测量螺纹用米制系列量针 编制说明

螺纹环规的使用方法
螺纹环规是一种常见的工具，它主要用于测量外螺纹直径和牙形尺寸，一般有两种尺寸形式：米制和英制。

这里，我们来讲讲螺纹环规的使用方法：
1、打开螺纹环规：将它的两个部件，即环臂和规针，拆开。

2、找到对应尺寸：根据你需要测量的外螺纹直径和牙形尺寸，在螺纹环规上找到相应的尺寸，将它们分开。

3、测量螺纹环：将你所要测量的螺纹环放入螺纹环规中，然后将规针调到螺纹环上，然后拧紧，并把螺纹环规旋转，螺纹环就会被拧到和螺纹环规尺寸相适应的位置。

4、测量牙形尺寸：将螺纹环规的环放在外螺纹的棱上，然后把规针调到外螺纹的棱上，确认你要测量的牙形尺寸就可以了。

螺纹环规使用起来非常方便，它可以帮助你准确测量各种外螺纹直径和牙形尺寸，它是日常维修及工厂测量中必备的工具之一。

．三针测量法用量针测量螺纹中径的方法称三针量法，测量时，在螺纹凹槽内放置具有同样直径D 的三根量针，如图(e)示，然后用适当的量具(如千分尺等)来测量尺寸M 的大小，以验证所加工的螺纹中径是否正确。

螺纹中径的计算公式：d 2=M －D)2sin 11(α++21t*ctg 2α M ：千分尺测量的数值(mm)、D ：量针直径(mm)、α/2：牙形半角、t ：工件螺距或蜗杆周节(mm)量针直径D 的计算公式： D=212cos αt如果已知螺纹牙形角，也可用下面简化公式计算：图(e)例2对M24﹡1.5D 及螺纹中径d 2 ？ 解 ∵ α = 60°代入D=0.577t 中 得D=0.577﹡1.5＝0.8655mm∴ d 2=24.325－0.8655(1+1/0.5)+1.5﹡1.732/0.5=23.0275mm与理论值(d 2=23.026)相差△=23.0275－23.026＝0.0015mm ，可见其差值非常的小。

实际上螺纹的中径尺寸，一般都可以从螺纹标准中查得或从零件图上直接注明，因此只要将上面计算螺纹中径的公式移项，变换一下，便可得出计算千分尺应测得的读数公式：M=d 2+D )2sin 11(α+－21t*ctg 2α例32的读数值？解 ∵ α = 60°代入上式 M = d 2+3D －0.866t = 23.026＋3﹡0.866－0.866﹡1.5＝24.325mm5．双针测量法双针测量法的用途比三针测量法还要广泛，如螺纹圈数很少的螺纹，以及螺距大的螺纹(螺距大于6.5)，都不便用三针量法测量，而用双针量法测量则简便可行，对于普通螺纹，牙形角α =60°，如图(f)示。

图(f)d 2=M ˊ－3D －)(8'2D M t -+0.866t M ˊ：双针量法的测量尺寸(mm)(d 2、D 、t 的含义同前，在图(f)上不再标注)从上公式中可看出，在公式右端第一项与第三项中都含有M ˊ值，而M ˊ值需要在测量之前就计算出来，直接应用上述公式是不便计算理论M ˊ值，需对上式化简才能求出，以便在加工时准确控制M ˊ尺寸，保证螺纹中径d 2合格。

《测量螺纹用米制系列量针》编制说明（征求意见稿）一、工作简况1、任务来源本项目根据国家标准化管理委员会2019年第二批推荐性国家标准计划（国标委发【2019】22号），计划项目编号为：20191945-T-604，项目名称“测量螺纹用米制系列量针”进行制定，主要起草单位：成都成量工具集团有限公司、浙江省计量科学研究院、成都工具研究所有限公司和哈尔滨量具刃具集团有限责任公司等，计划完成时间2020年(项目周期(月)：18)。

2、主要工作过程起草阶段：2019年8月16日，成都成量工具集团有限公司按照全国量具量仪标准化技术委员会量标委[2019] 19号“关于组建《测量螺纹用米制系列量针》国家标准起草工作组的函”的要求，成立了以邓毅为组长，茅振华、赵永海、陆进宇、何宜鲜、张海波、武沛刚等为组员的标准起草工作组。

工作组于2019年8月16日开始进行国内生产企业的调研和收集资料，同时，对国外生产企业的产品资料也进行了收集。

并对GB/T 14791 、GB/T 17163、GB/T 17164 、GB/T 19765、ISO 16239︰2013等国内外标准资料进行了认真阅读、分析；在此基础上，以国内现有几家大型生产厂家的企业产品标准为基础，起草了本标准的草案稿。

2019年8月25-9月20日，完成《测量螺纹用米制系列量针》草案初稿，与标准起草工作组成员就《测量螺纹用米制系列量针》（草案初稿）进行讨论，修改《测量螺纹用米制系列量针》标准草案初稿，形成标草案稿。

于2019年10月28日完成了《测量螺纹用米制系列量针》标准(征求意见稿) 和标准编制说明(征求意见稿)，经组长审核后报至全国量具量仪标委会秘书处。

征求意见阶段：2019年11月13日，秘书处将标准(征求意见稿) 和标准编制说明通过网络发送给标委会委员和有关专家进行征求意见。

审查阶段：报批阶段：3、主要参加起草单位和工作组成员及其所做的工作等本标准由成都成量工具集团有限公司、浙江省计量科学研究院、苏州国量量具科技有限公司、河南省计量科学研究院、成都工具研究所有限公司、黑龙江省计量检定测试研究院和深圳市计量质量检测研究院等单位共同起草。

量针（三针），用于检测螺纹中径的产品。

规格从0.118毫米（MM）-6.585毫米（MM）。

所谓的三针测量法就是对螺纹中径进行简易测量。

只需要三根量针和杠杆千分尺以及必要的夹持螺纹的支架即可，然后把原始测量数据进行处理就能求出螺纹中径了。

三针测量法是一种间接简易测量中径的方法。

测量时将直径相同的三根量针放在被测螺纹的沟槽里，其中两根放在同侧相邻的沟槽里，另一根放在对面与之相对应的中间沟槽内。

用杠杆千分尺，测出量针外廓最大距离M值，然后通过公式计算，求出被测螺纹的中径。

三针规格有0.118MM（螺距0.2MM用）、0.142MM（螺距0.25MM用）、0.17MM （螺距0.3MM用）、0.185MM（螺距0.3175MM及美制每英寸80牙用）、0.201MM （螺距0.35MM及美制每英寸72牙用）、0.232MM（螺距0.4MM及美制每英寸64牙用）、0.25MM（螺距0.43MM及每英寸58牙用）、0.26MM（螺距0.45MM及美制每英寸56牙用）、0.291MM（螺距0.5MM及美制每英寸48牙用）、0.343MM （螺距0.635MM及美/英制每英寸40牙用)、0.402MM（螺距0.7MM及美制每英寸36牙用）、0.433M（螺距0.75MM及英制BSF32牙用）、0.461MM（螺距0.8MM 及美制32牙用）、0.511MM（螺距0.9MM及美制28牙用）、0.572MM（螺距1.0MM 及美制/英制每英寸24牙用）、0.724MM（螺距1.25MM及美制/英制每英寸20牙用）、0.796MM（30°梯形螺纹螺距1.5MM、29°梯形爱克母（ACMC）螺纹每英寸16牙、美制/英制螺纹每英寸18牙用）0.866MM（螺距1.5MM及美制/英制每英寸16牙用）、1.008MM（螺距1.75MM及英制每英寸14牙用）、1.047MM（螺距1.814MM及美制每英寸14牙用）、1.157MM（螺距2.0MM、美制美英寸13牙、英制美英寸12牙用）、1.302MM（美制/英制每英寸11牙用）1.441MM（螺距2.5MM、美制/英制每英寸10牙用）-----------等，较大的规格用于螺距大及各种梯形、锯齿螺纹、管牙螺纹等，在此不一一列出，如有需求请来电咨询。

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普通螺纹量规计算及制造尺寸-------摘自螺纹量规手册螺纹量规是用对内外螺纹制件进行综合测量的工具。

它能控制螺纹制件的极限尺寸，方法简单效率很高，又能可靠地保证互换，所以在生产实践中被广泛采用。

一、螺纹量规的名称、代号、用途及使用规则1.工作量规：在制造内、外螺纹制件的过程中，检验螺纹尺寸正确性所用的量规，包括：通端工作塞规、环规、止端工作塞规、环规。

2.验收量规：用户代表或工厂检查部门检验螺纹制件尺寸、正确性所用的量规，包括：通端验收塞规、通端验收环规。

3.校对量规：用来检验或调整环规尺寸的正确性所用的量规，包括：“校通-通“塞规；”校通-止“塞规；”校通–损“塞规；”验通-通“塞规；”校止-通“塞规；”校止-止“塞规；“校止-损”塞规。

各种螺纹量规的名称、代号、用途、牙形及使用规则见表1、表2表1表2省略二、螺纹量规的公差在国家标准“普通螺纹”（GB192~197-63）中只规定了中径公差值。

这个公差值包括了下列三项：中径本身公差、螺距偏差和牙形半角偏差的补偿值。

后两项的补偿值是以减小外螺纹中径或增大内螺纹中径的方法得出的，而在螺纹量规的制造中，按“普通螺纹量规公差”（JB785-70）则分别规定出量规的中径、螺距和牙形半角的公差及偏差。

1．中径的公差和偏差各种螺纹量规中径公差带的零线是这样制定的：量规中径公差带的零线就是被它们所控制的螺纹制件的中径极限尺寸。

即：通端工作塞规的中径偏差由内螺纹中径的最小极限尺寸来计算。

止端工作塞规的中径偏差内螺纹中径的最大极限尺寸来计算。

通端工作环规及其校对量规的中径偏差由外螺纹中径的最大极限尺寸来计算。

止端工作环规及其校对量规的中径偏差由外螺纹中径的最小极限尺寸来计算。

精度不同的工作量规或校对量规，其制造公差值是完全相同的，只是它们公差带的位置不同，比较1级精度的量规和2~3级精度的量规，可以发现2~3级精度的通端量规公差带比1级精度的通端量规公差带向螺纹制件公差带内部位移，由对称分布变为不对称分布。