Lehman Brothers

The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_____1_____ by the World Health Organization in 41 years.The heightened alert _____2_____an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_____3_____in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is "_____4_____" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, _____5_____ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _____6_____ of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global_____7_____in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_____8_____healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _____9_____in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade_____10_____warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was _____11_____flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the_____12_____tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U.S., it has_____13_____more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials_____14_____Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began_____15_____orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is ____16_____ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those _____17_____doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not_____18_____for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other _____19_____. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people _____20_____infants and healthy young people.1 [A] criticized [B] appointed [C]commented [D] designated2 [A] proceeded [B] activated [C] followed [D] prompted3 [A] digits [B] numbers [C] amounts [D] sums4 [A] moderate [B] normal [C] unusual [D] extreme5 [A] with [B] in [C] from [D] by6 [A] progress [B] absence [C] presence [D] favor7 [A] reality [B] phenomenon [C] concept [D] notice8. [A]over [B] for [C] among [D] to9 [A] stay up [B] crop up [C] fill up [D] cover up10 [A] as [B] if [C] unless [D] until11 [A] excessive [B] enormous [C] significant [D]magnificent12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns [D] samples13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected [D] infected14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved [D] remained15 [A] placing [B] delivering [C] taking [D] giving16 [A] feasible [B] available [C] reliable [D] applicable17 [A] prevalent [B] principal [C] innovative [D] initial18 [A] presented [B] restricted [C] recommended [D] introduced19 [A] problems [B] issues [C] agonies [D] sufferings20 [A] involved in [B] caring for [C] concerned with [D] warding offSection Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”，at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare Mc Andrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector—for Chinese contemporary art—they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the Second World War. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first halfof 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory” because ____.A. the art market had witnessed a succession of victoriesB. the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC. Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD. it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3)，the author suggests that_____.A. collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC. art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.B. The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C. The market generally went downward in various ways.D. Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A. auction houses ' favoritesB. contemporary trendsC. factors promoting artwork circulationD. styles representing impressionists25. The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A. Fluctuation of Art PricesB. Up-to-date Art AuctionsC. Art Market in DeclineD. Shifted Interest in ArtsI was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room—a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true," he explained. "When I come home from work, I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going, we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed—but onlya few of the men—gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent，that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year —a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me." "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.26. What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A. Talking to them.B. Trusting them.C. Supporting their careers.D. Sharing housework.27. Judging from the context, the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A. generating motivation.B. exerting influenceC. causing damageD. creating pressure28. All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A. men tend to talk more in public than womenB. nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC. women attach much importance to communication between couplesD. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?A. The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.B. Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.C. Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30. In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on ______A. a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC. other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerText 3Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors — habits — among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wantedto learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to — Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever — had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’ lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day — chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins—are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a meal. Then beve rage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” said Carol Berning, a consum er psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’ lives, and it’s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31. According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually C are deeply rooted in history D are basically private concerns32. Bottled water, chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’s habits [B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C] indicate their effect on people’s buying power [D] manifest the significant role of good habits33. Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A]Tide [B] Crest [C] Colgate [D] Unilever34. From the text we know that some of consumer’s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products [B]automatic behavior creation [C]commercial promotions [D]scientific experiments35. T he author’s attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is____[A] indifferent [B] negative [C] positive [D] biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor vs. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36. From the principles of the US jury system, we learn that ______[A]both liberate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service [D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37. The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws [B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures [D]the arrogance common among the Supreme Court justices38. Even in the 1960s, women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties [D]they tended to evade public engagement39. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A] sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B] educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C] jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D] states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40. In discussing the US jury system, the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and development46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability” has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice。

雷曼兄弟公司破产始末雷曼兄弟X公司破产始末由于英国第三大银行巴克莱宣布退出拯救“雷曼兄弟”的行动，15日凌晨，曾为美国第四大投资银行的雷曼兄弟X公司发表声明说，X公司将于当日递交破产保护申请。

消息壹出，美元和美国股指期货齐声下跌，预示当天纽约股市开盘后可能大跌，有分析家甚至形容可能会引发“股市海啸”。

美国政府乃至全球金融界担心，壹旦“雷曼兄弟”遭贱卖，可能在金融界触发多米诺骨牌效应，影响整个经济形势稳定和健康。

走投无路雷曼兄弟X公司董事会在14日苦寻买家未果后做出了申请破产保护决定。

当日，英国第三大银行巴克莱银行在美国政府拒绝提供财政担保后决定退出拯救雷曼兄弟X公司的行动。

大约3小时后，美国银行也宣布退出，转而收购美林X公司。

在政府拒绝救命、收购退路全断之后，雷曼兄弟X公司最终决定，根据美国破产法案第11章申请破产保护。

壹旦申请得到批准，雷曼兄弟控股X公司将在破产法庭监督下走上重组之路。

这也将是垃圾债券专门X公司德崇证券商品X公司1990年破产之后美国金融界最大的壹宗破产案。

根据声明，将于15日上午向纽约南区的美国联邦破产法庭递交破产保护申请的将是雷曼兄弟控股X公司，而不包括旗下金融企业。

包括雷曼兄弟资产管理X公司、运营资产管理和投资咨询的纽伯格?伯曼X公司等雷曼兄弟旗下子X公司都将继续营业，不受破产重组影响。

凄凉场景雷曼兄弟X公司在曼哈顿纽约时报广场附近第七大道的总部门口14日夜间人来人往，不少X公司员工携带着纸盒子、大手袋、行李袋甚至拉杆箱走出大楼，壹些人拿着印有X公司名字的雨伞和装在画框内的美术品，壹些人眼睛湿润，更有壹些人低声哭泣，相互拥抱道别。

大楼对面，各电视台的直播车排成壹排。

除了X公司员工，面对雷曼兄弟X公司破产心中最为焦急的可能是投资者和在X公司开户交易的客户。

美国证券和交易委员会说，雷曼兄弟X公司的客户账户将得到保护，委员会人员将在未来数周内继续在X公司“蹲点”。

拥有158年历史的雷曼兄弟X公司在美国抵押贷款债券业务上连续40年独占鳌头。

《注会经济法》课程考查论文关于雷曼兄弟破产案件的案例分析摘要雷曼兄弟公司是一家全球性的金融服务公司，同时也是美国国库券市场的主要理商。

它参与的业务包括投资银行，股票，固定收益销售，研究和交易，投资管理，私人股本和私人银行业务。

雷曼兄弟作为美国第四大投资银行，具有悠久的历史和辉煌的战绩，在业界享有盛誉。

其中CEO Richard Fuld 在1993即成为雷曼的最高领袖，它多次带领雷曼避免破产的命运，一次次走向辉煌。

这一次雷曼兄弟走向破产对整个金融界都是不小的冲击。

所有人在震撼的同时，也有必要冷静下来分析其由往昔的辉煌逐步走向毁灭的原因，同时得到了我国在发展资本市场时的一点启示。

关键字：雷曼兄弟、破产原因、启示雷曼兄弟公司由德国移民亨利、埃马努埃尔和迈尔于1850年在美国亚拉巴马州哥马利城创建，目前已拥有158年历史，其主要业务投资银行、私人投资管理、资产管理等。

雷曼兄弟公司总部现设在美国纽约，在英国伦敦和日本东京设有地区总部。

1929年美国经济大萧条时期，雷曼兄弟公司是大力推广新型融资方式的先行者之一，曾帮助大量急需资金的公司成功融资。

20世纪60、70年代，雷曼兄弟公司开始拓展其在全球的业务。

2000年，雷曼兄弟公司股票价格首次达到每股100美元。

2002年，雷曼兄弟公司开设财富和资产管理分支业务。

至2005年，该分支业务管理下的资产总值达1750亿美元。

2007年，雷曼兄弟公司净收入、净利润和每股收益连续4年创历史新高。

2007年夏，美国次贷危机爆发后，雷曼公司因持有大量抵押贷款证券，资产大幅缩水，公司股价在次贷危机后的一年之内大幅下跌近95%。

该公司财报显示，截至2008年第三季度末，总股东权益仅为284亿美元。

距统计，截至2008年5月，雷门兄弟公司拥有资产达6390亿美元，持有1105亿美元高级无担保票据，1260亿美元次级无担保票据和50亿美元初级票据。

曾为美国第四大投资银行的雷曼兄弟控股公司15日向法庭提交破产保护申请。

自说自话之别了，雷曼兄弟雷曼兄弟的破产让我非常震惊，158年号称19条命的老猫被自己的兄弟给亲手杀害了，雷曼的悲剧让我看清楚了很多东西，我先理清思绪，从雷曼破产的教训中寻求值得借鉴的道理。

一、曾国藩的祖父曾教育之：“银钱则量力相助，办事则竭力经营”确实，当年高盛被垄断铁路融资业务的三大家族逼到走投无路的时候，是同为犹太人的雷曼兄弟出手相救，凭着高盛的客户资源和雷曼的资金，兄弟两人在华尔街闯出了一片世界。

然而激情过后，恋人的一切慢慢失去了神秘，接踵而至的就是平淡跟无休止的猜忌，终于兄弟两人分道扬镳了，这个时候雷曼应该就能猜得到今天，因为分家时，61个客户高盛只留给了雷曼14个，在高盛的心里，雷曼是没有业务能力的躯壳，换做是我不会再把高盛看成有着同样血统的兄弟了。

因为分家，雷曼再次陷入了相对停滞阶段。

二、在雷曼倒下的过程中足见福尔德的心理素质一般，每每在最重要的关头福尔德所做的决定都会让对手嗅到破绽，不可理解是作为雷曼头把交椅的福尔德个人能力不够还是真的是恐慌冲昏了头，福尔德所看到的永远只是问题的表面，他抓不到背后的那只手，不对，他甚至看不到伸向他面前的那只手，更不要说背后的手。

金融领域摸爬滚打了一辈子的人，竟然连“以主待客”的兵家常理都不明白，实在很难搞懂。

再次验证了稳重、淡定是强大的心理素质。

三、任何人都不能否定特殊时期的特殊对待，雷曼和高盛分手的最初为了稳固地位发行了大量的次级债务，拥有7380亿美元的金融衍生工具合约。

但是重回华尔街次级债大佬行列之后，是否应该将鸡蛋分到别的篮子里，将触角广伸，在纷繁复杂的经济战场里，任何行业、任何公司都有破产的可能，不要让任何事物拥有对自己的绝对控制地位，否则自己极有可能成为任何一场战争的牺牲品。

四、还是曾国藩的观点：以主待客。

不要认为自己抓住别人的把柄就贸然出击，以为这样就可以置对方于死地，这真是大错特错了，当自己已被完全的置于众目睽睽之下，记得不能第一个站出来，这时就是把自己的缺点暴露给别人的时刻、也是最易树敌的时刻，甚至可能是加速自己灭亡的抉择，让别人出击、让别人为客，方能见招拆招。

华尔街五大投行1、华尔街五大投行之一：高盛2、华尔街五大投行之二：摩根士丹利3 、华尔街五大投行之三：美林4 、华尔街五大投行之四：雷曼兄弟5、华尔街五大投行之五：贝尔斯登高盛集团成立于1869年，是全世界历史最悠久、规模最大的投资银行之一。

其总部设在纽约，并在东京、伦敦和香港设有分部。

与雷曼兄弟一样，它也是犹太后裔创建的公司。

创业时，高盛只有一个办公人员和一个兼职记账员，员工每天沿街打折收购商人们的本票。

然后，在某个约定的日期里，由原来出售本票的商人按票面金额支付现金，其中的差额便是高盛的收入——高盛创始人就这样完成其最原始的资本积累。

更难想像的是，如今声名显赫的高盛曾经是华尔街上“笑柄”及“谬误”的代名词，并一度濒临倒闭：当时高盛曾以每日成立一家信托投资公司的速度,进入类似现在互助基金的业务，并迅速扩张。

其股票发行量短期内膨胀1亿美元，公司股票则由每股几美元飙升至100多美元，峰值时更曾达到200多美元的高价。

时值1929年全球金融危机，华尔街股市大崩盘，高盛难善其身，股价一落千丈，跌至一块多钱，公司损失了92%的原始投资，声誉更在华尔街一落千丈。

其后，高盛用了整整三十年苦心经营，尤其是与摩根士丹利在“恶意收购”上兵戎相见，终于成为投行界的世界级顶级选手。

2008年9月21日晚间，美国联邦储备委员会宣布，已批准了高盛和摩根士丹利两家投行提出的“转为银行控股公司”的请求——这两家冤家对头终于共同终结了我们耳熟能详的华尔街模式。

提起摩根士丹利，许多人马上会联想到摩根大通。

这两家机构究竟有什么关系呢？73年前的1935年春天，受到《格拉斯—斯蒂格尔法案》的压力，在缅因州岸边的小岛农场里，摩根财团做出了不可变更的决定：将摩根银行拆分成两部分：一部分为JP摩根，继续从事传统的商业银行业务；另一部分被分离出成立一家完全独立的投资银行，名叫摩根士丹利。

《格拉斯—斯蒂格尔法案》，英文为Glass-Steagall Act，也称作《1933年银行法》。

《雷曼兄弟公司破产过程、原因和启示》篇一雷曼兄弟公司破产过程、原因及启示一、雷曼兄弟公司的破产过程雷曼兄弟公司，作为一家有着百年历史的全球性投资银行，曾经一度是华尔街的翘楚。

然而，就在金融风暴愈演愈烈的2008年，雷曼兄弟公司最终走向了破产的命运。

其破产过程大致如下：在2008年之前，雷曼兄弟公司通过大规模的杠杆收购和复杂的金融衍生品交易，积累了大量的风险。

随着全球金融危机的爆发，市场流动性急剧下降，雷曼兄弟公司的资产价值大幅缩水。

为了应对资金链的紧张，雷曼兄弟公司试图通过出售资产和寻求政府援助等方式来缓解压力。

然而，由于市场环境恶化，这些努力最终未能奏效。

在破产前的最后阶段，雷曼兄弟公司的股价暴跌，公司面临着巨大的资金压力。

最终，在无法偿还巨额债务的情况下，雷曼兄弟公司于XXXX年XX月XX日宣布破产。

这一事件不仅对雷曼兄弟公司的员工和股东造成了巨大的损失，也对全球金融市场产生了深远的影响。

二、雷曼兄弟公司破产的原因雷曼兄弟公司的破产并非偶然，其背后有多方面的原因。

首先，过度依赖杠杆收购和复杂的金融衍生品交易是导致雷曼兄弟公司破产的重要原因。

通过高杠杆操作，雷曼兄弟公司能够迅速扩大业务规模和增加收益，但同时也增加了公司的风险暴露。

当市场环境恶化时，公司难以承受资产价值的暴跌和资金链的紧张。

其次，监管不力和风险管理失效也是导致雷曼兄弟公司破产的原因之一。

在金融危机的背景下，监管机构对金融机构的监管力度不足，导致金融机构在风险管理和内部控制方面存在缺陷。

此外，金融机构过于追求高收益而忽视了风险控制，也是导致破产的重要原因。

最后，全球经济环境的变化也对雷曼兄弟公司的破产产生了影响。

在金融危机期间，全球经济增长放缓、市场流动性下降和信贷紧缩等因素都加剧了雷曼兄弟公司的困境。

三、雷曼兄弟公司破产的启示雷曼兄弟公司的破产给全球金融市场带来了巨大的冲击和启示。

首先，金融机构需要加强风险管理和内部控制。

金融机构应该建立完善的风险管理机制和内部控制体系，加强对风险的监测和评估，确保业务的稳健发展。