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考点15 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）1. 三年真题考点分布2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于定语从句的考查共计8次，主要考查：1．定语从句中的关系代词；2．定语从句中关系副词；3. 非限制性定语从句的关系词；4.定语从句的先行词；5. 定语从句中的主谓一致；6. 定语从句中的时态。
【备考策略】系统归类定语从句的用法，尤其是关系代词和关系副词的用法；熟练掌握定语从句的相关考点。
【命题预测】2024年语法填空对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词和关系副词。
必备基础知识：在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词+ 连词（关系代词）+ 陈述句who 【先行词为人。
主语、宾语。
】whom 【先行词为人。
宾语。
】that【先行词为物/人。
主语、宾语。
】which 【先行词为物。
主语、宾语。
】B. 地方+ where(状语) + 陈述句【where = at/on/in which】时间+ when(状语) + 陈述句【when = at/on/in which】C. 先行词（物/人）+ whose + 名词…whose: 某人的/某物的D. 先行词(人) + 介词+ whom + 陈述句先行词(物) + 介词+ which + 陈述句重难点知识：考点1关系代词引导的定语从句1.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.2. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the only thing _______ looks like human language in that respect.3.[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge from the eggs after 45—0 days, then the babies grow without their mother, _______ is a rare phenomenon in nature.4.[2019·上海卷]For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, ________ information is listed above.【方法指导】1．who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。
高考英语语法复习定语从句知识讲解一、概念定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。
简单地讲：定语从句就是修饰名词或代词的作定语的句子。
大家要清楚一个概念，那就是它就相当于一个形容词，作后置定语，所以定语从句通常又被称为形容词性从句。
可以解释为什么什么样的人或物。
☆前置形容词的位置顺序：Op sh a c o m （记住这个无意义的单词）: opinion shape age colour origin materialtwo very nice small French wooden chairsan interesting little red French oil painting定语从句的位置只能放在它所修饰词的后面，被修饰的词我们叫它“先行词”。
Tom, who is 17, is my classmate.Tom is my classmate, who is 17.（Tom就是先行词）二、结构被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 从句"被修饰的名词/代词“ = "先行词"这儿要强调的是先行词只能是名词或代词“先行词”与“关系词”之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。
关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义“代到”从句中来起作用。
“先行词”往往是分别重复出现在两个句中(主句和从句)的名词或代词。
先行词可以看成区别定语从句和名词性从句的标记。
看以下两句：That’s all that I have told him. 此句为定语从句，先行词为allThat’s what I have told him. 此句为表语从句，由what引导，没有先行词。
★那为什么一定要有关系词呢？关系词可以看作是连接主句和从句的桥梁，它指代先行词在从句中充当一个句子成份。
这就体现了英语句子的链形结构，英语的句子逻辑性很强，就象一环扣一环的链条。
2024届九年级中考英语一轮复习【语法专题】定语从句中考高频考点总结（讲义）九年级英语教研室整理概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。
关系词的作用：1、放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用。
2、在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
注：限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语。
例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语，可以省略）用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语。
例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. （作宾语可以省略）， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。
在口语中，有时可用who代替whom。
例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语）Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语）特别注意：1）当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时，可省略。
定语从句考点聚焦和精讲1.定语从句的定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.定语从句的先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间状语，地点状语，原因状语。
3.定语从句的关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句。
2.代替先行词。
3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
4.定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
5.关系代词引导的定语从句The woman who visited our factory yesterday is an Australian friend.昨天参观我们工厂的女士是一位澳大利亚朋友。
1.This is the student who I met yesterday.这是我昨天见到的那个学生。
2.Who’s that man(whom)you just talked to?刚才与你谈话的那个男人是谁？3.The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.你刚刚遇见的那个人是我的朋友。
1.The shoe shop is a shop which sells shoes.鞋店是销售鞋的商店。
2.The book(which)I read last night was wonderful.我昨晚看的那本书很精彩。
1.She is one of the students that works very hard.她是最用功的学生中的一个。
2.A library is a place that people like very much.图书馆是一个人们非常喜欢的地方。
1.This is our classmate,Mary,whose home is not far from our school.这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。
2024年高中英语一轮复习之定语从句详细解析一.定义 :在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2.关联词 :1)引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略.2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose 代指先行词二、关系副词:when,wherewhy作时间状语三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法:1.that 和whichthat指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能Which 指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意:The roomin which Ilive is verybig.(在个词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about "The Football Match"3)先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4)先行词为everything，something ,anything ，all,none,much, little, few等不定代词定语从句只能用that时时。
2024年初中英语语法知识精讲之定语从句定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点，也是高考英语语法试题中经常出现的考点。
下面我将为大家归纳一些常见的英语定语从句考点，希望对大家有所帮助。
一、定语从句的定义定语从句是指修饰一个名词或代词的从句，通常由关系代词who、whom、whose、what或关系副词when、where、why引导。
The man who I saw at the party is my friend.(关系代词)The place where I saw her at the party is a beautiful park.(关系副词)The book that I read last week is very interesting.(限制性定语从句)The book, which I read last week, is very interesting.(非限制性定语从句)The woman whom he met at the airport is his wife.(关系代词)The job that I applied for last month was too difficult for me.(限制性定语从句) The job, which I applied for last month, was too difficult for me.(非限制性定语从句)The car that I saw on the street belongs to my neighbor.(关系代词)The car, which I saw on the street, belongs to my neighbor.(非限制性定语从句)二、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句用来限定名词或代词的范围，通常不能省略;而非限制性定语从句则可以用来提供更多的信息，通常可以省略。
考点06 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）近3年真题考点分布【思维导图】【知识梳理】➢考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.I live next door to a couple whos e children often make a lot of noise.China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.➢考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?➢考点三：非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 引导。
e. g. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. (昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。
）2.which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。
2024年初中英语专题复习之定语从句考点与练习定语从句通常可以分为以下三种:1.关系代词在定语从句中用来指代先行词，引导定语从句。
关系代词通常有who, whom, which和that。
例如:The book that I read last week is really interesting.(我上周读的那本书非常有趣。
)She is the girl that I saw at the party last night.(我是昨晚聚会上看到她的那个男孩。
)He is the man who will be elected as the mayor next month.(他将是下个月被选举为市长的男人。
)需要注意的是，关系代词在定语从句中不能使用它们本身作为先行词，而只能用它们来代替先行词。
例如，不能用“the book”来引导定语从句，而只能用“the book that”。
另外，有些关系代词可以用作名词，如whom和which,这时它们被称为关系代词的名词形式。
例如:I saw him at the party last night.(昨晚我在聚会上看到了他本人。
)The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
)2.关系副词在定语从句中用来表示先行词发生的时间、地点或原因等。
关系副词通常有when, where, why和how。
例如:The book that I read last week was very interesting.(我上周读的那本书非常有趣。
)The girl that I saw at the party last night is my friend.(我在昨晚聚会上看到那个女孩是我朋友。
)The reason why he will not e to the party is that he has a headache.(他不能来参加派对是因为他头疼了。
考点06 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）近3年真题考点分布【思维导图】【知识梳理】➢考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.I live next door to a couple whos e children often make a lot of noise.China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.➢考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?➢考点三：非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 引导。
e. g. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. (昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。
）2.which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。
e. g. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages，which surprises all the people present.(一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。
）3. 在非限制性定语从句中，还可把all, some，most, none或both加上of which或of whom来修饰或限定先行词。
e. g. He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(他深深地爱着他的父母，他们对他非常好。
）➢考点四：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体关系。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
3．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。
The newly-built café，the walls of which (＝whose walls)are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
（2023·上海静安·统考二模）There is evidence that teachers, ____8____ in various cases use arms and hand movements in lessons, achieve better teaching results.【答案】8．who8．考查定语从句。
句意：有证据表明，在各种情况下，教师在课堂上使用手臂和手的动作，取得了更好的教学效果。
非限制性定语从句修饰先行词teachers，在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。
（2023·上海浦东新·统考二模）She says that night watching the lunar eclipse awakened her passion ___13___has yet to run out of fuel.【答案】13．that/which13．考查定语从句。
句意：她说，那天晚上看月食唤醒了她的激情，她的激情还没有耗尽。
修饰先行词passion，在从句中作主语，指物，故用that/which。
故填that/which。
（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）The newly-found orchid is beautiful. It is pink and white, it has a central stem, around ___23___ grow tiny, bell-shaped flowers, and its delicate petals (花瓣) look like they are made from glass.【答案】23．which23．考查定语从句。
句意：它是粉红色和白色的，它有一个中央茎，周围生长着细小的钟形花朵，它精致的花瓣看起来像玻璃做的。
空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词stem是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。
（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）Catfishing is an online cheat ___33___ someone on a social media platform pretends to be someone they’re not. 【答案】33．where33．考查定语从句关系词。
句意：Catfishing是一种网络欺骗，指某人在社交媒体平台上伪装成别人。
分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是online cheat，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。
故填where。
（2023·上海松江·统考二模）Studies have shown that low-level physical activities ___41___ use gentle stretching, like yoga or tai chi, help with sleep quality.【答案】41．that/which41．考查定语从句。
句意：研究表明，轻度伸展的低水平体育活动，如瑜伽或太极，有助于提高睡眠质量。
分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词activities指的是物，所以使用关系代词that或者which。
故填that/which。
（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）They can help to keep morale (士气) and provide a sense of normalcy (正常) on missions ___58___ all the conditionsare distinctively different from the earth.【答案】58．where58．考查定语从句。
句意：它们可以帮助保持士气，并在所有条件与地球截然不同的任务中提供一种正常的感觉。
定语从句修饰先行词missions，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。
故填where。
（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）An exclamation mark is a valid form of punctuation ____65____ origin can be traced back to a 14th century Italian scholar.【答案】65．whose65．考查定语从句。
句意：感叹号是一种有效的标点符号，它的起源可以追溯到14世纪的一位意大利学者。
分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词An exclamation mark在从句中作origin的定语成分，应用关系代词whose。
故填whose。
（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）The letters ___74___ (address) to my mother in 1974 over the course of a month when my father traveled back to Italy to care for his sick mother, leaving his wife and me behind in Toronto, ___75___ my parents had immigrated to in 1956.【答案】75．which75．考查定语从句。
句意：这些信是1974年写给我母亲的，当时父亲回到意大利照顾他生病的母亲，把妻子和我留在了多伦多，我的父母1956年移民到多伦多。
分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少介词to的宾语，先行词为Toronto指物。
故填which。
（2023·上海金山·统考二模）GPT-4 will initially be available to ChatGPT Plus subscribers, _____88_____ pay $20 per month for easy access to the service. It’s already powering Microsoft’s Bing search engine platform.【答案】88．who88．考查定语从句。
