Benjamin Franklin

American literatureChapter 1 The Embryo of American Literature1、Benjamin FranklinA Brief Introduction of Benjamin FranklinFranklin was one of the leading founding fathers of the United States of America. He was a member of the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence and was one of its signatories(签名人)。

He also signed the Constitution of the United States, and served as the new nation’s ablest diplomat. Franklin was also unequaled in America as an inventor until Thomas Edison. He invented the Franklin stove(火炉，窖，温室)，bifocal eyeglasses and the lightning rod.※BiographyBenjamin Franklin was born on January 17,1706 in Boston, Massachusetts. He was the youngest child ,and tenth boy of 17 children. Franklin’s formal schooling ended early but his education never did. He believed that “the door to wisdom are never shut,” and read every book he could get his hands on. Franklin taught himself simple algebra and geometry ,navigation, logic, history, science, English grammar and a working knowledge of five other languages.Franklin had a simple formula for success. He believed that successful people worked just a little harder than other people. Benjamin Franklin certainly did. He built a successful printing and publishing business in Philadelphia; he conducted scientific studies of electricity and made several important discoveries; he was an accomplished diplomat and statesman; he helped establish Pennsylvania’s first university and America’s first city hospital. He also organized the country’s first subscription library.Franklin had strong belief that good citizenship included an obligation of public service. Franklin himself served the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and the new United States of America, in one way or the other, for most of his life. To Benjamin Franklin there was no greater purpose in life than to“live usefully.”※The Works·Poor Richard’s Almanac.1733·The Way to Wealth,1758·Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin ，1791·Benjamin Franklin’s Thirteen Virtues1TEMPERANCE. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation.2SIlENCE. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation.3ORDER.Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time.4RESOLUTION.Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve.5FRUGALITY. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e.,waste nothing.6INDUSTRY.Lose no time;be always employeed in something useful; cut off all unneccessary actions.7. SINCERITY. Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly.8. JUSTICE. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty.9. MODERATION. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve.10. CLEANLINESS. Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation.11. TRANQUILLITY. Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable.12. CHASTITY. Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to dulness, weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation.13. HUMILITY. Imitate Jesus and Socrates.※Selected ReadingToo Dear for the WhistleWhen I was a child of seven years old , my friends , on a holiday ,filled my pocket with coppers . I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children . Being charmed with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way , in the hands of another boy , I handed over all my money for one . I then came home , went whistling all over house , much pleased with my whistle , but disturbing all my family .My brother and sister and cousins ,when I told of the bargain I had made,said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth . They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation(n.苦恼，恼怒，令人烦恼的事) . Thinking about the matter gave me more chagrin than the whistle gave me pleasure.This , however , was afterwards of use to me , for the impression continued on my mind . so that often , when I was tempted to buy something I do not need . I said to myself . “Don't give too much for the whistle ,”and I saved my money . As I grew up , came into the world，and observed the actions of men . I thought I met with many ,very many ,who “gave too much for the whistle .”When I saw some man too eager for cout favour, wasting his time at court getherings ,giving up his rest , his liberty ,his virtue, and perhaps his friends ,for royal favour , I said to myself “This man gives too much for the whistle.”When I saw another fond of popularity , constantly taking part in political affairs ,neglecting his own business ,and ruining it by neglect , “He pays , indeed ,”said I , “too dear for his whistle .”If I knew a miser（守财奴，吝啬鬼）who gave up every kind of comfortable living , all the pleasure of doing good to others , all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship , for the sake of gathering and keeping wealth —“Poor man.”said I , “you pay too dear for your whistle .”When I met a man of pleasure , who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but merely devoted himself to having a good time ,perhaps neglecting his health ,“Mistaken man,”said I , “you are providing pain for yourself , instead of pleasure ; you are paying too dear for your whistle .”If I saw someone fond of appearance of who had fine clothes , fine houses , fine furniture , fine earrings , all above his fortune , and for which he had run into debt ,and ends his career in a prison .“Alas,”said I , “he has paid dear , very dear , for his whistle . ”In short the miseries of mankind are largely due to their putting a false value on things —to giving “too much for their whistles”.。

• 光学：他发明了老人用的双焦距眼镜，能够看清近处及远处的事 物，并且因此最先解释了北极光。
发明了口琴、摇椅、路灯、避雷针。 发现了墨西哥海湾的海流。 最先绘制暴风雨推移图。 发现人们呼出气体的有害性。 发现了颗粒肥料。 设计出夏天穿的白色亚麻服装，设计了最早的游泳眼镜和蛙噗。 制定了新闻传播法。 最先组织了消防厅。 创立了近代的邮信制度。 创立了议员的近代选举法。
读书
• 1 读书是易事，思索是难事，但两者缺一，便全无用处。 • 2 诚实和勤勉应该成为你永久的伴侣。 • 3 读书是我唯一的娱乐，我不把时间浪费与酒店、赌博或者任何 一种低劣的游戏。 • 学而不能致用的人是一头背着书的牛马。蠢驴是否知道它背上背 的是一堆书而不是一捆柴？
勤奋与光阴
• 1 懒鬼起来吧！别再浪费时间，将来在坟墓内有足够的时 间让你睡的。 • 2 懒惰像生锈一样，比操劳更能消耗身体；常使用的钥匙 ，总是闪闪亮的。 • 切勿坐耗时光，须知每刻都有无穷的利息；日计不足，岁 月有余。 • 3 不劳苦，无所得 • 4 时间就是生命，时间就是金钱。 • 5 今日能做的事，勿延至明日。 • 6勤劳的人，饥饿过其门而不入
行为习惯
• • • • • 1 恶习知道自己委实很丑陋，所以往往戴了假面具。 2 虚伪和欺诈师一切罪恶之母。 3 真话说一半常是弥天大谎。 4 饮食节制常常使人头脑清醒，思想敏捷。 5 早眠早起，使人健康，富有，明智。
THAT'S ALL
THANK YOU!!
• A man wrapped up in himself makes a very small bundle. • -------Benjamin franklin, inventer • 一个只关心自己的人只能成就很小的事。

Writer
It was the image of the first half life of Franklin and a microcosm /’maɪkrə(ʊ)kɒz(ə)m/（缩影）of North America of the first new national awakening and the independent movement. His independence, the pursuit of freedom, democracy and science, all the criticism and resistance of tyranny, the struggle of the spirit of ecstasy is not only represented the will and desire of the masses of working people of North America, but is bound to inspire the readers’ hearts from all over the world. 这是富兰克林前半生的真实写照，也是北美新民族觉 醒、独立运动前半部的缩影。他对独立、自由、民主和 科学事业的追求，对一切暴政的批判和反抗，这种忘我 的斗争精神不仅代表了当时北美广大劳动人民的意志和 愿望，而且必定会激励着各个时代的各国读者的心 。
social activist
• Pennsylvania Gazette /gə’zet/ 《宾夕法尼亚日报》 • 1729年，被称谓美国广告业之父的本杰明· 富兰克林 创办了《宾夕法尼亚日报》，在创刊的第一版上刊登了一 则推销肥皂的广告，取代了新闻的重要版面。 有富兰克林亲自制作的这则广告标题巨大，四周有相 当大的留白，十分引人注目，开创了报纸广告应用艺术手 法的先例。不久这份报纸的发行量和广告量，在整个殖民 地美国的报纸中跃居首位。 1864年，有位传记作家曾评论：“我们必须承认， 是富兰克林创建了现代的广告系统。可以肯定的讲，自他 开始以后，我们才能像今天这样用强大的宣传机器，来进 行广告宣传工作的。

关于本杰明富兰克林的英语作文Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and had a significant impact on American history. 本杰明富兰克林是美国的开国元勋之一，对美国历史产生了重要影响。

He was a multi-talented individual, excelling in various fields such as science, politics, and writing. 他是一个多才多艺的人，在科学、政治和写作等领域都表现出色。

Franklin was known for his experiments with electricity and his invention of the lightning rod. 富兰克林以他在电学领域的实验和发明避雷针而闻名。

His contributions to the field of politics were also significant, as he played a key role in the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution. 他在政治领域的贡献也很重要，他在起草独立宣言和美国宪法中发挥了关键作用。

In addition to his scientific and political achievements, Franklin was also a prolific writer, known for his wit and wisdom. 除了他在科学和政治领域的成就，富兰克林还是一个多产的作家，以他的机智和智慧而闻名。

One of his most famous works is "Poor Richard's Almanack," a collection of proverbs and practical advice that reflected his practical outlook on life. 他最著名的作品之一是《可怜理查年鉴》，这是一本反映他实用人生观的谚语和实用建议集。

• 勤勉。不浪费时间；每时每刻做有用之事，戒 除一切不必要的行动。
Autobiography
• 7. Sincerity. Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly. • 诚恳。不欺骗人；思想纯洁公正；说话 也应诚实。 • 8. Justice. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty. • 正直。不做不利他人之事，切勿忘记履 行对人有益的义务而伤害他人。
The Way to Wealth
• An essay(1758) • 25 anniversary issue of Almanac • Brought together the best of his maxims • In the guise of a speech by Father Abraham • Earlier titles: Poor Richard Improved and • Father Abraham’s Speech
Autobiography
• 5. Frugality（节俭）. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing. • 节俭。花钱须于人于己有益，即不浪费。
• 6. Industry. Lose no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.

HOW DOES ONE CHARACTERIZE FRANKLIN？
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Gulf Stream
墨西哥湾流 简称湾流，是大西洋上重要的洋流， 以及全球最大的洋流。起源于墨西哥 湾，经过佛罗里达海峡沿着美国的东 部海域与加拿大纽芬兰省向北，最后 跨越北大西洋通往北极海。在大约北 纬40度西经30度左右的地方，墨西哥 湾流分支成两股分支，北分支跨入欧 洲的海域，成为北大西洋暖流，南分 支经由西非重新回到赤道。
表兄告诉富兰克林从英国开往美洲的商船一般都会选择避开湾流的航线行驶而邮政船则总是在流速达3节的湾流中逆流行驶因此邮政船在海上的航行时间一般要比商船长一些
本杰明•富兰克林
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本杰明· 富兰克林 Benjamin Franklin，1706年1月17日－1790年4月17日 出生于美国麻省波士顿，是美国著名政治家、科学家，同时 亦是出版商、印刷商、记者、作家、慈善家；更是杰出的外交 家及发明家。 他是美国革命时重要的领导人之一，参与了多项重要文件的 草拟，并曾出任美国驻法国大使，成功取得法国支持美国独立 。本杰明· 富兰克林曾经进行多项关于电的实验，并且发明了避 雷针。他还发明了双焦点眼镜，蛙鞋等等。本杰明· 富兰克林是 共济会的成员，被选为英国皇家学会院士。他亦是美国首位邮 政局长。
航行时间一般要比商船长一些。
于是，富兰克林请表兄把墨西哥湾流的草图绘在 大西洋海图上，并采用投放漂流瓶的方法对湾流运 动的路径进行验证。根据漂流瓶拾到者反馈的发现 时间和地点，富兰克林确认墨西哥湾流始于佛罗里 达海峡，沿大西洋两海岸北上，绕过百慕大群岛的 西北侧后向东偏南方向流向大西洋的东海岸。 1770年，富兰克林编绘的海图在英国发表，并将 这股海流命名为“湾流（gulf stream）”。墨西哥湾 流海图也成为世界上最早的海流图。

Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706–April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author and printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, satirist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theo-ries regarding electricity. He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass 'armonica'. He formed both the first public lending library in America and the first fire department in Pennsylvania. Franklin earned the title of "The First American" for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity; as an author and spokesman in London for sev-eral colonies, then as the first United States Ambassador to France, he exempli-fied the emerging American nation. Franklin was foundational in defining the American ethos as a marriage of the practical and democratic values of thrift, hard work, education, community spirit, self-governing institutions, and opposi-tion to authoritarianism both political and religious, with the scientific and toler-ant values of the Enlightenment. In the words of historian Henry Steele Com-mager, "In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its de-fects, the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat."To Walter Isaacson, this makes Franklin "the most accomplished American of his age and the most in-fluential in inventing the type of society America would become."Franklin, always proud of his working class roots, became a successful newspa-per editor and printer in Philadelphia, the leading city in the colonies. He was also partners with William Goddard and Joseph Galloway the three of whom published the Pennsylvania Chronicle, a newspaper that was known for its revo-lutionary sentiments and criticisms of the British monarchy in the American col-onies.He became wealthy publishing Poor Richard's Almanack and The Pennsyl-vania Gazette. Franklin gained international renown as a scientist for his famous experiments in electricity and for his many inventions, especially the lightning rod. He played a major role in establishing the University of Pennsylvania and was elected the first president of the American Philosophical Society. Franklin became a national hero in America when he spearheaded the effort to have Par-liament repeal the unpopular Stamp Act. An accomplished diplomat, he was widely admired among the French as American minister to Paris and was a ma-jor figure in the development of positive Franco-American relations. For many years he was the British postmaster for the colonies, which enabled him to set up the first national communications network. He was active in community affairs, colonial and state politics, as well as national and international affairs. From 1785 to 1788, he served as governor of Pennsylvania. Toward the end of his life, he freed his slaves and became one of the most prominent abolitionists.His colorful life and legacy of scientific and political achievement, and status as one of America's most influential Founding Fathers, have seen Franklin honored on coinage and money; warships; the names of many towns, counties, educa-tional institutions, namesakes, and companies; and more than two centuries af-ter his death, countless cultural references.Book reportFranklin was not in favorable growth environment, and it should be a relatively plain appearance. In 1706 he was in North America, the home of 17 children. His father is involved in wax and soap as a small businessman, Franklin entered the school for about two years before dropping out of school because of family dis-tress. Then he went to work as an apprentice in his brother’s shop, the apprentice days was very difficult, but he did a good use of the apprenticeship leisure time to study hard, and read a lot of books in politics, science, history and literature. He was also proficient in the use of French, Italian, Spanish and Latin.In 1726 Franklin manages a printing factory, it was a great success which created a legend of the American dream, and he printed a huge impact “Pennsylvania”. He invented the lightning rod, dual-purpose glasses, new stove and new lights. He pi-oneered the North American colonies the slogan that is “not join the death”and drafted out the drafting of “Declaration of Independence”published in 1771 which changed the fate of countless people, and this book gave a description of its pro-cess of growth and exhorted the people to be positive.(换ppt)There are a lot of Proverbs in this book that Franklin felt in his life, reading this book is not only to feel the sentiment, but also to combine their training and hu-manity and then to improve ourselves, the book describes each chapter are a true portrayal of his life and tell us how to get all the perception which inspired me very much.In his view, reading is the key to success. Books give us wisdom, strengthen our determination and let us have the wisdom of the trip of our life.Franklin attaches great importance to his virtue. Therefore, he proposed to 13 re-quirements for himself namely: control, quiet, orderly life, determination, frugal-ity, diligence, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity and humility. He has been trying to do that, though he cannot completely meet all the requirements, but he was persistent. The people who can meet the 13 require-ments can be called “saints”of the fact that people are rarely perfect, but it can pursue such a perfect people in the United States and Germany who have achieved great success.Franklin was revered as the father of America for his impressive image that can maintain a frugal life style of work for the public welfare and make immortal con-tributions, compared to the majority of people we can knew how impetuous we are.(huan)In this clear, crisply written story of his life, Benjamin Franklin shows the reader what his childhood was like and what he came to value as meaningful and worth-while techniques of communication, conduct, and self-improvement. A conscien-tious and serious youth, Franklin nevertheless left his boyhood town because he had impregnated a young lady. This early act of responsibility led him to pursue work that led him, in the coming years of the American Revolution, to be a strong advocate of political independence, even at the cost of war. Franklin became as fine a statesman as ever the United States was to produce. One of the country's founding fathers and a tireless champion of individual liberty, he also served as the American ambassador to France. He tells of how he learned the printing trade and how he established "Poor Richard's Almanac." He also shares with hisreaders his hopes for the free country that he helped to bring into being. The reader cannot help but admire this brilliant and brave founding father, as much for his humility as for his services to his country and its future citizens. (huan)名言Silence is not always a sign of wisdom, but babbling is ever a folly.沉默并不是智慧的标志，但唠叨永远是一项蠢行。

benjamin franklin有关教育的名言
本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）是杰出的政治家、外交家，同时也是发明家、出版商、印刷商、作家、慈善家，他在教育方面也有许多名言，如：
- “颠覆一个国家的自由，第一步便是要压制言论自由。

”
- “试图用自由换取暂时保障的人，既不配得到自由，也不配得到保障。

”
- “有常识但没受过教育的人，要胜过受过教育但无常识的人。

”
这些名言强调了教育的重要性以及言论自由的价值。

富兰克林认为，教育不仅是传授知识，更是培养一个人的判断力和常识。

他还强调了言论自由对于一个国家的重要性，认为言论自由是维护社会稳定和发展的基础。

Alliance结盟；联盟 结盟； 结盟
fleet舰队；海军 舰队； 舰队
伟人的离去
• His last public act was to sign an appeal to Congress urging the abolition of slavery. • Franklin died in Philadelphia in 1790, at the age of 84. He left ﹩5000 each to Boston and Philadelphia, to be used for public works.
外交家富兰克林
Soon after the colonies declared their independence in July 1776, Franklin was sent to France as the American envoy, and he remained there until 1785. He was very popular among the French people, who were charmed by his kindness, his simple dress and manner, his wise and witty sayings, and his tact and courtesy in greeting the nobility and common people alike. envoy使者；代表 使者； 使者 tact老练；圆滑 老练； 老练 witty机智的；言辞诙谐的 机智的； 机智的 courtesy礼貌；彬彬有礼 礼貌； 礼貌
富兰克林本人对节俭、责任、勤劳与朴素的见解。
A penny saved is a penny earned. 省一分，挣一分。 省一分，挣一分。 Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. 早睡早起，体健、财多、头晴朗。 早睡早起，体健、财多、头晴朗。 God helps them that help themselves. 自助者天助。 自助者天助。 Little strokes fell great oaks.小斧慢砍，巨树可断。 小斧慢砍， 小斧慢砍 巨树可断。

英语听力文摘《本杰明·富兰克林》英语听力文摘《本杰明·富兰克林》本杰明·富兰克林是资本主义精神最完美的代表，十八世纪美国最伟大的科学家和发明家，著名的政治家、外交家、哲学家、文学家和航海家以及美国独立战争的伟大领袖;更是杰出的外交家及发明家。

下面，我们通过这篇英语听力文摘来了解一下这位伟大的人物吧。

Franklin's parents were both pious Puritans. The family attended the old South Church, the most liberal Puritan congregation in Boston, where Benjamin Franklin was baptized in 1706.富兰克林的双亲皆为虔诚的清教徒，他们加入了波士顿最自由的清教徒们所参加的古老的南方教堂，富兰克林也于1706年在那里受洗礼。

Franklin's father, a poor chandler, owned a copy of a book, Bonifacius: Essays to Do Good, by the Puritan preacher and family friend Cotton Mather, which Franklin often cited as a key influence on his life. The book preached the importance of forming voluntary associations to benefit society. Franklin learned about forming do-good associations from Cotton Mather, but his organizational skills made him the most influential force in making voluntarism an enduring part of the American ethos.他的父亲是位贫困的'杂货商，拥有一本Bonifacius的书，书名为:行善箴言，这本书是一个清教传教士也是富兰克林家族的朋友Cotton Mather写的。

本杰明·富兰克林语录1. "Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn." - Benjamin Franklin“告诉我，我会忘记；教我，我可能会记住；让我参与，我就会学到。

”- 本杰明·富兰克林2. "An investment in knowledge pays the best interest." - Benjamin Franklin “对知识的投资，回报最丰厚。

”- 本杰明·富兰克林3. "Well done is better than well said." - Benjamin Franklin“实际行动胜于空谈。

”- 本杰明·富兰克林4. "You may delay, but time will not." - Benjamin Franklin“你可以拖延，但时间不会等你。

”- 本杰明·富兰克林5. "By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail." - Benjamin Franklin“不预先准备，就是在准备失败。

”- 本杰明·富兰克林6. "Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn." - Benjamin Franklin“告诉我，我会忘记；教我，我可能会记住；让我参与，我就会学到。

”- 本杰明·富兰克林7. "Energy and persistence conquer all things." - Benjamin Franklin“精力和坚持能征服一切。

Franklin stands in the atrium[‘eitriəm] 中庭 of
In Benjamin Franklin National Benjamin Franklin High School
Memorial
in New Orleans
Life
❖ Born in a poor candle maker’s family in Boston
7
Success as an inventor and scientist
b. And for his lightning-rod,避雷针 he was called “the new Prometheus [prəˈmi:θju:s]普罗米修 斯who had stolen fire from heaven.”
Life
❖ dependent printer and publisher
❖ Became financially independent at 42 and retired to do what he liked
(read, make scientific experiments and do good to his fellow men)
The Declaration of Independence《独立宣言》
The Treaty of Alliance with France The Treaty of Peace with England
The Constitution 《美国宪法》
9
Success as a writer
❖ The Autobiography 《自传》 ❖ Poor Richard’s Almanack [ˈɔ:lmənæk] 《格言历

Benjamin Franklin (January 17, 1706–April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author and printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, satirist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theo-ries regarding electricity. He invented the lightning rod, bifocals, the Franklin stove, a carriage odometer, and the glass 'armonica'. He formed both the first public lending library in America and the first fire department in Pennsylvania. Franklin earned the title of "The First American" for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity; as an author and spokesman in London for sev-eral colonies, then as the first United States Ambassador to France, he exempli-fied the emerging American nation. Franklin was foundational in defining the American ethos as a marriage of the practical and democratic values of thrift, hard work, education, community spirit, self-governing institutions, and opposi-tion to authoritarianism both political and religious, with the scientific and toler-ant values of the Enlightenment. In the words of historian Henry Steele Com-mager, "In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its de-fects, the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat."To Walter Isaacson, this makes Franklin "the most accomplished American of his age and the most in-fluential in inventing the type of society America would become."Franklin, always proud of his working class roots, became a successful newspa-per editor and printer in Philadelphia, the leading city in the colonies. He was also partners with William Goddard and Joseph Galloway the three of whom published the Pennsylvania Chronicle, a newspaper that was known for its revo-lutionary sentiments and criticisms of the British monarchy in the American col-onies.He became wealthy publishing Poor Richard's Almanack and The Pennsyl-vania Gazette. Franklin gained international renown as a scientist for his famous experiments in electricity and for his many inventions, especially the lightning rod. He played a major role in establishing the University of Pennsylvania and was elected the first president of the American Philosophical Society. Franklin became a national hero in America when he spearheaded the effort to have Par-liament repeal the unpopular Stamp Act. An accomplished diplomat, he was widely admired among the French as American minister to Paris and was a ma-jor figure in the development of positive Franco-American relations. For many years he was the British postmaster for the colonies, which enabled him to set up the first national communications network. He was active in community affairs, colonial and state politics, as well as national and international affairs. From 1785 to 1788, he served as governor of Pennsylvania. Toward the end of his life, he freed his slaves and became one of the most prominent abolitionists.His colorful life and legacy of scientific and political achievement, and status as one of America's most influential Founding Fathers, have seen Franklin honored on coinage and money; warships; the names of many towns, counties, educa-tional institutions, namesakes, and companies; and more than two centuries af-ter his death, countless cultural references.Book reportFranklin was not in favorable growth environment, and it should be a relatively plain appearance. In 1706 he was in North America, the home of 17 children. His father is involved in wax and soap as a small businessman, Franklin entered the school for about two years before dropping out of school because of family dis-tress. Then he went to work as an apprentice in his brother’s shop, the apprentice days was very difficult, but he did a good use of the apprenticeship leisure time to study hard, and read a lot of books in politics, science, history and literature. He was also proficient in the use of French, Italian, Spanish and Latin.In 1726 Franklin manages a printing factory, it was a great success which created a legend of the American dream, and he printed a huge impact “Pennsylvania”. He invented the lightning rod, dual-purpose glasses, new stove and new lights. He pi-oneered the North American colonies the slogan that is “not join the death”and drafted out the drafting of “Declaration of Independence”published in 1771 which changed the fate of countless people, and this book gave a description of its pro-cess of growth and exhorted the people to be positive.(换ppt)There are a lot of Proverbs in this book that Franklin felt in his life, reading this book is not only to feel the sentiment, but also to combine their training and hu-manity and then to improve ourselves, the book describes each chapter are a true portrayal of his life and tell us how to get all the perception which inspired me very much.In his view, reading is the key to success. Books give us wisdom, strengthen our determination and let us have the wisdom of the trip of our life.Franklin attaches great importance to his virtue. Therefore, he proposed to 13 re-quirements for himself namely: control, quiet, orderly life, determination, frugal-ity, diligence, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity and humility. He has been trying to do that, though he cannot completely meet all the requirements, but he was persistent. The people who can meet the 13 require-ments can be called “saints”of the fact that people are rarely perfect, but it can pursue such a perfect people in the United States and Germany who have achieved great success.Franklin was revered as the father of America for his impressive image that can maintain a frugal life style of work for the public welfare and make immortal con-tributions, compared to the majority of people we can knew how impetuous we are.(huan)In this clear, crisply written story of his life, Benjamin Franklin shows the reader what his childhood was like and what he came to value as meaningful and worth-while techniques of communication, conduct, and self-improvement. A conscien-tious and serious youth, Franklin nevertheless left his boyhood town because he had impregnated a young lady. This early act of responsibility led him to pursue work that led him, in the coming years of the American Revolution, to be a strong advocate of political independence, even at the cost of war. Franklin became as fine a statesman as ever the United States was to produce. One of the country's founding fathers and a tireless champion of individual liberty, he also served as the American ambassador to France. He tells of how he learned the printing trade and how he established "Poor Richard's Almanac." He also shares with hisreaders his hopes for the free country that he helped to bring into being. The reader cannot help but admire this brilliant and brave founding father, as much for his humility as for his services to his country and its future citizens. (huan)名言Silence is not always a sign of wisdom, but babbling is ever a folly.沉默并不是智慧的标志，但唠叨永远是一项蠢行。

4
人物简介
他对科学的贡献不仅在静电学方面，他研究范围极广。在数学上，他 创造了8次和16次幻方，这两个幻方性质特殊，变化复杂，至今仍为 学者称道。热学方面，他改良了取暖的炉子，能够节省四分之三的燃 料。光学方面，他发明了老年人用的双焦距眼镜，即能看清楚近处又 能看清楚远处的事物。他先后掌握了法文，意大利文，西班牙文及拉 丁文。他是美国第一位学者，第一位哲学家，第一位驻外大使。他发 明了口琴，摇椅，路灯，避雷针。发现了墨西哥湾的海流。四次当选 宾夕法尼亚州州长。制定了新闻传播法。最先绘制暴风雨推移图。发 现人们呼出气体的有害性。最先解释清楚北极光。被称为近代牙科医 术之父。最先组织了消防厅。创立了美国民主党。创立了近代的邮信 制度。创立了议员的近代选举法。发现了感冒的原因。发明了颗粒肥 料。设计出夏天穿的白色亚麻服装，设计了最早的游泳眼镜和蛙蹼。 此外，他对气象、地质、声学及海洋航行等方面都有研究，并取得了 不少成就。 1790年4月17日夜里11点，富兰克林的溘然逝去。他 的墓碑上刻着“印刷工富兰克林”......
3
人物简介
本杰明·富兰克林是美国历史上第一位享有国际声誉的 科学家发明家和音乐家。为了对电进行探索曾经作过著名 的“风筝实验”，在电学上成就显著，为了深入探讨电运 动的规律，创造的许多专用名词如正电、负电、导电体、 电池、充电、放电等成为世界通用的词汇。他借用了数学 上正负的概念，第一个科学地用正电、负电概念表示电荷 性质。并提出了电荷不能创生、也不能消灭的思想，后人 在此基础上发现了电荷守恒定律。他最先提出了避雷针的 设想，由此而制造的避雷针，避免了雷击灾难，破除了人 们对雷电的迷信。 他是一位优秀的政治家，是美国 独立战争的老战士。他参加起草了《独立宣言》和美国宪 法，积极主张废除奴隶制度，深受美国人民的崇敬。他是 美国第一位驻外大使(法国),所以富兰克林及其他的著作 (20张)在世界上也享有较高的声誉。

费城爱国者本杰明富兰克林本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）是美国历史上一位伟大而多才多艺的人物，他是美国的一位政治家、科学家、发明家和作家。

他被誉为费城爱国者，因为他在费城做出了许多对美国独立具有重大影响的贡献。

本文将介绍富兰克林的背景、他在美国独立运动中的作用，以及他的一些重要的发明。

富兰克林于1706年出生在美国马萨诸塞州的波士顿，是较大家庭的最小孩子。

由于家庭贫困，他没有接受过正规的教育，但他热爱学习，并通过自学成为一位卓越的知识分子。

他对科学和实验有着浓厚的兴趣，特别是在电学领域做出了重要贡献。

在富兰克林的生命中，他最为人所知的是他在美国独立运动中的作用。

富兰克林是费城独立宣言的起草人之一，这个宣言成为美国历史上的重要里程碑。

他也是美国宪法的起草人之一，并在宪法签署仪式上发表了著名的演讲。

他在政治上的智慧和才华使他成为当时美国独立运动的核心人物之一。

富兰克林还是一位备受尊敬的科学家和发明家。

他在电学领域的实验不仅使他成为电学创始人之一，还对现代电力系统的发展产生了重要影响。

他还设计了闪电罩，用于保护建筑物免受闪电侵袭。

此外，他还发明了富兰克林炉、玻璃配方和刀具等实用工具。

除了在政治和科学技术领域的成就外，富兰克林还是一位出色的作家和记者。

他出版了《贫农的谈话》（Poor Richard's Almanack）等多本畅销书籍，其中包含了许多他的智慧和幽默。

他的作品给予了当时美国社会的启示，使他成为了美国文化的标志人物之一。

总的来说，本杰明·富兰克林是一位与美国独立运动密切相关的费城爱国者。

他在政治、科学、发明和文化上的成就为美国的独立和国家建设作出了重要贡献。

他的生平事迹激励着后来的一代美国人，并成为美国历史上的传奇人物之一。

富兰克林一生致力于追求知识和进步。

他在自学中获得了丰富的知识，并通过实践和实验做出了许多伟大的发现和发明。

他的成就不仅影响了当时的美国社会，也对世界产生了积极的影响。

本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）(1706.1.17—1790.4.17)是18世纪美国的实业家、科学家、社会活动家、思想家和外交家。

他是美国历史上第一位享有国际声誉的科学家和发明家。

为了对电进行探索曾经作过著名的“风筝实验”，在电学上成就显著，为了深入探讨电运动的规律，创造的许多专用名词如正电、负电、导电体、电池、充电、放电等成为世界通用的词汇。

他借用了数学上正负的概念，第一个科学地用正电、负电概念表示电荷性质。

并提出了电荷不能创生、也不能消灭的思想，后人在此基础上发现了电荷守恒定律。

他最先提出了避雷针的设想，由此而制造的避雷针，避免了雷击灾难，破除了迷信。

他是一位优秀的政治家，是美国独立战争的老战士。

他参加起草了《独立宣言》和美国宪法，积极主张废除奴隶制度，深受美国人民的崇敬。

他是美国第一位法国驻外大使,所以在世界上也享有较高的声誉。

1平庸的人最大缺点是常常觉得自己比别人高明。

2懒惰，像生锈一样，比操劳更能消耗身体，经常用的钥匙总是亮闪闪的。

3命运的变化犹如月之圆缺，对智者无妨害。

4我未曾见过一个早起、勤奋、谨慎、诚实的人抱怨命运不好；良好的品格，优良的习惯，坚强的意志，是不会被假设所谓的命运击败的。

5失足可以很快弥补，失言却可能永远无法补救。

6傻瓜的心在嘴里，聪明人的嘴在心里。

7 骄傲者憎恨他人骄傲。

8最难抑制的情感是骄傲，尽管你设法掩饰，竭力与之斗争，它仍然存在。

即使我敢相信已将它完全克服，我很可能又因自己的谦逊而感到骄傲。

9缺少谦虚就是缺少见识。

10虚荣是骄傲的食物，轻蔑是它的饮料。

11没有任何动物比蚂蚁更勤奋，然而它却最沉默寡言。

12骄傲道德导致丰盈，然后导致贫困，最后导致声誉扫地。

13绝望毁掉了一些人，而傲慢则毁掉了许多人。

14恶习知道自己委实很丑陋，所以往往戴了假面具。

15心胸开阔：不要为令人不快的区区琐事而心烦意乱，悲观失望。

16良好的态度对于事业与社会的关系，正如机油对于机器一样重要。

+ Franklin wrote many things during his lifetime:
articles for his newspaper, the Pennsylvania Gazette（宾夕法尼亚公报）, letters about his life (later published as his Autobiography), letters on an amazingly wide range of subjects, including politics, science, libraries, even fire stations. + Sometimes he was humorous, but he always followed his own rule for writing: make it "smooth, clear and short."
品质：
节制（restrained）、沉默(silent)、 秩序(plan)、意志(strong-willed)、 节俭(thrifty)、产出(effective)、诚 恳(sincere)、公平(fair)、中道()整 洁(tidiness)、平静(calm)、洁身 (integrity)、谦逊(modest)
Nation:
1.He developed and improved the postal system , making it run at a profit after years of losses.(邮政系统) . 2.He supported and aided Jefferson in writing the Declaration of Independence(独立宣言). 3.He conducted the difficult negotiations with France that support for America in the war. 4.He was a delegate to the Convention that wrote the Constitution.