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1.fundamental2.astronomy n . 天文学3.crash vi .& vt . 碰撞；坠落4.system n . 系统；体系；制度5.theory n . 学说；理论6.atmosphere n . 大气层；气氛7.thus adv . 因此；于是8.pull n ．&vt . 拉(力)；拖；牵引力9.float vi .&vt . (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n . 漂浮物10.harmful adj .有害的→harm n ．害处vt .对……有害11.violent adj .猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n ．暴力→violently adv .猛烈地；激烈地12.puzzle vt .&vi .(使)迷惑；(使)为难n ．谜；难题→puzzling adj .令人迷惑的→puzzled adj .迷惑不解的13.unlike prep .不同；不像→like (反义词)prep .像→dislike v ．& n ．不喜欢14.exist vi .存在；生存→existence n ．存在15.globe n ．球体；地球仪；地球→globaladj .全球性的；全世界的16.religion n ．宗教；宗教信仰1. (like) most people in the office who come to work by car, I usually come to work by bus.2.We live in a (globe) village, but this doesn ’t mean that we all behave in the same way.3.Do you believe the of ghosts? Perhaps they only ____ in the minds of some people.(exist)st night we had a discussion, which became more and more . Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use whatever happens.(violent)5.There was a look on the little girl ’s face because a ________problem her.(puzzle)6.Playing computer games will not only do to your physical health, but it is also ________ to your mental health.So there is no in 1.与“太空”有关的高频单词集锦 ①astronomy n ． 天文学 ②astronaut n . 宇航员 ③gravity n . 万有引力 ④satellite n . 卫星 ⑤orbit n . 轨道 ⑥spaceship n . 宇宙飞船 ⑦universe n . 宇宙 ⑧launch vt . 发射 2.各种“碰撞”聚焦 ①crash v ． 碰撞；坠落 ②bump n ．&v . 撞；碰撞(声) ③collide v . 碰撞；相撞 ④collision n . 撞击；碰撞 ⑤run into 撞上⑥knock into 撞上 3.un-前缀高频形容词全接触 ①unlike 不像的 ②unable 不能……的 ③unacceptable 不能接受的 ④unbelievable 不可相信的 ⑤uncertain 不确定的 ⑥unclear 不清楚的 ⑦uncomfortable 不舒服的 ⑧unfair 不公平的 1.in_time 及时；终于y_eggs 下蛋3.give_birth_to 产生；分娩4.in_one ’s_turn 轮到某人；接着5.watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防6.cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋7.depend_on 依靠；取决于8.break_out 突发；爆发9.prevent_..._from 阻止；制止10.block_out 挡住(光线)11.get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解12.now_that 既然1.Do remember to watch_out_for cars while crossing the street.2.Cheer_up! You must believe in yourself and you will get success.3.Please tell me when Mr.Smith is arriving at the train station so that I can pick him up in_time.4.At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which broke_out at ten this morning.5.You ’ve made me suffer in the past, so now you, in_your_turn,_suffer 1.表达“小心；当心”的高频短语荟萃 ①watch out (for) 小心；当心(……) ②look out 当心 ③take care 小心 ④be careful 小心 2.“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的多种表达 (1)阻止某人做某事 ①prevent sb. from doing sth. ②stop sb. from doing sth. ③keep sb. from doing sth. (2)禁止某人做某事 ④prohibit sb. from doing sth. ⑤ban sb. from doing sth. ⑥forbid sb. from doing sth.1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。
必修四Unit4 知识点笔记和练习一、复习such 和so 的语序句型：such + ______________ so + ________________________________ _____________________________ __________________答案：such + a+ (adj)+ n.so + a dj. / adv.(adj.)+ ns adj. + a + n.(adj.) + <u>n. many/ much/ few/ little + ns/ <u>n.小练习：1. He was________excited that he couldn't get sleep.2. This teacher is_________ kind that we all like him.3.There is ________ much food in the refrigerator that we don’t need to buy anything.4. He ran____________quickly that I couldn't catch up with him.5. This is____________interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it.6.This is____________ interesting book that we all enjoy reading it.7. They are__________interesting books that we all enjoy reading them.8. He has_________many books that I can't count them.9. This is_________ a funny story that we all enjoy listening to it.10. There was ________ much food that we couldn't eat it all.11. I have________ little money that I cannot afford a car.12. He is ________ a good student that we all like him.13. He is ________ good a student that we all like him.14. It was ________bad weather that he had to stay at home.答案：1. so 2. so 3 so 4 so 5 so 6 so 7 such 8 so 9 such 10 so 11 so 12 such 13 so 14 such二、复习名词性从句：1.做题步骤：（）划出：_____________________; 划出_____________;查看，如果缺少主，宾，表，或者谁的，在引导_______词里面选：who: whoever:whom: whomever:what: whatever:which: whichever:whose:查看，如果不缺少主，宾，表，或者谁的，在引导_______词或者引导________词里面选：where whereverwhen wheneverwhyhowas if/thoughweather/ if（少用)becausethat答案：1.做题步骤：（）划出：_从句_; 划出_从句中的谓语动词;查看，如果缺少主，宾，表，或者谁的，在引导代_词里面选：who: 指人（作主语）whoever: 无论任何人whom: 指人（作宾语）whomever: 无论任何人what: 东西whatever:无论任何东西which: 东西（有范围）whichever: 无论任何东西（有范围）whose: ……的查看，如果不缺少主，宾，表，或者谁的，在引导__副__词或者引导__连_词里面选：where 的地方wherever：无论．．．的地方when 的时间whenever：无论…的时间why 的原因how 的方式as if/though 好像whether/ if（少用) 是否because 因为that 无语意，只连接2.有用的小公式：1)和doubt 相关的从句，肯定句中，用_________引导；否定句中，用________引导。
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Unit 4 Astronomy： the science of the stars 单元要点预览语言要点Ⅰ。
词语辨析1. system n.［c］系统；体系；制度；方法 systematic adj 有系统的; 有条理的[典例]1）. The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets. 太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。
2)。
Alcohol is bad for your system。
喝酒对身体有害。
［练习］根据句子的意思完成句子。
1)。
The ______ ______ （教育系统） operates very differently in the US and China.2）。
He introduced us a well-designed ______ ______ (铁路系统）.2. lay vt。
(laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺（地毯） ;产（蛋）[典例］1)。
He laid his hand on my shoulder。
他把手放在我的肩上。
2）. Who should we lay the blame on? 我们该责备谁?[重点用法] lay短语：lay eggs 下蛋lay sth。
考点分布备考指南1.重点单词的识记、理解、固定搭配。
词汇的理解和记忆不是孤立的，需要结合具体的句子和语境进行准确理解，掌握其基本用法和固定搭配。
同时要对所学单词进行多方面的应用，及时复习巩固。
2.词性转化、固定搭配在语法填空、短文改错中的考查。
3.写作经典句式的应用。
在理解的基础上背诵写作经典句式，并多加练习，以达到熟练掌握和灵活运用的目的。
astronomy [əˈstrɔnəmi]n.天文学△astronomer n.天文学家△solar [ˈsəulə]adj.太阳的；日光的system [ˈsistəm] n.系统；体系；制度solar system 太阳系religion [riˈlidʒən]n.宗教；宗教信仰theory [ˈθiəri]n.学说；理论△Big Bang 宇宙大爆炸；创世大爆炸atom [ˈætəm]n.原子billion [ˈbiljən] pron. & n. & adj.<英>万亿；<美>十亿globe [gləub] n.球体；地球仪；地球△global [ˈgləubəl]adj.全球性的；全世界的violent [ˈvaiələnt]adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的in time 及时；终于carbon [ˈkɑ:bən]n.碳△nitrogen [ˈnaitrədʒən]n.氮△vapour [ˈveipə]n.蒸气；水蒸气atmosphere [ˈætməsfiə]n.大气层；气氛unlike [ˌʌnˈlaik]prep.不同；不像fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈmentl]adj.基本的；基础的△presence [ˈprezəns] n.出席；到场；存在△dissolve [diˈzɔlv]vt. & vi.溶解；解散harmful [ˈhɑ:mful]adj.有害的专题解读知识清单词汇学习与应用必修三Unit4单词表acid [ˈæsid] n.酸chain [ˈtʃein] n.链子；连锁；锁链△reaction [riˈækʃən]n.反应；回应multiply [ˈmʌltiplai]vi. & vt.乘；增加oxygen [ˈɔksidʒən]n.氧△shellfish ['ʃelfiʃ]n.水生有壳动物△amphibian [æmˈfibiən]n.两栖动物△reptile [ˈreptail]n.爬行动物；爬虫lay eggs 下蛋△dinosaur [ˈdainəsɔ:]n.恐龙exist [igˈzist]vi.存在；生存△mammal [ˈmæməl]n.哺乳动物give birth to产生；分娩thus [ðʌs] adv.因此；于是in one’s turn轮到某人；接着dioxide [daiˈɔksaid]n.二氧化物carbon dioxide 二氧化碳prevent ... from阻止；制止puzzle [ˈpʌzl]n.谜；难题vt. & vi.（使）迷惑；（使）为难biology [baiˈɔlədʒi]n.生物学biologist [ˌbaiəˈlɔdʒikəl]n.生物学家gravity [ˈgræviti]n.万有引力；重力satellite [ˈsætəlait]n.卫星；人造卫星gentle [ˈdʒentl]adj.温和的；文雅的△geologist [dʒi'ɔlədʒist]n.地质学家physicist [ˈfizisist]n.物理学家block out 挡住（光线）△extinct [ikˈstiŋkt]adj.灭绝的；绝种的climate [ˈklaimit]n.气候△comet [ˈkɔmit]n.慧星crash [kræʃ]vi. & vt.碰撞；坠落△Isaac Newton 艾萨克·牛顿（英国科学家）△Albert Einstein 艾伯特·爱因斯坦（德裔美国科学家）△Stephen Hawking 斯蒂芬·霍金（英国科学家）spaceship [ˈspeisˌʃip]n.宇宙飞船pull [pul]n. & vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力△lessen [ˈlesən]vi. & vt.减少；减轻cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋float [fləut]vi. & vt.（使）浮动；（使）漂浮n. 漂浮物△weightlessly ['weitlis]adv.失重地△cabin [ˈkæbin]n.小屋；船舱mass [mæs]n.质量；团；块；大量；<复>群众now that既然△get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解break out突发；爆发△exhaust [igˈzɔ:st]vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽watch out密切注视；当心；提防项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1.astronomy n.天文学→astronomer n.天文学家2.system n.系统；体系；制度3.theory n.学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论上的4.globe n.球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的5.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n.暴力→violently adv.猛烈地6.atmosphere n.大气层；气氛7.unlike prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜欢8.presence n.出席；到场；存在→present adj. n. v.在场的；目前，现在；出席；颁发，授予9.harmful adj.有害的；伤害的→harm n.危害，害处→harmless adj.无害的10.exist vi.存在，生存→existence n.存在，生存11.puzzle n.谜；难题vt. vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的12.gravity n.万有引力；重力13.satellite n.卫星；人造卫星14.climate n.气候15.spaceship n.宇宙飞船16.pull n. vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力17.float vi. vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物18.mass n.质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众重点短语1.in time及时；终于y eggs 下蛋3.give birth to 产生；分娩4.in on e’s turn 轮到某人；接着5.prevent...from 阻止；制止6.block out 挡住(光线)7.cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋8.now that 既然单元知识预览9.break out 突发；爆发10.watch out 密切注视；当心；提防11.cool down 冷却12.as well as 也；还有……13.depend on 依靠；依赖，取决于14.get close to 靠近1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.这就形成一个连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration重点知识归纳单选题1、【2018·北京】During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A．shareB．to shareC．having sharedD．shared答案：B考查非谓语动词。
句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。
gather是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。
点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。
动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。
2、Walk along this road for 100 meters ________ you’ll see the hospital.A．orB．otherwiseC．andD．or else答案：C考查连词词义辨析。
句意：沿着这条街走100米，然后你就会看到医院。
A. or或者；B. otherwise否则；C. and然后、和；D. or else否则。
“祈使句+and/or+简单句”为固定句型，此处应填and表示“然后”。
故选C项。
3、Come to Dolly wood ________learning all about America’s historical southeastern culture !A．have funB．to have funC．having funD．had fun答案：B考查非谓语动词。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration重点知识点大全单选题1、Each one of us are highly recommended to ________ oil and gas by taking advantage of the renewable energy s ources.A．dismissB．concentrateC．possessD．conserve答案：D考查动词词义辨析。
句意：我们每个人都被强烈建议通过使用可再生能源来节约石油和天然气。
A. dismiss解雇；B. concentrate集中注意力；C. possess拥有；D. conserve节约，保护。
根据句意及常识可知，人们通过使用可再生资源，以到达节约石油和天然气的目的。
conserve意为“节约”符合题意。
故选D项。
2、China is fully capable to supply the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines; in other words, China has a/an ________ raw material supply. A．optionalB．vitalC．instantD．sufficient答案：D考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：中国完全有能力提供生产COVID-19疫苗所需的原材料；换句话说，中国有充足的原料供应。
A. optional可选择的；选修的；B. vital至关重要的；必不可少的；C. instant立刻的；马上的；D. sufficient足够的；充足的。
根据前文“China is fully capable to supply the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines(中国完全有能力提供生产新冠肺炎疫苗所需的原材料)”语境可知，中国在新冠疫苗原材料方面原料充足。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识点归纳总结(精华版) 单选题1、— I have heard that Cao Wenxuan had won the Hans Christian Anderson prize.— Great! His books always bring me to places I might not _______ have been either in thoughts or reality. A．regardlessB．otherwiseC．thereforeD．anyhow答案：B考查副词词义辨析。
句意：——我听说曹文轩获得了汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安德森奖。
——太好了！他的书总是把我带到一些地方，否则我可能无论是在思想上还是在现实中都不会到达的地方。
A. regardless不管； B. otherwise否则；C. therefore因此；D. anyhow不管怎样。
结合句中“either in thoughts or reality”可知，此处指在思想和现实中我都不会去到的地方，但他的书可以把我带着去这些地方。
故选B。
2、The difficult exercise was ________ the abilities of most of the class, making us upset. A．beyondB．besidesC．behindD．below答案：A考查介词词义辨析。
句意：这个困难的练习超出了班上大多数人的能力，这使我们很沮丧。
A. beyond超过，在……较远的一边；B. besides除……之外（还）；C. behind在……后面，落后；D. below在……下面，低于。
据句意和所给部分可知这里使用介词beyond意为“超出”，beyond the abilities of 意为“超出……能力”符合题意。
.Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the starsⅠ .单词—在语境中默写，在联想中积累[写得准 ][用得活 ]用所给词的适当形式填空1.fundamentaladj .1.(like) most people基本的； 基office who cometo础的in thework by car, I usually come2.astronomyn .天文学3.crash vi .& vt . to work by bus.碰撞；坠落 livein a4.system n . 2.We系统；体系；制度 village,butthis5.theory n . (globe)学说；理论 ’t mean that we all6.atmospheredoesnn . 大气层；气氛7.thus adv .behave in the same way.因此；于是you believethe 8.pull n ．& vt . 3.Do 拉 (力 ) ；拖；牵引力Perhapsthey9.float vi .& vt . of ghosts? (使 )浮动； (使 )漂浮____ in the minds ofn . 漂浮物onlysome people.(exist)10.harmfuladj . 有 害 的 →harmnightwehad an ．害处 vt .对 有害stdiscussion, whichbecame 11.violentadj .猛烈的；激烈的；强. Finally暴的→ violencemore and moren ．暴力→ violentlyan agreementadv .猛烈地；激烈地we reached thatwe willneveruse12.puzzlevt .& vi .(使 )迷惑；(使 )为难n ．谜；难题→ puzzlingwhatever happens.(violent)adj .令人迷was alook5.There惑的→ puzzled adj .迷惑不解的little girl ’ s face13.unlikeon theprep .不同；不像→ like ( 反a义词 ) prep .像→ dislike becausev ． & n ．不喜欢________problemher.(puzzle)14.existvi .存在；生存→ existencen ．存在6.Playing computer gameswill not only doto15.globen ．球体；地球仪；地球→globalyour physical health, but itadj .全球性的；全世界的________ to your16.religionis alson ． 宗 教 ； 宗 教 信 仰→religious adj .宗教的mental health.So there is noin advising you togive it up.(harm)[积得多 ]1. 与“太空”有关的高频单词集锦① astronomy n ．天文学② astronaut n . 宇航员③ gravity n . 万有引力④ satellite n . 卫星⑤ orbit n . 轨道⑥ spaceship n . 宇宙飞船⑦ universe n . 宇宙⑧ launch vt . 发射2.各种“碰撞”聚焦 ① crash v ． 碰撞；坠落② bump n ． & v . 撞；碰撞 (声 )③ collide v . 碰撞；相撞④ collision n . 撞击；碰撞⑤ run into撞上 ⑥ knock into 撞上3.un-前缀高频形容词全接触① unlike 不像的② unable不能 的③ unacceptable 不能接受的④ unbelievable 不可相信的⑤ uncertain 不确定的 ⑥ unclear不清楚的⑦ uncomfortable 不舒服的⑧ unfair 不公平的Ⅱ .短语—在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多[写得准 ][用得活 ][积得多 ].y_eggs 下蛋 1.Do remember to 短语荟萃3.give_birth_to 产生；分娩 watch_out_forcars while① watch out (for) 小心；当4.in_one ’s_turn 轮到某人； crossing the street.心( )接着2.Cheer_up!Youmust ② look out 当心 5.watch_out_for 密 切 注 believe in yourself and you③ take care 小心意；当心；提防will get success.④ be careful小心6.cheer_up 感到高兴； 感到 3.Pleasetell mewhen2. “阻止/ 禁止某人做某事” 振奋Mr.Smith is arriving atthe的多种表达7.depend_on 依靠；取决于 train station so that I can(1) 阻止某人做某事8.break_out突发；爆发pick him up in_time.① prevent sb. from doing 9.prevent_..._from 阻止；制 4.At last the firefighters putsth.止outthefirein the ② stop sb. from doing sth. 10.block_out挡住 (光线 ) supermarket,which③ keep sb. from doing sth. 11.get_the_hang_of 熟悉； broke_out attenthis(2) 禁止某人做某事掌握；理解morning.④ prohibit sb. from doing 12.now_that既然5.You ’ve made me suffer in sth.thepast,sonowyou, ⑤ ban sb. from doing sth. in_your_turn,_suffer ⑥ forbid sb. fromdoingagain ！sth.Ⅲ .句式—在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通[背原句 ][记句式 ][会仿用 ]1.This produced a chain reaction,这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到一份好工作。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4全解（含练习和答案）常考单词、高频短语和写作句式Ⅰ. 常考单词必背1．harmful adj. 有害的It's harmful to your eyes to read books in the bus.在公共汽车上看书对你的眼睛有害。
[快速闪记](1)be harmful to... 对……有害(2)harmless adj. 无害的harm n. 损害；伤害v. 对……有害；伤害；损害2．exist vi. 存在；生存Nothing exists on the moon as there is no water and no air.月球上没有东西生存，因为那里没有水和空气。
[快速闪记](1)exist in 存在于exist on 靠……生存There exist(s)/existed... 某地有/存在……(2)existence n. 存在；生存3．puzzle n. 谜；难题vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling math problem.她困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考那个令人困惑的数学问题。
[快速闪记](1)be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的4．pull n. &vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力She pulled his sleeve to get his attention.她拉拉他的袖子以引起他的注意。
[快速闪记]pull down 摧毁、推翻、拆除pull in 进站停靠；驶向路边(或某处)停靠pull out 离站；(使)摆脱困境pull through 恢复健康；渡过危机5．mass n. 质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众I have masses of work to do.我有大量工作要做。
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识点归纳超级精简版单选题1、She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years. A．popped upB．carried onC．set outD．turned over答案：A考查动词短语词义辨析。
句意：当她哥哥突然出现在门口时，她感到非常惊讶，她已经多年没见到他了。
A. popped up突然出现；B. carried on 继续；C. set out出发；D. turned over反复考虑。
根据空后的“whom she hadn’t seen for years”可知她已经好多年没见到她的哥哥了，说明她惊讶的原因就是又见到她哥哥了。
故选A。
2、The branch of olive is the ________ of peace.A．symbolB．signC．signalD．mark答案：A考查名词词义辨析。
句意：橄榄枝是和平的象征。
A. symbol象征；B. sign招牌，迹象；C. signal信号；D. mark符号，记号。
结合常识可知，橄榄枝是和平的象征，symbol符合题意。
故选A。
3、He never complains about the difficulties he has in life. ________, he always has ways to overcome them. A．HoweverB．OtherwiseC．InsteadD．Therefore答案：C考查副词词义辨析。
句意：他从不抱怨生活中的困难。
相反，他总是有办法克服它们。
A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Instead相反；D. Therefore因此。
根据句中complains和overcome可知，此处表达的是“相反”关系。
Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the starsⅡ.短语—在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多Ⅲ.句式—在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通when I tried to step forward, I found Iwas carried twice as far as on the earthand fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
“...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ...”是倍数表达法之一，意为“……是……的多少倍”。
杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。
Jessica devotedthree_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as she did before, so I believe she willsucceed this time.3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking doesneed a bit of practice now that gravityhas changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。
既然它对我们的好处如此多，为什么不试一试呢Now_that_it_benefits_us so much,why not have a try第一板块核心单词归纳集释1．harmful adj.有害的[经典例句]Experts point out that fruit juices can be harmful to children’s teeth.专家指出果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。
①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very(harm) to their health.有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。
2．exist vi.存在；生存[教材原句]They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.它们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。
(1)There exists ... 某地有……；存在……(2)existence n. 存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在①There_exists a generation gap between the young and the old.青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。
②You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he’s earning.你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。
③Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into (exist)．关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种观点。
[名师指津]exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
3．puzzle vt.使迷惑；使为难n．谜；难题；(游戏的)猜谜[教材原句]How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。
丢失的男孩去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。
③His last paintings are perhaps the most ,_which even all the artists.(puzzle)他最后的一批画作也许是最让人困惑的，这些画作甚至使所有的艺术家们都非常困惑。
[单词集成训练]Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空①I can say that it is the most (violence) film that I have ever seen.②The festival of this year has been a great success, (like) the year before when it rained non-stop.③The conversation was carried on a harmonious and friendly atmosphere.④As the old saying goes, it is easier to pull than to build up.⑤Her (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn’t understand what I said.⑥The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and crashed a truck.Ⅱ.重难点多练1．exist全方位(1)单句语法填空①There (exist) a good way to solve the (exist) problem at present.③As is known to us, the Republic of China came into (exist) as an independent country in 1949.2．harmful面面观(1)用所给词的适当形式填空①As we all know, a bad eating habit is (harm) to one’s health.②As far as I’m concerned, there is no (harmful) in making an apology to him first.第二板块| 短语句型归纳集释英语中常见的倍数表达法有：A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as BA＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than BA＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词size/weight/length ...＋of BA＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”。
①The red ruler is three times as (long) as the yellow one.＝The red ruler is three times longer (long) than the yellow one.＝The red ruler is three times the (long) of the yellow one.这个红尺子是黄尺子的三倍长。
5．“Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now_that_gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”以省略。
[短语句型集成训练]Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空①Though injured seriously, he tried to cheer ,_hoping to make his parents less worried.②The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other.③was needed at that time, she told me, was some good luck.④Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week its turn.⑤I had meant to call you, but was prevented doing so.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．I could feel the wind (gentle) blowing through my hair, it was a warm summer breeze.2．Watch out sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.3．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times (big) than the present one.4．As we know, getting angry not only does harm one’s health but also has a bad effect the relationship between people.5．It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe in yourself.6．He failed the exam and I didn’t know how to cheer him .7．After several years of practice, I think I will finally get the hang spoken English.8．All theories come from practice and turn serve practice.9．Sometimes he found very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.10．There were many fish (float) in the river because of the serious pollution.Ⅱ.单句改错1．There is so much rain on the island that its annual rainfall reaches as many as sixty inches.2．You’ll succeed on time because you are always working hard.3．Do you know when the Marriage Law came into an existence4．We recognized the possibility and took steps to prevent it happened.5．The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere that his employees enjoy their work.6．The twin brothers stood under the tree, puzzling and saying nothing.练(一)英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度Ⅰ.完形填空The other day I was having a meal in an Italian restaurant when I got a phone call from a long lost friend. In my excitement I talked slightly __1__ than usual and in Spanish, my mother tongue. A few minutes into the __2__ the lady sitting at the table beside mine got up, seemingly __3__，and asked the restaurant staff to find for her another __4__ as far away as possible from me. I __5__ in my seat out of embarrassment, feeling the __6__ to go over and apologize.I looked around and __7__ the lady was alone and staring out the window at the table furthest away from me. I was about to stand up when it hit me that she might prefer not to be __8__. Right then I __9__ my plans for a conventional apology and decided to conduct an experiment. Seeing those __10__ smile cards in my wallet I took one out. On signing my restaurant check I asked my waiter to __11__ charge the lady’s meal to my credit card and __12__ her a smile card instead of her bill.When I was __13__ I told the staff I would be back in a few hours to pick up my credit card and close the bill. I returned later as I promised, excited to learn the __14__ of the experiment. To my pleasant surprise, things __15__ the best possible way. The restaurant staff happily approached me, telling me that in the many times she had had dinner there before __16__ had they seen the old lady smile and laugh like she did __17__ receiving the smile card and the D|S0__18__. She thanked the staff __19__ they explained that someone else did the job.To top it off, the staff asked me about the smile cards so as to conduct their own __20__. It was an interesting, fun experiment which may hopefully result in many more.1．B．more C．faster D．louder2．B．speech C．quarrel D．saying3．B．worried C．annoyed D．confused4．B．table C．room D．space5．B．lay C．sank D．took6．B．urge C．pity D．mistake7．B．told C．heard D．recognized8．B．watched C．noticed D．disturbed9．B．made C．abandoned D．refused10．B．useless C．expensive D．strange11．B．secretly C．slightly D．freely12．B．buy C．drop D．hand13．B．arriving C．leaving D．walking14．B．effects C．rules D．situations15．out B．turned out C．went out D．figured out16．B．even C．still D．never17．B．to C．at D．with18．B．note C．check D．expense19．B．because C．as though D．even though20．B．experiments C．businesses D．restaurantsⅡ.语法填空What should you do if you are not able to sleep The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. __1__ you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this sets a __2__ (health) rhythm in your life. Don’t drink caffeine drinks in the evening. Smoking and alcohol can also keep you awake. You may have trouble __3__ (sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed.You may also find it difficult __4__ (get) to sleep if you have a problem or something else on your mind. This is __5__ you need to relax. As you lie in bed, tense the muscles in your feet and then relax __6__. Continue up the body, tensing and relaxing the muscles until you reach thehead. Start with the feet again if you are still tense. If you __7__ (think) about a problem or about something exciting that is going to happen the next day, get up and write about it. That will help to take it off your mind. You can also get up and read, but be sure to choose __8__ book that is not too difficult. __9__，you may get so interested that you won’t want to go to sleep even when you feel sleepy. Sleep well! Sweet __10__ (dream)!练(二)第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范Ⅰ.语法填空Most Americans don’t like to get advice from members of their family. They get advice from “strangers”. When they need advice, they __1__ (rare) go to people they know. Instead, many of __2__ write letters to newspapers and magazines __3__ give advice on many different subjects __4__ (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how to buy a house or a car.Most newspapers regularly print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are answers written by people who __5__ (suppose) to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, and others are lawyers or __6__ (educate). Among the writers, two women are famous. __7__ they have no special training for this kind of work, they can give the readers suitable advice because they are rich __8__ life experience and good at communicating with others. A survey was done last year about why people __9__ (turn) to strangers for help and why the two women were well-received. Most people interviewed in __10__ survey said this way could help protect their privacy and the advice from the women was practical and effective.Ⅱ.短文改错Last Saturday, our school had organized an activity to visit the children at a local orphanage. As one of the volunteer, I took part in it. We took many books as well many kinds of school supplies and toys to the children. They were delighting to receive the gifts. In the morning, we played some games with them when we used to play in our childhood. Then we cooked and had lunch here. In the afternoon, we gave them some performances. Before leaving the orphanage, we had photos take with them and gave them our contact details so that they could keep in touch with one another. Each of us had a happily time. We gave the children our care and help, but in return, they gave us their smiles and love.Ⅲ.书面表达近年来，人们对中国传统节日的关注程度日益下降，而洋节日却越来越受到人们的追捧。
