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物流英语（05362）第一单元-----物流概论（General introduction to logistics)一、试题第一部分：词汇与语法（单项选择）1、Managers mst establish and implement inventory plan on the basis of strategic considerations.(3星）管理者必须在战略考虑的基础上建立和实施库存计划。
四、汉译英1.物流管理的基本概念适用于所有私营企业和公用企业。
（concepts）The basic (基本)concepts（概念）of logistics management are applicable（适用）throughout private（私营）and public （公用）enterprise（企业）activities。
五、英语简答1、How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics?What are they?有多少部门经济活动参与物流?他们是什么? Generally there are eight economic sectors involved in logistics.They are packaging,warehousing,material handling,inventory,transport,forecasting,strategic planning and customer service.第二单元----一个重要因素（An important factor)一、词汇与语法（单项选择题）1、One of the key point in distribution of product is whether it is available where the customer wishes to consume it .(3星）产品配送中的一个关键点是客户希望消费的地方它是否可用。
ReferencesUnit 1 An Introduction to Business LogisticsPart II. Exercises for Dialogue 1Answer the following questions according to the dialogue.1.Logistics means to supply the right product at the right time in the rightquantity in the right condition at the right place for the right customer at the right price.2.It includes the procurement, maintainance, distribution and replacementof personnel and material.3.These two concepts are the same meanings. Logistics is generalmeaning and includes militaiy definition and business definition.Business logistics stresses special term on a trade or business. Exercises for Dialogue 21.(Opening)2.(Opening)Part III. Practical ReadingsExercises for Text 1I.Answer the following questions:1.Business logistics means to be defined as a business-planning framework for the management of material, service, information and capital flows.2.Business logistics involves the following activities: demand forecasting,procurement, materials handling, packaging, warehouse and inventory management, ordering processing, logistics communications, transport, customer service and so on.3- The role of logistics is to maintain the balance between the minute details and the main elements involved in a product.II・1 •商务物流管理有不同版本的不同定义2必要资源的利用3.逆向货物的搬运4.人员和材料的补充5.复杂信息6.现代的商业环境7.需求预测8.设施场地选择9.公司最重要的财富10.公司战略抉择走势评定III.definitions—heart■—output■一service―strategyIV.1.这一非常宽广的物流观点把单一的供应链与贸易公司的方方面而整合在一起。
物流英语习题答案1. What is the term used for the process of managing the flow and storage of goods and information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet the requirements of customers?Answer: The term is "Supply Chain Management."2. What does the acronym '3PL' stand for in logistics? Answer: Third-Party Logistics.3. Which mode of transportation is considered the fastest for goods?Answer: Air freight is often considered the fastest mode of transportation.4. What is the term used to describe the process of moving goods from one place to another?Answer: The term is "Transportation."5. What is the role of a freight forwarder in logistics? Answer: A freight forwarder is responsible for arranging the transportation of goods, often on behalf of exporters and importers, and may also handle documentation and customs clearance.6. What is the meaning of 'warehousing' in the context of logistics?Answer: Warehousing refers to the practice of storing goodsfor a period of time before they are transported to theirfinal destination.7. What is the term used for the process of managing the movement and storage of materials within a warehouse?Answer: The term is "Inventory Management."8. What is the abbreviation for 'Electronic Data Interchange'? Answer: The abbreviation is 'EDI.'9. What is the role of a container terminal in the logistics chain?Answer: A container terminal is a facility where containersare transferred between different modes of transport, such as from ship to truck or rail.10. What does 'CFS' stand for in logistics?Answer: CFS stands for 'Container Freight Station,' which isa place where cargo is consolidated into shipping containers.11. What is the term used for the process of managing theflow of goods and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption in the most cost-effective manner? Answer: The term is "Logistics."12. What is the meaning of 'LCL' in shipping?Answer: LCL stands for 'Less than Container Load,' whichrefers to the shipment of goods that do not fill a shipping container.13. What is the term used to describe the process of managingthe flow of goods and services from the point of consumption to the point of origin in a reverse direction?Answer: The term is "Reverse Logistics."14. What does the acronym 'FCA' stand for in international trade?Answer: FCA stands for 'Free Carrier,' which is a term used in Incoterms to define the seller's responsibility for delivering goods to a carrier.15. What is the role of a customs broker in international trade?Answer: A customs broker is a professional who assists with the process of clearing goods through customs by preparing and submitting the necessary documentation and ensuring compliance with customs regulations.这些习题答案旨在帮助学习者掌握物流英语的关键术语和概念。
物流行业术语集锦Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT) 注册(容积)总吨Net Registered Tonnage (NRT) 注册(容积)净吨Deadweight Tonnage (All Told) (DWT or 总载重吨位(量)Gross Dead Weight Tonnage 总载重吨位Dead Weight Cargo Tonnage (DWCT) 净载重吨Light Displacement 轻排水量Load (Loaded)Displacement 满载排水量Actual Displacement 实际排水量Over weight surcharge 超重附加费Bunker Adjustment Factor (Surcharge) (BAS or BS) 燃油附加费Port Surcharge 口岸附加费Port Congestion Surcharge 口岸拥堵附加费Currency Adjustment Factor (CAF) 货币贬值附加费Deviation surcharge 绕航附加费Direct Additional 直航附加费Additional for Optional Destination 选卸港附加费Additional for Alteration of Destination 变更卸货港附加费Fumigation Charge 熏蒸费Bill of Lading 提单On Board (Shipped) B/L 已装船提单Received for shipment B/L 备运(收妥待运)提单Named B/L 记名提单Bearer B/L 不记名提单Order B/L 指示提单Blank Endorsement 空白备书Clean B/L 清洁提单In apparent good order and condition 外表状况良好Unclean ( Foul, Dirty) B/L 不清洁提单Direct B/L 直航提单Transshipment B/L 转船提单Through B/L 联运提单Multi-modal (Inter-modal, combined) transport B/L 多式联运提单Long Form B/L 全式提单Short Form B/L 简式提单Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单Advanced B/L 预借提单Stale B/L 过时提单On Deck B/L 甲板货提单Charter Party B/L 租约项下提单House B/L 运输代理行提单Seaworthiness 船舶适航Charter Party ( C/P) 租船合同(租约)Voyage charter party 航次租船合同Time Charter Party 按期租船合同Bareboat (demise) Charter Party 光船租船合同Common carrier 公共承运人Private carrier 私人承运人Single trip C/P 单航次租船合同Consecutive single trip C/P 持续单航次租船合同Return trip C/P 来回航次租船合同Contract of Affreightment (COA) 包运合同Voyage Charter Party on Time Basis 航次期租合同Fixture Note 租船确认书Free In (FI) 船方不负责装费Free Out (FO) 船方不负责卸费Free In and Out (FIO) 船方不负责装卸费Free In and Out ，Stowed and Trimmed (FIOST) 船方不负责装卸、理舱和平舱费Declaration of ship's Deadweight Tonnage of Cargo 宣载通知书Dunnage and separations 垫舱和隔舱物料Lump-sum freight 整船包价运费Weather working days 良好天气工作日Notice of Readiness (NOR) 船舶准备就绪通知书Idle formality 例行手续Laytime statement 装卸时间计算表Damage for Detention 延期损失Customary Quick Despatch (CQD) 习惯快速装运International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG) 国际海上危险品货物规则(国际危规)Booking Note 托运单(定舱委托书)Shipping Order (S/O) 装货单(下货纸)Mate's Receipt 收货单Loading List 装货清单Cargo Manifest 载货清单(货物舱单)Stowage Plan 货物积载计划Dangerous Cargo List 危险品清单Stowage Factor 积载因素(系数)Inward cargo 进港货Outward cargo 出港货Container yard (CY) 集装箱堆场Container Freight Station ( CFS) 集装箱货运站Container Load Plan 集装箱装箱单Conventional Container Ship 集装箱两用船Semi-container Ship 半集装箱船Full Container Ship 全集装箱船Full Container Load (FCL) 整箱货Less Container Load (LCL) 拼箱货Delivery Order (D/O) 提货单(小提单)Dock receipt 场站收据Twenty equivalent unit (TEU) 二十尺集装箱换算单位Equipment Interchange Receipt ( EIR) 集装箱设备交接单Demurrage 滞期费Crew List 船员名册Log book 航行日记Liner transport 班轮运输Tramp transport 不按期(租船)运输Minimum Freight 工最低运费Maximum Freight 最高运费Accomplish a Bill of Lading (to) 付单提货Ad valorem freight 从价运费Address commission (Addcomm) 回扣佣金Adjustment 海损理算Average adjuster 海损理算师Average bond 海损分摊担保书Average guarantee 海损担保书Act of God 天灾All in rate 总运费率Annual survey 年度查验All purposes 全数装卸时间All time saved 节省的全数时间Always afloat 始终维持浮泊Anchorage 锚地Anchorage dues 锚泊费Arbitration award 仲裁裁决Arbitrator 仲裁员Arrest a ship 扣押船舶Area differential 地域差价Addendum (to a charter party) ( 租船合同)附件Apron 码头前沿Bale or bale capacity 货舱包装容积Back (return) load 回程货Back to back charter 转租合同Backfreight 回程运费Ballast (to) 空载行驶Barge 驳船Barratry 船员不轨Barrel handler 桶抓Base cargo (1) 垫底货Base cargo (2) 起运货量Bundle (Bd) 捆(包装单位)Beam 船宽Bearer ( of a B/L) 提单持有人Both ends (Bends) 装卸两港Boatman 缆工Buoy 浮标Bunker escalation clause 燃料涨价条款Derrick 吊杆Fork-lift truck 铲车Boom of a fork-lift truck 铲车臂Both to blame collision clause 互有过失碰撞条款Book space 洽订舱位Bottom 船体Bottom stow cargo 舱底货Bottomry loan 船舶抵押贷款Breakbulk 零担Breakbulk cargo 零担货物Broken stowage 亏舱Brokerage 经纪人佣金Bulk cargo 散装货Bulk carrier 散货船Bulk container 散货集装箱American Bureau of Shipping 美国船级社Bureau Veritas .) 法国船级社Cabotage 沿海运输Canal transit dues 运河通行税Capsize vessel 超宽型船Captain 船长Car carrier 汽车运输船Car container 汽车集装箱Cargo hook 货钩Cargo sharing 货载份额Cargo superintendent 货物配载主管Cargo tank 货箱Cargo tracer 短少货物查询单Cargoworthiness 适货Carryings 运输量Certificate of seaworthiness 适航证书Cesser clause 责任终止条款Chassis 集装箱拖车如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http; 礼拜五和节假日除外Full and complete cargo 满舱满载货Full and down 满舱满载Gantry crane 门式起重机(门吊)Gencon 金康航次租船合同General average 一路海损General average act 一路海损行为General average contribution 一路海损分摊General average sacrifice 一路海损捐躯General cargo (generals) 杂货General purpose container 多用途集装箱Geographical rotation 地理顺序Germanischer Lloyd .) 德国船级社Greenwich Mean Time 格林威治时间Grabbing crane 抓斗起重机Grain or grain capacity 散装舱容Gross weight(GW) 毛重Grounding 触底Gunny bag 麻袋Gunny matting 麻垫Hague Rules 海牙规则Hague-Visby Rules 海牙维斯比规则Hamburg Rules 汉堡规则Hand hook 手钩Handymax 杂散货船Handy-sized bulker 小型散货船Harbour 海港Harbour dues 港务费Hatch (hatch cover) 舱盖Hatchway 舱口Head charter (charter party) 主租船合同Head charterer 主租船人Heavy lift 超重货物Heavy lift additional (surcharge) 超重附加费Heavy lift derrick 重型吊杆Heavy weather 恶劣天气Heavy fuel oil 重油Hire statement 租金单Hold 船舱Home port 船籍港Homogeneous cargo 同种货物Hook 吊钩Hopper 漏斗House Bill of Lading 运输代理行提单Hovercraft 气垫船Husbandry 维修Inland container depot 内陆集装箱Ice-breaker 破冰船Identity of carrier clause 承运人责任条款Idle (船舶、设备)闲置Immediate rebate 直接回扣International Maritime Organization (IMO) 国际海事组织Import entry 入口报关Indemnity 补偿Inducement 起运量Inducement cargo 起运量货物Inflation adjustment factor ( IAF) 通货膨胀膨胀调整系数Infrastructure (of a port) (口岸)基础设施Inherent vice 固有缺点Institute Warranty Limits (IWL) (伦敦保险人)协会保证航行范围Insufficient packing 包装不足Intaken weight 装运重量International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) 国际船级社协会Inward 进港的Inward cargo 进港货物International Transport Workers’Federation (ITF) 国际运输工人联合会Itinerary 航海日程表Jettison 抛货如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http; 增减More or less in charterer’s option (MOLCHOP) 承租人有增减选择权More or less in owner’s option (MOLOO) 船东有增减选择权Mother ship 母船Multideck ship 多层甲板船Multi-purpose cargo ship 多用途船Multi-purpose terminal 多用途场站海运常常利用英文辞汇缩写________________________________________FREQUENTLY USEDABT - ABOUTACCT - ACCOUNTA/C - ACCOUNTAGW - ALL GOING WELLB/L - BILL OF LADINGB/N - BOOKING NOTEB/S - BILL OF SALEB4 - BEFOREBB - BREAKBULKBE - BOTH ENDSBL - BALEBLK - BULKBLT - BUILTBRKRS - BROKERSC&F - COST AND FREIGHTCBM - CUBIC METERCC - CARGO CAPACITYCFS - CONTAINER FREIGHT STATIONCGO - CARGOCHOPT - CHARTERER'S OPTIONCHRTS - CHARTERERSCIF - COST, INSURANCE & FREIGHTCOB - CLEAN ON BOARDCOB - CLOSE OF BUSINESSCOMB - COMBINABLECOMM - COMMENCECOMP - COMPLETECOMS - COMMISSIONSCOP - CUSTOM OF THE PORTCP - CHARTERER PARTYCQD - CUSTOMARY QUICK DISPATCHCYL - CYLINDER. - DIESEL OILDA - DISBURSEMENT ACCOUNTDDC - DESTINATION DELIVERY CHARGEDELY - DELIVERYDEMS - DEMMURAGEDEQ - DELIVERED EX QUAYDES - DELIVERED EX SHIPDIMS - DIMENSIONSDLOSP - DROPPING LAST OUTWARD SEA PILOTDOP - DROPPING OUTWARD PILOTDWT - DEADWEIGHTEC - EAST COASTEIU - EVEN IF USEDER - ENGINEROOMETA - ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL ETD - ESTIMATED TIME OF DEPARTURE ETS - ESTIMATED TIME OF SAILING. - FUEL OILFAC - FAST AS CANFAS - FREE ALONGSIDE SHIPFEU - 40 FT. EQUIVALENT UNITSFILO - FREE IN LINER OUTFIO - FREE IN OUTFIOS - FREE IN OUT STOWEDFLT - FULL LINER TERMSFMC - FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSIONFOB - FREE ON BOARDFOR - FREE ON RAILFOT - FREE ON TRUCKFPT - FORE PEAK TANKFRT - FREIGHTFT - FREIGHT TONFW - FRESH WATERGMT - GREENWICH MEAN TIMEGRD - GEAREDGRLS - GEARLESSGRT - GROSS REGISTERED TONH/L - HEAVY LIFTHA - HATCHHO - HOLDHOHA - HOLDS/HATCHESINCL - INCLUDINGISO - INTERNATIONAL SAFETY ORGANIZATIONLT - LONG TONS; 2,240 LBSL/C - LAYCAN; LETTER OF CREDITL/D - LOADING/DISCHARGINGLAT - LATITUDELDG - LOADINGLIFO - LINER IN FREE OUTLOA - LENGTH OVERALLLOI - LETTER OF INDEMNITYLO-LO - LIFT ON LIFT OFFM - METERSM/V - MOTOR VESSELMIP - MARINE INSURANCE POLICYMT - METRIC TON; 1,000KGS;2,204.6LBSNOR - NOTICE OF READINESSNOS - NOT OTHERWISE SPECIFIEDNRT - NET REGISTERED TONSNVOCC - NON VESSEL OPERATING COMMON CARRIER OWS - OWNERSP&C - PRIVATE & CONFIDENTIALP&I - PROTECTION & INDEMNITY-CLUBPANDI - PROTECTION & INDEMNITY CLUBPLS - PLEASE PLTS - PALLETSPOD - PORT OF DISCHARGEPOL - PORT OF LOADINGQTE - QUOTER - ARERDLY - REDELIVERYRDR - RADARRGE - RANGERND - ROUND (VOYAGE)RNGE - RANGERO-RO - ROLL ON ROLL OFFRQRD - REQUIREDRT - REVENUE TONSATCOM - SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONSHEX - SUNDAYS, HOLIDAYS EXCLUDEDSHINC - SUNDAYS, HOLIDAYS INCLUDEDSOC - SHIPPER OWNED CONTAINERSSHEX - SATURDAYS, SUNDAYS, HOLIDAYS EXCLUDEDSSHINC - SATURDAYS, SUNDAYS, HOLIDAYS INCLUDEDST - SHORT TONS; 2,000LBSSTBD - STARBOARDSUB - SUBJECT TOSWL - SAFE WORKING LOADTA - TIME OF ARRIVALTC - TIME CHARTERTCT - TIME CHARTER TRIPTEU - 20 FT EQUIVALENT UNITTHC - TERMINAL HANDLING CHARGESU - YOUUCE - UNFORESEEN CIRCUMSTANCES EXPECTEDUSD - UNITED STATES DOLLARSUSEC - UNITED STATES EAST COASTUSGC - UNITED STATES GULF COASTUSWC - UNITED STATES WEST COASTUU - UNLESS USEDVOL - VOLUMEWCSA - WEST COAST SOUTH AMERICAWIBON - WHETHER IN BERTH OR NOTWIPON - WHETHER IN PORT OR NOTW/M - WEIGHT OR MEASUREWOG - WITHOUT GUARANTEEWP - WEATHER PERMITTING由于船舶、货物、口岸及其它方面的各种原因，使得船方在运输货物时增加费用开支或蒙受经济损失，船方为补偿这些开支或损失，除大体费率外，规定另外收取的费用，就叫附加费（Surcharge或Additional）。
物流专业英语翻译Text 11. U.S. shippers say there are innumerable issues to keep in mind when setting up supply chain and logistics operations in China. However, most agree that becoming successful in the region requires customization with several logistics partners.美国船主称在中国建⽴供应链和物流企业，事物纷杂，不可掉以轻⼼，但多数都认同要在该地区获得成功必须有物流客户关系⽹。
2. Smith is adamant about integrating departments comprising the logistical framework of any large corporation. The purchasing department, for example, must have open communication with its import and export departments. 史密斯坚持要把⼤公司的物流架构统⼀起来，⽐如说采购部需要与进出⼝部进⾏开放式的交流。
3. Companies are in a race to leverage emerging markets--both as lower-cost supply sources and as new sources of revenue.公司要努⼒利⽤好既是低成本供应原料⼜是新增收⼊来源的新兴市场。
4. Eight of history`s ten largest mergers occurred in 2006;so the fact that mergers and acquisitions(M&A)will be bigger and more frequent than ever should not come as a surprise.历史上最⼤的⼗⼤兼并案的⼋宗发⽣在2006年，因此并购案将来会更频繁，规模更⼤，这没什么⼤惊⼩怪的。
国际物流费用中英文用语（大全）与物流费用分析外贸与报关的重要词汇海运费 ocean freight集卡运费、短驳费 Drayage订舱费 booking charge报关费 customs clearance fee操作劳务费 labour fee or handling charge商检换单费 exchange fee for CIP换单费 D/O fee拆箱费 De-vanning charge港杂费 port sur-charge电放费 B/L surrender fee冲关费 emergent declearation change海关查验费 customs inspection fee待时费 waiting charge仓储费 storage fee改单费 amendment charge拼箱服务费 LCL service charge动、植检疫费 animal & plant quarantine fee移动式其重机费 mobile crane charge进出库费 warehouse in/out charge提箱费 container stuffing charge滞期费 demurrage charge滞箱费 container detention charge卡车运费 cartage fee商检费 commodity inspection fee转运费 transportation charge污箱费 container dirtyness change坏箱费用 container damage charge清洁箱费 container clearance charge分拨费 dispatch charge车上交货 FOT ( free on track )电汇手续费 T/T fee转境费/过境费 I/E bonded charge空运方面的专用术语空运费 air freight机场费 air terminal charge空运提单费 airway bill feeFSC (燃油附加费) fuel surchargeSCC（安全附加费） security sur-charge抽单费 D/O fee上海港常用术语内装箱费 container loading charge(including inland drayage)疏港费 port congestion charge他港常用术语场站费 CFS charge文件费 document charge物流费用分析常见的物流费用包括以下几种：海洋运费：Ocean Freight, 从装运港到卸货港的海洋运输费用，按照货物运输方式及性质计价方式回不一样，如集装箱运输，按照每个集装箱收费，集装箱分为普通干箱（General Purpose, Dry）和特种集装箱，按照集装箱大小分为20’, 40’, 20’H(High, 高箱), 40’H(High,高箱)，45’等；特种集装箱分为挂衣箱、平板箱、框架箱、冷冻箱、开顶箱、半封闭箱等。
物流英语1unit2参考答案物流英语1 Unit 2 参考答案一、词汇题（Vocabulary Questions）1. 货物运输（Cargo Transportation）是指将货物从一个地点运输到另一个地点的过程。
2. 物流（Logistics）是供应链管理的一部分，涉及货物的存储、运输和配送。
3. 仓储（Warehousing）是物流过程中的一个环节，涉及到货物的存储和管理。
4. 供应链（Supply Chain）是指从原材料采购到最终产品交付给消费者的整个流程。
5. 配送（Distribution）是将产品从仓库运送到零售商或最终消费者的过程。
二、选择题（Multiple Choice Questions）1. What is the main purpose of logistics?A. To increase product pricesB. To reduce transportation costsC. To make products more difficult to accessD. To streamline the supply chainAnswer: D2. Which of the following is not a part of the supply chain?A. ManufacturingB. WarehousingC. RetailingD. AdvertisingAnswer: D3. What does the term "cargo" refer to?A. The act of transporting goodsB. The goods being transportedC. The vehicles used for transportationD. The process of storing goodsAnswer: B4. What is the primary function of a warehouse in logistics?A. To manufacture productsB. To store and manage inventoryC. To sell products directly to consumersD. To transport goods to other locationsAnswer: B5. What is the term used for the process of delivering products to consumers?A. ManufacturingB. DistributionC. WarehousingD. LogisticsAnswer: B三、填空题（Fill in the Blanks）1. The process of managing the flow of goods and information is known as ______.Answer: logistics2. The term ______ refers to the entire process from the supplier to the end customer.Answer: supply chain3. ______ is the act of storing goods in a designated location.Answer: Warehousing4. The goal of logistics is to ensure the right product is in the right place at the right time, which is often summarized as the 3Rs: the right product, the right ______, and theright ______.Answer: quantity, time5. In logistics, ______ is the process of moving goods from one place to another.Answer: transportation四、简答题（Short Answer Questions）1. What are the key components of a supply chain?Answer: The key components of a supply chain include sourcing, production, inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and distribution.2. Explain the role of a logistics manager.Answer: A logistics manager is responsible for overseeing the entire logistics process, which includes planning, implementing, and controlling the flow of goods, information, and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption for a firm or organization.3. What are the benefits of efficient logistics?Answer: Efficient logistics can lead to reduced costs,improved customer satisfaction, enhanced inventory management, and increased operational flexibility.4. Describe the importance of inventory management in logistics.Answer: Inventory management is crucial in logistics as it helps to maintain optimal stock levels, minimize storage costs, and ensure that products are available when needed,thus avoiding stockouts or overstock situations.5. What is the significance of transportation in the supply chain?Answer: Transportation is a vital part of the supply chain as it links different stages, ensuring the timely and cost-effective movement of goods from one point to another. It affects the delivery speed, cost, and overall efficiency ofthe supply chain.五、论述题（Essay Questions）1. Discuss the impact of globalization on logistics andsupply chain management.Answer: Globalization has significantly impacted logistics and supply chain management by expanding the scale and scopeof operations. It has necessitated the development of more complex and integrated supply chains that span acrosscountries and continents. This has led to the need for advanced logistics solutions, increased focus ontransportation efficiency, and the implementation of sophisticated information systems to manage global operations.2. Explain how technology has transformed the logisticsindustry.Answer: Technology has transformed the logistics industry through the introduction of automation, real-time tracking systems, advanced analytics, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning. These advancements have improved the accuracy of demand forecasting, optimized route planning, enhanced inventory management, and increased the overall efficiency and responsiveness of supply chains.请注意，以上内容仅为示例答案，实际的参考答案可能会根据具体的课程内容和考试要求有所不同。
物流英语习题答案物流英语习题答案在当今全球化的时代，物流行业的发展日益重要。
无论是国内贸易还是国际贸易，物流都扮演着至关重要的角色。
而随着物流行业的发展，掌握一定的物流英语知识也变得越来越重要。
下面是一些常见的物流英语习题及其答案，希望能帮助大家更好地理解和应用物流英语。
习题一：请翻译以下物流相关词汇1. 运输（Transportation）2. 仓库（Warehouse）3. 货物（Cargo）4. 装卸（Loading and unloading）5. 供应链（Supply chain）6. 采购（Procurement）7. 运费（Freight）8. 运输方式（Mode of transportation）9. 物流管理（Logistics management）10. 保险（Insurance）答案：1. Transportation2. Warehouse3. Cargo4. Loading and unloading5. Supply chain6. Procurement7. Freight8. Mode of transportation9. Logistics management10. Insurance习题二：请根据上下文选择正确的词语填空1. We need to find a ________ to transport the goods to the customer.a) vehicleb) warehousec) cargo2. The ________ process involves sorting, packaging, and labeling the products.a) procurementb) loadingc) supply chain3. The ________ company provides insurance coverage for the goods during transportation.a) warehouseb) insurancec) freight4. The most common ________ of transportation for international trade is by sea.a) modec) transportation5. Effective ________ management can help reduce costs and improve efficiency.a) supply chainb) logisticsc) procurement答案：1. a) vehicle2. b) loading3. b) insurance4. a) mode5. b) logistics习题三：请根据给出的定义选择正确的词语1. The process of buying goods and services for a business.a) procurementb) freightc) warehouse2. The cost of transporting goods from one place to another.a) freightb) cargoc) insurance3. A building or facility used for storing goods.b) warehousec) transportation4. The movement of goods from one location to another.a) transportationb) supply chainc) loading and unloading5. The coordination and management of the flow of goods and information.a) logistics managementb) procurementc) mode of transportation答案：1. a) procurement2. a) freight3. b) warehouse4. a) transportation5. a) logistics management习题四：请翻译以下句子1. We need to find a reliable transportation company to ship the products to our customers.答案：我们需要找到一个可靠的运输公司将产品运送给我们的客户。
物流英语课文内容精讲笔记第一章：物流概念与体系1.1 物流定义•物流是指商品从生产者到消费者全过程中的管理、运输和仓储活动的有组织的流动过程。
1.2 物流体系•物流体系主要包括供应链管理、仓储管理、运输管理等各个环节，通过有效管理和协调，实现产品的高效流通。
第二章：物流英语基础词汇2.1 重要词汇•Freight（运费） - 货物运输过程中的费用•Inventory（库存） - 企业储备的物资•Distribution（配送） - 将商品送达消费者手中的过程•Supply chain（供应链） - 由生产商、分销商和零售商组成的供货链条2.2 常用短语•Lead time（交货期） - 客户订购商品后，交货的时间•Just-in-time（准时生产） - 在需要时生产，减少库存浪费•Out of stock（缺货） - 没有现货可供销售第三章：物流管理实践3.1 供应链管理•供应链管理是全球物流领域的重要趋势，通过优化供应链，提高效率和降低成本。
3.2 仓储管理•有效的仓储管理可以降低库存成本，保证货物安全存储并提高物流效率。
3.3 运输管理•运输管理包括货物运输方式的选择和运输过程中的跟踪管理，确保货物快速、准时送达目的地。
第四章：物流行业发展趋势4.1 科技创新•物流行业越来越依赖科技，如物联网技术、无人机配送等，提高效率和降低成本。
4.2 环保可持续发展•物流行业应关注环保问题，减少碳排放，推动可持续发展。
4.3 国际化合作•跨国物流合作将更加紧密，加强国际间货物流通和信息交流。
通过对以上内容的学习，我们可以更好地理解物流领域的英语知识，并在实践中运用，提升物流工作效率和质量。
术语翻译与回答问题（主要出自每单元的学习重点与难点）underwriter 保险业者，承诺支付者，保险商Unit 1学习重点里的词汇中英互译：词汇和词组的中英一定都是牢记。
短语搭配如play a role, be based on 不会在词汇中英互译中出现，但会在句子翻译和选择题里体现Logistics物流, warehouse仓库（warehousing仓储）, inventory库存（库存成本inventory cost）,procurement获得, packaging包装, inbound往内地的，归航的, outbound开往外地或外国的, handling搬运(material handling材料搬运), coordination合作协作, strategic planning战略规划, customer service 客户服务, forecasting 预测，问答题１．What is modern logistics?Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet consumer s’ requirements.２．How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics? What are they? 2009.10 2007.10Eight sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics. They are packaging, warehousing, material handling, inventory, transport, forecasting, strategic planning and customer service.U2Strategy策略、战略, physical身体的、物质的, availability可得性、可用性、实用性, ultimate 最后的、最终的, outlet出口、出路, patronage赞助、光顾, accessibility可到达、易接近, furnishing设备、陈设品, brand品牌, offer提供、出价, pattern式样、模式. consumer products 消费类产品, convenience product 便利型产品，shopping products 购买型产品，specialty products 特殊产品，学习产品分类。
可能提的问题有：A. Products are of two kinds. What are they?They are industrial products and consumer products.B. Consumer goods can be put into three categories. What are they?According to the three different ways in which consumers select goods and services and where they buy them, consumer products can be put into three categories: convenience products, shopping products and specialty products.C. how do you differentiate convenience products from shopping products and from specialty products?Convenience products are those goods and services that consumers purchase frequently, immediately, and with little comparative shopping.2. 掌握８０／２０原则What is the 80-20 curve in logistics planning? 2011, 2010.1This concept is derived from the fact that the bulk of sales are generated from relatively few products in the product line. (2分) This simply means 80 percent of a firm’s sales are generated by 20 percent of the product line. (2分) An exact 80 -20 ratio is rarely observed, but this disproportionality between sales and the number of items is generally true.U3Transportation/transport运输, available可利用的, component部分、零件, performance履行、绩效, distinguish区分, rate比率, primarily主要地, competition竞争, carrier（运货的）船、承运人, middleman中间人, freight forwarder货运代理, broker经纪人.zero inventory零库存，variable costs可变成本，transport rates运费费率, pricing 定价难点及可能提出的问题五大运输模式There are five modes of transport. What are they?They are air, truck, rail, water and pipe transport.决定费率的三个主要方面。
How can we distinguish one transport service from another? 2008.10Transport services are best described by their cost and performance characters.These distinguish one transport service form another and it is what a user buys form the transportation system.The cost characters vary from one mode to another and determine their rate structures.Rates are based primarily on three factors—distance, shipment size and competition.零库存对生产企业的好处。
(此题在课文没有详细阐述，出题可能不大。
)What’s the advantage of zero inventory to a manufacturer?It helps to reduce the inventory cost.U４Strategy策略、战略, inventory cost库存成本（cost 成本）, storage cost储存成本, tax税, insurance保险(insurance cost 保险费), interest 利息obsolescence损耗(obsolescence cost陈旧性损耗费；无形磨损费；废弃成本), quantity数量balance平衡, play a role起作用, on one hand…on the other一方面．．．另一方面．．．, be based on基于, result in导致、结果是。
Overstock库存过剩cash 现金库存成本的意义If you keep an overstock of the inventory, what will happen to the expenses? 2009.1Inventory is viewed as playing a role in the value-added process. (1分) But this doesn’t mean the more you have in the form of inventory the richer you are. (1分) If you keep an overstock of inventory, expenses will incur not only in warehousing, (1分) but also in many aspects, such as the capital cost and the interest accruing on it, taxes, insurance, obsolescence cost and storage cost. (2分)如何节省库存成本Why is it necessary to make plans for inventory? What are the three basic questions the plan should be able to answer?The storage cost can amount to over 37% of the total logistics cost, result in the necessity of making plans for inventory. The plan should be able to answer three basic questions: when to order, how to order and inventory control procedures.U5Packaging包装, facilitate使容易、帮助、促进, verification查证、检验、证实, specification要求、规格, frequency频率, identification识别, checkpoint检查点、检查站, potentially潜在地、可能地, franchise特许经营, trash垃圾, disposal处理, repellent驱虫剂. Universal Product Code(UPC)通用商品代码, Radio Frequency Identification无线电频率识别系统，Transportation Rate 运费费率掌握物流过程中包装的种类及各自的功能和作用。
