News vocabulary politics

第二版新视野大学英语读写教程4第四册课后答案Unit OneIII.1. idle2. justify3. discount4. distinct5. minute6.accused7. object8. contaminate9. sustain 10. worshipIV.1. accusing... of2. end up3. came upon4. at her worst5. pay for6. run a risk of7. participate in8. other than9. object to/objected 10. at bestV1. K2. G3. C4. E5. N6.O7.I8. L9. A 10. DCollocationVI.1. delay2. pain3. hardship4. suffering5. fever6. defeat7. poverty8. treatment9. noise 10. agonyWord buildingVII.1. justify2. glorify3. exemplifies4. classified5. purified6. intensify7. identify8. terrifiedVIII.1. bravery2. jewelry3. delivery4. machinery5. robbery6. nursery7. scenery8. discoverySentence StructureIX.1. other than for funerals and weddings2. other than to live an independent life3. other than that they appealed to his eye . . `4. but other than that, he'll eat just about everything .5. other than that it's somewhere in the town centerX.1. shouldn't have been to the cinema last night2. would have; told him the answer3. they needn't have gone at all4. must have had too much work to do5. might have been injured seriouslyTranslationXI. -1. The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what wemay have done during the day.3.Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it.5.Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6. They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security.XII.l.出入除自己家以外的任何场所时，如果你带有宠物，一定要了解有关宠物的规定。

新闻英语的高级词汇News Vocabulary:1. Headlines:- Breaking news: the latest and most important news.- Exclusive: a story that is reported by only one news organization. - Headline news: the most important news stories featured at the top of a news bulletin or website.- Scoop: an important news story obtained or reported before any competitors.2. Reporting:- Coverage: the extent to which news stories are reported by the media.- Investigative journalism: in-depth reporting that uncovers corruption, wrongdoing, or hidden information.- Fact-checking: verification of the accuracy of information presented in news articles.- Live reporting: reporting events as they happen, providing real-time updates on a particular story or event.- Op-ed: a newspaper article expressing the personal opinion of the writer.- Press conference: a meeting held by an organization or individual to inform the media about a particular issue or event.3. Sources:- Anonymous source: a person who provides information to a journalist but remains unidentified.- Credible source: a reliable and trustworthy source of information. - Eye-witness: someone who directly observes an event and offersa firsthand account.- Official statement: a statement made by a government or organization to provide information or respond to a particular issue. - Unconfirmed reports: information that has not been verified or substantiated by reliable sources.4. Journalism:- Muckraking: investigative journalism that aims to uncover corruption or misconduct.- Pulitzer Prize: a prestigious award given to journalists for excellence in reporting.- Sensationalism: the use of exaggerated or shocking stories to attract attention or increase readership/viewership.- Yellow journalism: a style of reporting characterized by sensationalism, exaggeration, and unethical practices.5. Media:- Broadcaster: a person or organization responsible for transmitting news or other programs via radio or television.- Citizen journalism: the collection, reporting, and analysis of news and information by ordinary individuals rather than professional journalists.- Gatekeeper: an individual or organization that controls the flowof news and information to the public.- Mass media: forms of communication, such as television, radio, or newspapers, that reach a large audience.- Spin doctor: someone who presents information in a way that favors their own interests or those of a particular group.6. Politics:- Bipartisan: involving the cooperation or agreement of two opposing political parties.- Cabinet: a group of senior government officials appointed by the president or prime minister to manage specific areas of policy.- Lobbying: the act of attempting to influence decisions made by government officials in favor of a particular interest or cause.- Parliament: the highest legislative body in a country, composedof elected representatives.- Policy: a course of action or set of rules adopted by a government, political party, or organization.- Polling station: a place where voters go to cast their votes during an election.Note: The provided vocabulary covers a variety of news-related terms. The content should not be considered as an actual news article, as it lacks specific contextual information and sample sentences typically found in news reporting.。

Period 1 vocabulary【大成目标】（目标解读及课堂组织2分钟）1.根据字母及字母组合的拼读规则，能正确拼读本模块的单词和短语；2.了解某些重点词和短语的用法并能够熟练运用。

（重难点）【使用说明】1.课前自主拼读并尽量识记本模块词汇；2.注意本学案的小贴士；3.建议课时：2课时。

step 1.认真拼读本模块的单词和短语，注意发音； Step 2.小组内互相纠正发音； S tep 3.让部分学生朗读单词，集体纠正其发音；Step 4.全班同学集体朗读。

重点单词探究：1.panic (V.) → panicked→ panickingbe in a panic____________________get into a panic__________________in a state of panic________________cause a panic__________________keys: 处在惊慌中; 陷入惊慌中; 惊恐万状; 引起恐慌2.lie v ．撒谎，卧，躺，位于；n.谎言【妙辨异同】(1)v .撒谎lie —lied —lied —lying lie to sb.向某人撒谎(2)n .谎言(3)v .卧，躺，位于lie —lay —lain —lyinglie down 躺下，屈服，甘受lie on one‘s back/side/stomach 仰卧/侧卧/俯卧lie in:在于，位于（在某范围之内）lie on/upon:依靠，全凭，位于（与之接壤）lie to:位于（在某范围之外）(4)lay 意为“下蛋，产卵，搁置，放置”，过去式、过去分词和现在分词分别为laid ，laid ，laying 。

基础案（课中10分钟） 自主学习，小组合作，展示点评 升华案（25分钟）自主学习，小组合作，展示点评温馨提示： 注意到panic 的过去时和过去分词与一般动词的不同之处了吗？ 温馨提示：拼读过程中，注意字母及字母组合的读音规则。

上册第一单元1.in the past (formerly)2.include (embrace)3.man-made (artificial)4.control systematically (regulate)5.exactly (precisely)6.undesired (unwanted)7.irrelevant (extraneous)8.having intense feeling (passionate)9.aim toward (be targeted to)10.not far away (at hand)11.be charged for (be used for)第二单元1.His criminal activities were finally（uncovered）.2.Scienctist from the two countries（concurred）to develop the vaccine.3.Lightning usually（accompanies）thunder.4.The bad weather（frustrated）our hopes of going out.5.She believes that she is not a good mother because she does not fit the （stereotype）of a woman who spends all her time with her children.6.He is always（switching）from one job to an another.7.He just smiled and（dismissed）the story as mere rumor.8.The sudden noise（distracted）his mind from his painful memories.9.The story can be（adapted）for use in schools.10.That is what we（assume）,but it is not esay to find evidence to prove it.11.She tried to（probe）into my mind and discover what I was thinking.12.She is too ambitious to remain in a（subordinate）position for long in the company.第三单元1.containing many detailed parts and thus difficult to understand. (intricate)2.nearly correct but not exactly. (approximately)3.a sudden shaking of the Earth，s surface. (earthquake)4.having many different kinds of skills or abilities. (versatile)5.standing apart, separate as is to be alone. (isolated)6.the opposite in position; the other way around. (reverse)7.in addition to; also (as well as)8.depending on each other; necessary to each other. (interdependent)9.increase in number by giving birth to offspring. (multiply)10.eat something in order to stay alive or subsist. (live on)11.destroy completely. (kill off)12.not in its exact or accurate position. (out of true)13.provide with proper or necessary skills, knowledge etc. (qualify)14.not in any way. (not at all)15.as a result from a natural impulse or tendency. (spontaneously)第四单元1、The meeting dragged (on) for three hours.2、The party broke (up) only after midnight.3、We dropped (by) the club to see if Bill was there.4、No matter what we talk about, Jim always drags (in) politics5、Britain has dropped (behind) Japan as a producer of cheap cotton fabrics.6、Gradually his strength failed and he dropped (behind) in the race7、Scientists hope to break (through) soon in their fight against heart disease.8、Several friends dropped (in) during the day, but only a few stayed for dinner.9、A big fire broke (out) on the ground floor of the market.10、If you hadn’t broken (in), I could have told the story more easily.11、The cold winter dragged (on) until we thought that spring would never come.12、Why must you always drag this subject (in) when we are talking.13、Please drop (by) any time you are in town.14、They dragged (out) the meeting with long speeches.15、The children seem to have been dragged (up) without proper training and education.16、Several painters in the exhibition have broken (with) traditional styles.17、He tried to cope with the ever-increasing burden of his work, but finally he broke (down) and had to take a complete rest.18、He broke (off) in the middle of the conversation.19、It is difficult to break (away) from old habits.20、Well, drop (in) some time tomorrow and we will talk things over.第五单元1、Learn and discover (a fact that was hidden) （find out）2、A group of people living together by shared interests, religion, etc. （community）3、Change into something of different form or properties （convert）4、Have a clear meaning （wake sense）5、A state of very strong feeling, esp. of joy and happiness （ecstasy）6、Take the place of （replace）7、to some extent; somewhat （more or less）8、at the lowest estimate or figure （at least）9、not easily managed; hard to treat, relieve, or cure （intractable）10、understand; figure out the meaning of （make out）下册第一单元Invigorate transient inaccessible impetus conviction facilitate cherish disturbance motto suppress stagnation incorporate defiance exhilarating ideology1.The Bill has （incorporated）many of the suggestions put forward by the Opposition..2.New technologies are needed to（invigorate）the country’s economy.3.The noise of cars passing along the road is a continual (suppressed) to our quiet life.4.The soldier (disturbance) his fear and went on fighting.5.This country is suffering from its economic (stagnation).6.The old man (cherished) the girl as if she were his daughter7.Do not lose hope ;remember the (motto)“Never say die”.8.The temple is high in the mountain , and is (inaccessible) to the public in winter.9.The child showed (defiance) by refusing to eat.10.I am defending my communist (ideology) ,my ideals ,the content and significance of my whole life.11.The car run down the hill under its own (impetus)12.There a canal was being built to (facilitate)commerce between these two cities.13.My first parachute jump wan a(n) (exhilarating) experience.14.It’s my (conviction) that you did not try hard enough.15.“Worldly wealth is (transient);heavenly wealth lasts for ever.”said thepriest.第二单元Infection immune deficiency sparsely devastate host quadruple impoverish avenue cripple afflict deluge inure phenomenal menace1.The hurricane (devastated) a large section of the coast.2.After the lecture on human cloning, the professor was (deluged)with questions.3.She was greatly (afflicted) with the loss of her child.4.When once you have the disease of smallpox, you are (immune) from it for the rest of your life.5.You can guard against the (infection)of that disease by doing more exercise to help your body to resist it.6.They found there was a serious (deficiency) of VC in this patient.7.The land had become (impoverished) from years of irresponsible use.8.He has decided to cross the English Channel . Now he has to (inure) himself to the cold water.9.Mexico will be (quadruple) to the next APEC meeting.10.If you (host) 5,you get 20.11.The road outside the school is a (menace) to the children' s safety.12.She experienced a time of deep depression after she was (crippled) inthe car accident .13.He has been working very had in the past few years , and has achieved the (phenomenal) success of his books.14.I like this (sparsely) populated region. It is quiet with little traffic.15.To find the solution to this tough problem,we have explored every (avenue).第三单元1.A general agreement ; (consensus)2.break into small pieces ; (crumble)3.of the greatest importance ; (vital)4.most common ; (prevailing)5.Become gradually fewer or smaller ; (dwindle)6.call into question ; (dispute)7.A person who argues in favor of sth. ; (proponent)8.an authoritative principle or belief ; (dogma)rge in amount ; (massive)10.explain ; (interpret)11.suspicion ; (hunch)12.baffle or confuse . (puzzle)第四单元rge-scale industry (emerged) gradually as technology evolved.2.Although the ministers intend to (launch) a major new negotiation, the conference stalled on the issue of agriculture and was widely regarded as a failure .3.There is a wide (gap) between the views of the two statesmen.4.When the Communist Party went out of power, Russia (declined) as a world power.5.Trade rules are important for small and (medium-sized) countries.6.The rules are enforced by the WTO members themselves under agreed (procedures) that they negotiated.7.The success of this experiment is (crucial) to the project as a whole.8.The members of the group are (diverse), but sharing a common objective that agriculture has to be liberalized.9.Investors made millions on that real estate (transaction)10.There are strict rules (regulating) the use of chemicals in food.11.The work of WTO is undertaken by (representatives)of member governments but its root lie in the everyday activity of industry and commerce.12.She went through a long (depression) after losing her job.13.The Uruguay Round agreement has a 6-year (implementation) period and 10 years for developing countries.14.Special (provisions)deal with the interest of countries that rely on imports for their food supplies, and the least developed economies.第五单元1 .very anxious and troubled almost to the point of madness (distraught)2 .fall suddenly (tumble)3 .move oneself violently,hurriedly (fling)4 .kind;sort (strain)5 .sell goods at a lower price than a business competitor (undersell)6 .make up for (compensate)7 .brisk energy and high spirit (pep)8 .destroy completely and put an end to sth. (eradicate)9 .infected (tainted)10 .sudden rush of frightened people or animal (stampede)。

关于学科的英语单词100个一、基础学科类。

1. mathematics [ˌmæθəˈmætɪks] (n.) 数学。

2. physics [ˈfɪzɪks] (n.) 物理学。

3. chemistry [ˈkemɪstri] (n.) 化学。

4. biology [baɪˈɒlədʒi] (n.) 生物学。

5. geography [dʒiˈɒɡrəfi] (n.) 地理学。

6. history [ˈhɪstri] (n.) 历史。

7. politics [ˈpɒlətɪks] (n.) 政治学。

8. economics [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks] (n.) 经济学。

9. philosophy [fəˈlɒsəfi] (n.) 哲学。

10. psychology [saɪˈkɒlədʒi] (n.) 心理学。

二、语言学科类。

11. Chinese [ˌtʃaɪˈniːz] (n.) 汉语；中文。

12. English [ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ] (n.) 英语。

13. French [frentʃ] (n.) 法语。

14. German [ˈdʒɜːmən] (n.) 德语。

15. Spanish [ˈspænɪʃ] (n.) 西班牙语。

16. Japanese [ˌdʒæpəˈniːz] (n.) 日语。

17. Arabic [ˈærəbɪk] (n.) 阿拉伯语。

18. linguistics [lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks] (n.) 语言学。

19. grammar [ˈɡræmə(r)] (n.) 语法。

20. vocabulary [vəˈkæbjələri] (n.) 词汇。

三、艺术学科类。

21. art [ɑːt] (n.) 艺术。

22. music [ˈmjuːzɪk] (n.) 音乐。

23. dance [dɑːns] (n.) 舞蹈。

各种水果almond杏仁apple苹果apple core苹果核apple juice苹果汁apple skin苹果皮apricot杏子apricot flesh杏肉apricot pit杏核areca nut槟榔子banana香蕉banana skin香蕉皮beechnut山毛榉坚果Beijing flowering crab海棠果bitter orange酸橙blackberry黑莓canned fruit罐头水果carambola杨桃cherry樱桃cherry pit樱桃核cherry pulp樱桃肉chestnut栗子Chinese chestnut板栗Chinese date枣Chinese gooseberry猕猴桃Chinese walnut山核桃coconut椰子coconut milk椰奶coconut water椰子汁cumquat金桔damson plum西洋李子Dangshan pear砀山梨date枣date pit枣核decayed fruit烂果downy pitch毛桃dry fruit干果duke公爵樱桃fig无花果filbert榛子flat peach蟠桃flesh果肉flesh fruit肉质果fresh litchi鲜荔枝gingko白果，银杏grape葡萄grape juice葡萄汁grape skin葡萄皮grapestone葡萄核greengage青梅Hami melon哈密瓜haw山楂果hawthorn山楂hazel榛子honey peach水蜜桃juicy peach水蜜桃jujube枣kernel仁kumquat金桔lemon柠檬litchi荔枝litchi rind荔枝皮longan桂圆，龙眼longan pulp桂圆肉，龙眼肉loguat枇杷mandarine柑桔mango芒果morello黑樱桃muskmelon香瓜，甜瓜navel orange脐橙nut坚果nut meat坚果仁nut shell坚果壳oleaster沙枣olive橄榄orange柑桔orange peel柑桔皮papaya木瓜peach桃子pear梨pineapple菠萝plum李子plumcot李杏pomegranate石榴pomelo柚子，文旦red bayberry杨梅rotten fruit烂果strawberry草莓sultana无核小葡萄tangerine柑桔walnut胡桃，核桃walnut kernel核桃仁water chestnut荸荠watermelon西瓜味道superfine特级的tinned fruit罐头水果early-maturing早熟的cold storage冷藏cold store冷藏库crisp脆的bargain price廉价seasonable应时的seedless orange无核桔special-grade特级的mature成熟的first class一等地，甲等的flavour味道fresh新鲜的fruiterer水果商fruit in bags袋装水果fruit knife水果刀fruits of the season应时水果give full weigh分量准足give short weight短斤缺两perishable易腐烂的reduced price处理价ripe成熟的unripe未成熟的late-maturing晚熟的in season应时的juicy多汁的tart酸的tender嫩的时间（年、月、季节等）century世纪；百年period时期；时代；期间year年season季节spirng春天；春季summer夏天；夏季autumn秋天；秋季winter冬天；冬季week周；星期day天；日date日期future将来；未来daytime白天；白昼morning早晨；上午A．M．/a．m．上午noon中午；正午afternoon下午P．M．/p．m．下午evening傍晚；晚上night夜晚tonight今晚time时间；次数o'clock……点钟hour小时quarter一刻钟minute分钟instant瞬间；即时moment片刻；瞬间；时刻while一段时间second秒age年龄birthday生日holiday假日；假期自然界nature大自然；自然界universe宇宙space空间；太空planet行星sky天空heaven天空；天国；天堂sun太阳moon月亮earth地球；土；泥star星satellite卫星weather天气cloud云snow雪rain雨wind风fog雾thunder雷声storm风暴；狂暴天气daylight日光；白天；黎明darkness黑暗ground地面soil土壤；土地mud泥；泥浆dust灰尘；尘土dirt污物；灰尘desert沙漠；荒地sand沙；沙地cave洞；穴；岩洞hole洞；坑；孔mountain山；（复）山脉hill小山forest森林tree树wood木头；木材；（复）树林；森林trunk树干；象鼻branch枝条；支流；部门leaf（pl．leaves）叶子pine松树root根；根茎flower花rose玫瑰花valley（山）谷；流域stone石头rock岩石；大石头plain平原；旷野grass草；草地grassland草地；牧场；草原road路；公路route路；路线roadside路边border边缘；边界edge边缘；边世界各洲、国家、城市、海洋world世界continent大陆；洲country国家nation国家；民族empire帝国kingdom王国state州；国家；政府；状态province省city城市town市镇；城镇capital首都；省会Asia亚洲Asian亚洲人China中国the People's Republic ofChina中华人民共和国Chinese中国人；汉语Japan日本Japanese日本人；日语India印度Indian印度人；印第安人；印第安语the Indian Ocean印度洋Europe欧洲European欧洲人France法国French法语Frenchman（pl．Frenchmen）法国人Paris巴黎Italy意大利Italian意大利人；意大利语Germany德国German德国人；德语Berlin柏林Britain英国；不列颠（英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的总称）the British英国人England英格兰；（泛指）英国English英语Englishman（pl．Englishmen）英国人；英国男人London伦敦Russia俄罗斯Russian俄罗斯人；俄语America美国；美洲the United States（of America）（USA）美利坚合众国；美国American美国人Washington华盛顿Canada加拿大Canadian加拿大人Africa非洲African非洲人Arab阿拉伯Arabian阿拉伯人Oceania大洋洲Australia澳大利亚Australian澳大利亚人Antarctica南极洲（the）Atlantic大西洋the Atlantic Ocean大西洋Arctic北极the Arctic Ocean北冰洋（the）Pacific太平洋the Pacific Ocean太平洋方位direction方向；方面；指导left左；左边right右；右边centre/center中心corner角；（街道）拐角；角落crossing交叉（点）；十字路口place地方；地点；位置spot点；场所；地点side边；面top顶部；物的上面bottom底；末端end末梢；终点front前面back后面；背部；脊背east东；东方west西；西方north北；北方south南；南方农工商业agriculture农业farm农场field地；田地；领域plough/plow犁crop庄稼；收成harvest收成seed种子wheat小麦grain谷物；谷类；谷粒corn谷物；玉米cotton棉花village村庄；乡村industry工业factory工厂works工厂；工事；著作workshop车间machine机器electricity电coal煤power station发电站material原料；材料metal金属silver银gold金steel钢iron铁powder粉；粉末poison毒药；毒物；毒害ex hibition展览discovery发现invention发现speed速度trade商业；贸易；行业market市场marketplace市场bank银行hotel旅馆restaurant饭馆shop商店service服务information通知；情报；信息supply供给；补充；供给物sale销售；卖goods货物；商品income收入；所得debt债wealth财富；财产value价值；重要性；益处price价格；代价money钱；货币dollar元（美国、加拿大等国货币单位）bill账单；清单；（美）钞票；纸币tax税poster海报；招贴package包裹；包装quality质量quantity数量；量建筑住所building建筑物；房屋house房子office办公室hall会堂；大厅；礼堂room房间；空间余地dining-room餐室；食堂fence篱笆；栅栏garden花园yard院子；庭院entrance入口；入场gate大门door门roof屋顶；顶ceiling天花板；顶篷floor（室内）地；地板wall墙window窗stair（常用复数）楼梯storey（房屋的一）层pole杆；柱tower塔temple庙宇；寺院museum博物馆square广场monument纪念碑prison监狱hospital医院population人口pollution污染address住址；通讯处学习生活subject科目；主题politics政治Chinese汉语；语文English英语history历史geography地理mathematics/maths数学arithmetic算术science科学；自然科学chemistry化学physics物理biology生物art美术；文艺labour劳动school学校grade年级class班；课team队；组group组；群classroom教室seat座位line行；线row（一）排；（一）行desk书桌；课桌chair椅子blackboard黑板chalk粉笔book书cover封面dictionary词典copybook习字本；习字帖map地图paper纸pen钢笔ink墨水pencil铅笔rubber橡皮ruler尺子note笔记；注释；便条laboratory实验室ex periment实验；试验globe球状物；地球仪telescope忚远镜model模型mix ture混合物computer计算机memory记忆力；存贮器library图书馆lesson课；功课；教训tex t课文；课本topic题目；主题page页；页码sentence句子idiom成语；习惯用语phrase短语；习惯用语word词；单词；话；言词grammar语法verb动词tale传说；故事story故事；小说design图案；花样figure图形；外形；形象article文章；论文；冠词poem诗；韵文news新闻；消息message消息；信息newspaper报纸newsreel新闻影片magazine杂志lecture演讲；讲课drill操练；训练dialogue对话pronunciation发音handwriting书法composition作文diary日记homework家庭作业ex ercise练习；做操；运动problem问题；习题question问题；疑问drawing制图（指素描或工程图样）；图画ex amination考试test考查；测试race赛跑prize奖品；奖金medal奖章；纪念章education教育；培养university大学institute学院；研究所；学会college（综合大学中的）学院；高等专科学校department（大学的）系；（行政机构的）部；局；处；科term学期graduation毕业plan计划rule规则；规定name名字list名单；目录；一览表meeting会；集会notice布告；通知；注意board木板；板league联盟Youth League青年团knowledge知识language语言speech说话；发言；演说progress进步skill技能；技巧technique技术；技能technology工艺学；技术theory理论；原理practice实践；练习research研究；调查文体活动music音乐song歌曲concert音乐会violin小提琴piano钢琴television（TV）电视TV play电视剧TV program（me）电视节目TV set电视机screen幕；荧光屏radio收音机broadcast广播cinema电影院film影片；电影program（me）节目；程序club俱乐部；社团slide幻灯片tape狭带；卷尺；录音带recorder录音机record录音theater剧场；戏院scene（戏剧、电影的）一场；布景act（戏剧的）一幕ball舞会palace宫church教堂god上帝Christmas圣诞节Christmas card圣诞卡Christmas Eve圣诞节前夕（十二月二（十四日）Mery Christmas圣诞快乐joy欢乐；高兴sport运动ball球basket-ball篮球volleyball排球tennis网球table tennis乒乓球bat（网球、乒乓球的）球拍football足球match比赛；竞赛winner获胜者whistle口哨声；哨子playground操场；（儿童）游戏场balloon气球kite风筝gun枪；炮spear矛；梭镖sword剑arrow箭bow/b+u/弓park公园zoo动物园party聚会evening（联欢性的）晚会English evening英语晚会game游戏；运动；比赛joke笑话；玩笑fun有趣的事；玩笑；娱乐present礼物gift礼物toy玩具人物、职业、姓名chairman（pl．chairmen）主席leader领袖；领导人president总统emperor皇帝king国王queen女王；王后minister大臣；部长the Prime Minister首相；总理official官员noble贵族mayor市长；镇长citizen市民；公民people人；人们the people人民crowd人群mass（聚成一体的）团；块the masses群众black people黑人slave奴隶person人mankind人类human人human being人communist共产主义者secretary秘书；书记member成员League member团员Party member党员pioneer先锋Young Pioneer少年先锋队boss老板master主人；男教师servant仆人；佣人judge法官lawyer律师；法学家murderer杀人犯；凶手general将军captain陆军上尉；船长；（足球队等）队长officer军官fighter战士soldier士兵；战士hero英雄guard哨兵；警卫员enemy敌人；敌军headmaster（英）中小学校长professor教授teacher教师schoolmaster（男）教师；（小学）校长student学生schoolboy中小学男学生schoolgirl中小学女学生pupil小学生；学生classmate同班同学monitor班长comrade同志fellow（口语）人；家伙；小伙子stranger陌生人；外行visitor访问者；参观者scientist科学家ex pert专家；能手；内行physicist物理学家writer作者；作家；书写者thinker思想家speaker说话者；讲演者poet诗人manager经理；管理人engineer工程师；技师worker工人robot机器人doctor医生；博士（略作D．或Dr．）nurse护士patient病人chemist化学家；药剂师assistant助手；图书管理员shop assistant售货员salesgirl女售货员salesman（pl．salesmen）男售货员；店员artist美术家；艺术家singer歌唱家；歌手musician音乐家；作曲家pianist钢琴家driver司机；驾驶员conductor（汽车、电车上的）售票员；（火车上的）列车员passenger乘客；旅客；过路人waiter侍者；服务员astronaut宇宙航行员peasant农民farmer农夫；农场主villager村子里的居民fisherman渔夫hunter猎人weaver织布工；编织者tailor裁缝sailor海员；水手；水兵owner物主；所有人police警察部队；警察当局policeman（pl．policemen）警察thief（pl．thieves）贼spy间谍savage野人；残酷的人spirit妖怪；精神woman（pl．women）妇女；女人madam/madame女士；夫人lady女士；夫人；小姐Miss女士；小姐（对未婚妇女的称呼）man（pl．men）男人；人gentleman（pl．gentlemen）绅士；男人sir先生；阁下Mr先生（用于姓名前）Mrs夫人；太太（用于姓名前）亲属关系family家；家庭；子女home家folk人们；（口语）家属；亲属grandfather祖父；外祖父grandmother祖母；外祖母parent父（母）亲father父亲mother母亲child（pl．children）小孩；儿童baby婴儿boy男孩girl女孩son儿子daughter女儿grandson孙子；外孙子granddaughter孙女；外孙女sister姐妹brother兄；弟uncle叔；伯；舅；姨父；姑父aunt婶母；伯母；舅母；姨；姑cousin堂/表兄弟；堂/表姐妹husband丈夫wife妻子friend朋友neighbour邻居；邻人guest客人favourite特别喜欢的人或物人体部分body身体；尸体head头hair头发brain脑（子）；（常用复数）通知face脸forehead前额headache头疼eye眼睛eyesight视力sight视力；视觉；看见tear（常用复数）眼泪；泪珠nose鼻子mouth嘴lip嘴唇tooth（pl．teeth）牙齿tongue舌头；语言；口语throat喉咙voice说话声；嗓音ear耳朵hearing听；听力neck颈；脖子shoulder肩膀arm手臂；胳膊hand手finger手指nail指甲wing翅膀chest胸部heart心（脏）lung肺stomach胃；腹部waist腰；腰部tail尾巴；尾部knee膝盖leg腿foot（pl．feet）脚bone骨；骨头flesh肉；肉体skin皮肤fur（兽类的）软毛；皮毛sweat汗blood血pulse脉搏breath呼吸；气息health健康；卫生illness疾病temperature温度fever发烧medicine（内服）药operation手术；操作feeling感情hunger饿；饥饿ex pression表达；词句；表情sob呜咽；啜泣ache疼；疼痛pain疼；疼痛sorrow悲痛；遗憾suffering痛苦；苦难energy精力活力；能；能量sense感官；感觉；意义动物animal动物；牲畜beast四足动物；兽lion狮子elephant象deer（pl．deer）鹿wolf（pl．wolves）狼monkey猴子fox狐狸hare野兔bear熊snake蛇camel骆驼cattle（复数）牲畜；牛的总称cow母牛horse马pig猪sheep（pl．sheep）羊；绵羊goat山羊dog狗cat猫rat鼠mouse（pl．mice）鼠；耗子bat蝙蝠bird鸟；禽类hawk鹰sparrow麻雀cock公鸡hen母鸡chicken鸡肉；小鸡chick小鸡duck鸭子ant蚂蚁fish鱼frog蛙worm虫；蠕虫pest害虫；有害的东西bee蜜蜂交通工具way路；道路path道路；路程；小道street街道road路；公路crossing交叉（点）；十字路口track足迹；（火车等的）轨道（体）跑道rail铁轨；轨道；铁路railway铁路trip旅行；旅程journey旅行；旅程visit访问；参观station站；所；车站stop停车站airport航空站；飞机场plane飞机jet喷射；喷气发动机spaceship宇宙飞船flight航班；飞翔；飞行train火车bus公共汽车tax i出租汽车truck卡车jeep吉普车car汽车；小汽车motor发动机；马达carriage四轮马车bicycle/bike脚踏车；自行车wheel轮；车轮；机轮；轮状物boat小船；艇；小轮船ship轮船lifeboat救生艇sail帆；篷政治、军事idea思想；主意；念头Marx ism马克思主义socialism社会主义commmunism共产主义construction建设society社会；会；社团revolution革命liberation解放freedom自由republic共和国government政府law法律；法令development发展；开发poverty贫穷；缺乏friendship友谊；友好defence防御；保护army军队the PLA=the People's LiberantionArmy人民解放军troop（常用复数）军队；部队；一群rank军衔camp宿营；露营duty责任；义务；本分base基础；基地；根据地war战争battle战役；会战；战斗struggle斗争；奋斗position位置；阵地danger危险victory胜利imperialist帝国主义者imperialism帝国主义incident（政治性）事变；事件accident意外的事；事故生活用品thing东西；事情lamp灯candle蜡烛light光；灯（光）lock锁key钥匙desk课桌；书桌table桌子chair椅子bench长凳fan扇子bed床sheet被单；褥单blanket羊毛毯；毯子clock时钟watch手表glasses眼镜umbrella伞camera照相机wallet钱夹；皮夹soap肥皂brush刷子；画笔bath洗澡；澡盆shower淋浴plug插头；塞子wire（金属）线；电线curtain（窗、门）帘；幕hook钩bell铃；钟thread线string细绳；带子rope绳子net网picture图画；照片photo相片portrait肖像；画像；描写；人物描写basin水盆；面盆comb梳子mirror镜子pipe管子；导管；输送管bottle瓶vase（装饰用的）瓶；花瓶pot罐；锅；壶jar坛子；罐子；缸lid（坛子、壶等的）盖子bowl碗fork叉；餐叉knife小刀dish盘子；碟；一道菜plate盘子；碟子cup小茶杯glass玻璃；玻璃杯box盒子iron铁；铁制品；熨斗stove火炉gas气体；煤气match火柴basket篮子bag提包；口袋；书包housework家务劳动rubbish垃圾；废物ash灰；（常用复数）灰烬；灰堆dustbin垃圾箱tool工具；器具hammer铁锤；木槌nail钉子card卡片；名片letter信envelope信封stamp邮票telephone/phone电话；电话机telegram电报telegraph电报（指通讯方式）；电报机plastics塑料；塑料制品衣着A- line skirt 斜裙all-weather coat 风雨衣apparel and accessories服饰artificial fur and leather garment人造毛皮、服装bell-bottom trousers 喇叭裤blouse 女衬衫business suit 职业服Chinese style coat 中式上衣Chinese style slack中式裤cape 披风chemical fiber garment 化纤服装children’s wear 童装cotton wadded jacket/trousers 棉袄/棉裤culotte裙裤custom made 定制服装cowboy wear牛仔服down garment 羽绒服down wadded trousers羽绒裤连衣裙dress中西式大衣Eastern and Western style coat 夜礼服evening dress时装fashion喇叭裙flare skirt裘革服装fur or leather garment 猎装hunting婴儿服装infant’s wear夹克衫jacket牛仔裤jeans背心裙jumper skirt连衣裙jumpersuit灯笼裤knicherbockers斗篷mantle超短裙mini-skirt睡袍night-grown背带裙overalls吊带裙：Camisole大衣coat褶裙pleated skirt睡衣袍pijamas旗袍Qipao成衣ready- to-wear马裤ride breeches丝绸衣服silk garment筒裙straight skirt燕尾服swallow-tailed coat节裙tiered skirt西服裙skirt西裤trousers风衣trench coat背心vest新娘礼服wedding gown女式服装women’s wear毛呢服装woolen garment劳动保护服working wear青年装young men ‘s jacket中山装zhong Shan jacket滑雪衫Anorakcloth布；布料silk丝织品；绸；丝clothes衣服clothing（总称）衣服；衣着suit一套（衣服）hat帽子（一般指有边的帽子）cap帽子dress女服；（统指）衣服（尤指外衣）coat外套；上衣jacket上衣overcoat大衣pocket（衣）口袋sleeve衣袖；袖套tie领带shirt（男式）衬衫trousers（pl．）长裤skirt女裙train拖裙（长袍拖曳在地上的部分）stocking长统袜rag抹布；破布shoe鞋boot长统靴handkerchief手帕；手绢necklace项链；项目jewel宝石ring环；圈；戒指size尺寸；大小design图案；花样colour颜色量词quantity量；数量plenty充足；大量plenty of充足的；相当多的deal量；数额a great/good deal（of）大量（的）number数；数字；数量a number of许多；若干dozen一打（十二个）dozens of几十；许多score二十（单复同）scores of许多sort种类；类别sort of一种all sorts of各种各样的kind种类a kind of一种；某种all kinds of各种各样的part部分a part of一部分type类型；样式type of一种式样piece张（片、块……）；（文艺作品）首；篇a piece of（bread/cake/music）一片（面包）/一块（蛋糕）/一首（曲子）sheet纸张；薄片a sheet of（paper）一张（纸）pair一对儿；一双a pair of（shoes）一双（鞋）block大块（石头、木头等）a block of（wood）一大块木头group组；群；团体a group of一组/群drop滴；点滴a drop of（water）一滴（水）pile堆a pile of（rubbish）一堆（垃圾）percent百分之……length长；长度inch英寸foot（pl．feet）英尺mile英里metre/meter米kilometre/kilometer千米weight重量pound磅ton（重量单位）吨moner钱；货币pound镑指示代词this这；这个that那；那个these这些those那些基数词zero零one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五six teen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十twenty-one二十一thirty三十forty四十fifty五十six ty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十hundred一百thousand千million百万dozen十二个；一打score二十序数词first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五six th第六seventh第七eighth第八ninth第九tenth第十eleventh第十一twelfth第十二thirteenth第十三fourteenth第十四fifteenth第十五six teenth第十六seventeenth第十七eighteenth第十八nineteenth第十九twentieth第二十twenty-first第二十一thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十six tieth第六十seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十hundredth第一百Adjectives（形容词）able有能力的；能干的absent缺席的；缺少的active积极的actual实际的；现实的advanced先进的；高级的afraid（用作表语）怕；害怕alone（用作表语）单独的angry发怒的；生气的another再一（个，……）；又（个，……）anx ious渴忚的；忧虑的；焦急的any什么；一些；任何的asleep（用作表语）睡着的；熟睡的awake（用作表语）醒着的back后面的bad坏的；（食物等）腐败的beautiful美丽的；优美的best最好的better更好的big大的black黑色的blind瞎的blue蓝色的born天生的brave勇敢的bright明亮的；耀眼的；聪明的；伶俐的broad宽的；广阔的blown褐色的；棕色的busy忙的；繁忙的calm平静的；沉着的careful小心的；仔细的careless粗心；漫不经心的centigrade百分度的；摄氏温度计的certain某种；一定的cheap廉价的；便宜的chemical化学的clear清楚的；清晰的clever机灵的；聪明的cloudy多云的；阴天的cold冷的；寒冷的colourful颜色丰富的；艳丽的comfortable舒适的；安逸的common普通的；一般的complete完全的；彻底的connected连结的；有联系的constant继续不断的；忠实的cool凉快的correct正确的；恰当的cruel残忍的；残酷的daily每日的；日常的dangerous危险的dark黑暗的dead死的deaf聋的dear亲爱的；昂贵的；高价的deep深的；深切的；深厚的different不同的；差异的difficult难的；困难的direct笔直的；直接的；正面的dirty脏的disappointed失忚的discouraged泄气的；失去信心的distant远的；稀疏的double两倍的；双的dry干的；干燥的dying垂死的；临终的eager渴忚的；热切的easy容易的elder年长的electric电的；用电的empty空的enough足够的；充分的entire整个的；完全的；全部的every每一；每个的everyday每日的；日常的ex act精确的；正确的；严格的ex cellent极好的；优秀的ex cited兴奋的；激昂的ex citing令人兴奋的；使人激动的ex pensive昂贵的ex tra额外的；特别的fair（头发）浅色的；金黄色的famous著名的fat远的far肥胖的fearless不怕的；无畏的few少数的；最终的final最后的；美好的fine好的；美好的firm牢固的；稳固的；坚决的flat平的；扁平的；平伸的fond喜爱的；爱好的foolish愚蠢的；傻的；笨的foreign外国的fortunate幸运的free空闲的；自由的freezing极冷的；冻结的frequently时常发生的；频繁的fresh无经验的；不熟练的friendly友好的full满的funny滑稽可笑的；古怪的gentle柔和的；轻柔的glad高兴的；乐意的good好的grand庄严的；伟大的great伟大的；重大的；（口语）美妙的green绿色的grey/gray灰色的；灰白色的handsome（一般指男子）漂亮的；清秀的happy高兴的；幸福的harmful有害的harmless无害的healthy健康的；健壮的heavy重的helpful有帮助的；有益的honest诚实的；正直的hopeless没有希忚的；绝忚的hot热的huge巨大的hungry饥饿的ill病的important重要的impossible不可能的inspiring鼓舞人心的interested感兴趣的；关心的interesting有趣的；引起兴趣的international国际的；世界的invisible看不见的kind和蔼的；友爱的lame跛的；瘸的large大的；巨大的last最后的；刚刚过去的late迟的；晚的lazy懒惰的lean瘦的least最小的；最少的left左；左边的less（little的比较级）更少的；较少的light轻的；明亮的；淡色的little小的lively生动的；活泼的；有生气的living活的；活着的lonely孤独的；荒凉的long长的low低的；浅的；矮的lower低级的；在下边的lucky幸运的；侥幸的mad发疯的；疯狂的main主要的man-made人造的；人工的many许多的；多的medical医学的；医疗的merry欢乐的；愉快的middle中间的；中等的mistaken弄错的；错误的modern现代化的modest谦虚的；谨慎的moral道德（上）的；道义的；精神上的more（much或many的比较级）更多的；较多的much许多；多；大量的narrow狭窄的national国家的；民族的native本国的；本土的natural自然界的；天然的；生来的nearby附近的neat整洁的；整齐的；灵巧的necessary必需的；必要的nervous神经质的new新的nex t下一个；紧接（后面）的；其次nice好的；好看的normal正常的；正规的；标准的northern北方的；北部的old旧的；年老的；……岁的opposite对面的；相对的；相反的ordinary普通的other别的；其他的outer外部的own自己的pale苍白的；灰白的；淡的perfect极好的；完美的physical物理的pleasant令人愉快的；舒适的pleased高兴的poisonous有毒的；有害的polite有礼貌的political政治的poor可怜的；贫穷的；不好的popular大众的；流行的；受欢迎的possible可能的powerful有力的；强大的practical实际的；应用的pretty漂亮的；美丽的proper适当的；本来的；正确的proud骄傲的；自豪的public公共的；公众的pure纯的quick快的；迅速的quiet安静的；平静的rapid快的；迅速的ready准备好的；有准备的real真的reasonable有道理的；合情合理的recent新近的；近来的red红色的revolutionary革命的rich有钱的；富裕的；丰富的right对的；正确的；右边的round圆的；圆形的rude无礼的；粗鲁的sad难过的；悲哀的safe安全的；平安的salty有盐味的；有海洋味的same同一的scientific科学的；合乎科学的serious严重的；严肃的several几；若干shabby破旧的；蹩脚的shallow浅的；肤浅的sharp锋利的；尖的short短的；矮的shy害羞的sick患病的；恶心的silent沉默的silly傻的；糊涂的simple单纯的；简易的；朴素的single单一的；单个的slight轻微的；微小的；少量的slow慢的small小的smooth光滑的；平静的socialist社会主义的soft软的；柔和的some一些sorry难过的；对不起的southern南方的；南部的spare空闲的；多余的special特别的；特殊的；专门的splendid灿烂的；辉煌的；（口语）极好的strange奇怪的；陌生的strict严格的strong强壮的；坚强的；坚固的；强有力的stupid愚蠢的；笨的sudden突然的；忽然的；意想不到的sunny晴朗的；阳光充足的sure确信的；有把握的sweet甜的tall高的technical技术的；技能的；工艺的terrible可怕的；感到极不舒服的thankful感激的；感谢的thick厚的；浓的thin瘦的；薄的thirsty口渴的thorough彻底的；非常精确的；（对细节）不厌其烦的tight不松动的；牢固的tiny极小的；微小的tired疲劳的；累的tiresome使人疲劳的；讨厌的；令人厌倦的total总的；全体的tough强硬的；粗暴的；结实的；困难的troublesome令人烦恼的；讨厌的；管不住的true真实的；真的ugly丑陋的；难看的unfair不公平的unfit不合适的；不胜任的united统一的；联合的unknown不为人所知的；不出名的upper上面的；较高的；上级的useful有用的；有益的usual通常的；平常的valuable值钱的；有价值的；有用的various各种各样的；多方面的warm暖和的warm-hearted热情的；亲切的weak弱的；差的well-known出名的；众所周知的western西的；西方的wet湿的white白色的whole整个的wide宽阔的；广泛的wild野生的；野的willing愿意的；乐意的windy有风的；风大的wise聪明的；英明的；有见识的wonderful极好的；精彩的wooden木（制）的worried焦虑的；烦恼的；担忧的worse（bad的比较级）更坏的；更差的worst（bad的最高级）最坏的；最恶劣的worth值得……的；有……的价值的worthy有价值的；配得上的；相称的wounded受伤的wrong错误的；有毛病的yellow黄颜色的young年轻的Verbs（动词）accept vt．￡vi．承认；接受ache vi．痛；疼痛achieve vt．完成；获得（胜利等）vi．取得预期效果act vi．行动；做；做事vt．扮演（角色）add vt．加；增加vt．又说；补充说admire vt．钦佩；羡慕；赞美agree vt．￡vi．同意；赞成allow vt．准许（做某事）；允许；听任am（was，been）vi．是announce vt．宣告；宣布；发表answer vt．回答appear vi．出现；显得；好像are（were，been）vi．是arrive vi．到达；抵达某地ask vt．￡vi．问；请astonish vt．使惊讶attend vt．出席；参加awake（awoke，awoken）vt．唤醒；使醒vi．醒be vi．是；成为beat（beat，beaten）vi．（心脏等）跳动vt．￡vi．敲打become（became，become）vi．变得；成为beg（begging）vt．￡vi．请求；乞求begin（began，begun）（beginning）vi．￡vt．开始believe vt．￡vi．相信；认为belong vi．属；附属bend（bent，bent）vt．使弯曲vi．弯曲；屈身blow（blew，blown）vt．￡vi．吹vi．￡vt．爆炸；爆裂boil vi．￡vt．；（使水或其他液体）沸腾；（水）开borrow vt．借bow/bau/ vi．￡vt．鞠躬；屈服break （broke，broken）vt．打破breathe vi．￡vt．呼吸bring（brought，brought）vt．带来broadcast（broadcast，broadcast）vt．￡vi．（用无线电或电视）广播；播送brush vt．刷；擦；掸；拂vi．擦过build（built，built）vt．￡vi．建设；建立；建造burn（burnt，burnt或bruned，burned）vi．￡vt．燃烧burst（burst，burst）vi．破裂；爆炸；突然发作vt．（使）破裂；冲破；突破bury vt．埋葬buy（bought，bought）vt．买call vt．喊叫；称呼；打电话给can（could）v．aux．能care vi．￡vt．关心；留心；照顾carry vt．运送；手提；肩挑cast（cast，cast）vt．￡ vi．投掷catch（caught，caught）vt．捉；抓住vi．接住；抓住celebrate vt．庆祝；歌颂change vt．￡ vi．改换；改变vt．兑换cheat vt．骗；骗取check vt．检查；核对cheer vt．￡vi．欢呼；高呼choke vi．￡vt．哽；噎；阻塞choose（chose，chosen） vi．￡vt．选择circle vi．环绕；盘旋clean vt．擦干净；把……弄干净climb vt．￡vi．爬；攀登close vt．关collect vt．收集；搜集 vi．聚集come（came，come）vi．来comfort vt．安慰；使舒适command vt．￡vi．指挥；命令conclude vt．￡vi．推断出；断定connect vt．￡vi．连接；相通；衔接consider vt．考虑；把……看作；认为continue vi．￡vt．继续；连续control vt．控制；支配cook vi．烹调；煮；烧copy vt．抄写；誊写cost（cost，cost） vi．值（多少钱）cough vi．咳嗽count vt．￡vi．点；数；计数cover vt．盖；铺cross vt．越过；穿过cry vi．哭；叫喊dance vi．跳舞dare v．aux敢；敢于deal（dealt，dealt）vt．分配；分派vi．处理；应付decide vi．￡vt．下决心；决定defeat vt．击败；（使）挫折defend vt．保卫delay vt．￡vi．延迟；耽搁；延误demand vt．要求；需要；查问depend vi．依靠；依赖；信赖；依……而定；取决于destroy vt．破坏；毁坏develop vt．￡ vi．发展；开发devote vt．专心；献身die vi．死dig（dug，dug）vt．￡vi．挖；掘disappear vi．消失；消散discover vt．发现；看出；暴露；显示vi．有所发现discuss vt．讨论dive vi．跳水；潜水；俯冲divide vt．￡vi．分；分开；分裂do（did，done）vt．做 v．aux．（构成疑问句及否定句用的助动词，无词义）drag（dragging）vt．￡vi．拉；拖draw（drew，drawn）vt．￡vi．画；绘制；拉；牵；引出drink（drank，drunk）vt．￡vi．喝drive（drove，driven）vt．￡vi．驱赶；驾驶（马车、汽车等）drop（dropping）vt．使滴下；使落下vi．滴下；落下dry vt．使干 vi．变干eat（ate，eaten）vt．吃elect vt．选举；推选encourage vt．鼓励enjoy vt．喜欢；享受……的乐趣enter vt．进入；参加；使加入envy vt．羡慕；忌妒equip （equipping）vi．装备；配备ex amine vt．检查；诊察ex cite vt．使兴奋；使激动；引起ex cuse /iks'kju:z/ vt．原谅ex ist vi．存在；生存ex pect vt．期忚；预期；（口语）以为；料想ex plain vt．￡vi．解释；说明ex press vt．表示；表达fail vi失败；不及格fall（fell，fallen）vi．落下；跌倒fear vi．￡vt．害怕；恐惧feed（fed，fed）vt．喂（养）；饲（养）feel（felt，felt）vi．感觉vt．摸；感知fight（fought，fought）vi．￡vt．打仗/架；与……打仗/架fill vt．装满；填充find（found，found）vt．￡vi．找到；发现finish vt．完成；结束fire vt．开火；射击；（口语）解雇fit（fitting）vt．￡vi．适合；合身；使（适合）；（使）符合；（使）配合；安装fix vt．修理；安装flee（fled，fled）vi．逃走；消散vt．避开；逃避float vi．￡vt．（使）漂浮；飘动flow vi．流；流动fly（flew，flown）vi．飞；飞行vt．放（风筝、飞机模型等）follow vt．跟随；（表示时间、次序等）接着vt．遵循；听从fool vi．￡ vt．愚弄；欺骗forbid（forbade或forbad，forbidden）vt．禁止；不许force vt．强迫；迫使forget（forgot，forgotten）vi．￡ vt．忘记form vt．组成；建立；形成found vt．成立；建立freeze（froze，frozen）vi．结冰；凝固frighten vt．吓唬gain vt．￡vi．获得；赢得；赚gather vt．聚集；采集；收（庄稼等）get（got，got）vt．得到；获得give（gave，given）vt．给glare vi．闪耀；瞪眼go（went，gone）vi．去grasp vt．抓住；领会；（对知识等的）掌握；了解grow（grew，grown）vi．生长；渐渐变得vt．种植vi．guess vi．猜hand vt．传递；交给hang（hung，hung）vi．￡vt．吊着；悬挂（hanged，hanged）vt．绞死；吊死happen vi．（偶然）发生；碰巧harm vt．伤害；损害；危害hatch vt．￡vi．孵出；孵（卵）hate vt．憎恨；不愿；不喜欢have（had，had）vt．有hear（heard，heard）vt．￡vi．听见；听help vt．帮助；帮忙hide（hid，hidden）vi．￡vt．藏hire vt．雇用；租用hit（hit，hit）（hitting）vt．打；击中；撞hold（held，held）vt．抓住；抑制；怀有；持有（见解等）hope vt．希忚hunt vt．追猎；猎取；追赶；搜索 vi．打猎；搜寻；搜索hurry vi．赶紧；匆忙hurt（hurt，hurt）vt．伤害imagine vt．想象；设想vi．想象起来impress vt．印；留下极深的印象；使……感动improve vt．改善；提高vi．改善；增加include vt．包括increase vi．￡vt．增加；增长insist vt．￡vi．坚持；坚决主张inspect vt．￡vi．检查；视察；检阅inspire vt．鼓舞；激励interest vt．使发生兴趣interrupt vt．打断（讲话或讲话的人）；打扰introduce vt．介绍invent vt．发明；创造invite vt．邀请；招待is（was，been）vi．是join vt．加入 vt．￡vi．连接；联合jump vi．跳keep（kept，kept）vt．保存；保持；留住kick vt．￡vi．踢kill vt．￡ vi．杀死；弄死kiss vt．吻vi．接吻knock vi．敲；击；打；相撞；碰撞know（knew，known）vt．知道；懂得；认识land vt．￡vi．（使）登陆；（使）上岸；（使）降落laugh vi．笑；发笑lay（laid，laid）vt．￡vi．放；搁；下（蛋）；产（卵）lead（led，led）vt．领导learn（learnt，learnt或learned，learned）vt．学；学会leave（left，left）vt．离开；剩下；留下vi．离去；出发lend（lent，lent）vt．把……借给let（let，let）vt．让liberate vt．解放lie（lay，lain）（lying）vi．平躺，（物件）在某处存在；位于lift vt．￡vi．举起；抬起light（lit，lit或lighted，lighted）vt．点燃；照亮vi．点着like vt．喜欢limit vt．限制；限定listen vi．听live vi．居住lock vt．锁；锁上vi．锁得上。

新视野大学英语第四册V ocabulary及翻译1.Hundreds of workers sat idle on the factory floor waiting for the assembly line(流水线) to start again.数百名工人被闲置在工厂地板上等待流水线重新开始。

2.To some of our problems there was more than one answer, so we were looking at the students’ reasoningas to how they got it and if they could justify the answer they had.对我们的一些问题有一个以上的答案,所以我们看学生推理他们如何得到它,如果他们能证明他们的答案。

3.Consumers expect to find the brand(品牌) available at a(n) discount and are unpleasantly surprised tofind a higher price.消费者期望发现品牌(品牌)可以在一个(n)的折扣和非常惊讶地发现一个更高的价格。

4.The European Union is made up of 27 nations with distinct (独特的)cultural, linguistic(语言学的) andeconomic roots(根源,根本).欧盟的27个国家组成的具有明显的的文化、语言和经济根源。

5.Police found minute traces of blood on the car seats.警方发现了微量的血在汽车座椅。

6.Despite his promise to eliminate(消除) cronyism(任人唯亲的), he was openly accused of givinggovernment positions to friends and relatives.尽管他承诺消除任人唯亲他被指控向公开政府的职务的朋友和亲戚。