中美贸易战(英文)PPT

Trade War•唐纳德特朗普是美国商人、电视真人秀、政客、总统。

Donald trump is an American businessman, reality TV show, politician and President.•在商人期间，特朗普建造了办公大楼、酒店、娱乐、高尔夫球场和世界各地其他有名的建筑。

During his time as a businessman, trump built office buildings, hotels, entertainment, golf courses and other famous buildings around the world.•特朗普的精神问题有以下几点，推特治国、退出TTP、巴黎气候协定、伊核协议、联合国教科文组织等等。

Trump's spiritual problems include the rule of twitter, the withdrawal of the TTP, the Paris climate agreement, the Iranian nuclear agreement, UNESCO and others.•他的他经常性侵犯女性，以至于她们现在纷纷来起诉他。

He was so often sexually assaulting women that they are now suing him.•他指定他的女儿和女婿作为总统助理和高级顾问。

He appointed his daughter and son-in-law as presidential aides and senior advisers.•他上任24小时就推翻了奥巴马医保法案。

He overthrew obamacare within 24 hours of taking office.•发布禁止穆斯林入境指令和修建美墨边境墙。

CHAPTER中美两国自18世纪起就有了贸易往来，早期主要以农产品和手工业品为主。

早期贸易往来进入20世纪后，中美贸易逐渐扩展到工业制成品和高科技产品领域。

近代贸易发展随着全球化的深入发展，中美贸易已成为世界贸易体系中的重要组成部分。

当代贸易格局中美贸易历史回顾中美贸易规模庞大，涉及商品种类繁多，双边贸易额持续增长。

贸易规模贸易结构贸易摩擦中美贸易结构不断优化，高科技产品、服务贸易等比重逐渐增加。

近年来，中美贸易摩擦不断，涉及关税、知识产权保护等问题，但总体保持稳定发展。

030201当前中美贸易现状中美两国经济具有互补性，贸易往来有助于促进双方经济发展。

经济互补性中美贸易对全球经济具有重要影响，两国合作有助于维护全球贸易稳定。

全球影响力中美贸易在科技创新领域具有广泛合作空间，有助于推动全球科技进步。

科技创新推动中美贸易重要性分析CHAPTER美国对华贸易政策出口管制政策美国对华实施一系列出口管制措施，限制高科技产品和敏感技术向中国出口，以维护国家安全和竞争优势。

关税政策美国对华部分进口商品加征关税，包括多个领域的产品，旨在保护国内产业和市场。

投资审查机制美国通过外资投资审查机制，对涉及国家安全的中国投资进行严格审查。

促进进口政策中国积极扩大自美进口，推动贸易平衡发展，满足国内消费升级需求。

反制措施针对美国的贸易保护主义行为，中国采取了一系列反制措施，包括加征关税、限制进口等。

投资开放政策中国继续扩大对外开放，优化外商投资环境，吸引更多美国企业来华投资。

中国对美国贸易政策世界贸易组织规则双边贸易协议知识产权保护协议市场准入承诺双方贸易法规及协议中美双方均承诺遵守世界贸易组织规则，维护多边贸易体制的稳定和发展。

中美双方在知识产权保护领域达成了多项协议，加强合作和交流，共同打击侵权行为。

中美双方签署了多个双边贸易协议，涉及多个领域和方面，为两国经贸合作提供了法律保障。

中美双方在市场准入方面做出了相互承诺，推动贸易和投资自由化便利化。

中美贸易摩擦（Sino-US trade friction）Chinese factors have promoted the rise of the United StatesOn November 15th, President Obama paid a state visit to china. How to avoid trade friction between China and the United States is also an important topic of Obama's trip. Some people in the United States believe that China's large trade surplus with the United States has contributed to the rapid development of China's economy. In fact, today's Sino US trade is a win-win situation for both countries. More than 200 years ago, the newly independent America gained more and greater benefits from its trade with china.1., the United States faces many difficulties after independenceIn November 1782, after 6 years of the war of independence, the United States received the British recognition in the Treaty of Paris. During the war of independence, many states in the United States issued large amounts of paper money to pay for their military expenses, causing serious inflation, and armed revolt against poor citizens and white indentured slaves broke out everywhere. Not only that, but in the early days of independence, the United States faced three difficulties: backward manufacturing, social poverty and tight government revenues. The United States was the lack of an independent system of light industry, per capita industrialization level is much lower than that of Britain and France and other countries in Western Europe, is also lower than China, urban and rural residents can not self necessities of life (for example, before 1840s, the United States can not be large-scaleproduction of porcelain).The harsh international environment has exacerbated the difficulties in the United states. In retaliation for the United States, the United Kingdom not only cancelled all trade preferences for the 13 colonies in North America, but also deliberately raised tariffs on American goods and prohibited American ships from entering Canada and the West indies. Against this background, the ruling elite of the United States turned their attention to the developed, affluent and friendly Eastern powers, China, in their minds.2. Guangzhou residents said the "Citi china"In 1784, under the support of the U.S. government, sailing "China empress of departure from New York, the ship loaded with ginseng, leather, sweater, pepper, cotton, lead and silver goods, with the U.S. government certificate seal cover. The governor of New York, U.S. officials think, "Chinese Queen" will be exposed to China officials at all levels of various important figures, therefore also wrote a series of title certificate: the monarch, the emperor, kings, princes, dukes, earls, barons, and Lord Mayor, members......Six months later, the empress of China arrived at the then China's only maritime trading port, Guangzhou. Guangzhou residents after learning it from a new country, think it's flag there are 13 stars garish, and 13 lines, so the country known as the "American", nicknamed "Citi people" in this country, they shipped ginseng called "Citi ginseng" or "ginseng". Later, even "Citibank" (translated as city bank) was also called"Citibank"".After 4 months, all China empress goods sell, the crew to buy tea, porcelain, silk, ivory carving, lacquer, cinnamon, cinnamon and other goods China gold embroidery, returned to New York in May 1785, and lasted for two months a year. Chinese goods became popular in New York, forming the first "Chinese craze" in American history". George Washington, the first president of the United States, also made a list of some of the goods brought back by the empress of china. The voyage, a total investment of $120 thousand, net profit of $more than 30 thousand. The business agent on a ship called Chinese praised Mao Shan businessmen "intelligent, accurate in the diary, trading punctual", and "good moral character". He submitted a report to the U.S. Congress, called "sailing through the earth with the very Eastern link", Congress on the voyage was satisfied, Samuel Shaw was appointed U.S. ambassador to Guangzhou's first consul.In April 20, 2006, China President Hu Jintao in the United States President Barack Bush in the White House held a welcoming ceremony speech, the one mentioned in the beginning "Chinese empress:" 1784 (Qian Long forty-nine years), American merchant ship "Queen Chinese" across the ocean sea voyage Chinese, opened a prelude to the friendly exchanges between the two peoples."3., China's trade with the United States greatly benefitThe success of the Chinese Queen's maiden voyage made American businessmen feel that direct trade between China and the UnitedStates was indeed profitable. The US government immediately introduced preferential policies such as taxes and subsidies to protect trade with China, and American merchant ships sailed to Guangzhou. The goods bought China businessmen often underfunded American businessman. In this regard, American businessmen believe that Chinese businessmen are "faithful, faithful and reliable" in all transactions and are generous in their compliance with contracts".In 1790, the proportion of trade with China in the United States in foreign trade rose to 1 / 7 ($14.28%), which is even higher than the 2007 China trade accounted for the proportion of American foreign trade (U.S. Commerce Department data released in 2008 12.4%). Since then, the US trade with China has continued to expand. From 1791 to 1841,US trade with China has increased by 6 times.Before 1792, the United States had become China's second largest trading partner, second only to the United kingdom. In 1833, China's total imports from the United States accounted for 19.3% of China's total imports from Europe and the United states. Of course, as foreign trade accounted for a small share of China's total economy, China did not rely on the US market as much as it does today.The massive trade with China has benefited the business, the bourgeoisie, the common people and the government of the United states.As for the ordinary people as producers, the trade with Chinahas brought market demand and income has increased. At the beginning of the Sino US trade, American businessmen learned that the Chinese loved a kind of "fragrant grass roots", so they bought ginseng on a large scale throughout the country. The United States all over the newspapers are filled with the acquisition of ginseng advertising, then along the Hudson River and the new men and women, old and young in the west of England, the hills mining wild ginseng. In the 1804~1829 year, the United States exports 1817 ginseng to China every year. ("burden" is a unit of volume, about 50 kilograms of solid objects.).For ordinary consumers as a consumer, trade with China has also reduced the cost of living and improved the quality of life. 1800~1804 years, Americans bought 68.7% of China's exports of cotton cloth from Guangzhou, and Chinese porcelain was widely regarded by Western businessmen as "goods of extremely high value and low price". In 1797, the average number of Nanjing blue and white tea sets in Guangzhou was 9 cents a piece, and the tableware was 12 cents a piece. Dealer in Philadelphia Woln wrote in 1820: "Chinese porcelain has been replaced by a British vessel, high and middle class all use, even the poorest families can also boast their work after a buy several pieces of porcelain Chinese. The girl got married, almost no dowry send China tea." Therefore, he believes that Chinese goods (porcelain, silk, tea) have become the necessities of the United States, the importance of almost the same as bread.For the commercial bourgeoisie, trade with China is a huge profit (exports of fur, wood, to 10 times the original price to 20 times sold in Guangzhou; the acquisition of Guangzhou in China, in the United States in 2 times the original price forsale), New York, Philadelphia, Boston city merchants, through trade with China realized the original accumulation of capital.At the beginning of the founding of the United States, the high tariff policy of trade protectionism, which accounted for about 1 / 7 of China's total foreign trade, brought huge tax to the US government and eased the financial difficulties. In China for example, the United States government since 1796 on American ships carrying China porcelain 15% levy ad valorem taxes for other countries, China porcelain vessels carrying is 16.5% tax.4. the United States shipbuilding and shipping technology thus developedThe Americans came to Guangzhou when the face is almost unlimited Chinese market, but the industry was also developed, sparsely populated with (independent only about 2000000), higher labor costs, domestic goods are competitive in the market is not much Chinese. As a result, American merchant ships transported a third country cargo to china. In 1825, US exports to China were worth about $5 million 410 thousand (another source called $5 million 500 thousand) for third country goods, worth only $160 thousand, and third country goods were 30 times more expensive than American goods.In search of goods that can be sold in Guangzhou, Americans are active all over the world.In 1787, starting from Boston's "Columbia" and "Washington" around the southern tip of the horn to the northwest coast ofNorth America, with its chisel contained a class of iron tools and buttons, snuffboxes, earrings and other cheap gadgets for Indian sea otter, then go to Guangzhou in exchange for tea, home via Cape of Good Hope. The "alliance", starting from Philadelphia, via South Australia to Guangzhou. At the same time, American businessmen also carry out seals, sandalwood, trade, these goods can be equivalent to the original price 10 times to 30 times the price sold in Guangzhou.Around 1805, American traders began exporting opium to China, and almost all American traders who were trading with China took part in the dirty business. At that time, the main opium producing region, India, was monopolized by the British East India Co, and American businessmen could not afford to encroach on it. American businessmen discovered opium and Persian opium in Turkey. American merchant Astor bought furs from the northwest coast of North America and shipped them to the Mediterranean port of Osman, Turkey's empire, in exchange for opium from Turkey and then shipped opium to china. In the process, as American merchant ships were attacked by pirates, the American Navy entered the Mediterranean, attacked pirates, and attacked the North African seaport city, the first naval operation by the United States navy. In addition, for the British American businessman from India shipped to Guangzhou for sale with opium, commission and 1% from 3% in the bonus.American ocean navigation focusing on opening up China market,The United States has greatly contributed to the development of the shipbuilding industry and shipping technology, American merchant ship speed so that Britain and France's surprise, theQing Dynasty "Guangzhou Customs record" in the United States "ready to ship, as he can do the export country, the beginning of August and September". In 1839, the United States Merchant "Akbar" was created in 109 days to travel from New York to Guangzhou record.In addition, the ocean shipping at that time had a strong military nature. The European and American merchant ships were usually equipped with guns for the purpose of preventing pirate attacks, and the crew of warships and merchant ships often exchanged with each other. In this way, trade with China promoted the American merchant fleet to sail around the world, and gradually accumulated rich experience in navigation, commerce, diplomacy, military affairs and piracy. The American businessman with opium smuggling ship armed against Qing Dynasty Guangdong navy ships, but also accumulated a lot of coastal and estuarine areas of combat experience.5. China knows very little about the United StatesFrom the early rise of the United States, China also gained some economic benefits, but the spread of opium smuggling after a large number of export Chinese wealth in return, is the poison of physical and mental health and undermine social stability in water. Over 50 years of Sino American trade, hundreds of American ships came to China, but no Chinese merchant ship went to the United states. America's growing understanding of China has found that China is just a rich but weak country. However, China's understanding of the United States has been stuck in ignorance, more and more passive.In the first Opium War, the United States remained neutral on the surface, and essentially followed the British aggression against china. In 1844, the United States forced the Qing government to sign the "Sino American Wangxia treaty", the end of the two equal communication history.Since then, Chinese factors in the rise of the United States to continue to exist, such as trade with China has become one of the North American continent, America West and Pacific Islands to China to promote the expansion of textile exports after the American Civil War South economic recovery, Chinese workers for the United States to build the transcontinental Pacific railway.。

携手合作开创中美经贸合作新局面各位来宾、女士们、先生们在华盛顿美好的秋季，我很高兴能出席中美高技术与战略贸易工作组第四次会议。

这是在第20届中美商贸联委会即将召开前的一次重要会议，对两国高技术贸易合作具有重要的促进作用。

在此，我谨代表中国商务部对会议的召开表示祝贺，向美国商务部、美国制造商协会及所有参与组织本次会议的人员表示诚挚的谢意！作为中国商务部主管高技术贸易和出口管制的副部长，我深知此项工作的重要性。

在扩大中美高技术贸易方面，互信是关键，沟通是基础。

在本次会议上，中美双方相关政府官员和企业代表共同参加，这对增加中美政府层面和企业层面的相互了解、增进互信、促进中美高技术贸易进一步健康发展、造福两国人民具有重要作用。

下面，我谈几点看法：一、关于中美经贸关系2009年是中美关系中非常重要而有意义的一年，双方确立了共同努力建设21世纪积极合作全面的中美关系新定位。

中美高层往来频繁，交流富有成效。

中美经贸关系是中美关系的重要基础和组成部分。

建交30年来，通过两国政府和业界的共同努力，中美经贸关系稳定健康发展。

根据中方统计，2008年双边货物贸易额达到3337亿美元，比2001年翻两番，年均增长率达19.5%。

美国对华出口815亿美元，是2001年的3倍，年均增长率15.2%。

两国互为第二大贸易伙伴，美国是中国的第二大出口市场和第六大进口来源地，中国是美国的第三大出口市场和第一大进口来源地，连续7年成为美增长最快的主要出口市场。

两国在贸易、投资、科技、能源、环境等领域开展全方位合作，经贸合作的规模迅速扩大，领域不断拓宽，内涵日益丰富，形式更加多样。

两国经济互补性强，联系紧密，相互依存度较高。

当前，我们正经历着百年不遇的金融危机，世界经济陷入了自上世纪大萧条以来最困难的境地，中国经济发展也面临着严峻考验，中美经贸合作也受到了一定冲击。

中国作为负责任的大国，在危机中采取了积极负责的态度。

中国把扩大国内需求作为促进经济增长的基本立足点，果断实施一揽子经济刺激计划。