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万物皆有时,时来不可失;time when time cometh,lest time steal away.时来必须要趁时,不然时去无声息;an opportunity is neglected,it never comes back to you.机不可失,时不再来；机会一过,永不再来;hay while the sun shines.晒草要趁太阳好;while the iron is hot.趁热打铁;today,for you know not how much you may be hindered tomrrow.今朝有事今朝做,明朝可能阻碍多;is the soul of business.守时为立业之要素;is the thief of time.因循拖延是时间的大敌；拖延就是浪费时间;tide hath ist ebb.潮涨必有潮落时;is power.知识就是力量;is more to be envied than riches.知识可羡,胜于财富;is better than gold or silver.知识胜过金银,in the mind is better than money in the hand.胸中有知识,胜于手中有钱;is a good purchase though we pay dear for it.为了求知识,代价虽高也值得;you want knowledge,you must toil for it.若要求知识,须从勤苦得;little knowledge is a dangerous thing.浅学误人;handful of common sense is worth a bushel of learning.少量的常识,当得大量的学问;advances by steps and not by leaps.知识只能循序渐进,不能跃进;wisdom by the follies of others.从旁人的愚行中学到聪明;is good to learn at anoth er man’s cost.前车可鉴;is to the mind what health is to the body.知识之于精神,一如健康之于肉体;is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师;is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.经验是知识之父,记忆是知识之母;comes by experience.熟练来自经验;makes perfect.熟能生巧;keeps a dear school,but fools learn in no other.经验学校学费高,愚人旁处学不到;48. Experience without learning is better than learning without experience.有经验而无学问,胜于有学问而无经验;once bought is worth twice taught.由经验而得的智慧,胜于学习而得的智慧；一次亲身的体会,胜过两次的教师教导;is believing.百闻不如一见;is the salt of life.事业是生命之盐;before pleasure.事业在先,享乐在后;makes a man as well as tries him.事业可以考验人,也可以造就人;neglected is business lost.忽视职业便是放弃职业;think yourself above business.勿自视过高；不要眼高手低；永远不要认为自己是大才小用;may be troublesome,but idleness is pernicious.事业虽扰人,懒惰害更大;that thinks his business below him will always be above his business.自命大才小用,往往眼高手低;business,but be not a slave to it.要做事,但不要做事务的奴隶;’s business is nobody’s business.众人的事就是无人过问的事;makes the workman.勤工出巧匠;master one than engage with ten.会十事,不如精一事;work ill done must be twice done.首次做不好,必须重新搞;who cannot do as they would,must do as they can.不能如愿而行,也须尽力而为;you would have a thing well done,do it yourself.想把事情来做好,就得亲自动手搞;that doth most at once doth least.什么都想一次做完,结果一件也做不完；贪多嚼不烂;as most men do and men will speak well of thee.照大多数人那样干,人们会把你称赞;may be done at any time will be done at no time.在任何时候都可做的事情,总是在任何时候都不做的事情;late than never.迟做总比不做好;is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的事,就值得做好;shortest answer is doing the thing.最简短的回答就是一个“干”字;is the proper fruit of knowledge.行动是知识之佳果;labours are pleasant.完成工作是一乐;is lost labour to sow where there is no soil.没有土壤,播种也是徒劳;is right to put everything in its proper use.凡事都应用得其所;that are done by due degrees are soon ended.按部就班,事情很快就做完;work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作,不玩耍,聪明小孩也变傻;bears witness who does well.工作能证明谁做的好;is not work that kills,but worry.工作不会伤身,伤身乃是忧虑;that will not work shall not eat.不工作者不得食;is business.公事公办;slowly,执行 promptly.慢慢酌量,快快行动;your shoulder to the wheel.努力工作;do things by halves.做事不要半途而废;for a penny,in for a pound.做事一开头,就要做到底；一不做,二不休; hands make quick work.人多干活快;hands make light work.众擎易举;bad workman quarrels with his tools.技术拙劣的工人抱怨自己的工具;is the mohter of success.勤奋是成功之母;is the root of all evil.懒惰乃万恶之源;and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋带来好运;is the mother of good fortune.勤勉是好运之母;is fortune’s right hand,and frugality her left.勤勉是幸运的右手,世俭是幸运的左手;is the key of beggary.懒惰出乞丐;root,no fruit.无根就无果;people folks have the most labour take the most pains.懒人做工作,越懒越费力;is the key of poverty.惰能致贫;turneth the edge of wit.懒散能磨去才智的锋芒;idle brain is the devil’s workshop.懒汉的头脑是魔鬼的工厂;secret of wealth lieth in the letters SAVE.节俭是致富的秘诀;100. An idle youth,a needy age.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲;All for one, one for all.人人为我,我为人人;——法Dumas pére大仲马Other men live to eat, while I eat to live.别人为食而生存,我为生存而食;—— Socrates 苏格拉底Easy come, easy go.易得者亦易失; —— Hazlitt赫斯特Love rules his kingdom without a sword.爱,统治了他的王国,不用一枝利剑;—— Herbert 赫伯特We soon believe what we desire.我们欲望中的东西,我们很快就信以为真;—— Chaucer乔叟The darkest hour is that before the dawn.黎明前的时分是最黑暗的;—— Fuller 富勒The longest day has an end.最难过的日子也有尽头;—— Howell 贺韦尔Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.生活而无目标,犹如航海之无指南针;—— J. Ruskin 鲁斯金A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.手中的一只鸟胜于林中的两只鸟;—— Heywood 希伍德One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏;—— Taverner 泰维纳A man may lead a horse to the water, but he cannot make it drink. 一个人可以把马带到河边,但他不能令它饮水; —— Heywood 希伍德One cannot eat one’s cake and have it.一个人不能把他的糕饼吃掉之后还留在手上; —— Davies 戴维斯Time is money.时间就是金钱;—— Benjamin Franklin富兰克林Time and tide wait for no man.时间不等人;—— Scott 斯科特There is no rose without a thorn.没有玫瑰花是不长刺的;—— Ray 雷Lookers-on see most of the game.旁观者清;—— Smedley 斯密莱Beggars cannot be choosers.行乞者不得有选择;—— Heywood 希伍德First catch your hare.首先必须捕获兔子,然后才能宰之;—— Thackeray 萨克雷Victory won’t come to me unless I go to it.胜利是不会向我走来的,我必须自己走向胜利;—— M. Moore 穆尔A great man is always willing to be little.伟大的人物总是愿意当小人物的;—— R. W. Emerson 爱默生Cowards die many times before their deaths.懦夫在未死之前,已身历多次死亡的恐怖了; —— Julius Caesar 凯撒Anything one man can imagine, other men can make real.但凡人能想象到的事物,必定有人能将它实现; —— Jules Verne 凡尔纳Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.早睡早起使人健康、富裕又聪明;—— Benjamin Franklin 富兰克林Life is just a series of trying to make up your mind.生活只是由一系列下决心的努力所构成;—— T. Fuller 富勒Goals determine what you are going to be.目标决定你将成为为什么样的人;—— Julius Erving欧文All human wisdom is summed up in two words - wait and hope.人类所有的智慧可以归结为两个词—等待和希望;——Alexandre Dumas Pére大仲马法国作家It is not enough to be industrious, so are the ants. What are you industrious for光勤劳是不够的,蚂蚁也是勤劳的;要看你为什么而勤劳;—— H. D. Thoreau梭罗You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success.人必须相信自己,这是成功的秘诀;—— Charles Chaplin卓别林· Failure is the mother of success. - Thomas Paine· 失败乃成功之母;· For man is man and master of his fate.· 人就是人,是自己命运的主人;· None is of freedom or of life deserving unless he daily conquers it anew. -Erasmus· 只有每天再度战胜生活并夺取自由的人,才配享受生活的自由;· Our dest iny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. So let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness. -- . Nixon· 命运给予我们的不是失望之酒,而是机会之杯;因此,让我们毫无畏惧,满心愉悦地把握命运 - 尼克松· There is no such thing as a great talent without great will - power. -- Balzac· 没有伟大的意志力,便没有雄才大略; -- 巴尔扎克· The good seaman is known in bad weather.· 惊涛骇浪,方显英雄本色;· Fear not that the life shall come to an end, but rather fear that it shall never have a beginning. . Newman· 不要害怕你的生活将要结束,应该担心你的生活永远不会真正开始; -- 纽曼· Gods d etermine what you're going to be. -- Julius Erving· 人生的奋斗目标决定你将成为怎样的人; -- 欧文· While there is life there is hope.· 一息若存,希望不灭; -- 英国谚语· Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value. -- A. Einstein· 不要为成功而努力,要为做一个有价值的人而努力; -- 爱因斯坦· Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably.· 不管追求什么目标,都应坚持不懈;· We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope. -- Mattin Luther King· 我们必须接受失望,因为它是有限的,但千万不可失去希望,因为它是无穷的; -- 马丁· 路德· 金· Energy and persistence conquer all things. -- Benjamin Franklin· 能量加毅力可以征服一切; -- 富兰克林· Nothing seek, nothing find.· 无所求则无所获;· Cease to struggle and you cease to live. -- Thomas Carlyle· 生命不止,奋斗不息; -- 卡莱尔· Strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat, and is born vanquished. -- Swetchine· 只有强者才懂得斗争；弱者甚至失败都不够资格,而是生来就是被征服的; -- 斯威特切尼· A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate. -- Thomas Addison· 强者能同命运的风暴抗争; -- 爱迪生· He who sei ze the right moment, is the right man. -- Goethe· 谁把握机遇,谁就心想事成; -- 歌德· Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.· 人往高处走,水往低处流;· Man errs as long as he strives. -- Goethe· 失误是进取的代价; -- 歌德· The failures and reverses which await men - and one after another sadden the brow of youth - add a dignity to the prospect of human life, which no Arcadian success would do. -- Henry David Thoreau· 尽管失败和挫折等待着人们,一次次地夺走青春的容颜,但却给人生的前景增添了一份尊严,这是任何顺利的成功都不能做到的; -- 梭罗· A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he begins to blame somebody else. -- J. Burroughs· 一个人可以失败很多次,但是只要他没有开始责怪旁人,他还不是一个失败者; -- 巴勒斯The first step is as good as half over.第一步是最关键的一步;You never know your luck.好坏不由己;Sow nothing, reap nothing.春不播,秋不收;The wealth of the mind is the only wealth.的是唯一的;You can't judge a tree by its bark.人不可貌相;Clothes do not make the man.人不在衣装;To be both a speaker of words and a doer of deeds.既当演说家,又做实干家;Variety is the spice of life.变化是生活的调味品;Bad times make a good man.艰难困苦出能人;There is no royal road to learning. 求知无坦途;Doubt is the key to knowledge.怀疑是知识的钥匙;Sharp tools make good work.工欲善其事,必先利其器;Wasting time is robbing oneself.浪费就是掠夺自己;Nurture passes nature.教养胜过天性;There is no garden without its weeds.没有不长杂草的花园;A man is only as good as what he loves.一个人要用他所爱的东西有多好来衡量;Wealth is the test of a man's character.是对一个人品格的试金石;The best hearts are always the bravest.心灵最高尚的人,也总是最勇敢的人;Courtesy is the inseparable companion of virtue.礼貌和美貌是分不开的伴侣;Plain living and high thinking.生活要朴素,情操要高尚;Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精,善益求善;Honesty is the best policy.诚实为上策;Gratitude is the sign of noble souls.感恩是高尚的标志;Politeness costs nothing and gains everything. 礼貌不用花一分钱,却能赢得一切;A man can't ride your back unless it is bent. 你的腰不弯,别人就不能骑在你的背上;Conceit is the quicksand of success.自负是的流沙;He that makes a good war makes a good peace. 正义的战争创造持久的和平;There is no disputing about tastes.人各有所好;It is easy to be wise after the event.事后诸葛亮容易当;He that makes a thing too fine, breaks it.做事过于苛求,反把事情弄坏;When all else is lost the future still remains. 就是失去了一切别的,也还有未来;The world is his who enjoys it.活着感到,世界就属于你;A little labor, much health.适量的劳动有益于;Laugh and grow fat.心宽体胖;Work won't kill but worry will.劳动无害,忧愁伤身;He is rich that has few wants.寡欲者富;Every man at forty is a fool or a physician.人到四十,如果不是傻子,就该知道保养身体;。
《黄冈竹楼记》重点基础知识整理学生版一、给下面加线的字注音大者如椽（）子声丁丁然（）被鹤氅（）衣刳去其节（）雉堞（）圮（）毁平挹()江濑 () 幽阒（）辽夐（）仅十稔（）嗣而葺之（）二、找出下列句中的通假字（1）公退之暇，被鹤氅衣，戴华阳巾：（2）蓁莽荒秽：三、积累下列古今异义词(1)比屋皆然比：古义：今义：比较，较量。
(2)不可具状古义：今义：形状，样子。
(3)公退之暇古义：今义：向后移动(跟“进”相对)。
(4)自翰林出滁上古义：今义：从里面到外面(跟“进、入”相对)。
(5)幸后之人与我同志 古义：今义：为共同的理想、事业而奋斗的人，特指同一个政党的成员；人们惯用的彼此之间的称呼。
四、指出下列虚词的意义(1)之⎩⎨⎧黄冈之地多竹： 竹工破之：岂惧竹楼之易朽乎：(2)以⎩⎨⎧以其价廉而工省也： 吾以至道乙未岁：(3)其⎩⎨⎧刳去其节：以其价廉而工省也：待其酒力醒：五、辨析下列加线词语的活用类型，写出其含义(1)名词的活用 ①夏宜急雨：②夏宜急雨，有瀑布声： ③冬宜密雪，有碎玉声： ④宜鼓琴，琴调虚畅： (2)形容词的活用①竹工破之：②远吞山光，平挹江濑：六、解释句中加线的实词竹工破之，刳去其节：比屋皆然，以其价廉而工省也：雉堞圮毁：因作小楼二间：远吞山光，平挹江濑:幽阒辽夐，不可具状：亦谪居之胜概也:竹之为瓦，仅十稔:后之人与我同志,嗣而葺之：七、积累一词多义比(1) 比屋皆然，以其价廉而工省也（）(2)其两膝相比者，各隐卷底衣褶中()(3)海内存知己，天涯若比邻()(4)君子周而不比，小人比而不周()(5) 比权量力，则不可同年而语矣()(6)每自比于管仲、乐毅()(7) 比至陈，车六七百乘()(8)愿举国为内臣，比诸侯之列()(9) 比及三年，可使有勇()(10) 比去，以手阖门()(11)食之，比门下之客()（12）行比一乡，德合一君()胜(1)亦谪居之胜概也（）(2)沛公不胜杯杓（）(3)杀人如不能举，刑人如恐不胜（）(4)胜地不常盛筵难再（）(5)胜之不武（）（6）何可胜道也哉（）第(1)云有第三郎，窈窕世无双（）(2)必躬造左公第( )(3)江山之外，第见风帆，沙鸟烟云，竹树而已()(4)藉第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七()(5)这次第，怎一个愁字了得()被(1)公退之暇，被鹤氅衣（）(2)信而见疑，忠而被谤（）(3)被发行吟泽畔（）(4)泽被后世（）(5)身被十余创，尤不为苦也（）庶(1)庶斯楼之不朽也（）(2)庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶（）(3)中兴机会，庶几在此（）(4)庶民（）(5)富庶（）八、重点句子翻译（1）远吞山光，平挹江濑，幽阒辽夐，不可具状。
