facturi ng comp onent of the supply cha in.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6. Every supply cha in must in clude all 5 stages.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Easy7. The cycle view of a supply cha in holds that the processes in a supply cha in aredivided into a series of activities performed at the in terface betwee n successivestages.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. The cycle view of a supply cha in holds that the processes in a supply cha in aredivided into 2 categories depe nding on whether they are in itiated in resp onse to or in an ticipati on of customer orders.An swer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate9. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chainare divided into 2 categories depending on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy10. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds that the processes in a supply chainare divided into a series of activities performed at the interface betweensuccessive stages. Answer: False Difficulty: Easy11. The objective of the customer arrival process is to maximize the conversion ofcustomer arrivals to customer orders.Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate12. The objective of the customer arrival process is to ensure that orders are quicklyand accurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chainprocesses. Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate13. The objective of customer order entry is to ensure that orders are quickly andaccurately entered and communicated to other affected supply chain processes.Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate14. The objective of customer order entry is to maintain a record of product receiptand complete payment. Answer: False Difficulty: Hard15. The replenishment cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard16. The replenishment cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. The replenishment cycle is initiated when a supermarket runs out of stock of aparticular item. Answer: True Difficulty: Hard18. The replenishment cycle is initiated when customers load items intended forpurchase into their carts.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard19. The manufacturing cycle occurs at the distributor/manufacturer interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate20. The manufacturing cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: False Difficulty: Moderate21. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to theorder entry process in the replenishment cycle.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard22. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to theorder fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard23. The procurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy24. The procurement cycle occurs at the retailer/distributor interface.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy25. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions, because it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member ofthe supply chain. Answer: True Difficulty: Moderate26. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions, because it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiatedin response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design, because it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customer orders.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design, because it specifies the roles andresponsibilities of each member of the supply chain. Answer: False Difficulty:Moderate29. Pull processes may also be referred to as reactive processes. An swer: TrueDifficulty: Easy30. Pull processes may also be referred to as speculative processes. An swer:FalseDifficulty: Easy31. Push processes may also be referred to as speculative processes. An swer:TrueDifficulty: Easy32. Push processes may also be referred to as reactive processes. An swer:FalseDifficulty: Easy33. All supply cha in activities within a firm bel ong to one of three macroprocesses CRM, ISCM and SRM.An swer: TrueDifficulty: Easy34. There is a close conn ecti on betwee n the desig n and man ageme nt ofsupply cha in flows and the success of a supply cha in.An swer: TrueDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1. Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?a. Customersb. Retailersc. Wholesalers/Distributorsd. Manu facturerse. All of the above are stages withi n a typical supply cha in.An swer: eDifficulty: Easy2.Which of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?a. Customersb. Retailersc. Wholesalers/Distributorsd. Mercha ndiserse. Comp onen t/Raw material suppliersAn swer: dDifficulty: Easy3. Supply chain profitability isa. not correlated to the value generated by the various stages of the supplychain.b.c. the total profit to be shared across all supply chain stages.the difference between the revenue generated from the customer and the overall cost across the supply chain.d. e. the total revenue generated by the distributor stage of the supply chain. b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Difficult4. Successful supply chain management requires which of the following decision phases?a. b.c.d.e. supply chain strategy/design supply chain planning supply chain operation all of the above a and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate5. The decision phases in a supply chain includea. b.c.d.e. production scheduling. customer relationship management. supply chain operation.supply chain orientation. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate6. The cycle view of a supply chain holds thata. b. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories. theprocesses in a supply chain are divided into a series of activitiesperformed at the interface between successive stages.c. all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customerorder.d. all processes in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customerorders.e. None of the above are true.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate7. The push/pull view of a supply chain holds thata. the processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of activitiesperformed at the interface between successive stages.b. all processes in a supply chain are initiated in response to a customerorder.c. all response in a supply chain are performed in anticipation of customerorders.d. the processes in a supply chain are divided into 2 categories dependingon whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation of customerorders.e. None of the above are true.Answer: d Difficulty: Moderate8. Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?a. Analysis cycleb. Customer order cyclec. Replenishment cycled. Manufacturing cyclee. Procurement cycleAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate9. Which of the following is not a cycle in the supply chain cycle view?a. Customer order cycleb. Replenishment cyclec. Manufacturing cycled. Procurement cyclee. All of the above are part of the supply chain cycle view.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate10. The customer order cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy11. Which of the following is not a process in the customer order cycle?a. Customer arrivalb. Customer qualificationc. Customer order entryd. Customer order fulfillmente. Customer order receivingAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate12. Customer arrival refers toa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate13. The objective of the customer arrival process is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at thelowest possible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicatedto other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy14. Customer order entry isa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate15. The objective of customer order entry is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at thelowest possible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicatedto other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy16. Customer order fulfillment refers toa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocating product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate17. The objective of customer order fulfillment is toa. get the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowestpossible cost.b. maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.c. maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.d. ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicatedto other affected supply chain processes.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy18. Customer order receiving isa. the point in time when the customer has access to choices and makes adecision regarding a purchase.b. the customer informing the retailer of what they want to purchase and theretailer allocates product to the customer.c. the process where product is prepared and sent to the customer.d. the process where the customer receives the product and takesownership.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate19. The replenishment cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy20. The processes involved in the replenishment cycle includea. retail order receiving.b. retail order entry.c. retail order trigger.d. retail order fulfillmente. all of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate21. The processes included in the replenishment cycle include all of the followingexcepta. retail order receiving.b. retail order entry.c. retail order trigger.d. retail order fulfillmente. none of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate22.The processes included in the replenishment cycle include a. order arrival.b. production scheduling.c. retail trigger.d. manufacturing.e. receiving.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate23.The replenishment cycle is initiated whena. the customer walks into the supermarket.b. the customer calls a mail order telemarketing center.c. customers load items intended for purchase into their carts.d. a supermarket runs out of stock of a particular item.e. a product is received into stock at a store.Answer: dDifficulty: Hard24.The manufacturing cycle occurs at the a. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the above Answer: cDifficulty: Easy25.The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle include a. receiving.b. manufacturing and shipping.c. production scheduling.d. order arrival.e. all of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate26.The processes involved in the manufacturing cycle include a. order trigger.b. production scheduling.c. order fulfillment.d. order entry.e. manufacturing order analysis.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate27. The production scheduling process in the manufacturing cycle is similar to thea. order receiving process in the replenishment cycle.b. order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.c. order entry process in the replenishment cycle.d. order trigger process in the replenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard28. The manufacturing and shipping process in the manufacturing cycle is equivalentto thea. order receiving process in the replenishment cycle.b. order fulfillment process in the replenishment cycle.c. order entry process in the replenishment cycle.d. order trigger process in the replenishment cycle.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Hard29. The procurement cycle occurs at thea. customer/retailer interface.b. retailer/distributor interface.c. distributor/manufacturer interface.d. manufacturer/supplier interface.e. none of the aboveAnswer: d Difficulty: Easy30. The relationship between the manufacturer and supplier during the procurementcycle is very similar to the relationship betweena. customer and retailer.b. retailer and distributor.c. retailer and manufacturer.d. distributor and manufacturer.e. manufacturer and customer.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate31. The cycle view of the supply chain is useful when considering operationaldecisions, becausea. it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in responseto or in anticipation of customer orders.b. it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supplychain.c. processes are identified as either reactive or speculative.d. it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.e. it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.Answer: bDifficulty: Hard32. The push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategicdecisions relating to supply chain design, becausea. it categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in responseto or in anticipation of customer orders.b. it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supplychain.c. it clearly defines the processes involved and the owners of each process.d. it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.e. it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.Answer: aDifficulty: Hard33. Which of the following statements about pull processes is accurate?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand must be forecast.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: dDifficulty: Easy34. Which of the following is not an accurate statement about pull processes?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in response to a customer order.c. At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. All of the above are accurate. Answer: aDifficulty: Easy35. Which of the following statements about push processes is accurate?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in response to customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: Easy36. Which of the following is not an accurate statement about push processes?a. May also be referred to as speculative processes.b. Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.c. At the time of execution, demand must be forecast.d. May also be referred to as reactive processes.e. All of the above are accurate. Answer: dDifficulty: Easy37. Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?a. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM)c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)d. all of the abovee. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy38. Supply chain macro processes include which of the following?39.39.40.40.41.41.42.42.43.43. a.b.c.d.e.Internal Relationship Management (IRM)Customer Relationship Management (CRM)External Relationship Management (ERM) SupplyChain Relationship Management (SCRM) none ofthe aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: ModerateSupply chain macro processes include which of the following? a. Internal Relationship Management (IRM)b. External Relationship Management (ERM)c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)d. Supply Chain Relationship Management (SCRM)e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: ModerateActivities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process includea. planning of internal production and storage.b. order fulfillment.c. marketing.d. supply planning.e. demand planning. Answer: c Difficulty: HardActivities involved in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) macro process include all of the following excepta. demand planning.b. marketing.c. sales.d. order management.e. call center management.Answer: a Difficulty: HardActivities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process includea. marketing.b. order fulfillment.c. sales.d. order management.e. call center management.Answer: bDifficulty: HardActivities involved in the Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) macro process include all of the following excepta. planning of internal production and storage.b. order fulfillment.c. supply pla nning.d. dema nd pla nning.e. order man agementAn swer: eDifficulty: Hard44. Activities in volved in the Supplier Relati on ship Man ageme nt (SRM) macro process in cludea. pla nning of in ter nal product ion andstorageb. order fulfillme nt.c. supply pla nning.d. supplier evaluati on and select ion.e. order man ageme nt.An swer: dDifficulty: Moderate45. Activities in volved in the Supplier Relati on ship Man ageme nt (SRM) macroprocess in clude all of the follow ing excepta. n egotiati on of supply terms.b. desig n collaborati on.c. supply pla nning.d. supplier evaluati on and selection.e. supply collaborati on.An swer: cDifficulty: Hard46. The phe nomenal success of 7-Eleve n Japa n is attributed toa. being in the right place at the right time.b. its supply cha in desig n and man ageme nt ability.c. hav ing 9000 locati ons.d. serv ing fresh food.e. none of the aboveAn swer: bDifficulty: Moderate47. A key issue facing Toyota isa. develop ing an in ter net market ing system.b. whether to specialize in a particular market.c. desig n of its global producti on and distributi on n etwork.d. how to impleme nt model cha nges.e. all of the aboveAn swer: cDifficulty: HardEssay/Problems1. Expla in the 3 decisi on phases (categories) that must be made in a successfulsupply cha in.Answer : The 3 decision phases that occur within a supply chain are supply chain strategy (or design), supply chain planning and supply chain operation. Decisions relate to the flow of information, product and funds. The difference betweencategories depends upon the frequency of each decision and the time frame over which it has an impact. During the supply chain strategy phase, a companydetermines what the chain ' s configurations will be, how resources will beallocated, and what processes each stage will perform. This will establish thestructure of the supply chain for several years. Supply chain planning deals withdecisions with a time frame from 3 months up to a year. The planning phase must work within the constraints established in the strategy phase. Planning decisionsinclude which markets to supply from which locations, subcontracting ofmanufacturing, inventory policies and timing and size of marketing promotions.The supply chain operation phase operates on a weekly or daily time horizon and deals with decisions concerning individual customer orders.Difficulty: Hard2. Describe the cycle view of the processes within a supply chain.Answer: The cycle view divides the supply chain into a series of 4 cycles between the 5 different stages of a supply chain. The cycles are the customer order cycle,replenishment cycle, manufacturing cycle and procurement cycle. The customerorder cycle occurs at the customer/retailer interface and includes all processesdirectly involved in receiving and filling the customer. The replenishment cycleoccurs at the retailer/distributor interface and includes all processes involved inreplenishing retailer inventory. The manufacturing cycle typically occurs at thedistributor/manufacturer (or retailer/manufacturer) interface and includes allprocesses involved in replenishing distributor (or retailer) inventory. Theprocurement cycle occurs at the manufacturer/supplier interface and includes allprocesses necessary to ensure that the materials are available for manufacturing according to schedule.Difficulty: Moderate3. Explain the push/pull view of the processes within a supply chain.Answer: The push/pull view of the supply chain divides supply chain processesinto two categories based on whether they are executed in response to acustomer order or in anticipation of customer orders. Pull processes are initiatedin response to a customer order. Push processes are initiated and performed inanticipation of customer orders. The push/pull boundary separates pushprocesses from pull processes. This view is very useful when consideringstrategic decisions relating to supply chain design, because it forces a moreglobal consideration of supply chain processes as they relate to the customer.Difficulty: Moderate4. Explain the three macro processes within a supply chain.Answer: All processes within a supply chain can be classified into three macroprocesses which are Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM), and Supplier Relationship Management (SRM).Customer Relationship Management (CRM) includes all processes that focus onthe interface between the firm and its customers such as marketing, sales, callcenter management and order management. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM) includes all processes that are internal to the firm such as preparation ofdemand and supply plans, preparation of inventory management policies, orderfulfillment and planning of capacity. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)includes all processes that focus on the interface between a firm and its suppliers such as evaluation and selection of suppliers, negotiation of supply terms andcommunication regarding new products and orders.Difficulty: Moderate5. Explain why supply chain flows are important.Answer: Supply chain flows are important, because there is a close connectionbetween the design and management of supply chain flows (product, information, and cash) and the success of a supply chain. The success of many companiescan be directly traced to the design and management of an appropriate supplychain. The failure of many businesses can be linked directly to their inability toeffectively design and manage supply chain flows.Difficulty: Moderate。

同步测试一、单项选择题1、以下选项中，（）可以说是最普遍的采购途径A、以货币换取物品B、租赁C、借贷D、交换2、下列不属于有形物品采购范围的是（）A、织布用的面纱B、清洁用具C、催化剂D、维护3、以下哪一项属于无形采购对象（）A、工程发包B、原料C、辅料D、事务用品4、从世界范围来说，对于一个典型的企业采购成本（包括原材料、零部件）要占（）A、40%B、50%C、60%D、70%5、以汽车为例，20世纪50年代的开发周期约为20年，70年代缩短为10年，80年代缩短为5年，90年代则进一步缩短为3年左右，这说明采购管理具有（）的作用。

A、对产品设计与革新的贡献B、产品标准化C、提高企业部门间的协作水平D、增强柔性6、对采购与采购管理之间关系表述不正确的是（）A、采购本身涉及具体管理工作；B、采购属于采购管理C、采购管理可直接管到具体的业务D、采购和采购管理完全不一样7、采购管理的最基本的目标是（）A、为企业提供所需要的货物B、尽可能降低采购成本C、使库存降到最低限度D、保证采购物料的质量8、每一条供应链的目标是（）。

A.整体价值最大化B.整体成本最小化C.整体收益最大D.整体资金规模大9.、供应链管理的目标是（）。

AA.提高顾客的满意度B.占领市场C.集成化管理D.参与竞争10、供应链管理把资源的范围扩展到（）A、供应商B、分销商C、整体供应链D、其他节点企业二、多项选择题1、根据采购输出的结果可分为（）A、工业采购B、有形采购C、无形采购D、消费采购E、开发采购2、人们提出采购管理中的“5R”原则包括（）A、适时B、适质C、适价D、适量E、适地3、属于分散采购的优点的有（）A、对利润中心直接负责B、对内部用户更强烈的客户导向C、较少的官僚采购程序D、与供应商直接沟通E、更少的内部协调4、供应链按研究对象分为（）。

A、企业供应链B、产品供应链C、“A”形供应链D、基于合作伙伴关系的供应链5、对于供应链管理，下面正确的是( )。

国家开放大学《供应链管理》章节测试参考答案第一章供应链管理基础一、重点名词1.供应链——是指产品在到达消费者手中之前所涉及的原材料供应商、生产商、批发商、零售商以及最终消费者组成的供需网络，即由物料获取、物料加工，并将成品送到用户手中这一过程所涉及的企业和部门组成的一个网络。

2.供应链管理——利用计算机网络技术全面规划供应链中的商流、物流、信息流、资金流等，并进行计划、组织、协调与控制。

3.管理模式——是一种系统化的指导与控制方法，它把企业中的人、财、物和信息等资源，高质量、低成本、快速及时地转换为市场所需要的产品和服务。

二、单项选择题1.企业一般利用（）来缓解自己对市场和上下游企业信息缺失所造成的反应脱节状况。

A.运输B.库存C.配送D.信息2.我国目前的国际制造中心的地位正是国际大企业不断把业务（）到我国的直接后果。

A.承包B.外包C.分包D.总包3.在目前产品极大丰富的新经济时代所依赖的市场环境是（）市场环境。

A.买方B.卖方C.双方D.对方4.随着知识经济和信息化时代的到来，许多企业为适应形式的转变，自觉对其组织结构进行调整，（）结构成为重要趋势。

A.横向化B.纵向化C.扁平化D.立体化5.供应链的概念是在（）提出来的。

A.20世纪60年代B.20世纪70年代C.20世纪80年代D.20世纪90年代6.现代供应链更加注重围绕（）的网链关系。

A.一般企业B.重要企业C.所有企业D.核心企业7.根据供应链存在的（）划分，可以将供应链分为稳定的和动态的供应链。

A.稳定性B.容量C.可靠性D.动态性8.在巨大的经济浪潮的冲击下，市场竞争已不再是单纯的企业与企业之间的竞争，而是供应链与（）之间的竞争。

A.企业B.供应链C.客户D.供应商9.供应链管理是一种（）的管理思想和方法。

A.集成B.松散C.积极D.消极10.供应链的管理目标呈现出（）特征。

A.一体化B.集成化C.多元化D.一元化11.供应链管理是一种全新的管理理念和方法，其核心是强调运用（）的思想和理念指导企业的行为实践。