中考英语语法讲解资料及练 句子的种类 二
- 格式:doc
- 大小:22.00 KB
- 文档页数:5
中考英语语法讲解资料及练句子的种类二 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第13讲:句子的种类(二)本讲主要讲一下感叹句,祈使句,再顺便提一下强调句.感叹句注意事项:感叹句往往由what和how引导。
至于what和how的区别则是再好辨别不过了。
跟我背一背下面的顺口溜,感叹句你就不再陌生了.感叹句用法很简单, How和What放句前, How与形、副词类连, What后面名词添.主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见. 当然,what 感叹句和how 感叹句有时可以互相转换。
当What修饰单数可数名词时,如果这一名词有形容词修饰,也可用how引导感叹句,但不定冠词a或an 需放在形容词之后。
如:What a large factory = How large a factory it is!祈使句: 祈使句所需注意的是:含有第二人称的祈使句的否定句用don't.含有第一、第三人称的祈使句的否定句用 Let+not+动词原形或 Don't let+第三人称代词的宾格或名词。
下面稍微提一下常考的强调句:我们学过的强调句是it引导的句子。
记住:强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。
当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用 "who",其余用"that". 句式是:It is (was) 被强调部分+that(who) + 句子其他部分。
此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。
判断一个句子是否是强调句,只需看去掉It be… that是否还是一个完整的句子。
看下面例题:It is twenty years ___ Miss Feng returned to China. A. that B. when C. since D. as答案C.本题易误选为A(that). 其实本句不是强调句。
[键入文字]
中考英语语法汇总:句子的种类
(一)句子种类概述
句子按种类可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
(二)基础知识梳理
1.陈述句
陈述句用来说明事实或表示说话人的看法。
1)陈述句的肯定形式。
如:
We are students.
We must obey the traffic rules.
We clean the room every day.
2)陈述句的否定形式
把陈述句改为否定句可以归纳为以下三种情况:
(1)在be,have,will,shall(包括情态动词)后直接加not。
如:
We aren't students.
You needn't hand in your homework today.
(2)在助动词do,does,或did 后加not,再把它们放在行为动词前面,而行为动词用原形。
如:
We don't clean the room every day.
1。
初中英语语法基础句子结构与类型专题讲解一.句子的种类(一)根据结构划分:①简单句:(5种基本句型)S+Vi(主+谓)S+V系动词+ P (主+系+表)S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾)S+Vt+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)S+Vt+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补)②并列句and, but, or, soThis is me and these are my friends.They must stay in water, or they will die.It’s not cheap, but it is very good.It was late, so I went to bed.③复合句:包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由引导词或连词引导。
名词性从句(宾语,主语,表语,同位语)从句形容词性从句(定语从句)副词性从句(状语从句)(二)根据功能划分:陈述句, 祈使句, 感叹句,疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句等)1)陈述句:说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
例如:Light travels faster than sound.光比声传播速度快。
(说明事实)The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。
(说明看法)2)疑问句:提出问题。
有以下四种:a. 一般疑问句:Can you finish the work in time?b. 特殊疑问句:Where do you live?c. 选择疑问句:Do you want tea or coffee?d. 反意疑问句:He doesn't know her, does he?3)祈使句:提出请求,建议或发出命令。
Don't be nervous!Let’s go fishing tomorrow.4)感叹句:表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。
What good news it is ! How beautiful the girl is !二.简单句的基本句型介绍:1. 基本句型一:S+Vi (主+不及物动词)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词,主格代词,动词不定式,动名词等等。
初中英语语法大全-句子的种类按照英语句子的使用目的和用途,句子可分为四类:陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。
陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句.疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
图解语法1。
陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法,陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句特别提示:肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时,如句中有already,some,something,somebody等词,须分别改成yet,any,anything,anybody等。
另外,也要注意,too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等。
2. 疑问句3. 常用的特殊疑问句4. 特殊的反意疑问句①主句是祈使句时,“will you?"意为“请求",“won't you?”表示提醒对方注意。
例句:Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you?Don’t be late again, will you?②感叹句后的反意疑问,用一般现在时态的否定形式例句:What fine weather, isn’t it?How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she?③陈述部分是“I am …”时,用“aren’t I?"而不用“am not I?”例句:I'm working now, aren’t I?④陈述部分主语是everything,nothing,anything或something 时,疑问句主语用it例句:Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t it?Nothing is difficult, is it?⑤陈述部分的主语是somebody, nobody, everybody, anybody, no one, none, neither 时,疑问句的主语用they例句:Everyone is here, aren't they?No one knows about it, do they?⑥陈述部分的主语是:1) this或that时,问句的主语用it2) these或those时,问句主语用they3) there be句时,反意疑问句中用there例句:This is a plane, isn’t it?These are grapes, aren’t they?There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?⑦陈述部分的主语是one时,问句的主语可用one,也可用you (美语用he)例句:One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one?⑧陈述句中有few, seldom, never hardly,not,rarely,no,nobody,too…to等时,疑问句部分用肯定结构;如由前后缀构成否定词,疑问句部分仍用否定结构例句:He is never late for school, is he?You got nothing from him, did you?It is useless, isn’t it?⑨陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,疑问句的主语用it例句:What you need is more important, isn’t it?⑩陈述部分由think, believe, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句:1) 主语是第一人称时,问句与从句的主谓语一致2) 主语是其他人称,问句与主句的主谓语一致例句:I think he will come, won’t he?I don’t think he can pass the exam, can he?He believed you had seen her before, didn’t he?? have是实义动词时,疑问句用助动词do,does,did;have 是助动词,则不然例如:They had a meeting just now, didn’t they?She’s been to many places of interest, hasn't she??陈述部分有have /has /had to 时,疑问句要用助动词的否定形式例句:You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you?? 陈述部分有had better时,疑问句中用hadn’t刘局:We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we?? 陈述部分有must:1) 作“一定;必须”解释时,疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t;2) 表示推测,作“一定是;必定"解释时,疑问句需根据其后的动词原形选用相应的形式;3) 对过去动作推测时,问句的助动词用did或have;4) 对过去的状态推测时,问句的be用was例句:He must work hard at physics, mustn’t he?You must go to Guangzhou, needn’t you?You mustn’t smoke here, must you?Tom must be at home, isn’t he?She must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t she?He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he??陈述部分有ought to,used to,疑问句要用 shouldn’t,usedn’t / didn’t例句:Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she??陈述句部分是复合句时,疑问句的主语和助动词要与主句一致例句:He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn't he?特别提示:反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定问句”时,如回答内容是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定结构”,反之,用“No+否定结构”。
xx英语语法复习:句子的种类句子的种类一、知识要点句子就是具有一定的语法结构和语调,用来表达一个比较完整的独立意义结构。
句子开头第一个字母要大写,句子末尾要有标点符号。
句子按用途分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1.陈述句:用来陈述一件事情或者某种事实、观点的句子。
分为肯定句和否定句两种类型。
肯定句:They often go to school on foot.他们通常步行去上学。
否定句:My father doesn’t watch TV at home after supper.我爸爸晚饭后在家不看电视。
2.疑问句:用来提出疑问的句子。
分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种类型。
①一般疑问句:能够用Yes或者No来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes,否定回答用No。
一般疑问句的结构是:Be+主语+表语+……?或者是:助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+……?-Are you a teacher?你是老师吗?-Yes, I am.是的,我是。
/-No, I am not.不,我不是。
—Does your mother go shopping on Sunday?你妈妈星期天购物吗?-Yes, she does.是的,她经常去购物。
/-No, she doesn’t.不,她不经常去购物。
—Must we go at once?我们必须立刻走吗?—Yes, we must.是的,必须走。
/—No, we needn’t.不,没有必要。
注意:一般疑问句也可用表示肯定或否定的词来回答,如certainly(当然),surely(当然),of course(当然),I think so(我想是的),all right(好吧) certainlynot(当然不是), notat all(一点也不), never(从不),sorry(很抱歉),not yet(还没有) I’m afraid not(恐怕不是)等。
句子的种类●句子的种类●疑问句及其回答4.反意疑问句反意疑问句由两部分组成,前半句为陈述句,后半句是一个附加的简短问句,回答时根据事实情况用yes或no 。
结构:陈述句+ 附加疑问句?(附加疑问句的否定式必须缩写)反意疑问句结构例句陈述部分为肯定形式,附加问句用否定形式陈述部分为否定形式,附加部分为肯定形式注意:have to意为“不得不”,附加疑问句的谓语动词用助动词do的相应形式。
had better意为“最好”,其附加疑问句的谓语动词用had。
陈述部分的谓语是used to时,附加疑问句部分用“didn’t+主语”或“usedn’t+主语”若must表示推测,反疑问句不能用must,而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。
There is a book in the bag, isn’t there?He has made it, hasn’t he?He doesn’t have a car, does he?Tom didn’t pass the exam, did he?We have to get up at seven tomorrow, don’t we?She had to leave early tomorrow, did she?They had better keep quiet here, hadn’t they?He used to go there every Saturday, didn’t/usedn’t he? He must be tired, isn’t he?句子陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句肯定形式否定形式注意:1)若陈述部分含有hardly, few, little, never, neither, nothing, none, no one, nobody, nowhere, rarely, seldom, too...to...等否定词,则附加问句用肯定形式。
中考英语语法讲解资料及练句子的种类1.名词:讲解名词的基本用法、单复数形式、所有格等,并提供一些常见名词的练习题。
例句:The cat is sleeping.(猫在睡觉。
)The glasses are on the table.(眼镜在桌子上。
)2.代词:讲解人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词等,并提供相应的练习题。
例句:He is my brother.(他是我的兄弟。
)This is my book.(这是我的书。
)3.形容词:讲解形容词的基本用法、比较级和最高级等,并提供一些常见形容词的练习题。
例句:She is a beautiful girl.(她是一个漂亮的女孩。
)This is the best movie I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影。
)4.副词:讲解副词的基本用法、程度副词、方式副词等,并提供相应的练习题。
例句:He speaks English fluently.(他流利地说英语。
)She ran quickly to catch the bus.(她快速地跑去赶公交车。
)5.动词:讲解动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词等,并提供一些常见动词的练习题。
例句:I watched a movie last night.(昨天晚上我看了一部电影。
)The cake is being baked in the oven.(蛋糕正在烤箱里烤。
)6.介词:讲解介词的基本用法、表示时间、地点、原因等的常见介词,并提供相应的练习题。
例句:He is sitting on the chair.(他坐在椅子上。
)She went to the park with her friends.(她和她的朋友们去了公园。
)7.连词:讲解连词的基本用法、并列连词、从属连词等,并提供一些常见的连词练习题。
例句:I like tea, but I don't like coffee.(我喜欢茶,但我不喜欢咖啡。
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习
第13讲:句子的种类(二)
本讲主要讲一下感叹句,祈使句,再顺便提一下强调句.
感叹句注意事项:
感叹句往往由what和how引导。
至于what和how的区别则是再好辨别不过了。
跟我背一背下面的顺口溜,感叹句你就不再陌生了.
感叹句用法很简单, How和What放句前, How与形、副词类连, What后面名词添.主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见. 当然,what 感叹句和how 感叹句有时可以互相转换。
当What 修饰单数可数名词时,如果这一名词有形容词修饰,也可用how引导感叹句,但不定冠词a 或an 需放在形容词之后。
如:What a large factory = How large a factory it is!
祈使句: 祈使句所需注意的是:含有第二人称的祈使句的否定句用don't.含有第一、第三人称的祈使句的否定句用Let+not+动词原形或Don't let+第三人称代词的宾格或名词。
下面稍微提一下常考的强调句:我们学过的强调句是it引导的句子。
记住:强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。
当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用"who",其余用"that". 句式是:It is (was) 被强调部分+that(who) + 句子其他部分。
此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。
判断一个句子是否是强调句,只需看去掉It be…that是否还是一个完整的句子。
看下面例题:
It is twenty years ___ Miss Feng returned to China. A. that B. when C. since D. as
答案C.本题易误选为A(that). 其实本句不是强调句。
若是,去掉It be…that还应是一个完整的句子。
而本句去掉"It is...that",只剩下ten years Miss Feng returned to China.不成句。
因此本句不是强调句。
句子的种类你掌握的如何?何不试试趁热打铁?
练习:
1. It was yesterday _______ Xiao Ming finished all his homework.
A. that
B. when
C. where
D. at
2. You are not in Grade Two, ________you?
A. aren't
B. are
C. do
D. don't
3. She has never read the book before, _______?
A. has she
B. hasn't she
C. is she
D. isn't she
4. --I want to shopping this afternoon. What about you?
___________.
A. So did I
B. So I did
C. So I do
D. So do I
5. It's time for supper now. Let's ______ it.
A. stop to have it
B. stop having
C. to stop to have
D. stopping to have
6. _______ lovely she smiles !
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a
7. Thank you for _____ me with my English.
A. help
B. helped
C. helping
D. helps
8. --Would you please _______ the shoes on the floor?
--I'm sorry. I won't do it again.
A. not throw
B. don't throw
C. not to throw
D. didn't throw
9. Lily has not visited many places of great interests in China. ________.
A. So has her twin sister
B. Neither is her twin sister
C. So her twin sister
D. Neither has her twin sister
10. Don't _______ books again! You must be careful _______ now on.
A. lost, from
B. lose, from
C. lost, since
D. lose, since
实践:
1. When I entered the room, I saw the little boy _______ in the corner.
A. to stand
B. stands
C. stood
D. standing
2. It is a great shame for me _______ in front of so many people.
A. to laugh at
B. to laughing at
C. to be laughed at
D. to have laughed at
3. He dares to climb that tall tree, ________ he?
A. doesn't
B. daren't
C. hasn't
D. isn't
4. Please ______ anything you can remember about the accident.
A. fill in
B. draw out
C. write in
D. put down
5. -Will the clouds lift in the afternoon? --_______.
A. I hope so
B. I hope it
C. I hope that
D. I hope such
6. We had to stay at home ______ the heavy rain.
A. as
B. since
C. because of
D. because
7. They will visit our school ______ next week.
A. sometimes
B. some time
C. some times
D. sometimes
8. Although he tried hard, he was ______ maths.
A. good at
B. doing well in
C. weak in
D. interested in
9. The stars ______ in the daytime.
A. can't see
B. can't be seen
C. can be seen
D. see
10.This kind of cars _______ in Shanghai.
A. is made
B. are made
C. are making
D. is making
11.Mr Black's just come back from the England, _______ he?
A. isn't
B. doesn't
C. hasn't
D. is
12._______ ten years since I left my hometown.
A. They
B. It is
C. There have been
D. It was
13.Is this ________ looking for?
A. you were
B. that you were
C. what were you
D. what you were
14.The Blacks _______ go to the seaside to have their holidays, but now they no longer go there.
A. were used to
B. used to
C. usually
D. seldom
15.Don't hurry. Only one person can enter the room________.
A. at a time
B. in no time
C. in time
D. on time。