天津市耀华中学2019—2020学年度第一学期期中形成性检测高一英语试卷及答案

天津市耀华中学2019-2020学年度第一学期期中形成性检测高一年级英语学科试卷请将I卷的选择题填涂到答题卡上；II卷的答案写在答题纸上I卷(满分70分)I.听力理解（共20小题，每小题0.5分，满分10分）第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Where are probably the two speakers?A.At home.B.At school.C.At a bookstore.2.Why does the woman need to borrow money?A.Because she has used up all her money.B.Because she has left her purse at home.C.Because she has lost her purse.3.How does the man usually travel around?A.By car.B.By bus.C.By subway.4.What country did the man travel to?A.China.B.Australia.C.America.5.What do the two speakers most probably go there for?A.Finding a job.B.Looking for someone.C.Doing some sightseeing.第二节听下面几段材料。

每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段材料读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.In which month did the man get married?A.June.B.July.C.January.7.What do we know about the woman?A.She hasn’t got married yet.B.She divorced not long ago.C.She enjoys her life very much now.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

2019-2020学年天津市第一中学高三英语期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATop Four Places to Visit in and aroundBaliUbudUbud is pretty away from the beaches. It is considered the cultural center of Bali, where you will discover the art and spirit ofBaliand learn about Balinese religion through paintings, dance, and other art forms. You could drink a beer while watching a local band perform, but most people come here for the cultural appreciation.Nusa LembonganThis tiny island off the coast of Bali is where many people miss their journey plans, but it is a must-see, It is the perfect place to stay for a couple of nights, The roads are not good, but the island itself is so beautiful and quiet.SanurSanur is an especially relaxing beach town. It's close to the airport and Kuta. It's also the starting place to explore Nusa Lembongan.KutaThebeachofKutais great for surfing. It is crowded and you won't get far without someone trying to get you to rent a surfboard or buy something. The main town is a mixture of market stands and shopping malls containing the biggest brands, from Zara to Ralph Lauren. The familiarity of the western style shops and restaurants won't give anyone too much of a culture shock.1. Which place are you probably advised to experience Balinese culture?A. Nusa Lembongan.B. Sanur.C. Ubud.D. Kuta.2. What is special about Kuta?A. It is a beach town near the airport.B. It has a convenient transportation means on it.C. It is a shopping center and famous for surfing.D. It is a place where you can learn Balinese history.3. Where is the text probably taken from?A. An official document.B. A travel magazine.C. A science report.D. A history book.BIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and math?It hasbeen suggested that girls do not take math courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine (女性的) and attractive (有魅力的).However, there are still more high-achieving boys than girls when taking math exams. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who gave answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of math and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and math and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many math and science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.4. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?A. To find differences between boys and girls.B. To explain the poor performance of girls.C. To ask readers a question.D. To introduce the topic.5. The text mainly discusses ________ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in scientific achievements.A. biologicalB. personalC. socialD. historical6. What does the text say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not offer answers to them.B. They started learning math at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in math.7. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boysCAt first glance, there is nothing unusual about BingoBox’s convenience store–shelves packed with snacks line the walls, attracting passers-by through the glass windows. But upon closer look, BingoBox is no ordinary store. The door unlocks only after customers scan (扫描) aQR code to enter, and there is no cashier — just a lone checkout counter (柜台) in a corner. The Shanghai-based company is one of many unmanned store operators (运营者) opening outlets all over China, hoping to improve slim profit by reducing staff costs.“Ifstaff costs rise quickly, that puts greater pressure on low-profit businesses like convenience stores and supermarkets,” said Andrew Song, an analyst at Guotai Junan Securities. “InChina, manpower costs have been rising ly quickly.”However, the future vision of shopping without a check-out person is still a work in progress. A Post reporter who visited a BingoBox store inShanghaiwas briefly locked in when trying to exit without buying anything. Although a sign near the exit stated that empty-handed customers can leave by scanning a QR code, no QR code was to be found. Repeated calls to the customer service hotline went unanswered.The idea of unmanned stores first caught the world’s attention in December last year. Equipped with technology such as RFID tags, mobile payment systems and facial and movement recognition, such stores collect large amounts of data that give operators a better idea of consumer preferences and buying habits, which can then be used to optimize (使最优化) operations and make more efficient inventory decisions. For companies like BingoBox, lower operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic or fewer people, according to its founder and chief executive ChenZilin.8. What makes BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?A. No cashier to check out.B. A lone checkout counter.C. Shelves packed with goods.D. Entering by scanning a QR code.9. Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?A. The customers prefer mobile payment systems.B. The unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.C. The employees focus on consumer preferences and buying habits.D. The operators care more about operations and inventory decisions.10. Why is the reporter’s case mentioned in the passage?A. To show his anger and dissatisfaction.B. To warn people not to go to a BingoBox store.C. To explain unmanned stores still have a long way to go.D. To complain that QR code service is not convenient at all..11. What can we infer from the chief executive Chen Zilin?A. Nowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced technology.B. The operators collect data about consumer preferences and buying habits.C. BingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in those unmanned stores.D. The operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more distant places with low cost.DAbout a billion birds die from flying into buildings each year inNorth America. Suspicions havebeen that birds may regard the open areas behind glass as safe passageways. Or they may mistake the reflected trees for the real thing.Researchers would like to reduce collisions, which requires a solid understanding about what makes a bird more or less likely to die by crashing into a building in the first place.“There was ly little known at a broad scale. Previous studies were at one small study site.'' Jared Elmore, a graduate student in natural resource ecology and management atOklahomaStateUniversity. So he and his colleagues used a previously created data set of building collisions for birds at 40 sites throughoutMexico,Canadaand theU.S.The first finding was obvious: bigger buildings with more glass kill more birds. But the details were more remarkable. "We found that life history predicted collisions. Migrants(候鸟), insect-eaters and woodland-inhabiting species collided more than their counterparts(同类).”Most migratory species travel at night, when lights near buildings can distract or disorient(使迷失方向)them. And Elmore thinks that insect-eating birds might be attracted to buildings because their insect prey(猎物)is attracted to the lights. He suspects that woodland species get tooled by the reflections of trees and bushes in the windows. The results are in the journal Conservation Biology.By understanding which birds are more likely to collide with buildings, researchers can perhaps determine the best way to adapt buildings, or their lighting, to help prevent such accidents. And by knowing risks, along with migration timing and behavior, building managers can better predict when birds are at their greatest danger - and improve lighting strategics accordingly.Elmore's next project will use radar to help predict bird migrations. " I think that would maybe go a long way in terms of providing information to people, to the public, to building managers, on when they can get the most benefit in terms of lights-out policies."12. What is the possible reason for birds' crashing into buildings?A. They didn't see the buildings.B. They took reflections for reality.C. They assumed the windows to be open.D. They considered buildings as safe routes.13. What is Jared Elmore's study different from the previous ones?A. It created a new data set.B. It went beyond national borders.C. It covered a wider range of sites.D. I’ll studied some specific bird species.14. What was the most noticeable finding of Jared Elmore's study?A. Migratory species travel at night.B. Birds tend to be misled by glasses.C. Bigger buildings cause more collisions.D. Birds living habits give rise to collisions.15. Which of the following can help reduce bird collision?A. Adjust the lightening system.B. Attach radars to each building.C. Adopt strict lights-out policies.D. Ban using glasses on buildings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2024-2025学年天津市英语高一上学期期中模拟试卷与参考答案一、听力第一节（本大题有5小题，每小题1.5分，共7.5分）1、Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to the question you hear.W: Hi, John. How was your weekend?M: Oh, it was quite eventful. I went hiking with a group of friends. It was a beautiful day, but the trail was really challenging.Q: What did the man do over the weekend?A) He went hiking.B) He had a relaxing day.C) He watched a movie at home.D) He visited his family.Answer: A) He went hiking.Explanation: The man mentions that he went hiking with a group of friends, which directly answers the question.2、Listen to the dialogue and complete the sentence with the missing word you hear.W: I really appreciate the effort you put into the project, Tom. Your presentation was excellent.M: Thank you, Sarah. It’s great to hear that you liked it. By the way, what did you think of the research we did?W: The data you collected was very interesting. It was well-organized and clearly presented.M: That’s good to hear. I’m glad we could work well together on this.Q: What did Sarah think of the research Tom did?A) It was boring.B) It was well-organized and clearly presented.C) It needed more data.D) It was not relevant to the project.Answer: B) It was well-organized and clearly presented.Explanation: Sarah explicitly states that the data Tom collected was interesting and well-organized, which is the answer to the question.3、Question: What time does the train leave for New York?A. 7:45 a.m.B. 8:15 a.m.C. 9:00 a.m.Answer: BExplanation: In the audio clip, the ticket agent clearly states, “The next train to New York departs at 8:15 a.m.” This directly answers the question, confirming that the train leaves at 8:15 a.m.4、Question: How does the man feel about the weather forecast?A. Excited.B. Disappointed.C. Uncertain.Answer: BExplanation: The man in the recording says, “I was really hoping for a sunny day, but it looks like it’s going to rain all weekend.That’s a bit of a letdown.” The use of “a bit of a letdown” suggests that he is disappointed with the weather forecast.5.W: I went to the bookstore last weekend and spent two hours browsing through the new arrivals.M: That sounds like a great way to spend your time. How many books did you end up buying?Q: How much time did the woman spend at the bookstore?A: 2 hoursB: 1 hourC: 3 hoursD: 4 hoursAnswer: AExplanation: The woman mentioned that she spent “two hours” at the bookstore, so the correct answer is A: 2 hours.二、听力第二节（本大题有15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分）1.Question: Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer to the question. Question: What time does the train leave for New York?A. 9:30 amB. 10:15 amC. 11:00 amAnswer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the woman asks the man about the departure time for the train to New York, and the man replies, “The train leaves for New York at 10:15 am.” This clearly indicates that the correct answer is B.2.Question: Listen to the short passage and answer the following question. Question: What is the main advantage of online shopping mentioned in the passage?A. It’s faster than traditional shopping.B. It offers a wider variety of products.C. It’s more convenient and saves time.Answer: CExplanation: The passage states that one of the main advantages of online shopping is its convenience and how it saves time by allowing people to shop from anywhere and at any time. No specific mention is made about it being faster than traditional shopping (A) or offering a wider variety of products being its sole advantage (though this may also be true, it’s not the focus of the mentioned advantage). Therefore, the most accurate answer is C, as it encapsulates theconvenience and time-saving aspect highlighted in the passage.3.You are listening to a conversation between a student and a teacher ina high school library. The student is looking for help with a research project.Student: “Hi, Professor Smith. I need some assistance with my history research project. Could you recommend any good books on the Renaissance?”Teacher: “Certainly! For a comprehensive understanding of the Renaissance, I suggest you start with ‘The Age of Enlightenment’ by John Johnson. It provides an excellent overview of the period. But remember, you also need to look for specific books on the social and cultural aspects of the Renaissance.”Question: What book does the teacher recommend for the student’s history research project?A. “The Age of Enlightenment” by John JohnsonB. “Renaissance Art” by Mary WhiteC. “The Social Impact of the Renaissance” by Robert BlackD. “The Political History of the Renaissance” by Michael GreenAnswer: A. “The Age of Enlightenment” by John JohnsonExplanation: The teacher explicitly recommends the book “The Age of Enlightenment” by John Johnson to the student for their history research project, making option A the correct answer.4.In this next listening segment, you will hear a conversation between two friends discussing their weekend plans.Friend 1: “Hey, are you still planning to go hiking this weekend?”Friend 2: “Yeah, but I’m not sure about the route. Do you think we should go for the easy trail or the challenging one?”Friend 1: “I think it depends on our current fitness levels. If we’re both feeling up to it, I’d say go for the challenging one. But if we want a more relaxed weekend, then the easy trail would be better.”Question: What are the friends discussing in this conversation?A. Their plans for a weekend tripB. The weather forecast for the weekendC. Their favorite outdoor activitiesD. The pros and cons of different hiking trailsAnswer: A. Their plans for a weekend tripExplanation: The conversation revolves around the friends discussing their weekend hiking plans and deciding which trail to take, making option A the correct answer.5.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans. Listen and answer the question.Question: What does the second student decide to do for the weekend?A. Go to the beach.B. Stay at home and read.C. Visit their grandparents.Answer: C. Visit their grandparents.Explanation: In the conversation, the second student mentions that theyhaven’t seen their grandpare nts for a while and decide to visit them for the weekend, which is why the correct answer is C.6.You will hear a short lecture about the importance of exercise. Listen and answer the question.Question: According to the lecture, what is one benefit of regular exercise?A. Improved academic performance.B. Better concentration.C. Increased risk of injury.Answer: B. Better concentration.Explanation: The lecture highlights that regular exercise can lead to better concentration and improved cognitive function, making option B the correct answer. Options A and C are not mentioned as benefits of exercise in the lecture.7.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing a school project. Listen and choose the best answer to the question.What is the main topic of their conversation?A. The upcoming school tripB. The preparation for the science fairC. The new math curriculumD. The football game on FridayAnswer: BExplanation: The conversation focuses on the students discussing how to prepare for the science fair, indicating that the main topic is the preparation for thescience fair.8.You will hear a short lecture about the importance of sleep for students. Listen and complete the following sentence with the correct information.The speaker says that getting enough sleep is crucial for students because it helps them to __________.A. stay awake in classB. improve their concentrationC. perform better in sportsD. finish their homework fasterAnswer: BExplanation: The speaker in the lecture emphasizes that adequate sleep is important for students to improve their concentration, which directly contributes to their academic performance.9.You hear a conversation between two students, Alex and Jamie, discussing their weekend plans.A lex: “Hey Jamie, are you planning to do anything special this weekend?”Jamie: “Yeah, actually. I’m thinking of going hiking with a group of friends.”Alex: “That sounds fun! Where are you planning to go?”Jamie: “We’re thinking of heading up to the mountains.”Alex: “That’s great. Do you need any company?”Jamie: “Not really, I think I’ll be fine with the group, but thanks for the offer.”Question: What is Jamie planning to do this weekend?A) Go hiking with friendsB) Visit a museumC) Stay home and studyD) Go to a movieAnswer: A) Go hiking with friendsExplanation: Jamie explicitly states that they are planning to go hiking with a group of friends, making option A the correct answer.10.You hear a short interview on a local radio station with a chef, Chef Maria, who is promoting her new cookbook.Interviewer: “Chef Maria, your new cookbook is all about traditional Italian recipes. What inspired you to write this book?”Chef Maria: “I’ve always loved sharing my family’s recipes with others. It’s been a pa ssion of mine to preserve these traditional dishes.”Interviewer: “That’s wonderful. Can you tell us about one of your favorite recipes from the book?”Chef Maria: “Certainly! One of my favorites is my grandmother’s lasagna. It’s a family recipe that’s been passed down through generations.”Question: What is Chef Maria promoting?A) A new restaurantB) Her new cookbookC) A cooking classD) A cooking competitionAnswer: B) Her new cookbookExplanation: The interview is centered around Chef Maria’s new cookbook, and she discusses her inspiration and one of the recipes from the book, making option B the correct answer.11.Question: What does the man suggest doing after the meeting?A. Have a cup of coffee.B. Go for a walk.C. Take a break.D. Continue the meeting.Answer: AExplanation: The man says, “Let’s have a coffee break after this meeting,” which means he suggests having a cup of coffee after the meeting.12.Question: Why does the woman apologize to her friend?A. She didn’t call him back.B. She forgot to return the book.C. She was late for the meeting.D. She couldn’t come to the party.Answer: BExplanation: The woman says, “I’m really sorry for not returning your book on time,” indicating that she apologizes because she forgot to return the book.13.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing theirweekend plans. Listen and answer the following question.How does the student feel about going to the beach this weekend?A. ExcitedB. ReluctantC. IndifferentD. UninterestedAnswer: AExplanation: In the conversation, the student says, “I can’t wait to go to the beach this weekend. The weather is supposed to be perfect.” This indicates excitement about the beach trip.14.Listen to a short announcement about a local event and answer the following question.What is the main purpose of the event?A. To raise money for charityB. To celebrate a local festivalC. To promote a new businessD. To provide educational workshopsAnswer: AExplanation: The announcement mentions that the event is a charity run, and all proceeds will go to local community projects. This clearly indicates that the main purpose is to raise money for charity.15.Listen to the following dialogue and choose the best answer.A. The man has been studying for two weeks.B. The woman is planning a short vacation.C. They are discussing the man’s study schedule.D. The man is taking a break from his studies.Answer: C. They are discussing the man’s study sche dule.Explanation: The woman asks the man if he has managed to find a balance between studying and taking breaks. The man mentions that he has been studying for a while and is looking for ways to relax. Therefore, the correct answer is that they are discus sing the man’s study schedule.三、阅读第一节（第1题7.5分，其余每题10分，总37.5分）第一题Reading Passage:In the small town of Willowbrook, the annual Harvest Festival was a time of great celebration. It was a tradition that had been passed down through generations, and every year, the townspeople looked forward to it with excitement. The festival included a parade, various games, and a grand feast at the town square. However, the highlight of the festival was always the crowning of the Harvest Queen.This year, the competition for the title was more intense than ever. Four young women, each with unique talents, were vying for the crown. The first contestant was Emily, a skilled artist known for her intricate paintings. Thesecond was Lily, a talented musician who played the violin beautifully. The third was Olivia, a brilliant scientist who had developed a new type of organic fertilizer. The fourth and final contestant was Jake, a young farmer whose innovative farming techniques had turned his small farm into a success.The contest was judged by a panel of five local celebrities, including the town mayor, the school principal, and the owner of the local bakery. Each contestant had to present their talent and then answer questions about their experience and what they believed the role of the Harvest Queen should be.Questions:1、Who was known for their intricate paintings?A. LilyB. EmilyC. OliviaD. Jake2、What instrument did Lily play?A. PianoB. ViolinC. GuitarD. Drum3、What had Olivia developed?A. A new type of fertilizerB. A musical compositionC. An artistic sculptureD. An innovative farming technique4、How many contestants were there in the Harvest Queen competition?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6Answers:1、B2、B3、A4、B第二题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The digital revolution has transformed the way we communicate, learn, and work. One of the most significant impacts of this revolution has been the advent of the internet. The internet has made information more accessible than ever before, allowing people to connect with each other across the globe. This has not only facilitated global communication but has also opened up new opportunities for education and career development.One of the most notable developments in education is the rise of online learning platforms. These platforms offer a wide range of courses from varioussubjects, making education more flexible and accessible. Students can now learn at their own pace, from the comfort of their homes, and at a fraction of the cost of traditional education. Additionally, online learning has enabled students to gain knowledge and skills that are essential in the modern workforce.However, the digital revolution has not come without its challenges. One major concern is the potential impact on face-to-face interactions. With the increasing reliance on digital communication, many people are spending less time engaging in face-to-face conversations. This can lead to a decline in social skills and a loss of the personal connections that are essential for a healthy society.Despite these challenges, the digital revolution continues to shape our lives in profound ways. Here are some key points to consider:1.Global Connectivity: The internet has connected people from different parts of the world, breaking down geographical barriers and fostering global collaboration.2.Access to Information: The internet has made vast amounts of information readily available, allowing for self-education and lifelong learning.3.Economic Opportunities: The digital economy has created new job opportunities and allowed entrepreneurs to reach a global audience.4.Challenges of Digital Overuse: There is a risk of becoming overly dependent on digital devices, which can lead to social isolation and other health issues.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of traditional educationB) The impact of the digital revolution on societyC) The challenges of online learningD) The history of the internet2、According to the passage, what has the internet facilitated?A) The decline of social skillsB) The rise of online learning platformsC) The end of face-to-face interactionsD) The loss of personal connections3、What is one of the concerns mentioned about the digital revolution?A) The cost of educationB) The potential for social isolationC) The lack of access to informationD) The decrease in global connectivity4、Which of the following is a benefit of the digital revolution mentioned in the passage?A) The end of global collaborationB) The increase in social isolationC) The creation of new job opportunitiesD) The decline in the quality of educationAnswers:1、B2、B3、B4、C第三题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.In the small coastal town of Pencader, the annual Pencader Festival is a much-anticipated event. Celebrating its 50th anniversary this year, the festival showcases local culture, music, art, and culinary delights. The festival begins with a parade th rough the town’s streets, featuring floats decorated with traditional motifs and bands playing lively tunes.The highlight of the festival is the Pencader Arts and Crafts Fair, which takes place in the town square. Vendors from all over the region gather to sell their handmade goods, including jewelry, pottery, textiles, and wooden sculptures. Visitors can also enjoy live performances by local musicians and dancers, as well as interactive workshops for children.Another popular attraction is the Pencader Food Court, where visitors can taste a variety of local dishes. From seafood to traditional pastries, there’s something for everyone’s palate. The festival also features a Children’s Fun Zone, where children can participate in games, face painting, and other activities.1、What is the main purpose of the Pencader Festival?A. To promote tourism in the town.B. To celebrate the town’s cultural heritage.C. To raise funds for local charities.D. To honor the town’s founders.2、Where does the Pencader Arts and Crafts Fair take place?A. On the beach.B. In the town square.C. At the local library.D. In a nearby park.3、What type of performances can visitors expect to see at the festival?A. Only musical performances.B. Only dance performances.C. Both musical and dance performances.D. Only theater performances.4、What is one of the activities available for children at the festival?A. Cooking classes.B. Face painting.C. Scavenger hunts.D. Art workshops.Answers:1、B. To celebrate the town’s cultural heritage.2、B. In the town square.3、C. Both musical and dance performances.4、B. Face painting.第四题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The rise of technology has dramatically changed the way we live and work. One of the most significant impacts has been on education. With the advent of online learning platforms, students now have access to a vast array of resources that were once only available in traditional classrooms. This shift has not only increased the convenience of education but has also opened up new opportunities for learners around the world.Online learning platforms offer flexibility that traditional classrooms cannot match. Students can learn at their own pace, revisit lessons, and even access course materials from anywhere in the world. This has been particularly beneficial for those who have work or family commitments that make attending regular classes difficult. Moreover, online courses often provide a wide range of subjects and topics that might not be available in local schools.However, the shift to online learning has also raised concerns about the quality of education. Some argue that the lack of face-to-face interaction with teachers and peers can hinder the learning experience. Additionally, there is a fear that online learners might lack the discipline and motivation to complete their studies without the structure of a traditional classroom.Despite these challenges, many educational institutions are embracing the digital revolution. They are integrating online elements into their traditionalcurricula to enhance the learning experience. This hybrid approach combines the best of both worlds, allowing students to benefit from the flexibility of online learning while still engaging in interactive and collaborative learning environments.Questions:1、What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To discuss the benefits of online learning.B. To argue against the shift to online learning.C. To compare traditional and online learning environments.D. To highlight the challenges faced by online learners.2、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of online learning?A. Increased convenience.B. Access to a wide range of subjects.C. Improved face-to-face interaction.D. Flexibility for students with other commitments.3、What is the author’s attitude towards the concerns about the quality of online learning?A. Concerned.B. Positive.C. Indifferent.D. Negative.4、What does the author suggest as a solution to the challenges of onlinelearning?A. Abolish online learning altogether.B. Focus solely on traditional classroom teaching.C. Integrate online elements into traditional curricula.D. Ignore the concerns and continue with the current approach.Answers:1、A2、C3、A4、C四、阅读第二节（12.5分）Reading SectionPassage:The ancient Egyptians had a remarkable understanding of mathematics and architecture. Their most famous architectural achievement is the construction of the pyramids, which were built as tombs for the pharaohs. The Great Pyramid of Giza, the largest of the pyramids, was built around 2560 BC. It was designed to be a perfect square, with each side measuring approximately 230 meters. The Egyptians were able to calculate the length of the sides of the pyramid with remarkable accuracy, even though they did not have the benefit of modern tools.One of the key mathematical concepts used in the construction of the pyramidswas the Pythagorean theorem. The Egyptians used the theorem to ensure that the corners of the pyramid were 90 degrees, which was essential for stability. Another important mathematical concept they used was the concept of pi, which they approximated as 3.16. This allowed them to calculate the circumference of the base of the pyramid, which was crucial for the construction of the outer casing.The Egyptians also had a sophisticated understanding of astronomy. They believed that the stars and planets had a significant impact on the human world, and they used their knowledge of astronomy to guide their daily lives. For example, they aligned the pyramids with specific stars and celestial bodies to ensure the pharaoh’s tomb was in harmony with the cosmos.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?A. The Great Pyramid of GizaB. The mathematical concepts used in ancient Egyptian architectureC. The pharaohs’ tombsD. The influence of astronomy on ancient Egyptian life2.Which ancient Egyptian architectural achievement is mentioned in the passage?A. The Great Pyramid of GizaB. The SphinxC. The temples of LuxorD. The obelisks3.What mathematical concept was used to ensure the stability of the pyramids?A. The Pythagorean theoremB. The concept of piC. The concept of pi and the Pythagorean theoremD. The concept of pi and the concept of 3.164.According to the passage, how did the Egyptians approximate the value of pi?A. 3.14B. 3.16C. 3.17D. 3.185.What did the Egyptians believe about the stars and planets?A. They had no influence on human life.B. They had no influence on the construction of the pyramids.C. They had a significant impact on the human world.D. They were not important for the pharaohs’ tombs.Answers:1.B2.A3.C4.B5.C五、语言运用第一节 _ 完形填空（15分）Title: English First Semester Mid-term Exam – Language UsePart 5: Language UseSection 1: ClozeRead the following passage and choose the best word for each blank from the options given below.Passage:On a cold winter’s day, a young girl named Lucy found herself lost in a dense forest. The snow-covered ground made it difficult to see the path, and she began to panic. She remembered her mother always telling her to carry a flashlight with fresh batteries and to stay on the main trail. But she had left her flashlight at home, and she was now miles away from the trail.Lucy’s heart raced as she tried to find her way back. She remembered that she had seen a stream earlier, so she decided to follow it. The stream led her to a small cabin in the woods. To her surprise, the door was slightly open. She cautiously entered and found a warm fire burning in the fireplace. The cabin was empty, but she felt a sense of relief.As she sat by the fire, Lucy realized she h ad a problem. She didn’t know who lived in the cabin, and she didn’t have any identification. She decidedto wait until someone came back. Hours passed, and she began to worry that no one would find her. Just then, a man walked in. He was surprised to see her, but after explaining her situation, he offered to help.1.The weather on the day Lucy got lost was:a) sunny and warmb) rainy and windyc) cold and snowyd) hot and humidAnswer: c) cold and snowy六、语言运用第二节 _ 语法填空（15分）English First Semester Grade 1 Mid-term ExamPart Six: Language UseSection 2: Grammar CompletionRead the following passage and complete the blanks with the appropriate grammar form.The world of technology is evolving rapidly, and with it comes a new set of challenges for young people. Many students (1)___________find it difficult to keep up with the latest advancements in science and technology. This is especially true (2)___________those who come from less affluent backgrounds, where access to resources and information is limited. However, there are ways (3)___________we can all improve our knowledge and skills. One of the mosteffective methods is to engage in (4)___________learning, which encourages (5)___________and critical thinking.For instance, (6)___________we are studying a new topic, we can try to research it online or read relevant books. This not only broadens our knowledge but also (7)___________us to develop research skills. Additionally,(8)___________we collaborate with others, we can learn from their perspectives and gain a deeper understanding of the subject. It is also important to practice regularly, (9)___________we can reinforce what we have learned. Finally, (10)___________we stay curious and open-minded, we can continue to grow and adapt to the changing world.Grammar Completion:1.A. have B. are C. do D. will2.A. for B. to C. with D. of3.A. by B. in C. for D. on4.A. active B. interactive C. passive D. online5.A. creativity B. memorization C. repetition D. understanding6.A. As B. When C. While D. Since7.A. allows B. prevents C. requires D. limits8.A. If B. When C. Although D. Because9.A. then B. so C. therefore D. however10.A. If B. Since C. Because D. AsAnswer Key:1.C2.A3.A4.A5.A6.B7.A8.B9.A10.A七、写作第一节 _ 应用文写作（15分）七、写作（第一节：应用文写作）Task: Write a letter to your friend, describing a recent event or activity you participated in that you found particularly enjoyable. Include details about the event, why you enjoyed it, and any new experiences or skills you gained. Your letter should be approximately 100-120 words.Example:Dear Alex,I hope this letter finds you well. I wanted to share with you a recent experience that was truly delightful. Last weekend, I joined a local hiking group for a day trip to the mountains. The scenery was breathtaking, with lush greenery and stunning viewpoints at every turn.。

天津市第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）、第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分，考试用时90分钟。

请将答案涂写在答题卡和答题纸上，答在试卷上的无效。

祝大家考试顺利！第I卷I. 听力(共20小题，每题0.5分，满分10分)第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Ho w does the man think of the woman’s playing of the guitar?A. Worse than him.B. Better than him.C. As well as him.2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In an office.C. At home.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The weather.B. Going boating.C. Their friend Tom.4. What will the woman do this evening?A. Pick up her mum at the airport.B. Say goodbye to her mum at the airport.C. Fly to another city together with her mum.5. What will the woman do in the morning?A. See Lisa off.B. Go to the zoo.C. Deal with an email.第二节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

天津市耀华中学2019-2020学年度第一学期期中形成性检测高一年级英语学科试卷请将I卷的选择题填涂到答题卡上；II卷的答案写在答题纸上I卷(满分70分)I.听力理解（共20小题，每小题0.5分，满分10分）第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Where are probably the two speakers?A.At home.B.At school.C.At a bookstore.2.Why does the woman need to borrow money?A.Because she has used up all her money.B.Because she has left her purse at home.C.Because she has lost her purse.3.How does the man usually travel around?A.By car.B.By bus.C.By subway.4.What country did the man travel to?A.China.B.Australia.C.America.5.What do the two speakers most probably go there for?A.Finding a job.B.Looking for someone.C.Doing some sightseeing.第二节听下面几段材料。

每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段材料读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.In which month did the man get married?A.June.B.July.C.January.7.What do we know about the woman?A.She hasn’t got married yet.B.She divorced not long ago.C.She enjoys her life very much now.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

2019～2020学年第一学期期中六校联考高一英语蓟州一中崔春月杨村一中李文慧本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

第I卷选择题（共80 分）第一部分：听力理解（共两节，满分15分）一、听力（15题15分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place？A. At a restaurant.B. In a shop.C. In a hotel.2. What’s Mary’s plan for the weekend ?A. Watching a new movie.B. Going over her lessons.C. Doing some housework.3. What’s the time no w ?A. 10:15.B. 10:05.C. 9:55.4. When did the man make the same call?A. This morning.B. Yesterday morning.C. Last night.5. Which subject is the man sure that he failed ?A. French.B. History.C. Chinese.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）听下面几段材料。

每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段材料读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。

2020年天津市耀华中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMembership CardFighting Fit is a members-only club. When you first join, we give you a computerized card. It has your name, photo and membership number on.Please have your card with you every time you use the club. The card is for your use only, and there is a small charge to provide a new one if you lose it. Members are permitted to bring guests to use the facilities at the club.A visiting guest fee is charged for each guest.Fitness ProgramsYour Fitness Program includes a meeting with one of our skilled instructors. This will happen two or three weeks after you have joined. The instructor looks at your health, your current needs and the way you live, and organizes a program suitable for you.GymnasiumOur gymnasiums are the most modem in the area and have high quality exercise equipment. For safety reasons, you must wear sportswear and trainers while exercising, and please remember to take a small towel too. It is one of our rules that you wipe the equipment after use.There is no limit to how long you spend in the gymnasiums, but we ask you to respect other members by only spending 20 minutes on each piece of equipment. There are experienced staff helping you in the gymnasiums at any time.Locker RoomsWe have large male and female locker rooms. Please ensure that your property is kept in your locker at all times. Any belongings which are found in a locker overnight will be removed and taken to Lost Property.CafeThe Cafe offers free tea, coffee and soft drinks.Suggestion BoxMembers' suggestions are always welcome, and the suggestion box and forms can be found at reception. We try to respond within two days.1.What does the Fighting Fit Health Club provide for its members?A.A personalized program on their first visit.B.A second membership card for free.C.Help from the staff all the time.D.Certain kinds of clothes and towels.2.At the Fighting Fit Health Club, you can_.A.share your membership cardB.have free drinks in the CafeC.leave personal items in the locker for 24 hoursD.spend as long as you like on all equipment3.Where is the information most probably from?A.A news report.B.A notice board.C.A guide book.D.A reference book.BScientists have recently discovered thatAndean condors (秀鹫)— some of the world’s largest birds——barely flap their wings at all while flying. Instead, they use rising air currents to remain in the air for hours.The Andean condor is the world’s largest soaring bird. They can weigh up to 15 kilograms. Their wings, when spread out, measure up to three meters. Their main food source is the meat of large animals which have died. Soaring high in the sky allows condors to easily spot possible meals on the ground.Scientists worked together to study the flight patterns of these huge birds and how much effort the birds use when flying. To study the birds while they were in the sky, the researchers attached special devices which could record every beat of their wings.The scientists learned that most of the condors’ flapping— over 75%— came when the birds were taking off. Once in the sky, the birds flew for very long periods of time without flapping at all. In fact, they only flapped their wings for 1% of the time they were in the air. One bird flew for over five hours without flapping, covering nearly 117miles.Soaring without flapping is important because birds bum energy every time they flap their wings.The birds’ soaring isn’t magic. They use the fact that hot air rises to keep themselves up. As hot air rises, it often creates “thermals”— currents of warm air moving upward. The condors soar by making use of these thermals. The tricky part is finding thermals and moving between them.When birds are forced to land and take off again often, it costs them a lot of energy. The researchers learned that to avoid having to land, the condors did most of their non-take-off flapping when they were closer to theground and looking for a new thermal.The scientists reported that even though all of the condors they studied were young, they knew well how to take advantage of the air currents.4. What can we learn about the Andean condor from the text?A. They live mairly on small animals.B. Their wingspan is at least three meters.C. They rely on hot air to remain high in the sky.D. They are the birds with the strongest flying ability.5. Why was the equipment tied to the birds?A. To measure how far they could fly without flapping.B. To keep track of how often they flapped while flying.C. To calculate the energy required for their flight.D. To confirm their flight patterns.6. Which of the following acts consumes the most energy for a condor?A. Hunting for food.B. Flying in the sky.C. Getting off the ground.D. Landing on the ground.7. What can we infer from the text?A. Condors flap the most when looking for a new thermal.B. No condor can fly for more than five hours without flapping.C. Condors don’t need to look for thermals when soaring in the sky.D. Soaring by using thermals is probably a natural ability of condors.CWe have most friends at the age of 26 afterhaving spent the first quarter of our lives building up our friendship circle, new research has claimed.The research into friendship shows that our social circle peaks at 26 years and 7 months, at which we typically have five close friends. Women are most popular at 25 years and 10 months, with men hitting the highest friendship point a little later at 27 years and 3 months.The research, by Forever Friends, shows that about a third of adults meet their closest friends while at school, with about a fifth saying they meet them at work.Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter now also play a major role in building new friendship. Theresearch points out that 25 to 34-year-olds make 22 friends via Facebook, compared to 18 to 24-year-olds who make 12, and 35 to 44-year-olds who make just four.Forever Friends' relationship coach Sam Owen says, “It is no coincidence that over a third of us meet our best friends at school. It is a key time in our lives when friendship is growing through sharing notes, giving gifts, seeing each other regularly and laughing a lot. As adults we can often forget how powerful these small things are and how the little things can make a difference."Later in life we find ourselves losing friends. Over half of us lose friendship through moving, while 36% say that over time they grow apart from close pals. Having children also causes 19% todrift away fromchildhood friends.With growing pressure being put on friendship these days, it's important to make time for our friendship.8. How many friends can a 20-year-old college student make via Facebook?A. 22.B. 18.C. 12.D. 4.9. In Paragraph 5, the author is trying to tell the readers ________.A. how important making friends isB. school time is an important period to develop friendshipC. how much has been done to keep friendshipD. that friendship is not easy to keep10. The underlined phrase "drift away from" in Paragraph 6 means ________.A. make sense ofB. make up withC. feel sorry forD. lose touch with11. This passage is mostprobably taken from ________.A. a newspaperB. an advertisementC. a textbookD. Facebook or TwitterDThe year 2020 will mark the beginning of the decade of the yold, or the “young old”, as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75. The traditional retirement age is 65. One might therefore expect peak retirement. By continuing to work, and staying socially engaged, the yold will change the world, as they have done several times before at different stages of their lives.The yold are more numerous, healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors. The yold arebusier, too. In short, the yold are not just any group of old people. They are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired as people who wear slippers and look after the grandchildren. That will influence consumer, service and financial markets.The over-60s are one of the fastest-growing groups of customers of the airline business. The yold are vital to the tourism industry because they spend much more, when taking a foreign holiday, than younger adults.But for all this to happen,three big things will have to change, under pressure from the yold themselves. The most important is public attitudes towards older people, and in particular the expectation that the old ought to be putting their feet up and quietly retiring into the background. Then, government policies will have to change, too. The retirement age in many rich countries is still below the age to which many people want to work. The effective retirement age (the age at which people actually leave the workforce) is usually even lower. Third, higher numbers of healthy yold people will require drastic changes in health spending. Most diseases of ageing are bestmetwith prevention and lifestyle changes. But only about 2%~3% of most countries’ health-care spending goes on prevention. That will have to rise, because although the yold will constitute a bulge of comparative health and activity over the next decade, by 2030 they will hit 75 and enter a long period of decline for which few rich countries are ready.12. What kind of people are the yold exactly?A. They are workaholics.B. They are full of energy.C. They enjoy being focused on.D. They like staying socially engaged.13. Why do the yold contribute to tourist industry?A. They like traveling more.B. They have more money.C. They consume more on travel.D. They have much free time.14. What’s the author’s attitude toward health-care spending on prevention?A. Unsatisfied.B. Subjective.C. Neutral.D. Active.15. What does the underlined word “met” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. dealt withB. come acrossC. satisfiedD. experienced.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年天津市耀华中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A. It was intended to solve medical problems.B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?A. Talented and caring.B. Independent and humorous.C. Responsible and patient.D. Polite and inspiring.BMany Americans experience surprise (or disappointment) when they wake up on Christmas Day. They might be surprised or disappointed by a family member’s actions. They might be happy or unhappy about a Christmas gift. Imagine a child expects to get an Xbox or PlayStation for Christmas. On Christmas morning, they quickly open their gift. Inside is an English grammar book. They might feel disappointed. The Everyday Grammar team would prefer the new English grammar book. But if you are like most young people, you would probably rather have a new video game.Today, we are going to explore those feelings-feelings of surprise and disappointment. In other words, we are going to explore how speakers show that reality was better or worse than their expectations.Many languages use words to express expectation. Speakers also use words to express how events are not happening as expected. This idea is known as “counter expectation”.Do not worry about the term. Just remember that it means that speakers use words to show that reality is countering their expectations.English has many words that serve this purpose. Three of the most common are the words “even”, “still” and “actually”. You will often hear them in informal, everyday speech. Speakers use these words to show disappointment. The pitch of their voice tells you what they mean. Let’s study examples of each word.Speakers often use the word "even” to show disappointment or surprise. Imagine a young child that expects a phone call from a family member-perhaps an uncle or grandparent. The phone call never comes. The child might say the following: “What’s wrong with him? He didn’t even call me on Christmas day.” Americans sometimes use “still” for showing how reality does not quite meet their expectations: “You’re still here? It’s over! Go home. Go!” Another common word that shows surprise or disappointment is “actually”: “I can’t believe it! Uncle Bob actually stole her Christmas gift.”4. What might most young Americans prefer as a Christmas gift according to paragraph 1?A. A newly made video game.B. An English grammar book.C. A new designed school bag.D. A unique jacket from their parents.5. What does the underlined phrase “counter expectation” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Expression of disappointment.B. Something expected to happen.C. The same with one’s expectation.D. A result against what is expected.6. What do the three words “even”, “still” and “actually” have in common?A. They are easy to understand.B. They express disappointment.C. They show delighted feelings.D. They are used most at Christmas.7. What’s the last paragraph mainly about?A. Expectations from loved ones.B. Different uses of the three words.C. Examples of the use of the three words.D. Emotions of disappointment and surprise.CI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose toride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keep them safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.8. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.9. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.10. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.11. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.DNot long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment. This tradition has continued, with the implied message: usethisand exercise willbe yours.And that's part of the problem, says Dr. Lieberman, a professor of Harvard University. There isn't one “best” anything to achieve fitness. Besides, people understand exercise is good for them. Knowledge about exercise still doesn't motivate.Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history. Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to. But then technology made life and work easier. Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for. “It's a fundamental instinct to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding,” he says.It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise “can make it like taking cod liver oil,” Lieberman says. “Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't. And it's still coming across as an order, and “not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward,” says Dr. Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School.People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable. Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people. The majority don't feel excited. They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be. Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise. It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun.12. What does the underlined “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The magazine.B. The tradition.C. The equipment.D. The message.13. What can we infer about technology?A. It improves life quality.B. It saves people's time.C. It drives social progress.D. It makes exercise less likely.14. Why does the author mention “cod liver oil” in paragraph 4?A. To attach importance to health.B. To present a doctor's prescription.C. To explain exercise is considered inessential.D. To introduce the latest medical application.15. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Exercise should be made more joyful.B. It's more fun to work out with others.C. We may encounter bad workout experiences.D. Orders work well to motivate people to exercise.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。