猪沙门氏菌病的流行病学、鉴别诊断与防控措施

2020-2021学年高二下学期英语期末模拟测试卷本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AThe Top 4 Beaches on the East CoastNantucket, MassachusettsGreat point, at the easternmost end of the island of Nantucket, is one of the most secret beaches in the world. That’s because you need a four-wheel drive vehicle and a beach permit to get there. Once you do, you’ll find miles of beachfront and a historic lighthouse.Block Island, Rhode IslandAccessible by ferry, Block Island oozes New England charm. It’s worth the effort to get to Mohegan Bluffs, where you can experience a set of 141 wooden steps leading down to the sand. With clay cliffs and a view that reaches Montauk at the eastern tip of Long Island, this beach is especially unique.East Hampton, New YorkNamed the best beach in the county in 2013, Main Beach in East Hampton is known for its wide stretch of sand plus a snack bar, bathrooms, and lockers. On-site parking is only available to village residents but there are free beach shuttles available.Jekyll Island, GeorgiaLocated off the coast of Georgia, this 5,700-acre barrier island is famous for its nesting sea turtles and hermit crabs. Glory Beach got its name because producers of the 1989 movie Glory, featuring Matthew Broderick, Morgan Freeman, and Denzel Washington, built a long boardwalk to the beach that remains in place.1.Which has one of the most private beaches in the world?A.Jekyll Island, Georgia.B.Block Island, Rhode Island.C.Nantucket, Massachusetts.D.East Hampton, New York.2.What may attract the visitors to go to Mohegan Bluffs?A.Climbing the clay cliffs.B.Experiencing the warm sand.C.Admiring the scenery of Montauk.D.Walking along a set of 141 wooden steps.3.What can we learn about Jekyll Island according to the passage?A.Jekyll Island is famous for its nesting sea fishes and hermit crabs.B.Jekyll Island is located on the east coast of the United States.C.There is a wide boardwalk to Glory Beach on Jekyll Island.D.Glory Beach is named after the producers of the movie Glory.BIn the first term of college, Professor Kelly lectured us in his Acting 1 class about the importance of taking the business of acting seriously. As I prepare to take on my senior year, I think back on the first term and I consider my seriousness and my love for the art of theatre. I'm pleased to say that, for the most part, my determination remains as strong as ever.Even after I've learned about the difficulties and the heartbreak that go with working as an actor, I know that it is still the right path for me. Something Professor Kelly said in that first acting class has stuck with me through these last three years. He said, "Every actor chooses to act for their own reasons — personally I do it because I have to. I have to perform. It's who I am." For as long as I've been performing, I've wondered how to best describe why I do what I do. Professor Kelly answered that question for me that day.When I was little and first imagined what it would be like to be a real actor, I would imagine being known about by many people someday. However, I never actually wanted that. I act because no matter what is going on in my life, no matter how stressed I am with what's happening outside of or during practices, when I'm on stage, I'm home and I'm me.Many parents will feel worried about their children's choosing to be an actor. Some will be surprised. My parents are just exceptions. They knew from the start that nothing was going to keep me from doing what I love.4. What did Professor Kelly's words make the author realize?A. She did acting out of love.B. She really had a gift for acting.C. She would face many challenges.D. She must work hard to learn acting.5. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Imagining being an actor.B. Being on stage.C. Becoming famous one day.D. Being devoted to theatre.6. How do the authors parents feel about her choice?A. Content .B. Sympathetic.C. Concerned.D. Disappointed.7. What is the author mainly talking about in the text?A. Why she chose acting.B. Who inspired her to act.C. How acting changed her life.D. What she learned about acting.CFrom the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, plastic continues to pollute the environment, and it creates a significant threat to all life forms on Earth. Despite knowing the effects of plastic pollution, we have not been able to ban the use of plastic products. Now, thanks to the invention of a 17-year-old girl, Arora, we finally have a better choice. This plastic-like material is made from prawn (大虾) shells, and it breaks down 1.5 million times faster than most of the commercial plastic products we use today.The Australian teen first became aware of the impact of plastic waste on the environment when shopping with her mother. She wondered why her mother had to pay for the plastic bags. When asked, the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it. This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.But the journey of inventing “eco-friendly plastic” was not easy. She experimented with a number of organic materials such as cornflour and banana peels, both of which had to be ruled out because of their solubility (溶解性). One night, while having dinner, she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky. She immediately went to the lab to research. Later, she would describe that dinner as her “Eureka” mo ment.She extracted the material called “chitin” from the shells and then mixed it with aninsoluble protein called “fibroin”, which is found in silk cocoons. Using the combination of these two organic materials, Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days. Moreover, this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down, which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.Arora’s invention has caused a stir, and she has won a number of awards. As an inspiring young woman, Arora wants to make a difference in the world, and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.8.What inspired Arora to create a kind of special plastic?A.A cashier’s words about paid plastic bags.B.Her determination to protect the prawns.C.A class about plastic’s impact on the planet.D.Her plan to save money on plastic products.9.What could be a “Eureka” moment?A.A moment of needing reflection.B.A moment of finding the truth.C.A moment of having sudden inspiration.D.A moment of enjoying the celebration.10.What can be known about the new plastic in paragraph 4?A.It is made from non-organic materials.B.It can break down totally in a month.C.It can be used to help plants to grow.D.It is extracted from an insoluble protein.11.Which of the following can best describe Arora?A.Brave and clever.B.Creative and inspiring.C.Active and considerate.D.Humorous and friendly.DI once asked people what it meant to be a good listener. The typical response was a blank stare. Of course, technology plays a role. People find phone calls interrupting them, preferring text or wordless emoji. Besides, schools and colleges rarely offer classes or activities that teach careful listening. The loud unpleasant mixture of sounds of modem life also stops us fromlistening.Generally, listening goes beyond simply hearing what people say. It also involves pa)dng attention to how they say it and what they do while they are saying it, in what context, and how what they say is related to you. Ifs not about merely holding your peace while someone else holds forth. Quite the opposite.Good listeners ask good questions. They engage in exploring the topic, not to divert attention. There are curious questions li ke “Wouldn’t you agree...?”or “Don’t you think...?" These questions have strong tendencies. They will greatly influence the other person to change his or her view. And you,d better stay away from some personal questions like “What do you do for a living?” or “What part of town do you live in?" Just try to find out what excites people. Ask about the last movie they saw or for the story behind a piece of jewelry they're wearing. Also good are expansive questions, such as,“If you could spend a month,where would you go?”The reward of good listening will certainly be more interesting conversations. Researchers have found that attentive listeners receive more information from speakers, even when they don't ask any questions. We are, each of us, the sum of what we attend to in life. The gentle voice of a mother and the criticism of a boss both ultimately form and shape us. And to listen poorly, selectively or not at all limits your understanding of the world and prevents you from becoming the best you can be.12.What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A.The great influence of technology.B.The factors causing fewer good listeners.C.The lack of classes to teach listening.D.The two opposite sides of modem life.13.Which question may a good listener ask?A.Isn’t it wise to choose a foreign university?B.Are you satisfied with your present salary?C.How can you afford such a costly house?D.What do you think of Eminem’s new song?14.What does the author probably agree with as for listening?A.Asking adequate questions is necessary.B.Keeping silent is of greater benefit to both sides.C.Listening attentively will be rewarded a great deal.D.Listening selectively will bring limitless possibilities.15.What can be the best title of the passage?A.The Art of Asking QuestionsB.Take Action Against TechnologyC.Bad Listening Leads to FailureD.Try to Be a Good Listener第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项.Basic first aid is a very valuable skill to have when going on a camping trip.____16____Cuts. With small cuts, you need to be careful to keep the area of the wound clean to avoid getting infected. ____17____ If the cut has not stopped bleeding, raise the wounded area above the heart and place pressure on the area to stop the bleeding. ____18____ It should be held in place with tape, but should not be too tight.Blisters. Blisters can turn a fun walk in the woods into a terrible experience. ____19____ Change your bandage and socks and keep the blistered area clean. Make sure that you pack different size bandages and first aid cream.Sprains. If you have got a heavy pack on your shoulders, it can be very easy to twist your ankles. Walking sticks can be a traveller's friend. ____20____ A good ACE bandage should be packed in case of a sprained ankle. This can help fix the sprained area until you can get medical attention.After seeing the above dangers and treatments, it's also helpful to pack a small basic first aid kit for your trip. Make sure that you include items that are unique to you and fit your environment (bleeding, bruise, snake bite, etc.).A. Some climates can be very hot during the day and very cool at night.B. Treat the cut with first aid cream to prevent infection.C. They are an open wound and can get infected if not cared for.D. Below is a brief list of less-severe injuries that you can prepare for.E. They can help you keep balance on rough areas.F. Apply some cream and cover the wound with a dry, clean bandage.G. Wear comfortable shoes and socks during the trips.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

猪沙门氏菌病的流行病学鉴别诊断与防控措施猪沙门氏菌病是一种由沙门氏菌引起的疾病，主要通过食物和水传播。

这种疾病对猪的健康和养殖业造成严重影响，了解其流行病学鉴别诊断及防控措施对预防和控制这种疾病至关重要。

一、流行病学猪沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏菌感染引起的传染病，广泛分布于全世界。

沙门氏菌是一种革兰氏阴性杆菌，主要通过口—肠道途径感染猪。

受感染的猪可以在病原菌体内存活数月以上，成为潜在的传染源。

沙门氏菌主要通过粪口传播，感染猪的方式有多种，包括饲料、饮水、污染的环境和感染的猪等。

在饲料和饮水中的沙门氏菌是非常常见的。

猪沙门氏菌病的临床症状包括发热、厌食、腹泻、呕吐和神经系统症状等。

沙门氏菌还能引起产猪的流产和猪只的死亡。

二、鉴别诊断1. 临床症状：感染猪呈现发热、厌食、腹泻、呕吐和神经系统症状等，对疾病进行初步判断。

2. 病原学诊断：通过病原菌的分离鉴定，采集猪只的粪便、肠内容物等标本，进行沙门氏菌的分离培养，通过形态学、生理生化特性鉴定沙门氏菌的存在。

3. 血清学诊断：通过血清学检测，检测猪只的血清沙门氏菌特异性抗体，确定疾病的感染情况。

4. 分子生物学诊断：利用PCR技术对猪只的粪便、血液等标本进行基因检测，检测沙门氏菌的特异性基因，确诊猪沙门氏菌病。

三、防控措施1. 改善养殖环境：加强饲料、饮水和养殖场环境的卫生管理，阻断沙门氏菌的传播途径。

2. 注重疫苗接种：猪只定期接种沙门氏菌疫苗，提高猪只的抵抗力，减少猪只的感染率。

3. 提高饲养管理水平：严格控制饲料和饮水的卫生质量，减少沙门氏菌的感染风险。

4. 加强检疫监测：对进出猪只、饲料和饮水等进行严格的检疫监测，确保无菌原料的使用。

5. 定期开展消毒工作：养殖场应定期对饲料、饮水和养殖环境进行彻底消毒，在疫情发生后要及时清理污染物，并进行有效消毒。

猪沙门氏菌病是一种严重危害猪只健康和养殖业的疾病，加强对该疾病的流行病学鉴别诊断和防控措施的了解，对于减轻疾病对养殖业的危害，提高猪只健康水平具有重要意义。

猪沙门氏菌病的流行病学鉴别诊断与防控措施猪沙门氏菌病是一种由沙门氏菌引起的猪只传染性疾病，常见于全年各季，尤其在高温潮湿的环境中更易发病。

病原菌主要通过食物和水源传播，对猪只健康和养殖环境都造成了严重的威胁。

对猪沙门氏菌病的流行病学鉴别诊断与防控措施是非常重要的。

一、病原学特点猪沙门氏菌病主要由沙门氏菌引起，这是一类革兰氏阴性菌，属于肠道致病菌，广泛存在于自然界中，可通过粪便、污水等途径传播。

猪只患病后，病原菌主要通过食物和水源传播，进入猪只的体内，引起呼吸道、肠道和泌尿系统等部位的感染，导致发热、腹泻、呼吸困难等临床症状，严重影响猪只的生长发育和免疫功能。

二、流行病学鉴别诊断1. 流行病学调查：对发病猪只的养殖场进行流行病学调查，了解发病猪只的饲养管理、饲料来源、用药史等情况，及时发现潜在的传染源。

2. 临床症状观察：猪只患病后，会出现发热、厌食、腹泻、呼吸困难等症状，严重的病例还会出现神经系统症状，如抽搐、震颤等，通过观察猪只的临床症状可以初步判断是不是猪沙门氏菌病。

3. 实验室检测：通过实验室检测病原菌的存在，包括从病猪组织、血液、粪便等样品中分离和鉴定沙门氏菌，可以确诊猪只是否患有沙门氏菌病。

三、防控措施1. 养殖管理：加强猪只的饲养管理，保证饲料、饮水的卫生安全，避免猪只过度密集饲养，充分通风，保持猪舍的卫生和干燥，有效控制传染源的蔓延。

2. 病原菌消毒：对饲料、饮水、猪舍等可能受到污染的环境进行定期消毒，有效杀灭沙门氏菌，防止猪只感染。

3. 抗感染措施：对患病猪只进行早期隔离，进行药物治疗，保证充足的营养和水分，加强免疫力，提高猪只的抗菌能力，减少病原菌的感染。

4. 定期检测：定期对猪只进行生理健康和病原菌的检测，及时发现患病猪只，及时隔离和治疗，防止病原菌向其他猪只传播。

5. 饲料安全：保证饲料来源的安全性，不使用受污染的饲料，避免沙门氏菌通过饲料传播。

通过加强养殖管理、定期检测、病原菌消毒等一系列防控措施，可以有效降低猪沙门氏菌病的发病率，保障猪只的健康和生长发育。

猪副伤寒的流行病学鉴别诊断及防控措施猪副伤寒是一种由沙门氏菌引起的传染病，严重影响着猪的健康和生产。

在流行病学的鉴别诊断及防控上，应该采取以下的措施。

一、流行病学鉴别诊断1.症状猪副伤寒的临床症状多样，主要表现为体温升高、食欲下降、呼吸急促等，严重者长期拉稀，并出现贫血、厌食、呕吐等症状。

2.传播途径猪副伤寒的传播途径为粪口传播和经由病毒携带昆虫传播。

感染患者的粪便和尿液中含有大量的病毒，当其他猪直接或者间接接触到这些病毒污染的物质时，就容易感染上病毒。

3.病原体猪副伤寒的病原体为沙门氏菌，属于革兰阴性菌。

主要存在于猪的肠胃道内，其病原能力强、易于传染。

二、防控措施1.加强环境卫生猪舍内部的环境卫生是防控猪副伤寒的重要措施之一。

应该定期对猪舍内部进行消毒和清洁，清除废弃物和排泄物，减少病毒和细菌的传播。

2.饲养管理猪舍内的饲养管理也是防控猪副伤寒的重要措施之一。

应该合理安排饮食，保证饲料清洁卫生，并注意补充足够的营养。

同时，对疑似感染猪进行隔离饲养，分区分隔。

3.疫苗预防针对猪副伤寒这种传染病，早期接种疫苗可以有效的预防病毒的传播和扩散。

疫苗的接种要注意及时和规律。

猪副伤寒的疫苗主要分为不全自杀性菌苗和自杀性菌苗。

4.严格检疫对于引进的猪只、新买来的饲料、器具和药品等，都应该进行严格的检疫和消毒，杜绝病毒和细菌的传播。

同时，对于症状明显的疑似感染猪，要及时进行检测和隔离，避免疫情的扩散。

总之，针对猪副伤寒这种传染病，我们应该采取严格的预防措施，通过疫苗接种、加强饲养管理、环境卫生等方面的措施，尽可能的减少病毒的传播和扩散，保障猪的健康和生产。

猪沙门氏菌病的诊断与防控措施作者：周秀芹来源：《国外畜牧学·猪与禽》2016年第09期摘要：猪沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏菌属引起的一种以肠炎和败血症为特点的细菌性传染病，是造成人类食源性中毒的主要原因，因而备受关注。

本文从猪沙门氏菌病的病原体与流行特点、诊断以及防控措施对该病进行概述。

关键词：猪沙门氏菌；病原体；流行特点；诊断；防控措施中图分类号：S854.4+854.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-0769（2016）09-0084-02猪沙门氏菌病，又称副伤寒，是一种常见于仔猪上的传染病，以败血症和肠炎为特点。

引起该病的沙门氏菌在自然界十分普遍，是最常见的人畜共患菌，对畜禽健康、人类公共卫生和食品安全有严重影响。

由沙门氏菌问题引发的食品安全事件屡有报道，许多发达国家加强了沙门氏菌的食品安全管理。

猪沙门氏菌病也随之备受关注。

我国是世界上养猪最多的国家，肉猪存栏量与出栏率均占全世界的一半以上，同时也是猪肉消费大国。

近年来，随着中国养猪生产的飞速发展，沙门氏菌对其影响也越来越严重。

由于沙门氏菌极易产生耐药性，加之滥用抗生素，导致该病的预防与治疗更加困难。

因此，了解沙门氏菌的病原体与流行特点，及时地进行诊断，采取科学的防控措施可减少该病对养猪生产造成的损失，同时对人类公共卫生也具有重要意义。

1 病原体与流行特点沙门氏菌是一种革兰氏阴性肠杆菌，大小为（0.6～1.0）μm × （2～3）μm，两端钝圆，卵圆形，无荚膜、无芽孢，通常都有鞭毛，能运动。

生化特性复杂，抗原结构相似。

猪沙门氏菌在自然界十分普遍。

最早发现引起猪沙门氏菌病的是猪霍乱沙门氏菌，1885年由美国细菌学家D. E.萨蒙（沙门）从患霍乱的猪中分离而得名。

目前全世界已分离出2 500多个血清型，在我国发现的已近300种。

常见危害人畜的非宿主适应血清型有20多种，加上宿主适应血清型，约30余种，主要有肠炎沙门氏菌、猪霍乱沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌等，其中引起猪病的有10多种。

猪沙门氏菌病的流行病学、临床表现、诊断和防控作者：张娜来源：《现代畜牧科技》2017年第04期摘要：猪沙门氏菌病也叫做仔猪副伤寒，是一种条件性传染病，是由于感染致病性沙门氏菌而导致。

急性型出现败血症变化，慢性型出现肺炎及大肠坏死性炎。

主要是2～4月龄断奶仔猪非常容易发生，且没有明显的季节性，多种因素都能够引起发病，如气候骤变、饲养管理不当、卫生条件不良等，必须加以防控。

关键词：猪；沙门氏菌病；流行病学；临床症状；实验室诊断；免疫接种；药物治疗中图分类号：S858.28 文献标识码：B文章编号：2095-9737（2017）04-0086-011 流行病学猪沙门氏菌病主要是2～4月龄的仔猪比较容易发生，成年猪较少会出现发病，而哺乳仔猪通常不会发生该病，也不会感染病菌，这可能是由于其通过吮乳获得足够的母源抗体而导致。

该病的传染源是病猪和带菌猪，尤其是猪霍乱沙门氏菌主要是经由猪来进行传播，而鼠伤寒沙门氏菌具有非常多的传染来源，普遍认为生存在猪场中的啮齿类动物老鼠能够传播该病。

病猪和带菌猪能够经由粪便排出病原菌，导致环境、水源及饲料发生污染，进而通过消化道导致其他健康猪发生感染。

尤其是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，能够在猪淋巴组织、消化道以及胆囊内潜藏，受到外界不良因素刺激而导致机体抵抗力减弱时，病原菌就会大量繁殖，从而引起内源性感染。

2 临床症状急性型。

主要是断乳后的仔猪容易发生，表现出败血症，往往突然发生死亡。

如果仔细观察，可发现病猪精神沉郁，食欲减退，体温升高超过41℃。

病程持续稍长时，会表现出呼吸困难、腹泻以及腹痛的症状，且耳根、腹下和胸前出现紫斑，大部分发生死亡。

病程一般可持续1～4天不等。

亚急性或者慢性型。

这是该病的常见类型，感染后具有较轻的症状。

病猪表现出体温明显升高，精神萎靡，体质渐进性消瘦，生长发育停滞，贫血。

长时间发生腹泻，排出黄绿色或者灰白色水样粪便，散发恶臭味，并含有大量的纤维状分泌物或者坏死组织碎片。

摘要：猪沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏菌引起的一种仔猪高死亡率的传染性疾病。

本病在临床上主要表现为败血症（急性）和坏死性肠炎（慢性）两种发病类型，主要感染对象为断奶仔猪，是养殖业常见的传染性疾病之一，容易威胁猪群健康，给行业带来巨大经济损失。

本文主要针对猪沙门氏菌病的流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化、鉴别诊断、治疗方案和预防措施等六个方面展开分析。

关键词：沙门氏菌病；猪；防控措施猪沙门氏菌病的防控要点耿兵（辽宁省抚顺市新宾满族自治县畜产品质量安全监察所辽宁抚顺113200）doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-4754.2023.11.004收稿日期：2023-02-21作者简介：耿兵（1975.2—），女，满族，大专，中级兽医师，现在主要从事畜产品安全及渔政、种畜禽监督执法工作。

1流行病学1.1病原学和发病原因沙门氏菌属于革兰氏阴性菌，菌体两端呈钝圆形，形状似鸡蛋，无荚膜，不能形成芽孢，多数存在鞭毛。

沙门氏菌有不同的血清型，并且不同的菌型也具有不同的理化性质，但是各菌型之间也存在相似的抗原结构。

值得注意的是，在不同的地区，往往存在不同菌型的沙门氏菌。

猪沙门氏菌主要的传染源为携带病菌的猪，其感染后可通过体液、尿液、粪便等将病原体排出，污染周边环境和猪群[1]。

沙门氏菌对环境具有极高的耐受性，一般的打扫、清洗等方式无法将其杀灭。

当未感染的猪食用了被污染的水源和饲料，也会发生感染。

猪沙门氏菌发病原因主要包括猪舍饲养密度大，饲养环境较差以及猪群营养不良等。

首先，当猪群饲养密度较大或猪舍空间太小，导致猪舍内空气流通不畅，此时离携带病菌的猪较近的健康猪就极容易发生感染。

其次，当饲养密度过大时，单位面积内的湿度较大，容易对猪的鼻腔和呼吸道黏膜产生刺激，给病菌提供了生长繁殖的条件，大大增加了猪感染沙门氏菌病的风险。

再次，猪群的生活空间过小时，更加容易出现打斗情况，给一些个体较小或体质较差的猪增加感染的概率。

1.2传染源及传播途径传染源主要包括携带病菌的猪只，分为无症状感染的猪和出现临床症状的猪。

猪副伤寒的流行病学鉴别诊断及防控措施猪副伤寒是由副伤寒沙门氏菌引起的一种传染病，临床表现为高热、精神沉郁、食欲不振等症状。

以下将从流行病学鉴别诊断和防控措施两个方面介绍猪副伤寒。

一、流行病学鉴别诊断：1. 疫情调查：对发病猪群进行详细的疫情调查，包括疫情发生时间、养殖方式、饲养管理等因素，通过调查可以初步判断是否为猪副伤寒。

2. 实验室检查：可以通过病死猪尸体和病理组织的分离培养、生化试验、血清学检测等方法，来鉴别猪副伤寒与其他疾病的区别。

猪副伤寒的特点是发病群体普遍感染，且能从阳性抽血猪中分离出沙门氏菌。

二、防控措施：1. 病猪隔离：将发病的猪隔离出来，避免与健康猪接触，减少传播病毒的机会。

对病死猪进行处理，避免病菌通过猪粪等途径传播。

2. 健康管理：加强猪舍的清洁消毒工作，定期更换猪舍内的垫料，保持猪舍内的干燥通风，避免病菌的滋生和传播。

3. 疫苗接种：可采取脂多糖疫苗进行接种，提高猪的免疫力，降低疫情的发生率。

对于具备条件的猪场，可以通过检疫和消毒等手段筛查和杀灭疫源，防止疫情的传播。

4. 病死猪处理：对于疫情中的病死猪，应及时进行无害化处理，避免病菌通过尸体传播出去。

5. 加强监测：定期对猪群进行检测，及时发现疫情，采取相应的防控措施。

落实日常的观察和记录工作，加强猪的健康管理，提高疫情的预防意识。

针对猪副伤寒的流行病学鉴别诊断和防控措施，需要进行疫情调查、实验室检查和隔离饲养病猪等措施。

加强猪的健康管理、定期消毒和疫苗接种等防控措施也是非常关键的。

只有全面落实这些措施，才能有效预防和控制猪副伤寒的传播。