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选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity 单元要点预览（意在让同学整体理解本单元要点）语言要点（模块）Ⅰ.词语辨析(意在提供完形填空所需材料)Ⅱ.词性变化（意在提供语法填空所需材料）Ⅲ.重点词汇（意在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）majority n.大多数；大半major adj.&n.较大旳, 重要旳；主修, 专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)[典例]1).A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health. 大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
2).The majority was/were in favour of the proposal.多数人赞成这个提议。
[重点使用方法]be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 a majority over sb 超过对方旳票数2.applicant n.申请人application n.申请(书)；应用；用途apply v.申请；运用, 合用[典例]1).We had 250 applicants for the job.有250人申请这份工作。
2).As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job.由于工资低, 没有什麽人申请这份工作。
[重点使用方法]apply for... 申请……apply to... 合用……fill in the application form for sth.填写……申请表[练习] 根据句子旳规定在括号里填入合适旳词或翻译。
1).Successful _________ (apply) will receive notification within the week.2).This rule can’t be applied ________ (介词) every case.3).You should ________ ________(申请) the job immediately, in person or by letter.4).The question in the second half of the form _________ ________ (合用) married men only.Keys: 1).applicants 2).to 3).apply for 4).apply to3.occur vi.发生；出现；存在[典例]1).The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off.这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。
人教版高中英语选修八 Unit1 A land of diversity-词汇篇(教师版)1.删除了文章中明显有问题的段落。
2.对每段话进行了小幅度的改写，使其更加流畅和易懂。
第1讲 A land of diversity 词汇篇熟练掌握重点单词及其用法，能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。
一。
重点词汇1.n n。
差别；区分；卓著常用结构：make a n een：对……加以区分XXX：因……而获功勋without n：无差别地；一视同仁地拓展：distinct adj。
清晰的；明显的；明确的XXX。
在某方面与……不同XXX。
他有很明显的绘画天赋。
You should make your writing distinct。
你应该把字写清楚。
2.means n。
手段；方法（单数和复数形式相同）常用结构：by means of：用……办法；借助……by all means：一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no means：决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）by every means：用尽一切可能的办法易混辨析：means/way/methodmeans 指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）。
way 指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。
method 指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。
a way to do sth。
/ a way of doing sth。
/ a method of doing sth。
做……的方法in this way / with the method / by this means：用这种／些方法by XXX：顺便问一下on one’s way to。
在去……的路上in the way：挡住路注意：XXX。
They used white paint to mark out the XXX。
选修八一单元幻灯片21.diversity2.population3.distinction4.live on5.likely6.by means of7.majority8.attract9.achieve10.make a life11.elect12.percentage13.establish14.boom15.occur16.immigrate17/18.race/socialist19.cattle20.indicate21.back to back22/23.shave/explore24.apparently25.slip26.team up with27.hire28.mark out29.take in30.have a good idea31.a great many32.justice33.mourn34.civil35.authority36/37.reform/multi-38.grasp39.force40.rule41.nationality幻灯片31.diversity差异;不同点[U]多样性[S]=varietycultural/ethnic/linguistic diversity文化/种族/语言多样性a(great/wide)diversity of多种多样的,多样性It's natural that there is a diversity of opinions within the organization组织内部有多种观点是很自然的diverse不同的,多种多样的;多变化的be diverse from和…不一样1)There are diverse birds in the forest.森林中有各种小鸟2)The word is now used in a sense diverse from the original meaning.此字现在的用意与原来的不一样幻灯片4diversify vt.使多样性,使不同,使变化;vi.多样化diversify(away)from将离开…(产品/服务)多元化diversify into…进入…拓展(多样化经营)●We should diversify the syllabus(教学大纲）to attract more students.●2)Farmers were forced to diversify away from their core business农民们被迫远离自己主要的农作物而去耕作其他作物幻灯片52.population un/cn.人口1)表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数,表示部分人口时,即在the population前有百分数/分数以及小数,谓语动词用复数.2)形容人口的多少通常用large/small.3)对人口的多少进行疑问时,可用What’s/How large is the population of….?4)有多少人口have a population of….5)an increase/growth in population人口增长6)在表示多个地区的人口时,population要用复数形式populations7)population表示某地、某类的动、植物或物品的总数8)populate vt.居住于,生活于,落户于populated adj.人口稠密的幻灯片61)中国有13多亿人China has a population of over 1.3billion.2)世界上很多地区一度人口众多,种植大量的农作物;现在,这些地区已经变成了沙漠。
Book 8 : Unit 1 A Land of diversityWritingLearning aim：Students are able to write an article on introducing a place by imitating standard writing.【范文引领】阎良是我的家乡，她位于西安东部，拥有244平方公里，阎良人口不多，城市非常漂亮、整洁。
此外，阎良人非常友好，勤劳。
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 【学以致用】Task 3 书面表达（满分25）根据下面的描述，写一篇100词左右的文章，向来宾介绍关山中学。
1.位于阎良区东部，拥有70年历史；2.教育质量优良；教师敬业；学生学习刻苦3.现在拥有2019多名学生；4.学校环境优美，设施先进。
词汇：关山中学Guanshan Senior High School 设施facility_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 【自评、互评】根据（审题是否全面，有误词汇拼写及语法错误，行文是否连贯）写出你作文优缺点：【你的收获、困惑】。
高二英语人教版选修8知识点大全高二英语人教版选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity原文+翻译NIA加利福尼亚California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. 加州是美国第三大洲, 而且是人口最多的州。
It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. 加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。
它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. 这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。
This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。
NATIVE S美洲土著人E某actly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的, 谁也说不清楚。
However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在一15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。
选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity●重点单词1．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinction n．差别；区分；卓著2．means n．手段；方法3．majority n．大多数；大半→minority n．少数4．despite prep.尽管；不管5．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举6．percentage n．百分比；百分率7．boom n．(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期8．applicant n．申请人→apply v．申请→application n．申请9．customs n．海关；关税；进口税10．occur vi.发生；出现11．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．迹象→indicator n．指示器，指示物12．luggage n．行李13．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.明显地14．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n．滑动；滑倒15．hire vt. & n．租用，雇用16．nowhere adv.无处；到处都无17．punishment n．处罚；惩罚→punish v．惩罚；处罚18．justice n．正义；公平→injustice(反义词)●重点短语1．live on继续存在；继续生存2．by means of... 用……办法；借助……3．make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4．keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等) 5．back to back 背靠背6．team up with 与……合作或一起工作7．mark out画线；标出……界线8．take in包括；吸收9．a great/good many许多；很多10．apply for申请；请示得到●重点句型1．However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，美洲土著人很可能在15 000年前就在加州生活着。
t人教版高中英语选修八知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习Unit 1 A land of diversity 语言点学习目标重点词汇distinction,majority , elect, percentage, boom, occur ,indicate,apparently , slip, hire重点短语by means ofmak e a life, team up with, mark out, apply fortak e in,live on, a great many , k eep up重点句型There be + sb. + doing ...with 复合结构知识讲解重点词汇distinction【原句回放】It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA... 加州与 众不同之处在于他也是美国最具多元化文化特征的一个州......【点拨】distinction n. 区别, 差别；卓越常用搭配：mak e a distinction b e tw e en 把......与...... 区分开mak e no distinction 没有区别have a distinction of 有...... 与众不同之处with distinction 优异地，显著地Mr . Green has the distinction of having been the first president of the famous school. 格林先生不同凡响，他是这所著名学校的首任校长。
The law mak es no distinction be tw een men and women.这条法律没有男性和女性的区别。
【拓展 1】distinct adj . 清晰的，明显的，明确的distinguish v. 区分，辨别；把...... 区别分类，使杰出There was a distinct smell of gas when I opened the door .我打开门时有一种明显的煤气味。
Book 8 Unit 1 A Land of Diversity【重点词汇】1. distinction n .区别/差别卓越/卓著make a distinction /no distinction between A and B有区别/没有区别▲ The new law makes no distinction between adults and childrenEmployers should hire men and women without distinction 无差别地/一视同仁地/一律地He passed the exam with distinction 优异地/显著地▲distinct . adj 明显的/清楚的/有区别的be distinct from…in… =be different from…in…There was a distinct smell of gas That is a distinct advantage▲distinguish v. 区分/辨别distinguish A from/and B distinguish right from wrong▲distinguished adj尊贵的/卓越的/杰出的be distinguished for/as: be famous for/as2. live on 继续活着/继续存在live on sth以某物…为生/ 靠某物生活e.g. Lu Xun is dead but his writing lives on.She lived on for many years after her husband died.Small birds live mainly on insects.You can’t live on forty pounds a week.【拓展】feed on 以…为主食/靠吃…生活live with sb/sth接受或容忍某现象/和…生The brave girl is learning to live with her disabilitylive up to 实践（原则，誓言等）, 不辜负(他人的愿望),达到,符合live through 经历…而活过来3. means表示“方法，方式，手段”，其单复数同形, 其谓语动词得到单复数往往根据修饰means的形容词判断。
选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity核心单词1. distinctionn.差别；区分；卓著常用结构：make a distinction between 对……加以区分win a distinction for 因……而获功勋without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地联想拓展distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的be distinct in ...from ... 在某方面与……不同（as）distinct from ... 与……不同（的）He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。
You should make your writing distinct.你应该把字写清楚。
高手过招翻译句子（原创）①There is a distinct possibility that she’ll be your teacher next term.②Those two ideas are quite distinct from each other.答案：①她下学期当你们老师的可能性非常大。
②那两种观点截然不同。
2. meansn. 手段；方法（单数和复数形式相同）常用结构：by means of 用……办法；借助……by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）by every means 用尽一切可能的办法易混辨析means/way/methodmeans指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）。
way指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。
method指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。
a way to do sth.／a way of doing sth./a method of doing sth. 做……的方法in this way/with the method/by this means 用这种／些方法by the way 顺便问一下on one’ s way to ... 在去……的路上in the way 挡住路温馨提示means作主语且有every, each等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。
Radio and television are important means of communication.无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。
Please find an alternative means of transport.Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
All means have been tried. 所有方法都试过了。
She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。
高手过招(1)单项填空—May I have a look at your book?—. （2010·01·江苏南京检测）A. By this meansB. By all meansC. By this wayD. By any means（2）翻译句子（原创）①这绝非解决问题的良计。
②他借助一根绳子慢慢地下来了。
解析：(1) 选B。
by all means意为“一定；当然可以”，符合句意。
(2)①This is by no means a good way to solve the problem.②He let himself down slowly by means of a rope.3. majorityn. 大多数；大半A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
The majority was/were in favour of the proposal.多数人赞成这个建议。
常用结构：be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数a majority over sb. 超过对方的票数联想拓展major adj.&n. 较大的；主要的；主修，专攻minority adj.&n.少数；少数民族；未成年高手过招(1)单项填空Every means been tried and all well now.A. have; goB. has; goC. has; goesD. have; goes（2）完成句子（原创）English speakers form the (大多数) of the population.(3)用适当的介词填空①Among the members of the committee those who favour the changes are the majority.②They had a large majority the other party at the last election.(4)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空①The majority of people (prefer) peace to war.②The majority of the damage (be) easy to repair.解析：(1) 选B。
考查means作主语时谓语动词的形式。
means意为“方式，方法”，单复数形式相同，被every 修饰时谓语动词用单数形式；被all修饰时谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)Majority (3) ①in ②over4. occurvi.发生；存在；出现常用结构：occur to (主意或想法突然)浮现于脑中;被想起，被想到it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人想到做某事it occurs to sb. that ... 某人想到……Just then an idea occurred to me. 就在那时我想起了一个主意。
It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs.我突然想到我把伞忘在楼上了。
易混辨析happen/occur/take placehappen是一般用语，尤其指偶然发生，表示“碰巧、恰好”的意思。
occur 文言意味较浓,常指某特定事物的发生，也可以表示某种想法出现在人的头脑中。
take place 指事先计划或预料到的“发生”，此外还有“举行”的意思。
New things are happening all around us.新事物在我们周围不断发生。
The explosion occurred at 5:30 a.m.爆炸发生在早上5点30分。
When will the basketball game take place?篮球赛何时举行？高手过招单项填空It suddenly to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter.（2010·01·安徽合肥检测）Happened B. occurred C. thought D. took place解析：选B。
由空格后的to可知，选B。
occur to 一个想法突然呈现……。
5. indicatevt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite.我问他我姐姐在哪，他指了指对面的商店。
Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.研究显示男人比女人更容易戒烟。
常用结构：indicate sth. (to sb.)向（某人）表示某事；把……指给（某人）看indicate that ...表示……；示意……联想拓展indication n. 指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的高手过招完成句子（原创）①The government has (表明) that it intends to cut taxes.②A flashing red light (标示) that a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.③There is every (表明) of a change in the weather.答案：①indicated ② indicated ③indication重点短语继续存在；继续生存She lived on for many years after her husband died.丈夫死后她继续活了许多年。
联想拓展live on sth. 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth. 靠做某事为生live for sth. 以某事物为生活目标live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存live up to sth.依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁live a... life 过着……的生活高手过招用live的相关短语填空（原创）①The lonely old man charity.②Mozart was dead but his music .③My grandfather both world wars.④We should work hard and try to our parents’ expectations.⑤The brave girl is learning to her disability.答案：① lives on ② lives on ③ lived through④ live up to ⑤ live with7. team up with（与某人）一起工作（尤指为共同目标）；与……合作The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。
